{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/wm13n21b8t/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Friedman, Edward, Chinese Foreign Policy"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Chinese Foreign Policy. Iowa State University Lecture Series (RS 8/6/53). Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["There are no restrictions on access. (access)","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. 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evening.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=11.06,12.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd like to welcome you all here this evening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=12.1,13.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the third lecture of a series on China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=13.93,18.124"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And our speaker tonight is Dr. Edward Friedman.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=18.124,21.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He is an author whose written a variety of works,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=22.69,26.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which include \"Backward Toward Revolution:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=26.22,28.622"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Chinese Revolutionary Party\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=28.622,31.237"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Taiwan and American Policy\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=31.237,33.777"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"America's Asia:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=33.777,35.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dissenting Essays on Asian-American Relations.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=35.16,38.077"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Friedman has founded and co-edited \"Modern China\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=39.09,42.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an international quarterly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=42.62,44.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some of the other things that will be happening this week","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=45.462,48.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will be tomorrow evening,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=50.91,52.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Yang, who is a Nobel Laureate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=52.27,55.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will be speaking on science","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=55.11,56.258"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the People's Republic of China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=56.258,58.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Thursday evening there will be a debate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=59.5,63.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between two friends,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=63.47,64.939"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of whom we were able to see last year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=64.939,68.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that is between Dr. Paul Sweezy and Dr. John Gurley.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=68.05,72.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The title of the lecture is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=72.15,73.677"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Has China Lost The Road to Socialism?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=73.677,76.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As you can tell, the World Institute","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=76.86,79.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is interested in giving you a wide perspective","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=79.47,81.429"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of what China is about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=81.429,84.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Without further ado,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=86.109,88.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would like to introduce Dr. Friedman,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=88.27,90.701"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the topic of his lecture is \"China Foreign Policy.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=90.701,95.701"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=96.7,97.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(applause)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=97.533,99.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Can I just ask one favor, please?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=106.036,108.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Could the group of people over there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=108.49,110.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"please come join us over here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=110.74,112.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Otherwise, I feel that I'm sort of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=112.2,114.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the outside looking in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=114.13,115.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I appreciate that, thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=161.39,164.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a genuine honor to be here with you tonight.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=164.13,168.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I don't think that I can remember a more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=168.71,172.905"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"intelligently put together","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=172.905,176.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"series of lectures on China anywhere ever","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=176.57,180.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I've ever had the opportunity to participate in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=180.243,184.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, it's to me such an extraordinary group of people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=184.58,188.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you put together, myself excepted, that I'm gonna stay on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=188.81,192.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I intend to stay on a little bit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=193.5,194.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and learn from some of the other people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=194.94,197.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who have been invited","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=197.47,199.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I just think it's a first rank group of 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speakers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=204.194,206.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I think they're absolutely magnificent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=206.283,210.285"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now I'm gonna try to talk about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=210.285,212.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Chinese foreign policy in general,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=212.98,215.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'm gonna try to put it into some larger perspective.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=215.36,218.525"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I hope it's obvious to everyone","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=218.525,221.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it's absolutely impossible to touch on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=221.49,225.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all important topics,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=225.19,226.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or to do justice to any important topic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=226.8,229.213"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you're gonna just have a very short period of time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=229.213,232.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to discuss Chinese foreign policy over a 30-year period,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=232.81,237.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with all the nations and tendencies in the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=238.08,243.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I will end up probably being unfair to certain things,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=243.13,247.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"leaving out lots of things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=247.64,249.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I look forward to your questions afterwards,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=249.64,252.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and please feel free to ask anything you want","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=252.01,254.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about anything,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=254.67,255.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether I've touched on it in Chinese foreign policy or not,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=255.56,258.636"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'll do my best to deal with any questions you ask","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=258.636,263.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as long as you understand that if I don't know the answer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=263.13,267.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I intend to say I don't know the answer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=267.06,269.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People ask the question","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=273.3,274.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how one goes about evaluating Chinese foreign policy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=274.5,278.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"30 years after the success of what I personally believe was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=278.39,282.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the most liberating revolution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=284.156,287.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that ever took place on the face of this planet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=287.37,290.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I call it the most liberating revolution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=290.29,292.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on a purely objective criteria","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=292.78,294.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"judging how much it benefited how many people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=294.7,298.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it clearly did more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=298.91,300.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to lift more people out from mass misery","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=300.61,302.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than any other single event","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=302.97,304.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that is occurred on the planet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=304.36,307.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you ask the question","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=308.82,310.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"30 years after this extraordinary revolution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=310.58,313.079"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what does Chinese foreign policy look like?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=313.079,315.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How do you evaluate Chinese foreign policy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=315.93,319.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, how do you go about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=319.61,320.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"evaluating the foreign policy of any nation?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=320.91,325.306"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Should you compare it to any nation?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=325.306,328.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you take, for example, as a comparison Algeria,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=329.79,332.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"17 years after the success of the Algerian Revolution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=332.47,336.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you look at Algeria today, a country blessed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=336.553,340.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with extraordinary amounts of oil and natural gas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=340.24,343.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And yet you will find when you look at Algeria today","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=343.98,347.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that two-thirds of Algeria's foreign exchange","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=347.54,350.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it earns from that oil and natural gas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=350.62,353.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"goes to pay for food imports.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=353.36,355.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you will find extraordinary disparities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=355.8,357.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and living a level of misery","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=357.91,360.164"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the large sectors of the population","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=360.164,362.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it makes you wonder if a revolution ever took place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=362.41,366.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, if you look at a Third World country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=366.47,369.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which tried to build itself by a different route,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=369.15,372.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a very different route,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=372.5,373.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"take Brazil some 15 years or so after a military coup,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=373.56,378.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a tremendous commitment to earn foreign exchange","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=378.827,382.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through an export drive,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=382.27,383.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which would then be used","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=383.65,384.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to change living conditions in Brazil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=384.97,388.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You will find in Brazil as a result of that export drive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=388.16,392.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're now able to spend two-thirds of the foreign exchange","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=392.15,395.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they earn from exports each year to pay off the debts,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=395.24,399.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the interest on debts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=399.88,402.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they've accrued over this period of time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=402.14,405.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you will find a country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=405.01,406.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which part of the basis of that development in 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independence,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=439.78,442.777"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and secure a prosperous life for its own people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=442.777,447.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you look at 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decade.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=531.76,534.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that occurred at a time when the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=534.7,537.335"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was the powerful economic country in the 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China,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=549.1,551.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but to bring its so-called friends and allies into line,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=551.9,556.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and make sure that more or 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Bloc,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=587.2,590.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bad-mouth China in the international financial world","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=590.5,593.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a nation which doesn't pay its 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China,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=693.303,697.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and look elsewhere to live inside of China,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=697.26,699.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and at least another 40 million people in that 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malnutrition,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=704.88,707.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the things which come with hunger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=707.47,710.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they were committed to allowing their people to 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live.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=717.55,720.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not an economically rational policy where you would say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=720.68,724.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hey, if there are no jobs in one part of the 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development","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=745.03,746.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this very difficult kind of fashion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=746.18,749.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is not necessarily the best way of going ahead","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=749.73,752.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the rapidest kind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=752.42,754.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of straightforward economic development.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=754.02,758.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you want to get a vision of what China was in 1949","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=758.51,762.947"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as sort of a 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government,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=768.14,770.278"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the society after 1949","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=770.278,773.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's easiest to sort of recall to mind some","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=773.62,776.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know idiomatic terms in our own language,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=778.27,782.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which tell us I 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Dazhao.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=971.41,974.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Excuse me as I go through it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=974.43,975.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't give you all the footnotes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=975.72,976.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I'm not inventing the language.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=976.91,978.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was a robbers' world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=981.0,984.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And even if China want its independence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=984.37,987.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that wouldn't in itself change the robbers' world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=987.29,992.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Only activity at a global level,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=992.03,994.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a world level would change the robbers' world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=994.51,998.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"China for the sake of its own people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=998.35,1001.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and because it knew what misery was,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1001.76,1004.357"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it knew what suffering and starvation were,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1004.357,1007.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it was committed to ending the causes which created that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1007.66,1010.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was committed not just to its own revolution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1010.98,1013.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but to secure the fruits of its 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way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1026.98,1029.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the revolutions that mattered,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1029.6,1031.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were the revolutions first and foremost","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1031.62,1033.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against the robbers' world,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1033.63,1035.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was the world of imperialism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1035.27,1037.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you had to struggle first against that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1037.67,1040.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That a revolution in their 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revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1065.03,1066.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is Mao Zedong,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1066.96,1068.195"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who becomes eventually the leader of the revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1068.195,1071.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In a speech he made in a town","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1071.34,1075.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in southeastern China called Hai-Lu-Feng in I think 1926,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1075.87,1080.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he said, '25.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1082.267,1085.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For half a 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industries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1096.69,1098.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and their family sideline economies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1098.96,1101.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Second, the imperialists bought up China's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1101.89,1104.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rural agricultural products at depressed prices.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1104.58,1107.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By the way, the foreign countries had imposed upon 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America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1350.33,1354.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Neither the farmer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1354.47,1355.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nor the Chinese people as a whole are ready for 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counter-revolutionary","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1370.023,1372.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it is impractical,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1372.903,1375.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and attempts to carry it out would be self-defeating.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1375.54,1379.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What actually occurred instead was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1379.48,1382.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the United States embargo China, blockaded China,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1382.09,1386.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"forced China to rely essentially upon its own resources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1386.47,1389.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or to become dependent upon the Soviet Union,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1389.73,1392.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and China was forced on a very different road.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1392.42,1396.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And rather than see anything about what the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1396.53,1399.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the dominant economic power had to do with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1399.49,1402.475"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pushing these sort of difficult choices upon the Chinese,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1402.475,1406.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we created a different image of the Chinese,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1406.65,1409.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which sort of legitimated American intervention in Asia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1409.133,1413.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It especially comes after the Korean War,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1413.24,1415.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the truth is it was there before the Korean War.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1415.78,1418.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a vision of China","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1418.57,1419.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a combination of red menace and yellow peril,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1419.79,1423.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what I like to call the orange threat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1423.9,1426.169"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(laughter)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1426.169,1429.077"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know if you can see the cartoon,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1429.077,1432.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's this huge sumo wrestler.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1432.69,1434.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You'll have to forget that sumo is a Japanese 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ring","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1444.157,1447.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and on the huge sumo wrestler it's China,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1447.54,1449.737"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it says Asian hordes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1449.737,1452.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then there's this sweet little guy down here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1452.02,1455.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It says U.S., that's us, cringing before the Asian hordes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1455.55,1460.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that became the vizier essentially of China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1461.0,1464.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was an especially monstrous nation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1464.21,1467.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was enemy number one, it was barbaric, it was crude,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1467.24,1471.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was uncivilized.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1471.16,1472.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To say anything semi rational about China was impossible","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1474.334,1479.334"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in that kind of an atmosphere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1480.025,1482.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The outsiders perception of China,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1482.9,1484.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the American perception of China at that time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1484.85,1486.795"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would suggest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1486.795,1488.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had close to virtually nothing to do with reality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1488.17,1493.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Close to virtually nothing to do with reality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1493.25,1495.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was essentially a rationalization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1495.9,1497.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of American foreign policy, which in that period,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1497.57,1500.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and for another decade and a half to come,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1500.73,1504.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was going to be in Asia","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1504.1,1505.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very military interventionist foreign policy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1505.35,1508.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and, obviously, all countries in the world are defensive,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1508.033,1511.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"therefore, United States was going to be intervening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1511.53,1514.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it must be because","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1514.12,1514.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's some dangerous aggressor out there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1514.953,1517.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the dangerous aggressor was thought to be the Chinese.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1517.56,1521.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An absolutely primitive army would be the only way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1521.85,1524.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the Chinese could have gotten here with a bomb","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1524.653,1526.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would have been swimming across the Pacific Ocean","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1526.88,1528.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with it strapped to their backs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1528.78,1531.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but that was the image,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1531.36,1532.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which dominated American thinking China","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1532.61,1534.686"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as this irrational monstrous barbaric","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1534.686,1538.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1540.435,1542.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now the sad thing to discover as we go through this is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1542.26,1547.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I would suggest to you that our present image of China","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1547.33,1551.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is no more accurate than the one back there in the 1950s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1551.25,1556.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we still paint our images of China,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1556.95,1558.897"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Chinese foreign policy to suit American dominant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1558.897,1563.897"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"purposes in the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1564.698,1567.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, it forces one to have to be skeptical","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1567.61,1570.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about so many things that sometimes one doesn't know","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1570.4,1572.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if there are any facts at all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1572.95,1575.098"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that one is allowed to rely on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1575.098,1577.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me just give you the most recent instance of this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1577.3,1580.338"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is in the process of surfacing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1580.338,1582.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know if you're aware of it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1582.9,1584.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but for a long time the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1584.08,1587.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been telling us that the Soviet Union has a very small","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1587.47,1592.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"proven oil potential.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1593.77,1596.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that very soon it would have to indeed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1596.09,1598.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"start purchasing petroleum.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1598.58,1600.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, what really they were saying, I would suggest to you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1601.877,1604.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was that the Soviet Union has a major political interest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1604.44,1608.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Middle East, and, therefore,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1608.63,1610.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you better let us, the CIA, get involved there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1610.73,1613.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because pretty soon it's gonna become","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1613.27,1614.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a cold war conflict place with the Soviet Union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1614.7,1618.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, American interests are changing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1618.57,1621.971"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's a redefinition if the major enemy is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1621.971,1625.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what's happening to the dollar, oil prices, OPEC, and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1627.1,1631.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it is now being discovered would you believe it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1631.97,1634.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the Soviets turn out to have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1634.69,1637.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an extraordinary amount of untapped petroleum,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1637.26,1640.042"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they're going to be exporting it for a long time to come","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1640.042,1644.911"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that the reality of the situation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1644.911,1647.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that OPEC better come to some cooperative deals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1647.41,1649.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the United States 'cause otherwise they're gonna find","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1649.92,1652.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they have to deal with the Soviets, or with a glut,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1652.69,1655.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and better that they should come to terms with us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1655.33,1659.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By the way, I have no idea what the real numbers are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1659.09,1661.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is the problem that you really have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1663.33,1665.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these dominant interests defining 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therefore,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1853.128,1854.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"based on these growing strange with the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1854.81,1857.779"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"losing its dominant position,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1857.779,1859.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you would get all sorts of rearrangements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1859.99,1862.069"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the so-called free world,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1862.069,1863.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there'd be a lot more room for maneuver for the Chinese.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1863.9,1866.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they, therefore, made overtures to all these 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Gaulle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1875.26,1879.569"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This leads to the vision in the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1879.569,1881.735"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that de Gaulle is worse than the Communists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1881.735,1884.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In Lyndon Johnson's view of the world","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1884.81,1887.298"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ho Chi Minh was an agent of Charles de 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is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1894.505,1896.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's also an interesting statement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1896.513,1898.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the Chinese were not totally 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conflict","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1903.11,1905.202"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with its own allies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1905.202,1908.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but what occurs here in this situation for the Chinese","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1908.583,1912.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is they make all these overtures.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1912.08,1913.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They want to break out from this dependence on the Soviets,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1913.663,1917.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the Soviets punished them for it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1917.31,1919.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Chinese decide","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1920.491,1921.324"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they don't want to go down the Soviet road.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1921.324,1923.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They do not want to end up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1923.73,1925.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like a gray kind of a bureaucratic state.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1925.04,1928.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They would like to have a much more vital kind of society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1928.73,1932.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"much more egalitarian kind of society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1932.09,1934.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Soviets say to them, no, if you want aid from us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1934.67,1938.749"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you can't do what you're doing now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1938.749,1940.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You can't change your investment patterns","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1940.68,1942.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to put more into light industry and agriculture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1942.67,1945.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We know that that would just destroy your country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1945.13,1947.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You have to do your investment patterns the way we do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1947.78,1950.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you insist on doing it your way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1950.69,1952.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was anti-socialist,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1952.71,1954.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as we know from our experience in the Soviet Union,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1954.59,1956.766"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, there's no point in our giving you aid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1956.766,1958.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there's no point in our sending technicians.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1958.84,1960.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You're just wasting our valuable money,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1960.8,1962.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where we can spend it better elsewhere,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1962.86,1965.237"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"essentially threatening the Chinese","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1965.237,1967.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the consequences of going down their own route.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1967.26,1971.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In that kind of a situation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1971.03,1972.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Chinese fell ever further back on their own resources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1972.62,1977.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"launching what is known as the great leap forward,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1977.45,1980.577"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a very heroic, but I would suggest utopian effort","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1980.577,1985.187"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were all these kinds of problems they had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1985.187,1987.976"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"somehow by a bootstrap operation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1987.976,1992.067"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It really was impossiblistic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1992.067,1994.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They couldn't do it for a whole host of reasons","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1994.54,1997.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which there's no time to go in here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1997.1,1998.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"led to a tremendous economic crisis inside of China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=1998.49,2002.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And his first cause was the human actors","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2003.69,2006.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who called for the policies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2006.14,2007.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but then intensified by what the Soviet Union acknowledged","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2007.71,2012.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was one horrendous year of weather.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2012.01,2014.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then by the Soviet pullout,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2014.31,2015.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the things we mentioned before about Soviet oil policy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2015.91,2019.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and financial policy towards China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2019.12,2022.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So as you enter the 1960s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2022.82,2025.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you find China in a deep economic depression,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2025.93,2029.827"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"essentially isolated,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2029.827,2032.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"failing in its efforts of overtures to the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2032.01,2035.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the United States increasingly is persuaded","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2035.7,2038.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that what's really happening in the world,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2038.79,2040.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they essentially buy the Moscow line.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2040.52,2043.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In many ways in this period one would say","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2043.88,2047.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the most conservative elements in the American government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2047.52,2050.328"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were dupes of the Soviet Communists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2050.328,2052.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They bought the Moscow line.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2052.72,2054.719"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Moscow line said","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2054.719,2056.817"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the most dangerous country in the world is China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2056.817,2059.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That Washington and Moscow should get together,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2059.98,2062.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and beat up on the Chinese.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2062.18,2064.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"See, the Russians were worried about China","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2064.123,2067.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for a whole host of reasons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2067.28,2069.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Among others, and not unimportant,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2069.04,2072.151"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they did not like this Chinese independence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2072.151,2075.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Chinese were no military threat to anybody,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2080.14,2083.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it was a 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these,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2087.47,2089.715"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they were taking on China as their enemy number one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2089.715,2094.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At the same time as you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2094.21,2095.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the next year '64 and then '65,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2095.89,2098.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the United States begins its escalation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2098.71,2101.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and its large-scale intervention in Indochina,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2101.83,2104.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"threatening the Chinese","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2104.87,2106.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the war might expand into China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2106.22,2109.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So here, a decade and a half after independence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2109.82,2113.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a China trying to recover from a horrendous depression,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2113.54,2117.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and economic havoc,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2117.24,2119.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the Soviets moving military forces","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2119.02,2121.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the northern borders,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2121.203,2123.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the United States militarily intervening in Vietnam","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2123.28,2126.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"claiming, and it's difficult to remember this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2126.37,2129.097"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but this is really what the United States claimed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2129.097,2131.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the Vietnamese were really Chinese puppets","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2131.95,2134.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who were not independent and were just taking Mao's orders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2134.85,2139.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if we didn't stop the Chinese and Vietnam,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2139.12,2141.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lord knows where the Chinese would go next.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2141.9,2145.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the United States goes into Vietnam","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2145.74,2148.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to stop this dangerous Chinese threat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2148.35,2150.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which could destabilize the whole Third World","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2150.93,2153.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because if you didn't stop the Chinese in Vietnam","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2153.26,2155.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then the Chinese might turn out tomorrow to be in Mexico,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2155.72,2159.877"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or something.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2160.91,2161.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What is China going to do in this situation?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2163.661,2166.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It led to a tremendous crisis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2166.59,2168.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a real crisis within Chinese foreign policy making circles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2168.82,2172.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How do you handle this problem of the two super powers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2173.49,2178.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both at the same time moving against you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2178.88,2182.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and actually and generally in both camps,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2182.14,2184.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both in Moscow and Washington,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2184.98,2186.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were very powerful people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2186.5,2188.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who urged a strike against China itself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2188.47,2192.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do you do in this kind of a situation?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2192.76,2195.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basically, there were only, there were three 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intervention,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2279.24,2283.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and escalation in Vietnam.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2283.19,2285.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They made them through the French ambassador in Peking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2285.64,2290.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who was asked to convey","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2290.14,2291.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these overtures to the United States,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2291.2,2293.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but went back to Paris where de Gaulle said to him,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2293.68,2296.641"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you must be crazy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2296.641,2298.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we carry an overture,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2298.5,2300.545"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Johnson would see it as some kind of plot to undermine him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2300.545,2304.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He only sees us as an enemy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2304.37,2306.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's no point of even delivering it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2306.62,2308.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as far as we can tell,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2308.64,2309.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this overture collusion pay the French ambassador to China","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2309.81,2313.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"never was delivered.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2313.02,2313.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I believe there were others through Indonesia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2313.93,2315.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through Japan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2315.54,2316.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one went through the Canadian wheat negotiator,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2316.6,2319.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"minister of agriculture a gentleman named Alvin Hamilton,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2319.88,2323.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who I subsequently wrote to,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2323.12,2324.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and asked him if he would tell me about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2324.21,2325.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me just read to you from Hamilton's letter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2325.76,2328.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was in the conversations that I held","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2329.58,2331.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with Premier Zhou Enlai of March of '64","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2331.38,2333.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that he said that he could not understand why","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2333.703,2336.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the USA took so long to realize","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2336.19,2338.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that insofar as regaining lost territories was concerned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2338.26,2341.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the People's Republic of China had much greater 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Xinjiang,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2353.25,2356.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"far western province,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2357.44,2358.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were not only much greater in size and resources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2362.13,2364.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but at the struggle there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2364.68,2365.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"military forces required much larger effort than in Vietnam.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2365.67,2369.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I, with the permission of Zhou Enlai","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2369.83,2371.379"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"took this message to Senator Fulbright, who was the chair","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2371.379,2374.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee then,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2374.52,2376.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and some members","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2376.4,2377.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Foreign Relations Committee of the Senate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2377.25,2379.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in early January '65.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2379.45,2381.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The message was accompanied with an invitation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2381.55,2383.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from Zhou Enlai to visit China,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2383.243,2385.247"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and get the statement from him directly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2385.247,2387.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An invitation, which you are all aware,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2387.63,2389.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kissinger would finally accept six years later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2389.71,2392.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were other matters passed 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nations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2397.14,2399.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on China's borders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2399.62,2401.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"China always has had an interest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2401.02,2403.088"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the neutral Southeast Asia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2403.088,2405.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how the Taiwan question could be settled, et cetera.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2405.12,2408.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, sending the message through Senator Fulbright","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2408.4,2411.342"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was probably even a little bit worse","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2411.342,2413.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than sending the message through de Gaulle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2413.24,2415.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, if Johnson had a vision of the beast","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2415.73,2418.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the United States,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2418.84,2420.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was Senator Fulbright who raised questions about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2420.5,2424.448"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Johnson's Vietnam policy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2424.448,2427.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so these Chinese overtures went nowhere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2427.4,2431.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The United States gets involved in Vietnam.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2431.11,2433.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Chinese on their own do what they can","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2433.69,2435.609"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the Vietnamese effort.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2435.609,2438.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was a talk on this today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2438.04,2439.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so I won't go into it in any depth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2439.07,2441.308"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the United States finds out very interestingly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2441.308,2444.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over a period of time of the Vietnam War","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2444.74,2447.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that although the Chinese back the Vietnamese in this war","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2447.55,2450.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against the American intervention of Vietnam","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2450.46,2452.914"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that really on a whole host of other issues","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2452.914,2455.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there really is no great conflict of interest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2455.48,2457.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the Chinese,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2457.91,2458.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they're able increasingly to talk with the Chinese.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2458.743,2461.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the Chinese, the way it got expressed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2461.69,2463.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and since the Chinese were once this great threat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2463.84,2466.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the view became that the Chinese had now turned into doves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2466.48,2470.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, there are articles written on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2470.17,2471.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how the Mao faction in China is the dove faction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2471.65,2475.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They used to be the monster and now they're doves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2475.25,2477.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was summed up in a cartoon,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2477.84,2479.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which I have here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2479.58,2481.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which shows Kissinger on his first visit to Peking.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2481.7,2485.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know if you can see it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2485.12,2486.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he's looking over a pit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2486.77,2488.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's no longer a boxing ring.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2488.65,2489.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a pit and in the pit are Chinese,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2489.81,2493.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they're bashing each other to death.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2493.09,2494.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You see, they're really struggling with each other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2494.94,2496.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're caring about their own society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2496.51,2498.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they're doing it with clubs and pitchforks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2498.27,2500.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're no threat to anybody.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2500.8,2502.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're only a threat to themselves,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2502.11,2503.967"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Mao and Zhou Enlai here are looking over the pit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2503.967,2507.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where the Chinese are clubbing each other to death.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2507.17,2509.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in the little racist language","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2509.84,2513.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Zhou Enlai turns to Kissinger and says,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2513.44,2515.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ah, Mr. Kissinger, what a coincidence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2515.77,2519.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Our party leaders are just debating the pros and 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applauded.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2563.74,2566.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fidel Castro saying to his everliving discredit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2566.98,2570.466"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"freedom is only a matter of the length of your 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saying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2582.977,2587.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/879","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that anytime a nation left the socialist commonwealth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2587.01,2591.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and, therefore, threatened to join the camp of imperialism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2591.79,2595.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Soviets had the right, indeed it was their obligation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2595.9,2599.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/882","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the liberation of the human 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Czechoslovakia","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2603.67,2606.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/885","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from being overtaken by imperialism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2606.79,2609.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to maintain its position within the socialist 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people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2776.77,2779.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/941","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to notice how vulnerable they were in '74","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2779.86,2782.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/942","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to what was happening, for 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wheat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2793.58,2796.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/947","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rice earned them more foreign exchange, wheat was cheaper.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2796.81,2800.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/948","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They, therefore, had foreign 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was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2805.66,2808.527"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/951","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they couldn't help but import wheat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2808.527,2813.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/952","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they had tremendous 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wheat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2821.69,2823.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/957","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because of their own internal infrastructural difficulties","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2823.75,2826.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/958","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"caused in no small part by a policy of self-reliance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2826.557,2830.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/959","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which really meant not investing in the infrastructure","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2830.47,2833.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/960","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you needed to take care of distribution at home.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2833.18,2837.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/961","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that as you all know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2837.14,2838.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/962","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in '74 when wheat prices skyrocket","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2838.61,2841.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/963","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after the Russian purchases,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2841.23,2843.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/964","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"China finds itself having to buy high priced wheat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2843.84,2848.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/965","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"instead of low priced wheat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2848.01,2849.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/966","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they can't get out of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2849.84,2851.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/967","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They are caught in a world market.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2851.03,2853.277"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/968","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one of the things that one learns in that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2853.277,2855.207"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/969","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one hopes one learns,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2855.207,2856.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/970","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the dangers for Third World countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2856.67,2859.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/971","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which do not have easy export situations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2859.35,2861.949"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/972","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of non-conservative policies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2861.949,2864.418"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/973","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in dealing with the world market.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2864.418,2867.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/974","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, we also saw in the period '74 to '76","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2867.88,2871.597"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/975","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"contrary to lots of views,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2871.597,2873.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/976","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which were around about China before then,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2873.49,2876.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/977","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was that because of this doctrine of self-reliance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2876.32,2879.587"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/978","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this non-investment in 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self-reliance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2895.19,2896.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/985","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which in large part became a rationalization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2896.94,2899.626"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/986","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of having been excluded from the world market for so 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China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2907.567,2911.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/989","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You just think of something as simple as milk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2911.39,2914.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/990","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How do you get milk out to kids in their early years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2914.956,2919.446"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/991","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the poor countryside?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2919.446,2921.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/992","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By the way, they also had a tremendous protein 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kinds","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2935.94,2938.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/999","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of difficulties than were obvious at the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2938.38,2940.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1000","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1976,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2941.99,2943.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1001","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the people who were committed in the extreme","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2945.22,2947.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1002","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to these policies of self-reliance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2947.82,2949.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1003","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rationalized the forced exclusion from the world market,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2949.9,2953.546"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1004","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and who brought on some of these difficulties","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2953.546,2955.957"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1005","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to China lost power.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2955.957,2959.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1006","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the first rash of liberation from the way of these people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2959.25,2963.558"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1007","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"China committed itself to what seems to me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2963.558,2966.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1008","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be some very dangerous policies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2966.44,2968.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1009","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which it didn't understand the lessons of its own path.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2968.25,2971.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1010","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, the Chinese joke about it this way today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2971.44,2974.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1011","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so it's said in exaggerated form,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2974.99,2977.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1012","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it really is an exaggeration,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2977.29,2979.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1013","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which (indistinct) the truth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2979.07,2980.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1014","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They say the minister","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2980.18,2981.712"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1015","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Department Of International Trade","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2981.712,2984.014"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1016","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who was responsible for buying foreign plants","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2984.014,2987.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1017","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in one month signed contracts to purchase 26 plants.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2987.76,2992.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1018","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then if you ask, why did he purchase 26 plants?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2992.18,2995.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1019","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He said, \"Well, he purchased one plant a day,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2995.5,2998.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1020","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he couldn't purchase 30","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=2998.94,3000.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1021","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because he didn't work on Sundays.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3000.25,3002.337"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1022","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They canceled 24 of those contracts,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3004.01,3007.018"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1023","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they've begun to return to more conservative,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3007.018,3010.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1024","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and sensible international purchase policies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3010.0,3014.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1025","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nonetheless, the dominant image","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3014.41,3017.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1026","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the United States today of China is this one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3017.08,3021.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1027","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's China as a Coca-Cola cornucopia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3021.88,3025.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1028","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By the way, the reality is some of you probably know","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3026.501,3030.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1029","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that Coca-Cola is sold in China only in tourist hotels,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3030.85,3035.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1030","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and other similar places and only for foreign exchange.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3035.92,3039.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1031","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You might argue that it's unfair to the Chinese people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3039.53,3042.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1032","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they can't buy it, but the truth is they can't buy it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3042.47,3045.247"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1033","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than it being a Coca-Cola cornucopia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3045.247,3048.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1034","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as I say, the images have absolutely nothing to do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3048.65,3053.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1035","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the reality no more today than in the past.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3053.07,3055.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1036","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anyway, this cartoon shows","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3055.87,3057.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1037","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a political slogan going down in Peking,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3057.82,3060.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1038","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a sign for Coca-Cola going 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resources","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3230.94,3234.342"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1097","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as it now wants very much to do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3234.342,3236.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1098","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to carry out the redistribution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3236.61,3238.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1099","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to end some of this maldistribution in the rural areas,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3238.8,3242.041"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to raise the countryside, especially, its poorest parts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3242.041,3247.041"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The truth of the matter is then","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3247.68,3249.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that China never was an Asian behemoth","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3249.64,3253.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"any more than it's today a Coca-Cola cornucopia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3253.1,3257.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a poor Third World country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3257.48,3259.589"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"committed at home to some very decent goals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3259.589,3264.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's been bedeviled by its own obstacles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3264.13,3266.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of all those mountains, and all that people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3266.98,3269.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that very little land, blockade, embargo,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3269.7,3273.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and some false starts at home.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3273.6,3276.213"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's struggling within that world market,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3278.19,3280.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and within its own heritage and within its own resources.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3280.8,3284.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The story is not finished.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3284.48,3286.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There is no Hollywood ending.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3286.57,3288.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All there really is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3288.78,3289.785"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a continuation of that effort","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3289.785,3293.785"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the beginning to try to deal with the world","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3293.785,3296.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a way which will win, shine its independence,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3296.85,3300.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and secure for its own people, prosperity and equality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3300.4,3304.836"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=3304.836,3305.669"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29732/annotation/1120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/029/732/original/AV168085_Chinese_Foreign_Policy_a.vtt?1624893588","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/029/732/original/AV168085_Chinese_Foreign_Policy_a.vtt?1624893588"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29733","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV168085_Chinese_Foreign_Policy_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423/transcript/29733/annotation/1121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Good evening. I'd like to welcome you all here this evening to the third lecture of a series on China. And our speaker tonight is Dr. Edward Friedman. He is an author whose written a variety of works, which include \"Backward Toward Revolution: The Chinese Revolutionary Party\" \"Taiwan and American Policy\" \"America's Asia: Dissenting Essays on Asian-American Relations.\" Dr. Friedman has founded and co-edited \"Modern China\" an international quarterly. Some of the other things that will be happening this week will be tomorrow evening, Dr. Yang, who is a Nobel Laureate, will be speaking on science in the People's Republic of China. And Thursday evening there will be a debate between two friends, one of whom we were able to see last year. And that is between Dr. Paul Sweezy and Dr. John Gurley. The title of the lecture is \"Has China Lost The Road to Socialism?\" As you can tell, the World Institute is interested in giving you a wide perspective of what China is about. Without further ado, I would like to introduce Dr. Friedman, and the topic of his lecture is \"China Foreign Policy.\" Thank you.\r\n\r\n- Can I just ask one favor, please? Could the group of people over there, please come join us over here. Otherwise, I feel that I'm sort of on the outside looking in. I appreciate that, thank you very much. It's a genuine honor to be here with you tonight. And I don't think that I can remember a more intelligently put together series of lectures on China anywhere ever that I've ever had the opportunity to participate in. In fact, it's to me such an extraordinary group of people you put together, myself excepted, that I'm gonna stay on. I intend to stay on a little bit, and learn from some of the other people who have been invited because I just think it's a first rank group of people. I'm only sorry that I wasn't here earlier to hear the previous speakers because I think they're absolutely magnificent. Now I'm gonna try to talk about Chinese foreign policy in general, and I'm gonna try to put it into some larger perspective. And I hope it's obvious to everyone that it's absolutely impossible to touch on all important topics, or to do justice to any important topic if you're gonna just have a very short period of time to discuss Chinese foreign policy over a 30-year period, with all the nations and tendencies in the world. So I will end up probably being unfair to certain things, leaving out lots of things. And I look forward to your questions afterwards, and please feel free to ask anything you want about anything, whether I've touched on it in Chinese foreign policy or not, and I'll do my best to deal with any questions you ask as long as you understand that if I don't know the answer I intend to say I don't know the answer. People ask the question how one goes about evaluating Chinese foreign policy 30 years after the success of what I personally believe was the most liberating revolution that ever took place on the face of this planet. I call it the most liberating revolution on a purely objective criteria judging how much it benefited how many people, and it clearly did more to lift more people out from mass misery than any other single event I think that is occurred on the planet. And you ask the question 30 years after this extraordinary revolution what does Chinese foreign policy look like? How do you evaluate Chinese foreign policy? Well, how do you go about evaluating the foreign policy of any nation? Should you compare it to any nation? If you take, for example, as a comparison Algeria, 17 years after the success of the Algerian Revolution, and you look at Algeria today, a country blessed with extraordinary amounts of oil and natural gas. And yet you will find when you look at Algeria today that two-thirds of Algeria's foreign exchange that it earns from that oil and natural gas goes to pay for food imports. And you will find extraordinary disparities, and living a level of misery in the large sectors of the population that it makes you wonder if a revolution ever took place. Well, if you look at a Third World country, which tried to build itself by a different route, a very different route, take Brazil some 15 years or so after a military coup, and a tremendous commitment to earn foreign exchange through an export drive, which would then be used to change living conditions in Brazil. You will find in Brazil as a result of that export drive they're now able to spend two-thirds of the foreign exchange that they earn from exports each year to pay off the debts, the interest on debts that they've accrued over this period of time. And you will find a country in which part of the basis of that development in Brazil was worsening by some 40% the conditions of life for the most miserable elements of the population. Now, when you look at China, another poor Third World country, I would choose to judge its foreign policy, first and foremost by how successful it has done in terms of the period after the revolution in dealing with this very dangerous external world which you have to get involved in if you're going to raise the conditions of your own population, how well it has done to maintain its own independence, and secure a prosperous life for its own people. And if you look at China, and try to evaluate how well China has done in that kind of a struggle you quickly learn that China is not just another Third World country. It's a country which has some very special characteristics, very painful characteristics, a heavy burden. If you look at the map of China here, you will notice that most of the map is brown. In fact, very dark brown. It's a very largely mountainous country. It has very little arable land. You go to China, and you go to about one-quarter of the human race eking out its living from less than 7% of the arable land, and that's a generous definition of the word arable, of the arable land on the planet. That is an extraordinary burden in terms of an obstacle to growth, which most Third World countries do not have to face. In addition to which, as you all probably know, China was compelled after its independence in 1949 not only to have to face the ordinary difficulties of any poor Third World country having to deal with these problems of a world market, and not only its own internal obstacles, but an American embargo and an American blockade, which only ended in this decade. And that occurred at a time when the United States was the powerful economic country in the world. Sometimes that's hard to remember, but that really was once the case, and United States had the power not only to impose this upon China, but to bring its so-called friends and allies into line, and make sure that more or less they did what the United States wanted in many ways in terms of embargo against China. That was an extraordinary obstacle in terms of simply being able to get the things you need to improve the conditions of life for your own people. And then after 1960, the middle of 1960 when the Soviets broke with China, pulled out all their aid, all their technicians, made it very difficult for China to buy petroleum, was getting most of its petroleum from the Soviet Bloc, bad-mouth China in the international financial world as a nation which doesn't pay its debts so that you shouldn't give China wheat on any kinds of terms because they never pay you back and so on. That was an extraordinarily difficult obstacle. And then when they were getting back on their feet again from that you had the situation of the Indochina War, which depending on how you want to calculate, and how you calculate international currencies is a problem. The Chinese, a very poor country with extreme problems which were just hinted at put into the Indochina struggle somewhere between 10 and $20 billion. That was money which could have been spent inside of China. Now, what kind of standard then do you use to answer the question even if we had all the facts right about how well this particular Third World country has done in securing its independence, and winning a prosperous life for its own people, but the Chinese government committed themselves not only to these things, but they committed themselves to doing it in a way in which they were going to put an economic floor under all their people, and they were going to allow their people to have this economic floor for them wherever they lived. They had a deep experience that in the years, the century, in fact, prior to the successful revolution that China had been a nation, which had been ripped apart, uprooted. 40 million people forced to flee abroad. 40 million people at least forced to leave their homes inside of China, and look elsewhere to live inside of China, and at least another 40 million people in that period dying of starvation, and the diseases caused by malnutrition, and the things which come with hunger. And they were committed to allowing their people to return to a rooted existence and to achieve basic dignity, and a floor under them wherever they were going to live. Not an economically rational policy where you would say, hey, if there are no jobs in one part of the country get up and move and go to the cities where there are jobs. They were gonna commit themselves to a very different, and difficult way of doing this 'cause they had a commitment. I think their people had the commitment even stronger than the government, and the government was responding to it to doing this development in this very difficult kind of fashion, which is not necessarily the best way of going ahead for the rapidest kind of straightforward economic development. If you want to get a vision of what China was in 1949 as sort of a baseline for measuring how you're going to judge the success or failure of the government, and the society after 1949 it's easiest to sort of recall to mind some I don't know idiomatic terms in our own language, which tell us I think, a great deal of the truth about China. If you think about China, words which have entered our language are words such as being shanghaied. What does it mean to be shanghaied? It means you were kidnapped off the street, impressed into a ship. Your government couldn't even protect you. There was no way the government could protect you. That's how weak the government was. There were pograms against Chinese in various parts of the world in this previous 100 years, some of them in the United States. The Chinese government could do absolutely nothing against it. Its people could be shanghaied, and then victimized. Coolie labor, coolie labor. It actually means bitter labor, coolie in Chinese, coolie labor. People whose life was so much only a half a step from starvation that they would accept the worst kinds of jobs, the most miserable conditions, anything in order to survive, coolie labor. Not even a Chinaman's chance, which we all know what it means and needs no explanation. Those kinds of phrases part of our language, part of our law it seems to me give us a feeling for really how low this society had fallen when the revolution took power. When they looked around, the new leaders of China, even before they became the leaders of this new China they tried to ask themself, what were the causes of this debacle for their nation, for their people? What would they do after they won power to prevent these things from ever happening again? And as I think as Han Suyin pointed out as they analyzed it, the origins of the problem go back to the Opium War. The Opium War which was a war to force Chinese to buy opium, which the Chinese resisted was treated in the Western world as a heathen pagan act. How dare the Chinese refuse to buy opium? Commerce is civilization. It's the voice of God in progress. The Chinese, what churlish pagans. By the way, I'm quoting from President John Quincy Adams, if you care. The Chinese were churlish pagans for refusing to enter into that commerce, refusing to purchase opium. You should talk to American Congressmen think what they think about drug sales to the United States in contrast these days, but that's the view of the Chinese. They were compelled, and a war was launched against them to force them to buy this. This is how they came to the conclusion eventually that they lived in a robbers' world, that what was called civilization was really a world run by a bunch of crooks. And that even if China wanted, by the way, those are all they're actual terms. This phrase of one of the founders of the Chinese Communist party, Li Dazhao. Excuse me as I go through it I don't give you all the footnotes, but I'm not inventing the language. It was a robbers' world. And even if China want its independence that wouldn't in itself change the robbers' world. Only activity at a global level, a world level would change the robbers' world. China for the sake of its own people, and because it knew what misery was, and it knew what suffering and starvation were, and it was committed to ending the causes which created that was committed not just to its own revolution, but to secure the fruits of its revolution, it had a global vision which entered into its definition of its foreign policy. It had to change the robbers' world. This gave it a view, by the way, that the revolutions that mattered, were the revolutions first and foremost against the robbers' world, which was the world of imperialism. And you had to struggle first against that. That a revolution in their terms was first a good revolution if it was going to weaken the forces of imperialism, and they wanted to be on the side of all peoples as much as they could with their weak economy and so on. And there were other priorities that they had to take care of at home on the side of anti-imperialism. And their view was that that was one of the first definitions of how one should understand the revolution. This is Mao Zedong, who becomes eventually the leader of the revolution. In a speech he made in a town in southeastern China called Hai-Lu-Feng in I think 1926, he said, '25. For half a century there was an unfavorable balance in China's foreign trade, and huge quantities of silver float out of the country. This hastened the bankruptcy of the peasants handicraft industries, and their family sideline economies. Second, the imperialists bought up China's rural agricultural products at depressed prices. By the way, the foreign countries had imposed upon China a treaty which said that you had to sell to the highest bidder. That not to sell to the highest bidder would again be an uncivilized act. Therefore, if you had famine conditions in China so that the poor Chinese couldn't buy something, and now the prices are depressed 'cause you have all that stuff around, and a foreign commercial agent comes in and says, hey, we'll buy that at the penny and a half. And no one there even has a halfpenny, you can't say, hey, no, we'll distribute it to our own people at a halfpenny. You have to sell it to the highest bidder. That was the treaty law which was imposed upon China. The imperialists bought up Chinese rural agricultural products at depressed prices. Thirdly, the burdens of the great amount of farm money borrowed by the Chinese reactionary governments from the imperialists, the interest thereon, and the huge indemnities exacted by the imperialist countries were all borne by the peasants that is what happened. All of these costs, essentially, which you had to pay to the foreign governments, and commercial agents, the powerful people, obviously, were not gonna take it out of their own pocket. They took it essentially out of the pockets of the poorest people creating worse conditions. And so you had a revolution come to power, which its view of foreign policy was to create a government which would deal with that international world that would make sure that the least of them, the poorest of them would be taken care of first. They also came to the conclusion, this is most interesting, that it was indeed a world market, and you couldn't survive on your own, and you would best prosper if you can find mutually beneficial ways of entering into trade. They discovered that I think for at least two reasons. One was in the revolutionary days when they tried to end commerce in the countryside saying that commerce was capitalistic, and, therefore, exploitative, what they found was that suddenly all sorts of products didn't get produced, and didn't appear, and the actual standards of living of people went down. And so they actually took on the policies in the revolutionary days of protecting the market, but imposing fair prices. The second thing they found out in the countryside is the way the enemy tried to destroy them was by blockading and embargoing them, that you needed things that you didn't have in your own area to survive and to prosper, that no nation, or group had all the things it needs, that you have to enter into trade to get what you wanted. And the point was to find some ways of creating mutually beneficial trade relations, to having enough independence that you could secure decent terms for your trade. This is a overture that Mao Zedong made to the United States government on the eve of power just to give you a feeling for what this view looks like. China's greatest postwar need is economic development. She lacks the capitalistic foundation necessary to carry this out alone. Her own living standards are so low that they cannot be further depressed to provide the needed capital. America and China compliment each other economically. They will not compete. China does not have the requirements of a heavy industry of major size. She cannot hope to meet the U.S. and its highly specialized manufacturers. America needs an export market for her heavy industry, and these specialized manufacturers. She also needs an outlet for capital investment. China needs to build up light industries to supply her own market, and raise the living standards of her own people. Eventually, she can supply these goods to other countries in the Far East. To help pay for this foreign trade and investment she has raw materials. America is not only the most suitable country to assist this economic development of China, she is also the only country fully able to participate. For all these reasons, there must not and cannot be any conflict, estrangement, or misunderstanding between the Chinese people and America. Neither the farmer, nor the Chinese people as a whole are ready for socialism. They will not be ready for a long time to come. It will be necessary to go through a long period of private enterprise democratically regulated. To talk of immediate socialism is counter-revolutionary because it is impractical, and attempts to carry it out would be self-defeating. What actually occurred instead was the United States embargo China, blockaded China, forced China to rely essentially upon its own resources, or to become dependent upon the Soviet Union, and China was forced on a very different road. And rather than see anything about what the United States as the dominant economic power had to do with pushing these sort of difficult choices upon the Chinese, we created a different image of the Chinese, which sort of legitimated American intervention in Asia. It especially comes after the Korean War, but the truth is it was there before the Korean War. It's a vision of China as a combination of red menace and yellow peril, what I like to call the orange threat. I don't know if you can see the cartoon, but it's this huge sumo wrestler. You'll have to forget that sumo is a Japanese form. It's this huge sumo wrestler in a little boxing ring. You'll have to forget that sumo was not done in boxing rings, but, anyway, this huge sumo wrestling boxing ring and on the huge sumo wrestler it's China, and it says Asian hordes. And then there's this sweet little guy down here. It says U.S., that's us, cringing before the Asian hordes. And that became the vizier essentially of China. It was an especially monstrous nation. It was enemy number one, it was barbaric, it was crude, it was uncivilized. To say anything semi rational about China was impossible in that kind of an atmosphere. The outsiders perception of China, the American perception of China at that time, I would suggest had close to virtually nothing to do with reality. Close to virtually nothing to do with reality. It was essentially a rationalization of American foreign policy, which in that period, and for another decade and a half to come, was going to be in Asia very military interventionist foreign policy, and, obviously, all countries in the world are defensive, therefore, United States was going to be intervening it must be because there's some dangerous aggressor out there. And the dangerous aggressor was thought to be the Chinese. An absolutely primitive army would be the only way that the Chinese could have gotten here with a bomb would have been swimming across the Pacific Ocean with it strapped to their backs, but that was the image, which dominated American thinking China as this irrational monstrous barbaric nation. Now the sad thing to discover as we go through this is that I would suggest to you that our present image of China is no more accurate than the one back there in the 1950s, that we still paint our images of China, and Chinese foreign policy to suit American dominant purposes in the world. In fact, it forces one to have to be skeptical about so many things that sometimes one doesn't know if there are any facts at all that one is allowed to rely on. Let me just give you the most recent instance of this, which is in the process of surfacing. I don't know if you're aware of it, but for a long time the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency has been telling us that the Soviet Union has a very small proven oil potential. And that very soon it would have to indeed start purchasing petroleum. Now, what really they were saying, I would suggest to you was that the Soviet Union has a major political interest in the Middle East, and, therefore, you better let us, the CIA, get involved there because pretty soon it's gonna become a cold war conflict place with the Soviet Union. Now, American interests are changing. There's a redefinition if the major enemy is what's happening to the dollar, oil prices, OPEC, and so on. So it is now being discovered would you believe it that the Soviets turn out to have an extraordinary amount of untapped petroleum, and they're going to be exporting it for a long time to come so that the reality of the situation is that OPEC better come to some cooperative deals with the United States 'cause otherwise they're gonna find that they have to deal with the Soviets, or with a glut, and better that they should come to terms with us. By the way, I have no idea what the real numbers are, which is the problem that you really have these dominant interests defining reality in such a way that you almost don't even know what the reality of the situation is. Now the reality of the situation for China in the 1950s was increasing dependence upon the Soviet Union, and the Chinese government did not like the consequences of that increasing economic dependence upon the Soviet Union. They sought alternatives to that economic dependence. They sought them first by reaching out to the Third World, the most symbolic moment of which is the famous Bandung Conference in Indonesia. As I had mentioned very much part of China's identification of itself with the cause of Third World nations. They got involved with the cause of the Algerian Revolution, which the Russians refused to touch. The Russians at that time, acting on a big power concern, worried about NATO becoming dominated by a revolutionist Nazi Germany wanted a strong France to balance this revolutionist Nazi Germany to be. And, therefore, didn't want to do anything to weaken France, and, therefore, did not back the revolutionist side in Algeria. At the same time, the Chinese began to reach out to other elements of the world market, to Japan, and Western Europe, and also to the United States. By the middle late 1950s, the Chinese government became persuaded that the United States no longer was dominating the capitalist world. They concluded, especially, after a major recession which begins in the third quarter of 1957, they noticed that Europe and Japan's percentage of industrial exports is rising rapidly. And they come to the conclusion that the United States as a rational economic power, merely acting in its own interest, therefore, will have to drop these wasteful, and expensive efforts against China who have no antagonistic relations with the United States, basically, except the problem in Taiwan. And get on with serious problems, which is the conflict with Western Europe and Japan. So they assumed a world like it to become in which you would see these intra-imperialist conflicts, they would describe it, coming to the fore in which the United States, therefore, and Japan and Western Europe, too, competing with each other would want to make deals with China. In fact, part of their understanding of what was making for detente in the late '50s between the United States, and the Soviet Union, was precisely this view the United States was concluding that it couldn't afford this cold war anymore, this militarized cold war, it had to get onto more serious bases. And the Chinese did not believe, interestingly enough, contrary to a lot of dogmatic Marxists at the time they did not believe that the United States would find salvation by going exploiting poor Third World countries. There was not enough money to be made there. That was not where American investment was going. The game was in the advanced capitalist countries, and the Chinese thought, therefore, based on these growing strange with the United States losing its dominant position, that you would get all sorts of rearrangements in the so-called free world, and there'd be a lot more room for maneuver for the Chinese. And they, therefore, made overtures to all these parties. By the early '60s really the only government which fully responded was France under de Gaulle. This leads to the vision in the United States that de Gaulle is worse than the Communists. In Lyndon Johnson's view of the world Ho Chi Minh was an agent of Charles de Gaulle to defeat American policy in the world, which by the way, whatever its humorous aspect is, it's also an interesting statement that the Chinese were not totally wrong in their description that the American view first came out of its perception of its conflict with its own allies, but what occurs here in this situation for the Chinese is they make all these overtures. They want to break out from this dependence on the Soviets, and the Soviets punished them for it. The Chinese decide they don't want to go down the Soviet road. They do not want to end up like a gray kind of a bureaucratic state. They would like to have a much more vital kind of society, much more egalitarian kind of society. The Soviets say to them, no, if you want aid from us you can't do what you're doing now. You can't change your investment patterns to put more into light industry and agriculture. We know that that would just destroy your country. You have to do your investment patterns the way we do. If you insist on doing it your way, which was anti-socialist, as we know from our experience in the Soviet Union, well, there's no point in our giving you aid, and there's no point in our sending technicians. You're just wasting our valuable money, where we can spend it better elsewhere, essentially threatening the Chinese with the consequences of going down their own route. In that kind of a situation the Chinese fell ever further back on their own resources, launching what is known as the great leap forward, a very heroic, but I would suggest utopian effort were all these kinds of problems they had somehow by a bootstrap operation. It really was impossiblistic. They couldn't do it for a whole host of reasons which there's no time to go in here, led to a tremendous economic crisis inside of China. And his first cause was the human actors who called for the policies, but then intensified by what the Soviet Union acknowledged was one horrendous year of weather. And then by the Soviet pullout, and the things we mentioned before about Soviet oil policy, and financial policy towards China. So as you enter the 1960s, you find China in a deep economic depression, essentially isolated, failing in its efforts of overtures to the United States because the United States increasingly is persuaded that what's really happening in the world, they essentially buy the Moscow line. In many ways in this period one would say the most conservative elements in the American government were dupes of the Soviet Communists. They bought the Moscow line. The Moscow line said the most dangerous country in the world is China. That Washington and Moscow should get together, and beat up on the Chinese. See, the Russians were worried about China for a whole host of reasons. Among others, and not unimportant, they did not like this Chinese independence. Chinese were no military threat to anybody, but it was a response in terms of other Russian imperial interests was that the Russians were acting in terms of these, and they were taking on China as their enemy number one. At the same time as you know, the next year '64 and then '65, the United States begins its escalation, and its large-scale intervention in Indochina, threatening the Chinese that the war might expand into China. So here, a decade and a half after independence is a China trying to recover from a horrendous depression, and economic havoc, with the Soviets moving military forces to the northern borders, and the United States militarily intervening in Vietnam claiming, and it's difficult to remember this, but this is really what the United States claimed that the Vietnamese were really Chinese puppets who were not independent and were just taking Mao's orders. And if we didn't stop the Chinese and Vietnam, Lord knows where the Chinese would go next. And the United States goes into Vietnam to stop this dangerous Chinese threat, which could destabilize the whole Third World because if you didn't stop the Chinese in Vietnam then the Chinese might turn out tomorrow to be in Mexico, or something. What is China going to do in this situation? It led to a tremendous crisis, a real crisis within Chinese foreign policy making circles. How do you handle this problem of the two super powers, both at the same time moving against you, and actually and generally in both camps, both in Moscow and Washington, there were very powerful people who urged a strike against China itself. What do you do in this kind of a situation? Basically, there were only, there were three positions. One position was go it alone, take on both at once that China was the only nation, which could take on both at once. It had been forced to go it alone for a long time. It would have to go it alone. Another position was that the Chinese should lean towards the Soviet Union because the major threat was coming out of Vietnam, the major struggle was in Vietnam. And, therefore, you should make some kind of a tactical alliance with the Soviets on behalf of Vietnam against the United States. Mao Zedong would not permit that. Mao Zedong overruled I think the weight of the politburo of the Chinese Communist party, which was in favor of that policy at that time, on basically the argument that you couldn't cooperate with the Soviet Union, that they were increasingly the number one enemy, that they were the danger to everything in the world, that they were the threat to the kind of society we're trying to build, that everything depended on understanding the Soviets really were a number one enemy. The third policy was overtures to the United States, and the Chinese made overtures to the United States right on the eve of the American large-scale intervention, and escalation in Vietnam. They made them through the French ambassador in Peking who was asked to convey these overtures to the United States, but went back to Paris where de Gaulle said to him, you must be crazy. If we carry an overture, Johnson would see it as some kind of plot to undermine him. He only sees us as an enemy. There's no point of even delivering it. And as far as we can tell, this overture collusion pay the French ambassador to China never was delivered. I believe there were others through Indonesia, through Japan. And one went through the Canadian wheat negotiator, minister of agriculture a gentleman named Alvin Hamilton, who I subsequently wrote to, and asked him if he would tell me about it. Let me just read to you from Hamilton's letter. It was in the conversations that I held with Premier Zhou Enlai of March of '64 that he said that he could not understand why the USA took so long to realize that insofar as regaining lost territories was concerned the People's Republic of China had much greater difficulties with the USSR than with the USA. Taiwan was the only territory that belonged to China, which the USA was interfering with. By contrast, the huge areas along the border of Xinjiang, far western province, were not only much greater in size and resources, but at the struggle there, military forces required much larger effort than in Vietnam. I, with the permission of Zhou Enlai took this message to Senator Fulbright, who was the chair of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee then, and some members of the Foreign Relations Committee of the Senate in early January '65. The message was accompanied with an invitation from Zhou Enlai to visit China, and get the statement from him directly. An invitation, which you are all aware, Kissinger would finally accept six years later. There were other matters passed along to the informal meeting of the Senate Committee. Re: The neutrality or friendship of nations on China's borders. China always has had an interest of the neutral Southeast Asia, how the Taiwan question could be settled, et cetera. Now, sending the message through Senator Fulbright was probably even a little bit worse than sending the message through de Gaulle. I mean, if Johnson had a vision of the beast in the United States, it was Senator Fulbright who raised questions about Johnson's Vietnam policy. And so these Chinese overtures went nowhere. The United States gets involved in Vietnam. The Chinese on their own do what they can for the Vietnamese effort. There was a talk on this today, so I won't go into it in any depth. And the United States finds out very interestingly, over a period of time of the Vietnam War that although the Chinese back the Vietnamese in this war against the American intervention of Vietnam that really on a whole host of other issues there really is no great conflict of interest with the Chinese, and they're able increasingly to talk with the Chinese. And the Chinese, the way it got expressed, and since the Chinese were once this great threat the view became that the Chinese had now turned into doves. In fact, there are articles written on how the Mao faction in China is the dove faction. They used to be the monster and now they're doves. This was summed up in a cartoon, which I have here, which shows Kissinger on his first visit to Peking. I don't know if you can see it. And he's looking over a pit. It's no longer a boxing ring. It's a pit and in the pit are Chinese, and they're bashing each other to death. You see, they're really struggling with each other. They're caring about their own society, and they're doing it with clubs and pitchforks. They're no threat to anybody. They're only a threat to themselves, and Mao and Zhou Enlai here are looking over the pit where the Chinese are clubbing each other to death. And in the little racist language Zhou Enlai turns to Kissinger and says, ah, Mr. Kissinger, what a coincidence. Our party leaders are just debating the pros and cons of a new American policy. Well, again, whatever the reality of the situation I don't think there was very much reality here at all. The point was that China was no longer a threat. The United States, therefore, could experience China as a nation that one could begin to deal with. There was an important moment which occurs just before that opening to China in 1971, which comes after the Russian invasion of Czechoslovakia in '68. And I feel, I must say a word about that. That was a very important act because the Soviets not only invaded Czechoslovakia, which the Chinese condemned, which Hanoi applauded, which Havana applauded. Fidel Castro saying to his everliving discredit, freedom is only a matter of the length of your hair. The Chinese not only opposed, while these other countries applauded it, but at the same time the Russians legitimated that intervention by saying that anytime a nation left the socialist commonwealth, and, therefore, threatened to join the camp of imperialism, the Soviets had the right, indeed it was their obligation to the liberation of the human race to set that country right, and to save it as they had just done Czechoslovakia from being overtaken by imperialism to maintain its position within the socialist commonwealth. It was a direct threat to China, and the Chinese experienced it as such. I do think it increased their worry about not only the Russians as a great threat, but also nations which threw themselves on the side of the Soviet Union at that time in a sense that all nation states, if you have such direct military threats that you worry about put that very high on your agenda, Mao put that very high on his agenda. And it is precisely at that time that Mao embraces, and begins to embrace any anti-Soviet forces that he can find anywhere in the world from Haile Selassie to the Greek military junta. Okay. Then comes the U.S. opening to China. And with that U.S. opening to China, also came China's final opportunity to do the things that Mao had wanted to do from the very beginning to take advantage of the world market, to get things that the Chinese needed, and had long been denied to improve the conditions of their own people. And the Chinese entered the world market in '72 to '74 in a large manner. And then certain things occur in the world market, which hurt the Chinese badly. There's the huge rise in oil prices. The huge rise in oil prices for China at that time meant a huge rise in fertilizer prices. And since they were in the process of a great commitment to a green revolution, which depended on a lot of fertilizer meant they were committed to a large financial outlay for fertilizer products. It also meant that China now would have to pay back the plants they had bought in '72 to '74 including, by the way, 16 large fertilizer factories so they wouldn't have to always be dependent on buying it at the source so they could manufacture it themselves at a time in which they grew a recession in the industrialized capitalist world, meaning that the industrialized capitalist world cut back on buying things from China so that China could sell things to pay back what it had just purchased, or how to sell things at lower prices. There was a tremendous economic crisis in China in '74 to '76, which was, I think enhanced by some very bad internal domestic economic policy at that time, which we won't go into. And '74 to '76 was a very difficult period inside of China. One of the easiest ways to see where the Chinese revolution stood at this point in terms of helping its people is to notice how vulnerable they were in '74 to what was happening, for example, in the world food markets. It used to be said up to that time that the Chinese were very shrewd dealers in the world market, that they sold rice and bought wheat. Rice earned them more foreign exchange, wheat was cheaper. They, therefore, had foreign exchange that they could spend on other items. Their truth was the hidden truth was that they couldn't help but import wheat, that they had tremendous problems in the wheat growing regions. They had never developed a sufficient infrastructure to take care of water problems, transportation problems, that it was cheaper to purchase the wheat. Because of their own internal infrastructural difficulties caused in no small part by a policy of self-reliance, which really meant not investing in the infrastructure that you needed to take care of distribution at home. So that as you all know, in '74 when wheat prices skyrocket after the Russian purchases, China finds itself having to buy high priced wheat instead of low priced wheat, and they can't get out of it. They are caught in a world market. And one of the things that one learns in that, one hopes one learns, is the dangers for Third World countries, which do not have easy export situations of non-conservative policies in dealing with the world market. Well, we also saw in the period '74 to '76 contrary to lots of views, which were around about China before then, was that because of this doctrine of self-reliance, and this non-investment in infrastructure there was a great deal more malnutrition, and maldistribution in China. There was a waste for wholesalers of other domestic policies of technical intellectuals. That one of the actual consequences of the policy of self-reliance, which in large part became a rationalization of having been excluded from the world market for so long was tendencies towards polarization and economic stagnation in many poor areas, rural areas of China. You just think of something as simple as milk. How do you get milk out to kids in their early years in the poor countryside? By the way, they also had a tremendous protein problem because of a failure in soybeans, but how do you get milk out there unless you do something about refrigeration, storage, transport, and so on. They're trying to deal with these problems now, but I think there were a great many more of these kinds of difficulties than were obvious at the time. In 1976, the people who were committed in the extreme to these policies of self-reliance rationalized the forced exclusion from the world market, and who brought on some of these difficulties to China lost power. In the first rash of liberation from the way of these people China committed itself to what seems to me to be some very dangerous policies in which it didn't understand the lessons of its own path. For example, the Chinese joke about it this way today, and so it's said in exaggerated form, but it really is an exaggeration, which the truth. They say the minister in the Department Of International Trade who was responsible for buying foreign plants in one month signed contracts to purchase 26 plants. Then if you ask, why did he purchase 26 plants? He said, \"Well, he purchased one plant a day, and he couldn't purchase 30 because he didn't work on Sundays.\" They canceled 24 of those contracts, and they've begun to return to more conservative, and sensible international purchase policies. Nonetheless, the dominant image in the United States today of China is this one. It's China as a Coca-Cola cornucopia. By the way, the reality is some of you probably know is that Coca-Cola is sold in China only in tourist hotels, and other similar places and only for foreign exchange. You might argue that it's unfair to the Chinese people they can't buy it, but the truth is they can't buy it rather than it being a Coca-Cola cornucopia. And as I say, the images have absolutely nothing to do with the reality no more today than in the past. Anyway, this cartoon shows a political slogan going down in Peking, and a sign for Coca-Cola going up. And one Chinese looking at it says to the other. another bulletin from Peking, and this time it looks like some real bad news for the hardliners. As I say, having again, not as much to do with reality as any of the previous visions of China. What's interesting at the same time is that China continues its total identification with Third World countries, sides with new international economic order issues with the Third World country down the line. Basically, the only fundamental change in Chinese foreign policy that has occurred has been an openness to the Soviet Union, willingness to come to terms with Angola, India, the Soviet Union itself, European Communist parties, which have previously been denounced as Soviet tools, and the like, that that ideological fixation I think of Mao's, which led to all sorts of, in my opinion, I'll say it politely not very wise policies of the past, and not very nice policies either are being pushed behind them as fast as they can possibly do it. The other policy is again not something which they wisely can do, but which is something which is imposed upon them by who they are, and this particular moment in the world market. The most interesting thing that is happening is that Japan is very worried about what's happening in international finance and international economics. The dollar may collapse. United States can no longer guarantee Japan cheap deliveries of oil. Japan has to worry as a country, which lacks raw materials, which lacks energy of buying an insurance policy. And increasingly the Japanese look to China as an insurance policy. The result of which is the Chinese are able to get very good terms in their deals with Japan, not because the Chinese are the shrewdest traders in the world. They're really folk just like you and me, but because of this change in the world market situation, in which China which happens to have the largest coal reserves in the world, and untapped petroleum reserves, and in Japan interested in this insurance cushion is willing to make all sorts of deals with the Chinese. It opens up for China it seems to me all sorts of possibilities of benefiting for the world market, which in previous moments because of who the dominant forces were in the world market were denied to China, it allows it, therefore, to begin to earn the resources as it now wants very much to do to carry out the redistribution, to end some of this maldistribution in the rural areas, and to raise the countryside, especially, its poorest parts. The truth of the matter is then that China never was an Asian behemoth any more than it's today a Coca-Cola cornucopia. It's a poor Third World country committed at home to some very decent goals. It's been bedeviled by its own obstacles of all those mountains, and all that people, and that very little land, blockade, embargo, and some false starts at home. It's struggling within that world market, and within its own heritage and within its own resources. The story is not finished. There is no Hollywood ending. All there really is, is a continuation of that effort of the beginning to try to deal with the world in a way which will win, shine its independence, and secure for its own people, prosperity and equality. Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45465/file/118423#t=0.0,3328.752"}]}]}]}