{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/s46h12w10w/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Sweezy, Paul M., The Future of Capitalism"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV203962 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["The Future of Capitalism is a November 7, 1990 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring Paul Sweezy. Paul Sweezy asserts that capitalism cannot continue to grow indefinitely and that eventually the world economy will enter a sustained period of stagnation.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. (accessibility)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Local Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["Lectures_AV203962"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["Per request by the creator, access to this item is restricted to scholarly use only. (access)","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."]}},{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["The Future of Capitalism. Iowa State University Lecture Series (RS 8/6/53). Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Ark"]},"value":{"en":["https://n2t.net/ark:/87292/w9hx15w49"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1990-11-07"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["lectures","Sound"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Sweezy, Paul M. (Paul Marlor), 1910-2004 (speaker)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1/4 inch audio cassette"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Capitalism","Economic history","Business cycles","Economic development"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Committee on Lectures records (RS 8/6/53) (physical collection)","Iowa State Lectures Series (digital collection)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["The Future of Capitalism is a November 7, 1990 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring Paul Sweezy. Paul Sweezy asserts that capitalism cannot continue to grow indefinitely and that eventually the world economy will enter a sustained period of stagnation.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines."]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["Per request by the creator, access to this item is restricted to scholarly use only.","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Iowa State University"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Iowa State University"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/115/564/small/lecture.png?1622140794","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 2 - 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[Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Pretty much Mr. Chairman, I liked that introduction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=5.209,9.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think to be warned that Marxism is not a monolithic unity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=9.32,14.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a very salutary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=17.59,20.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are indeed many different tendencies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=20.06,24.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and varieties of Marxism, and that's a good thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=24.34,29.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although, naturally, representing one tendency,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=31.21,35.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think all the others are as good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=36.76,38.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But that's a different matter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=38.57,41.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughs)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=41.093,43.926"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My subject tonight, the future of capitalism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=46.46,51.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I suppose after the events of the past year,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=53.769,57.157"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they can be very little doubt, that the foreseeable future,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=59.33,64.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which could be taken to mean something like the next four","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=66.0,70.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or five decades.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=74.11,75.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Beyond that, it's not much use trying to foresee.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=76.39,79.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And certainly, well into the 21st century,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=85.15,89.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the future belongs to capitalism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=89.93,93.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Such a perspective is relatively new.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=95.58,98.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For most of this century,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=100.36,102.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was by no means clear that capitalism would 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century.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=110.01,113.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Russian Revolution of 1917, and the Chinese of 1949.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=113.49,118.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Each preceded, and in a real sense,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=120.03,122.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"caused by a devastating World War.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=122.43,125.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Took approximately a third of the world's population","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=126.41,129.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and territory out of the capitalist system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=129.55,132.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The leaders of these revolutions had every intention,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=134.04,137.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of creating a new social system along lines, Adam braided,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=137.06,142.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but never elaborated by Karl Marx, in the 19th century.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=142.36,146.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For reasons, which we obviously,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=147.91,150.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"haven't got time to go into here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=150.46,152.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These intentions were not realized.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=154.42,157.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The socialist society envisaged by Marx,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=157.23,161.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a worker's democracy and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=161.24,164.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"none of the post-revolutionary countries of the 20th 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existed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=231.52,235.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was bound to win in the long run, as it happened.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=236.24,241.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The long run ended in 1990.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=241.29,243.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, I guess this background, the importance of our subject,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=245.81,250.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the future of capitalism is self-evident.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=251.17,253.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are those, very vocal these days,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=255.37,258.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who believe that capitalism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=258.55,260.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"having outlasted its revolutionary arrival,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=260.88,265.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will have plain sailing from now on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=265.07,267.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that history tells a very different story.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=268.743,271.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As a going concern, capitalism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=272.6,275.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can be traced back some 500 years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=275.67,280.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the time when the new world,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=280.72,282.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was opened up for exploitation by the maritime explorers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=282.55,287.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"freebooters and traders of Western Europe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=287.71,290.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Next year, as you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=291.8,294.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're going to celebrate the 500 anniversary,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=294.0,297.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the most famous of those freebooters, and exploiters,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=297.49,302.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and criminals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=303.58,305.149"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughs)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=305.149,305.982"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Christopher Columbus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=305.982,307.032"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wanna find my place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=316.795,318.544"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience 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trading","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=324.677,329.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and financial economy we know today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=329.4,331.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But at no time, in the course of this 500 year history,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=333.32,337.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was there anything even approaching plane sailing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=337.1,340.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The reasons for this are clear,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=341.337,343.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"capitalism by its very nature is extremely dynamic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=344.22,347.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and expansionist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=347.89,350.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is loaded with contradictions and conflicts,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=350.1,353.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both within itself, class antagonisms,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=353.89,357.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a whole bunch of other types of antagonisms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=362.085,365.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And also in relation to it's pre-capitalist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=365.87,368.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or non-capitalist environments.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=368.98,371.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wars of conquest and (indistinct) wars for supremacy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=372.37,377.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These conflicts take many forms, including economic crises","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=380.69,385.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and wars, both small and large.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=386.83,388.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The 20th century, that is the recent past, excuse me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=390.351,394.617"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has experienced three particularly 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1930s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=403.15,408.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the second World War.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=408.69,410.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What reason is there to belief,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=411.71,413.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the leopard has changed its spots?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=413.143,416.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"With 500 turbulence and the crisis ridden years?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=416.36,420.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, now all of a sudden, give way to a prolonged period","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=420.24,424.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of economic progress and international peace.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=424.53,427.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Last year at this time, very recently, in other words,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=430.34,435.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just such a perspective,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=435.44,437.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seemed entirely reasonable to many people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=437.01,439.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The cold war was over, so it was thought,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=441.01,445.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the economic expansion that began back in 1983,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=446.5,450.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was in a record-breaking eighth year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=450.89,453.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The end of history, at least, the bad old history,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=455.01,458.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the last half millennium had arrived.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=458.56,461.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A new era of sustained peace and prosperity was dawn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=462.71,466.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At last, for illusions, now only a year later,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=468.799,472.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a recession is underway, which is all,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=475.06,477.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but unanimously expected to be the most serious,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=477.21,480.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since the second World War.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=480.86,483.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And which a growing minority believes will 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year,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=502.92,506.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would be hard to imagine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=506.85,508.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, I think we are safe,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=510.46,511.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in dropping the idea of a new capitalist era of peace","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=511.78,516.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and 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incomes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=620.52,624.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and many are habitually in debt from consuming even more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=624.21,629.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When the system is working 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century,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=829.3,834.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or more precisely,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=834.15,835.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the century between the end of the Napoleonic Wars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=835.45,838.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and World War I, that is 1814 to 1914.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=840.01,844.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For all its troubles and faults, the system was a 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workers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=862.04,867.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and unemployed in the advanced countries themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=870.32,874.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Always, capitalism was a 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I,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=893.79,897.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and its aftermath in the 1920s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=897.26,900.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But there the respite was short 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War.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=965.76,969.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the transition from stagnation to full employment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=969.26,974.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and full capacity projection,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=975.46,977.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was brought about by not the logic of capitalism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=977.82,982.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but by an external factor of the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=982.17,985.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In spite of this astonishing performance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=987.7,990.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the U S economy during the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=990.69,993.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The predominant view at the time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=994.01,996.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was that when the war was over, the situation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=996.3,1001.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would revert to something like the stagnation of the phase.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1001.96,1005.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This of course, did not happen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1007.46,1009.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it is important, very important,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1011.08,1013.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to understand why it did not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1013.85,1015.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know all the answers, I don't think anybody does.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1017.13,1022.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The problem is a very complicated one, and to my knowledge,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1022.29,1025.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"no systematic study has ever been devoted to it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1025.71,1028.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can only give you my own impressions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1030.03,1032.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as one who lived through the period,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1032.33,1035.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and was deeply interested in the events as they transpired.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1035.21,1039.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The most important factor I think, was that World War II,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1041.41,1045.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"never really ended, as early wars had ended.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1045.9,1050.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The settlements and peace treaties,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1050.34,1052.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and general demobilization of armies and navies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1052.6,1055.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World War II, just gradually merged into the cold war,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1057.4,1062.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which in reality included two major regional wars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1062.98,1067.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and many smaller ones.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1067.6,1069.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were other factors sustaining the capitalist system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1070.64,1073.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the post World War II period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1073.66,1076.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I am convinced, that taken all 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expansion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1085.84,1088.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"any more than the recovery after the first World War,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1088.85,1093.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"succeeded in a prolonging the expansion of that period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1097.02,1102.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It started about 19th or 20th,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1104.57,1106.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it collapsed into the great depression,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1108.278,1113.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"barely 10 years later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1114.66,1117.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that the decisive role, after the second World 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War,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1131.86,1135.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was the institution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1136.61,1140.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of what has aptly been called a permanent war economy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1141.84,1146.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That started in the late 1940s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1152.09,1155.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's still with us in the 1990s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1155.37,1157.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But even the permanent war economy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1160.1,1162.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could not starve off stagnation forever.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1162.1,1164.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It began to creep back,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1166.089,1168.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a winding down of the Vietnam War,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1168.12,1170.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the early 70s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1170.78,1172.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And became much more marked by the end of the decade.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1172.98,1177.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As some of you here will remember,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1177.01,1179.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the decade of the 70s ended in a phenomenon,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1181.02,1185.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was new at the time, often described as stagflation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1185.62,1190.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A combination of stagnation and inflation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1191.29,1194.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This set the stage for the Reagan administration's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1199.31,1202.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"deliberate policy of stepping up the cold 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upturn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1212.79,1217.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And ensuing record breaking expansion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1217.19,1220.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's eight years long.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1220.89,1223.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Peace time expansion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1223.18,1224.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was entirely dependent on a vast armament buildup,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1224.87,1229.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"financed by deficits of a magnitude never incurred before,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1229.19,1234.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"except in an all out war situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1234.39,1237.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And now, we know that even this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1239.33,1244.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was not enough to starve off a recession.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1246.08,1249.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which threatens to snowball,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1250.19,1251.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into the full-fledged depression since the 1930s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1251.93,1255.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This record of stagnation recurring, is I think,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1257.44,1262.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what we need most to internalize, to understand,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1263.6,1267.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"prosperity is no longer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1270.06,1272.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as it was considered to be a hundred years ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1272.83,1276.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The normal stay of a capitalist economy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1276.79,1280.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the normal stay is stagnation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1280.37,1283.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is, the operation of the economy at a level far below,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1283.9,1288.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"its potential.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1291.61,1292.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I already mentioned the performance of World War II,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1293.82,1298.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the striking proof of how far that margin,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1301.56,1306.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between potential","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1309.63,1311.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and realization actually becomes in a period of stagnation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1311.3,1315.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I believe that a similar situation exists today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1317.04,1322.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In that, a full utilization of our country's resources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1323.51,1328.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"manpower, womanpower and natural resources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1332.38,1337.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and capital equipment, would, in my opinion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1337.87,1342.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"easily lead to an increase in the gross national product","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1343.62,1347.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of something like 50%, which would be $150 billion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1347.63,1352.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what you could do with $150 billion?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1354.42,1356.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course, you can imagine yourself,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1357.38,1359.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's annually, you know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1361.09,1362.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Even, you know, in the face of that obvious,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1364.3,1368.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it's really obvious.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1368.08,1369.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, if we had a World War like the second World War,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1369.59,1374.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now, it would be possible to expand production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1375.77,1380.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on that order of magnitude.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1380.2,1382.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we don't do it, that's the way capitalism operates.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1383.9,1388.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's fundamentally,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1389.88,1392.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"incapable of utilizing the resources at its disposal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1394.896,1399.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although, given that restriction, of course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1399.72,1402.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it is a very productive, potentially productive system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1402.92,1407.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, what does all this tell us about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1411.97,1414.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the future of capitalism?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1414.49,1415.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First, I think it tells us,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1418.25,1420.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the crisis we are now entering is deeper","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1421.89,1424.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and more threatening, than any that has faced the country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1424.64,1428.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since the early 1930s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1428.75,1430.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Second, it tells us,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1432.7,1434.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the way we got out of that earlier crisis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1434.94,1439.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the war, the second World War,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1439.15,1441.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"followed by the permanent war economy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1441.68,1444.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is no longer an available option.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1444.51,1447.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It has exhausted its potential.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1448.64,1450.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another World War,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1451.94,1453.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"quite apart from its effect on economic expansion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1453.89,1458.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would most likely,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1459.2,1460.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bring the end of civilization as we know it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1460.35,1463.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's not an sensible option, for any ruling class to take,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1464.63,1469.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if it understands, and I think it does understand,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1470.69,1474.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the limits of a military enterprise nowadays.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1474.48,1479.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"From now on, more war can only make matters worse.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1482.11,1486.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's not necessarily true, with small wars, of course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1486.97,1489.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I mean more massive war on a scale,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1489.67,1493.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which would bring the utilization of resources","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1493.94,1497.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up towards its potential.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1499.96,1501.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, here we have to ask a question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1503.37,1505.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a lot of people think they have the answer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1506.07,1509.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that is, is there a reasonable hope of rescue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1514.785,1518.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through an old fashioned capitalist boom,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1518.97,1522.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"powered by fundamental","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1522.41,1525.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and earth shaking technological innovation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1525.71,1529.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or a set of innovations, comparable to the 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industry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1582.7,1586.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"never absorbed anything like the capital investment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1586.3,1589.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the railroads 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existed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1606.17,1610.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But with the coming of the automobile,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1610.9,1613.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"every city in the country were surrounded by suburbs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1613.32,1617.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to which the overflow population tended to go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1619.33,1624.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And much of the urban population in the center,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1624.31,1628.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the urban centers spread out into the suburbs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1628.18,1631.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That also was responsible for enormous secondary investments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1631.62,1636.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in housing, in office building, in malls, in roads,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1637.41,1642.147"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so on and so 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expansion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1651.3,1656.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the 19th and early 20th century.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1658.84,1661.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is there anything like that on the horizon now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1662.87,1667.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is there anything that could conceivably,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1667.21,1670.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have a similar effect, pulling this present society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1670.91,1675.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or economy out of its doldrums,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1678.45,1682.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out of its mire of stagnation?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1682.46,1685.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the answer I think, is very clearly no.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1687.23,1689.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the reason is not that there 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is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1694.67,1698.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's perhaps,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1698.14,1699.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"more than it has ever been before In history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1699.0,1702.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The electronic revolution, the information revolution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1705.12,1709.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the biological revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1712.44,1714.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You hear about all of them every day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1714.07,1717.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And roll them all up into one,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1717.51,1719.353"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they don't take much capital.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1720.58,1722.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's very, very, striking difference,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1723.88,1728.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between the present","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1729.43,1730.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the past scientific technological eras of capitalism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1730.71,1735.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As a matter of fact, as plants wear out, and are amortized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1737.46,1742.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and funds become available for replacement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1748.63,1752.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nowadays, the replacement often, is of a kind,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1752.8,1757.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which uses much less capital in the plant,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1758.17,1762.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than the ones that have been replaced.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1762.3,1765.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because, automation improved productivity and so 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on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1777.34,1781.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the whole thrust of the newer revolutions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1782.75,1787.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"technological and scientific revolutions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1790.57,1793.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is probably capital saving rather than capital using.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1794.79,1799.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1800.8,1801.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"totally the opposite of the great innovations of the past.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1801.89,1806.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As a matter of fact,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1806.55,1807.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the most capital using of creating,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1809.3,1812.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"innovation of the last 50 years or so,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1816.04,1820.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"probably, you'd never think of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1820.23,1823.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's air conditioning, because that made it possible","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1824.56,1828.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to open up the South and the Southwest,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1828.73,1832.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a huge increase in population, which meant new cities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1832.02,1837.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"new towns, new office buildings, new factories.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1839.55,1844.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A whole new geographical distribution of the population","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1844.7,1848.627"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and of economic activity dependent on air conditioning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1848.627,1852.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, air conditioning in and of itself,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1852.27,1854.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is not a big user of capital, of course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1854.93,1858.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the newer electronically, the computers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1858.16,1862.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the automation, all that kind of information","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1862.27,1867.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and biological new processes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1869.47,1874.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that doesn't have any such secondary consequences.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1875.85,1880.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there's no reason whatever to suppose.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1882.38,1885.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We know this, not from pure theory,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1885.4,1887.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we know it because that series of revolutions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1887.91,1892.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been in process now for 30, 40 years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1892.28,1896.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it hasn't created any great capital investment booms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1896.27,1900.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Matter of fact, the situation in this country today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1905.7,1910.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is very paradoxical in one sense.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1911.04,1913.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"More capital investment now, is going into financial assets,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1915.9,1920.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"computers for finance, office buildings,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1927.6,1931.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"things of that sort, than in manufacturing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1931.56,1934.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Manufacturing does not absorb capital","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1935.49,1940.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and require investment, which is what capitalism needs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1940.45,1943.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in order to buy its own logic to expand properly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1943.66,1947.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we just can't count on anything like that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1949.75,1954.556"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's no nobody has come up with even an imagined","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1954.556,1959.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"innovation today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1959.51,1961.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which would take the place of the railroad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1961.48,1966.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Before the railroad, the steam engine of course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1966.25,1968.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was of enormous importance in relocating economic activity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1970.824,1975.824"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and changing its nature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1977.18,1978.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Consequently, secondary and tertiary investment waves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1980.27,1984.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the railroad in the 19th century,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1985.75,1988.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the automobile in the early 20th century.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1988.06,1991.351"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are all things, that nobody can even imagine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1991.351,1996.351"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what would be replicating factor today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=1997.54,2001.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At least I can't, and I haven't seen anybody yet who can.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2001.07,2005.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe, it'll happen, I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2005.42,2008.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But that's a pretty weak we need to lean on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2008.047,2011.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, if it's not possible that we should be saved now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2017.29,2022.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by either war, massive war or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2024.58,2027.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by a massive wave of investment and technological","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2027.85,2032.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and scientific advances.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2033.63,2036.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then, where do we stand?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2037.7,2041.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me just sum up,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2045.37,2046.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the essence of the argument I've been trying to put forward","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2049.89,2053.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up to this point, as a capitalist economy matures,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2053.79,2058.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it generates an increasingly strong tendency to stagnation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2061.21,2065.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Since the 1930s, this tendency has been kept at bay,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2067.94,2072.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"contained, counteracted by World War II,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2073.63,2077.817"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the subsequent permanent war economy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2077.817,2081.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The latter is now losing its effectiveness","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2082.49,2085.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and continued reliance on it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2086.06,2088.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will almost certainly be counter productive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2088.48,2090.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No salvation, can be expected,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2092.93,2095.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from a technologically based investments explosion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2095.18,2098.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have therefore, reached what is in effect a dead end.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2100.68,2104.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, and this is the big but,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2106.85,2109.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this does not mean that capitalism is going to collapse","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2109.31,2112.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or disappear.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2112.17,2113.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Social systems don't do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2114.81,2117.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They hang on until they're overthrown and throughout history","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2117.02,2122.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"many deeply stagnant societies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2122.52,2125.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have survived for long periods, often for centuries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2125.08,2128.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it can certainly happen again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2130.15,2131.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nor, does it mean that capitalism is in any imminent danger","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2133.64,2137.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of being overthrown.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2137.12,2138.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not at any rate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2142.77,2143.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in it's industrially developed metropolitan centers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2143.84,2148.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like the countries of the OECD.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2149.83,2153.964"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The organization of Economic Co-operation and Development.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2153.964,2158.964"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The club of 21 advanced capitalist countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2159.32,2164.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's no likelihood, no sign of any significant,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2164.2,2169.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"revolutionary movements, capable of overthrowing capitalism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2170.81,2175.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in its best terms of strength.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2175.17,2177.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's not true of the third world,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2177.73,2180.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not true of many of the poorer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2180.34,2184.177"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"underdeveloped countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2185.48,2186.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where revolutions do occur from time to time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2187.82,2192.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there's no saying that they can't at some succeed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2192.28,2197.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Matter of fact, it's conceivable,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2197.41,2201.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that some of these underdeveloped countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2204.07,2209.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will have a revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2211.26,2212.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's say India, Brazil, which so big","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2212.63,2216.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so difficult to control.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2216.91,2219.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That the advanced capitalist countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2219.05,2221.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will not be able to intervene,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2221.86,2224.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and prevent them from achieving","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2224.44,2227.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a revolutionary solution to their problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2227.59,2231.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't say it's likely in any near future,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2231.51,2233.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's not inconceivable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2233.81,2235.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, I think it is inconceivable for a long time to come","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2235.8,2239.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there should be revolutions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2239.97,2242.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the advanced countries themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2242.17,2244.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, I'm not gonna give you an answers to what happens","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2249.4,2254.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if we have a period of prolonged stagnation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2255.57,2259.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"deepening stagnation, which is what I think is most likely.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2259.78,2264.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe there will be another World War,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2266.38,2268.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe they'll have a fling at it and see if it works.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2268.56,2271.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think it'll work next time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2271.28,2273.482"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughs)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2273.482,2274.315"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that could be the end.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2274.315,2275.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I don't think that is likely, I think probably,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2276.83,2280.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they'll have to endure the chronic crisis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2280.12,2284.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than flee forward in such a crazy way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2284.24,2289.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although, what's happening in the gulf right now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2290.22,2292.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"leaves me once in awhile to wonder","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2293.55,2295.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether it makes any sense,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2295.13,2297.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to attribute any rationality to what's going on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2297.03,2300.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what will be going on as the situation deteriorates.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2300.96,2304.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know what the consequences of a prolonged period,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2311.21,2316.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decade long period of stagnation will be.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2317.06,2321.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can envisage it's being very devastating,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2321.5,2325.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what's already happening in this country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2325.66,2328.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the kind of stagnation we've had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2330.16,2332.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the last three decades.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2332.35,2334.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The deterioration of our infrastructure,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2334.98,2337.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the rotten of the inner cities, the social pathologies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2337.8,2342.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are growing up all around us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2344.96,2348.101"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And which seemed to have no solution, whatever.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2348.101,2352.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know what the continuation of that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2352.29,2355.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kind of situation may imply.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2355.01,2359.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Certainly, nothing good, but that seems to me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2361.82,2366.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm sorry to say, to be the realistic prospect,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2368.39,2371.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what we have to look forward to.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2373.39,2375.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If that's true, I would say, it's time that more of us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2375.71,2380.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"should begin to think seriously,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2382.58,2385.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about questioning the logic of capitalism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2385.96,2390.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Whether you have to have these huge external impacts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2390.1,2395.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or these huge explosions internally of investment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2395.3,2398.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in order to keep an economy going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2398.84,2401.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Manifestly, you don't, on paper,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2401.72,2404.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's easy enough to devise a system in which","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2406.74,2411.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"infinite growth is absolutely not necessary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2412.72,2417.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And which resources can be deployed in such a way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2418.42,2423.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as to raise standards of the living,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2423.55,2426.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"standards of living for the mass of the people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2426.16,2431.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which would require an enormous amount","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2432.1,2434.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of utilization of resources, it could.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2434.12,2436.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I always would enable us to do some other things,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2437.94,2440.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like environmental checking, environmental deterioration,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2440.66,2445.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"building up the environment again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2447.67,2449.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which if capitalism last long enough, of course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2449.78,2452.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you're going to do us all on to anyway.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2452.54,2454.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because, I don't know any serious person,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2454.89,2456.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who thinks that capitalism as it functions today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2456.88,2460.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can do anything, in let's say, 100 or 200 years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2460.09,2463.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but destroy the environment which civilized life","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2463.9,2467.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"needs to exist on this earth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2467.9,2470.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the meantime, we just don't know what forms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2471.1,2476.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this deterioration is going to take.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2481.44,2483.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, we don't know how long it's gonna take.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2483.95,2488.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we're going to have to, I think, think seriously,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2490.27,2493.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about whether there are other ways out of the dilemma,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2493.64,2498.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which can be beneficial all around.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2500.06,2502.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, since the theme of this conference is Eastern Europe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2503.36,2507.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the world in transition, I suppose,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2507.33,2511.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I should conclude by a few remarks on the prospects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2511.21,2515.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Eastern European countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2515.23,2517.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That are now looking forward,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2518.65,2520.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to joining the global capitalist system,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2520.09,2522.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a remedy for their troubles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2522.56,2525.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It seems very ironical,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2526.92,2528.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that a system that is some ways terrible shape,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2528.48,2533.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like capitalism should be looked to as worth joining.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2534.02,2538.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think that the experience will show,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2540.67,2545.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it is not worth joining.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2547.01,2548.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That the prospect, the countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2549.76,2554.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which like Eastern Europe and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2559.52,2562.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"apparently now including the Soviet Union, not China as yet,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2562.78,2567.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but maybe China to come, the prospects of those countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2567.88,2572.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If they try to join the world capitalist system,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2572.1,2574.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as they seem determined to do, will be a disaster for them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2574.72,2579.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We know what happens to weak countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2582.29,2586.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a capitalist system, dominated by strong countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2586.29,2591.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We can see it all through the third world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2591.04,2593.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We know what it's like in Africa and Latin America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2593.01,2597.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would say quite simply,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2597.62,2599.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you want to know what's going to happen to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2599.06,2601.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"capitalist Poland, and capitalist Hungary,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2601.45,2603.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a capitalist Czechoslovakia, have a look at Mexico,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2603.68,2608.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have a look at Latin America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2608.04,2609.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where the unemployment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2610.71,2612.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is upwards of 30, 40, 50% of the labor force.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2612.28,2617.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where the pollution is even worse than it was in the quotes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2617.19,2621.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so-called, socialist period in Eastern Europe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2621.77,2625.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And where standards of living in the last decade","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2626.1,2630.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have been going down steadily.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2630.32,2632.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Real wages have probably","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2632.37,2633.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lost half their purchasing power in that period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2633.87,2636.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's what's in store for any weak country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2636.61,2640.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they're all very weak, the Eastern European countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2640.06,2644.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that joins the capitalist system,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2644.39,2646.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and opens it up to the exploitation of capital.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2646.18,2649.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course, you can't tell the people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2651.61,2654.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they are particularly the experts, the social scientists,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2654.17,2659.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the economist, who are so gung-ho,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2659.66,2663.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to get going with capitalism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2663.45,2665.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and see it as their personal savior.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2665.29,2668.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Even if they have never thought through the problem","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2668.88,2671.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for what it means for that countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2671.55,2673.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You can't tell them, they'll have to learn the hard way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2674.47,2677.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think they will learn the hard way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2677.81,2680.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"much more rapidly than now seems likely.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2680.54,2684.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There already plenty of indications,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2684.97,2687.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that that's going to happen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=2687.03,2688.513"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27253/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/253/original/AV203962_The_Future_of_Capitalism_a.vtt?1622140796","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/253/original/AV203962_The_Future_of_Capitalism_a.vtt?1622140796"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27254","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203962_The_Future_of_Capitalism_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564/transcript/27254/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Pretty much Mr. Chairman, I liked that introduction. I think to be warned that Marxism is not a monolithic unity, is a very salutary. There are indeed many different tendencies and varieties of Marxism, and that's a good thing. Although, naturally, representing one tendency, I don't think all the others are as good. But that's a different matter. My subject tonight, the future of capitalism. And I suppose after the events of the past year, they can be very little doubt, that the foreseeable future, which could be taken to mean something like the next four or five decades. Beyond that, it's not much use trying to foresee. And certainly, well into the 21st century, the future belongs to capitalism. Such a perspective is relatively new. For most of this century, It was by no means clear that capitalism would survive, into the third millennium. The great revolutions of the 20th century. The Russian Revolution of 1917, and the Chinese of 1949. Each preceded, and in a real sense, caused by a devastating World War. Took approximately a third of the world's population and territory out of the capitalist system. The leaders of these revolutions had every intention, of creating a new social system along lines, Adam braided, but never elaborated by Karl Marx, in the 19th century. For reasons, which we obviously, haven't got time to go into here. These intentions were not realized. The socialist society envisaged by Marx, was a worker's democracy and none of the post-revolutionary countries of the 20th century despite frequent claims to the contrary, succeeded in reaching that goal. Still these post-revolutionary societies, were definitely not capitalist. And they provided an alternative model of development, with impressive achievements to its credit, and features of great appeal to the masses of exploited and impoverished people, in what now, we generally called the third world. For a long time, the contest between capitalism and its upstart post-revolutionary arrival, seemed to be close and an uncertain outcome. But as the events of 1989, 90, demonstrated, this was an illusion. Capitalism, older, more deeply rooted, vastly richer, and they control most of the world's natural resources. Had much more lasting power, and given the world to use it which always existed, was bound to win in the long run, as it happened. The long run ended in 1990. Now, I guess this background, the importance of our subject, the future of capitalism is self-evident. There are those, very vocal these days, who believe that capitalism, having outlasted its revolutionary arrival, will have plain sailing from now on. And that history tells a very different story. As a going concern, capitalism, can be traced back some 500 years, to the time when the new world, was opened up for exploitation by the maritime explorers, freebooters and traders of Western Europe. Next year, as you know, we're going to celebrate the 500 anniversary, of the most famous of those freebooters, and exploiters, and criminals. Christopher Columbus. I wanna find my place. From that time on, the expansion was continuous, and the system evolved into the worldwide industrial trading and financial economy we know today. But at no time, in the course of this 500 year history, was there anything even approaching plane sailing. The reasons for this are clear, capitalism by its very nature is extremely dynamic and expansionist. It is loaded with contradictions and conflicts, both within itself, class antagonisms, and a whole bunch of other types of antagonisms. And also in relation to it's pre-capitalist or non-capitalist environments. Wars of conquest and wars for supremacy. These conflicts take many forms, including economic crises and wars, both small and large. The 20th century, that is the recent past, excuse me, has experienced three particularly severe and pervasive crises of capitalism. The first World War, the great depression of the 1930s, and the second World War. What reason is there to belief, that the leopard has changed its spots? With 500 turbulence and the crisis ridden years? Well, now all of a sudden, give way to a prolonged period of economic progress and international peace. Last year at this time, very recently, in other words, just such a perspective, seemed entirely reasonable to many people. The cold war was over, so it was thought, the economic expansion that began back in 1983, was in a record-breaking eighth year. The end of history, at least, the bad old history, of the last half millennium had arrived. A new era of sustained peace and prosperity was dawn. At last, for illusions, now only a year later, a recession is underway, which is all, but unanimously expected to be the most serious, since the second World War. And which a growing minority believes will develop into a full-fledged depression. At the very same time, war has erupted in the Middle East, that threatens to involve the major powers and to bring about untold damage and destruction to the global economy. A more dramatic change in a short span of one year, would be hard to imagine. So, I think we are safe, in dropping the idea of a new capitalist era of peace and prosperity. Question is, what is the realistic outlook for capitalism, as we approach the end of the 20th century? To answer this question, we must remind ourselves, of the fundamental characteristics of capitalism and review the way it has functioned in the period since the second World War. This should give us the basis for projecting, the broad outlines of a likely future costs of development. Capitalism, as noted earlier, is by nature an expanding economy. The driving force, is a process of capital accumulation. Capitalist society is divided into two basic classes. Those who own the means of production, and other forms of wealth. Land, stocks and bonds, certificates of deposit, et cetera. And on the other hand, those who live off their wages and salaries and own little, except if they are lucky, the houses they live in and the cars they move in. The formal class, the capitalists, consumes part of their incomes. Typically a smallest year, the larger the income. And saves the rest, with a view of increasing its wealth. The latter, the working class, which comprises some 75 to 80%, of the economically active population, in the advanced capitalist countries, normally consume their entire incomes, and many are habitually in debt from consuming even more. When the system is working smoothly, as it is assumed to do in the textbooks, the savings of the capitalists, are invested in additional means of production. This increasing their own wealth, and society's capacity to turn out goods and services. If the incomes of the workers increased sufficiently to enable them to buy the growing output, of goods and services, all will be well. The economy will grow, the capitalists will get richer and society's standard of living will rise. On the whole, this process describes, what actually happened in the advanced capitalist countries, from the time of the industrial revolution, to our own time. But it was never as smooth as the textbooks presented it. From the beginning, there were the ups and downs of the business cycle, with its periodic panics and depressions. These were recurring reminders, that there are no automatic mechanisms within the system, to maintain a proper and sustainable balance, among the flows of savings, investment, and income. There was always a tendency for capitalists to save too much and for workers incomes, to rise too little. To justify the increase in investments, that would be needed to keep the economy growing, at its full capacity. In the early days of capitalism, this drag factors, I may call it, manifested itself in periodic breakdowns. Later, as the system matured, it became more powerful, operating in all phases of the cycle and giving rise to the phenomenon that has come to be known, in recent decades as stagnation. What I've just been discussing can be called the logic of capitalism. It deals with the inter-relations of a few key variables, consumption, investment, savings. But of course, there are many other relevant factors, that are not part of this logic, that play an important role in determining the historical outcome. For example, the historical context of a given period. The impact of science and technology, and perhaps most significant, wars, including their preparation and their aftermaths. All of these, have to be factored in, to get a realistic understanding, of the actual historical trajectory of capitalism and its likely future. Still, the logic of the system is crucial and in the final analysis, may be said to be determining. Capitalism heyday, was the 19th century, or more precisely, the century between the end of the Napoleonic Wars and World War I, that is 1814 to 1914. For all its troubles and faults, the system was a success, for the rich countries that dominated worldwide and their privileged citizens. Well, not for its third world underbelly, or for the underclass of exploited workers, and unemployed in the advanced countries themselves. Always, capitalism was a success, If it was a success, for a very small minority of mankind. Still the tendency to stagnation became increasingly evident in the years of the 20th century. It was only interrupted by world War I, and its aftermath in the 1920s. But there the respite was short lived, and stagnation returned with a vengeance in the 1930s. The great depression of that decade was by far the deepest and the longest experienced up to that time. Once again, World War came to the rescue. Between 1939 and 1945, the U S gross national product, increased by some 75% and then unemployment plunged from 19% of the labor force to less than 2%. And all of this, at a time, when 11 million people, in the most productive age groups, were being absorbed into the armed forces. The enormous increase in product, production and productivity, during the second World War, is the most striking proof of the depth of the stagnation, that had been achieved before the World War. And the transition from stagnation to full employment and full capacity projection, was brought about by not the logic of capitalism, but by an external factor of the war. In spite of this astonishing performance, of the U S economy during the war. The predominant view at the time, was that when the war was over, the situation, would revert to something like the stagnation of the phase. This of course, did not happen. And it is important, very important, to understand why it did not. I don't know all the answers, I don't think anybody does. The problem is a very complicated one, and to my knowledge, no systematic study has ever been devoted to it. I can only give you my own impressions, as one who lived through the period, and was deeply interested in the events as they transpired. The most important factor I think, was that World War II, never really ended, as early wars had ended. The settlements and peace treaties, and general demobilization of armies and navies. World War II, just gradually merged into the cold war, which in reality included two major regional wars and many smaller ones. There were other factors sustaining the capitalist system in the post World War II period. But I am convinced, that taken all together, they would not have produced, a prolonged economic expansion, any more than the recovery after the first World War, succeeded in a prolonging the expansion of that period. It started about 19th or 20th, and it collapsed into the great depression, barely 10 years later. I think that the decisive role, after the second World War in preventing it from declining in a similar fashion to that, that followed the first World War, was the institution, of what has aptly been called a permanent war economy. That started in the late 1940s, and it's still with us in the 1990s. But even the permanent war economy, could not starve off stagnation forever. It began to creep back, with a winding down of the Vietnam War, in the early 70s. And became much more marked by the end of the decade. As some of you here will remember, the decade of the 70s ended in a phenomenon, which was new at the time, often described as stagflation. A combination of stagnation and inflation. This set the stage for the Reagan administration's deliberate policy of stepping up the cold war. Resulting recovery from the recession of 1981, 82, was very different from a traditional business cycle upturn. And ensuing record breaking expansion, that's eight years long. Peace time expansion, was entirely dependent on a vast armament buildup, financed by deficits of a magnitude never incurred before, except in an all out war situation. And now, we know that even this, was not enough to starve off a recession. Which threatens to snowball, into the full-fledged depression since the 1930s. This record of stagnation recurring, is I think, what we need most to internalize, to understand, prosperity is no longer, as it was considered to be a hundred years ago. The normal stay of a capitalist economy, the normal stay is stagnation. That is, the operation of the economy at a level far below, its potential. I already mentioned the performance of World War II, as the striking proof of how far that margin, between potential and realization actually becomes in a period of stagnation. I believe that a similar situation exists today. In that, a full utilization of our country's resources, manpower, womanpower and natural resources, and capital equipment, would, in my opinion, easily lead to an increase in the gross national product of something like 50%, which would be $150 billion. And what you could do with $150 billion? Of course, you can imagine yourself, that's annually, you know. Even, you know, in the face of that obvious, I think it's really obvious. I mean, if we had a World War like the second World War, now, it would be possible to expand production, on that order of magnitude. And we don't do it, that's the way capitalism operates. It's fundamentally, incapable of utilizing the resources at its disposal. Although, given that restriction, of course, it is a very productive, potentially productive system. Now, what does all this tell us about the future of capitalism? First, I think it tells us, that the crisis we are now entering is deeper and more threatening, than any that has faced the country, since the early 1930s. Second, it tells us, that the way we got out of that earlier crisis, the war, the second World War, followed by the permanent war economy, is no longer an available option. It has exhausted its potential. Another World War, quite apart from its effect on economic expansion, would most likely, bring the end of civilization as we know it. That's not an sensible option, for any ruling class to take, if it understands, and I think it does understand, the limits of a military enterprise nowadays. From now on, more war can only make matters worse. That's not necessarily true, with small wars, of course, but I mean more massive war on a scale, which would bring the utilization of resources up towards its potential. Now, here we have to ask a question, and a lot of people think they have the answer. And that is, is there a reasonable hope of rescue through an old fashioned capitalist boom, powered by fundamental and earth shaking technological innovation or a set of innovations, comparable to the railroad and the automobile in the 19th and early 20th centuries? These were technological changes, which revamped the geography of the country. The railroad made possible the opening of the whole country, the building of new cities, the relocation of the population and all of that. Not only directly absorb enormous amounts of capital in the railroads themselves, but probably even more, in the buildings, in the factories and so on. Which resulted from the relocation of economic activity. The automobile had a similar consequence, although, directly, the automobile industry, never absorbed anything like the capital investment that the railroads did. But still, it was the automobile that made possible the suburbanization of the U S population, prior to the automobile suburbs, where were a phenomenon, of only a few areas, where commuter railroads existed. But with the coming of the automobile, every city in the country were surrounded by suburbs, to which the overflow population tended to go. And much of the urban population in the center, the urban centers spread out into the suburbs. That also was responsible for enormous secondary investments in housing, in office building, in malls, in roads, and so on and so forth. Now those two great technological innovations, were the basic factors in sustaining a capitalist expansion in the 19th and early 20th century. Is there anything like that on the horizon now? Is there anything that could conceivably, have a similar effect, pulling this present society or economy out of its doldrums, out of its mire of stagnation? And the answer I think, is very clearly no. And the reason is not that there isn't a tremendous amount of technological and scientific innovation, there is. There's perhaps, more than it has ever been before In history. The electronic revolution, the information revolution, the biological revolution. You hear about all of them every day. And roll them all up into one, and they don't take much capital. And that's very, very, striking difference, between the present and the past scientific technological eras of capitalism. As a matter of fact, as plants wear out, and are amortized and funds become available for replacement. Nowadays, the replacement often, is of a kind, which uses much less capital in the plant, than the ones that have been replaced. Because, automation improved productivity and so on, without any particular relocation of population or need for expensive new buildings and so on. And the whole thrust of the newer revolutions, technological and scientific revolutions, is probably capital saving rather than capital using. That was, totally the opposite of the great innovations of the past. As a matter of fact, the most capital using of creating, innovation of the last 50 years or so, probably, you'd never think of it. It's air conditioning, because that made it possible to open up the South and the Southwest, to a huge increase in population, which meant new cities, new towns, new office buildings, new factories. A whole new geographical distribution of the population and of economic activity dependent on air conditioning. Well, air conditioning in and of itself, is not a big user of capital, of course. But the newer electronically, the computers and the automation, all that kind of information and biological new processes, that doesn't have any such secondary consequences. And there's no reason whatever to suppose. We know this, not from pure theory, we know it because that series of revolutions, has been in process now for 30, 40 years. And it hasn't created any great capital investment booms. Matter of fact, the situation in this country today, is very paradoxical in one sense. More capital investment now, is going into financial assets, computers for finance, office buildings, things of that sort, than in manufacturing. Manufacturing does not absorb capital and require investment, which is what capitalism needs, in order to buy its own logic to expand properly. And we just can't count on anything like that, there's no nobody has come up with even an imagined innovation today. Which would take the place of the railroad. Before the railroad, the steam engine of course, was of enormous importance in relocating economic activity and changing its nature. Consequently, secondary and tertiary investment waves. And the railroad in the 19th century, and the automobile in the early 20th century. These are all things, that nobody can even imagine what would be replicating factor today. At least I can't, and I haven't seen anybody yet who can. Maybe, it'll happen, I don't know. But that's a pretty weak we need to lean on. So, if it's not possible that we should be saved now, by either war, massive war or by a massive wave of investment and technological and scientific advances. Then, where do we stand? Let me just sum up, the essence of the argument I've been trying to put forward up to this point, as a capitalist economy matures, it generates an increasingly strong tendency to stagnation. Since the 1930s, this tendency has been kept at bay, contained, counteracted by World War II, and the subsequent permanent war economy. The latter is now losing its effectiveness and continued reliance on it, will almost certainly be counter productive. No salvation, can be expected, from a technologically based investments explosion. We have therefore, reached what is in effect a dead end. But, and this is the big but, this does not mean that capitalism is going to collapse or disappear. Social systems don't do that. They hang on until they're overthrown and throughout history many deeply stagnant societies, have survived for long periods, often for centuries. And it can certainly happen again. Nor, does it mean that capitalism is in any imminent danger of being overthrown. Not at any rate, in it's industrially developed metropolitan centers, like the countries of the OECD. The organization of Economic Co-operation and Development. The club of 21 advanced capitalist countries. There's no likelihood, no sign of any significant, revolutionary movements, capable of overthrowing capitalism in its best terms of strength. That's not true of the third world, It's not true of many of the poorer, underdeveloped countries. Where revolutions do occur from time to time. And there's no saying that they can't at some succeed. Matter of fact, it's conceivable, that some of these underdeveloped countries will have a revolution. Let's say India, Brazil, which so big and so difficult to control. That the advanced capitalist countries will not be able to intervene, and prevent them from achieving a revolutionary solution to their problems. I don't say it's likely in any near future, but it's not inconceivable. However, I think it is inconceivable for a long time to come that there should be revolutions, in the advanced countries themselves. Now, I'm not gonna give you an answers to what happens if we have a period of prolonged stagnation, deepening stagnation, which is what I think is most likely. Maybe there will be another World War, maybe they'll have a fling at it and see if it works. I don't think it'll work next time. I think that could be the end. And I don't think that is likely, I think probably, they'll have to endure the chronic crisis, rather than flee forward in such a crazy way. Although, what's happening in the gulf right now, leaves me once in awhile to wonder whether it makes any sense, to attribute any rationality to what's going on and what will be going on as the situation deteriorates. I don't know what the consequences of a prolonged period, decade long period of stagnation will be. I can envisage it's being very devastating, what's already happening in this country. In the kind of stagnation we've had in the last three decades. The deterioration of our infrastructure, the rotten of the inner cities, the social pathologies, which are growing up all around us. And which seemed to have no solution, whatever. I don't know what the continuation of that kind of situation may imply. Certainly, nothing good, but that seems to me, I'm sorry to say, to be the realistic prospect, what we have to look forward to. If that's true, I would say, it's time that more of us should begin to think seriously, about questioning the logic of capitalism. Whether you have to have these huge external impacts or these huge explosions internally of investment, in order to keep an economy going. Manifestly, you don't, on paper, it's easy enough to devise a system in which infinite growth is absolutely not necessary. And which resources can be deployed in such a way as to raise standards of the living, standards of living for the mass of the people. Which would require an enormous amount of utilization of resources, it could. I always would enable us to do some other things, like environmental checking, environmental deterioration, building up the environment again. Which if capitalism last long enough, of course, you're going to do us all on to anyway. Because, I don't know any serious person, who thinks that capitalism as it functions today, can do anything, in let's say, 100 or 200 years, but destroy the environment which civilized life needs to exist on this earth. But the meantime, we just don't know what forms this deterioration is going to take. And of course, we don't know how long it's gonna take. And we're going to have to, I think, think seriously, about whether there are other ways out of the dilemma, which can be beneficial all around. Now, since the theme of this conference is Eastern Europe and the world in transition, I suppose, I should conclude by a few remarks on the prospects of the Eastern European countries. That are now looking forward, to joining the global capitalist system, as a remedy for their troubles. It seems very ironical, that a system that is some ways terrible shape, like capitalism should be looked to as worth joining. And I think that the experience will show, that it is not worth joining. That the prospect, the countries, which like Eastern Europe and apparently now including the Soviet Union, not China as yet, but maybe China to come, the prospects of those countries. If they try to join the world capitalist system, as they seem determined to do, will be a disaster for them. We know what happens to weak countries, in a capitalist system, dominated by strong countries. We can see it all through the third world. We know what it's like in Africa and Latin America. I would say quite simply, if you want to know what's going to happen to capitalist Poland, and capitalist Hungary, and a capitalist Czechoslovakia, have a look at Mexico, have a look at Latin America. Where the unemployment, is upwards of 30, 40, 50% of the labor force. Where the pollution is even worse than it was in the quotes, so-called, socialist period in Eastern Europe. And where standards of living in the last decade have been going down steadily. Real wages have probably lost half their purchasing power in that period. That's what's in store for any weak country. And they're all very weak, the Eastern European countries, that joins the capitalist system, and opens it up to the exploitation of capital. Of course, you can't tell the people, they are particularly the experts, the social scientists, the economist, who are so gung-ho, to get going with capitalism, and see it as their personal savior. Even if they have never thought through the problem for what it means for that countries. You can't tell them, they'll have to learn the hard way. And I think they will learn the hard way, much more rapidly than now seems likely. There already plenty of indications, that that's going to happen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115564#t=0.0,2693.52"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - AV203962_The_Future_of_Capitalism_b.mp3"]},"duration":1198.848,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/115/565/small/lecture.png?1622140799","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/115/565/original/AV203962_The_Future_of_Capitalism_b.mp3?1622140799","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1198.848,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203962_The_Future_of_Capitalism_b.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e That's the way it is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=6.16,8.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=8.12,9.685"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(applause)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=9.685,11.935"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e All right, any questions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=20.503,22.753"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=26.757,27.602"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, if the, taking the eight countries in the East,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=27.602,32.602"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the system may have failed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=32.846,34.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there is no other system that can look exciting to them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=35.38,38.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What should they do in Europe India?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=39.37,42.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They have an example that in certain circumstances,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=45.32,48.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the capitalism works,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=48.98,51.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there is nothing else known,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=51.19,52.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they can (indistinct) go to achieve.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=54.307,58.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=58.34,59.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think not impossible by any means","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=59.54,64.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for them to create a system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=64.53,68.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which makes more rational utilization of resources","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=69.86,73.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than capitalism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=73.4,74.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"save some of the things,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=76.17,77.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the achievements that they've actually","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=77.53,79.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"accomplished in the last four years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=82.78,85.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they are real achievements,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=85.51,87.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like a much greater quality,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=87.21,90.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"much more full employment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=91.137,96.137"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"much more social security, free education,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=96.29,99.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"free health care, neither the highest quality","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=99.85,102.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they're poor countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=102.5,105.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but those things don't have to be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=105.06,106.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ditched and thrown away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=107.96,110.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The whole illusion that capitalism is going to save them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=110.01,114.567"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is precisely what is leading them into a trap.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=119.96,124.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're not going to try to establish","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=128.46,130.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something that can work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=130.73,131.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It can't work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=131.94,133.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, to say that capitalism can work for them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=133.6,137.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"say that capitalism is going to work for them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=140.75,143.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a manifest lie, it won't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=143.78,146.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think it's impossible,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=148.977,151.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I don't think that you can,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=151.06,152.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you can't tell people and expect them to believe it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=152.88,157.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"unless they have been through it themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=159.42,162.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The textbook theories,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=162.24,164.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which the economists of Eastern Europe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=164.04,167.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now have as their bible,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=167.18,168.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Milton Friedman is a hero in Eastern Europe,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=170.3,172.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"believe it or not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=172.92,174.107"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they've got to go through this experience","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=175.89,179.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and find out for themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=179.68,181.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't see any other way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=181.03,182.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e If we a continual decline (indistinct) moving","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=187.45,190.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from a second world economy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=190.64,192.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"collapses completely","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=192.98,194.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and moves to a third world economy situation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=194.02,197.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what do you do when you've got a third world country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=198.06,200.349"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with thousands of nuclear weapons?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=200.349,203.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, that's a good question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=203.61,205.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=205.21,206.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(laughter)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=207.445,209.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=209.31,210.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would hope they destroy 'em before they use 'em, but...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=213.93,216.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they must be expensive to keep up, don't you think?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=219.46,222.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sell 'em? To whom?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=225.67,227.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Anymore questions? Here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=230.67,233.205"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, I don't know if you're familiar with the new","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=233.205,235.377"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Brazilian economic plan, but if you are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=235.377,238.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could you comment on that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=238.57,240.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Which one?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=240.15,241.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Brazilian, the new Brazilian economic plan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=241.07,243.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, I don't think it's an economic plan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=243.81,246.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They are trying to dismantle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=248.05,252.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"many of the controls and state ownership,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=252.64,255.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and of course the Brazilian economy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=255.73,258.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been pretty much a mess,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=258.64,260.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's no question about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=260.14,261.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they're trying to use something like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=263.1,267.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Eastern European method of a dose of capitalism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=267.863,272.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think it's going to have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=274.156,275.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pretty much the same consequence as in Brazil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=277.16,279.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's gonna have in Eastern Europe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=279.68,281.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There is, however, a different possibility in Brazil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=287.4,292.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As you know, in the last election,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=293.61,296.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about a year ago now, I think,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=296.4,299.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was a new party, the Workers' Party,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=301.09,306.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which almost elected its leader,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=306.01,309.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"trade union leader Lula, as the president of Brazil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=310.5,315.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something like 36 to 32 million votes on the two sides.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=316.49,320.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now I would say it's very lucky","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=320.76,322.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he didn't get elected last year,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=322.37,324.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because he didn't have a proper base,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=324.45,329.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he didn't have a party, didn't have,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=329.35,332.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wasn't ready to take power.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=332.93,334.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that party, however,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=336.45,339.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has great potential, given time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=339.77,343.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe five, 10 years, to organize","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=343.05,346.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for an alternative road.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=347.41,351.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A socialist road, which would not commit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=352.17,356.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the errors that were in the...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=356.37,360.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, they're errors,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=362.42,363.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they were more or less inevitable errors, I suppose,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=363.44,366.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=366.82,368.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Given the fact of the Cold War, it was very difficult","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=370.47,373.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to develop a democracy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=373.37,375.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we couldn't even keep ours very well during that period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=375.16,378.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was terribly damaged.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=379.53,382.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I believe that it's not impossible that the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=382.0,387.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Brazilians, and perhaps the Indians in their day,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=392.2,395.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could work out a force","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=395.03,399.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which could have a different road in mind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=399.93,403.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That doesn't exist in Eastern Europe now, of course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=404.75,407.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I don't think you can call","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=410.27,411.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what the present president of Brazil is trying to do a plan,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=411.35,416.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean it's a policy all right, but it's not a plan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=420.05,423.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He's trying to let private enterprise take over,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=426.02,428.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he hopes it's going to be beneficial and beneficent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=428.61,433.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My reading of history is that that's a pipe dream,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=434.61,438.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"private enterprise ain't beneficial,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=438.55,441.209"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it ain't beneficent, it's out to make money and that's all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=441.209,445.157"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Do we have time for a few more questions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=448.21,449.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e You said if (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=451.871,456.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"foreseen long term (indistinct) stagnation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=456.59,459.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"developing countries, Eastern Asian countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=461.4,464.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let's not say Japan, all these developing countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=464.66,468.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"India, China, Taiwan, all those countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=468.61,471.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if they become more competitive,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=472.94,474.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will that stimulate, then, other (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=474.71,478.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or will they make them worse?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=478.95,480.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well what does \"more competitive\" mean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=480.85,483.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In international markets?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=483.253,486.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. Productivity, technological advances.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=486.81,491.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If they become more competitive,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=491.64,493.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for me, when I see countries developing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=494.457,497.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"advanced countries do have far more better competitive edge.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=497.73,500.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But developing countries are kinda (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=501.651,502.997"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How that dynamic is going to play out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=503.92,506.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Where is the demand gonna come from for their exports?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=506.09,509.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It can't, to a certain extent","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=515.5,517.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they can export back and forth to each other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=517.37,521.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Japan and Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan, for example,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=521.12,526.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have all been very dependent on the US market,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=527.69,532.227"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the market of the other advanced capitalist countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=535.16,538.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the US has absorbed this huge surplus,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=540.2,545.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without insisting on paying for it with its own exports.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=548.37,553.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, Japan and Taiwan, and South Korea,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=553.66,558.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have run this huge surplus in their trading accounts, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=560.8,565.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Amounting to very many billions of dollars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=568.54,571.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now in capitalistic counting,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=571.14,573.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a surplus of trade is equivalent to investment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=574.7,578.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the continued prosperity of those,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=580.82,585.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Japan and the tigers, the Four Tigers in Asia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=589.0,593.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is very dependent on the ability","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=595.61,597.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to continue to run these trade surpluses.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=597.41,601.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now if the United States wants to,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=601.68,604.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it now seems to be determined to do that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=604.2,608.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to balance its budget and balance its trade,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=608.47,613.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then that surplus is gonna go to pieces,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=613.35,615.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's gonna disappear.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=615.63,616.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then, those countries will be up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=619.05,620.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against their dead end, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=620.98,624.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Unless they would go in for a kind of development","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=624.46,627.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which would give their own people the purchasing power","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=627.47,631.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to buy their products,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=631.47,633.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that, they're not interested in doing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=633.11,635.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They wanna live off the surpluses,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=635.13,639.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but how many, what, can China become a South Korea,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=639.1,643.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or a Taiwan?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=645.05,646.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can China become a capitalist development?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=646.81,650.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A successful capitalist development?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=650.01,652.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't see it at all, I think the history shows","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=652.91,656.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this road is not one","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=656.93,660.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's going to produce lasting results.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=660.09,664.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now it may be that there will be a period of a few decades","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=664.14,669.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which maybe still, the Asian countries do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=671.33,676.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"enjoy a capitalist boom of a traditional kind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=682.224,684.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I think it's gonna run out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=686.4,689.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"history shows that it does run out everywhere,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=689.35,692.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sooner or later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=692.75,694.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If they continue to be capitalist countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=694.33,697.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, of course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=697.25,698.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you could conceive of them taking another road.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=699.05,703.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"China might have a revival of its revolution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=706.16,711.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and go back to a course of development","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=712.18,715.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which had the potential to achieve","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=715.78,720.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a kind of balanced growth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=721.12,724.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which a capitalist society never does do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=724.62,727.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Your analysis of the stagnation of capitalism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=733.42,737.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the poor economy, reasoning to speculate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=737.27,740.877"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's rather curious at a time when our country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=743.421,746.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is facing this stagnation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=746.72,748.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the opportunity to continue the wartime economy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=748.88,753.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Middle East exists,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=753.65,755.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'm wondering if you would be willing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=755.86,758.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to comment on that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=758.77,760.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the fact that you don't have any more Eastern Europe,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=760.3,765.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Soviet Union, so the Middle East is another place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=765.01,768.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to continue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=768.29,769.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well I think what you're saying is that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=769.2,770.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the Pentagon's point of view,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=770.703,772.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's a blessing that this war","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=772.6,775.329"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has broken out in the Persian Gulf.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=775.329,780.329"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know that they actually,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=780.81,782.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Pentagon leaders,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=783.32,785.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I read them, are considerably more cautious","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=785.63,789.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about getting into a shooting situation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=789.58,792.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they don't need that for a permanent war economy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=792.75,795.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to have a permanent war economy without a war,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=795.98,799.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's better, because it doesn't have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=799.15,803.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the awkward side effects of Vietnam, for example.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=804.11,807.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that may be what the Pentagon would like,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=809.704,814.704"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that the trouble is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=817.639,819.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this country cannot...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=820.31,822.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It can't go on running the kind of deficits","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=826.0,829.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it has been running.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=829.46,831.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not that deficits as such cause all the trouble,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=831.58,835.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but if you run the national debt up to the point where","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=835.04,839.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"interest on the debt takes up 75 or 80% of your budget,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=839.52,844.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then you come to a dead end in the financial sense.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=844.52,849.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Most of the dead ends now have a financial aspect to them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=849.29,853.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that is where you're heading.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=853.4,855.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you can't go on running a war economy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=857.36,862.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is deficit-financed, if it isn't deficit-financed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=864.82,868.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it won't have the effects.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=868.15,869.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Never has a war economy not been deficit-financed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=869.8,873.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It has to be.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=873.53,874.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"During the Second World War, we were...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=874.54,877.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The increase in the national debt was running up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=879.51,882.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to 25% of GNP.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=882.08,884.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now it's like four or five, but of course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=884.83,888.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the interest rate at that time was around zero or 1%,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=888.6,892.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something like that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=892.71,894.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that the burden of the debt was not that great.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=894.09,897.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But you just can't go on running","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=899.26,902.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the kind of war economy that we have been running","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=902.12,906.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during the Reagan and early Bush periods,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=907.41,910.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without coming into a deadlock in the financial area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=910.6,915.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in that sense, the deficit is a serious problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=918.66,922.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It isn't a serious problem as such,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=924.39,927.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's nothing wrong with deficits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=927.53,929.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As a matter of fact,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=930.4,931.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're pretty crucial to a capitalist economy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=931.233,935.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they've always been a tendency to run deficits,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=935.32,938.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the question is where they get out of hand,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=938.71,942.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and become unmanageable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=943.965,945.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The way it looks now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=946.86,949.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's gonna happen in the next few years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=949.12,951.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This alleged deficit reduction deal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=951.82,956.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's been going on in Washington now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=957.25,959.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the biggest fraud that's ever been put out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=959.05,961.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you know what the assumptions are?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=962.945,965.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The assumptions are, the GNP's gonna grow","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=967.38,970.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at 4% a year, it hasn't done that for God knows when,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=970.21,974.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and interest rates are down around four or 5%,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=974.29,978.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they're now up around eight or nine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=978.3,980.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you take out those two assumptions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=980.46,982.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"every bit of that calculation, that arithmetic is crazy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=982.34,986.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it doesn't mean a damn thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=986.21,988.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as we go deeper into a recession now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=988.49,992.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the necessary expenditures for unemployment insurance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=992.68,997.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for social security, for all that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=999.44,1001.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all those go up and taxes go down,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1002.589,1007.589"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the economy sinks, tax receipts go down,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1009.04,1013.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and expenditures go up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1013.35,1015.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would say that in five years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1015.18,1018.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is what they say they're reducing the deficit now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1018.32,1021.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over a five year period, in five years it's probably,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1021.88,1024.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the deficit will really be around","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1024.86,1027.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"six or 700 billion dollars a year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1027.48,1030.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's much more realistic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1030.73,1034.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than the projections they're using.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1034.64,1038.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that can become very serious,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1038.14,1040.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that can become very serious.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1040.63,1042.538"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(laughter)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1042.538,1043.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e One more question, you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1043.82,1045.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I just really (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1046.25,1048.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they say market economy, (indistinct) market economy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1049.54,1053.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eastern Europe and (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1053.38,1056.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And (indistinct) is trying to cut social programs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1056.95,1060.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And United States now, (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1061.457,1064.507"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our spending is higher than it used to be,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1064.507,1067.934"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct) and tax revenues are higher.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1067.934,1070.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct) they're trying to increase more programs here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1071.53,1076.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and actually are doing more spending, but,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1076.42,1078.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so is the (indistinct) change in the policy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1078.67,1083.447"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct) or are they just confused?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1083.447,1086.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I fear I don't quite get this question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1086.11,1088.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe I just don't understand-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1089.284,1092.676"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I was wondering whether the policies changing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1092.676,1095.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct) for example is (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1096.69,1100.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're cutting down social programs (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1100.54,1102.827"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e In the United States?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1104.45,1105.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e United States we have more spending","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1105.6,1107.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"actually in the last three years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1107.15,1110.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e More spending?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1110.16,1111.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, but the biggest amount of it of course is on military,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1111.58,1115.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by far the biggest amount.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1115.79,1117.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it would be quite easy to balance the budget,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1118.8,1123.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"probably with disastrous consequences,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1129.32,1131.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you'd be dismantling the permanent war economy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1133.87,1136.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you'd have a collapse of the capitalism as a result,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1136.69,1140.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's dependent on that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1140.09,1141.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you can't give it up,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1141.92,1145.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"although they don't actually say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1145.42,1147.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and probably most of 'em don't realize","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1147.8,1149.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that that's the purpose of the Pentagon's balance wheel","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1149.92,1154.637"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"function in the capitalist economy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1158.42,1161.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But ever since the Second World War,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1161.61,1163.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since the beginning of the Second World War,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1163.64,1165.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that has been true,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1165.39,1166.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the way the economy has worked has been crucially dependent","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1166.6,1171.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on that permanent war economy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1171.43,1175.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and its deficit to spending.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1178.04,1181.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(applause)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=1183.788,1186.038"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27255/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/255/original/AV203962_The_Future_of_Capitalism_b.vtt?1622140801","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/255/original/AV203962_The_Future_of_Capitalism_b.vtt?1622140801"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27256","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203962_The_Future_of_Capitalism_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565/transcript/27256/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- That's the way it is. Thank you very much.\r\n\r\n- All right, any questions? Here's one.\r\n\r\n- Well, if the, taking the eight countries in the East, the system may have failed, there is no other system that can look exciting to them. What should they do in Europe India? They have an example that in certain circumstances, the capitalism works, and there is nothing else known, that they can go to achieve.\r\n\r\n- Well, I don't know. I think not impossible by any means for them to create a system which makes more rational utilization of resources than capitalism, save some of the things, the achievements that they've actually accomplished in the last four years. And they are real achievements, like a much greater quality, much more full employment, much more social security, free education, free health care, neither the highest quality because they're poor countries, but those things don't have to be ditched and thrown away. The whole illusion that capitalism is going to save them is precisely what is leading them into a trap. They're not going to try to establish something that can work. It can't work. I mean, to say that capitalism can work for them, say that capitalism is going to work for them, is a manifest lie, it won't. I don't think it's impossible, but I don't think that you can, you can't tell people and expect them to believe it unless they have been through it themselves. The textbook theories, which the economists of Eastern Europe now have as their bible, Milton Friedman is a hero in Eastern Europe, believe it or not. And they've got to go through this experience and find out for themselves. I don't see any other way.\r\n\r\n- If we a continual decline moving from a second world economy, collapses completely and moves to a third world economy situation, what do you do when you've got a third world country with thousands of nuclear weapons?\r\n\r\n- Well, that's a good question. I mean, I don't know. Do you? I would hope they destroy 'em before they use 'em, but... they must be expensive to keep up, don't you think? Sell 'em? To whom?\r\n\r\n- Anymore questions? Here?\r\n\r\n- Yeah, I don't know if you're familiar with the new Brazilian economic plan, but if you are, could you comment on that?\r\n\r\n- Which one?\r\n\r\n- Brazilian, the new Brazilian economic plan.\r\n\r\n- Oh, I don't think it's an economic plan. They are trying to dismantle many of the controls and state ownership, and of course the Brazilian economy has been pretty much a mess, there's no question about that. And they're trying to use something like the Eastern European method of a dose of capitalism. And I think it's going to have pretty much the same consequence as in Brazil, it's gonna have in Eastern Europe. There is, however, a different possibility in Brazil. As you know, in the last election, about a year ago now, I think, there was a new party, the Workers' Party, which almost elected its leader, trade union leader Lula, as the president of Brazil, something like 36 to 32 million votes on the two sides. Now I would say it's very lucky he didn't get elected last year, because he didn't have a proper base, he didn't have a party, didn't have, wasn't ready to take power. I think that party, however, has great potential, given time, maybe five, 10 years, to organize for an alternative road. A socialist road, which would not commit the errors that were in the... Yes, they're errors, but they were more or less inevitable errors, I suppose, in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Given the fact of the Cold War, it was very difficult to develop a democracy, we couldn't even keep ours very well during that period. It was terribly damaged. And I believe that it's not impossible that the Brazilians, and perhaps the Indians in their day, could work out a force which could have a different road in mind. That doesn't exist in Eastern Europe now, of course. But I don't think you can call what the present president of Brazil is trying to do a plan, I mean it's a policy all right, but it's not a plan. He's trying to let private enterprise take over, and he hopes it's going to be beneficial and beneficent. My reading of history is that that's a pipe dream, private enterprise ain't beneficial, it ain't beneficent, it's out to make money and that's all.\r\n\r\n- Do we have time for a few more questions?\r\n\r\n- You said if foreseen long term stagnation, developing countries, Eastern Asian countries, let's not say Japan, all these developing countries, India, China, Taiwan, all those countries, if they become more competitive, will that stimulate, then, other or will they make them worse?\r\n\r\n- Well what does \"more competitive\" mean? In international markets?\r\n\r\n- Yes. Productivity, technological advances. If they become more competitive, for me, when I see countries developing, advanced countries do have far more better competitive edge. But developing countries are kinda . How that dynamic is going to play out.\r\n\r\n- Where is the demand gonna come from for their exports? It can't, to a certain extent they can export back and forth to each other. Japan and Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan, for example, have all been very dependent on the US market, and the market of the other advanced capitalist countries. And the US has absorbed this huge surplus, without insisting on paying for it with its own exports. In other words, Japan and Taiwan, and South Korea, have run this huge surplus in their trading accounts, right? Amounting to very many billions of dollars. Now in capitalistic counting, a surplus of trade is equivalent to investment. And the continued prosperity of those, Japan and the tigers, the Four Tigers in Asia, is very dependent on the ability to continue to run these trade surpluses. Now if the United States wants to, and it now seems to be determined to do that, to balance its budget and balance its trade, then that surplus is gonna go to pieces, it's gonna disappear. And then, those countries will be up against their dead end, I think. Unless they would go in for a kind of development which would give their own people the purchasing power to buy their products, and that, they're not interested in doing. They wanna live off the surpluses, but how many, what, can China become a South Korea, or a Taiwan? Can China become a capitalist development? A successful capitalist development? I don't see it at all, I think the history shows that this road is not one that's going to produce lasting results. Now it may be that there will be a period of a few decades in which maybe still, the Asian countries do enjoy a capitalist boom of a traditional kind. But I think it's gonna run out, history shows that it does run out everywhere, sooner or later. If they continue to be capitalist countries. Now, of course, you could conceive of them taking another road. China might have a revival of its revolution, and go back to a course of development which had the potential to achieve a kind of balanced growth, which a capitalist society never does do.\r\n\r\n- Your analysis of the stagnation of capitalism and the poor economy, reasoning to speculate, and it's rather curious at a time when our country is facing this stagnation, that the opportunity to continue the wartime economy in the Middle East exists, and I'm wondering if you would be willing to comment on that, the fact that you don't have any more Eastern Europe, Soviet Union, so the Middle East is another place to continue.\r\n\r\n- Well I think what you're saying is that from the Pentagon's point of view, it's a blessing that this war has broken out in the Persian Gulf. I don't know that they actually, the Pentagon leaders, as I read them, are considerably more cautious about getting into a shooting situation, they don't need that for a permanent war economy, to have a permanent war economy without a war, and that's better, because it doesn't have the awkward side effects of Vietnam, for example. And that may be what the Pentagon would like, I think that the trouble is that this country cannot... It can't go on running the kind of deficits that it has been running. It's not that deficits as such cause all the trouble, but if you run the national debt up to the point where interest on the debt takes up 75 or 80% of your budget, then you come to a dead end in the financial sense. Most of the dead ends now have a financial aspect to them. And that is where you're heading. And you can't go on running a war economy which is deficit-financed, if it isn't deficit-financed, it won't have the effects. Never has a war economy not been deficit-financed. It has to be. During the Second World War, we were... The increase in the national debt was running up to 25% of GNP. Now it's like four or five, but of course, the interest rate at that time was around zero or 1%, something like that, so that the burden of the debt was not that great. But you just can't go on running the kind of war economy that we have been running during the Reagan and early Bush periods, without coming into a deadlock in the financial area. And in that sense, the deficit is a serious problem. It isn't a serious problem as such, there's nothing wrong with deficits. As a matter of fact, they're pretty crucial to a capitalist economy, they've always been a tendency to run deficits, and the question is where they get out of hand, and become unmanageable. The way it looks now, that's gonna happen in the next few years. This alleged deficit reduction deal that's been going on in Washington now is the biggest fraud that's ever been put out. Do you know what the assumptions are? The assumptions are, the GNP's gonna grow at 4% a year, it hasn't done that for God knows when, and interest rates are down around four or 5%, and they're now up around eight or nine. If you take out those two assumptions, every bit of that calculation, that arithmetic is crazy, it doesn't mean a damn thing. And as we go deeper into a recession now, the necessary expenditures for unemployment insurance, for social security, for all that, all those go up and taxes go down, as the economy sinks, tax receipts go down, and expenditures go up. I would say that in five years, which is what they say they're reducing the deficit now, over a five year period, in five years it's probably, the deficit will really be around six or 700 billion dollars a year. That's much more realistic than the projections they're using. And that can become very serious, that can become very serious.\r\n\r\n- One more question, you.\r\n\r\n- I just really they say market economy, market economy, Eastern Europe and . And is trying to cut social programs. And United States now, our spending is higher than it used to be, and tax revenues are higher. they're trying to increase more programs here, and actually are doing more spending, but, so is the change in the policy, or are they just confused?\r\n\r\n- I fear I don't quite get this question. Maybe I just don't understand-\r\n\r\n- I was wondering whether the policies changing, for example is they're cutting down social programs .\r\n\r\n- In the United States?\r\n\r\n- United States we have more spending actually in the last three years.\r\n\r\n- More spending? Yeah, but the biggest amount of it of course is on military, by far the biggest amount. And it would be quite easy to balance the budget, probably with disastrous consequences, you'd be dismantling the permanent war economy, and you'd have a collapse of the capitalism as a result, it's dependent on that. So you can't give it up, although they don't actually say, and probably most of 'em don't realize that that's the purpose of the Pentagon's balance wheel function in the capitalist economy. But ever since the Second World War, since the beginning of the Second World War, that has been true, the way the economy has worked has been crucially dependent on that permanent war economy and its deficit to spending.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42935/file/115565#t=0.0,1198.848"}]}]}]}