{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/p26pz5271s/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Wells, Carol A., Art and Revolution in Nicaragua"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV203722 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Art and Revolution in Nicaragua is a November 13, 1987 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring Carol Wells. Carol Wells discusses political art in Nicaragua.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. 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performing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=10.81,12.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's, the audience always gets applauded too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=12.38,15.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's really a special for me to be here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=15.99,18.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because this is my second trip","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=18.24,19.479"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Iowa and to this university.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=19.479,22.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's really nice to come for the first time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=22.73,24.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but then when they want you back,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=24.56,25.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well then you feel real good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=25.84,27.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I want to thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=27.35,28.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I was always been real important","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=28.23,29.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because then you'll 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81","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=34.55,37.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after my first trip,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=37.51,38.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I change it every couple of a couple of weeks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=38.47,41.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but there's a thematic unity to it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=41.49,43.677"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And every time I give the talk, I compare Iowa to Nicaragua","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=43.677,48.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it's the same size and population density.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=48.13,50.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's really special to be in the,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=50.76,54.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's a real affinity for me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=54.54,55.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between Iowa and in Nicaragua because of this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=55.66,58.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think it'll make it even more poignant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=58.33,61.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for you to have a sense","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=61.21,63.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of how much money the United States government is putting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=63.15,68.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into destroying the government of Nicaragua.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=68.12,71.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We think of several hundred million dollars put","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=71.27,74.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into destroying a country, the size and population density","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=74.37,78.285"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of your own state.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=78.285,80.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It gives a perspective to what's going on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=80.38,82.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that most people don't have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=82.91,84.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of the size is always very abstract,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=84.11,87.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but you have a very concrete sense of what happened","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=87.0,89.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the state.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=89.47,90.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you had hundreds of millions put into building it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=90.303,93.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and helping out the farmers or helping out the universities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=93.41,96.111"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"apposed to hundreds of millions and fitting it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=96.111,98.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to get destroyed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=98.08,98.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's kind of a telling comparison.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=98.913,100.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I'd like to go right","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=102.13,103.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into the slides and then we'll have time for questions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=103.62,106.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and answers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=106.75,107.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The other one not working?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=114.29,115.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nothing's happening.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=117.6,118.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=119.81,120.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me just see it if it's just,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=120.643,122.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is not connecting at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=122.69,125.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is there a,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=125.08,125.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"still nothing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=138.29,139.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Backwards it goes 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fist,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=323.87,325.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's a quote from the hero","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=325.4,326.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the 1920s and thirties Augusta Sayso Sandino.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=326.83,330.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he says, \"I swear before the country and before history","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=330.65,333.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that my sword will 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black.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=352.93,354.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are the symbolic colors of the revolution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=354.19,356.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you'll see these colors combined quite 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standards","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=424.5,427.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the majority that lived","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=427.66,429.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in abject poverty was obviously a major contributing 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lot,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=436.97,439.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tourist photos see this very clay images,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=439.81,442.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the poor women washing your clothes in the 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care","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=488.684,491.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the birth of a prized cow,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=491.95,493.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but their own child can't get medical 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\"Enough.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=503.15,504.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they decided to change the system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=504.33,506.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The image on the right, again, another image of 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is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=551.45,553.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in one of the large modern,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=554.55,558.644"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"practically the 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goods","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=573.92,575.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the United States were in the market.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=575.9,578.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you look at the detail on the left, 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Indian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=585.33,588.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the man with the beard and mustache is a Spaniard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=588.55,591.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so what we are, the message","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=591.88,593.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we get from this detail is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=593.64,595.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the Spanish fairly purchased","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=595.21,597.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or traded whatever goods they wanted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=597.35,599.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the indigenous population.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=599.06,601.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course we know from history","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=601.18,602.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this is a lie,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=602.4,603.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Spanish just stole whatever they wanted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=603.4,605.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But again, this is a very typical use of 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past,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=609.47,610.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a past that never existed, an idealization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=610.303,613.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the Nicaraguans are very 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us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=653.3,654.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to think reality is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=654.54,656.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I like to compare it with our own Indian head 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snakes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=724.9,728.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Spanish conquered with two weapons,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=728.08,730.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the first weapon 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Catholicism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=748.17,749.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people also taught don't complain about your lot","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=749.08,751.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in life now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=751.61,752.443"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you'll receive your reward in the next life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=752.443,754.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so it was another form of 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Protestant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=761.32,765.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you were to travel throughout Nicaragua,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=765.17,767.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you probably could find a religious 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Nicaragua.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=951.0,954.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Civil War broke out in 1860,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=954.6,957.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but as you have in any 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hostility,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=961.04,962.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where it sides are being drawn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=962.38,964.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this was the case in 1855, just preceding the Civil 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shackles,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=970.92,972.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his name is William Walker.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=972.78,974.378"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was a slave owner from 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he,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=979.99,980.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in fact there's a filming being made of him right now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=980.91,982.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they were working on with a U.S company in Nicaragua.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=982.9,987.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it should be released,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=987.02,987.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think before the end of the 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one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=991.1,991.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I haven't seen this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=991.933,992.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I don't know what kind of story they'll 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army,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=997.22,1000.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"threw out the president of Nicaragua,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1000.26,1002.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"made himself 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Nicaragua,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1006.62,1008.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"installed English as the official language.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1008.94,1010.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cause he didn't want to bother learning 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plan","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1019.21,1022.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which actually included Mexico and all of Central America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1022.84,1026.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the idea was to annex Nicaragua as a slave 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Guatemala,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1045.07,1047.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"El Salvador, and Costa Rica.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1047.46,1049.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this army was in part subsidized by Cornelius Vanderbilt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1049.69,1053.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because Walker","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1053.4,1054.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"took over Vanderbilt's million dollar a year steamship 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interest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1057.653,1061.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the image of the shackles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1061.61,1063.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Walker's hand are very prominent 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free.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1067.55,1071.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We will never again return to be slaves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1071.08,1073.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you see first, the slavery under the 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Nicaragua","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1108.45,1111.186"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there would be a lot of anti-US sentiment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1111.186,1113.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that this would then be reflected in the 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one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1129.02,1132.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a larger than life sized mural.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1133.42,1135.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By the way, it no longer 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81.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1141.35,1144.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's a larger than life size image of a U.S Marine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1144.71,1147.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His face is a 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DC,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1174.25,1177.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"taken by the Marine Corps, documenting their own occupation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1177.45,1181.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Nicaragua in the late twenties.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1181.14,1183.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I came across this photo.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1183.57,1185.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a U.S 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1930,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1194.25,1196.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I've subsequently met the researcher","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1196.53,1199.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that uncovered this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1199.27,1200.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And she told me that on the back of it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1200.11,1201.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's a little pencil notation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1201.063,1203.104"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that says, \"I don't think this photo should be made public.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1203.104,1206.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well it's pretty obvious why not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1206.13,1208.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Apparently, this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1208.88,1209.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've also subsequently 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towns","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1218.7,1220.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on a pole as a way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1220.49,1221.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of terrorizing the community into submission.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1221.87,1225.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Don't fight back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1225.11,1226.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is what will happen to 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textbooks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1408.778,1412.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this shouldn't be surprising","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1412.38,1413.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because if you look into the high school textbooks 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history","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1422.31,1423.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when it's something that's not very popular.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1423.93,1426.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are two editorial cartoons from U.S 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photograph","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1438.71,1440.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Coolidge from the back of Reagan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1440.28,1442.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he has the government bulletin 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Nicaragua.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1447.1,1448.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alibi number one,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1448.55,1449.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's the red plot in every single one of these things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1449.77,1451.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"50 years later, we're hearing still.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1451.82,1453.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alibi number two, we're neutral.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1453.95,1456.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alibi number three,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1456.63,1457.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're defending American lives and property,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1457.74,1460.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is verbatim what they said before going into Grenada.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1460.03,1463.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And alibi number four to safeguard the paper rights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1463.29,1466.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in an unbuilt canal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1466.34,1467.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is actually being 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takers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1473.51,1475.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it will be too small.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1475.45,1476.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So 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route,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1480.72,1482.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which Nicaragua was originally the first choice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1482.39,1485.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the canal before Panama was chosen,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1485.12,1488.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of all those lakes and rivers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1488.7,1490.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So 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it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1494.38,1497.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you don't like these excuses, I'll think of another.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1497.19,1500.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On the right, another editorial cartoon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1500.09,1502.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If this is isn't intervention, what is it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1502.01,1504.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again a sarcastic denial of intervention going on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1504.51,1507.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's like when the CIA mined the Nicaraguan Harbor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1507.82,1510.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and said, \"Well that's new, we didn't do 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now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1752.24,1755.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the Guatemalan peace plan known as the Arias Plan,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1755.09,1757.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which the U.S government is trying very hard to 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dictatorship.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1786.08,1787.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is death.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1787.22,1788.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is what the Reagan administration 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ally,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1792.36,1795.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until he was forced to step back from that position.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1795.05,1798.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was what he referred, what he meant more 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ally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1802.43,1805.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he's having to pull back from that position as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1805.22,1808.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I think the most telling 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revealed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1814.81,1815.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the recent conjugate hearings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1815.7,1817.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When the highest government 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it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1825.23,1828.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they didn't like what Congress voted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=1828.08,1830.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They decided they were above the 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weapons,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2188.53,2190.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which Somoza didn't even get to open.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2190.96,2192.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So when,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2193.76,2194.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you'll have some congresspeople,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2194.593,2196.601"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've heard and others 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them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2201.77,2203.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/878","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because United States cut Somoza off, this is not true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2203.68,2206.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/879","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Somoza never ran out of U.S weapons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2206.63,2209.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And even if he was coming close,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2209.17,2210.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was that second loophole that Carter had.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2210.79,2213.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/882","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that was the use of surrogate nations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2213.08,2215.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/883","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When U.S weapons were going to run out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2215.35,2217.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/884","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Carter made sure that other nations would supply Somoza","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2217.95,2221.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/885","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with all the weapons he needed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2221.27,2222.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The prime surrogates","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2222.89,2223.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/887","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that Carter use was Israel and Argentina.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2223.95,2227.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/888","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was the same loophole","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2227.0,2228.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/889","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the Reagan administration used when temporarily,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2228.91,2232.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/890","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Congress had the guts to cut off aid to the Contras.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2232.06,2235.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/891","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because of 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arms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2238.423,2240.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/894","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the Iranians, who we also called terrorists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2240.14,2242.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/895","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then take that money and give it to the Contras.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2242.32,2245.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/896","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But they're also surrogate nations, especially El Salvador","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2245.25,2248.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/897","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Honduras that helped the Contras get U.S aid diverted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2248.26,2251.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/898","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2251.73,2252.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/899","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, the third way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2252.563,2253.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/900","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of getting aid to the Contras, which Senator Kerry","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2253.93,2258.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/901","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from Massachusetts is really the only one","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2258.03,2259.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/902","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who's really pushing right now is the drug connection.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2259.81,2262.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/903","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's a Christic Institute 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connection.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2265.43,2267.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/906","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That the CIA planes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2267.83,2269.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/907","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that have been taking the weapons down","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2269.57,2272.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/908","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the Contras in Nicaragua don't come back empty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2272.4,2275.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/909","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They come back full of drugs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2275.17,2277.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/910","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the CIA allows them to come back full of drugs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2277.26,2279.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/911","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're then sold in the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2279.89,2282.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/912","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This money is then used to buy more weapons,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2282.51,2285.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/913","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which and then send them back to the Contras","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2285.01,2286.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/914","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this has been going back and forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2286.59,2288.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/915","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's very well-documented and it is absolutely,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2288.45,2291.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/916","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, it's almost too horrible to believe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2291.64,2293.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/917","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if I hadn't read document after document after document,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2293.84,2296.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/918","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wouldn't be telling you this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2296.86,2297.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/919","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I would have trouble accepting it myself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2297.86,2299.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/920","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I do have trouble accepting it, but it's true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2299.77,2302.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/921","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In spite of the unending aid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2304.79,2306.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/922","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the Somoza dictatorship,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2307.68,2310.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/923","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Nicaraguan people won their independence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2310.17,2312.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/924","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on July 19th, 1979.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2312.66,2315.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/925","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Notice in the mural, as well as in the documentary photo,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2315.6,2318.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/926","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you have women as well as men in arms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2318.8,2321.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/927","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There been a tremendous outpouring","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2323.142,2324.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/928","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of music, of poetry, of theater,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2324.97,2327.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/929","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of dance, and painting since the overthrow of Somoza.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2327.5,2331.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/930","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'm going to show you of several instances","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2331.76,2334.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/931","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the artwork.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2334.95,2335.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/932","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This building has three murals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2335.783,2338.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/933","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The first side, 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style,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2342.58,2344.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/936","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"called the primitive style,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2344.91,2346.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/937","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of the most popular in Nicaragua today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2346.33,2349.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/938","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you look at details from this mural","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2349.24,2351.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/939","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and compare it with the street 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left,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2355.44,2356.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/942","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you have the woman carrying a basket on her head.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2356.273,2358.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/943","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course they typical street 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comparing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2390.04,2392.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/956","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with poor in the rural areas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2392.1,2394.677"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/957","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When I took the photo on the 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society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2437.23,2440.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/978","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Each of the trips I was down in Nicaragua,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2440.69,2442.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/979","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've been down three 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us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2478.82,2480.617"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/996","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the kitchen, living room, dining room, family room.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2480.617,2483.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/997","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there was no electricity for miles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2483.33,2488.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/998","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And yet there's this electric light bulb hanging.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2488.56,2490.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/999","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so I asked you, after a while, I 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electricity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2494.66,2496.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1002","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for 50, 60 miles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2496.12,2498.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1003","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And she said, \"Well, there's never been electricity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2498.11,2499.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1004","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this area, but the Sandinistas promised to bring it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2499.9,2504.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1005","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so it's 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through.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2513.28,2515.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1010","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I said, \"Well, you got more faith","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2515.49,2516.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1011","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in your government than I'd have, but good luck.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2516.95,2518.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1012","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this was in 1981.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2518.92,2520.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1013","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I went back in '83 and I asked her daughter, I said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2520.743,2523.797"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1014","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Well did they get their electricity yet?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2523.797,2525.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1015","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And she said, \"Yes, they did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2525.57,2527.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1016","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And now they're waiting for the next promise","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2527.46,2530.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1017","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is running water.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2530.09,2531.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1018","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Back in 84,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2531.86,2532.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1019","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I checked 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before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2539.99,2542.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1024","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you could see this pattern repeatedly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2542.9,2546.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1025","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the incredible advances made in the early years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2546.17,2548.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1026","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the revolution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2548.79,2549.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1027","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in areas of house of healthcare and literacy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2549.85,2553.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1028","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and standard of living","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2553.14,2554.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1029","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were all the areas that the Contras attacked.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2554.24,2556.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1030","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You don't attack the army,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2556.44,2557.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1031","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they attack the civilian advances.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2557.3,2559.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1032","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You'll also notice the FSLN initials on the left.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2560.19,2563.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1033","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're very, very pro 70's.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2563.73,2565.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1034","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they put their own FS line on the wall of their house,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2565.58,2568.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1035","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they were also open in their criticisms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2568.91,2571.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1036","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one of their criticisms was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2571.29,2572.213"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1037","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they were still very poor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2572.213,2573.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1038","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The revolution hadn't helped them get rich","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2573.95,2575.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1039","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the Sandinistas wouldn't even help them get pesticides.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2575.97,2578.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1040","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they were too poor to purchase it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2578.83,2581.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1041","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now I know nothing about gardening.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2581.61,2583.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1042","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2583.81,2584.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1043","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm one of these people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2584.643,2585.476"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1044","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that should not be allowed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2585.476,2586.309"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1045","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to own house plants because they all die within two weeks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2586.309,2588.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1046","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"either over watered or usually underwater.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2588.85,2590.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1047","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's usually by neglect.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2590.83,2592.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1048","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But everyone from Southern California knows","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2593.19,2595.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1049","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that organic gardening is better.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2595.54,2597.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1050","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so I opened my mouth","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2597.87,2599.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1051","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and not very grammatically correct Spanish,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2599.35,2602.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1052","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I said, \"Oh, you're better off without pesticides.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2602.26,2604.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1053","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Organic gardening is better.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2604.74,2606.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1054","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I went on to make a total fool of myself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2606.46,2609.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1055","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they were very 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housed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2750.66,2751.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they need to be able to read and write.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2751.57,2754.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so there was a tremendous campaign","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2754.0,2756.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to teach people how to read and write","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2756.27,2758.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it was developed by a brilliant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=2758.62,2760.42"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28230/annotation/1124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/230/original/AV203722_Art_and_Revolution_in_Nicaragua_a.vtt?1622659294","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/230/original/AV203722_Art_and_Revolution_in_Nicaragua_a.vtt?1622659294"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28231","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203722_Art_and_Revolution_in_Nicaragua_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291/transcript/28231/annotation/1125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- One of the first things I learned in Nicaragua is that the audience often does more work than whoever's up performing. So that's, the audience always gets applauded too. It's really a special for me to be here because this is my second trip to Iowa and to this university. So it's really nice to come for the first time but then when they want you back, well then you feel real good. So I want to thank you. And I was always been real important because then you'll see. And every time I give versions of this talk, which I've been doing for about what's the sniping 81 after my first trip, I change it every couple of a couple of weeks, but there's a thematic unity to it. And every time I give the talk, I compare Iowa to Nicaragua because it's the same size and population density. So it's really special to be in the, there's a real affinity for me, between Iowa and in Nicaragua because of this. And I think it'll make it even more poignant for you to have a sense of how much money the United States government is putting into destroying the government of Nicaragua. We think of several hundred million dollars put into destroying a country, the size and population density of your own state. It gives a perspective to what's going on that most people don't have because of the size is always very abstract, but you have a very concrete sense of what happened to the state. If you had hundreds of millions put into building it and helping out the farmers or helping out the universities, apposed to hundreds of millions and fitting it to get destroyed. it's kind of a telling comparison. So I'd like to go right into the slides and then we'll have time for questions and answers. The other one not working? Nothing's happening. Thank you. Let me just see it if it's just, this is not connecting at all. Is there a, still nothing. Backwards it goes great. Oh, okay. I got it. In 1954, the democratically elected government of Guatemala was overthrown by CIA engineered coop. Since then over a hundred thousand Guatemalans, primarily unarmed, primarily Indians have been murdered by a series of military dictatorships. The Guatemala, the poster on the right is referring to two of these dictators, Lucas and Reyes Montt. The same thing. The army is the immediate enemy of the Guatemalan people. Guatemala now has a civilian president, but this, he is really president in name only because even he admits that he has no control over the death squads which are still running free, murdering civilians. 1963, the Dominican Republic had its first democratic election in over 30 years. One Bosch was elected, but there was a right wing coup. As the democratically elected forces, including the army were preparing to put Bosch back into the office he had been elected to, President Johnson sent in the Marines in 1965 to make sure that the right wing stayed in power. 1973, another democratically elected government of Salvadorian in Chile, also overthrown by CIA engineered coupe. Those of you who've seen the film Missing have a slight indication of the level of brutality and torture to happen under the pena ship government which is still in power today. The poster on the right does need translations, but it was interesting cast of characters. A pena ship, the military dictators with the sunglasses behind him, two presidents of the U.S, Ford and Nixon. And behind Nixon's shoulder, you have Henry Kissinger. Kissinger was the architect of the brutal policy in Chile. He's also one of the prime architects of the miserable policy in central America today. In 1983, the tiny Island of Grenada with a population of just about a hundred thousand was invaded by over 5,000 U.S troops. Grenada is still occupied today and many people look upon the invasion of Grenada as a rehearsal and a threat for the invasion of Nicaragua. Nicaragua was a very small country, as I mentioned, the size of population density of Iowa, about 3 million people. Borders on the North of Honduras, South of Costa Rica, and Long Coats on the Atlantic and Pacific. Nicaragua is a very beautiful country. Very plush, tropical landscape, lots of lakes and rivers, and lots of active volcanoes. And the image of the volcano is so prominent in the Nicaraguan landscape that you see it entering the popular art. This poster was made just after the 1979 overthrow of the Somoza dictatorship. And it compares the power of the volcano erupting with the power of the people erupting in revolution. Above the fist, there's a quote from the hero from the 1920s and thirties Augusta Sayso Sandino. And he says, \"I swear before the country and before history that my sword will defend.\" I can't read it from here. \"That my sword will defend the national honor and will be redemption for the oppressed\" Below it says, \"Nicaragua now is free. Our liberation is the war to the death against malnutrition and illness.\" You'll also notice that the volcano in the front is red and black. These are the symbolic colors of the revolution and you'll see these colors combined quite frequently. It's very difficult in the brief time I have here to go over what the situation of art in Nicaragua and the revolution and also talk about what were the causes of the revolution. It would take up a whole seminar and we still wouldn't have the answers to why revolution happens, but certainly one of the main causes is the level of poverty. At the time of the overthrow of the dictator, 70% of the people living in the capital were without running water, without basic sanitation facilities. Now capital is usually the international showcase. It has the highest standard of living generally than any other place in the country. So this gives you an indication of the poverty that Nicaragua had under the dictatorship. Houses like this on the left, dirt floor, shacks, two or three generations of people living in a shack like this. This one's actually kind of lucky because it has a corrugated metal roof. It was just a little bit more watertight than just wood with some cardboard stuck in it as many of the homes had. And of course this is walking distance from houses that look like this. So this extreme difference between the few living in credible wealth by anybody's standards and the majority that lived in abject poverty was obviously a major contributing factor, but it was not the only factor. Photos like this we see in National Geographic a lot, tourist photos see this very clay images, the poor women washing your clothes in the river. Very pretty, but of course not really. Not pretty for them. Again, indication of the abject poverty. What we all we don't think about when we usually see pictures like this is that not only are they washing in the river but they're drinking the same water. And this leads to lots of diseases. The image on the left, the girl is four years old. I don't know if she survived. This is really the ultimate I think cause, the ground line cause for revolution was when people see their children die from diseases associated with malnutrition or diseases that they could cure if they could afford a doctor and afford medical care. And they can't, but they'll see a few hundred yards away that vets are called in from another city to take care of the birth of a prized cow, but their own child can't get medical treatment. And after seeing children die for reasons that could be prevented, I think this is probably the bottom line for people. And they said, \"Enough.\" And they decided to change the system. The image on the right, again, another image of poverty, a woman doing daycare for her five kids. And I really empathize with that photo. Now I only have one, but she's one years old. And I can't imagine this woman with five and making just barely subsistence living with selling paper goods for candles for a church. And if you look at how art treats these kinds of images as the mural on the left, you see it tends to idealize and make it again, a very beautiful picturesque view of what is reality, a very difficult life. So you see the Indian women in the mural, you know, very beautifully selling their wares underneath the image of the church, which is very prominent in the Nicaraguan life. Another detail from the mural on the left, this mural by the way is in one of the large modern, practically the main, the only large modern supermarket in Nicaragua. It was walking distance from the Villa where a dictator himself lived. It was a very expensive supermarket, not the kind that most of us shop. Prices were very expensive, comparable to the United States. Usually imported goods from the United States were in the market. And if you look at the detail on the left, again, there's two men, one with the beard and mustache, the other with the basket and the chicken, the Indian. And the man with the beard and mustache is a Spaniard. And so what we are, the message that we get from this detail is that the Spanish fairly purchased or traded whatever goods they wanted from the indigenous population. Of course we know from history that this is a lie, the Spanish just stole whatever they wanted. But again, this is a very typical use of art which creates a myth of the past, a past that never existed, an idealization. And the Nicaraguans are very conscious of the fact that unless you understand your past, unless you understand your history, you don't understand how you got where you are today, and therefore you really don't have the ability to change the future to control your own destiny. And of course, this is not just the typical for Nicaraguan art before the revolution, and we could look at Egyptian art, Roman art, Greek art, and of course U.S art. If it's sponsored by the government, it tends to give a view and it doesn't even have to be sponsored by the government, it has to be sponsored by sponsors. Okay. You look at the advertisers, like Xerox and IBM sponsoring the TV shows. Again it's going to have a view of reality that is not necessarily reality, but the view they would like us to think reality is. I like to compare it with our own Indian head nickel. It has the word liberty over the head of the Indian. I think the point is made because that's as big a piece of lying propaganda as one could imagine, obviously the Indians have never had liberty in this country. Another mural painted right after the revolution. And this is also in a marketplace which has several galleries. And this is part of an exhibit of, dedicated to 20 years of struggle. And you'll see that here, the Indians and the Spanish are shown in a very different relationship. The Spanish are showing as enslaving and massacring Indians. You also noticed there are three different styles of painting in this mural, two of which you see here, Each style indicates a different political reality. So on the left, you have the bright, colored flat, two dimensional style associated with the indigenous culture. And as soon as the Spanish come on the right, you see the style change in to a three-dimensional illusionistic European style. In the middle of the right, you'll also notice a crucifix made up of the Spanish spheres and the indigenous symbols of the intertwined snakes. The Spanish conquered with two weapons, the first weapon military, the second weapon religion. After taking control politically by forcing conversion on the indigenous population, by forcing them to become Catholics, it was the way of separating them from their own culture and therefore making them easier to control. Under Catholicism, people also taught don't complain about your lot in life now, you'll receive your reward in the next life. And so it was another form of control. Nicaragua is still a very religious country, 80 to 85% Catholic 10 to 15% Protestant. And if you were to travel throughout Nicaragua, you probably could find a religious procession, such as the one on the left at any week of the year in a different community, where the whole town would follow behind the statues of the local patrons saint. This dance is called El Gregoire. It's the oldest recorded dance after the arrival of the Spanish. And if you look at the face, blonde hair, blue eyes, blonde mustache is clearly the face of a Spaniard, but this was not a dance to entertain the Spanish. This is a dance which the Indians developed as a way of dealing with their own oppression, because the dialogue made a mockery of the Spanish. It put the Spanish down and the certain times in the history, the dialogue was actually used to organize people to revolt. So this is very early use of art of culture in social protest. This is a mask from a different community, but also using Spanish faces. But now this mask has been used to hide the identity of young people, teenagers who are fighting against the Somoza dictatorship, using homemade hand grenades or contact bombs. This is a photograph taken in 1978 by New York photojournalists Susan Myzelt, who was one of the first North Americans to thoroughly document visually the Nicaraguan revolution. The Spanish took over in the early 16th century and left in the early 19th century. When they left Nicaragua in 1821, the United States immediately became interested, in fact in all of Central America. So you see the map superimposed over the U.S flag. In Nicaragua, there was gold and silver and by the middle of the 19th century, U.S banks controlled all of these minerals. To this day, the Nicaraguans have no idea how many tons of the minerals were removed from their country because no records are kept, which were accessible to the Nicaraguans. Then in 1848, gold was discovered in California. And this was before there was a canal, and this was before there was a cross continental railroad. So the people on the East coast of the United States were looking for a relatively fast way of getting to the West coast, finding their fortune, and then going back again. By stagecoach across the States took about six months. So that wasn't the preferred route. Five steep trips companies decided to take people by boat to Panama. Stagecoach across Panama, because again, it was the shortest land piece to cross and then boat the other end, but Cornelius Vanderbilt, the man you see in the middle of the right slide with the brown jacket, balding, surrounded by bags of money and cheap peasant labor. He decided to take advantage of all those lakes and rivers in Nicaragua. And he took five days off the trip. So his route became the most popular, and in 19th century dollars, not 20th century inflated figures, Vanderbilt profited at a minimum of $1 million a year, just taking people through Nicaragua. The Nicaraguans by the way, didn't get any of that money. So Vanderbilt obviously had a strong interest in keeping access through Nicaragua. A few years later, another aspect of U.S history had the direct impact on Nicaragua. The Civil War broke out in 1860, but as you have in any war, you have a period of increasing tension, increasing hostility, where it sides are being drawn. So this was the case in 1855, just preceding the Civil War. The man you see in the upper right-hand corner in the blue jacket and the shackles, his name is William Walker. He was a slave owner from Tennessee. He practiced law for a while in California. And he, in fact there's a filming being made of him right now that they were working on with a U.S company in Nicaragua. And it should be released, I think before the end of the year. I'm not recommending it. I'm just saying there's one. I haven't seen this. So I don't know what kind of story they'll tell. But Walker wen down to Nicaragua in 1855 of the mercenary army, threw out the president of Nicaragua, made himself president, received diplomatic recognition by the U.S government as official president of Nicaragua, installed English as the official language. Cause he didn't want to bother learning Spanish and re-instituted slavery, which had been abolished when Nicaragua became independent from Spain. The purpose of this was the a long range plan which actually included Mexico and all of Central America. But the idea was to annex Nicaragua as a slave state into the Southern United States, pushing the balance and favor of the slave states of the South and against the abolition of states to the North. Fortunately for all of us, this plan did not succeed because two years later, 1857, Walker was thrown out by an army from what are now the countries of Guatemala, El Salvador, and Costa Rica. And this army was in part subsidized by Cornelius Vanderbilt because Walker took over Vanderbilt's million dollar a year steamship line through Nicaragua. So you had the U.S players in a bit of conflict of interest. But the image of the shackles in Walker's hand are very prominent image in the Nicaraguan art today. The shackles being broken, we won, we are free. We will never again return to be slaves. And you see first, the slavery under the Spanish, the slavery under William Walker, and the slavery under the Somoza dictatorship. U.S Marines invaded Nicaragua 10 times during the 19th and 20th centuries, 9 of those times was before the Soviet Union even existed. So when Ronald Reagan tries to tell us that this is an east-west conflict, he wants us to forget our own history as well. The photo on the right was taken during the U.S occupation in 1927. Now one would assume because of the very frequent and brutal history of U.S intervention in Nicaragua that there would be a lot of anti-US sentiment and that this would then be reflected in the art. And one of the things that I have tried to document is the anti-US sentiment in the art. And I've always found some, but I've always been very surprised at how relatively little I have found, given the history. The strongest anti-US image I ever found was this one. It's a larger than life sized mural. By the way, it no longer exists. It was a whitewash sometime between 1983 and 1984, but it was there and painted between 80 and 81. And it's a larger than life size image of a U.S Marine. His face is a skull. He has a U.S flag across his chest and he is holding and is surrounded by decapitated heads. I confess when I first saw this mural, I was totally turned off. I said, \"Well, you have exaggerations on all sides.\" I mean, you can be anti U.S, but this is a pretty hideous image of being anti-U.S. And then three years ago, Rolling Stone magazine published a series of photos from the U.S National Archives in Washington, DC, taken by the Marine Corps, documenting their own occupation of Nicaragua in the late twenties. And I came across this photo. It's a U.S Marine. He's holding the head of a Nicaraguan who dared to fight against the occupation. It's a signed and dated photo. Mandapa, 1930, and I've subsequently met the researcher that uncovered this. And she told me that on the back of it, there's a little pencil notation that says, \"I don't think this photo should be made public.\" Well it's pretty obvious why not. Apparently, this, I've also subsequently learned that this was fairly standard procedure, that the Marines would decapitate the heads of leaders of the resistance in Nicaragua, put them outside their own towns on a pole as a way of terrorizing the community into submission. Don't fight back. This is what will happen to you. So I mean, the very fact that this photograph was taken I think can only remind us of the concentration camps and the Nazis, you know, bragging about that. A lot of people have responded to the photo saying, \"Yes it's horrible, but it's over 50, almost 60 years ago. And this kind of thing doesn't happen any longer.\" This is a photograph of a drawing done by an 11 year old El Salvadoran child. She drew what she saw happened to her parents by the army of El Salvador, an army whose entire military budget, military equipment, and military training comes from U.S tax dollars. Well over a million dollars had been pushed and poured into the Salvadoran army. And again, we have to take credit for this. She's now a refugee living in England. And then in two years ago, a U.S college student published a couple of photos in Newsweek and Life Magazine that you may have seen. This is one of them. He supports the Reagan's mercenary terrorists army, known as the Contras. And he got their permission to travel with them while they do their do their work, because he liked their work. And they gave him permission and he traveled with them and he photographed them with a Nicaraguan prisoner of war. They made him dig his own grave, lie in it, and then slit his throat while he was still alive. And then he came back and he sold the photos to Newsweek and Life. And this, he is someone who support the Contras. So again, this is brought to you by U.S tax dollars. The U.S, just focusing on the 20th century interventions, the U.S Marines invaded Nicaragua in 1910. Again, before the Soviet Union existed, the Russian revolution hadn't happened yet because in 1910, the president of Nicaragua was working out a trade agreement with Great Britain. Great Britain was considered an economic rival to the United States and using the Monroe doctrine as a justification. the U.S administration decided that we have the right to decide who is going to do business with him in this hemisphere. So the Nicaraguan president was thrown out, a puppet was put in, and the Marines occupied Nicaragua from 1910 to 1926. They left in 26 thinking that things were under control, excuse me that was 1912 to 1926. Left in 26, thinking that things were under control, but they were wrong. A guerrilla war had started and the death toll started against the puppet government was rising. So the Marines were sent back in 1927 and they stayed until 1934. During the second stage of this occupation in Nicaragua, an anti intervention movement began in the United States, comparable to the anti intervention movement that's going on today around U.S involvement in Central America. I never knew that this existed, even though I was a history major at university, because it's not in your standard class textbooks. And this shouldn't be surprising because if you look into the high school textbooks now, and you look up Vietnam War, you're lucky to find a paragraph. So again, we have a problem keeping in touch with our own history when it's something that's not very popular. These are two editorial cartoons from U.S newspapers in 1927, 1928. On the left is a Calvin Coolidge who by the way is one of Reagan's heroes, often in press conferences, you'll find it a photograph of Coolidge from the back of Reagan. And he has the government bulletin board of the excuses used to justify the intervention in Nicaragua. Alibi number one, it's the red plot in every single one of these things. 50 years later, we're hearing still. Alibi number two, we're neutral. Alibi number three, we're defending American lives and property, that is verbatim what they said before going into Grenada. And alibi number four to safeguard the paper rights in an unbuilt canal. This is actually being revived, because the Panama Canal will probably be obsolete by the year 2000 for the super takers, it will be too small. So again, the people looking for a another route, Nicaragua potential route, which Nicaragua was originally the first choice for the canal before Panama was chosen, because of all those lakes and rivers. So again, Nicaragua was a potential canal sight is being looked at. And again, the United States wants to be able to control it. If you don't like these excuses, I'll think of another. On the right, another editorial cartoon. If this is isn't intervention, what is it? Again a sarcastic denial of intervention going on. It's like when the CIA mined the Nicaraguan Harbor and said, \"Well that's new, we didn't do it.\" When the Marines came back in 26, as I mentioned. a guerrilla war started, I'm sorry, when they came back in 27. And the body bag count was so high that as I mentioned again, the protest started on the streets of the United States. They didn't want any more of U.S boys getting killed, with good reason. The reason that the guerrilla war was so successful was because of a man we see above the photograph and the mural Augusta Cesar Sandino, you see him in the checkered shirt in the photo. And in the third style of the painting, the style of the revolution, the style of the red and black. Next to Sandino in both the photo and the mural is a Salvadoran by the name of Fara Bundo Marti. The two of them fought together in Nicaragua, against the U.S occupation in the twenties and thirties. And it's very important for us to remember that the revolutionary movements have started in Nicaragua and El Salvador in the 1960s and seventies, take their name and their inspiration from these two men from the 1920s. So the guerrilla movement in El Salvador calls itself the FaraBundo Marti Liberation Front, after Fara Bundo window on the right. And of course the Sandinistas in Nicaragua take their name from San Dino. They couldn't beat Sandino, but in deference to the increasing protest at home, they decided to pull the U.S troops out. This was the same thing that happened during the Vietnam War. When protests became too loud, it was too disruptive of our situation in the United States that the U.S troops were pulled out of Vietnam. The idea was to Vietnamized the war. In other words, have the South Vietnamese fight as surrogates, using U.S weapons, U.S direction, but they would be fighting as surrogates for the United States, therefore U.S boys wouldn't be dying, just third world boys would be dying and then nobody would care. This was the idea. This was the same idea in Nicaragua. Take the U.S boys home. You'll have third world boys killing each other. And nobody in the streets of LA is going to mind anymore. They found in Nicaragua, living in Pennsylvania, he was selling used cars before he went to work for the Rockefeller Foundation, his name Anastasia Somoza and they made him head of the Nicaraguan Marine Corps, which they call the National Guard. You see him in the middle of the right slide, being controlled by the Marriott. The hand coming down from the top, which is the hand of the United States controlling the marionette of Somoza. Somoza himself is holding a puppet. And it is the puppet of a cousin of his by the name of Sacasa, who was also the president, but the president really in name only because Somoza had the total power. After a couple of years, not even a couple of years, it was about 10 or 12 months, Somoza decided he wanted the prestige going along with the power. And so he kicked out the president and made himself president for life. We've heard that title before, the most recently in Haiti, and also maintained the title of head of the National Guard. He received U.S honors diplomatic recognition by our own government, having shown with Franklin Delano Roosevelt, who characterized Somoza very bluntly. He said, \"Somoza is a son of a bitch, but he's our son of a bitch.\" They couldn't beat Sandino, so they invited him, this was again, worked with the United States government. They invited Sandino to a peace treaty and this is when Sandino came down to sign the peace treaty. On the far left, you see Somoza and the center Sandino and on to his right is Sacasa. Immediately following the signing of the peace treaty, Sandino was assassinated. This was in February of 1934. The role of the United States in establishing literally stabbing Sandino them the back, after the signing of the peace treaty, should give us all some serious pause to think about the current peace negotiations right now with the Guatemalan peace plan known as the Arias Plan, which the U.S government is trying very hard to undermine and given the history of U.S respect to peace plans in the region, I think that the Nicaraguans have a good deal to be cautious about. The skull with the word democracy across it is not democracy as I would assume, as I would hope everyone in this room believes democracy is supposed to be, it is democracy in name only, in substance, in form. It is dictatorship. It is death. It is what the Reagan administration referred to when he talked about the government of Marcos as a good democratic ally, until he was forced to step back from that position. It was what he referred, what he meant more recently when he talked about the government of South Korea as a good democratic ally. And he's having to pull back from that position as well. But I think the most telling meaning for the the total subversion of democracy is what was revealed in the recent conjugate hearings. When the highest government officials of this country totally thwarted the constitution of the United States. Disregarded it, I mean, the, the quote has been shredded it, because they didn't like what Congress voted. They decided they were above the law. And if they're able to do that to the government in this country, democracy here is under attack. And we need to be very aware of that because unless we work to struggle to defend democracy at home, we're all going to be in problems. Wait a second. The first Somoza was assassinated in 1956 by a poet, Rigoberto Lopez Paris. You also see that also on the last slide, but this is what we call a hereditary presidency. Somoza had two sons, each of whom became president. The Nicaragua is not a climate conducive to football, but if it's made in the United States, it's considered to be very, very popular. The younger son, number 17 received his military training at West point, he preferred to speak English. He considered it demeaning to speak Spanish. He, his name is same as the father on Anastasio Somoza. And now he became president after his brother died. You see him again in the middle of the murals, surrounded by the National Guard. Beneath him is an image of rape. It's possible that the son was even more brutal than the father, because this is a symbol of the rape of the country. The rape of Nicaragua. Things became so bad that in 1961, the second guerrilla war in Nicaragua's history started taking its name and its inspiration from Sandino. So the initials that you see FSLN stands for the Sandinista National Liberation Front. The man that you see next to the initials, also in the red and black style, his name is Carlos Fonseca. He was one of the founders of the FSLN in 1961 and as many of the Nicaraguans, he is a poet. And one of his poems refers to the new day, the new dawn, the sunrise of the people, we no longer have to be afraid of the new day for the first time in our history. The future is within our own control. And that's the meaning of the sunburst behind his head. And it's a very popular image in the Nicaraguan art. This is a social welfare building, out of the rays of the rising sun come the revolutionary fist. A cultural center with portraits up of Fonseco and Sandino on the sides. And again, the rising sun with the initials FSLN. In 1973, there was a devastating earthquake in Managua. 15,000 people were killed, 170,000 people were left homeless. We've had recent earthquake tragedies in Mexico City, in San Salvador. LA had not nearly, not, I mean by these standards, LA got off light a couple of weeks ago, but still, this was a, one of the worst tragedies that we've seen. The international aid that was sent was very very high, but the medicine, the food, the blankets, all the aid that was sent down on this level was not given to the people who needed it. Somoza gave it to the National Guard. They sold it to the people who needed it on the black market. So this is how Somoza kept the guard in control, by giving them these fringes. But Somoza looked out for himself as well, because he had the only cement factory, the only construction company, and the best land outside the earthquake fault area. So if you needed your house or your business repaired or rebuilt or needed to build from scratch, outside the earthquake filed range, you had to go to Somoza. Before the earthquakes Somoza was worth about $250 million. This is an individual. A few years after the earthquake, he was worth over $500 million. So he didn't even help his traditional allies, the middle classes help get their businesses reestablished. And following the earthquake Somoza, I'm sorry, the Sandanistas received a lot of support from across the board, from all classes of Nicaraguan society. There's also a little side story in the mural on the left. You see those veins, blood veins coming in and out of bags of money? He had a little side business that he had with a doctor who left Cuba when Castro came about power. And Somoza and this Cuban doctor set up a blood bank. Now, at this point in time, we had a population in Nicaragua of just about 2 million. And half of them were under 15 years old and very poor. And by inviting the poor in, giving them a little food, giving them a little money, and taking blood, Somoza became the largest supplier of whole blood in the world to the United States, out of again, a population smaller than Iowa at that time. He profited a $12 million a year with this little side business. So it's no wonder they called him the vampire, that he literally was sucking the blood and selling the blood of his own people. Some of you may remember when ABC News correspondent Bill Stewart was assassinated. He was broadcasting in the capital of Managua. He was unarmed. The National Guard made him prove that he was unarmed, which he did by kneeling and putting his arms out. But then he was shot point blank in the head. There was a fictionalized version of this event that in the film called Under Fire, where another, a newspaper reporter was murdered. But truth is stranger than fiction, because not only was he murdered but the video camera was going the whole time and the footage was broadcast internationally. President Carter at that point, when everybody saw this massacre was forced to invoke his human rights policy and say, \"No more aid to Somoza.\" And many of us believed him, including myself. Subsequently found out that Carter had a couple of loopholes, which he kept for himself. The first loophole, he said, \"No more aid to Somoza\" But any aid that had already been promised continued to be sent. This is a warehouse full of U.S weapons, which Somoza didn't even get to open. So when, you'll have some congresspeople, I've heard and others say that the Sandinistas only came to power because the United States let them, because United States cut Somoza off, this is not true. Somoza never ran out of U.S weapons. And even if he was coming close, there was that second loophole that Carter had. And that was the use of surrogate nations. When U.S weapons were going to run out, Carter made sure that other nations would supply Somoza with all the weapons he needed. The prime surrogates that Carter use was Israel and Argentina. This was the same loophole that the Reagan administration used when temporarily, Congress had the guts to cut off aid to the Contras. Because of course, now we know who the conjugate here is the elaborate way that they went to sell arms to the Iranians, who we also called terrorists and then take that money and give it to the Contras. But they're also surrogate nations, especially El Salvador and Honduras that helped the Contras get U.S aid diverted to them. And of course, the third way of getting aid to the Contras, which Senator Kerry from Massachusetts is really the only one who's really pushing right now is the drug connection. There's a Christic Institute suit. I don't know how many of you have heard of that that's also dealing with the drug connection. That the CIA planes that have been taking the weapons down to the Contras in Nicaragua don't come back empty. They come back full of drugs and the CIA allows them to come back full of drugs. They're then sold in the United States. This money is then used to buy more weapons, which and then send them back to the Contras and this has been going back and forth. It's very well-documented and it is absolutely, I mean, it's almost too horrible to believe. And if I hadn't read document after document after document, I wouldn't be telling you this because I would have trouble accepting it myself. I do have trouble accepting it, but it's true. In spite of the unending aid to the Somoza dictatorship, the Nicaraguan people won their independence on July 19th, 1979. Notice in the mural, as well as in the documentary photo, you have women as well as men in arms. There been a tremendous outpouring of music, of poetry, of theater, of dance, and painting since the overthrow of Somoza. And I'm going to show you of several instances of the artwork. This building has three murals. The first side, actually, you already saw the detail, the victorious homecoming. The second side is a very different style, called the primitive style, one of the most popular in Nicaragua today. And if you look at details from this mural and compare it with the street life, you'll see how closely they relate. On the left, you have the woman carrying a basket on her head. Of course they typical street scene. On the left, you have the horse-drawn taxi. Also very typical, especially with the war, with the shortage of gasoline, with the U.S embargo against Nicaragua. They've been having to develop alternate forms of transportation. And on the left, you have graffiti on the wall and graffiti is a national pastime in Nicaragua. The idea is you put your political views on somebody else's wall. So you have all kinds of graffiti everywhere. Another detail from the mural comparing with poor in the rural areas. When I took the photo on the right, the bus had broken down, we all had to get off. And I said, \"Oh, isn't this beautiful with the flowers and the thatched roof?\" And the fog was rolling in and their really were pigs and chickens running around. It was only after I got home and I was looking at my slides and I became extremely embarrassed that I remembered my attitude when I took the picture. I took the picture caause I thought isn't that pretty? And then I realized that I had just total distanced from the poverty in this situation. Tried hard as I did, you know to leave my 1987 California self home with me, you can't do that. And you can't just unzip self and step out. And so I was constantly confronted with a not terribly attractive view of myself from the eyes of another society. Each of the trips I was down in Nicaragua, I've been down three times, I stayed with a middle-class family and the woman is a nurse. The man is an accountant and this, I don't have a photo of their house, but this is her mother and that's her mother's house. And they, the mother used to be a cook for one of Somozas relatives before the war. And after, she swore she wasn't gonna be anyone's servant again. And so she and her husband rent a small piece of land, they're farmers. They're very poor and take away three people from this photo and the rest of them live in this basically one and a half room dirt floor shack. On the right she's making lunch for us. That's the kitchen, living room, dining room, family room. And there was no electricity for miles. And yet there's this electric light bulb hanging. And so I asked you, after a while, I said, \"How come you have this electric light bulb?\" Because I don't think there was electricity for 50, 60 miles. And she said, \"Well, there's never been electricity in this area, but the Sandinistas promised to bring it. And so it's easier to wire the house as you're building it then later. So that's what we did.\" And it's almost like an icon hanging up there, waiting for the light to come through. So I said, \"Well, you got more faith in your government than I'd have, but good luck.\" So this was in 1981. I went back in '83 and I asked her daughter, I said, \"Well did they get their electricity yet?\" And she said, \"Yes, they did. And now they're waiting for the next promise which is running water.\" Back in 84, And I checked again. I said, \"Well, did they get the running water yet?\" And she said, \"No, they didn't.\" And the Contras had cut the electric lines. So basically they were back to where they had been before. And you could see this pattern repeatedly, that the incredible advances made in the early years of the revolution in areas of house of healthcare and literacy and standard of living were all the areas that the Contras attacked. You don't attack the army, they attack the civilian advances. You'll also notice the FSLN initials on the left. They're very, very pro 70's. So they put their own FS line on the wall of their house, but they were also open in their criticisms. And one of their criticisms was that they were still very poor. The revolution hadn't helped them get rich and the Sandinistas wouldn't even help them get pesticides. And they were too poor to purchase it. Now I know nothing about gardening. Okay? I'm one of these people that should not be allowed to own house plants because they all die within two weeks, either over watered or usually underwater. It's usually by neglect. But everyone from Southern California knows that organic gardening is better. And so I opened my mouth and not very grammatically correct Spanish, I said, \"Oh, you're better off without pesticides. Organic gardening is better.\" And I went on to make a total fool of myself. And they were very polite. They weren't rude like I deserved. And instead they invited me to come with them into the field. And I went and they showed me how they spend between eight and 10 hours every day, handpicking the worms off of the corn, so the crops aren't destroyed. And You know about corn fields better than I did at that point, you don't have to touch anything, but it touches you. They are real close together. And then of my 15 or 20 minutes in that cornfield, I had those worms everywhere. I had them on my hair, had them on my clothes and if I had access to any pesticide, I probably would have taken a bath in it and then said, \"Enjoy it. And don't worry about the warning label you know, sorry I opened up my big mouth.\" But this isn't again another example of how I was confronted with myself in a not very flattering way. Two more details, I'm sorry. On the right is one of the about 20,000 new houses that have been built specifically to replace the level of poverty that you see on the left. This is not middle-class housing. This is housing for the working poor, people pay what they can afford to pay. But there's a great shortage of, they probably need over a hundred thousand such as housing, such as this. There are a lot of international groups from United States. from Europe that are volunteering, building these houses. But this is again one of the areas that the Contras attack. If you burn the house down, you haven to divert all that many more resources into building it up again. Two more details from the mural. And these are showing a school lesson on the left. On the right, the demonstration, people holding banners saying \"Literacy is liberation.\" We turn the corner, the third style, the third mural on this building a very different style, again, very modern but also dealing with literacy. The, one of the legacies of the Somoza years was a 56% national illiteracy rate That's over half the population, including the people in the cities, over half the population could not read and write. And the Nicaraguans understood that just by getting rid of the dictatorship, a democracy doesn't form instantaneously. A democracy is something that has to be developed. It has to be created. It has to be nurtured and people need the tools to create a democratic society. They need to be fed. They need to be clothed. They need to be housed and they need to be able to read and write. And so there was a tremendous campaign to teach people how to read and write and it was developed by a brilliant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116291#t=0.0,2765.00898"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - 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[Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e We're gonna tune in into the Nicaraguan history crusade","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=5.825,9.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which by the way was resolved.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=9.14,11.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're gonna go on right ahead of literacy crusade","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=11.24,12.948"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was increased beyond the curve and all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=12.948,15.427"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the paitrecy in the neural on the right","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=15.427,17.217"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the actual page front","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=17.217,19.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in literacy lesson","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=19.0,20.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It says the masses made instruction but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=20.68,24.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's exactly what they did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=24.02,25.747"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They look upon the war against illiteracy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=27.5,29.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"literally as a war,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=29.57,31.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As we see military images,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=31.31,33.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the left of the struggle of yesterday","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=33.36,35.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we commemorate the first anniversary of a revolution and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=35.31,37.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the struggle of today we are currently in literacy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=37.55,41.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We will realize the dream of Carlos Fonseca","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=41.73,44.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On the right with this advanced brigade","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=45.76,48.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let us raise barricades of notebooks and Blackboard,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=48.77,51.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let us make the cultural interaction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=51.96,53.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you knew how to read and write you are encouraged","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=56.704,58.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to help someone else learn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=58.68,60.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Every factory is required to set time and place aside","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=60.94,64.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to teach people how to read and write.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=64.45,66.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This man on the left in his workplace he","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=66.63,69.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was getting paid for eight hour Workday.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=69.66,71.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of those hours he was getting on the job site","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=71.97,74.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"literacy lesson.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=74.52,75.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Next boxes, beer bottle cups","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=78.32,81.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean they don't throw anything away, everything","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=81.08,83.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"every aspect of the society that could possibly be recycled","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=83.63,87.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was geared in for the literacy campaign.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=87.12,89.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you literally chose a bottle of beer, by the letters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=89.22,92.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you needed for your version of Nicaragua's scrabble.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=92.58,95.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The post on the left is interesting because Spanish is 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This is a mistake because while the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=117.93,120.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"West coast is Spanish speaking the East coast is not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=120.95,124.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's a large black population 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women.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=710.8,713.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is a very high percentage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=713.01,714.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I understand in El Salvador and Guatemala 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cocktail","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=755.58,757.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but women also fought against the dictatorship much earlier.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=757.47,761.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They fought with 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battalion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=773.52,775.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or this woman in her fifties.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=775.16,777.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The army which is a professional army is primarily 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to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=787.38,790.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"join the militia, that there is no contradiction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=790.15,793.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between being a mother and being in the militia","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=793.02,795.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the right, everyone to the militia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=795.29,797.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Look for your center of instruction on the left.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=797.31,800.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thanks mom for defending our happiness","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=800.45,802.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"little hearts and flowers there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=802.27,803.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The slide on the left is an actual page from the English","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=808.58,812.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"literacy texts but this was the same text in all languages.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=812.44,816.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's quite amazing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=816.72,818.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can you imagine having a reading lesson like that here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=818.32,821.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it'd be quite wonderful if we did,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=821.03,823.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's amazing on two levels,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=823.5,825.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first talking about the exploitation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=825.01,827.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of women in a school text is quite remarkable,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=827.04,829.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it doesn't say that women are now liberated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=829.94,832.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's saying that the revolution now makes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=832.95,835.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their liberation possible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=835.27,836.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they're being very honest in the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=836.56,838.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that women's liberation still has a long way to go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=838.4,841.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is part of the consciousness raising effort","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=841.35,844.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on behalf of women's rights that occurs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=844.33,846.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you have people talking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=846.6,847.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about texts like this, read texts like this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=847.73,849.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all ages in all languages read texts like this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=849.74,853.029"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It raises people's consciousness.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=853.029,855.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is one way of changing the situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=855.5,857.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The other way is to eliminate any law that discriminates","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=857.82,860.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against women.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=860.98,861.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's what the headline on the right proclaims:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=861.86,864.027"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Father and Mother now given equal rights\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=864.027,867.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They have a new constitution in Nicaragua","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=867.13,869.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was just passed this year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=869.1,870.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in it, women are given complete equal rights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=870.81,873.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"under the law;","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=873.24,874.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They can not lose their job because of illness.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=877.24,880.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The most remarkable part of this law of this constitution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=880.04,883.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that it says that in matters of domestic work,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=883.37,886.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all members of the household,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=886.81,888.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"men and women must equally share.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=888.43,891.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, that's pretty controversial.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=891.28,893.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anyway, I say that to high school audiences","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=893.27,895.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this has massive groan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=895.73,897.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What does that one mean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=898.94,900.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Does it mean that you got to throw somebody","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=900.403,901.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in jail for not washing the dishes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=901.92,903.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, you're not giving him a parking ticket","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=903.78,905.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for not washing the dishes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=905.01,905.905"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some of the time I feel like it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=905.905,906.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I confess sometimes it sounds","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=906.9,908.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like a good idea, but obviously that's not practical.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=908.74,911.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the fact of having that law on the books, the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=912.94,915.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of having that law debated publicly for several years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=915.93,919.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was a very controversial law.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=919.32,921.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The fact of talking about it raises people's consciousness.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=921.5,924.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Women start realizing that, Hey","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=924.92,926.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they have the right to expect help in homework","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=926.46,931.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the men start realizing all the handwriting's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=931.8,933.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the wall.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=933.77,934.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you start seeing these changes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=934.75,936.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My first trip in 1981 I never saw a man doing 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anymore.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1046.22,1047.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They'll become communist.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1047.76,1049.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the progressive church came up with 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She's presumed dead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1536.09,1538.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All women prisoners, no matter how young or how old,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1538.83,1541.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were always raped by the Contras.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1541.15,1542.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course this is who they're up against.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1545.198,1547.448"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Sandinistas have a very professional 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Are the civilian malicious.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1577.6,1581.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kids 15 year olds like on the left.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1581.09,1583.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you are 15 and you have your parents' 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He had seen it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1657.61,1660.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He knew that. One of the surviving witnesses have testified","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1660.48,1664.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or actually several have testified.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1664.82,1666.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was still alive, but wounded.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1666.65,1669.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of the Contras came over to him","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1669.06,1670.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and shot him point blank and hit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1670.81,1673.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nobody can convince me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1673.2,1675.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that a US citizen's names is gonna be on a hit list","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1675.19,1678.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a Contras gonna assassinate him","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1678.57,1681.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without the person who's paying the Contras bills","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1681.15,1683.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"knowing that and getting approval.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1683.93,1686.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay. So again, if the buck stops here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1687.27,1690.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the buck stops with the government of this country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1690.03,1692.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For not only the assassination of Benjamin Linder,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1692.2,1694.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"assassinations of also have thousands of Nicaraguans,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1694.93,1698.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but also for the mutilation recently of Brian 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disobedience","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1704.55,1707.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in San Francisco.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1707.3,1709.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Sheriff's department, the Navy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1709.0,1711.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had all been warned a week ahead of time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1711.24,1713.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The civil disobedience was going to occur,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1713.66,1715.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this railroad track, this day, this time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1715.7,1719.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Somebody gave an order for the train to come through.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1719.06,1721.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we really need to do everything we can immediately","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1724.07,1727.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to support the peace process that's going now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1727.78,1730.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in central America to prevent any more Contra aid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1730.32,1733.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from going down there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1733.12,1734.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to do whatever we can to stop the escalation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1734.24,1737.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this war against the people of Central America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1737.22,1739.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1739.803,1741.376"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience:\u003c/strong\u003e (claps)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=1741.376,1744.459"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28232/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/232/original/AV203722_Art_and_Revolution_in_Nicaragua_b.vtt?1622659300","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/232/original/AV203722_Art_and_Revolution_in_Nicaragua_b.vtt?1622659300"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28233","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203722_Art_and_Revolution_in_Nicaragua_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292/transcript/28233/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- We're gonna tune in into the Nicaraguan history crusade which by the way was resolved. We're gonna go on right ahead of literacy crusade was increased beyond the curve and all the paitrecy in the neural on the right is the actual page front in literacy lesson It says the masses made instruction but that's exactly what they did. They look upon the war against illiteracy literally as a war, As we see military images, on the left of the struggle of yesterday we commemorate the first anniversary of a revolution and with the struggle of today we are currently in literacy. We will realize the dream of Carlos Fonseca On the right with this advanced brigade let us raise barricades of notebooks and Blackboard, let us make the cultural interaction. If you knew how to read and write you are encouraged to help someone else learn. Every factory is required to set time and place aside to teach people how to read and write. This man on the left in his workplace he was getting paid for eight hour Workday. One of those hours he was getting on the job site literacy lesson. Next boxes, beer bottle cups I mean they don't throw anything away, everything every aspect of the society that could possibly be recycled was geared in for the literacy campaign. So you literally chose a bottle of beer, by the letters that you needed for your version of Nicaragua's scrabble. The post on the left is interesting because Spanish is the smallest and the least significant of the languages. The other languages are Miskito, English and Sumo. In Nicaragua the Sandinistas has made a large mistake in the literacy crusade, now its been trying to teach people to read and write only in Spanish. This is a mistake because while the West coast is Spanish speaking the East coast is not. There's a large black population descendants of British slaves they speak English. There also the indigenous groups of Miskito, Sumo, and Rama, they all have their own language. And these groups complained that the Sandinistas were not respecting their own culture, their own traditions by trying to teach them Spanish. That Sandinistas then took the criticism and went on to produce all literacy literature in all languages the billboards, the posters, the books, and that can go all the way through high school, learning in your primary language. And if that is not Spanish then you learn Spanish in the secondary language, So if you wanna go to the university which are only in Spanish, you will be able to do so. The illiteracy rate in Nicaragua dropped to 56% to below 15%, this is at about a fourth grade level. The goal then became to every year raise it to a fifth grade, then the sixth grade and the seventh grade till ideally sometime in the future it would be at a high school level. On the right is a continuing adult education class to every year advanced at one more year. But you see there's a lot of kids nine and ten years old next to the people in their fifties and sixties, because some of these kids are not going to school during the day. They need to help with childcare. They need to have work to help support their family, so they're not going to school during the day. So still they're making progress but it's slow. Schools and teachers are also prime targets of the contras. Many teachers have been murdered by them. Many schools have been burnt down. I also want to compare the illiteracy rate in the United States is 20% and rising. If you count the number of people in this country, our country that cannot read a newspaper that are considered functionally illiterate, the illiteracy rate in the United States jumps to 30%. I mean that's a crime that with our resources that literacy should be so neglected and obviously It's another reason that democracy is going to be threatened in this country, if we allow people to remain illiterate. There was also a non-existent healthcare system, unless you are very wealthy you afford private medical care. There are still private medical care available in Nicaragua, doctors can have a private practice, but if you cannot afford it there's also a free medical system, you don't have to pay anything at all. They also had to teach people, basic sanitation techniques, wash your hands before picking up the baby, get rid of the trash, deal with malaria on the right by getting rid of stagnant water. And they used images to do this again people were still illiterate, so the pictures were very functional. on the left our health begins with cleanliness . On the right you have an enemy in your house. Look for it, eliminate it the reward, health for everyone. A very graphic billboard, showing a child with diarrhea can die. Take them immediately to the closest re-hydration center, this is one of the highest causes of infant mortality. By the way 50% of all Nicaraguan children under 10 years old died because of diseases associated with malnutrition and dehydration. Nestle's baby formula was big in Nicaragua and women were told that breastfeeding cause breast cancer. So this also contributed to the high infant mortality rate, because when we couldn't afford to give them enough of the formula or they didn't have the sterile facility so that the formula became tainted. Those are the major campaign to encourage and teach women how to breastfeed again, your milk is irreplaceable and is delivered with love. This is also the only exposed breasts that you will see in a public advertisement in Nicaragua because within a month of the revolution they passed a law which prohibited sexual exploitation of images of women in public advertising. Privately you'll still see it but not on any public billboards. And if you want to know what they look like or haven't seen, I got here at night so I haven't seen if you've got those kinds of billboards that we have in LA just go outside any door in LA and there'll be a half naked woman, selling a bottle of beer or a car or something. I assume you have those in Ireland too. Tell me if I'm wrong. I'll correct that. Polio was an epidemic in Nicaragua. Polio is a completely preventable disease. The vaccine was developed in the 1950s in the United States. But again, unless you have access to medical care your kids aren't going to get vaccinated. After the overthrow of Somoza the Sandinistas put an international call for help to vaccinate the entire country. Medical teams were sent by the governments of Mexico, Cuba, Italy, France, Canada, Spain, U S government refused but volunteer medical teams for the United States did go, in fact the photo on the right was one of those groups. They use again the images, even if you can't read that, that says we wanna be healthy, to vaccine is to prevent you would visually understand what it means to see a crutch being thrown away. They use these posters to advertise when the vaccine would be available in your community. In 1982, they managed to completely eradicate polio, there was not one new case of from 79 to 82 it ended. 1984, there wasn't one new case, 1985 I believe there were two new cases because of the Contra war, because of the burning down of health clinics, because of the attacks by the contras on the medical workers. And there's a epidemic in Honduras and the poor people in Honduras also don't have access to the vaccine. The polio again started slowly increasing in Nicaragua. So again one more way that you see how the contra war is having the effect of rolling back the advances. There are many disabled Nicaragua, both as a result of polio and a result of the war. So there's a high consciousness about the rights of the disabled. The poster on the left, The city also must be designed for us, in other words, wheelchair accessibility. The center of the Nicaraguan revolution is the agrarian reform, Somoza owned personally 25% of the best agricultural land in the country. His friends owned much of the rest. While people starved because they had no land and what was grown on the land they couldn't eat coffee, cotton, tobacco, sugar cane. Somoza got rich by selling these things out to United States. So this land that Somoza and his friends controlled has been given over to peasants, People who never owned a stick of dirt in their life, now own their own land. I think it's an ironic thing to mention that the Reagan administration talks about the Sandinistas as a bunch of communists Marxist-Leninist, and yet the reality is they have created more private ownership in the last eight years than in the entire history of Nicaragua prior to them. You see they're using very primitive agricultural techniques, barely industrial revolution with the orchestra drawn plows. There is those pipes are a new irrigation system that the Sandinistas are bringing into areas. We also noticed a man in the back with a gun. He's not a soldier, he's a farmer because the next major target of the contras are the farmers. So you've got the prime targets being the healthcare workers, the teachers, the religious workers and the farmers, those are the four main targets of the contras cause those are the four areas where people's lives have changed the most. If you terrorize the farmer, if you kill the farmer crops will get planted or harvested and therefore people will go hungry again. So it's very common to see an image of farming and a gun is in the poster on the right a single army in defense and production. The war against Nicaragua is a military war. It is a political propaganda war, which is primarily directed at us in the United States. And it is an economic war. The economic war started back in 1981. As soon as Reagan got into office. Somebody in the administration came up with the idea. Let's not send wheat to Nicaragua anymore, they can't grow it. They have become dependent upon white bread. If they don't get their white bread, then there'll be angry with the Sandinistas. And this will lead to destabilization of the Sandinista government. We call this the wonder Bread war. In March of 1981, wheat was cut off to Nicaragua. However, the same week, the embargo that had been in placed in the Soviet union for sending troops into Afghanistan was lifted . 20 million Tons of US wheat was sent to the Soviets and the Nicaraguans are cut off. It makes you wonder where the priorities are and who the enemy is seen. Soviet, whoever did divert some of that wheat to Nicaragua, So they got US wheat after all, but the Soviets got credit right in that space. But US allies such as Canada, France, Venezuela also sent wheat to Nicaragua because they were to help them out. But the Nicaraguans did not wanna remain dependent upon foreign wheat, it can always be cut off. And so again, using the ministry of culture they started the first corn festival because corn is growing everywhere, it's healthier, it's cheaper. And the people had to be taught how to eat it again. So they were cooking contests throughout the country with cash prizes for the best use of corn. And some of the things were absolutely delicious, and that's when the cooking contest on the left There were also songwriting contest about corn, poetry writing contest about corn. There were plays about corn. I mean maybe we should bring some of those. They were wonderful. They were absolutely wonderful. The role of women has gone through major changes in the Nicaraguan revolution. 30% of the armed fighting forces against the Somoza dictatorship are women. This is a very high percentage. And I understand in El Salvador and Guatemala today the figures are comparable. Some women told me that when she fought for the liberation of your country, you don't just stop. You continue fighting for your own liberation. And another woman said, yeah you don't walk into the kitchen alone. Everybody kind of looked at her like, well, Sunday. Sexism is alive and well in Nicaragua as it is alive and well in the United States as it is alive and well, I think in every single country in the world unfortunately, but they're making progress. The poster on the right says, in constructing a new country we are becoming the new woman put out by the Nicaraguan women's association. The women who fought against Somoza are commemorated in the art, and street neuron woman throwing them all tough cocktail but women also fought against the dictatorship much earlier. They fought with Sandino. And this is the one of the women from the 1920s who fought. The women in defense today are as young as this 18 year old woman on the left who was in charge of a 1500 all women battalion or this woman in her fifties. The army which is a professional army is primarily men. The militia, which is volunteer is about 50% women. And these two posters are encouraging women to join the militia, that there is no contradiction between being a mother and being in the militia on the right, everyone to the militia. Look for your center of instruction on the left. Thanks mom for defending our happiness little hearts and flowers there. The slide on the left is an actual page from the English literacy texts but this was the same text in all languages. And it's quite amazing. Can you imagine having a reading lesson like that here? I think it'd be quite wonderful if we did, but it's amazing on two levels, first talking about the exploitation of women in a school text is quite remarkable, but it doesn't say that women are now liberated. It's saying that the revolution now makes their liberation possible. So they're being very honest in the fact that women's liberation still has a long way to go. This is part of the consciousness raising effort on behalf of women's rights that occurs. If you have people talking about texts like this, read texts like this all ages in all languages read texts like this It raises people's consciousness. This is one way of changing the situation. The other way is to eliminate any law that discriminates against women. And that's what the headline on the right proclaims: \"Father and Mother now given equal rights\". They have a new constitution in Nicaragua which was just passed this year. And in it, women are given complete equal rights under the law; They can not lose their job because of illness. The most remarkable part of this law of this constitution, is that it says that in matters of domestic work, all members of the household, men and women must equally share. Yeah, that's pretty controversial. Anyway, I say that to high school audiences and this has massive groan. What does that one mean? Does it mean that you got to throw somebody in jail for not washing the dishes. I mean, you're not giving him a parking ticket for not washing the dishes. Some of the time I feel like it, I confess sometimes it sounds like a good idea, but obviously that's not practical. But the fact of having that law on the books, the fact of having that law debated publicly for several years that was a very controversial law. The fact of talking about it raises people's consciousness. Women start realizing that, Hey they have the right to expect help in homework and the men start realizing all the handwriting's on the wall. So you start seeing these changes. My first trip in 1981 I never saw a man doing childcare. Back in '83 still more women than men, but I did begin to see men participating in taking care of their kids. And in 1984 I came across this mural, Sandino doing childcare. Sandino is the ultimate male role model. If Sandino can do childcare, any man should be proud to do childcare. The final section, which I'll try to be brief is dealing with the church. We heard a little bit about it yesterday with Phillip Berrigan. And it is a church divided. There is the part of the church that supports the revolution. There's the part of this church that opposes the revolution. And you see both of them very visually, very active. On the left, the part that supports the revolution with a banner welcoming the Pope in '82 with a very popular slogan: \"Thanks to God and the revolution\" on the right, the anti-Sandinista church, can't stand having God and the revolution in the same slogan. And so their slogan is: \"For us there's only God\", otherwise leave out the revolution. Traditional scenes from the conservative church , a woman fulfilling a vow on the left by crawling on her knees. On the right is a demonstration organized by the now Cardinal. It was a public demonstration against the Sandinista government. I was present at two of these, one in '81 and another one '84. And yet I was constantly reading in the US Press that the Sandinistas government doesn't allow demonstrations which oppose them. Well folks, I was at two of them. I've got photographs and I had interviewed. There were no police around to intimidate the demonstrators. It's very different from what the US Press says. During the Literacy crusade, the conservative church, it said \"Don't let your kids participate. They'll be brainwashed. They won't listen to their parents anymore. They'll become communist.\" So the progressive church came up with billboards such as this \"Jesus Christ, Jesucristo, I now can read your name.\" In other words, if you can read, you can read the Bible. So again, the struggle was going on at all levels. This is another image of the crucifix other than the one you see on the right because we heard yesterday liberation theology is a very powerful force in Central America. It makes the connection between the suffering and the crucifixion of Christ with the suffering of the people. And then it connects the resurrection of Christ with the liberation of the people. The poster on the right makes the connection between the birth of Christ, the birth of the new society the nativity in the revolution united in the birth of the new man. These are two Primitivist paintings dealing with religious themes. On the left is the arrest of Christ. These are all done within the Nicaraguan context. Subconscious pilot has the face of Anastasio Somoza. Christ is a poor barefoot Nicaraguan peasant. The middle-class is on the right of the right of the Bushman's wither. While the wealthier have banners and signs that say: \"Down with Jesus. Jesus was a communist. Long live Somoza.\" On the right is the three Mary's at the empty tomb. It's the image of the resurrection. And you have the broken chains, the broken shackles, as an image of liberation and image of resurrection and the Archangel Michael there is Carlos Fonseca. Again here they're interpreting it within their own immediate experience. Here's the Cardinal Obando Bravo who's now he's a very vocal critic of the Sandinistas. He is now head of the commission, part of the RSP plan to negotiate with the Contras. This is Ernesto Cardenal, the Minister of Culture, one of several priests in the Nicaraguan government. The Pope and Obando have been trying very hard to get rid of these priests because it's hard to call the Sandinistas, a bunch of godless communists, when you have priests in the middle of the government but they've been put under a lot of pressure but they still been able to stay. This poster of the assassinated Bishop of El Salvador. Oscar Romero is produced in Nicaragua. It says, \"We want bishops like Oscar Romero.\" It's a direct insult to the wrong because of saying we want bishops like Romero that will fight for the people instead of the kind that we have. So this is an intentional insult. It's amazing how much openness they have in insulting Bishop. I was surprised. But they have their own martyrs as well. This young man Gaspar Garcia Laviana is a priest from Spain. He came to Nicaragua in the sixties to do missionary work, realized the situation was so horrible that the only way he could have the Nicaraguan people, achieve salvation, achieve freedom was if he joined the armed struggle. Father Berrigan yesterday talked about Camillo Torres who was the first priest to have picked up a gun And slaughtered Gaspar Garcia Laviana, he was killed in 1978. He wrote a letter to the Bishops, which is quoted here. And it says, \"The active contribution in this process is a sign of Christian solidarity with the oppressed and with those who struggled to freedom. It is a connection between the just revolution and the church.\" The Sandinistas are committed to religious pluralism. They're committed to political pluralism. This is the ballot from 1984, seven political parties participated and this is proportional representation. In other words each party receives representation in the government according to the percentage of votes they received. So there are seven parties and seven quarters represented in government. It'd be here as if the Rainbow Coalition received a certain number of seats in Congress because they received a certain percentage of the votes. Kind of interesting idea. They're also committed to economic pluralism. Eight years after the revolution, over 50% of all land and industry are privately controlled. From right to left, it's a road billboards, a government textile factory, conservative Christian billboard a Kodak film billboard which you can't get any more cause there's an embargo. Right behind the Kodak billboard is a socialist party billboard, not the usual road billboards that we're used to seeing. A Middle-class house. You can tell because they have a TV and a stereo. They didn't understand what we found so fascinating about their wall decoration, to see a poster of the Cuban revolutionary Che Guevara next to San Dino next to the last supper. But in Nicaragua, this was the rule, not the exception because there's a very popular slogan: \"To be a true revolutionary means to be Christian and to be a true Christian means to be revolutionary.\" So this was really the rule that we found that we learned a lot. This is the bedroom of a 16 year old. His ambition was to be a rock musician and a priest. And so he painted his... He painted his role models on his bedroom walls, his US kiss and of course, the revolutionary fist raised Christ. This was done in '81. I went back last time in '84 to look up his neighbors to find out whether he still going to be both of those things. And they told me they weren't sure because he had enlisted it in the army. They weren't even sure if he was still alive. We've come to the end of the mural and just about the end of the presentation. You have the overthrow of Somoza on July 19th, 1979 which is every year celebrated in an anniversary worth hundreds of thousands of people not just from Nicaragua, but from all over the world come to commemorate the victory of the Nicaraguan people. This was our group from LA. These were some of the Europeans. You see in the European banner, the word Presente. It means that we're present, that we're here. But it has another meaning. Whenever the Nicaraguans get together for a rally they call up the names of their friends or their family who've been killed. And everyone yells out, Presente, because the idea of resurrection that their memory is still alive, they're still with us. And whenever anyone was killed in the war against Somoza you have a commemoration, a Memorial marker. Two brothers died together on the right. On the left, literally are three different... these are not graves, the bodies aren't here, these are just Memorial markers. Young woman, 17 years old on the left. A young man of what I can't read it from here, 23 and 24. These Memorial markers can be as elaborate as a piece of sculpture with a portrait bust, or they can be as simple as graffiti on the wall with Presente after each name. My first trip, every Memorial marker was from 1978 to 1979, the war against Somoza. Back in 83, that was no longer the case. I was seeing them only a couple of months old. Not one of these young people should be dead. They're only dead because our government is waging illegal, immoral and undeclared war against the people of Nicaragua. And this is a war against children cause 50% of the Nicaraguan population is under 15 years old. A child's drawn on the left of a child bringing a flower to a friend who was killed. The 15 year old girl on the left was the sole survivor of a Contra attack in 1983. She became a hero when she was visited in the hospital her arm was amputated and she said \"I would gladly give my other arm defending the freedom of my country.\" And so they call her 'The smile of Nicaragua.' The 15 year old girl on the right was not so fortunate. This is a photograph taken by a US nun, who lives in Nicaragua, during the celebration opening of the community center in a small village in November of 1984. One month later, she was kidnapped by the Contras. She has never been heard from since. She's presumed dead. All women prisoners, no matter how young or how old, were always raped by the Contras. And of course this is who they're up against. The Sandinistas have a very professional army, no doubt about it. Very well trained, very well equipped. But what we don't hear about is that the US has spy planes that go over Nicaragua daily to report to the Contras where the Sandinista army is located so the Contras avoid them. So the Contras go to the civilian targets, as I mentioned earlier, the schools, the clinics, to attack where the army is not. So who's defending them? Are the civilian malicious. Kids 15 year olds like on the left. If you are 15 and you have your parents' permission, you can enlist. If you are 13 and are an orphan and want to enlist, you're allowed. Of course, this is who they're up against. Time magazine photo, US trainer shows Honduran troops near the Nicaraguan border how to use anti-tank weapons. The United States has had almost continuous war games on the border of Nicaragua since the Sandinistas came to power as a way of intimidating, as a way to threaten and hopefully in a part of the United States, trying to provoke. On the left, and remember the last time that the United States became involved in an unpopular war. It wasn't just young people thousands of miles away who were getting killed but young people on the streets of our universities. Kent State 1970 Jackson State Mississippi the same year. Unarmed college students killed by our own national guard. And just this past April, the first US victim in Nicaragua, also murdered by the Contras, Benjamin Linder who was working on an electrical power plant as one of the many US volunteers who had gone down to Nicaragua to help rebuild with the Contras had destroyed. Now he was wounded in a firefight, but he wasn't killed. But his name had been on a hit-list. He had seen it. He knew that. One of the surviving witnesses have testified or actually several have testified. He was still alive, but wounded. One of the Contras came over to him and shot him point blank and hit. Nobody can convince me, that a US citizen's names is gonna be on a hit list and a Contras gonna assassinate him without the person who's paying the Contras bills knowing that and getting approval. Okay. So again, if the buck stops here, the buck stops with the government of this country. For not only the assassination of Benjamin Linder, assassinations of also have thousands of Nicaraguans, but also for the mutilation recently of Brian Wilson who had both of his legs cut off during the peaceful non-violent civil disobedience in San Francisco. The Sheriff's department, the Navy had all been warned a week ahead of time. The civil disobedience was going to occur, this railroad track, this day, this time. Somebody gave an order for the train to come through. So we really need to do everything we can immediately to support the peace process that's going now in central America to prevent any more Contra aid from going down there and to do whatever we can to stop the escalation of this war against the people of Central America. And I thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43402/file/116292#t=0.0,1748.32327"}]}]}]}