{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/mp4vh5d362/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Moore, David S., Statistics Among the Liberal Arts"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV203750 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. (accessibility)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Local Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["Lectures_AV203750"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["Per request by the creator, access to this item is restricted to scholarly use only. (access)","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."]}},{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Statistics Among the Liberal Arts. Iowa State University Lecture Series (RS 8/6/53). Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Ark"]},"value":{"en":["https://n2t.net/ark:/87292/w97d2qc7c"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1988-04-12"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["lectures","Sound"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Moore, David S. (speaker)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1/4 inch audio cassette"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Committee on Lectures records (RS 8/6/53) (physical collection)","Iowa State Lectures Series (digital collection)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines."]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["Per request by the creator, access to this item is restricted to scholarly use only.","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Iowa State University"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Iowa State University"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/112/081/small/lecture.png?1620062546","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 2 - AV203750_Statistics_Amoung_the_Liberal_Arts_a.mp3"]},"duration":2790.71347,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/112/081/small/lecture.png?1620062546","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/112/081/original/AV203750_Statistics_Amoung_the_Liberal_Arts_a.mp3?1620062546","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":2790.71347,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203750_Statistics_Amoung_the_Liberal_Arts_a.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e So tonight, I'm compelled to ignore the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=6.01,9.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that statistics is in fact useful","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=9.01,11.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to argue instead that it is a fundamental intellectual","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=11.73,15.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"discipline, that merits a place in any liberal education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=15.89,19.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So to place statistics among the liberal arts,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=21.33,23.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm first going to have to say something about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=23.9,25.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the liberal arts, which is great fun,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=25.96,28.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then, I'll say something about the nature of statistics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=28.75,32.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When I'm done, it may be, because acknowledged you have,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=34.07,38.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you are still unwilling to class statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=38.14,41.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a fundamental discipline.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=41.04,43.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in that case, I have a fallback position.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=43.33,46.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I hope at least to convince you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=46.08,48.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that statistics is an independent discipline","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=48.52,51.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with modes of reasoning and subject matter","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=51.64,54.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are distinct from those of other fields.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=54.04,56.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now to statisticians,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=58.79,60.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is not a light matter, of the failure of statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=60.24,64.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to achieve wide recognition as an independent discipline,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=64.23,67.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the most serious problem facing our field.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=67.68,70.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is reflected in the fragmentation of teaching.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=70.94,74.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is reflected in the fact that responsible scholars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=74.44,78.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in other fields believe that any experimental psychologist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=78.34,81.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or algebras can teach statistics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=81.6,84.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is reflected in the fact that major manufacturers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=84.17,87.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are willing to trust their statistical process control","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=87.56,90.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to an engineer who has been to a short course in statistics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=90.29,94.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the computing revolution is making the failure of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=94.26,97.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"statistics to achieve independent recognition more serious.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=97.73,101.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was a time not too long ago, when even routine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=102.1,105.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"application of the more complex statistical methods","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=105.47,108.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let's say unbalanced data in a several factor design","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=108.78,112.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"demanded a specialist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=112.78,114.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, of course the analysis has been automated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=114.78,118.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we're getting quite close to the time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=118.25,120.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when expert systems will increasingly mean that software","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=120.13,123.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will guide the judgment of the user, not just in analysis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=123.82,128.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but in design and diagnostics as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=128.08,130.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What will the working statistician have to offer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=132.65,135.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The medical researcher or the engineer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=135.09,137.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In that situation?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=137.69,139.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the practical version of the question as to whether","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=139.33,142.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"statistics is a fundamental and independent discipline?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=142.17,145.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, let me tell you about the liberal arts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=148.45,151.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, the idea that education should have as its foundation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=152.72,157.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and now like the liberal arts and sciences is widely shared","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=157.79,161.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in American colleges and universities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=161.37,163.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Many, four-year colleges point to liberal education","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=163.72,166.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as their primary reason for being.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=166.64,169.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Other colleges and most universities recognize","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=169.38,173.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the liberal arts in a core curriculum or in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=173.1,176.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"general education requirements that all, but the most","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=176.74,180.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"vocationally oriented students are asked to take.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=180.73,183.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The nature of this general education, and so implicitly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=184.99,188.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the nature of the liberal arts are now hotly debated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=188.38,191.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Most of you will at least have read reviews of Allen Bloom's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=191.72,195.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bestseller on \"The Closing of the American Mind\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=195.42,198.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In which he argues that universities have an obligation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=198.56,202.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to teach the great tradition of the West.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=202.41,205.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that their failure to acquire","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=205.36,207.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this variety of liberal learning of all students,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=207.58,211.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can only be called a loss of nerve.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=211.12,213.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A descent into relativism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=213.67,215.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both intellectually and morally flabby.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=215.72,218.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And yet at almost the same moment, that Bloom's book","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=220.55,224.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was heading the best seller list, the faculty of Stanford,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=224.24,227.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I didn't consider the university, was voting to replace","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=227.64,231.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their required freshman course in Western Culture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=231.02,233.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a new course, which to quote the New York times,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=233.75,237.277"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Includes the study of non-European cultures","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=237.277,240.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and works by women, black, Hispanic people, Asians,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=240.047,244.017"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and American Indians.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=244.017,245.617"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The former course, which sounds very much like Bloom's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=247.04,250.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"great tradition, was at the times criticized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=250.8,254.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as racist and sexist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=254.4,256.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So in the midst of this battle,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=258.29,260.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm going to say that there are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=260.36,261.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think two views of what the liberal arts are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=261.66,264.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Views that are usually held in combination,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=264.87,267.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but that really pointed in different directions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=267.09,269.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The first of these I'll call","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=269.57,271.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the common core of culture perspective.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=271.22,274.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Adherents of this view, see the purpose","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=275.16,278.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a liberal education as providing a common background","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=278.09,281.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for civilized discourse, through exposure to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=281.79,286.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a set of great thinkers and great ideas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=286.48,290.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That the older version of this common course selected","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=290.39,293.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the ideas and the thinkers from the great tradition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=293.19,296.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, but to be liberally educated, meant to have read","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=296.5,300.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Bible and Homer and Shakespeare to understand","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=300.21,303.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the influence of Newton and Darwin and Freud.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=303.34,306.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To know what the Renaissance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=306.11,307.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the French Revolution were about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=307.48,309.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The thing about this common core is that it focuses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=313.55,316.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the content of liberal education and therefore it catches","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=316.27,320.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the popular imagination very easily and spills over","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=320.1,323.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into the popular concern over whether","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=323.44,326.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our schools are doing their jobs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=326.07,328.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, this is the stuff of best-sellers and Bloom is not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=328.7,331.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the only author to have taken advantage of it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=331.25,333.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the past couple of years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=333.3,335.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Diane Ravitch and Charles Finn based","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=335.47,338.747"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"What Do Our 17-Year Olds Know?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=338.747,341.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On a national sample survey, statistics even,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=341.59,344.688"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience murmurs)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=344.688,345.521"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that found for example, that only 32% of American","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=345.521,348.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"17-year-olds can put the Civil War","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=348.75,351.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the correct half century on a multiple choice test.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=351.41,355.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"E. D. Hirsch offered a prescription for liberal arts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=357.49,362.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by giving a book long list of names, events, and theories.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=363.93,367.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cultural literacy, \"What every American should know.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=367.93,370.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He called it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=370.83,371.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it seems that the journey from the great tradition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=372.9,377.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to trivial pursuit, which seems so long to the professors,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=377.2,382.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can be made by the students on their way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=382.77,385.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the fraternities test bank.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=385.19,386.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now this common core of culture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=390.5,393.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was the basis of general education requirements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=393.64,395.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that most good colleges through the 1950s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=395.92,399.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It were treated in the 1960s because of the students","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=399.21,402.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stood up and rebelled in more ways than one and asked for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=402.4,406.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"greater choice and for greater relevance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=406.69,409.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Choice I understand relevance, I don't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=409.9,412.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I will just quote it to you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=412.02,413.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then the late 1970s brought another change","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=414.5,417.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in student attitudes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=417.11,418.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This time in the form of demand for job related training.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=418.59,422.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was a fascinating annual sample survey or statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=424.49,428.228"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"called the American Freshmen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=428.228,431.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it found that between 1975 and 1985,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=431.56,436.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the proportion of students planning to major in business","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=436.31,439.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rose from 16% of freshman to 27%.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=439.92,444.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The arts and humanities fell to 8% and the physical","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=444.6,448.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and biological sciences together, are down to 6%.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=448.44,453.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Surely the profit motive has killed the common core.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=453.36,457.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But no, the faculty were not happy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=458.66,461.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even though the students may have been.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=461.34,464.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The faculty, don't like the practical and vocational tone","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=464.12,468.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of undergraduate education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=468.07,469.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so the debate over general education has been reopened","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=469.81,474.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at university after university.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=474.05,475.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stanford being only this year's installment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=475.98,479.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On one side, there are the upholders of tradition,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=480.4,483.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like Bloom, on the other, are those who argue that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=483.73,487.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the old common core was too male, too white, too Western.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=487.19,491.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Faculty meetings on the common core","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=492.78,494.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are a fascinating spectator sport","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=494.68,496.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=496.853,497.686"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and rapidly become uncivil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=497.686,499.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The new guard makes free use of adjectives like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=500.53,504.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"racist and sexist, which really should be kept for more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=504.16,507.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"serious interactions than thinking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=507.16,509.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we should teach Homer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=509.153,511.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)\nAnd sometimes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=511.103,512.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even go so far as making the outrageous","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=512.27,514.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"assertion that Homer and Dante got to be competitors","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=514.38,517.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the poetic championship of the West,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=517.81,520.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"simply because the prize is awarded by white males","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=520.16,523.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Homer and Dante are white males.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=523.17,526.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, Homer may even be a committee of white males,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=526.12,528.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is even worse.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=528.45,529.474"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=529.474,532.474"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On the other side, the old guard carrying the mask of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=533.5,537.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tradition tries to speak more eloquently","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=537.05,539.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they ask clever, but in the end,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=539.71,543.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"equally insulting questions like,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=543.65,546.327"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Who is the Tolstoy of the Bantus?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=546.327,548.447"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Tell me, because I would like to lead him.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=548.447,551.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's a quote by the way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=551.33,552.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it's at this point when the debate within the group","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=554.37,558.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that focuses on the content of a liberal education","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=558.54,561.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"becomes heated, that the strength of the second view","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=561.62,566.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"becomes apparent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=566.03,567.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"From the second perspective, liberal education is concerned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=568.04,571.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with methods of inquiry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=571.71,573.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than with a common body of knowledge.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=574.67,577.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Liberal education it's said, \"Trains the mind in general","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=578.17,582.417"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"intellectual disciplines that can be applied to any career","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=582.417,585.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and to a lifetime of learning.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=585.987,587.927"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This view is consistent with changes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=589.41,591.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in many of the more traditional disciplines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=591.45,594.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"History as viewed by the historians as far as I can tell","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=594.04,597.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is no longer 1066 and all that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=597.12,599.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a wider study of cultures that pays a lot of attention","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=599.89,604.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the everyday life of past societies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=604.0,606.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to their view of the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=606.66,608.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Literature is not a canon of classics, but a study of the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=608.9,612.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"art of critically reading texts with special emphasis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=612.4,615.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on their social and historical context,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=615.97,618.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as well as on their maxicon structure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=618.66,621.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Physics?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=622.66,623.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, the physicist or arch conservatives,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=623.78,626.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but from this point of view, physics would not be so much","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=626.07,628.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Newton's laws as a way of thinking about natural phenomenon","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=628.86,633.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"based on the one hand on experience and on the other hand,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=633.06,637.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on idealized principles abstracted from many observations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=637.76,642.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and expressed mathematically.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=643.31,644.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now this solves the problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=646.21,648.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It no longer matters which specific societies or specific","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=648.33,651.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"works of literature or a specific natural phenomenon","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=651.96,654.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you study on the way to gaining these general intellectual","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=654.78,658.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"insights, feminist offers will do as well as Homer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=658.21,661.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, liberally educated people have learned from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=664.2,668.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marx and Freud to be suspicious","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=668.73,671.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of arguments based on high principles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=671.17,674.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so I can't help observing as a cynical observer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=674.64,678.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the faculty wars, how convenient the view","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=678.37,682.197"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the liberal arts as teaching methods is for the faculty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=682.197,686.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Within each discipline, specialists can happily pursue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=687.46,691.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their specialties, even when they're teaching freshmen","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=691.06,693.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because almost any content conveys the method.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=693.81,697.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No more straining to try to make sense out of Europe,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=697.44,700.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the Renaissance to the French Revolution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=701.35,703.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in one semester of History 101.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=703.73,706.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And among the disciplines, we can sign a non-aggression pact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=707.47,711.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"instead of having a fight to the death","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=711.15,712.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the common core.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=712.85,714.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The practical result view of education as teaching methods","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=716.0,719.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of inquiry is to justify the Chinese restaurant system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=719.73,724.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of general education requirements.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=724.37,726.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, six hours of humanities, three of social science,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=727.44,731.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"six of laboratory science and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=731.19,734.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I said that was cynical, especially since I'm going to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=736.114,739.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"adopt that point of view and less than seen too harsh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=739.02,743.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have to point out Chinese restaurants are often very good","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=743.22,746.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that the common core corresponds","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=746.93,749.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the dormitory food system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=749.47,751.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here it is eaten.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=751.4,753.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=753.083,756.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nonetheless, I'm going to argue from the claim","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=758.95,763.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that liberal education instills","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=765.07,767.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"general methods and habits of learning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=767.27,769.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In part to be sure since that who I wanted to lead,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=770.44,773.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but also in part, because I think that is now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=773.73,775.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the only possible justification for a liberal education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=775.92,779.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The demise of a culture, common to all educated people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=780.6,784.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is simply an empirical fact.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=784.66,787.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is not as Bloom and others before him have said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=787.53,791.107"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"A failure of nerve on the part of the universities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=791.107,794.127"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"It is an inherent component of modernity.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=794.127,798.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sociologists have pointed out for decades that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=798.17,803.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a pervasive aspect of modernity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=803.02,805.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in society is differentiation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=805.1,808.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Functions that were once integrated in a single institution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=808.15,811.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"become dispersed among many institutions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=811.99,815.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Social roles and work become ever more specialized.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=815.71,819.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The place of older generally institutions like the church","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=819.25,822.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"becomes ever more restricted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=822.89,824.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The number of new institutions ever greater.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=824.61,827.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Intellectual life has not escaped this sociological","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=828.42,832.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"phenomenon of differentiation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=832.16,834.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, it's a particularly clear example of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=834.11,837.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What was once natural philosophy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=837.64,840.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is now 20 empirical sciences.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=840.01,842.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"New disciplines emerge constantly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=842.74,844.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"among them sociology itself and of course, statistics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=844.97,848.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The students that we meet come to us out of a society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=850.12,853.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that accepts and even values diversity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=853.93,857.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in perceptions of the world, in personal values.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=857.13,860.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Our students will devote their lives in many cases to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=861.24,864.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"varieties of work that did not exist a few years ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=864.02,867.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in some cases, to varieties of work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=867.31,869.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that don't exist now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=869.35,871.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When the students show up at the university,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=871.33,874.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they confront this vastly differentiated academic culture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=874.2,879.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In this setting, it is simply nostalgia to imagine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=879.04,883.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there remains a core of common learning that belongs to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=883.03,886.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all educated people and to all programs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=886.54,889.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of liberal education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=889.57,890.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, the university has to stand for something.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=892.4,895.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What it stands for, is the love of learning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=895.34,897.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the application of reason to human affairs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=897.79,901.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The love of learning of course requires","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=901.13,902.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you learn something.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=902.9,904.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the application of reason to human affairs requires","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=904.35,908.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that reason be applied to some specific content.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=908.37,911.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Certainly there was no such thing as teaching general","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=911.73,914.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"intellectual methods without content,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=914.16,916.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but we no longer require a specific content of everyone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=916.87,921.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now you may think that sociological necessity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=924.92,929.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is an illiberal way by which to settle the question","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=929.24,932.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of what the liberal arts are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=932.2,933.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Status stations are supposed to be empiricists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=934.58,937.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so I can be excused.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=937.28,939.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can also remind you that the idea that some kinds of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=939.86,943.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"learning build the mind, is ancient and honorable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=943.34,946.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Plato thought that all rulers should learn mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=947.81,950.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the 19 sanctuary, it was understood that Greek and Latin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=952.15,956.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were good for the mind and in the spirit of cultural","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=956.0,960.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pluralism, I will point out that the Chinese empire","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=960.18,964.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was one for a thousand years, quite successfully","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=964.08,967.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by a class of people chosen for their mastery","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=967.36,970.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of an arcane literary tradition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=970.48,972.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I'm going to take it, that our liberal education focuses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=974.27,977.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on learning to learn rather than","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=977.49,979.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on learning specific facts, focuses on intellectual methods","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=979.69,983.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than particular content.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=983.9,986.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's from this point of view that I will try to argue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=986.15,990.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that statistical science does belong among the liberal arts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=990.1,994.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We would get, I think, wide agreement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=998.26,1000.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that a liberal education should expose students","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1000.17,1002.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to literary and historical methods,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1002.83,1005.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the poor being of nature by experimental science,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1005.72,1009.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the power of abstraction and deduction in mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1009.19,1013.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What I claim is that statistics belongs among","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1014.36,1018.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the liberal arts, because reasoning from uncertain empirical","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1018.04,1022.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"data is a similarly powerful","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1022.31,1024.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and pervasive intellectual method.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1024.33,1026.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That it's pervasive leads us again to utility,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1027.6,1030.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which we have agreed not to talk about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1030.46,1032.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I need to argue that it is independent","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1032.89,1037.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that it is fundamental.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1037.46,1039.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And to do this, we have to have some view","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1039.62,1042.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as to what statistics is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1042.52,1045.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's a one page summary of statistical thinking.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1053.257,1056.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First, the omnipresence of variation in processes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1057.44,1061.991"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Individuals are variable,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1061.991,1064.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"measurements on the same individual are variable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1064.09,1067.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The war of a strict determinism in the universe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1067.51,1071.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then human affairs is rather restricted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1071.57,1074.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Variation is the rule.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1074.15,1076.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Secondly, the need for data about processes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1076.47,1079.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Statistics is steadfastly empirical rather than speculative.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1081.25,1086.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We build on data.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1086.11,1088.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Third, the design of data production","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1088.42,1091.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with variation in mind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1091.12,1093.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Good data, you know, always match a human product","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1093.33,1096.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a refrigerator or a hybrid corn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1096.59,1099.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Data production involves avoiding self selected samples,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1101.26,1106.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the use of comparison and that slicking idea randomization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1106.49,1111.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That the leopard introduction of variation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1111.45,1114.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into the process of collecting data.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1114.73,1117.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then finally, we end up with the quantification","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1118.56,1121.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and explanation of variation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1121.87,1124.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The idea of randomness, that phenomenon which are","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1124.84,1129.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"unpredictable in their individual outcomes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1129.1,1132.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can nonetheless have definite patterns in the long run","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1132.23,1136.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the mathematical description of those patterns","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1136.44,1139.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by probability distribution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1139.61,1141.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have the idea of statistical control,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1142.46,1145.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a simple but really subtle idea, which says that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1145.02,1148.707"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"A process is stable not if its outcomes are constant,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1148.707,1153.157"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"but if it's pattern of variation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1153.157,1155.357"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"remains constant over time.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1155.357,1157.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's a genuine recognition of the role of variation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1157.58,1160.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the universe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1160.93,1162.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then finally, the one place description of the intent","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1162.65,1166.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of many statistical methods, to distinguish systematic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1166.3,1170.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from random effects, or if you wish, fit from residual.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1170.58,1174.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Statistics attempts to give us tools,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1174.93,1177.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which see the systematic effects behind the variability","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1177.94,1182.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of individuals and of measurement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1182.03,1183.753"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now these are two statisticians,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1185.54,1187.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really rather elementary ideas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1187.56,1189.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And because most of you are statistical sophisticates,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1189.67,1192.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not going to try to elaborate on these ideas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1192.25,1195.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I do wanna remind you that there is every indication","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1195.36,1198.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that these ideas must be painstakingly learned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1198.74,1202.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And also that they are not learned in the course","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1202.22,1205.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a typical advanced education which omit statistics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1205.73,1209.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Students who began their education with spelling","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1210.75,1214.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the multiplication table","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1214.2,1215.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"expect the world to be deterministic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1215.89,1218.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They expect one answer to be right,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1218.74,1220.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and other answers to be wrong.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1220.97,1223.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Variation is unexpected and uncomfortable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1223.41,1226.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Listen to Arthur Nielsen,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1228.9,1230.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the head of the leading market research firm,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1230.47,1233.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that bears his name, talk about his experience","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1233.03,1236.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with sophisticated marketing managers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1236.27,1238.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in his client corporations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1238.48,1240.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nielsen says, \"Too many business people assign equal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1241.06,1243.947"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"validity to all numbers printed on paper.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1243.947,1247.197"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"They accept numbers as representing true capital T","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1247.197,1251.087"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and find it difficult","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1251.087,1252.277"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"to work with the concept of probability.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1252.277,1255.127"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"They do not see a number as a shorthand for a range that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1255.127,1259.237"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"describes our actual knowledge","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1259.237,1261.037"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"of the underlying condition.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1261.037,1262.767"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, he goes on,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1263.7,1265.327"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"The Nielsen company supplies to manufacturers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1265.327,1268.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"estimates of their sales through retail stores.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1268.04,1271.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I once decided that we would draw all charts to show","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1271.88,1274.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a probable range around the number reported.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1274.82,1277.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sales are either up 3% or down 3% or something in between.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1277.94,1282.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This turned out to be one of my dumber ideas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1282.94,1285.527"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1285.527,1287.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Our clients just couldn't work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1287.55,1289.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with this type of uncertainty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1289.66,1291.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They act as if the number reported is gospel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1292.821,1296.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Statisticians, who explained to engineers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1298.37,1301.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the point of statistical process control","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1301.51,1304.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to help us distinguish between the variation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1304.16,1306.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is inherent in the process","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1306.98,1309.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a systematic change in the state of the process","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1309.29,1312.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"often observed the same discomfort","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1312.25,1314.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the presence of variation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1314.86,1316.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sometimes on the other hand,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1319.51,1321.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the discomfort arises","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1321.66,1323.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"less from the fact of variation than from the claim","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1323.22,1327.917"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this variation can be quantified and managed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1327.917,1332.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If engineers and managers tend to think deterministically,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1333.92,1338.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"students of the humanities and social sciences","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1338.49,1341.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"often learn to think relativistically.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1341.52,1344.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are many political systems, many sets of values,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1345.04,1349.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"many opinions on any subjects.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1349.07,1351.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Part of the application of reason to human affairs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1353.51,1356.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the point of view of statistics, is to explore","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1356.3,1360.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the extent of this variation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1360.13,1362.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To look for systematic effects of varying opinions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1362.46,1366.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or varying values.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1366.05,1367.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sometimes, although not always,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1368.42,1370.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these things can be codified.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1370.08,1372.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the idea that variation in human behavior","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1372.56,1375.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and human opinion can be described numerically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1375.21,1378.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is sometimes seen as an unpleasant intrusion of technique","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1378.38,1381.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into the garden of speculative thought.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1381.8,1383.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it is not only the idea of variation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1386.11,1389.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the management of variation that must be learned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1389.35,1393.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How often do you see causation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1393.89,1397.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"deduced from mere association?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1397.08,1399.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And even from an association that is obviously","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1399.95,1401.614"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"unintelligible due to clear confounding.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1401.614,1404.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As Fred mentioned, I got book a while ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1407.31,1410.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on statistics for humanities students.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1410.36,1413.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in that book, I put as a simple example","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1413.49,1416.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of an obviously invalid influence, the claim that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1416.31,1420.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the learning of Latin improves one's skill in English,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1420.77,1425.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"based on a study of high school students showing that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1425.69,1428.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"those who had studied Latin were better in English","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1428.95,1432.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than those who had not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1432.46,1434.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The self selected students who take Latin, no doubt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1434.81,1438.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were already better at English than those who don't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1438.04,1441.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Surely no liberally educated person would accept.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1441.38,1444.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so clearly fallacious an argument.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1444.84,1446.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And yet within four years after I wrote the book,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1448.24,1451.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the New York Times printed editorial in which","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1451.05,1455.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they advocated for learning of classical language","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1455.5,1459.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to help mastery of English based on exactly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1459.6,1462.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such a confounded study.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1462.82,1464.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, this outline of statistics that I have put before you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1467.38,1471.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think, is not idiosyncratic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1471.12,1473.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It reflects the view that statistics is concerned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1473.51,1476.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with data and with scientific influence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1476.05,1478.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the presence of uncertainty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1479.58,1481.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this view is the heart of the argument","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1482.78,1484.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that statistics is a separate and fundamental discipline.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1484.63,1488.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now there is however, an opposing view held by","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1488.04,1491.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"academic statisticians often as an unconscious","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1491.27,1494.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"value judgment rather than as an articulate philosophy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1494.93,1498.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That this is the view that statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1498.94,1500.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is primarily mathematical in nature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1500.67,1503.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now it's certainly true that statistics makes heavy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1504.8,1507.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the central use of mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1507.0,1509.428"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So does economics, so do physics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1509.428,1511.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and no one has imagined that these fields","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1511.9,1513.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are sub-fields of mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1513.85,1515.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that the domination of academic statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1517.12,1519.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and particularly of statistics teaching","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1519.8,1522.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by mathematical modes of thought has contributed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1522.16,1525.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to our failure to obtain recognition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1525.62,1528.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a truly independent discipline.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1528.43,1530.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so it's worthwhile reminding ourselves and others","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1531.97,1536.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that statistics is not at all a branch of mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1536.0,1540.437"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First of all, it is clear that statistics is not originating","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1543.623,1548.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from within mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1548.52,1550.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The first origins of statistics lie in public policy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1551.28,1556.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in public and private data collection.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1556.46,1559.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There follows","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1561.08,1561.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"statistical developments based on practical problems,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1566.97,1570.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first in surveying and astronomy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1570.5,1573.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then as statistics begins to come to maturity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1573.67,1577.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a close association with the life and behavioral sciences.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1577.21,1581.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Secondly, statistics has clearly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1584.64,1589.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"different aims and methods from mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1589.03,1592.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Statistics is concerned with the production organization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1593.74,1597.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and analysis of data and with influence from data","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1597.35,1600.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the underlying reality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1600.4,1601.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you do statistics, you understand that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1602.81,1605.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the dominant approach in practice is a complex interplay","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1605.1,1608.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between the data and a mathematical model.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1608.81,1612.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The model may be partly validated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1612.38,1615.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by carefully designed data collection.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1615.17,1617.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The model may be falsified","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1618.74,1620.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the data operating food diagnostic tools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1620.63,1624.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now mathematical derivation of the consequences of the model","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1625.74,1630.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is an important prerequisite for this process,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1630.07,1633.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but that's not statistics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1633.43,1634.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's an application of mathematics to statistics,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1634.74,1637.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very similar to the applications of mathematics to physics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1637.8,1642.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to economics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1642.27,1643.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I find that Bayesians in particular,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1649.89,1654.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I promised professor (indistinct) and I would say something","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1654.01,1656.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against the Bayesians.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1656.56,1657.436"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1657.436,1660.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I find the Bayesians in particular systematically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1660.24,1664.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"misrepresent the role of models","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1664.0,1666.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in classical statistical practice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1666.17,1668.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That they don't understand that one goes back and forth","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1668.66,1671.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between the model and the data.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1671.81,1673.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That the model can be falsified by the data.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1674.497,1677.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That the model is not as they'd love to say","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1677.71,1679.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something subjective that is brought into the problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1679.84,1683.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is something objective in the sense that it must be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1683.18,1686.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"confirmed by the data and we always allow","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1686.86,1690.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the possibility that the data will falsify the model.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1690.67,1693.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would be happy if Bayesians would allow","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1693.99,1695.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the same possibility for prior probabilities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1695.88,1698.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, I've done my duty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1700.53,1702.095"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1702.095,1703.665"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That reminds us that the foundation of controversies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1703.665,1708.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of statistics are completely unrelated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1708.12,1711.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to those of mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1711.14,1713.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Foundational controversies in statistics are much more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1713.0,1715.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lively than in mathematics as I just illustrated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1715.65,1719.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they have much more contact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1719.32,1721.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with actual statistical practice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1721.84,1724.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Finally and most compelling to a mathematician.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1725.63,1728.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of the chief characteristics of contemporary mathematics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1730.85,1735.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is interrelationships among sub-fields.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1735.55,1739.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Methods from algebraic, geometry gives results","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1739.34,1742.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in number theory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1742.31,1743.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Methods from probability, give results","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1743.91,1746.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the study of analytic functions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1746.67,1749.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Statistics does not participate in this relationship.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1749.24,1753.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This to a mathematician is almost compelling evidence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1753.38,1756.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that statistics is not mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1756.07,1758.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Probability theory is a field of mathematics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1758.69,1761.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and does participate in these interrelationships.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1761.42,1764.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Probabilistic methods are heavily used, for example,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1764.4,1767.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in number theory and then the study of analytic functions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1767.15,1770.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mathematicians in general have heard about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1770.92,1773.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Brownian motion and martingales.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1773.47,1775.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When was the last time a mathematician used","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1775.91,1778.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a likelihood function or a sufficient or a prior","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1778.9,1783.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or posterior probability.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1783.01,1785.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Statistics has a one-way flow of methods for mathematics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1785.53,1790.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are used as tools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1790.05,1791.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It does not participate in the general","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1791.65,1794.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"interrelationships of sub-fields.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1794.59,1797.341"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(paper rustling)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1797.341,1798.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One slogan that you can use to see clearly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1798.55,1801.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the difference between mathematics and statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1801.11,1803.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is mathematical theorems are true,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1803.89,1807.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"statistical methods are sometimes effective","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1807.23,1810.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when used with skill.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1810.49,1812.198"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1812.198,1813.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There is a real difference in the process of thinking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1813.063,1816.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that goes on in statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1816.26,1818.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that that goes on in mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1818.0,1820.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, I think these arguments have a good deal of force,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1822.36,1825.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but in spite of that, academics statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1825.6,1828.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in many institutions looked very much like mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1828.21,1832.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The teaching of statistics at the undergraduate level","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1833.42,1836.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"often falls into one of two modes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1836.48,1839.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Both of them very undesirable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1839.48,1841.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One is a list of derivations that formally looks like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1841.92,1845.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a course in mathematics, theorem, proof, corollary example.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1845.98,1850.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The other is a list of formulas followed by examples.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1850.51,1855.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this also looks very much like mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1855.97,1859.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At the graduate level where a real dose of probability","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1862.8,1867.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and mathematics and mathematical statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1867.56,1869.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is essential I remind you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1869.71,1871.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since we are now training professionals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1872.251,1874.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Doctoral programs sometimes have surprisingly little contact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1875.4,1878.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with either data or classical statistical methods.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1878.83,1882.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At many four-year colleges, the mathematics department","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1882.4,1885.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"feels perfectly comfortable in assigning algebras","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1885.83,1889.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to teach statistics, something they would no longer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1889.26,1891.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dream of doing with computer science, for example,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1891.83,1894.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which has achieved recognition as a field","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1894.56,1896.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is clearly distinct from mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1896.563,1899.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, these attitudes grow in part out of the genuine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1900.9,1904.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"achievements of mathematical methods in statistics,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1904.68,1907.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which I don't at all want to talk down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1907.2,1909.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But they also grow out of a kind of intellectual","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1911.01,1913.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seductiveness, a seductiveness of clarity and rigor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1913.92,1918.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which ignores the messiness of real influence problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1919.49,1923.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And unfortunately they grow out of the tendency","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1923.34,1925.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of an academic subculture to feed on itself","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1925.83,1928.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to generate its own problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1928.68,1930.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so move away from the roots of the discipline.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1930.24,1933.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, I say these things because I want to argue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1935.13,1938.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that statistics is an independent discipline","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1938.07,1940.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if not a fundamental one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1940.53,1942.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And clearly the captivity of statistics by mathematics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1942.04,1945.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is immediately fatal to aspirations to be considered","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1945.1,1950.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a separate discipline that deserves a place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1950.88,1953.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in any liberal education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1953.75,1955.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If statisticians don't recognize statistical thinking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1956.26,1959.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as different from mathematical deduction,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1959.53,1961.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"surely no one else is going to do so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1961.89,1963.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I've been rhetorical and it's easy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1968.66,1971.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially when the audience consists primarily","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1971.56,1974.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of those already favored the argument to argue rhetorically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1974.24,1978.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that statistics is an independent and fundamental method","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1978.43,1981.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of understanding the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1981.36,1983.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You may be sure that if we were discussing the content","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1983.49,1986.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a new core curriculum, every discipline new and old","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1986.7,1989.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would make exactly the same claim.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1989.94,1991.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The skeptical among you ought to ask,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1993.53,1997.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"no doubt are asking, whether the advocate of data","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=1997.13,2000.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can cite any empirical evidence?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2000.45,2002.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That statistical thinking really is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2002.57,2005.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a general intellectual method","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2005.6,2007.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that this general method is learned by studying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2007.54,2010.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"statistics and not for example, by studying chemistry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2010.06,2013.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, there is evidence of this kind,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2014.77,2016.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the evidence is better for statistics, than for most","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2016.94,2020.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"other subjects that claim a general method of thinking.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2020.07,2022.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wanna call your attention to a fascinating paper","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2023.94,2027.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that appeared just last October in Science,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2027.3,2030.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"its title is \"Teaching Reasoning.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2030.24,2032.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it summarizes a large body of research","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2032.82,2035.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the psychologist Richard Nisbett","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2035.77,2037.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the university of Michigan and his colleagues.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2037.9,2040.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nisbett among other things, presented subjects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2042.78,2046.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with reasoning tasks requiring","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2046.62,2049.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the use of two types of statistical thinking.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2049.01,2051.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We need after all, we're going to try to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2053.54,2056.609"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"show that this type of thing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2056.609,2058.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will come up with some halves that will do it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2058.61,2061.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nisbett found two types of tasks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2061.52,2063.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One is an understanding of variation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2064.75,2067.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That includes the idea of the law of large numbers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2067.81,2070.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the effect of sample size.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2070.73,2072.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the second is a recognition of the effects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2072.82,2075.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of confounding in data production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2075.92,2078.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some of the studies reported are experimental in which","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2079.33,2082.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"subjects were actually given different types of instruction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2082.56,2085.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some are observational comparing students who have,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2085.97,2089.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and who have not studied statistics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2089.26,2091.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here are some fairly typical items.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2094.02,2096.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why is a traveling sales woman usually disappointed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2097.33,2100.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on repeat visits to a restaurant where she experienced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2100.82,2103.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a truly outstanding meal on her first visit?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2103.83,2106.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Chefs change a lot.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2107.677,2109.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Say students without statistics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2109.34,2111.353"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Not very many restaurants serve only great meal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2112.357,2115.267"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"It may just be variation.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2115.267,2117.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Say the statistics students.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2117.26,2118.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The baseball season is two weeks old","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2120.32,2122.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the top batter was hitting 450.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2122.36,2124.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why does no one hit that well for a whole season?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2124.92,2127.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"The pitchers make adjustments.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2128.317,2130.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Say those devoid of statistics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2130.18,2132.647"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Two weeks is a small sample.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2132.647,2134.427"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Lots of variation in small samples.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2134.427,2137.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Say the statistical sophisticates.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2137.22,2138.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do you think of that New York Times editorial","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2140.17,2142.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"urging the learning of Latin as an aid to English?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2142.52,2145.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Seems sensible.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2145.557,2146.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Say the uneducated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2146.84,2148.347"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Self selected sample.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2148.347,2149.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Say the statistical literates.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2149.98,2152.007"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, the remarkable thing about Nisbett results,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2154.25,2158.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that liaisoning in these everyday situations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2158.24,2161.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is markedly improved by formal instruction in statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2161.87,2166.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that makes no attempt to show that the ideas apply","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2166.3,2169.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in these informal settings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2169.34,2171.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Defining populations and parameters and samples,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2171.35,2174.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and going through all that sort of stuff really does make","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2174.49,2177.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people more able to work with variation in everyday life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2177.46,2182.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is part of the argument that statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2183.15,2185.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a fundamental mode of inquiry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2185.13,2187.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's also according Nisbett, somewhat surprising","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2187.98,2190.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to psychologists, who tend to think","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2190.45,2192.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that learning is quite specific.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2192.52,2194.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that studying the law of large numbers in a statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2194.53,2197.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"class, really should not make a student better able","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2197.39,2200.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to explain priority season batting averages.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2200.04,2202.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The second salient fact, is that learning deterministic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2204.69,2209.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"disciplines doesn't improve statistical reasoning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2209.17,2212.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As Nisbett puts it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2213.64,2214.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Education does not train the mind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2216.557,2218.887"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"the way lifting weights trains muscles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2218.887,2221.717"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"It's not that general.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2221.717,2223.237"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They report a good deal of evidence after that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2224.58,2226.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There is one small piece of evidence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2226.94,2230.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This shows the improvement on scores of a test of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2231.28,2236.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the use of statistical reasoning,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2238.66,2240.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both in science and in everyday life","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2240.83,2243.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by graduate students in four different disciplines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2243.51,2246.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I point, especially for the Longitudinal Studies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2246.96,2249.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which took students at the beginning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2249.7,2251.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of their graduate studies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2251.36,2252.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when there was very little difference among the disciplines","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2252.66,2255.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then took them after two years of graduate studies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2255.18,2258.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Studying psychology, which includes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2258.75,2261.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"formal training in statistics,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2261.18,2262.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and like most social sciences,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2262.87,2264.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"makes heavy use of statistical ideas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2264.37,2266.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Leads to an 80% increase.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2266.86,2269.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Studying chemistry leads to no significant increase.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2269.48,2273.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is evidence that statistics is an independent","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2273.59,2277.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mode of inquiry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2277.18,2278.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the third point, surprised me and perhaps","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2279.98,2283.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will surprised most non psychologist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2283.03,2285.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that is that, although this evidence for statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2285.69,2289.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is quite good, there is little evidence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2289.19,2292.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the kind of deductive reasoning that is taught","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2292.05,2295.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in mathematics is strengthened by formal teaching.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2295.04,2298.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Surely courses in mathematics and logic ought to build","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2300.34,2303.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our capacity for formal deductive reasoning?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2303.61,2307.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2307.28,2308.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not only does a full college logic course","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2309.14,2312.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not help students apply the rules of logic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2312.79,2315.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in everyday situations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2315.37,2317.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it doesn't even help them apply them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2317.09,2319.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in very formal situations that are different from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2319.04,2323.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the problems actually assigned in the course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2323.4,2327.199"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here is a technical example of that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2327.199,2330.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(paper rustling)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2330.29,2333.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is called the Wason's selection task.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2337.44,2340.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if I can quote Nisbett's paper,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2340.1,2342.357"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"In this task, subjects are informed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2342.357,2344.527"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"that they will be shown cards","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2344.527,2346.097"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"to have numbers on one side and letters on the other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2346.097,2349.447"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"And are given a rule such as,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2349.447,2352.687"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"If a card has a vowel on one side,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2352.687,2355.177"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"then it has an even number on the other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2355.177,2357.447"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"If then simple conditional.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2357.447,2360.487"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Subjects are then presented with four cards","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2360.487,2364.027"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and are asked to turn over only those cards","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2364.027,2367.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"that they have to, in order to determine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2367.117,2369.347"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"whether the rule holds.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2369.347,2370.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, as the mathematicians like to say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2371.93,2373.977"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"It is obvious, that you should turn over A and four.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2373.977,2377.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No, \"A and seven.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2381.3,2382.597"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have to look and see what numbers I have up there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2383.894,2386.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not surprising that not very many people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2388.98,2391.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can do this well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2391.15,2392.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What is surprising is that employee and post-test studies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2392.61,2395.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at two good universities, taking students,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2395.86,2399.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"entering a full semester course in Formal Logic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2399.03,2402.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and students at the end of that course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2402.54,2404.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that course, of course, having covered the exact rules","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2404.76,2408.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are needed to do this task,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2408.54,2410.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"yielded no significant increase whatsoever.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2410.26,2413.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, there is evidence that statistical thinking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2415.02,2418.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a general intellectual skill","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2418.44,2420.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that transfers to other areas of work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2420.49,2424.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That the skill is acquired in studying statistics,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2424.71,2428.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but not from advanced study in general.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2428.43,2431.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there was no similar evidence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2431.17,2432.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that deductive skills are similarly acquired","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2432.98,2435.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by formal study.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2435.67,2436.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So now we've got the mathematicians.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2438.0,2440.012"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2440.012,2441.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we want to be brutal about it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2441.39,2443.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if liberal education concerns","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2444.48,2446.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"general intellectual methods that apply to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2446.46,2449.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"varied settings, we should throw out the mathematics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2449.57,2452.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and replace it with statistics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2452.49,2454.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now that's unfair, of course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2456.21,2457.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a careful reading of Nisbett's paper,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2457.61,2459.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I will show, but I can't resist making the suggestion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2459.933,2462.988"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)\nWhen you are","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2462.988,2463.821"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an oppressed minority,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2463.821,2465.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you take every opportunity you have.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2465.15,2466.915"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2466.915,2469.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we do, I think have a case that is more than simply","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2469.98,2473.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"self-serving, for the place of statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2473.67,2477.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"among the liberal arts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2477.52,2478.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Whether that case is recognized, however,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2479.95,2482.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"depends not simply on its merits,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2482.91,2485.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but on how well we present it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2485.58,2487.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And a presentation of the case for statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2488.82,2492.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is in practice made primarily in our teaching.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2492.39,2495.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The content and the spirit of what we teach to students","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2496.7,2501.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in other disciplines is our de facto argument","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2501.56,2504.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for recognition as a separate science.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2504.63,2506.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If this practical case is weak, arguments from principles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2507.53,2512.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will gain a few allies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2512.3,2515.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If our teaching is dominated by mathematical","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2515.03,2517.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"modes of thought and neglects data and scientific influence,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2517.82,2522.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have already surrendered.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2522.44,2523.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nisbett and his colleagues offer some evidence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2524.88,2528.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the study of statistics as taught by psychologists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2528.21,2531.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I might add, improve students' ability to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2531.43,2534.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"deal with uncertainty and variation in general settings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2534.41,2537.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we teach statistics in the deductive mode","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2537.97,2540.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is natural for mathematics,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2540.76,2542.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's no reason to expect that these specifically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2542.53,2545.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"statistical skills will be nourished.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2545.74,2548.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what are we to do?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2549.54,2550.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As part of a general education,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2551.95,2553.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is really our topic for tonight,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2553.78,2555.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"instruction and statistics should surely concentrate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2555.78,2558.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on some version of the elements of statistical thinking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2558.65,2561.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I presented.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2561.56,2563.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Taught in combination with appropriate content,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2563.3,2567.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which you are free to choose.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2567.13,2569.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My favorite content includes things like opinion polls,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2569.26,2572.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clinical trials, national economics statistics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2572.63,2575.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As part of the major program of an engineer or a manager","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2576.9,2580.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or a psychologist, instructions should go on to illustrate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2580.51,2585.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"statistical thinking in the interplay of data and models","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2585.48,2589.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that actually characterizes statistical practice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2589.72,2593.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again, with the specific methodology adapted to the needs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2593.38,2597.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the particular students.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2597.64,2599.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Theorems and proofs have no place in statistical instruction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2601.18,2605.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for any except specialist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2605.93,2609.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you graduate students in statistics have no out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2609.3,2612.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they do have a place in your education","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2612.53,2614.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because you're the specialist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2614.87,2616.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Statistics is dreaded by students, we know that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2620.97,2624.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When the people come up to us on social occasions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2624.44,2627.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and hear that we're a statistician,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2627.07,2629.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if they don't flee in terror, they usually mumble,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2629.31,2632.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they had a statistics course sometime,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2632.01,2633.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they don't have to tell you what they thought of it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2633.93,2635.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the expression on their face displays it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2635.88,2638.465"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2638.465,2640.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Statistics is not only dreaded because it's hard,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2640.28,2642.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's dreaded because it's dull.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2642.94,2644.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, how can a fundamental discipline be seen as dull?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2645.64,2649.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because statistics is too often taught as either a series","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2651.09,2655.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of formal derivations, or as a series of recipes followed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2655.41,2660.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by pat problems that test mainly skill and arithmetic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2660.54,2664.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The derivations are dull to everyone","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2664.79,2666.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who's not a mathematician.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2666.9,2668.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the little recipe in a box followed by the problem","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2668.51,2671.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is dull to everyone, period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2671.29,2673.285"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2673.285,2674.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, the mathematically minded often argue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2674.35,2678.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the series of derivations is the only alternative","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2678.01,2681.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the series of little formulas in boxes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2681.38,2683.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the dreaded cookbook.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2683.82,2684.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"To teach the cookbook,\" in the words","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2685.907,2687.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a colleague of mine, \"is criminal.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2687.76,2690.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now that this colleague is very principled and in accordance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2690.76,2694.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with his high principles, he regularly begins a course","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2694.07,2697.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for sophomore business students","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2697.36,2699.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a rather heavy dose of general measure theory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2699.48,2702.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2702.987,2705.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course he ends the course","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2708.35,2709.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for sophomore business students","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2709.92,2711.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without any sophomore business students.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2711.29,2712.962"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2712.962,2716.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But this argument is false.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2716.69,2718.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The cookbook approach you should understand,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2718.6,2720.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is only another way of teaching mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2720.65,2723.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the way in which calculus","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2723.81,2725.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is usually taught, for example.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2725.46,2727.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it makes calculus just as deadening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2727.4,2730.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as it makes statistics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2730.05,2731.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The mathematicians are now faced with the revolution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2732.86,2736.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the pocket computer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2736.3,2737.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that will do all the freshman calculus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2737.7,2740.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They will have to wrestle with this in the same way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2740.4,2742.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that statisticians have had to wrestle with the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2742.79,2745.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that all of their clients from psychology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2745.77,2748.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and political science, can use statistical software","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2748.9,2752.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do all of the hard things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2752.2,2753.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have to go beyond the mathematical mode of thinking.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2754.88,2759.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To teach statistics is to talk about variation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2759.5,2763.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and its measurement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2763.08,2764.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To talk about the design of studies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2764.26,2766.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/860","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to talk about the way in which models describe data","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2766.56,2770.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/861","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and data criticize models.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2770.01,2772.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/862","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To teach statistics, is to present the hard problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2772.7,2775.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/863","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of scientific influence, not to offer a pat answers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2775.86,2779.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but to show that the sensitive use of data","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2779.48,2782.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can sometimes illuminate dark places.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=2782.31,2785.103"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25109/annotation/866","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/109/original/AV203750_Statistics_Amoung_the_Liberal_Arts_a.vtt?1620062548","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/109/original/AV203750_Statistics_Amoung_the_Liberal_Arts_a.vtt?1620062548"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25110","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203750_Statistics_Amoung_the_Liberal_Arts_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081/transcript/25110/annotation/867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- So tonight, I'm compelled to ignore the fact that statistics is in fact useful and to argue instead that it is a fundamental intellectual discipline, that merits a place in any liberal education. So to place statistics among the liberal arts, I'm first going to have to say something about the liberal arts, which is great fun, and then, I'll say something about the nature of statistics. When I'm done, it may be, because acknowledged you have, that you are still unwilling to class statistics as a fundamental discipline. But in that case, I have a fallback position. I hope at least to convince you that statistics is an independent discipline with modes of reasoning and subject matter that are distinct from those of other fields. Now to statisticians, this is not a light matter, of the failure of statistics to achieve wide recognition as an independent discipline, is the most serious problem facing our field. It is reflected in the fragmentation of teaching. It is reflected in the fact that responsible scholars in other fields believe that any experimental psychologist or algebras can teach statistics. It is reflected in the fact that major manufacturers are willing to trust their statistical process control to an engineer who has been to a short course in statistics. And the computing revolution is making the failure of statistics to achieve independent recognition more serious. There was a time not too long ago, when even routine application of the more complex statistical methods let's say unbalanced data in a several factor design demanded a specialist. Now, of course the analysis has been automated and we're getting quite close to the time when expert systems will increasingly mean that software will guide the judgment of the user, not just in analysis, but in design and diagnostics as well. What will the working statistician have to offer? The medical researcher or the engineer? In that situation? That's the practical version of the question as to whether statistics is a fundamental and independent discipline? Well, let me tell you about the liberal arts. Now, the idea that education should have as its foundation, and now like the liberal arts and sciences is widely shared in American colleges and universities. Many, four-year colleges point to liberal education as their primary reason for being. Other colleges and most universities recognize the liberal arts in a core curriculum or in general education requirements that all, but the most vocationally oriented students are asked to take. The nature of this general education, and so implicitly the nature of the liberal arts are now hotly debated. Most of you will at least have read reviews of Allen Bloom's bestseller on \"The Closing of the American Mind\". In which he argues that universities have an obligation to teach the great tradition of the West. And that their failure to acquire this variety of liberal learning of all students, can only be called a loss of nerve. A descent into relativism, both intellectually and morally flabby. And yet at almost the same moment, that Bloom's book was heading the best seller list, the faculty of Stanford, and I didn't consider the university, was voting to replace their required freshman course in Western Culture with a new course, which to quote the New York times, \"Includes the study of non-European cultures \"and works by women, black, Hispanic people, Asians, \"and American Indians.\" The former course, which sounds very much like Bloom's great tradition, was at the times criticized as racist and sexist. So in the midst of this battle, I'm going to say that there are, I think two views of what the liberal arts are. Views that are usually held in combination, but that really pointed in different directions. The first of these I'll call the common core of culture perspective. Adherents of this view, see the purpose of a liberal education as providing a common background for civilized discourse, through exposure to a set of great thinkers and great ideas. That the older version of this common course selected the ideas and the thinkers from the great tradition. So, but to be liberally educated, meant to have read the Bible and Homer and Shakespeare to understand the influence of Newton and Darwin and Freud. To know what the Renaissance and the French Revolution were about. The thing about this common core is that it focuses on the content of liberal education and therefore it catches the popular imagination very easily and spills over into the popular concern over whether our schools are doing their jobs. Now, this is the stuff of best-sellers and Bloom is not the only author to have taken advantage of it in the past couple of years. Diane Ravitch and Charles Finn based \"What Do Our 17-Year Olds Know?\" On a national sample survey, statistics even, that found for example, that only 32% of American 17-year-olds can put the Civil War in the correct half century on a multiple choice test. E. D. Hirsch offered a prescription for liberal arts by giving a book long list of names, events, and theories. Cultural literacy, \"What every American should know.\" He called it. So it seems that the journey from the great tradition to trivial pursuit, which seems so long to the professors, can be made by the students on their way to the fraternities test bank. Now this common core of culture was the basis of general education requirements that most good colleges through the 1950s. It were treated in the 1960s because of the students stood up and rebelled in more ways than one and asked for greater choice and for greater relevance. Choice I understand relevance, I don't. So I will just quote it to you. Then the late 1970s brought another change in student attitudes. This time in the form of demand for job related training. There was a fascinating annual sample survey or statistics called the American Freshmen. And it found that between 1975 and 1985, the proportion of students planning to major in business rose from 16% of freshman to 27%. The arts and humanities fell to 8% and the physical and biological sciences together, are down to 6%. Surely the profit motive has killed the common core. But no, the faculty were not happy even though the students may have been. The faculty, don't like the practical and vocational tone of undergraduate education. And so the debate over general education has been reopened at university after university. Stanford being only this year's installment. On one side, there are the upholders of tradition, like Bloom, on the other, are those who argue that the old common core was too male, too white, too Western. Faculty meetings on the common core are a fascinating spectator sport and rapidly become uncivil. The new guard makes free use of adjectives like racist and sexist, which really should be kept for more serious interactions than thinking that we should teach Homer. And sometimes even go so far as making the outrageous assertion that Homer and Dante got to be competitors for the poetic championship of the West, simply because the prize is awarded by white males and Homer and Dante are white males. Now, Homer may even be a committee of white males, which is even worse. On the other side, the old guard carrying the mask of tradition tries to speak more eloquently and they ask clever, but in the end, equally insulting questions like, \"Who is the Tolstoy of the Bantus? \"Tell me, because I would like to lead him.\" That's a quote by the way. But it's at this point when the debate within the group that focuses on the content of a liberal education becomes heated, that the strength of the second view becomes apparent. From the second perspective, liberal education is concerned with methods of inquiry, rather than with a common body of knowledge. Liberal education it's said, \"Trains the mind in general \"intellectual disciplines that can be applied to any career \"and to a lifetime of learning.\" This view is consistent with changes in many of the more traditional disciplines. History as viewed by the historians as far as I can tell is no longer 1066 and all that. It's a wider study of cultures that pays a lot of attention to the everyday life of past societies and to their view of the world. Literature is not a canon of classics, but a study of the art of critically reading texts with special emphasis on their social and historical context, as well as on their maxicon structure. Physics? Well, the physicist or arch conservatives, but from this point of view, physics would not be so much Newton's laws as a way of thinking about natural phenomenon based on the one hand on experience and on the other hand, on idealized principles abstracted from many observations and expressed mathematically. Now this solves the problem. It no longer matters which specific societies or specific works of literature or a specific natural phenomenon you study on the way to gaining these general intellectual insights, feminist offers will do as well as Homer. Now, liberally educated people have learned from Marx and Freud to be suspicious of arguments based on high principles. And so I can't help observing as a cynical observer of the faculty wars, how convenient the view of the liberal arts as teaching methods is for the faculty. Within each discipline, specialists can happily pursue their specialties, even when they're teaching freshmen because almost any content conveys the method. No more straining to try to make sense out of Europe, from the Renaissance to the French Revolution in one semester of History 101. And among the disciplines, we can sign a non-aggression pact instead of having a fight to the death about the common core. The practical result view of education as teaching methods of inquiry is to justify the Chinese restaurant system of general education requirements. You know, six hours of humanities, three of social science, six of laboratory science and so on. But I said that was cynical, especially since I'm going to adopt that point of view and less than seen too harsh, I have to point out Chinese restaurants are often very good and that the common core corresponds to the dormitory food system. Here it is eaten. Nonetheless, I'm going to argue from the claim that liberal education instills general methods and habits of learning. In part to be sure since that who I wanted to lead, but also in part, because I think that is now the only possible justification for a liberal education. The demise of a culture, common to all educated people is simply an empirical fact. It is not as Bloom and others before him have said, \"A failure of nerve on the part of the universities. \"It is an inherent component of modernity.\" Sociologists have pointed out for decades that a pervasive aspect of modernity in society is differentiation. Functions that were once integrated in a single institution, become dispersed among many institutions. Social roles and work become ever more specialized. The place of older generally institutions like the church becomes ever more restricted. The number of new institutions ever greater. Intellectual life has not escaped this sociological phenomenon of differentiation. In fact, it's a particularly clear example of it. What was once natural philosophy is now 20 empirical sciences. New disciplines emerge constantly among them sociology itself and of course, statistics. The students that we meet come to us out of a society that accepts and even values diversity in perceptions of the world, in personal values. Our students will devote their lives in many cases to varieties of work that did not exist a few years ago and in some cases, to varieties of work that don't exist now. When the students show up at the university, they confront this vastly differentiated academic culture. In this setting, it is simply nostalgia to imagine that there remains a core of common learning that belongs to all educated people and to all programs of liberal education. Now, the university has to stand for something. What it stands for, is the love of learning and the application of reason to human affairs. The love of learning of course requires that you learn something. And the application of reason to human affairs requires that reason be applied to some specific content. Certainly there was no such thing as teaching general intellectual methods without content, but we no longer require a specific content of everyone. Now you may think that sociological necessity is an illiberal way by which to settle the question of what the liberal arts are. Status stations are supposed to be empiricists so I can be excused. I can also remind you that the idea that some kinds of learning build the mind, is ancient and honorable. Plato thought that all rulers should learn mathematics. In the 19 sanctuary, it was understood that Greek and Latin were good for the mind and in the spirit of cultural pluralism, I will point out that the Chinese empire was one for a thousand years, quite successfully by a class of people chosen for their mastery of an arcane literary tradition. So I'm going to take it, that our liberal education focuses on learning to learn rather than on learning specific facts, focuses on intellectual methods rather than particular content. And it's from this point of view that I will try to argue that statistical science does belong among the liberal arts. We would get, I think, wide agreement that a liberal education should expose students to literary and historical methods, to the poor being of nature by experimental science, to the power of abstraction and deduction in mathematics. What I claim is that statistics belongs among the liberal arts, because reasoning from uncertain empirical data is a similarly powerful and pervasive intellectual method. That it's pervasive leads us again to utility, which we have agreed not to talk about. So I need to argue that it is independent and that it is fundamental. And to do this, we have to have some view as to what statistics is. Here's a one page summary of statistical thinking. First, the omnipresence of variation in processes. Individuals are variable, measurements on the same individual are variable. The war of a strict determinism in the universe and then human affairs is rather restricted. Variation is the rule. Secondly, the need for data about processes. Statistics is steadfastly empirical rather than speculative. We build on data. Third, the design of data production with variation in mind. Good data, you know, always match a human product as a refrigerator or a hybrid corn. Data production involves avoiding self selected samples, the use of comparison and that slicking idea randomization. That the leopard introduction of variation into the process of collecting data. And then finally, we end up with the quantification and explanation of variation. The idea of randomness, that phenomenon which are unpredictable in their individual outcomes can nonetheless have definite patterns in the long run and the mathematical description of those patterns by probability distribution. We have the idea of statistical control, a simple but really subtle idea, which says that, \"A process is stable not if its outcomes are constant, \"but if it's pattern of variation \"remains constant over time.\" Here's a genuine recognition of the role of variation in the universe. And then finally, the one place description of the intent of many statistical methods, to distinguish systematic from random effects, or if you wish, fit from residual. Statistics attempts to give us tools, which see the systematic effects behind the variability of individuals and of measurement. Now these are two statisticians, really rather elementary ideas. And because most of you are statistical sophisticates, I'm not going to try to elaborate on these ideas. I do wanna remind you that there is every indication that these ideas must be painstakingly learned. And also that they are not learned in the course of a typical advanced education which omit statistics. Students who began their education with spelling and the multiplication table expect the world to be deterministic. They expect one answer to be right, and other answers to be wrong. Variation is unexpected and uncomfortable. Listen to Arthur Nielsen, the head of the leading market research firm, that bears his name, talk about his experience with sophisticated marketing managers in his client corporations, Nielsen says, \"Too many business people assign equal \"validity to all numbers printed on paper. \"They accept numbers as representing true capital T \"and find it difficult \"to work with the concept of probability. \"They do not see a number as a shorthand for a range that \"describes our actual knowledge \"of the underlying condition.\" For example, he goes on, \"The Nielsen company supplies to manufacturers estimates of their sales through retail stores. I once decided that we would draw all charts to show a probable range around the number reported. Sales are either up 3% or down 3% or something in between. This turned out to be one of my dumber ideas. Our clients just couldn't work with this type of uncertainty. They act as if the number reported is gospel. Statisticians, who explained to engineers that the point of statistical process control is to help us distinguish between the variation that is inherent in the process and a systematic change in the state of the process often observed the same discomfort with the presence of variation. Sometimes on the other hand, the discomfort arises less from the fact of variation than from the claim that this variation can be quantified and managed. If engineers and managers tend to think deterministically, students of the humanities and social sciences often learn to think relativistically. There are many political systems, many sets of values, many opinions on any subjects. Part of the application of reason to human affairs from the point of view of statistics, is to explore the extent of this variation. To look for systematic effects of varying opinions or varying values. Sometimes, although not always, these things can be codified. And the idea that variation in human behavior and human opinion can be described numerically is sometimes seen as an unpleasant intrusion of technique into the garden of speculative thought. And it is not only the idea of variation and the management of variation that must be learned. How often do you see causation deduced from mere association? And even from an association that is obviously unintelligible due to clear confounding. As Fred mentioned, I got book a while ago on statistics for humanities students. And in that book, I put as a simple example of an obviously invalid influence, the claim that the learning of Latin improves one's skill in English, based on a study of high school students showing that those who had studied Latin were better in English than those who had not. The self selected students who take Latin, no doubt were already better at English than those who don't. Surely no liberally educated person would accept. so clearly fallacious an argument. And yet within four years after I wrote the book, the New York Times printed editorial in which they advocated for learning of classical language to help mastery of English based on exactly such a confounded study. Now, this outline of statistics that I have put before you, I think, is not idiosyncratic. It reflects the view that statistics is concerned with data and with scientific influence in the presence of uncertainty. And this view is the heart of the argument that statistics is a separate and fundamental discipline. Now there is however, an opposing view held by academic statisticians often as an unconscious value judgment rather than as an articulate philosophy. That this is the view that statistics is primarily mathematical in nature. Now it's certainly true that statistics makes heavy and the central use of mathematics. So does economics, so do physics and no one has imagined that these fields are sub-fields of mathematics. I think that the domination of academic statistics and particularly of statistics teaching by mathematical modes of thought has contributed to our failure to obtain recognition as a truly independent discipline. And so it's worthwhile reminding ourselves and others that statistics is not at all a branch of mathematics. First of all, it is clear that statistics is not originating from within mathematics. The first origins of statistics lie in public policy, in public and private data collection. There follows statistical developments based on practical problems, first in surveying and astronomy. And then as statistics begins to come to maturity, a close association with the life and behavioral sciences. Secondly, statistics has clearly different aims and methods from mathematics. Statistics is concerned with the production organization and analysis of data and with influence from data to the underlying reality. If you do statistics, you understand that the dominant approach in practice is a complex interplay between the data and a mathematical model. The model may be partly validated by carefully designed data collection. The model may be falsified by the data operating food diagnostic tools. Now mathematical derivation of the consequences of the model is an important prerequisite for this process, but that's not statistics. That's an application of mathematics to statistics, very similar to the applications of mathematics to physics and to economics. I find that Bayesians in particular, I promised professor and I would say something against the Bayesians. I find the Bayesians in particular systematically misrepresent the role of models in classical statistical practice. That they don't understand that one goes back and forth between the model and the data. That the model can be falsified by the data. That the model is not as they'd love to say something subjective that is brought into the problem. It is something objective in the sense that it must be confirmed by the data and we always allow the possibility that the data will falsify the model. I would be happy if Bayesians would allow the same possibility for prior probabilities. Okay, I've done my duty. That reminds us that the foundation of controversies of statistics are completely unrelated to those of mathematics. Foundational controversies in statistics are much more lively than in mathematics as I just illustrated. And they have much more contact with actual statistical practice. Finally and most compelling to a mathematician. One of the chief characteristics of contemporary mathematics is interrelationships among sub-fields. Methods from algebraic, geometry gives results in number theory. Methods from probability, give results in the study of analytic functions. Statistics does not participate in this relationship. This to a mathematician is almost compelling evidence that statistics is not mathematics. Probability theory is a field of mathematics and does participate in these interrelationships. Probabilistic methods are heavily used, for example, in number theory and then the study of analytic functions. Mathematicians in general have heard about Brownian motion and martingales. When was the last time a mathematician used a likelihood function or a sufficient or a prior or posterior probability. Statistics has a one-way flow of methods for mathematics that are used as tools. It does not participate in the general interrelationships of sub-fields. One slogan that you can use to see clearly the difference between mathematics and statistics is mathematical theorems are true, statistical methods are sometimes effective when used with skill. There is a real difference in the process of thinking that goes on in statistics and that that goes on in mathematics. Now, I think these arguments have a good deal of force, but in spite of that, academics statistics in many institutions looked very much like mathematics. The teaching of statistics at the undergraduate level often falls into one of two modes. Both of them very undesirable. One is a list of derivations that formally looks like a course in mathematics, theorem, proof, corollary example. The other is a list of formulas followed by examples. And this also looks very much like mathematics. At the graduate level where a real dose of probability and mathematics and mathematical statistics is essential I remind you, since we are now training professionals. Doctoral programs sometimes have surprisingly little contact with either data or classical statistical methods. At many four-year colleges, the mathematics department feels perfectly comfortable in assigning algebras to teach statistics, something they would no longer dream of doing with computer science, for example, which has achieved recognition as a field that is clearly distinct from mathematics. Now, these attitudes grow in part out of the genuine achievements of mathematical methods in statistics, which I don't at all want to talk down. But they also grow out of a kind of intellectual seductiveness, a seductiveness of clarity and rigor, which ignores the messiness of real influence problems. And unfortunately they grow out of the tendency of an academic subculture to feed on itself to generate its own problems and so move away from the roots of the discipline. Now, I say these things because I want to argue that statistics is an independent discipline if not a fundamental one. And clearly the captivity of statistics by mathematics is immediately fatal to aspirations to be considered as a separate discipline that deserves a place in any liberal education. If statisticians don't recognize statistical thinking as different from mathematical deduction, surely no one else is going to do so. Well, I've been rhetorical and it's easy, especially when the audience consists primarily of those already favored the argument to argue rhetorically that statistics is an independent and fundamental method of understanding the world. You may be sure that if we were discussing the content of a new core curriculum, every discipline new and old would make exactly the same claim. The skeptical among you ought to ask, no doubt are asking, whether the advocate of data can cite any empirical evidence? That statistical thinking really is a general intellectual method and that this general method is learned by studying statistics and not for example, by studying chemistry. In fact, there is evidence of this kind, and the evidence is better for statistics, than for most other subjects that claim a general method of thinking. I wanna call your attention to a fascinating paper that appeared just last October in Science, its title is \"Teaching Reasoning.\" And it summarizes a large body of research by the psychologist Richard Nisbett at the university of Michigan and his colleagues. Nisbett among other things, presented subjects with reasoning tasks requiring the use of two types of statistical thinking. We need after all, we're going to try to show that this type of thing will come up with some halves that will do it. Nisbett found two types of tasks. One is an understanding of variation. That includes the idea of the law of large numbers, the effect of sample size. And the second is a recognition of the effects of confounding in data production. Some of the studies reported are experimental in which subjects were actually given different types of instruction. Some are observational comparing students who have, and who have not studied statistics. Here are some fairly typical items. Why is a traveling sales woman usually disappointed on repeat visits to a restaurant where she experienced a truly outstanding meal on her first visit? \"Chefs change a lot.\" Say students without statistics. \"Not very many restaurants serve only great meal. \"It may just be variation.\" Say the statistics students. The baseball season is two weeks old and the top batter was hitting 450. Why does no one hit that well for a whole season? \"The pitchers make adjustments.\" Say those devoid of statistics. \"Two weeks is a small sample. \"Lots of variation in small samples.\" Say the statistical sophisticates. What do you think of that New York Times editorial urging the learning of Latin as an aid to English? \"Seems sensible.\" Say the uneducated. \"Self selected sample.\" Say the statistical literates. Now, the remarkable thing about Nisbett results, is that liaisoning in these everyday situations, is markedly improved by formal instruction in statistics that makes no attempt to show that the ideas apply in these informal settings. Defining populations and parameters and samples, and going through all that sort of stuff really does make people more able to work with variation in everyday life. This is part of the argument that statistics is a fundamental mode of inquiry. It's also according Nisbett, somewhat surprising to psychologists, who tend to think that learning is quite specific. So that studying the law of large numbers in a statistics class, really should not make a student better able to explain priority season batting averages. The second salient fact, is that learning deterministic disciplines doesn't improve statistical reasoning. As Nisbett puts it, \"Education does not train the mind \"the way lifting weights trains muscles. \"It's not that general.\" They report a good deal of evidence after that. There is one small piece of evidence. This shows the improvement on scores of a test of the use of statistical reasoning, both in science and in everyday life by graduate students in four different disciplines. I point, especially for the Longitudinal Studies, which took students at the beginning of their graduate studies, when there was very little difference among the disciplines and then took them after two years of graduate studies. Studying psychology, which includes formal training in statistics, and like most social sciences, makes heavy use of statistical ideas. Leads to an 80% increase. Studying chemistry leads to no significant increase. This is evidence that statistics is an independent mode of inquiry. And the third point, surprised me and perhaps will surprised most non psychologist. And that is that, although this evidence for statistics is quite good, there is little evidence that the kind of deductive reasoning that is taught in mathematics is strengthened by formal teaching. Surely courses in mathematics and logic ought to build our capacity for formal deductive reasoning? No. Not only does a full college logic course not help students apply the rules of logic in everyday situations, it doesn't even help them apply them in very formal situations that are different from the problems actually assigned in the course. Here is a technical example of that. This is called the Wason's selection task. And if I can quote Nisbett's paper, \"In this task, subjects are informed \"that they will be shown cards \"to have numbers on one side and letters on the other. \"And are given a rule such as, \"If a card has a vowel on one side, \"then it has an even number on the other. \"If then simple conditional. \"Subjects are then presented with four cards \"and are asked to turn over only those cards \"that they have to, in order to determine \"whether the rule holds.\" Now, as the mathematicians like to say, \"It is obvious, that you should turn over A and four.\" No, \"A and seven.\" I have to look and see what numbers I have up there. It's not surprising that not very many people can do this well. What is surprising is that employee and post-test studies at two good universities, taking students, entering a full semester course in Formal Logic and students at the end of that course, that course, of course, having covered the exact rules that are needed to do this task, yielded no significant increase whatsoever. So, there is evidence that statistical thinking is a general intellectual skill that transfers to other areas of work. That the skill is acquired in studying statistics, but not from advanced study in general. And there was no similar evidence that deductive skills are similarly acquired by formal study. So now we've got the mathematicians. If we want to be brutal about it, if liberal education concerns general intellectual methods that apply to varied settings, we should throw out the mathematics and replace it with statistics. Now that's unfair, of course, as a careful reading of Nisbett's paper, I will show, but I can't resist making the suggestion. When you are an oppressed minority, you take every opportunity you have. So we do, I think have a case that is more than simply self-serving, for the place of statistics among the liberal arts. Whether that case is recognized, however, depends not simply on its merits, but on how well we present it. And a presentation of the case for statistics is in practice made primarily in our teaching. The content and the spirit of what we teach to students in other disciplines is our de facto argument for recognition as a separate science. If this practical case is weak, arguments from principles will gain a few allies. If our teaching is dominated by mathematical modes of thought and neglects data and scientific influence, we have already surrendered. Nisbett and his colleagues offer some evidence that the study of statistics as taught by psychologists I might add, improve students' ability to deal with uncertainty and variation in general settings. If we teach statistics in the deductive mode that is natural for mathematics, there's no reason to expect that these specifically statistical skills will be nourished. So what are we to do? As part of a general education, which is really our topic for tonight, instruction and statistics should surely concentrate on some version of the elements of statistical thinking that I presented. Taught in combination with appropriate content, which you are free to choose. My favorite content includes things like opinion polls, clinical trials, national economics statistics. As part of the major program of an engineer or a manager or a psychologist, instructions should go on to illustrate statistical thinking in the interplay of data and models that actually characterizes statistical practice. Again, with the specific methodology adapted to the needs of the particular students. Theorems and proofs have no place in statistical instruction for any except specialist. So you graduate students in statistics have no out, they do have a place in your education because you're the specialist. Statistics is dreaded by students, we know that. When the people come up to us on social occasions and hear that we're a statistician, if they don't flee in terror, they usually mumble, that they had a statistics course sometime, and they don't have to tell you what they thought of it because the expression on their face displays it. Statistics is not only dreaded because it's hard, it's dreaded because it's dull. Now, how can a fundamental discipline be seen as dull? Because statistics is too often taught as either a series of formal derivations, or as a series of recipes followed by pat problems that test mainly skill and arithmetic. The derivations are dull to everyone who's not a mathematician. And the little recipe in a box followed by the problem is dull to everyone, period. Now, the mathematically minded often argue that the series of derivations is the only alternative to the series of little formulas in boxes, the dreaded cookbook. \"To teach the cookbook,\" in the words of a colleague of mine, \"is criminal.\" Now that this colleague is very principled and in accordance with his high principles, he regularly begins a course for sophomore business students with a rather heavy dose of general measure theory. And of course he ends the course for sophomore business students without any sophomore business students. But this argument is false. The cookbook approach you should understand, is only another way of teaching mathematics. That's the way in which calculus is usually taught, for example. And it makes calculus just as deadening as it makes statistics. The mathematicians are now faced with the revolution, with the pocket computer that will do all the freshman calculus. They will have to wrestle with this in the same way that statisticians have had to wrestle with the fact that all of their clients from psychology and political science, can use statistical software to do all of the hard things. We have to go beyond the mathematical mode of thinking. To teach statistics is to talk about variation and its measurement. To talk about the design of studies, to talk about the way in which models describe data and data criticize models. To teach statistics, is to present the hard problems of scientific influence, not to offer a pat answers, but to show that the sensitive use of data can sometimes illuminate dark places.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112081#t=0.0,2790.71347"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - AV203750_Statistics_Amoung_the_Liberal_Arts_b.mp3"]},"duration":771.10857,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/112/082/small/lecture.png?1620062552","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/112/082/original/AV203750_Statistics_Amoung_the_Liberal_Arts_b.mp3?1620062552","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":771.10857,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203750_Statistics_Amoung_the_Liberal_Arts_b.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Statistics as your primary field of study","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=5.13,7.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it is useful and will make you employable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=7.94,10.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although, naturally I hope that it will.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=10.83,13.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nor should you choose it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=13.58,14.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it's intellectually respectable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=14.73,17.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although I've tried my best tonight","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=17.21,18.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to show you that it is intellectually respectable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=18.76,21.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You should study statistics for the same reason","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=21.54,24.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that some of your peers study Chinese art","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=24.0,27.266"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or 17th century English literature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=27.266,30.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because you like it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=30.12,31.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Different fields of learning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=33.11,34.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"give pleasure in different ways.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=34.85,36.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Everyone who has gone far in mathematics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=37.68,40.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"knows the pleasure that comes from the elegance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=40.77,44.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and even more from the permanence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=44.73,46.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the finality of a good proof.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=46.49,48.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The pleasure that comes from statistics is less clean,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=49.92,54.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I hope that maybe you have experienced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=54.67,57.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the joy of seeing how some simple insight,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=57.12,60.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the clever transformation for example,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=60.14,62.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"makes plain the pattern of a tangled problem,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=62.55,66.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or at a higher level you have had the satisfaction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=66.65,70.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the end of a long and decidedly not simple analysis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=70.21,73.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of knowing that you now understand what these data show","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=73.7,77.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that you can convincingly convey that understanding,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=77.3,80.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to other people who could not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=80.62,82.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have unearthed it for themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=82.41,84.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The real purpose of a liberal education","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=86.97,90.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to help us take pleasure in learning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=90.92,93.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The poet A.E Housman was professor of Latin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=95.76,99.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at London university.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=99.1,100.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And when he was appointed to that chair,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=100.89,102.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as was the habit in those days,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=102.65,104.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he gave an introductory lecture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=104.14,105.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before the assembled faculty of arts and sciences.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=105.95,109.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in that lecture in 1892,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=109.84,112.353"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he gave as clear a treatment of the aims","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=114.13,116.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of liberal learning as I can hope to see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=116.61,119.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Housman examines the usual justifications","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=119.99,122.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and dismisses them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=122.85,124.237"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"It's not the case,\" he says,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=124.237,126.377"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"that the purpose of a liberal education","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=126.377,128.327"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"is to provide us a tincture of classics for ornament","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=128.327,132.197"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and the modicum of science for use.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=132.197,134.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"It is instead to awaken in us, the pleasure of learning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=136.829,141.677"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and knowing which though not the keenest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=141.677,143.927"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"is yet the least perishable of pleasures.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=143.927,146.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"The delight in learning,\" Housman says \"is not as intense","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=147.597,151.567"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"as the bodily pleasures that are available to the young","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=151.567,154.837"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"but it lasts far longer.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=154.837,157.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=157.047,157.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"You ought when you are young,\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=157.88,159.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he says, \"To begin to lay in a store of learning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=159.23,163.007"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"to delight your old age, much as you would lay in food","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=163.007,166.307"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"for the hard winter that you know is coming.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=166.307,168.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"The personal purpose of a liberal education is to help each","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=170.587,175.477"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"of us, find in the universe of human learning,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=175.477,178.627"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"that little place where we are at home.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=178.627,180.997"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That statistics, belongs among the liberal arts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=183.18,186.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"may be argued as I have done","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=186.64,188.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in an attempt to persuade a general opinion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=188.72,191.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the proof for each of us personally is that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=192.8,195.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we find challenge and pleasure in it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=195.57,199.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=199.13,200.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=200.593,203.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I guess we have time to take a few questions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=214.085,215.795"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Does anyone have any questions for Dr. Moore?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=215.795,218.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I'll start it off","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=220.24,221.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=221.76,222.788"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e There is a book that's widely referred to,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=222.788,225.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in that name it has the title","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=225.74,228.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"On the Foundations of Statistics.\"Now it seems to me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=228.047,232.567"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you would have to say that this book","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=232.567,237.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is really not on the foundations of statistics at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=238.447,241.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Would you or not? You know the book of course","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=241.873,245.706"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I do not believe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=247.95,249.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that statistics has yet reached that state of maturity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=249.88,253.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where we can talk about its having foundations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=253.05,256.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which apply to the whole field.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=256.55,259.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It may never reach that state of maturity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=259.55,262.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because to lay in a formal way, in an axiomatic way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=262.7,266.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"foundation for statistics comes very close","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=266.24,269.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to laying in a formal axiomatic way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=269.34,271.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"foundations for the whole inductive logic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=271.94,274.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the scientific method.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=274.99,276.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, Philosophers of science say very strange things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=277.358,279.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the scientific method","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=279.94,281.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"often things that are quite different","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=281.41,283.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from what scientists themselves say.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=283.17,285.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think the statisticians should be as foolish","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=285.86,288.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the philosophers of science often are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=288.41,291.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, I am the permanently eclectic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=291.41,293.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in my thinking about what the foundations of statistics are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=294.91,298.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that the aim of statistics is the understanding","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=298.55,302.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of data and the scientific influence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=302.13,304.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that this is much too complicated an aim","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=304.49,307.062"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to have any foundation that can be, as yet,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=307.062,311.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clearly and concisely expressed in formal form.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=311.69,314.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Anyone else?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=320.633,321.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(Indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=324.514,325.365"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(Audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=325.365,328.305"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Another? How about this one?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=328.305,330.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=330.67,333.695"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What are you going to do when Professor Kenton retires?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=333.695,337.315"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Don't you have any heirs?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=337.315,339.025"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=339.025,340.988"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Look I'd like to try this one on here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=340.988,342.901"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"regarding to as you were talking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=342.901,345.474"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what do you think about this proposition?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=345.474,348.569"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Statistical thinking can be regarded,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=348.569,352.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a sort of functional analysis thinking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=352.02,355.369"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in somatological space?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=355.369,357.286"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=358.429,361.429"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Some parts of statistics, parts not known to me in detail,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=364.22,369.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"may now or in the future be successfully described","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=370.14,375.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by functional analysis, but that can only be an aid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=375.41,380.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to exploring the deductive consequences of certain types","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=382.96,386.467"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of models, which is very important and is what a lot","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=386.467,390.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of us spend our professional lives doing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=390.57,393.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but that is only a preliminary","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=393.3,395.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the actual doing of statistics. Statistical thinking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=395.62,399.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has almost nothing whatsoever to do with functional analysis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=399.53,402.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e But, I want to say the ideas of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=406.32,409.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"function spaces are metrics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=410.018,411.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e [] Oh, they are, absolutely, that's fine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=411.61,414.261"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Are extremely helpful in making","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=414.261,417.474"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Of course","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=417.474,418.621"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e in economics too","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=418.621,420.121"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Don't get the level of the push, that assistance to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=421.145,423.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"open your graduate facts on micro economics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=423.54,426.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And second paragraph at the first page","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=426.99,429.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's a passing reference to the Karhunen theorem","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=429.91,432.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which you're supposed to already know. Graduate economics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=432.4,436.207"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is intensely mathematical, but no one believes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=436.207,439.598"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pampichi economics as a subset of mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=439.598,443.357"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if he walked in particular in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=443.357,445.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to an undergraduate course in economics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=445.64,447.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you would find him talking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=447.96,449.592"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about economic ideas and the form of instruction would not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=449.592,453.048"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"be formally identical to instruction in mathematics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=453.048,456.902"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is too often the pace of statistics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=456.902,460.319"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(Indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=463.261,464.554"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=464.554,465.432"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Its,no.Not me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=465.432,466.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=466.75,468.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh yes thank you whatever that you'd like to respond to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=468.6,471.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you believe there is such a thing as truth and if so,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=471.61,475.966"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is it the same for mathematician?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=475.966,478.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=481.11,483.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e This is the second man in the history of the human race","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=483.89,486.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to ask what is true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=486.54,488.588"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=488.588,491.564"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I assume that you were the first","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=491.564,496.086"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me rephrase it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=496.086,497.574"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=497.574,500.574"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e It's the notion of truth essential or as essential","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=502.233,507.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for statistics as is for mathematics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=507.63,510.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'm not sure how essential it really is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=510.92,513.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for mathematics to begin with, We have to start somewhere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=513.36,516.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e We have to start somewhere,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=516.86,518.837"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and if we don't really do much about the foundations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=518.837,521.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of mathematics, to start it all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=521.42,523.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"math and statistics aint something to worry about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=523.08,525.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so would we worry about them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=525.18,527.136"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That proves that mathematics is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=527.136,528.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an \"a\" problems or \"b\" by a certain list of rules.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=528.75,531.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that kind of truth is important in statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=533.699,537.409"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e So you need the convention.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=537.409,539.449"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's relatively, it's relative rather.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=539.449,542.866"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, the method is true, but the end point is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=543.961,546.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not something like that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=546.19,548.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e The end point follows on the assumption.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=548.03,551.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's true, and but that's important in statistics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=551.1,554.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's write off the general linear model that you write","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=554.3,556.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"down a long list","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=556.64,558.207"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of things that are true about the general linear model","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=558.207,560.401"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a statistician has to know these.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=560.401,562.126"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They are true, they are from the same linear model","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=562.126,564.694"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they're very important.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=564.694,566.739"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But when we get to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=566.739,568.168"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what the statistician is actually going to do,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=568.168,571.612"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well we know that the general linear model assumptions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=571.612,574.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are not true they may be more or less true","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=574.32,578.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and our conclusions may be more or less trustworthy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=578.05,581.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What is true, I'm not prepared to give","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=583.72,586.868"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a philosophical discussion of what else","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=586.868,589.698"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Wait, I would like to give a thought.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=589.698,592.632"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=592.632,593.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In this metrics business,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=593.833,594.666"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's all got to do with getting close to something","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=594.666,597.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we need to know what that something is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=597.66,599.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or do we merely know that we're close and that's enough?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=599.87,603.685"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct )","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=603.685,606.254"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=606.254,608.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I just","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=608.403,609.236"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e The question is too hard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=610.289,612.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=612.09,614.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the same linear model, and they're very important","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=614.813,618.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but when","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=618.1,619.246"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=619.246,620.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That may be best suited in some","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=620.557,622.155"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=622.155,624.572"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e No. The question of what a scientist is looking for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=629.317,633.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"looking for evidence that some phenomenon is there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=633.45,636.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"looking for evidence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=636.61,637.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of some verbal connection in the universe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=637.54,640.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's a very slippery subject.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=640.92,642.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have conventions of what constitutes evidence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=643.51,647.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one of those conventions is that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=647.03,649.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all more civilian death decadence comes from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=649.04,651.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a proper randomized comparative doing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=651.15,653.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that the ideas of statistics contribute","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=654.32,657.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the conventions of science on what makes great evidence ,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=657.55,660.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but whether they are true or not, it is very slippery.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=660.88,665.004"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=665.004,667.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Scientists in general as far as I know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=667.23,669.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are happy if they have a mental model often","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=669.41,673.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mathematically stressed to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=673.16,674.681"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"strive for phenomenon and can be used for prediction,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=674.681,678.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether that model was in some sense true","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=679.26,682.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and is something that is generally available,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=682.08,683.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as statistician I think cannot easily go beyond","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=683.983,688.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what the scientist with whom we work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=689.729,692.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e But you have to assume that there's, what he sort","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=695.42,700.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of saying that you have to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=700.19,701.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"assume that the something that you're looking for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=701.22,703.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is actually there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=703.18,704.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e It's generally thought, I certainly agree","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=705.58,708.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that an unspoken assumption for all of science,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=708.36,713.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"inside the universe the universe is stable,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=713.03,715.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the universe is relatively uniform,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=715.6,718.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that God doesn't do one thing to us today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=718.27,720.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and another thing to us tomorrow, that's fabulous","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=720.67,723.677"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=723.677,725.192"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That sort of very general assumption about the universe,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=725.192,730.192"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"may not be enumerable if you call","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=732.22,734.627"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the law of personal beliefs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=735.534,738.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but we cannot ignore that anyway.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=738.91,740.967"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=742.978,745.395"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Any other questions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=746.86,748.642"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If anyone would like to talk to Dr. Moore personally,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=748.642,750.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's a reception afterwards here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=750.16,751.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's cookies and punch outside.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=751.75,754.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there's a visiting hour in room 101A","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=754.23,756.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Snedeker hall tomorrow morning at 10.30","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=756.79,758.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if anyone else would like to talk to him then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=758.44,760.406"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's thank our speaker.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=760.406,761.469"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=761.469,764.469"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25111/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/111/original/AV203750_Statistics_Amoung_the_Liberal_Arts_b.vtt?1620062554","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/111/original/AV203750_Statistics_Amoung_the_Liberal_Arts_b.vtt?1620062554"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25112","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203750_Statistics_Amoung_the_Liberal_Arts_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082/transcript/25112/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Statistics as your primary field of study because it is useful and will make you employable. Although, naturally I hope that it will. Nor should you choose it because it's intellectually respectable. Although I've tried my best tonight to show you that it is intellectually respectable. You should study statistics for the same reason that some of your peers study Chinese art or 17th century English literature. Because you like it. Different fields of learning give pleasure in different ways. Everyone who has gone far in mathematics knows the pleasure that comes from the elegance and even more from the permanence and the finality of a good proof. The pleasure that comes from statistics is less clean, but I hope that maybe you have experienced the joy of seeing how some simple insight, the clever transformation for example, makes plain the pattern of a tangled problem, or at a higher level you have had the satisfaction at the end of a long and decidedly not simple analysis of knowing that you now understand what these data show and that you can convincingly convey that understanding, to other people who could not have unearthed it for themselves. The real purpose of a liberal education is to help us take pleasure in learning. The poet A.E Housman was professor of Latin at London university. And when he was appointed to that chair, as was the habit in those days, he gave an introductory lecture before the assembled faculty of arts and sciences. And in that lecture in 1892, he gave as clear a treatment of the aims of liberal learning as I can hope to see. Housman examines the usual justifications and dismisses them. \"It's not the case,\" he says, \"that the purpose of a liberal education \"is to provide us a tincture of classics for ornament \"and the modicum of science for use. \"It is instead to awaken in us, the pleasure of learning \"and knowing which though not the keenest \"is yet the least perishable of pleasures. \"The delight in learning,\" Housman says \"is not as intense \"as the bodily pleasures that are available to the young \"but it lasts far longer.\" \"You ought when you are young,\" he says, \"To begin to lay in a store of learning \"to delight your old age, much as you would lay in food \"for the hard winter that you know is coming. \"The personal purpose of a liberal education is to help each \"of us, find in the universe of human learning, \"that little place where we are at home.\" That statistics, belongs among the liberal arts may be argued as I have done in an attempt to persuade a general opinion, that the proof for each of us personally is that we find challenge and pleasure in it. Thank you.\r\n\r\n- I guess we have time to take a few questions. Does anyone have any questions for Dr. Moore?\r\n\r\n- I'll start it off\r\n\r\n- There is a book that's widely referred to, and in that name it has the title \"On the Foundations of Statistics.\"Now it seems to me, that you would have to say that this book is really not on the foundations of statistics at all. Would you or not? You know the book of course\r\n\r\n- I do not believe that statistics has yet reached that state of maturity where we can talk about its having foundations which apply to the whole field. It may never reach that state of maturity because to lay in a formal way, in an axiomatic way foundation for statistics comes very close to laying in a formal axiomatic way foundations for the whole inductive logic of the scientific method. Now, Philosophers of science say very strange things about the scientific method often things that are quite different from what scientists themselves say. I don't think the statisticians should be as foolish as the philosophers of science often are. In other words, I am the permanently eclectic in my thinking about what the foundations of statistics are. I think that the aim of statistics is the understanding of data and the scientific influence and that this is much too complicated an aim to have any foundation that can be, as yet, clearly and concisely expressed in formal form.\r\n\r\n- Anyone else?\r\n\r\n- Another? How about this one? What are you going to do when Professor Kenton retires? Don't you have any heirs?\r\n\r\n- Look I'd like to try this one on here, regarding to as you were talking what do you think about this proposition? Statistical thinking can be regarded, as a sort of functional analysis thinking in somatological space?\r\n\r\n- Some parts of statistics, parts not known to me in detail, may now or in the future be successfully described by functional analysis, but that can only be an aid to exploring the deductive consequences of certain types of models, which is very important and is what a lot of us spend our professional lives doing, but that is only a preliminary to the actual doing of statistics. Statistical thinking has almost nothing whatsoever to do with functional analysis\r\n\r\n- But, I want to say the ideas of function spaces are metrics\r\n\r\n- [] Oh, they are, absolutely, that's fine\r\n\r\n- Are extremely helpful in making\r\n\r\n- Of course\r\n\r\n- in economics too\r\n\r\n- Don't get the level of the push, that assistance to open your graduate facts on micro economics. And second paragraph at the first page that's a passing reference to the Karhunen theorem which you're supposed to already know. Graduate economics is intensely mathematical, but no one believes Pampichi economics as a subset of mathematics. And if he walked in particular in to an undergraduate course in economics you would find him talking about economic ideas and the form of instruction would not be formally identical to instruction in mathematics. That is too often the pace of statistics.\r\n\r\n- Yeah!\r\n\r\n- Its,no.Not me\r\n\r\n- Oh yes thank you whatever that you'd like to respond to\r\n\r\n- Do you believe there is such a thing as truth and if so, is it the same for mathematician?\r\n\r\n- This is the second man in the history of the human race to ask what is true.\r\n\r\n- I assume that you were the first Let me rephrase it.\r\n\r\n- It's the notion of truth essential or as essential for statistics as is for mathematics and I'm not sure how essential it really is for mathematics to begin with, We have to start somewhere.\r\n\r\n- We have to start somewhere, and if we don't really do much about the foundations of mathematics, to start it all math and statistics aint something to worry about so would we worry about them. That proves that mathematics is an \"a\" problems or \"b\" by a certain list of rules. And that kind of truth is important in statistics\r\n\r\n- So you need the convention. So it's relatively, it's relative rather. Well, the method is true, but the end point is not something like that\r\n\r\n- The end point follows on the assumption. That's true, and but that's important in statistics It's write off the general linear model that you write down a long list of things that are true about the general linear model and a statistician has to know these. They are true, they are from the same linear model and they're very important. But when we get to what the statistician is actually going to do, well we know that the general linear model assumptions are not true they may be more or less true and our conclusions may be more or less trustworthy. What is true, I'm not prepared to give a philosophical discussion of what else\r\n\r\n- Wait, I would like to give a thought. In this metrics business, it's all got to do with getting close to something and we need to know what that something is or do we merely know that we're close and that's enough?\r\n\r\n- I just\r\n\r\n- The question is too hard from the same linear model, and they're very important but when That may be best suited in some\r\n\r\n- No. The question of what a scientist is looking for looking for evidence that some phenomenon is there, looking for evidence of some verbal connection in the universe. That's a very slippery subject. We have conventions of what constitutes evidence. And one of those conventions is that all more civilian death decadence comes from a proper randomized comparative doing so that the ideas of statistics contribute to the conventions of science on what makes great evidence , but whether they are true or not, it is very slippery. Scientists in general as far as I know, are happy if they have a mental model often mathematically stressed to strive for phenomenon and can be used for prediction, whether that model was in some sense true and is something that is generally available, as statistician I think cannot easily go beyond what the scientist with whom we work.\r\n\r\n- But you have to assume that there's, what he sort of saying that you have to assume that the something that you're looking for is actually there.\r\n\r\n- It's generally thought, I certainly agree that an unspoken assumption for all of science, inside the universe the universe is stable, that the universe is relatively uniform, that God doesn't do one thing to us today, and another thing to us tomorrow, that's fabulous That sort of very general assumption about the universe, may not be enumerable if you call the law of personal beliefs, but we cannot ignore that anyway.\r\n\r\n- Any other questions? If anyone would like to talk to Dr. Moore personally, there's a reception afterwards here. There's cookies and punch outside. And there's a visiting hour in room 101A Snedeker hall tomorrow morning at 10.30 if anyone else would like to talk to him then. Let's thank our speaker.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40465/file/112082#t=0.0,771.10857"}]}]}]}