{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/ks6j09ws51/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Beitz, Donald C., Conjugated Linoleic Acid"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Conjugated Linoleic Acid: A Component of Animal Fats with Human Health Benefits? Iowa State University Lecture Series (RS 8/6/53). Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["There are no restrictions on access. (access)","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for non-commercial uses. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Beitz, Donald C. (speaker)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2000-11-30"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Conjugated Linoleic Acid is a November 30, 2000 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring Don Beitz. Don Beitz discusses some of the possible health effects of CLAs.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. (accessibility)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1/4 inch audio cassette"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV204755 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Committee on Lectures records (RS 8/6/53) (physical collection)","Iowa State Lectures Series (digital collection)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Linoleic acid","Functional foods","Nutrition","Animal culture"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["lectures","Sound"]}},{"label":{"en":["Local Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["Lectures_AV204755"]}},{"label":{"en":["Ark"]},"value":{"en":["https://n2t.net/ark:/87292/w94m91g4s"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Conjugated Linoleic Acid is a November 30, 2000 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring Don Beitz. Don Beitz discusses some of the possible health effects of CLAs.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines."]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["There are no restrictions on access.","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for non-commercial uses. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Iowa State University"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Iowa State University"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/115/275/small/lecture.png?1622064314","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 2 - AV204755_Conjugated_Linoleic_Acid_a.mp3"]},"duration":2814.288,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/115/275/small/lecture.png?1622064314","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/115/275/original/AV204755_Conjugated_Linoleic_Acid_a.mp3?1622064314","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":2814.288,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204755_Conjugated_Linoleic_Acid_a.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e For our Sigma Psi lecture, for,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=5.05,8.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially pleasing to see so many students","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=8.01,11.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"coming, if you're not familiar with Sigma Psi,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=11.163,13.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we bring in distinguished lecturers from around the country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=13.83,18.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and present programs that we think will be of interest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=18.42,22.377"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a broad audience on campus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=22.377,24.867"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's always a unique pleasure to count","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=26.02,30.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"among those international people some of our own superstars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=30.76,34.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so we have a chance tonight to hear from one of our own.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=34.0,38.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Don Beitz is a Charles F. Curtiss","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=38.21,41.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Distinguished Professor of Agriculture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=41.83,44.318"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Department of Animal Science.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=44.318,46.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he has, is a professor of animal science","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=46.36,48.858"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a professor of chemistry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=48.858,51.412"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He has bachelor's and master's degrees","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=51.412,53.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from University of Illinois,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=53.92,56.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and PhD from Michigan State University.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=56.42,59.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His research basically relates","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=59.46,62.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to biochemistry and the physiology of nutrition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=62.64,66.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in this capacity he works","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=66.11,67.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with animal nutritionists as well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=67.62,70.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his focus is on both human and animal nutrition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=70.22,74.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And his website lists several very interesting projects,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=74.9,79.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and talking with him briefly this evening,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=79.52,82.359"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he has a project with mummies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=82.359,85.377"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is not listed on his website","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=85.377,86.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so he has a lot of things of interest going on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=86.62,89.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tonight, he's going to talk to us about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=89.473,92.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about conjugated linoleic acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=92.433,94.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a component of animal fats with human health benefits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=94.85,97.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, Don?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=97.63,98.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=98.463,99.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm really honored to see so many of you here tonight.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=100.4,103.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I hope what I say is of interest to you and useful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=103.56,108.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What I plan to do is tell you a little bit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=110.78,113.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about conjugated linoleic acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=113.52,116.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a compound of animal fats with human health benefits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=116.38,121.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can generalize and say that this molecule","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=121.15,124.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has really stimulated a whole wave of new research","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=124.91,129.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with nutritionists around the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=129.42,131.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's, 10 years ago that was bovine somatotropin, or BST.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=131.3,136.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, today it's CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=136.42,138.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's really stimulated much interest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=139.0,141.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but there's less controversy with it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=141.38,143.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So far, at least.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=143.93,146.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So here's the outline of what I plan","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=146.25,148.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to tell you about tonight,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=148.83,151.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to discuss a bit that CLA is a nutraceutical.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=151.03,155.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what is CLA?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=155.5,156.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll comment a bit about what is CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=156.93,159.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what foods contain CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=159.6,161.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then some data on health benefits,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=162.949,165.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not going to go into a great amount of data, but some.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=165.23,168.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then I'd like to make you aware","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=168.3,171.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the different amounts of research,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=171.2,174.998"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in fact a fairly extensive amount of research","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=174.998,177.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's being conducted at Iowa State on CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=177.46,180.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then comment a bit about the atherosclerotic index","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=180.94,185.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of different fats.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=185.76,186.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's a way of measuring whether in fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=186.93,189.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CLA improves the healthfulness of foods.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=189.22,193.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then a few comments about future research.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=193.68,196.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=200.23,201.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First I'd like to make a comment about functional foods.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=202.96,206.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is a new term that human nutritionists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=206.69,209.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are throwing around these days.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=209.31,211.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Functional foods is an important topic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=211.95,215.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of of its definition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=215.82,219.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Definition of a functional food is a food,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=219.07,222.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"either natural or formulated,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=222.02,225.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that will enhance physiological performance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=226.57,229.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or prevent or treat diseases and disorders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=229.8,233.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or the Institute of Medicine's Food and Nutrition Board","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=233.36,237.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has a definition for functional food,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=237.76,240.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is any food or food ingredients","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=240.18,242.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that may provide a health benefit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=242.25,244.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"beyond the traditional nutrients that that food contains.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=244.07,247.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So garlic, for example, is considered a functional food","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=248.6,253.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of some of the allylic molecules","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=253.98,256.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are contained in garlic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=256.38,257.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are thought to have some health benefits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=257.93,260.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, what about a nutraceutical?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=261.76,263.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is, I've served on a committee in the NRC","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=266.96,271.346"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I can tell you the FDA would love","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=271.346,273.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to have a good definition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=273.86,275.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that would stand the test of the legal system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=275.52,278.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What is nutraceutical?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=278.47,280.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As taken from the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=280.59,281.957"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=281.957,284.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a nutraceutical is chemicals found","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=284.81,286.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a natural component of foods","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=286.76,289.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or other ingestible forms that have been determined","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=289.52,292.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be beneficial to the human body","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=292.46,294.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in preventing or treating one or more diseases,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=294.92,298.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or improving physiological performance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=298.15,301.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's a working definition of a nutraceutical.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=302.68,306.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By the way, how do you think nutraceutical","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=306.31,308.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"should be spelled?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=308.07,309.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, nutrition is N, U, T, R, I, T, I, O, N.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=310.36,313.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And somebody at the cast office called me the other day","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=313.77,316.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and says, \"how should you spell nutraceutical?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=316.653,318.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And everywhere I've seen it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=318.52,319.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's always spelled N, U, T, R, A.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=319.64,321.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I really think that that's a misnomer, should be an I.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=321.78,324.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's just a thought.\n(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=324.54,327.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So nutraceuticals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=327.41,329.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What are some of them?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=330.24,331.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's a way of classifying the different compounds","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=334.0,337.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that fit the term nutraceutical.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=337.02,339.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Isoprenoids, carotenoids, saponins like in soybeans,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=339.9,344.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tocotrienols and tocopherols, those are vitamin E molecules","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=345.684,350.684"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and simple terpene.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=351.08,352.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So isoprenoids is one class.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=352.31,354.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Phenolic compounds and a group of molecules there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=354.08,357.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The isoflavones, several people at Iowa State","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=357.67,361.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"conducting research on isoflavones in soybeans, for example.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=361.19,365.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Protein, amino acid-based materials.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=365.56,368.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Folic acid, I believe, is gonna have a greater interest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=369.38,373.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the future because of its role in homocysteine control.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=373.82,377.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Homocysteine is going to be a new risk factor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=377.53,380.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in heart disease, just watch.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=380.52,382.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Carbohydrates and derivatives.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=383.8,385.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Non-sterol lipids and here's where CLA stands.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=386.6,390.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so that's why I'm telling you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=390.55,391.897"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a little bit about nutraceuticals,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=391.897,393.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because CLA is one of the many kinds of compounds","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=393.19,396.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are called nutraceuticals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=396.51,398.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Polyunsaturated fatty acids, the Omega-3 type.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=398.8,402.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Monounsaturated fatty acids, single lipids and lecithin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=402.38,405.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sterols, it's interesting, the handbook","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=406.09,408.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doesn't contain sterols as nutraceuticals,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=408.97,412.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I added them because they are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=412.74,415.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Many of you've probably heard of Benecol.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=415.33,417.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Benecol, a new type of margarine that contains stanol esters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=417.91,421.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that have been extracted from tree bark,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=421.15,424.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and if you consume a certain,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=424.51,426.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one and a half grams of that a day, I believe it is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=426.55,429.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one and a half grams a day, you'll have significant lowering","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=429.45,432.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of your blood cholesterol.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=432.65,434.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Minerals, microbial compounds,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=434.58,438.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"probiotics and prebiotics are considered nutraceuticals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=438.95,442.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, so CLA is one of the nutraceuticals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=442.89,447.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's actually found in animals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=448.02,452.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Animal nutraceuticals, so foods derived from animals,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=456.74,460.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'll comment more specifically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=460.7,462.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in just the moment, contain CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=462.57,464.894"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=464.894,468.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"DHA, EPA, those are long chain Omega-3 fatty acids in fish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=468.42,473.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And those are also considered nutraceuticals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=474.72,477.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they improve physical performance of health","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=477.31,480.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when in greater amounts in food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=480.03,481.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So here's the group of microbial nutraceuticals as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=483.28,486.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So many of these are a parts of yogurt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=486.83,490.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or sweet acidophilus milk,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=490.24,492.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you've heard of that, lactobacillus, acidophilus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=492.44,495.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the bifidobacteria, many of these bifidobacteria","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=496.25,499.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are commonly put in yogurts,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=499.84,502.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they're actually fecal organisms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=502.75,505.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they're put in yogurt, we like them very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=505.02,507.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=508.96,509.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, who discovered CLA?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=511.83,513.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so you can vote","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=515.88,516.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the discoverer.\n(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=516.84,519.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Michael W. Parisa.\n(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=519.18,523.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Be sure you get the Chad removed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=523.02,524.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pat Buchanan, Al Trenkle and F.C. Parrish,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=526.0,531.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these are two Iowa State scientists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=531.04,533.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, it turns out it's Michael Parisa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=533.63,536.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the University of Wisconsin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=537.07,538.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He's got numerous patents","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=538.59,540.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on various aspects of conjugated linoleic acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=540.8,544.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And actually he, it was serendipitous","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=545.79,549.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that he discovered the CLA because he was looking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=549.51,553.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for a mutagenic agent in charcoal-grilled hamburger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=553.94,556.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was back in the eighties","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=556.78,558.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there was pretty good evidence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=558.29,560.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there's something in hamburger that's a mutagen,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=560.54,563.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"based on the Bruce Ames test.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=563.0,566.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he found a lipid-soluble antimutagen instead","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=566.1,570.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because topical application of the extract","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=570.2,574.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decreased the mouse epidermal carcinogenesis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=574.56,577.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than increasing carcinogenesis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=577.11,579.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He found a decrease.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=579.92,581.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so he took several years and lots of hard labor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=581.04,585.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and many graduate students working many hours.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=585.0,588.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they identified that antimutagen as CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=588.24,591.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that opened the floodgates of research on CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=591.89,595.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because my goodness, here's something","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=595.5,596.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in an animal product that's anticarcinogenic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=596.93,600.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In hamburger, in charcoal-broiled hamburger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=600.25,604.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and don't recount that ballot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=604.05,606.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what is CLA?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=606.52,607.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's a CLA structure","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=609.4,612.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"compared to a common linoleic acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=613.37,616.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For reference, soybean oil is about 60% linolenic acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=616.18,620.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of course, attached to, in triglyceride form.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=620.01,623.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And here is linoleic acid, 9-cis, 12-cis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=623.14,627.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for those of you who have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=627.32,628.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sufficient organic chemistry training.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=628.68,631.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And here, the yellow is the double bonds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=631.31,634.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there's two single bonds in between the double bonds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=634.97,638.314"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's the normal way of fatty acid double bonds","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=638.314,641.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in naturally occurring fatty acids,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=641.62,645.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"except for the conjugated linoleic acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=645.92,649.294"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you see that's 9-cis, 11-trans,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=649.294,651.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"conjugated only one single bond","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=651.61,654.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in between the two double bonds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=654.41,656.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And these are the two most commonly occurring","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=656.29,658.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"conjugated linoleic acid isomers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=659.996,662.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The 9-trans, 11-cis, oh, excuse me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=662.37,665.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of them should be 10, 12, and this is the 10, 12.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=667.869,671.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that should be 10, 12.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=671.35,672.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anyway, two isomers that occur","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=673.85,676.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and one of the double bonds is cis and one is trans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=676.78,680.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, here's what you can eat to get some CLA in your diet,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=682.42,687.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this magic anti-cancer molecule","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=689.07,691.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we'll talk about here in a moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=691.553,694.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The most prevalent naturally occurring isomer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=694.28,696.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the 9-cis, trans-11 isomer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=696.34,700.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You see in all these foods, 80 to 90% of the,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=700.43,704.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's the form of the isomer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=704.87,707.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the other remaining isomer is probably the 10, 12.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=707.15,711.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But look at meats.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=711.05,713.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you see meats from ruminants have in the order,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=713.19,717.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"usually the fat, the CLA content","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=717.61,721.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"expressed as milligrams per gram,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=721.46,723.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and just keep these figures in your mind,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=723.82,725.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anywhere between four and six,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=725.8,728.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because we're going to reflect on that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=728.1,730.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as we look at some experiments in a moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=730.04,732.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Four to six.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=732.19,733.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So fresh ground beef, four, pork you see very little","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=733.59,738.356"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'll show you that the CLA is formed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=738.356,741.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the rumen of ruminants.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=741.83,744.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Chicken, but less, much less.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=744.19,746.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ground turkey, it's interesting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=746.0,747.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Turkey has intermediate between ruminants and non-ruminants.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=747.55,751.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Seafood, little.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=751.64,753.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But cheese, because it's from milk fat, you see four to six.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=753.55,758.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Figures like all other dairy products,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=758.46,761.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the CLA content four to six, and vegetables trace amounts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=761.16,765.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well where would you get some CLA today?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=767.82,770.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, you could go to the North Grand Store and buy it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=770.94,774.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And until about a month ago, it would've been produced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=774.3,777.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by, sold by Conlinco out of Detroit Lakes, Minnesota.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=777.41,782.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they get it from a company that makes it in Norway,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=782.17,786.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I believe it is, from sunflower oil","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=786.68,788.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that undergoes hydrolysis and partial reduction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=788.293,792.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to produce a CLA-rich oil that's about 60% CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=792.3,797.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And here's some of that in this bottle,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=797.21,799.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just looks like soybean oil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=799.74,801.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is not as a triglyceride","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=801.53,803.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but as a free fatty acid, so it's been hydrolyzed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=803.47,807.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from triglyceride form to present as a free fatty acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=807.03,811.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now that's how you can make it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=813.25,814.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from naturally occurring fats, like sunflower oil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=814.66,819.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is how animals make it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=820.9,823.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Animals biohydrogenate linoleic acid in the rumen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=823.21,827.097"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so when animals eat linoleic acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=827.097,830.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as when they eat corn,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=830.09,832.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there's linoleic acid in the corn oil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=832.88,836.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"esterified linoleic acid undergoes hydrolysis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=836.01,838.027"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"producing linoleic acid that may be absorbed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=838.027,841.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but most of it's not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=841.2,842.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it undergoes an isomerase activity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=843.26,847.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"contributed by a few types of bacteria in the rumen,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=847.16,851.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that live there and produce the CLA that may be absorbed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=851.15,855.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in fact, most of the CLA is reduced further.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=855.67,859.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Instead of, so here you see, the double bond is just moved","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=859.74,863.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the 12th to the 11th position, becomes a trans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=863.07,866.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Most of the CLA is reduced further to vaccenic acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=867.18,870.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is in fact 18:1 trans-11.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=870.99,873.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that may be absorbed as well, but most of it is not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=874.906,879.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And most of that gets reduced further to stearic acid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=879.4,882.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then that gets absorbed, fairly efficient.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=882.64,885.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So most of the linoleic acid that ruminants consume","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=885.0,889.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is converted to stearic acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=889.07,891.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's why ruminant fats are more saturated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=891.03,893.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is converting a polyunsaturated fatty acid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=893.92,897.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a saturated fatty acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=897.21,899.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But some of these intermediates along the way are absorbed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=899.59,903.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one of them is CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=903.06,905.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, that great molecule","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=906.68,910.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is of great interest to human nutritionists,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=910.15,913.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"animal nutritionists, animal scientists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=913.48,916.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I made this slide listing as animal scientist,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=916.34,919.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"human nutritionists would say the same thing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=920.17,923.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"inhibit carcinogenesis, and I'll show","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=923.12,925.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a couple of numbers on that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=925.52,927.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is why CLA is of great interest,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=927.34,929.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of that inhibition of carcinogenesis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=929.55,932.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's been documented over and over again","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=932.54,934.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after Parisa made his initial discovery at Wisconsin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=935.77,939.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Inhibits atherosclerosis, and I'll comment a bit about that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=940.09,943.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"increases immune system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=943.63,944.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And a graduate student in animal science","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=945.84,949.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has some really nice work in showing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=949.07,951.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how CLA improves the immune system of pigs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=951.09,953.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And presumably it would do the same to people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=954.8,957.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Improves feed efficiency in pigs, that's good news.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=958.04,961.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Decreases body fat, that's good news for humans,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=961.72,965.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's good news for animal scientists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=965.34,967.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Increases lean, that's good news.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=967.59,970.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Increases bone ash, decreases bone loss,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=970.18,972.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"increases trabecular bone formation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=972.84,974.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it probably has a role in bone formation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=974.81,978.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I won't show any data on that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=978.24,980.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but Bruce Watkins at Purdue University","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=980.55,982.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is studying this whole process","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=984.621,986.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of how CLA can improve bone health.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=986.63,990.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, greater glucose tolerance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=990.06,993.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, gosh, so many good things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=993.08,995.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You see why CLA has become so popular?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=995.42,998.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I cannot make a list of negatives.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=998.12,1000.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I will bring out a couple in just a moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1001.75,1004.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, here's some numbers, one experiment I'm gonna show,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1006.86,1011.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or two, I'm going to show","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1012.64,1014.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"two sets of experiments for anti-cancer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1014.14,1018.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so here's an experiment with,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1018.12,1019.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think this was rats or mice,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1021.182,1023.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"matrix tumor incidents in the mammary gland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1024.41,1027.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so the mice or rats, I think, they were fed CLA,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1028.52,1032.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"none up to 0.5% of the diet and the incidence of tumors,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1032.52,1037.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"56, decreased down to 36.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1037.65,1039.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the total number of tumors was cut in half.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1040.76,1043.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So Clement Ip reported these data.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1044.301,1046.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he's reported many papers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1046.95,1049.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"showing pretty much the same thing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1049.04,1051.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that CLA decreases the incidence of tumors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1051.12,1054.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, that's when you add purified CLA like this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1054.41,1059.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the diet of those experimental animals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1059.722,1062.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, what about if you feed a natural food?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1063.26,1066.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, the whole intent of nutritionists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1068.398,1069.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to teach people to consume food rather than supplements.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1069.78,1074.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay? So here, anti-cancer effect of CLA in butter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1074.59,1078.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Scientists at Cornell produced butter from some cows that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1079.88,1084.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the butter had 0.8%.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1086.34,1087.957"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"0.8 grams per hundred grams.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1089.883,1091.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's, that's about 80 times, eight times,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1091.83,1096.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"eight times what normally is present in butter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1097.08,1101.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then compared that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1101.62,1103.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with some commercial CLA preparations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1103.0,1106.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"two companies, Matreya and Nu-Chek,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1106.25,1108.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you see in the control animals,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1108.67,1110.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"28 out of 30 incidents of cancer with 92 tumors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1110.17,1113.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The incidence was almost in half","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1114.95,1116.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when they were fed the butter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1116.75,1118.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the number of tumors is in half.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1118.58,1120.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this equivalent for the commercial CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1120.76,1123.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So here's another study that shows","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1123.78,1126.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that CLA decreased cancer incidents.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1126.84,1130.479"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in every study that I've read,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1130.479,1134.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you can see a decrease in the incidence of cancer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1134.67,1137.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, what about body fat?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1138.67,1140.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The best study so far on body fat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1140.87,1143.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"showing the greatest effect, are in mice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1143.82,1146.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this work was recorded down","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1146.64,1148.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at University of Wisconsin by Park.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1148.83,1151.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he fed CLA to some mice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1151.31,1153.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and found major decreases in fat percent","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1153.97,1157.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the carcass of these mice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1157.66,1159.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And increase in body protein.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1160.22,1162.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they were trying to figure out why.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1163.24,1165.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one of the observations was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1165.54,1168.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this particular enzyme, which is very important","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1168.03,1171.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the oxidation of fatty acids, is increased.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1171.23,1174.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so perhaps these mice were using fatty acids","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1174.79,1178.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"more as a fuel and storing less of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1178.11,1181.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Also CLA decreased lipoprotein lipase in adiposytes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1182.933,1186.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and increased lipolysis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1186.81,1188.851"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The main point of this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1188.851,1189.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that CLA decreased the mechanisms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1189.8,1192.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by which the mice have to store fat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1192.77,1195.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they had less capability of storing fat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1196.79,1199.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so they didn't get as fat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1199.51,1201.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so that led scientists at Wisconsin,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1201.34,1205.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in fact, Dr. Atkinson in particular to get,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1205.29,1209.347"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"write a proposal to the NIH.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1210.37,1213.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this study has been essentially completed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1213.82,1217.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the first study of determining","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1217.78,1220.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the CLA effect on human obesity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1220.44,1223.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so they had obese people participating in the study.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1223.33,1227.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the best I can say is they got mixed results.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1227.86,1231.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It wasn't clear-cut as in mice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1231.01,1232.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And every time, that's fairly typical, though.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1233.877,1236.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People are very heterogeneous compared","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1238.15,1240.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a lot of these inbred mice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1240.3,1241.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you can get for experiments.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1241.95,1244.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One thing that was shown is that CLA-fed humans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1244.97,1247.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lost the most weight.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1247.48,1248.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so the results were mixed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1250.31,1253.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but yet gave optimism to the researchers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1253.64,1256.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They've rewritten their proposal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1256.09,1258.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and got it funded for a followup study","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1258.22,1260.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and an Iowa state graduate, Leah Whigham,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1260.29,1263.304"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is actually helping in the repeat study","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1263.304,1267.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to see if in fact CLA can be an anti-obesity food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1267.72,1272.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wouldn't that be interesting?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1272.52,1274.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A fat that decreases body fat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1274.1,1276.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Try that one on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1278.17,1279.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay. Well what about heart disease?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1280.2,1283.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of the biggest risk factors in heart disease","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1283.55,1286.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is blood cholesterol.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1286.27,1287.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so the higher your cholesterol, the greater risk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1288.37,1291.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the lower cholesterol, lesser risk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1291.47,1294.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well David Kritchevsky is Mr. Cholesterol","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1294.32,1298.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the Wistar Institute.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1298.4,1299.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And David Kritchevsky fed rabbits CLA for 24 weeks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1299.99,1304.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and followed their blood cholesterol concentration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1305.13,1308.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And lo and behold, he found that the control animals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1308.56,1312.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had blood cholesterol of this concentration","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1312.14,1315.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during that growth period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1315.61,1317.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the, and they were feeding cholesterol along with this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1317.74,1321.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And when they used CLA in these rabbits,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1321.49,1324.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they had a decrease in blood cholesterol.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1325.58,1328.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bob Nicolosi at another institution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1328.93,1331.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has shown the same kind of data.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1331.74,1334.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"LDL cholesterol goes down as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1334.6,1337.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"HDL cholesterol stays constant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1337.4,1339.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So everything looks good with rabbits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1339.93,1342.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But are rabbits humans? No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1342.89,1345.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And will humans behave like rabbits?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1345.27,1347.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, we'll have to wait and see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1347.26,1348.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nobody has really done a good study yet","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1349.8,1351.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on CLA feeding, on human blood cholesterol.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1353.29,1357.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, this is two studies that are pretty challenging.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1360.13,1365.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Two very large epidemiological studies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1370.42,1374.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The largest one is number one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1374.14,1376.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'm not going to go present all the data,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1376.64,1378.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just show you the highlights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1378.96,1380.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some people in Finland conducted a epidemiological study","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1381.592,1385.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of people consuming variable amounts of milk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1385.41,1387.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Finnish people, I guess,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1388.96,1390.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at least when this study was done,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1390.77,1392.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"consume largely whole milk, where in this country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1392.2,1396.017"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're consuming more and more skim milk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1396.017,1399.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what the study involved was a,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1399.06,1402.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"women consuming variable amounts of milk fat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1402.46,1407.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, of course, they mix diets throughout Finland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1407.1,1410.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Diet composition varied extensively,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1410.94,1413.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but milk consumption was plotted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1413.72,1416.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a function of incidence of breast cancer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1416.48,1419.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the conclusion was very, very clear","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1420.951,1423.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that higher intakes of milk and milk fat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1423.41,1425.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"associated with lower risk of breast cancer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1425.8,1428.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So why was that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1429.37,1431.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, nobody knows for sure, but you could say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1431.29,1433.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, it's the CLA in the milk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1433.96,1436.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's what the authors wanted to say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1436.62,1438.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's hard to come to definitive conclusions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1438.41,1442.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with large studies like this where it's so multifactorial.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1442.23,1445.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some individuals in UCLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1447.17,1449.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did a similar type of study, epidemiological study,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1451.84,1455.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they were looking at coronary heart disease","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1455.5,1457.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and showed that coronary heart disease decreases","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1457.8,1460.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with higher intakes of whole milk and CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1460.1,1463.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's, that is challenging","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1465.2,1470.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for many of us to think about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1471.1,1472.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because normally you're taught to think that higher intakes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1472.49,1475.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"higher intakes of saturated fat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1475.78,1477.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will raise blood cholesterol.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1477.52,1479.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in this epidemiological study,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1479.31,1482.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"higher milk intake was associated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1482.23,1484.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with lower coronary heart disease.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1484.02,1485.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What else varied?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1485.52,1486.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As people drank more milk, what did they eat less of?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1486.56,1489.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you have to think that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1489.3,1491.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By the way, if you want to stop and ask me a question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1493.53,1496.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stop me anytime and ask a question, that's fine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1496.56,1499.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't mind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1499.2,1500.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I like discussions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1500.16,1501.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, how much CLA should you consume?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1502.89,1506.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, if you extrapolate from rats,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1507.38,1510.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a Clement Ip study on cancer development,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1510.52,1514.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you would calculate that you should consume","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1514.45,1516.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at least one gram and possibly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1516.49,1518.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up to three grams per day of CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1518.68,1521.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now I think at the price at North Grand Store,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1522.83,1524.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that'd be about $30 worth of CLA pills per month.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1524.97,1528.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So about a dollar a day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1528.73,1530.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it seems like that's what,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1530.42,1532.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people who put out supplements, they figure,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1532.1,1534.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, people are willing to spend a dollar a day","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1534.13,1536.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for better health, for allegedly better health.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1536.03,1538.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So eat about three grams a day and how should you get it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1538.98,1542.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, you could do it by buying it as pure oil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1542.0,1545.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just like I showed in the bottle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1545.68,1547.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or we could develop foods","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1547.33,1550.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are richer in CLA than they now are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1550.81,1553.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we could perhaps feed CLA to food animals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1553.76,1557.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and produce meat, milk and eggs that's richer in CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1557.14,1560.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or, why don't we genetically modify plants?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1560.42,1563.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Make a new GMO for the public to talk about?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1564.49,1567.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this one could contain that enzyme called isomerase","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1567.65,1571.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that converts linoleic acid to conjugated linoleic acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1571.99,1576.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All you have to do is move a double bond one position.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1576.62,1580.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That seems simple and there's an enzyme and bacteria","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1580.09,1582.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that can do it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1582.3,1583.559"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you put that bacteria into soybeans,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1583.559,1586.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"couldn't you make soybean oil have 60% CLA in it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1586.56,1590.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just like this, rather than 60% linoleic like normal?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1590.56,1595.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, that's a thought.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1595.49,1596.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So here is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1599.37,1602.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I went through some calculations to estimate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1602.97,1605.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how much CLA that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1605.19,1607.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we consume per day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1609.45,1611.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Assume 35% of dietary calories are from fat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1611.52,1615.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Assume 50% of daily calories from animals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1615.63,1618.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and 50%, total intake is 2000 calories.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1618.87,1623.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's fairly typical of many of us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1624.37,1627.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Assume these proportions of dietary animal fats.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1627.5,1630.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One part beef to one part poultry","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1630.66,1633.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to one part dairy fat to 4/10 part pork and 1/10 part fish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1633.08,1637.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you do that, your intake is about 120 milligrams.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1637.78,1642.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When I just said that you need one to three grams,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1642.09,1645.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's about a 10th of what you might extrapolate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1645.05,1648.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from Clement Ip's anti-cancer data.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1648.21,1651.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I'm just going to show, this is a fairly complex slide","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1652.4,1656.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I want to show you some of the thoughts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1656.13,1659.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of why these health benefits seem to be occurring.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1659.02,1662.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Scientists are now trying to figure out the mechanism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1663.56,1666.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of why CLA has the action that it does","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1666.34,1669.767"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the actions are listed here at the bottom.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1669.767,1673.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Carcinogenesis slowed down, atherosclerosis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1673.01,1675.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cachexia, that's appetite, eating.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1676.442,1679.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Inflammatory response is decreased,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1679.16,1681.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"muscle catabolism seemed slower.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1681.32,1683.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Obesity is less, and here's some specific enzymes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1683.47,1687.811"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"metabolic processes that seem to be impacted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1687.811,1691.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How does this occur by this magic molecule known as CLA?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1691.74,1695.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, here's a major mechanism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1695.77,1698.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's being studied by many people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1698.54,1700.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It involves this scheme where CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1700.52,1703.437"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has a negative effect on the conversion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1703.437,1705.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of linolenic acid to arachidonic acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1705.48,1708.779"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is a polyunsaturated fatty acid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1708.779,1711.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is a precursor for prostaglandins.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1711.01,1713.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe you've heard of prostaglandins,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1714.78,1716.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or they're called eicosanoids,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1716.42,1718.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"prostaglandin E-2, F-2 Alpha and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1719.617,1723.109"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And eicosanoids, then, impact on the influence of TNF-Alpha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1723.109,1728.109"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is a molecule that helps you destroy your tissue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1729.46,1733.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So in muscle wasting and all that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1734.39,1736.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"TNF-Alpha is very much involved.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1736.41,1739.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"TNF-Alpha seems to be involved in all these processes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1739.91,1743.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and eicosanoids influence that TNF-Alpha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1743.28,1747.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so the major effect is that CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1747.65,1749.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is probably having this impact on macrophages","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1749.73,1752.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and other immune cells producing TNF-Alpha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1752.03,1755.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another possibility is that there's a protein","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1755.58,1759.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"called PPAR Gamma or PPAR Alpha.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1759.14,1762.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a transcription factor, a protein that binds DNA,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1762.22,1765.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it controls expression of genes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1765.72,1768.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And CLA is thought to bind to it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1768.43,1771.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and influence all these enzymes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1771.21,1773.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so this is an overall scheme","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1773.82,1776.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that people are now using to try to understand","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1776.97,1781.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how CLA has its actions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1781.19,1783.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And nobody really knows for sure,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1783.29,1784.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everything is still postulating.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1784.63,1786.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, what I want to do now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1791.46,1793.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is tell you a little bit about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1793.2,1794.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some Iowa state studies on CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1794.96,1797.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So first I'd like to tell you a bit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1798.75,1800.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the study of feeding pigs CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1800.33,1803.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, why would you want to feed pigs CLA?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1803.92,1806.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, one reason would be to get more CLA in the pork","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1806.23,1809.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that when people consume pork, then it's more healthful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1809.68,1812.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, does it do that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1814.45,1816.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's a few numbers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1816.87,1819.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Effect of CLA on body composition of finishing pigs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1820.68,1824.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so the pigs were fed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1824.31,1825.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these different amounts of dietary CLA,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1825.71,1828.073"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1% of the diet was the maximum.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1828.073,1830.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one thing that was observed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1830.95,1833.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is look what's happened to the thickness of the back fat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1833.02,1836.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Centimeters of back fat over the 10th rib","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1836.37,1838.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"goes from 2.9 to 2.3 and two six.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1838.673,1843.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So significant decrease.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1844.57,1846.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You see all these have Bs, this has an A,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1846.163,1848.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a significant decrease.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1848.343,1850.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In every experiment that's been done,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1850.653,1853.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CLA decreased the obesity of pigs, and that's good news.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1853.01,1856.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it also increased the size of the loin eye,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1857.2,1860.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the pork chop.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1860.05,1860.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it changed belly hardness.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1861.97,1865.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And let me show you belly hardness","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1865.76,1868.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a different way than numbers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1868.0,1870.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the belly is what produces that bacon that we all like.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1874.43,1879.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, here's a belly piece from pigs fed no CLA,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1879.03,1884.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you see how it hangs over a bar.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1886.52,1890.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is a crude measure,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1890.91,1892.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it seems to illustrate the point.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1892.13,1894.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And look what happens to the belly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1894.6,1896.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the 0.5% CLA added to the diet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1896.33,1900.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That belly you see is stiffer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1900.57,1902.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, it turns out that the composition of this fat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1903.28,1907.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is significantly changed so that this is more rigid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1907.43,1911.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the same temperature as this one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1911.25,1913.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, and this is, this is probably good","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1915.642,1918.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because one of the challenges of meat packages","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1918.24,1920.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is being able to slice this well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1920.79,1923.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Real mushy belly doesn't slice well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1923.12,1925.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another possibility, well, there's pretty good evidence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1927.92,1932.461"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this is what's happening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1932.461,1933.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in that belly to make it harder.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1933.7,1935.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There is a gene for a fatty acid desaturase","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1937.33,1940.727"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is expressed to form a messenger RNA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1941.58,1946.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then that messenger RNA is used","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1946.2,1948.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make a protein called Stearoyl-CoA desaturase.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1948.4,1951.537"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what does that enzyme do?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1951.537,1953.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It catalyzes the conversion of stearic acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1953.16,1956.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is saturated fatty acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1956.28,1957.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to oleic acid, which is an unsaturated acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1957.93,1962.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By the way, this is the acid that's rich in olive oil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1962.23,1965.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hence the name Oleo, or oleic acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1966.138,1968.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then that gets incorporated into triglyceride.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1969.091,1971.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, this fatty acid is a liquid at room temperature,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1971.11,1974.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is a solid at room temperature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1974.03,1976.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you have more of this in the belly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1976.31,1978.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's going to be more liquid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1978.57,1980.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, it turns out that CLA inhibits this gene","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1980.2,1983.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"being expressed into messenger RNA, that's been documented.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1983.99,1988.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there's less of this enzyme","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1988.41,1989.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to convert stearic acid to oleic acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1989.99,1992.077"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the belly's got more of this than usual,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1992.077,1995.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so the triglycerides don't melt at room temperature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1995.44,1998.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the belly is stiffer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1998.09,1999.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, is that a good thing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=1999.77,2001.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Probably not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2001.22,2002.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is a saturated acid, this is unsaturated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2002.053,2004.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another trait that Fred Parrish","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2007.0,2010.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and his graduate students demonstrated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2010.68,2013.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was that the color of the meat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2013.81,2015.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seemed to be affected a bit by CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2015.76,2019.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is a pork chop from a pig that's fed no CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2019.27,2024.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this is one that was fed CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2025.318,2027.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Redder, pinker, and this is important for our export market.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2027.0,2031.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there might be some advantage for that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2031.18,2034.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"feeding CLA to pigs from that point of view.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2035.83,2038.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, does it improve the CLA content of what you eat?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2039.15,2043.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CLA on the subcutaneous adipose tissue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2046.15,2049.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and skeletal muscle of pigs fed CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2049.04,2051.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So here's some of the different forms of CLA,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2051.15,2054.547"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the different isomers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2054.547,2056.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again milligrams per gram of lipid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2056.54,2059.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So subcutaneous adipose tissue,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2060.44,2062.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the dietary CLA is increasing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2064.51,2067.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you see the amount of CLA increased as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2067.45,2071.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So substantial amounts of CLA in the adipose tissue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2071.67,2076.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, you don't eat much of the adipose tissue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2077.36,2079.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What about the meat?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2079.3,2080.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Skeletal muscle, you see","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2080.58,2083.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up to about seven milligrams per gram","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2083.2,2086.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and ordinarily it's very, very low in pork.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2086.88,2091.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you can get substantial increases of CLA in pork.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2091.6,2096.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now what about, oh, let's summarize first.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2096.39,2101.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, one thing that occurred in all the pig experiments,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2101.44,2106.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"average daily gain increase,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2106.0,2108.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"amount of gain per amount of feed improved,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2108.26,2110.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's good for efficiency.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2110.88,2112.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Decreased back fat thickness,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2113.71,2115.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"increased loin eye area, increased belly hardness.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2115.6,2119.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Those are observations, there are many others,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2119.43,2123.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but those that I chose to mention tonight.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2123.59,2125.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Want to comment a bit about feeding CLA to ruminants.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2127.078,2130.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cause we've got other challenges now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2130.41,2132.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because what happens to CLA as it goes to the rumen,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2132.05,2136.378"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where we had that anaerobic fermentation going on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2136.378,2138.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so a few of us have been involved","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2139.48,2141.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with that particular experiment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2141.4,2143.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where we used sheep that were surgically fit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2143.35,2147.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that we could make these measurements.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2147.07,2149.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We hypothesized that CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2149.84,2152.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is extensively biohydrogenated in the rumen,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2152.86,2155.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is, the double bonds or reduced to single bonds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2155.373,2159.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that when you feed the CLA as a calcium salt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2159.66,2163.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's less extensively biohydrogenated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2163.05,2165.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so here's the example of CLA as a free acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2165.95,2169.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's CLA as a calcium salt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2170.644,2173.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so we had a guy in Las Vegas, Nevada prepare this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2173.21,2178.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by reacting this with calcium oxide and water.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2178.32,2182.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that makes it, of course, calcium hydroxide,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2182.18,2184.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's a base and reacts with the acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2184.59,2187.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you boil off the water and you end up with a powder.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2187.03,2190.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this should be more insoluble going into the rumen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2190.28,2195.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we've postulated that bacteria","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2195.17,2197.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would grab onto this less efficiently.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2197.43,2201.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By the way, here's my little pig that a CLA,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2201.37,2204.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this little pig needs some CLA,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2204.38,2206.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"see, it's a little bit too fat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2206.22,2208.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it needed some CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2208.33,2210.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, what happened to dietary CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2215.31,2217.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you feed it to sheep?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2217.97,2219.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, here's the CLA, we'll ignore all the other acids.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2220.87,2224.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A basal diet, there's 0.29 grams of CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2224.85,2229.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that gets the into the small intestine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2229.74,2232.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and available for absorption every day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2232.38,2235.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The diet of a CLA-fed sheep, we gave it 9.4 grams.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2235.16,2240.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So 9.4 grams per day, and look how much ended up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2242.37,2246.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"leaving the rumen and going into the small intestine, 0.62.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2246.23,2249.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So 90 plus percent of that ended up being reduced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2250.32,2254.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to probably stearic acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2254.04,2256.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When you feed it a CLA salt of calcium,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2256.58,2261.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you see nine grams put into the diet,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2261.47,2264.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and 1.28 grams ended up being available for absorption.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2264.98,2269.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we had a doubling of the amount","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2269.14,2271.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that goes into the small intestine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2271.18,2272.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be available for absorption.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2272.91,2274.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So our hypothesis was supported by two ways.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2274.53,2278.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One is extensive degradation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2278.56,2280.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and making a calcium salt decreased its degradation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2280.33,2284.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's the conclusion that we made from that study.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2285.02,2289.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the problem then in feeding ruminants is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2289.52,2292.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you feed a hundred grams, do you get","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2292.9,2295.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"10 grams or less being absorbed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2297.03,2299.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's pretty expensive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2299.67,2300.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, we decided to do an experiment nevertheless","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2300.91,2303.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with some dairy cows.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2303.56,2305.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again, we wanted to determine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2309.34,2312.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if the calcium salt increased the CLA content of milk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2312.41,2317.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a greater extent than the free assets.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2317.59,2320.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we're very interested in, can you make","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2320.23,2323.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a very rich CLA milk?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2324.06,2326.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, what did we observe?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2329.37,2332.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We fed dairy cows a basal diet,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2334.32,2337.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or fed them soy oil which is rich in linoleic acid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2337.58,2341.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or conjugated linoleic acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2341.45,2343.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or soy plus conjugated linoleic acid as a free acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2343.72,2347.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or calcium salts, and with soy oil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2347.7,2351.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And let's look at the fat yield.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2351.61,2355.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fat percent in the milk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2355.0,2357.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ordinary Holstein milk, 3.5%.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2357.0,2360.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Feeding soy oil, 2.7.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2360.67,2363.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CLA caused the same depression in milk fat percentage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2363.57,2367.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Soy oil plus CLA, a further decrease.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2367.83,2371.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or the calcium salts of CLA, decrease by 1%,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2372.78,2377.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"further decrease when you mix the two.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2378.85,2381.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So fat percent decreased by about 35% or so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2381.25,2386.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we went from three and a half","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2386.72,2388.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to two and a half percent fat in milk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2388.04,2390.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What about CLA content?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2390.96,2392.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we know it's fat-depressing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2394.64,2396.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CLA content in the milk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2398.04,2400.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"0.4 is the common figure","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2404.114,2406.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's what we observed in our,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2406.84,2408.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the milk from our cows with no added CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2408.68,2412.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we got it up threefold by feeding soy oil, you see,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2412.6,2416.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even more than if you feed just CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2416.99,2419.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And certainly, soy oil is going to be cheaper than CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2419.9,2424.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's an interesting point","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2425.673,2426.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for any kind of commercial adoption of that technology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2426.93,2430.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Soy plus CLA, a 1.3,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2430.56,2434.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and calcium salt 0.9 as a salt, or 0.7 as an acid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2434.03,2439.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you do get a greater increase with the salt,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2439.68,2442.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's for sure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2442.61,2444.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And 1.4, which is about four,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2444.32,2447.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"three and a half times the basal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2447.68,2449.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we could make CLA-rich milk, that's to be sure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2449.97,2454.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the conclusion from that experiment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2457.38,2460.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"feeding soy oil is more effective than feeding CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2460.3,2463.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to increase the CLA content of milk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2463.33,2465.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And feeding CLA as a calcium salt was more effective.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2465.987,2470.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'd like to tell you a little bit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2470.37,2471.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about a chicken-feeding experiment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2471.363,2473.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is all Iowa State work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2473.67,2475.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we've got geared up to join the bandwagon, so to speak.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2475.09,2479.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Effect of dietary CLA on CLA content of eggs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2479.63,2483.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jerry Sell is a cooperator in that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2483.0,2487.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So here's what we did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2488.67,2490.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We fed laying hens zero, 1.25,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2490.8,2494.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"2.5, and 5% of their diet as CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2495.243,2499.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And how did we change CLA content of the eggs?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2499.29,2503.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, the cis-9, trans-11 went all the way up to 5.3.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2503.43,2507.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The trans-10, cis-12 isomer, 3.4,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2509.11,2513.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or a total of 8.7 milligrams per gram of fat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2513.13,2518.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or weight percent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2519.73,2521.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's fairly substantial amounts of CLA in the eggs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2521.21,2526.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I can tell you that we took those eggs and boiled,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2528.12,2531.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just on a side experiment, boiled the eggs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2531.6,2534.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then you peel the white","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2534.39,2535.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"off the egg yolk that's solidified.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2535.37,2538.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you drop it, it'll bounce.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2538.3,2540.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So clearly you've changed the composition of that egg yolk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2540.33,2543.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in fact, you've changed it enough,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2543.78,2547.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it's become infertile.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2549.13,2550.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And why have you changed it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2550.84,2552.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, the, I didn't show all the fatty acid composition data","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2552.34,2557.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the Delta9 desaturase,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2557.76,2560.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an enzyme that converts stearic acid to oleic acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2560.36,2563.157"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we talked about that earlier,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2563.157,2565.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that enzyme is in fact inhibited by CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2565.22,2568.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the egg yolk, just like in the bellies of pigs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2568.57,2572.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has more of this and less of this than normal,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2572.07,2576.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because this enzyme is inhibited.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2576.12,2578.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we, the graduate student studied this enzyme","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2578.09,2583.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the liver of these laying hens.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2583.43,2585.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Delta5 desaturase, that makes arachidonic acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2585.34,2589.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was decreased as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2589.08,2590.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the one that ends up,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2590.6,2592.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's precursor to prostaglandins.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2592.71,2595.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And another desaturase was inhibited.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2595.85,2598.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So fatty acid desaturase is inhibited,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2598.31,2602.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"leading to more saturated fat in chicken yolk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2602.1,2607.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Chicken egg yolks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2607.49,2609.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, because the egg becomes fertile,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2609.0,2611.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think I've got the solution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2611.55,2613.679"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2613.679,2614.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CLA is a solution to the crow problems at ISU.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2614.62,2617.417"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if we could just develop a nice feed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2618.55,2620.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with some, rich enough in CLA,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2620.97,2623.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think 1% of the diet for the crows,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2623.39,2626.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would make them have trouble having children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2626.79,2629.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that would be good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2629.61,2630.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, at University of Wisconsin,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2631.63,2633.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"scientists have that idea patented,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2633.86,2637.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that's nothing new.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2637.21,2638.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Except they were talking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2640.53,2641.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about treating pigeons and sparrows.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2641.64,2645.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe they don't have crow problems in Wisconsin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2646.9,2649.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the summary is, dietary CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2649.06,2651.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"increased saturated fatty acids,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2651.05,2652.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decreased monounsaturated and polyunsaturated eggs in,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2652.63,2656.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fatty acids in eggs, increased CLA content markedly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2656.77,2661.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and changed the fatty acid desaturase.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2662.86,2666.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, we've done the same kind of work with,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2666.69,2669.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with beef cattle to show that feeding CLA to beef cattle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2670.67,2675.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"changes fatty acid composition,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2676.07,2678.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you can get marked increases in CLA content","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2678.98,2683.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the fat from beef cattle as well as from the lean.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2683.73,2688.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the conclusion of a nice study that Gassman did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2689.6,2694.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was feeding CLA to beef cattle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2694.47,2696.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"increases CLA content of beef lean and fat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2696.17,2699.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Would you pay more for beef at the store","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2699.32,2701.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you knew that it was CLA-enriched?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2701.69,2704.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, if you ate food from all of these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2705.19,2710.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I, these products that I mentioned, beef cattle,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2710.2,2714.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we've raised the, and if it's beef with 5.5% fat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2714.13,2719.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we've increased the CLA content enough","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2719.41,2721.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that if you ate a daily intake of beef,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2721.59,2724.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"112 grams of beef, you'd get 12.5 milligrams,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2724.12,2728.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's 12.5 milligrams of CLA per gram,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2728.57,2731.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or they give you a 76 milligrams of CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2731.28,2735.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pork, Fred Parrish's pigs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2735.07,2737.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"4% fat in those loins","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2737.903,2740.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has this much CLA per gram of fat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2740.06,2742.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or they'd give you 17.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2742.67,2744.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Milk, 3.2% fat and you have this much,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2744.55,2749.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that'll give you 316 milligrams CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2750.03,2753.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or two eggs at 87 milligrams per gram of fat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2753.4,2758.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that would give you 750 milligrams.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2758.44,2760.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so you see if you ate two eggs, 700 mils of milk,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2760.95,2765.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"62 grams of pork, 112 grams of beef every day,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2766.959,2770.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you get 1.159 gram milligrams of CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2770.29,2775.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it seems practical to me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2775.51,2777.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that if one gram per day is reasonable,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2777.54,2780.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then potentially we could produce animal-derived foods","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2780.8,2784.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with that amount of CLA so that you can have natural foods","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2784.96,2788.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than taking a supplement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2788.77,2790.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/860","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, it's food for thought.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2791.46,2793.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/861","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, another way, I'm gonna close on this thought.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2794.87,2798.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/862","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Are we making the foods more healthy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2799.4,2801.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/863","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when we feed CLA to the livestock","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2801.43,2803.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and make meat, milk and eggs?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2803.88,2806.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, one way of making an estimate of that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2806.08,2808.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/866","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is using what's--","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=2808.51,2809.557"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26786/annotation/867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/026/786/original/AV204755_Conjugated_Linoleic_Acid_a.vtt?1622064317","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/026/786/original/AV204755_Conjugated_Linoleic_Acid_a.vtt?1622064317"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26787","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204755_Conjugated_Linoleic_Acid_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275/transcript/26787/annotation/868","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- For our Sigma Psi lecture, for, especially pleasing to see so many students coming, if you're not familiar with Sigma Psi, we bring in distinguished lecturers from around the country and present programs that we think will be of interest to a broad audience on campus. It's always a unique pleasure to count among those international people some of our own superstars. And so we have a chance tonight to hear from one of our own. Dr. Don Beitz is a Charles F. Curtiss Distinguished Professor of Agriculture in the Department of Animal Science. And he has, is a professor of animal science and a professor of chemistry. He has bachelor's and master's degrees from University of Illinois, and PhD from Michigan State University. His research basically relates to biochemistry and the physiology of nutrition. And in this capacity he works with animal nutritionists as well, his focus is on both human and animal nutrition. And his website lists several very interesting projects, and talking with him briefly this evening, he has a project with mummies that is not listed on his website so he has a lot of things of interest going on. Tonight, he's going to talk to us about, about conjugated linoleic acid, a component of animal fats with human health benefits. So, Don?\r\n\r\n- Thank you very much. I'm really honored to see so many of you here tonight. And I hope what I say is of interest to you and useful. What I plan to do is tell you a little bit about conjugated linoleic acid, a compound of animal fats with human health benefits. I can generalize and say that this molecule has really stimulated a whole wave of new research with nutritionists around the country. It's, 10 years ago that was bovine somatotropin, or BST. Well, today it's CLA. It's really stimulated much interest but there's less controversy with it. So far, at least. So here's the outline of what I plan to tell you about tonight, is to discuss a bit that CLA is a nutraceutical. And what is CLA? I'll comment a bit about what is CLA and what foods contain CLA. And then some data on health benefits, I'm not going to go into a great amount of data, but some. And then I'd like to make you aware of the different amounts of research, in fact a fairly extensive amount of research that's being conducted at Iowa State on CLA. And then comment a bit about the atherosclerotic index of different fats. And that's a way of measuring whether in fact CLA improves the healthfulness of foods. And then a few comments about future research. Okay. First I'd like to make a comment about functional foods. This is a new term that human nutritionists are throwing around these days. Functional foods is an important topic because of of its definition. Definition of a functional food is a food, either natural or formulated, that will enhance physiological performance or prevent or treat diseases and disorders. Or the Institute of Medicine's Food and Nutrition Board has a definition for functional food, is any food or food ingredients that may provide a health benefit beyond the traditional nutrients that that food contains. So garlic, for example, is considered a functional food because of some of the allylic molecules that are contained in garlic that are thought to have some health benefits. Well, what about a nutraceutical? This is, I've served on a committee in the NRC and I can tell you the FDA would love to have a good definition that would stand the test of the legal system. What is nutraceutical? As taken from the \"Handbook of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods\", a nutraceutical is chemicals found as a natural component of foods or other ingestible forms that have been determined to be beneficial to the human body in preventing or treating one or more diseases, or improving physiological performance. That's a working definition of a nutraceutical. By the way, how do you think nutraceutical should be spelled? You know, nutrition is N, U, T, R, I, T, I, O, N. And somebody at the cast office called me the other day and says, \"how should you spell nutraceutical?\" And everywhere I've seen it it's always spelled N, U, T, R, A. But I really think that that's a misnomer, should be an I. That's just a thought. So nutraceuticals. What are some of them? Here's a way of classifying the different compounds that fit the term nutraceutical. Isoprenoids, carotenoids, saponins like in soybeans, tocotrienols and tocopherols, those are vitamin E molecules and simple terpene. So isoprenoids is one class. Phenolic compounds and a group of molecules there. The isoflavones, several people at Iowa State conducting research on isoflavones in soybeans, for example. Protein, amino acid-based materials. Folic acid, I believe, is gonna have a greater interest in the future because of its role in homocysteine control. Homocysteine is going to be a new risk factor in heart disease, just watch. Carbohydrates and derivatives. Non-sterol lipids and here's where CLA stands. And so that's why I'm telling you a little bit about nutraceuticals, because CLA is one of the many kinds of compounds that are called nutraceuticals. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, the Omega-3 type. Monounsaturated fatty acids, single lipids and lecithin. Sterols, it's interesting, the handbook doesn't contain sterols as nutraceuticals, but I added them because they are. Many of you've probably heard of Benecol. Benecol, a new type of margarine that contains stanol esters that have been extracted from tree bark, and if you consume a certain, one and a half grams of that a day, I believe it is, one and a half grams a day, you'll have significant lowering of your blood cholesterol. Minerals, microbial compounds, probiotics and prebiotics are considered nutraceuticals. Well, so CLA is one of the nutraceuticals that's actually found in animals. Animal nutraceuticals, so foods derived from animals, and I'll comment more specifically in just the moment, contain CLA. Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, DHA, EPA, those are long chain Omega-3 fatty acids in fish. And those are also considered nutraceuticals because they improve physical performance of health when in greater amounts in food. So here's the group of microbial nutraceuticals as well. So many of these are a parts of yogurt or sweet acidophilus milk, you've heard of that, lactobacillus, acidophilus. And the bifidobacteria, many of these bifidobacteria are commonly put in yogurts, and they're actually fecal organisms but they're put in yogurt, we like them very much. Okay. Well, who discovered CLA? And so you can vote for the discoverer. Michael W. Parisa. Be sure you get the Chad removed. Pat Buchanan, Al Trenkle and F.C. Parrish, these are two Iowa State scientists. Well, it turns out it's Michael Parisa at the University of Wisconsin. He's got numerous patents on various aspects of conjugated linoleic acid. And actually he, it was serendipitous that he discovered the CLA because he was looking for a mutagenic agent in charcoal-grilled hamburger. This was back in the eighties and there was pretty good evidence that there's something in hamburger that's a mutagen, based on the Bruce Ames test. And he found a lipid-soluble antimutagen instead because topical application of the extract decreased the mouse epidermal carcinogenesis, rather than increasing carcinogenesis. He found a decrease. And so he took several years and lots of hard labor and many graduate students working many hours. And they identified that antimutagen as CLA. And that opened the floodgates of research on CLA because my goodness, here's something in an animal product that's anticarcinogenic. In hamburger, in charcoal-broiled hamburger, and don't recount that ballot. So what is CLA? Here's a CLA structure compared to a common linoleic acid. For reference, soybean oil is about 60% linolenic acid, of course, attached to, in triglyceride form. And here is linoleic acid, 9-cis, 12-cis, for those of you who have sufficient organic chemistry training. And here, the yellow is the double bonds. And there's two single bonds in between the double bonds. And that's the normal way of fatty acid double bonds in naturally occurring fatty acids, except for the conjugated linoleic acid, and you see that's 9-cis, 11-trans, conjugated only one single bond in between the two double bonds. And these are the two most commonly occurring conjugated linoleic acid isomers. The 9-trans, 11-cis, oh, excuse me. One of them should be 10, 12, and this is the 10, 12. So that should be 10, 12. Anyway, two isomers that occur and one of the double bonds is cis and one is trans. Well, here's what you can eat to get some CLA in your diet, this magic anti-cancer molecule we'll talk about here in a moment. The most prevalent naturally occurring isomer is the 9-cis, trans-11 isomer. You see in all these foods, 80 to 90% of the, that's the form of the isomer, and the other remaining isomer is probably the 10, 12. But look at meats. And you see meats from ruminants have in the order, usually the fat, the CLA content expressed as milligrams per gram, and just keep these figures in your mind, anywhere between four and six, because we're going to reflect on that as we look at some experiments in a moment. Four to six. So fresh ground beef, four, pork you see very little and I'll show you that the CLA is formed in the rumen of ruminants. Chicken, but less, much less. Ground turkey, it's interesting. Turkey has intermediate between ruminants and non-ruminants. Seafood, little. But cheese, because it's from milk fat, you see four to six. Figures like all other dairy products, the CLA content four to six, and vegetables trace amounts. Well where would you get some CLA today? Well, you could go to the North Grand Store and buy it. And until about a month ago, it would've been produced by, sold by Conlinco out of Detroit Lakes, Minnesota. And they get it from a company that makes it in Norway, I believe it is, from sunflower oil that undergoes hydrolysis and partial reduction to produce a CLA-rich oil that's about 60% CLA. And here's some of that in this bottle, just looks like soybean oil. And this is not as a triglyceride but as a free fatty acid, so it's been hydrolyzed from triglyceride form to present as a free fatty acid. Now that's how you can make it from naturally occurring fats, like sunflower oil. And this is how animals make it. Animals biohydrogenate linoleic acid in the rumen. And so when animals eat linoleic acid, as when they eat corn, and there's linoleic acid in the corn oil, esterified linoleic acid undergoes hydrolysis, producing linoleic acid that may be absorbed but most of it's not. But it undergoes an isomerase activity, contributed by a few types of bacteria in the rumen, that live there and produce the CLA that may be absorbed. But in fact, most of the CLA is reduced further. Instead of, so here you see, the double bond is just moved from the 12th to the 11th position, becomes a trans. Most of the CLA is reduced further to vaccenic acid, which is in fact 18:1 trans-11. And that may be absorbed as well, but most of it is not. And most of that gets reduced further to stearic acid and then that gets absorbed, fairly efficient. So most of the linoleic acid that ruminants consume is converted to stearic acid. And that's why ruminant fats are more saturated. This is converting a polyunsaturated fatty acid to a saturated fatty acid. But some of these intermediates along the way are absorbed. And one of them is CLA. So, that great molecule is of great interest to human nutritionists, animal nutritionists, animal scientists. I made this slide listing as animal scientist, human nutritionists would say the same thing, inhibit carcinogenesis, and I'll show a couple of numbers on that. This is why CLA is of great interest, because of that inhibition of carcinogenesis that's been documented over and over again after Parisa made his initial discovery at Wisconsin. Inhibits atherosclerosis, and I'll comment a bit about that, increases immune system. And a graduate student in animal science has some really nice work in showing how CLA improves the immune system of pigs. And presumably it would do the same to people. Improves feed efficiency in pigs, that's good news. Decreases body fat, that's good news for humans, it's good news for animal scientists. Increases lean, that's good news. Increases bone ash, decreases bone loss, increases trabecular bone formation. So it probably has a role in bone formation. And I won't show any data on that, but Bruce Watkins at Purdue University is studying this whole process of how CLA can improve bone health. And, greater glucose tolerance. So, gosh, so many good things. You see why CLA has become so popular? And I cannot make a list of negatives. But I will bring out a couple in just a moment. Okay, here's some numbers, one experiment I'm gonna show, or two, I'm going to show two sets of experiments for anti-cancer. And so here's an experiment with, I think this was rats or mice, matrix tumor incidents in the mammary gland. And so the mice or rats, I think, they were fed CLA, none up to 0.5% of the diet and the incidence of tumors, 56, decreased down to 36. And the total number of tumors was cut in half. So Clement Ip reported these data. And he's reported many papers showing pretty much the same thing, that CLA decreases the incidence of tumors. Well, that's when you add purified CLA like this to the diet of those experimental animals. Well, what about if you feed a natural food? You know, the whole intent of nutritionists is to teach people to consume food rather than supplements. Okay? So here, anti-cancer effect of CLA in butter. Scientists at Cornell produced butter from some cows that, the butter had 0.8%. 0.8 grams per hundred grams. And that's, that's about 80 times, eight times, eight times what normally is present in butter. And then compared that with some commercial CLA preparations, two companies, Matreya and Nu-Chek, and you see in the control animals, 28 out of 30 incidents of cancer with 92 tumors. The incidence was almost in half when they were fed the butter. And the number of tumors is in half. And this equivalent for the commercial CLA. So here's another study that shows that CLA decreased cancer incidents. And in every study that I've read, you can see a decrease in the incidence of cancer. Well, what about body fat? The best study so far on body fat, showing the greatest effect, are in mice. And this work was recorded down at University of Wisconsin by Park. And he fed CLA to some mice and found major decreases in fat percent in the carcass of these mice. And increase in body protein. And they were trying to figure out why. And one of the observations was that this particular enzyme, which is very important for the oxidation of fatty acids, is increased. And so perhaps these mice were using fatty acids more as a fuel and storing less of it. Also CLA decreased lipoprotein lipase in adiposytes and increased lipolysis. The main point of this is that CLA decreased the mechanisms by which the mice have to store fat. So they had less capability of storing fat and so they didn't get as fat. And so that led scientists at Wisconsin, And in fact, Dr. Atkinson in particular to get, write a proposal to the NIH. And this study has been essentially completed, the first study of determining the CLA effect on human obesity. And so they had obese people participating in the study. And the best I can say is they got mixed results. It wasn't clear-cut as in mice. And every time, that's fairly typical, though. People are very heterogeneous compared to a lot of these inbred mice that you can get for experiments. One thing that was shown is that CLA-fed humans lost the most weight. And so the results were mixed, but yet gave optimism to the researchers. They've rewritten their proposal and got it funded for a followup study and an Iowa state graduate, Leah Whigham, is actually helping in the repeat study to see if in fact CLA can be an anti-obesity food. Wouldn't that be interesting? A fat that decreases body fat. Try that one on. Okay. Well what about heart disease? One of the biggest risk factors in heart disease is blood cholesterol. And so the higher your cholesterol, the greater risk or the lower cholesterol, lesser risk. Well David Kritchevsky is Mr. Cholesterol at the Wistar Institute. And David Kritchevsky fed rabbits CLA for 24 weeks and followed their blood cholesterol concentration. And lo and behold, he found that the control animals had blood cholesterol of this concentration during that growth period. And the, and they were feeding cholesterol along with this. And when they used CLA in these rabbits, they had a decrease in blood cholesterol. Bob Nicolosi at another institution has shown the same kind of data. LDL cholesterol goes down as well. HDL cholesterol stays constant. So everything looks good with rabbits. But are rabbits humans? No. And will humans behave like rabbits? Well, we'll have to wait and see. Nobody has really done a good study yet on CLA feeding, on human blood cholesterol. Well, this is two studies that are pretty challenging. Two very large epidemiological studies. The largest one is number one. And I'm not going to go present all the data, just show you the highlights. Some people in Finland conducted a epidemiological study of people consuming variable amounts of milk. And Finnish people, I guess, at least when this study was done, consume largely whole milk, where in this country we're consuming more and more skim milk. So what the study involved was a, women consuming variable amounts of milk fat. Now, of course, they mix diets throughout Finland. Diet composition varied extensively, but milk consumption was plotted as a function of incidence of breast cancer. And the conclusion was very, very clear that higher intakes of milk and milk fat associated with lower risk of breast cancer. So why was that? Well, nobody knows for sure, but you could say, well, it's the CLA in the milk. And that's what the authors wanted to say, but it's hard to come to definitive conclusions with large studies like this where it's so multifactorial. Some individuals in UCLA did a similar type of study, epidemiological study, and they were looking at coronary heart disease and showed that coronary heart disease decreases with higher intakes of whole milk and CLA. And that's, that is challenging for many of us to think about because normally you're taught to think that higher intakes, higher intakes of saturated fat will raise blood cholesterol. But in this epidemiological study, higher milk intake was associated with lower coronary heart disease. What else varied? As people drank more milk, what did they eat less of? So you have to think that way. By the way, if you want to stop and ask me a question, stop me anytime and ask a question, that's fine. I don't mind. I like discussions. Well, how much CLA should you consume? Well, if you extrapolate from rats, a Clement Ip study on cancer development, you would calculate that you should consume at least one gram and possibly up to three grams per day of CLA. Now I think at the price at North Grand Store, that'd be about $30 worth of CLA pills per month. So about a dollar a day. And it seems like that's what, people who put out supplements, they figure, well, people are willing to spend a dollar a day for better health, for allegedly better health. So eat about three grams a day and how should you get it? Well, you could do it by buying it as pure oil, just like I showed in the bottle. Or we could develop foods that are richer in CLA than they now are. And we could perhaps feed CLA to food animals and produce meat, milk and eggs that's richer in CLA. Or, why don't we genetically modify plants? Make a new GMO for the public to talk about? And this one could contain that enzyme called isomerase that converts linoleic acid to conjugated linoleic acid. All you have to do is move a double bond one position. That seems simple and there's an enzyme and bacteria that can do it. And if you put that bacteria into soybeans, couldn't you make soybean oil have 60% CLA in it, just like this, rather than 60% linoleic like normal? Well, that's a thought. So here is, I went through some calculations to estimate how much CLA that, that we consume per day. Assume 35% of dietary calories are from fat. Assume 50% of daily calories from animals and 50%, total intake is 2000 calories. And that's fairly typical of many of us. Assume these proportions of dietary animal fats. One part beef to one part poultry to one part dairy fat to 4/10 part pork and 1/10 part fish. And if you do that, your intake is about 120 milligrams. When I just said that you need one to three grams, and that's about a 10th of what you might extrapolate from Clement Ip's anti-cancer data. Well, I'm just going to show, this is a fairly complex slide but I want to show you some of the thoughts of why these health benefits seem to be occurring. Scientists are now trying to figure out the mechanism of why CLA has the action that it does and the actions are listed here at the bottom. Carcinogenesis slowed down, atherosclerosis, cachexia, that's appetite, eating. Inflammatory response is decreased, muscle catabolism seemed slower. Obesity is less, and here's some specific enzymes, metabolic processes that seem to be impacted. How does this occur by this magic molecule known as CLA? Well, here's a major mechanism that's being studied by many people. It involves this scheme where CLA has a negative effect on the conversion of linolenic acid to arachidonic acid. This is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that is a precursor for prostaglandins. Maybe you've heard of prostaglandins, or they're called eicosanoids, prostaglandin E-2, F-2 Alpha and so forth. And eicosanoids, then, impact on the influence of TNF-Alpha. And this is a molecule that helps you destroy your tissue. So in muscle wasting and all that, TNF-Alpha is very much involved. TNF-Alpha seems to be involved in all these processes and eicosanoids influence that TNF-Alpha. And so the major effect is that CLA is probably having this impact on macrophages and other immune cells producing TNF-Alpha. Another possibility is that there's a protein called PPAR Gamma or PPAR Alpha. It's a transcription factor, a protein that binds DNA, it controls expression of genes. And CLA is thought to bind to it and influence all these enzymes. And so this is an overall scheme that people are now using to try to understand how CLA has its actions. And nobody really knows for sure, everything is still postulating. Well, what I want to do now is tell you a little bit about some Iowa state studies on CLA. So first I'd like to tell you a bit about the study of feeding pigs CLA. Now, why would you want to feed pigs CLA? Well, one reason would be to get more CLA in the pork so that when people consume pork, then it's more healthful. Well, does it do that? Here's a few numbers. Effect of CLA on body composition of finishing pigs. And so the pigs were fed these different amounts of dietary CLA, 1% of the diet was the maximum. And one thing that was observed, is look what's happened to the thickness of the back fat. Centimeters of back fat over the 10th rib goes from 2.9 to 2.3 and two six. So significant decrease. You see all these have Bs, this has an A, a significant decrease. In every experiment that's been done, CLA decreased the obesity of pigs, and that's good news. And it also increased the size of the loin eye, the pork chop. And it changed belly hardness. And let me show you belly hardness in a different way than numbers. And the belly is what produces that bacon that we all like. And so, here's a belly piece from pigs fed no CLA, and you see how it hangs over a bar. This is a crude measure, but it seems to illustrate the point. And look what happens to the belly from the 0.5% CLA added to the diet. That belly you see is stiffer. Well, it turns out that the composition of this fat is significantly changed so that this is more rigid at the same temperature as this one. So, and this is, this is probably good because one of the challenges of meat packages is being able to slice this well. Real mushy belly doesn't slice well. Another possibility, well, there's pretty good evidence that this is what's happening in that belly to make it harder. There is a gene for a fatty acid desaturase that is expressed to form a messenger RNA. And then that messenger RNA is used to make a protein called Stearoyl-CoA desaturase. And what does that enzyme do? It catalyzes the conversion of stearic acid, which is saturated fatty acid, to oleic acid, which is an unsaturated acid. By the way, this is the acid that's rich in olive oil, hence the name Oleo, or oleic acid. And then that gets incorporated into triglyceride. Well, this fatty acid is a liquid at room temperature, this is a solid at room temperature. So you have more of this in the belly, it's going to be more liquid. Well, it turns out that CLA inhibits this gene being expressed into messenger RNA, that's been documented. So there's less of this enzyme to convert stearic acid to oleic acid. So the belly's got more of this than usual, and so the triglycerides don't melt at room temperature and the belly is stiffer. Now, is that a good thing? Probably not. This is a saturated acid, this is unsaturated. Another trait that Fred Parrish and his graduate students demonstrated was that the color of the meat seemed to be affected a bit by CLA. This is a pork chop from a pig that's fed no CLA and this is one that was fed CLA. Redder, pinker, and this is important for our export market. So there might be some advantage for that, feeding CLA to pigs from that point of view. Well, does it improve the CLA content of what you eat? CLA on the subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle of pigs fed CLA. So here's some of the different forms of CLA, the different isomers. And again milligrams per gram of lipid. So subcutaneous adipose tissue, the dietary CLA is increasing. So you see the amount of CLA increased as well. So substantial amounts of CLA in the adipose tissue. Well, you don't eat much of the adipose tissue. What about the meat? Skeletal muscle, you see up to about seven milligrams per gram and ordinarily it's very, very low in pork. So you can get substantial increases of CLA in pork. Now what about, oh, let's summarize first. So, one thing that occurred in all the pig experiments, average daily gain increase, amount of gain per amount of feed improved, and that's good for efficiency. Decreased back fat thickness, increased loin eye area, increased belly hardness. Those are observations, there are many others, but those that I chose to mention tonight. Want to comment a bit about feeding CLA to ruminants. Cause we've got other challenges now because what happens to CLA as it goes to the rumen, where we had that anaerobic fermentation going on? And so a few of us have been involved with that particular experiment, where we used sheep that were surgically fit so that we could make these measurements. We hypothesized that CLA is extensively biohydrogenated in the rumen, that is, the double bonds or reduced to single bonds. And that when you feed the CLA as a calcium salt it's less extensively biohydrogenated. And so here's the example of CLA as a free acid. Here's CLA as a calcium salt. And so we had a guy in Las Vegas, Nevada prepare this by reacting this with calcium oxide and water. And that makes it, of course, calcium hydroxide, it's a base and reacts with the acid. And you boil off the water and you end up with a powder. And this should be more insoluble going into the rumen. And we've postulated that bacteria would grab onto this less efficiently. By the way, here's my little pig that a CLA, this little pig needs some CLA, see, it's a little bit too fat. So it needed some CLA. Well, what happened to dietary CLA when you feed it to sheep? Okay, here's the CLA, we'll ignore all the other acids. A basal diet, there's 0.29 grams of CLA that gets the into the small intestine and available for absorption every day. The diet of a CLA-fed sheep, we gave it 9.4 grams. So 9.4 grams per day, and look how much ended up leaving the rumen and going into the small intestine, 0.62. So 90 plus percent of that ended up being reduced to probably stearic acid. When you feed it a CLA salt of calcium, you see nine grams put into the diet, and 1.28 grams ended up being available for absorption. So we had a doubling of the amount that goes into the small intestine to be available for absorption. So our hypothesis was supported by two ways. One is extensive degradation and making a calcium salt decreased its degradation. So that's the conclusion that we made from that study. So the problem then in feeding ruminants is, if you feed a hundred grams, do you get 10 grams or less being absorbed? And that's pretty expensive. Well, we decided to do an experiment nevertheless with some dairy cows. And again, we wanted to determine if the calcium salt increased the CLA content of milk to a greater extent than the free assets. So we're very interested in, can you make a very rich CLA milk? Well, what did we observe? We fed dairy cows a basal diet, or fed them soy oil which is rich in linoleic acid or conjugated linoleic acid, or soy plus conjugated linoleic acid as a free acid, or calcium salts, and with soy oil. And let's look at the fat yield. Fat percent in the milk. Ordinary Holstein milk, 3.5%. Feeding soy oil, 2.7. CLA caused the same depression in milk fat percentage. Soy oil plus CLA, a further decrease. Or the calcium salts of CLA, decrease by 1%, further decrease when you mix the two. So fat percent decreased by about 35% or so. So we went from three and a half to two and a half percent fat in milk. What about CLA content? So we know it's fat-depressing. CLA content in the milk. 0.4 is the common figure and that's what we observed in our, the milk from our cows with no added CLA. And we got it up threefold by feeding soy oil, you see, even more than if you feed just CLA. And certainly, soy oil is going to be cheaper than CLA. So that's an interesting point for any kind of commercial adoption of that technology. Soy plus CLA, a 1.3, and calcium salt 0.9 as a salt, or 0.7 as an acid. So you do get a greater increase with the salt, that's for sure. And 1.4, which is about four, three and a half times the basal. So we could make CLA-rich milk, that's to be sure. So the conclusion from that experiment, feeding soy oil is more effective than feeding CLA to increase the CLA content of milk. And feeding CLA as a calcium salt was more effective. And I'd like to tell you a little bit about a chicken-feeding experiment. This is all Iowa State work. So we've got geared up to join the bandwagon, so to speak. Effect of dietary CLA on CLA content of eggs. Jerry Sell is a cooperator in that. So here's what we did. We fed laying hens zero, 1.25, 2.5, and 5% of their diet as CLA. And how did we change CLA content of the eggs? Well, the cis-9, trans-11 went all the way up to 5.3. The trans-10, cis-12 isomer, 3.4, or a total of 8.7 milligrams per gram of fat, or weight percent. So that's fairly substantial amounts of CLA in the eggs. And I can tell you that we took those eggs and boiled, just on a side experiment, boiled the eggs, and then you peel the white off the egg yolk that's solidified. And if you drop it, it'll bounce. So clearly you've changed the composition of that egg yolk. And in fact, you've changed it enough, I think it's become infertile. And why have you changed it? Well, the, I didn't show all the fatty acid composition data but the Delta9 desaturase, an enzyme that converts stearic acid to oleic acid, and we talked about that earlier, that enzyme is in fact inhibited by CLA. So the egg yolk, just like in the bellies of pigs, has more of this and less of this than normal, because this enzyme is inhibited. And we, the graduate student studied this enzyme in the liver of these laying hens. Delta5 desaturase, that makes arachidonic acid, was decreased as well. That's the one that ends up, that's precursor to prostaglandins. And another desaturase was inhibited. So fatty acid desaturase is inhibited, leading to more saturated fat in chicken yolk. Chicken egg yolks. And so, because the egg becomes fertile, I think I've got the solution. CLA is a solution to the crow problems at ISU. And if we could just develop a nice feed with some, rich enough in CLA, I think 1% of the diet for the crows, would make them have trouble having children. And that would be good. In fact, at University of Wisconsin, scientists have that idea patented, so that's nothing new. Except they were talking about treating pigeons and sparrows. Maybe they don't have crow problems in Wisconsin. So the summary is, dietary CLA increased saturated fatty acids, decreased monounsaturated and polyunsaturated eggs in, fatty acids in eggs, increased CLA content markedly, and changed the fatty acid desaturase. Well, we've done the same kind of work with, with beef cattle to show that feeding CLA to beef cattle changes fatty acid composition, and you can get marked increases in CLA content of the fat from beef cattle as well as from the lean. So the conclusion of a nice study that Gassman did was feeding CLA to beef cattle increases CLA content of beef lean and fat. Would you pay more for beef at the store if you knew that it was CLA-enriched? Well, if you ate food from all of these that I, these products that I mentioned, beef cattle, we've raised the, and if it's beef with 5.5% fat, we've increased the CLA content enough that if you ate a daily intake of beef, 112 grams of beef, you'd get 12.5 milligrams, and that's 12.5 milligrams of CLA per gram, or they give you a 76 milligrams of CLA. Pork, Fred Parrish's pigs. 4% fat in those loins has this much CLA per gram of fat, or they'd give you 17. Milk, 3.2% fat and you have this much, that'll give you 316 milligrams CLA. Or two eggs at 87 milligrams per gram of fat, that would give you 750 milligrams. And so you see if you ate two eggs, 700 mils of milk, 62 grams of pork, 112 grams of beef every day, you get 1.159 gram milligrams of CLA. So it seems practical to me that if one gram per day is reasonable, then potentially we could produce animal-derived foods with that amount of CLA so that you can have natural foods rather than taking a supplement. So, it's food for thought. Now, another way, I'm gonna close on this thought. Are we making the foods more healthy when we feed CLA to the livestock and make meat, milk and eggs? Well, one way of making an estimate of that is using what's--","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115275#t=0.0,2814.288"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - AV204755_Conjugated_Linoleic_Acid_b.mp3"]},"duration":755.136,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/115/276/small/lecture.png?1622064322","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/115/276/original/AV204755_Conjugated_Linoleic_Acid_b.mp3?1622064322","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":755.136,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204755_Conjugated_Linoleic_Acid_b.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Atherosclerosis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=5.578,6.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We'll ignore the thrombogenesis index.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=6.94,10.107"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, here's some common fats,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=11.46,13.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just to rank them by the atherogenic index.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=13.34,18.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Coconut oil is a solid at room temperature,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=19.68,24.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and is according to that equation, very atherogenic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=24.21,27.697"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And at the opposite end of the scale, sunflower oil .07.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=27.697,30.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Polyunsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=31.88,35.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And butter and other fats are in between.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=37.34,42.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Typical Eskimo diet .39,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=42.98,46.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"typical Danish diet 1.29 or a British diet .9.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=46.0,49.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I guess the typical American diet","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=50.254,51.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is somewhere around one, I would suspect,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=51.79,54.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe around the British diet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=54.71,57.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, how does, what's the atherogenic index","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=57.37,60.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of all of these fats from CLA-fed animals?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=60.87,64.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay. Beef loin, control animals, it was .82,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=69.94,74.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CLA-fed, it increased a bit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=74.55,76.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we didn't make an improvement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=76.73,78.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=78.82,79.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that atherogenic index though","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=81.43,83.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"does not take into account that CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=83.3,86.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"might be anti-atherogenic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=86.09,88.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was, CLA was not a part of the equation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=90.56,93.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for calculating atherogenic index.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=93.81,95.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But just looking at the fatty acids other than CLA,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=96.38,99.517"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and according to Albrecht and Southgate's equation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=99.517,103.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"beef loin CLA feeding may be a little more atherogenic,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=103.87,108.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it decreased a bit the polyunsaturated acids.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=109.58,113.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Pork loin, you see, when,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=113.17,115.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's what you'd expect when you see that belly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=115.35,117.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You see the bellies were stiffer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=117.26,120.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"More saturated fatty acids.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=120.07,122.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eggs? Look what eggs did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=122.18,124.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I said, you can bounce a boiled yolk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=124.44,127.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's significantly greater atherogenic index.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=128.01,131.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Milk? That changes. Improves the atherogenic index of milk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=132.55,137.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so this is another way of looking at products","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=138.82,143.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"derived from CLA-fed animals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=143.78,146.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay. Now let's look into the future just a bit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=147.41,150.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What should we at Iowa state be working on in the future?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=150.87,154.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What should other people be emphasizing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=154.56,156.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What are they emphasizing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=156.74,158.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, this is a bunch of typos in this first sentence,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=158.71,162.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the first sentence is that the one thing that really","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=162.73,165.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"needs to be done is confirm all of the health benefits","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=165.57,169.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of CLA and well-designed huge studies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=169.15,173.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with humans and animal models.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=173.03,175.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We need more studies with humans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=175.51,177.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially CLA's effect on atherosclerosis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=177.83,181.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the immune function.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=181.55,183.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in fact, on cancer as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=184.47,186.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Number two.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=188.1,189.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Develop procedures to increase the production","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=189.08,191.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of CLA or it's prevalence on the rumen and in tissues.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=191.4,194.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we could take advantage of those bacteria living","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=196.41,198.968"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the rumen that produce CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=198.968,201.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and force them to stop at CLA rather","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=201.94,204.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than reducing CLA all the way to steric acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=204.67,208.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then we could really improve the amount","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=208.0,210.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of CLA that a dairy cow gets in milk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=210.47,213.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without feeding her CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=213.6,215.749"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Just feed her soybean oil","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=215.749,217.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and get even greater conversion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=217.01,219.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of soybean oil to CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=219.41,221.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Develop technology to increase conversion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=221.73,224.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of dietary CLA to animal foods.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=224.25,226.888"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know when you feed CLA or any fat to an animal,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=226.888,230.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they burn some of it to CO2.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=230.09,232.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, if CLA is expensive,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=232.5,234.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we don't want to burn that to CO2.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=234.62,237.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We want it to end up in beef, milk and eggs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=237.29,239.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Number four, confirm effects of dietary CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=241.107,243.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on growth and meat quality traits. Need still more studies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=243.77,247.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on efficiency of growth when animals are fed CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=247.55,252.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, on the composition of humans as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=253.536,257.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is it really anti-obesity in humans?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=257.43,260.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Number five, we need to develop","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=260.39,261.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a more economical source of CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=261.96,264.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's been made by this conliqual company,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=264.39,266.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they've been bought out by BASF,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=266.61,269.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and BASF is claiming that they have a technique","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=269.75,273.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they believe is going to be cost-effective","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=273.95,276.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for farmers to buy CLA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=276.87,279.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then specialty market products from CLA-fed livestock.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=279.64,284.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We'll see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=284.66,285.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And number six, this is one that I think is very","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=287.09,290.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"important is understand the biochemical mechanisms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=290.4,293.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of action of CLA in cells, organs, and whole animals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=293.87,297.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As you have probably summarized, from what I've said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=299.65,303.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it seems that there are so many good aspects of CLA,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=303.92,307.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what's the bad side?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=307.76,308.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, one of the negative sides of feeding CLA to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=308.87,311.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farm animals is it changes the fatty acid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=311.06,313.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"composition a bit to seemingly make them more atherogenic,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=313.26,317.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than if they weren't fed CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=317.67,321.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the only thing that I've ever seen that's sort of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=321.36,323.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"negative related to a CLA feeding.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=323.76,326.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CLA consumption by humans seems to be something","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=326.14,330.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we should be thinking about seriously.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=330.12,332.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Epidemiological data suggest positive effects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=333.06,335.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of CLA and all the model studies seem to show","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=335.82,339.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anti-cancer, anti-atherosclerosis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=339.87,343.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"improve the immune system, strengthened bones,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=343.033,346.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"improved glucose tolerance, it goes on and on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=346.72,349.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's really nifty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=349.26,350.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what a neat molecule.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=350.093,351.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you very much for your time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=351.86,353.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=353.69,356.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Can you take a few questions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=359.854,360.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Sure. Absolutely.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=360.85,362.088"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Any questions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=362.088,363.398"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Uh huh?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=363.398,364.254"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e What's the difference in taste","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=364.254,365.087"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between the beef, milk and eggs?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=365.087,366.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, we've done the taste studies with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=366.54,368.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"beef, every one, pork and nobody's ever been able","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=371.14,374.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to show any change in the taste.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=374.66,376.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So in fact, it seems that there was a study","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=378.09,383.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with beef that it might even decrease the radiation damage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=383.21,387.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When you radiate beef and some foods,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=387.24,389.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you can detect a little bit change because of radiation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=389.84,393.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CLA seems to protect against some of those changes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=393.34,396.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So nobody's ever been able to detect the difference","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=396.87,400.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by a sensory analysis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=400.64,402.835"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e (faintly speaking)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=402.835,405.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=405.29,406.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=409.41,410.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah. Color and texture has changed in eggs, not taste","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=410.243,414.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but texture and that's correct.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=414.86,417.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uh huh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=419.86,421.484"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Don, what isomers have been shown to be anti-obesity?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=421.484,423.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, that's a very good question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=426.7,429.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The specific isomers, some of them are there's enough","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=429.62,434.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of them available to do experiments with small animals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=436.24,439.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so the only definitive answer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=439.93,443.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to your question is that the 10,12 isomer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=443.47,446.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seems to be the anti-obesity isomer in mice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=446.72,451.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that experiment has been done.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=451.37,452.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The specific purified isomers are not available","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=454.18,457.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in large enough amounts to feed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=457.7,459.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a larger animals or to humans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=459.43,462.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the prediction would be it's a 10,12 isomer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=462.28,466.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is anti-obesity, if there is an anti-obesity effect.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=466.49,470.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And see this large human study was conducted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=470.58,473.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a mixture of isomers 10,12 and nine 11.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=473.72,476.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, you know, maybe the 10,12 effect","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=477.64,480.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if it is the same as in humans, as it is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=480.92,483.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in mice is maybe the effect was diluted out by the nine 11,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=483.56,487.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=487.88,489.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the best evidence right now is 10,12 is anti-obesity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=489.09,492.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As far as the cancer effects, that's not been looked at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=492.85,496.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and reported on yet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=496.19,497.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Doug?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=500.29,501.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e You said a few more words about oxidation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=501.123,503.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I always had a feeling that oxidation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=504.78,506.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is very important at all of these acids.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=506.03,508.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e You mean oxidation by burning the CO2 or oxidation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=509.71,514.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"make it free radicals and all that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=514.6,516.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, that's very controversial about CLA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=516.83,521.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You can find about equal number","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=521.28,523.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of papers that say, CLA is pro-oxidant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=523.05,526.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or you can find the same number","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=526.2,527.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of papers that says it's an antioxidant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=527.87,530.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=530.75,532.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's, you know, when pork goes from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=532.92,537.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if pork retains, its nice, pretty red color longer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=538.27,541.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it stopped because of CLA has thought","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=541.83,543.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it's be an antioxidant there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=543.85,546.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what that means is that as pork goes from a pink color","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=546.58,551.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a lighter color, it's a myoglobin converting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=552.21,555.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to met myoglobin because of oxygen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=555.92,559.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the theory is that CLA reacts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=559.02,561.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with that oxygen rather than the oxygen reacting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=561.4,564.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the myoglobin and being an anti-oxidant,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=564.19,567.151"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and allowing color preservation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=567.151,570.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But that's, you know, that's in the print,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=571.94,576.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but then on the other hand,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=576.86,578.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it looks like the double bonds would be oxidized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=581.76,584.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like in linoleic acid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=584.67,586.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through the free radical formation and chain reaction,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=588.31,591.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so to speak.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=591.9,593.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I tend to think that CLA is not an antioxidant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=593.19,598.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because if I opened this, CLA, it's very rancid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=598.48,603.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I keep thinking of, if a material is an anti-oxidant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=604.54,608.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"should it itself go so rancid?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=608.47,610.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know, but this is very rancid and stick it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=610.29,613.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on your fingers and you can smell for a day or so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=613.63,616.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Any other questions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=619.903,620.896"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=620.896,621.801"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e You mentioned with the eggs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=621.801,623.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Uh huh","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=623.81,624.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e (faintly speaking)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=624.643,626.018"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=626.018,626.851"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e (faintly speaking)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=626.851,629.934"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=636.27,637.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=637.6,638.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's evidence in, I think it's Bob or Cook","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=638.57,643.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at Wisconsin did,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=644.46,646.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"see a lot of this work originated out of Wisconsin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=646.11,648.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's for sure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=648.75,650.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cook showed that in chickens.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=650.4,652.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now the question is humans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=652.28,655.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If humans consume one gram,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=657.48,659.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if the human females of reproductive age consume one gram","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=659.95,663.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of CLA per day,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=663.45,665.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think they'd be as fertile","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=665.38,666.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as if they consume the normal amount in food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=666.54,671.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that has to be thought about seriously.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=673.14,675.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I don't know of any experiment done","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=676.78,679.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with any animals other than birds,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=679.38,683.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"chickens right now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=683.94,685.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, there's beef cattle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=686.92,690.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Are they less fertile when you feed them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=690.81,692.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"high amounts of CLA?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=692.44,693.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I frankly think the effect would be greater","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=695.64,697.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in pigs because so much of the CLA you feed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=697.86,701.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"beef cattle gets converted to something else in the rumen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=701.25,704.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, the pigs I think would have a greater effect.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=704.287,708.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so I think you could easily test that in pigs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=708.41,712.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it hasn't been done yet,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=712.05,713.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to see if you can change fertility in pigs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=713.75,715.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Go from 10 pigs per litter to six pigs per litter,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=717.17,720.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, that's not good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=720.83,722.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Before we break, call your attention","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=728.839,730.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a six side lecture in February,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=730.493,733.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I believe it is Dr. Jones","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=734.484,737.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the MD Anderson clinic in Houston.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=737.4,740.319"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We'll be talking about breast cancer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=740.319,742.618"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, keep that in mind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=742.618,744.706"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There'll be announcements coming up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=744.706,747.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Let's thank Don one more time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=747.17,749.947"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26788/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/026/788/original/AV204755_Conjugated_Linoleic_Acid_b.vtt?1622064325","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/026/788/original/AV204755_Conjugated_Linoleic_Acid_b.vtt?1622064325"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26789","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204755_Conjugated_Linoleic_Acid_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276/transcript/26789/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Atherosclerosis. We'll ignore the thrombogenesis index. Well, here's some common fats, just to rank them by the atherogenic index. Coconut oil is a solid at room temperature, and is according to that equation, very atherogenic. And at the opposite end of the scale, sunflower oil .07. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, saturated fatty acids. And butter and other fats are in between. Typical Eskimo diet .39, typical Danish diet 1.29 or a British diet .9. And I guess the typical American diet is somewhere around one, I would suspect, maybe around the British diet. Well, how does, what's the atherogenic index of all of these fats from CLA-fed animals? Okay. Beef loin, control animals, it was .82, CLA-fed, it increased a bit. So we didn't make an improvement. Now, that atherogenic index though does not take into account that CLA might be anti-atherogenic. That was, CLA was not a part of the equation for calculating atherogenic index. But just looking at the fatty acids other than CLA, and according to Albrecht and Southgate's equation, beef loin CLA feeding may be a little more atherogenic, because it decreased a bit the polyunsaturated acids. Pork loin, you see, when, and that's what you'd expect when you see that belly. You see the bellies were stiffer? More saturated fatty acids. Eggs? Look what eggs did. As I said, you can bounce a boiled yolk. It's significantly greater atherogenic index. Milk? That changes. Improves the atherogenic index of milk. And so this is another way of looking at products derived from CLA-fed animals. Okay. Now let's look into the future just a bit. What should we at Iowa state be working on in the future? What should other people be emphasizing? What are they emphasizing? Well, this is a bunch of typos in this first sentence, but the first sentence is that the one thing that really needs to be done is confirm all of the health benefits of CLA and well-designed huge studies with humans and animal models. We need more studies with humans especially CLA's effect on atherosclerosis, on the immune function. And in fact, on cancer as well. Number two. Develop procedures to increase the production of CLA or it's prevalence on the rumen and in tissues. If we could take advantage of those bacteria living in the rumen that produce CLA and force them to stop at CLA rather than reducing CLA all the way to steric acid, then we could really improve the amount of CLA that a dairy cow gets in milk without feeding her CLA. Just feed her soybean oil and get even greater conversion of soybean oil to CLA. Develop technology to increase conversion of dietary CLA to animal foods. You know when you feed CLA or any fat to an animal, they burn some of it to CO2. Well, if CLA is expensive, we don't want to burn that to CO2. We want it to end up in beef, milk and eggs. Number four, confirm effects of dietary CLA on growth and meat quality traits. Need still more studies on efficiency of growth when animals are fed CLA. And of course, on the composition of humans as well. Is it really anti-obesity in humans? Number five, we need to develop a more economical source of CLA. It's been made by this conliqual company, but they've been bought out by BASF, and BASF is claiming that they have a technique that they believe is going to be cost-effective for farmers to buy CLA and then specialty market products from CLA-fed livestock. We'll see. And number six, this is one that I think is very important is understand the biochemical mechanisms of action of CLA in cells, organs, and whole animals. As you have probably summarized, from what I've said, it seems that there are so many good aspects of CLA, what's the bad side? Well, one of the negative sides of feeding CLA to farm animals is it changes the fatty acid composition a bit to seemingly make them more atherogenic, than if they weren't fed CLA. That's the only thing that I've ever seen that's sort of negative related to a CLA feeding. CLA consumption by humans seems to be something we should be thinking about seriously. Epidemiological data suggest positive effects of CLA and all the model studies seem to show anti-cancer, anti-atherosclerosis, improve the immune system, strengthened bones, improved glucose tolerance, it goes on and on. That's really nifty. So what a neat molecule. Thank you very much for your time.\r\n\r\n- Can you take a few questions?\r\n\r\n- Sure. Absolutely.\r\n\r\n- Any questions?\r\n\r\n- Uh huh?\r\n\r\n- What's the difference in taste between the beef, milk and eggs?\r\n\r\n- Oh, we've done the taste studies with beef, every one, pork and nobody's ever been able to show any change in the taste. So in fact, it seems that there was a study with beef that it might even decrease the radiation damage. When you radiate beef and some foods, you can detect a little bit change because of radiation, CLA seems to protect against some of those changes. So nobody's ever been able to detect the difference by a sensory analysis.\r\n\r\n- Well, That's it. Yeah. Color and texture has changed in eggs, not taste but texture and that's correct. Uh huh.\r\n\r\n- Don, what isomers have been shown to be anti-obesity?\r\n\r\n- Well, that's a very good question. The specific isomers, some of them are there's enough of them available to do experiments with small animals. And so the only definitive answer to your question is that the 10,12 isomer seems to be the anti-obesity isomer in mice that experiment has been done. The specific purified isomers are not available in large enough amounts to feed to a larger animals or to humans. So the prediction would be it's a 10,12 isomer is anti-obesity, if there is an anti-obesity effect. And see this large human study was conducted with a mixture of isomers 10,12 and nine 11. And, you know, maybe the 10,12 effect if it is the same as in humans, as it is in mice is maybe the effect was diluted out by the nine 11, I don't know. But the best evidence right now is 10,12 is anti-obesity. As far as the cancer effects, that's not been looked at and reported on yet. Doug?\r\n\r\n- You said a few more words about oxidation, I always had a feeling that oxidation is very important at all of these acids.\r\n\r\n- You mean oxidation by burning the CO2 or oxidation make it free radicals and all that? Well, that's very controversial about CLA. You can find about equal number of papers that say, CLA is pro-oxidant or you can find the same number of papers that says it's an antioxidant. So I don't know. There's, you know, when pork goes from if pork retains, its nice, pretty red color longer, it stopped because of CLA has thought that it's be an antioxidant there. And what that means is that as pork goes from a pink color to a lighter color, it's a myoglobin converting to met myoglobin because of oxygen. And the theory is that CLA reacts with that oxygen rather than the oxygen reacting to the myoglobin and being an anti-oxidant, and allowing color preservation. But that's, you know, that's in the print, but then on the other hand, it looks like the double bonds would be oxidized like in linoleic acid, through the free radical formation and chain reaction, so to speak. So I tend to think that CLA is not an antioxidant because if I opened this, CLA, it's very rancid. And I keep thinking of, if a material is an anti-oxidant should it itself go so rancid? I don't know, but this is very rancid and stick it on your fingers and you can smell for a day or so. Any other questions? Yes.\r\n\r\n- You mentioned with the eggs\r\n\r\n- Uh huh\r\n\r\n- Yeah.\r\n\r\n- Yeah. Let's see. There's evidence in, I think it's Bob or Cook at Wisconsin did, see a lot of this work originated out of Wisconsin. That's for sure. Cook showed that in chickens. Now the question is humans. If humans consume one gram, if the human females of reproductive age consume one gram of CLA per day, I think they'd be as fertile as if they consume the normal amount in food. I think that has to be thought about seriously. And I don't know of any experiment done with any animals other than birds, chickens right now. So, there's beef cattle. Are they less fertile when you feed them high amounts of CLA? I frankly think the effect would be greater in pigs because so much of the CLA you feed beef cattle gets converted to something else in the rumen. And so, the pigs I think would have a greater effect. And so I think you could easily test that in pigs but it hasn't been done yet, to see if you can change fertility in pigs. Go from 10 pigs per litter to six pigs per litter, well, that's not good.\r\n\r\n- Before we break, call your attention to a six side lecture in February, I believe it is Dr. Jones at the MD Anderson clinic in Houston. We'll be talking about breast cancer. So, keep that in mind. There'll be announcements coming up.\r\n\r\n- Let's thank Don one more time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42756/file/115276#t=0.0,755.136"}]}]}]}