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us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=23.07,26.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She is going to speak on how U.S. should invest in Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=26.06,29.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She is a public affairs 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African","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=36.34,38.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and world fairs and various work experiences.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=38.55,41.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Please give a warm welcome to Hilda 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program,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=80.08,83.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"although I'll be making references to my agency UNDP.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=83.1,87.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I will also like to say that my references to 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Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=94.45,97.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are quite unique from the rest of Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=97.28,99.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is North Africa and South 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seized,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=400.72,402.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the opportunity created by the positive changes in Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=402.49,406.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Moreover, the continent's geostrategic importance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=406.64,410.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in world politics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=410.69,412.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has diminished with the end of the Cold War.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=412.91,416.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As a result, Africa is increasingly marginalized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=417.35,421.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the world stage of trade, development assistance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=421.57,426.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the capital transfers and its wars are forgotten.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=426.45,430.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So why should America care about Africa?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=433.89,436.837"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is a question we are going to try and answer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=437.931,440.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this session.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=440.69,441.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'm going to offer you four reasons","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=442.7,446.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why America should care about Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=446.49,449.977"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The first one is the moral and ethical imperatives.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=452.3,456.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The main reason why America should invest in Africa's future","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=458.52,462.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in my view, is the historical link between Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=462.03,466.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this country rooted in the slave trade.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=466.117,469.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"With a population","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=470.7,471.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of over 30 million African American citizens,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=471.62,476.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the U.S. has the third largest concentration","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=477.01,481.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of black population in the world after Nigeria and Brazil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=481.1,485.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is according to Henry F. Jackson","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=487.5,489.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in his book entitled","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=489.85,491.667"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"From the Congo to Soweto\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=491.667,493.527"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"African slaves helped create wealth for this country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=495.481,499.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was confirmed by a man of the people, the recipient","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=500.64,505.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this years Nobel Memorial prize in economic science,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=505.31,509.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the controversial Robert W. Fogel","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=509.78,513.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the University of Chicago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=513.7,515.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I quote \"The typical slave field hand was not lazy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=515.87,520.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"inept and unproductive \"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=521.2,523.317"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He writes in his book \"Time on the Cross\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=524.57,529.096"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On average and I quote again,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=529.096,530.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"On average he was harder working,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=532.398,535.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and more defficient than his white counterpart\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=535.02,537.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now that it is African's time to build and rebuild,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=540.87,545.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I believe that it is only fair","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=545.97,548.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that America should be giving a helping hand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=548.17,550.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Africans are not asking for charity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=551.833,553.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they know better than that, the only way to connect","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=554.95,558.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the centuries old debts owed to them by this country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=558.97,562.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"America could repay this debts in part by increasing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=566.41,569.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the overseas development assistance to Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=569.88,573.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Today, Sub-Saharan Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=573.53,577.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the world's poorest region,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=577.02,580.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"receives about 8% of the annual $13 billion American ODA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=580.05,585.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"compared with three quarters for Asia, Near East","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=587.191,590.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Europe and 15% for Latin American, the Caribbean,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=590.26,594.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this is according to Washington base","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=596.68,598.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"trying the overseas development council.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=598.63,600.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The bulk of this aid to Africa moreover,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=602.38,605.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"goes to a few favored countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=605.54,608.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By comparison my organization UNDP","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=611.07,614.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"devotes about 50% of its program resources to Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=616.59,621.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of the special needs of the continent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=621.29,623.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But at range, the present trade in U.S. foreign aid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=627.058,630.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"does not give much cause for optimism for Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=630.73,635.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"despite African American 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hard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=644.03,647.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to try and influence U.S. policy towards Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=647.3,650.443"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Competing demands for aid funds","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=651.739,654.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from Eastern Europe that's former Soviet union,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=654.16,658.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and most recently the Middle East seems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=658.41,661.155"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to take precedence over Africa's needs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=661.155,666.155"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, the Washington post reported on 29 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Egypt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=678.15,681.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Russia got the lion's share of American ODA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=681.66,685.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"While the $800 million development fund for Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=687.895,692.247"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the primary direct funding source","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=693.67,696.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for more than 30 Sub-Saharan African 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cuts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=703.79,707.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in aid to Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=707.86,709.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"America could also repay its debt to Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=712.67,716.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by forgiving the monetary debt owed by Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=716.17,719.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and help save the continent from the brink of collapse.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=719.4,723.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sub-Saharan Africa's debt more than double","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=724.82,727.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between 1982 and 1990.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=727.52,730.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When it reads $164 billion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=730.43,733.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"says Susan George in an 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(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=1522.322,1527.322"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well it's very easy for me because Uganda is my country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=1536.46,1539.407"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and It's a country which underwent 10 years of civil 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school,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=1574.739,1577.089"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the price of coffee damages and that's our main export crop.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=1578.1,1583.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So while there might be 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pittance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=1606.47,1610.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a settlement when they returned to the villages.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=1610.04,1613.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you'll have problems back in the 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nothing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=1677.32,1679.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You see these kids on the streets,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=1680.44,1682.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"no education and you wonder where the 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Uganda.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=1717.96,1718.916"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=1718.916,1719.749"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e What would UNDP 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equitable,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2094.457,2098.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we won't have to put out so much money","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2098.22,2100.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in foreign assistance in the first 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markets","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2105.12,2107.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but there's protectionism at the global level.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2107.47,2110.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's things that are not working as well as they should.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2110.38,2113.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course we did that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2113.35,2114.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The main message of the human development report","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2114.9,2117.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to call attention to the human beings,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2117.21,2120.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know that (indistinct) not waste money","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2120.9,2123.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on prestigious buildings and public works and all that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2123.5,2126.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but really to invest in people's education","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2126.56,2129.107"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and people's health and people's wellbeing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2129.107,2131.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this year, the main theme was participation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2131.693,2136.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People's participation in markets","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2136.28,2139.897"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and civil society at different levels.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2139.897,2143.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this is the human development report","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2143.21,2144.969"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'm glad you gave me the opportunity to talk about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2144.969,2147.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a report that is being used","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2147.92,2150.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in many university campuses in this country and Europe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2150.63,2154.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You don't have it that broad flyers about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2155.921,2158.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd be glad to donate the set to the right department.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2158.13,2162.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Otherwise it's a sales item.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2162.35,2164.495"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thanks for giving me the chance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2164.495,2166.095"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm glad you've mentioned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2168.763,2170.329"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the structural adjustment program.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2170.329,2173.267"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I believe very seriously that (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2174.36,2178.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that program is based on Lawrence Thomas who (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2179.991,2184.761"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from America and the African leaders came together","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2184.761,2188.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and presented a different program (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2188.55,2193.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but that was turned down I'd get a view to that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2195.196,2199.196"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do you think there is a very serious move","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2200.545,2203.962"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the part of the U.S. to really develop capital?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2206.723,2210.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the question","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2212.267,2213.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I know that the average Ghanaian","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2213.72,2217.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"does not understand GNP and doesn't care at all,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2217.483,2220.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what he worries about is food on the table.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2220.17,2223.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He still makes his cocoa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2223.3,2225.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he produces cocoa but he's getting less.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2225.05,2227.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His producing more and getting less.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2227.67,2230.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So because of favorable foreign exchange conversions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2231.51,2235.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the problem really as a result of African development","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2239.318,2243.921"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that program.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2243.921,2245.438"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ghana is counted as a success of this program","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2245.438,2247.688"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I don't agree with them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2249.408,2254.122"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because livelihood have not been improved","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2254.122,2257.031"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on average aluminum I'm not talking about the copper 5%","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2257.031,2260.929"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nigeria the same thing (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2260.929,2265.929"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that structural adjustment program that the U.S.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2268.633,2271.869"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is relatively irrational in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2271.869,2273.947"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is at the heart of Africa's under development.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2273.947,2276.799"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do you say?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2276.799,2278.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e No, I agree with you absolutely","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2278.37,2280.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because as the keynote speaker mentioned last night,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2280.26,2284.307"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this country is promoting a bitter medicine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2284.307,2288.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is not prepared to take itself","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2288.63,2291.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"'cause as he pointed out this was Rhonda Robinson","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2291.8,2295.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"last night, he said any president","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2295.27,2297.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who says he's going to raise taxes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2297.6,2299.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this country, or any person running","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2299.2,2302.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as governor or any public office","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2302.52,2304.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will most likely lose the elections","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2304.6,2307.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"yet developing countries have been told","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2307.27,2309.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"raise the taxes, divided the currency,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2309.75,2312.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grow cash crops so that you got build your debt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2313.63,2317.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that kind of thing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2317.18,2318.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there are no safety nets put in place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2318.9,2322.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to hold the vulnerable groups.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2322.58,2326.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In Ghana, it started off as a success","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2326.45,2328.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they did negotiate as part of the deal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2328.82,2332.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a program called PAMS scan","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2332.863,2335.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was a program to mitigate the social consequences","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2335.3,2338.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or structural adjustment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2338.6,2340.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they had public money for public works programs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2340.3,2343.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they had money for school programs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2343.64,2345.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or water and sanitation and that kind of thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2345.35,2348.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know what went wrong","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2348.26,2349.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but at least things have worked on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2349.82,2352.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but that was part of the deal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2352.21,2354.147"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what happens is when this thing is done in a vacuum,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2354.147,2358.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"countries first of all the commodities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2359.92,2362.715"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"'cause most African countries depend","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2362.715,2366.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on agriculture commodities for export.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2366.12,2369.265"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's just one single commodity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2369.265,2371.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And once the price was down,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2371.55,2373.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know, it seems these countries are working hard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2373.21,2376.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're running harder to stay in place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2376.07,2379.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it is a big problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2379.21,2381.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But going back to whether America means to develop Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2381.51,2386.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or works to develop Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2387.156,2389.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think so yes but what kind of development,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2389.26,2391.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and which African countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2391.96,2393.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have to rethink the whole development corporation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2393.64,2397.407"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and not look at it as charity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2397.407,2398.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not to look at it as looking after our own interests","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2398.94,2401.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the cold war is over","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2401.4,2403.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so these rivalries are over, but at the same time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2403.74,2406.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we shouldn't turn up and say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2406.06,2407.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"oh then there's no more threat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2407.02,2408.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because as I mentioned there're other threats","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2408.75,2411.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we have to come up with a new rationale for development,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2411.01,2415.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have to come up with new ways of allocating","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2415.053,2418.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that same development","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2418.19,2419.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"'cause you've heard that American aid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2419.47,2422.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"goes to military spenders, high military spenders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2422.27,2426.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And less hope to the poorest countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2426.25,2428.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which need it to alleviate property","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2428.38,2431.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we have favor of cold war or the arms race","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2431.43,2435.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to favor the arms race in developing countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2438.867,2441.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"'cause it's still there while we're facing out the basis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2441.89,2446.595"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and retrenching the meter that kind of thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2446.595,2450.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The merchants are still have a big market out there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2450.92,2454.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we've have to phase out other means","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2454.39,2457.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and rethink the whole development change","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2458.615,2460.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but maybe our friend","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2460.93,2463.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the Stanley foundation could supplement my remarks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2463.35,2466.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I'd say that we've been here all along","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2467.86,2469.546"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pretending to face our arms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2469.546,2471.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I absolutely agree with you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2471.61,2472.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the priority is property","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2472.64,2474.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's what we might need as all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2475.93,2477.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2477.46,2478.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, the lady, then you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2479.77,2482.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Is UNDP promoting any programs that will help (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2483.275,2487.367"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"African countries come together","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2487.367,2489.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to look at their problems as a union","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2491.924,2494.924"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so the situations will be dealt within the continent","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2496.101,2500.434"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than looking outside for 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unity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2515.17,2518.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as Africa is looking to have economic integration","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2518.25,2522.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"again, we have programs starting with the capacity 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Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2539.78,2543.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because a lot of it has happened in Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2543.64,2546.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they're increasingly in fact where my 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outside","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2556.9,2560.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because development aid assistance runs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2560.34,2562.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at about $52 billion worldwide","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2562.94,2566.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for all regions of the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2566.96,2569.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"$12 billion of that goes to foreign experts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2569.053,2572.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what really as in they are not necessarily, you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2572.96,2575.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the best experts you have so part of this capacity building","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2575.09,2580.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to enable the people in the continent","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2580.76,2583.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to really manage their own affairs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2583.97,2586.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I promised you I'll be next.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2588.99,2590.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah I wanted to in conclusion or more or less what she","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2590.53,2595.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2596.62,2597.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e on types of regional integration because I always believe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2597.453,2601.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the U.S. is not a santa clause.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2601.37,2605.137"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hence this could have shown that the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2605.137,2607.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will never be a santa clause for Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2607.363,2609.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and its high time we currently move on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2610.811,2613.548"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and expect our own development.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2613.548,2616.131"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I guess my question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2618.468,2620.524"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if I could rephrase my question again to you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2620.524,2623.387"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is Africa with all the social inheritance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2623.387,2626.804"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you've mentioned with respect to a number of mortality,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2628.477,2633.225"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"disease etcetera and also you mentioned about the resources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2633.225,2638.225"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the natural mineral resources.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2640.226,2642.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can we say that Africa is poor because Africa is rich.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2642.74,2646.657"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is there any correlation between Africa's richness","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2650.621,2654.788"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and its poverty?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2655.994,2657.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, for one thing Africa's is riches","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2657.57,2659.876"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are largely still untapped","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2659.876,2661.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, Including its greatest natural resources","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2663.125,2666.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are it's people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2666.22,2668.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because in many countries, for every child","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2668.41,2670.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which goes in school and another one doesn't go in school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2670.21,2673.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You have some countries with eight soldiers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2673.46,2675.677"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and one school teacher,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2675.677,2677.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know those imbalances will have to be squared out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2677.71,2682.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Africa has to rethink it's all development priorities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2682.5,2686.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but we need help, We need outside help.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2687.21,2690.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We need aluminum, appropriate technologies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2690.07,2693.127"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we need expertise.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2693.127,2694.905"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think we have to really also start dictating the terms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2694.905,2699.905"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on which we want these things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2700.3,2702.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and not just get whatever people want through us, you know","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2702.15,2704.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"obsolete arms and also we take note and that kind of thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2704.98,2709.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But above all, we have to create a climate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2709.4,2712.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where we can attract outside investment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2713.5,2716.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including private investment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2716.26,2718.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where we can attract the trust,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2718.55,2722.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have Tufts stability in the country, on the continent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2722.08,2726.595"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we have this a big agenda for both Africans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2726.595,2730.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as well as outsiders who are going to have to help Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2730.603,2734.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we can't do it alone","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2734.44,2736.439"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but we have set our own house in order","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2736.439,2738.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I mean like in a situation like Somalia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=2738.81,2741.21"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27413/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/413/original/AV204166_Why_the_US_should_Invest_in_Africa_a.vtt?1622148429","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/413/original/AV204166_Why_the_US_should_Invest_in_Africa_a.vtt?1622148429"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27414","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204166_Why_the_US_should_Invest_in_Africa_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647/transcript/27414/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- And I would like to remind you before we start, that we'll also have another lecture this evening with a Karina Walter who will be speaking at 8PM in the sunroom. Today we are having Hilda Pakhi speak for us. She is going to speak on how U.S. should invest in Africa. She is a public affairs officer at the UN development program and was born in Uganda. She also has a rich background in African and world fairs and various work experiences. Please give a warm welcome to Hilda Pakhi\r\n\r\n- Good afternoon and thank you, Jennifer. I would like preface my remarks this afternoon by saying that I'm going to address you more as an Africa professional, rather than a representative of the United Nations development program, although I'll be making references to my agency UNDP. I will also like to say that my references to Africa will be mostly Sub-Saharan Africa, where the problems of Sub-Saharan Africa are quite unique from the rest of Africa, that is North Africa and South Africa. First, I should like to thank the organizers of this conference for extending an invitation to me, share with you my thoughts of why America should invest in Africa's future. I would also like to pay very special tribute to the Institute of World Affairs of the Iowa State University, for untiring efforts in promoting, understanding, global understanding and solidarity through conferences such as this one. This conference is taking place at a particular crucial time for Africa. The continent is undergoing fundamental political, social and economic changes. It is also facing very serious challenges. The theme of the conference \"Africa Old Meets New Realities\" is a special relevant during this period of transition. After two decades of armed conflict fueled by cold war rivalries, peace has come to Ethiopia, Eritrea and Mozambique, making reconstruction possible and bringing hope to millions of Africa's vulnerable people. All across the continent, governments are recognizing the mistakes of the past, and are implementing economic reform to promote growth. Popular demands for greater participation in civil society, have generated the impetus towards democracy, greater accountability and ultimately stability. Despite this positive development, however, Africa is a continent in crisis. According to the Human Development Report, an annual study put out by my organization every year, that is the United Nations Development Program. Under five mortality rates for Africa stands at 178 deaths for every 1000 births compared to 57 for Southeast Asia and 72 for Latin America and the Caribbean. More than 300 million people, or one half of Africa's population, have no access to public health services. About two thirds lack safe drinking water. 200 million people or one third of the population of Africa is either unemployed or underemployed. At the same time, Africa is home to a dozen ongoing-out conflicts, six million refugees and 12 million displaced persons and refuging AID's epidemic. A crushing debt burden drains the content of over $10 billion annually, diverting resources desperately needed for investment and poverty alleviation. A hostile trade environment cost Sub- Saharan Africa $50 billion because of a sharp drop in commodity prices, during the second half of the 1980s. This is more than double the amount that Africa receives in oversees development assistance of ODA. The World Bank and IMF Structural Adjustment Programs, have failed to create a framework for sustained economic recovery or for enabling the poor to benefit from market reforms. Consulted national and international support is needed for the efforts that African people are making, otherwise the continent is bound to decline further. Africa can't go it alone. Its resources are too limited, it's poverty too progressive and its problems too intractable. Unfortunately many Northern governments, including that of the United States have not adequately seized, the opportunity created by the positive changes in Africa. Moreover, the continent's geostrategic importance in world politics has diminished with the end of the Cold War. As a result, Africa is increasingly marginalized on the world stage of trade, development assistance and the capital transfers and its wars are forgotten. So why should America care about Africa? Is a question we are going to try and answer in this session. And I'm going to offer you four reasons why America should care about Africa. The first one is the moral and ethical imperatives. The main reason why America should invest in Africa's future in my view, is the historical link between Africa and this country rooted in the slave trade. With a population of over 30 million African American citizens, the U.S. has the third largest concentration of black population in the world after Nigeria and Brazil. And this is according to Henry F. Jackson in his book entitled \"From the Congo to Soweto\". African slaves helped create wealth for this country. This was confirmed by a man of the people, the recipient of this years Nobel Memorial prize in economic science, the controversial Robert W. Fogel of the University of Chicago. And I quote \"The typical slave field hand was not lazy, inept and unproductive \" He writes in his book \"Time on the Cross\" On average and I quote again, \"On average he was harder working, and more defficient than his white counterpart\". Now that it is African's time to build and rebuild, I believe that it is only fair that America should be giving a helping hand. Africans are not asking for charity they know better than that, the only way to connect the centuries old debts owed to them by this country. America could repay this debts in part by increasing the overseas development assistance to Africa. Today, Sub-Saharan Africa, the world's poorest region, receives about 8% of the annual $13 billion American ODA compared with three quarters for Asia, Near East and Europe and 15% for Latin American, the Caribbean, and this is according to Washington base trying the overseas development council. The bulk of this aid to Africa moreover, goes to a few favored countries. By comparison my organization UNDP devotes about 50% of its program resources to Africa because of the special needs of the continent. But at range, the present trade in U.S. foreign aid does not give much cause for optimism for Africa, despite African American lobby to influence U.S. policy towards Africa and other treaties I must say have been working hard to try and influence U.S. policy towards Africa. Competing demands for aid funds from Eastern Europe that's former Soviet union, and most recently the Middle East seems to take precedence over Africa's needs. For example, the Washington post reported on 29 October that according to this yarn for foreign aid bill, popular recipients countries such as Israel, Egypt and Russia got the lion's share of American ODA. While the $800 million development fund for Africa, the primary direct funding source for more than 30 Sub-Saharan African countries took the $16 million cut. Some private agents has predict further cuts in aid to Africa. America could also repay its debt to Africa by forgiving the monetary debt owed by Africa and help save the continent from the brink of collapse. Sub-Saharan Africa's debt more than double between 1982 and 1990. When it reads $164 billion, says Susan George in an introduction to \"Short Chain Africa at World Trade.\" Today, Africa's debt stand at $175 billion. Debt servicing a loan on the interest payments of the loan alone, average about $1 billion a year, at the expense of investments in basic education, primary healthcare, family planning and better nutrition. In a world where five times that sum can be easily lost in wall street in an afternoon without undue stress, it seems sadistic to me, to have maintained such a burden, whose repayment the creditors could easily do without. The second reason I would like to give for why America should invest in Africa's future is trade. Africa, a region endowed with vast natural wealth, much of it still untouched, has matched over to America by way trade possibilities. Southern Africa characterized by some as the Persian gulf for minerals, contains 86% of the world's reserves of platinum group metals, 53% of cobalt, 64% of Anetium and 95% of the world reserves of chromium. This minerals are indispensable to America's productivity. For example, American domestic deposits of platinum group metals used as catalyst in automobile exhaust compactors, are poorly defined and under developed Mining is unavailable in domestic reserves essential to steel production. cobalt also unavailable in domestic reserves, is an unsubstitutable ingredient of cutting tools and high temperature parts of jet engines and turbines. Chromium also unavailable domestically is vital to American industry making valuable commodities including automobiles, computer components, heat resistant alloys, stainless steel and hospital equipment. Africa also has sizeable deposits of brookside, diamonds, Copper, petroleum and natural gas. Above all, Africa has a large pool of labor. Unfortunately largely uneducated and untrained. But Africa remains and untapped source of goods and services with a population of close to 600 million people. The continent would provide substantial market possibilities for American goods and services. Yet Africa's share in global trade markets declined from 3.8% in 1917 to 1% in 1989 because of trade restrictions, immigration controls and uneven capital flows. As stated earlier, the sharp drop in primary commodity prices minus oil, costs Sub-Saharan Africa $50 billion in export earnings between 1986 and 1990. This decline in export earnings has led to a serious decline in investment, employment, income and demand for imported goods and services including those from the United States. The third reason is the matter of our common destiny. The earth summit held in Rio Brazil June last year, brought up a few truths. Environmental degradation knows no national boundaries and the fight to serve the earth is one in which we must all reach up to our participant. Africa, a versant diverse continent of 50th street countries stretching from the shores of the Mediterranean to the Cape of Good Hope and they cover seeing the world's largest desert and one of its most extensive rain forests is the adventurous last frontier and the tourist paradise. I wonder if any of you watch the one week series on Africa on NBC's today show exactly one year ago. It suddenly was the most refreshing change to see Bryant Gumbel bring to our living rooms, Not the old to familiar pictures of warring and starving Africans but the positive images of the splendor of Zimbabwe's Victoria falls cascading to the Indian ocean. Uganda's snow-capped mountains of the moon rising shear from the East African plateau. The lush mist covered volcanoes and mix of Kenya's rift valley colorful tribal peoples, the hustle and bustle of Africa's mordern cities the lazy crocodiles basking in the sun, impalas rocking freely, the gracious giraffes, the roaring lions and the stomping elephants all which grids the largest game reserves in the world. He got the price for his effort. Bryant Gumbel got a price for his effort and the program was in the making for six years but we thought this was really great that he was able to do it. Africa enjoys some of the richest flora in the world. Many with medicinal properties. For example, Madagascar a small Island State of the coast of East Africa, home of some of the world's most important biological diversity habitats. Its said to contain the periwinkle which makes possible the development of an effective anti leukemia drug. The diversity of species is necessary for the normal functioning of ecosystems and biosphere as a whole. The genetic material in world species contributes millions of dollars to the world economy in the form of improved crop species, new drugs and medicines, and raw materials for industry. World beings so animals are also valuable for moral, ethical, cultural, esthetic and scientific reasons and they must be conserved. But Africa's irreplaceable natural heritage is being destroyed at an unprecedented rate. Poverty and hunger have been identified as the main causes side effects of environmental degradation. The U.S. could be the forefront of providing Africa resources to back the causes of as well as reverse environmental degradation. The fourth and last reason I'd like to offer of why America should invest in Africa's future is fear. 'cause fear can be a strong motivation. I'm sure many of you are aware of the high degree of aid fatigue prevailing in reach nations including this one. The legitimacy of spending abroad at the time of domestic retrenchment is increasingly being questioned further more like what? \"With a disappearance of communism in a Soviet union and the Eastern Europe. The background support for foreign assistance has eroded seriously.\" said the administrator of USAID the official development aid agency of this country, J.Brian Atwood as cited in an article carried by the Washington post on 19 September this year. We need to work together to build new constituencies of change, to convince Americans that while they're security may no longer be threatened by the prospect of nuclear Holocaust, it suddenly is threatened by the travel of global poverty across international frontiers in the form of drugs, AIDs, pollution, illegal migration and terrorism. While the chances of global nuclear suicide were always very small, the chances of every family in the world being affected by these new threats is very great. Unless it's prosperous for everybody it can be prosperous for none is the message we have to take from here. In conclusion, I would act like appeal to this country not write Africa off as a basket case. I base my conviction that there are no basket cases on the lessons learned from Europe and Asia. Less than 40 years ago, Taiwan and South Korea were viewed as hopeless cases. Today, they rank as the tigers of Asia or Asian tigers. In Africa as in other parts of the world, peace, stability and democracy do not come cheap. However, failure to act now will carry a much higher price later on. The international community is already paying high price in dealing with a 34 ongoing conflicts throughout the world. The estimated cost of UN peacekeeping activities, runs about $3.6 billion for 1993. The bill for humanitarian aid, has already reached $2.6 billion. According to the United Nations department of humanitarian affairs. The cost of UN refugee operations will shoot where above 2 billion by the end of the year to be the dollars by the end of the year. in 1947 General George Marshall, secretary of state, proposed the European recovery plan which came to play a fundamental role in the rejuvenation and reconstruction over Europe devastated by the Second World War. This country spent nearly $20 billion as part of the European reconstruction. Africa in the 1990s needs a rescue operation at least the size of the mushroom plan. I thank you very much. I'll take any question incase you have some. Yes?\r\n\r\n- Could you name one country and indicate the number of things that could be done in Uganda\r\n\r\n- Well it's very easy for me because Uganda is my country and It's a country which underwent 10 years of civil war. It's rebuilding we have a president who has his heart in the right place, who is really working to make it possible. but its also a country which is undergoing structural adjustment which means evaluation of the currency, which means you have to work on export crops so that you can repay your debts In fact, 50% of the GNP goes into debt servicing of the country. So that means for every child who goes to school and another one doesn't go to school, the price of coffee damages and that's our main export crop. So while there might be growth in one area that people are paying the price because structural adjustment programs do not have safety nets to help the vulnerable groups. And as part of these structured adjustment besides devaluation of currencies and higher taxes you have retrenchment of civil servants, retrenchment of soldiers with a pittance as a settlement when they returned to the villages. So you'll have problems back in the villages. The kind of help Uganda could get would be to pump money in the human development areas like primary education, like family planning, like public health care or primary health care. So those that are better nutrition. Then of course Uganda is also a country which is suffering very very heavily from the AIDs epidemic. I was home in December, January this year. And for the first time I saw homeless children in my country we prided ourselves for the longest time that we did our problems with a young because even when children were orphaned, the extended family took over but AIDS epidemic has depleted the extended family because the aunties and uncles are also dying and they're dead and you have a grandmother or grandfather overnight has 25 grandchildren to take care of with nothing. You see these kids on the streets, no education and you wonder where the future of the country lies unless its children are educated and that these are children who don't have AIDs themselves. So again, that's another area which needs strong support. At least the AIDS orphans to take and be given. You have a 14 year old heading a household that 14 year old if they can get at least vocational training into a tread so they can earn a living at least they can keep the family together and maybe help the younger ones to go to school. So these are practical ways in which would be provided to country like Uganda. Yes?\r\n\r\n- What would UNDP copy in the development reconstruction of Somali\r\n\r\n- Wait, We are already there because a UNDP is a reconstruction and development agencies where not so much emergency. We only coordinate emergency operations but like already in Northern Somali where its relatively peaceful, we are working to restore agriculture. We are working with groups so they can grow food for themselves, We are working with education especially to help the children who've been traumatized by this war. So that they can get a type of education and try to overcome and get on with their lives. We are trying to train people for when this comes so that they can know the soldiers that are convert from being soldiers or those who pretend they're being trained so that they can go into these tired markets and jobs so that the country can go on. So already we are there in Mogadishu where it's still going on, we are helping with the infrastructure at least to put the water system back in place so that people have that basic need, water. So already we are there and as more as peace comes to the country we'll be able to work in one more areas. Yes.\r\n\r\n- You mentioned the human development report, please tell us more about that and why it's significant.\r\n\r\n- The human development report as I said is an annual study that my organization UNDP puts out every year. And this started in 1990 because we felt that we are marking the 40th anniversary of the UN of UNDP, the forming of UNDP. and we felt that we needed to carry the development event in a different direction from which it had been known because the world is facing new challenges. So we couldn't keep on doing business the same way we've been doing. So the first report was published in 1990, as I said and what was different about it, what was exciting about it, It changed a conventional wisdom that the wellbeing of a country can be measured by just income alone. We felt that you get a better picture if you look at the income or purchasing power, you look at the educational attainment and you also look at the life expectancy or the health of the people 'cause we came up with very interesting findings. We found Japan came number one in the world. 'Cause although their GDP is lower than America's their sharing of income. There's more equity in Japan overboard than there is in this country and this became more glaring in this year's report When we looked, we came up with a new yardstick for measuring the wellbeing of the country called a human development index and in this year's human development index, we factored in the ethnic disparities and we came up with interesting results. If America was an all white country, it would be number one in the world. If you do as a black country, it would be 31. If it was an all Hispanic country it would be like number 35. So you get to the disparities also when we came up with this new yardstick we found that Saudi Arabia has 15 times the income of Sri Lanka but Sri Lanka has the higher illiteracy rates and a higher life expectancy because the sharing of the wealth is much better than you have in Saudi Arabia for example. And then the following year, the report concentrated more on it's besides refining the human development index and factoring in the gender disparities again, you find a country like Japan, which had been number one because it does not treat women equally to men. They dropped the number 17 place, Canada which was number two became number six. And of course the Nordic countries, you know, come to the top because there's more equity between genders in Nordic countries. The second yard besides refining the human development index, we looked at the relationship between human freedom and development and there's a definite correlation between the two? What we couldn't find scientifically was which way the arrows go. Does human freedom lead to more development or does the development lead to more freedom? We got a lot of flag because we listed countries and because we used absolute indicators and so the global or universal application. Some countries felt the way they had rigged election they were banned as they having no elections. So we had a lot of flack from many countries which at the data were based on 1985 figures. So although they made changes in the world, this was not reflected in the index. In 1992, we dropped the listing of the human freedom of individual countries but we still had to shut down the relationship between the two 'cause we believe while we cannot put conditionalities for giving aid, We believe that countries have to look to the other side of enabling the people unleashing energies through democracy through tourism, through free press and that kind of thing. And we do help UNDP provides the technical assistance for the electoral process for educating their masses about their rights as citizens. We looked at the role of markets in development and we found that developing countries lose $500 billion every year because of protected markets, because of uneven flow of capital, because of immigration restrictions. And this is 10 times what they get in foreign assistance. So we figure maybe if the markets are more equitable, we won't have to put out so much money in foreign assistance in the first place and record for because developing countries are being asked to liberalize their markets but there's protectionism at the global level. So it's things that are not working as well as they should. Of course we did that, The main message of the human development report is to call attention to the human beings, know that not waste money on prestigious buildings and public works and all that but really to invest in people's education and people's health and people's wellbeing. And this year, the main theme was participation. People's participation in markets and civil society at different levels. So this is the human development report and I'm glad you gave me the opportunity to talk about it. It's a report that is being used in many university campuses in this country and Europe. You don't have it that broad flyers about it. I'd be glad to donate the set to the right department. Otherwise it's a sales item. Thanks for giving me the chance.\r\n\r\n- I'm glad you've mentioned the structural adjustment program. I believe very seriously that that program is based on Lawrence Thomas who from America and the African leaders came together and presented a different program but that was turned down I'd get a view to that, do you think there is a very serious move on the part of the U.S. to really develop capital? That's the question because I know that the average Ghanaian does not understand GNP and doesn't care at all, what he worries about is food on the table. He still makes his cocoa, he produces cocoa but he's getting less. His producing more and getting less. So because of favorable foreign exchange conversions, the problem really as a result of African development is that program. Ghana is counted as a success of this program but I don't agree with them because livelihood have not been improved on average aluminum I'm not talking about the copper 5% Nigeria the same thing so that structural adjustment program that the U.S. is relatively irrational in is at the heart of Africa's under development. What do you say?\r\n\r\n- No, I agree with you absolutely because as the keynote speaker mentioned last night, this country is promoting a bitter medicine that is not prepared to take itself 'cause as he pointed out this was Rhonda Robinson last night, he said any president who says he's going to raise taxes in this country, or any person running as governor or any public office will most likely lose the elections yet developing countries have been told raise the taxes, divided the currency, grow cash crops so that you got build your debt and that kind of thing and there are no safety nets put in place to hold the vulnerable groups. In Ghana, it started off as a success because they did negotiate as part of the deal a program called PAMS scan which was a program to mitigate the social consequences or structural adjustment. So they had public money for public works programs, they had money for school programs or water and sanitation and that kind of thing. I don't know what went wrong but at least things have worked on but that was part of the deal. But what happens is when this thing is done in a vacuum, countries first of all the commodities 'cause most African countries depend on agriculture commodities for export. And it's just one single commodity. And once the price was down, you know, it seems these countries are working hard they're running harder to stay in place. So it is a big problem. But going back to whether America means to develop Africa or works to develop Africa. I think so yes but what kind of development, and which African countries we have to rethink the whole development corporation and not look at it as charity, not to look at it as looking after our own interests because the cold war is over so these rivalries are over, but at the same time we shouldn't turn up and say, oh then there's no more threat because as I mentioned there're other threats and we have to come up with a new rationale for development, we have to come up with new ways of allocating that same development 'cause you've heard that American aid goes to military spenders, high military spenders. And less hope to the poorest countries which need it to alleviate property So we have favor of cold war or the arms race to favor the arms race in developing countries 'cause it's still there while we're facing out the basis and retrenching the meter that kind of thing. The merchants are still have a big market out there So we've have to phase out other means and rethink the whole development change but maybe our friend from the Stanley foundation could supplement my remarks.\r\n\r\n- I'd say that we've been here all along pretending to face our arms I absolutely agree with you that the priority is property and that's what we might need as all.\r\n\r\n- yeah. Yes, the lady, then you.\r\n\r\n- Is UNDP promoting any programs that will help African countries come together to look at their problems as a union so the situations will be dealt within the continent rather than looking outside for solutions.\r\n\r\n- We have a relationship with the organization of African unity and we do find a number of regional programs through the organization of African unity. And as Africa is looking to have economic integration again, we have programs starting with the capacity building of expertise within the continent We have a foundations based in Zimbabwe which is exclusively a $10 million foundation working to build expertise within Africa, because a lot of it has happened in Africa. And they're increasingly in fact where my organization is letting national experts carry out programs, rather than depending on experts from outside because development aid assistance runs at about $52 billion worldwide for all regions of the world. $12 billion of that goes to foreign experts. So what really as in they are not necessarily, you know, the best experts you have so part of this capacity building is to enable the people in the continent to really manage their own affairs. I promised you I'll be next.\r\n\r\n- Yeah I wanted to in conclusion or more or less what she\r\n\r\n- Okay.\r\n\r\n- on types of regional integration because I always believe that the U.S. is not a santa clause. Hence this could have shown that the United States will never be a santa clause for Africa and its high time we currently move on and expect our own development. I guess my question, if I could rephrase my question again to you. Is Africa with all the social inheritance that you've mentioned with respect to a number of mortality, disease etcetera and also you mentioned about the resources, the natural mineral resources. Can we say that Africa is poor because Africa is rich. Is there any correlation between Africa's richness and its poverty?\r\n\r\n- Well, for one thing Africa's is riches are largely still untapped Okay, Including its greatest natural resources which are it's people because in many countries, for every child which goes in school and another one doesn't go in school. You have some countries with eight soldiers and one school teacher, you know those imbalances will have to be squared out. Africa has to rethink it's all development priorities but we need help, We need outside help. We need aluminum, appropriate technologies, we need expertise. And I think we have to really also start dictating the terms on which we want these things and not just get whatever people want through us, you know obsolete arms and also we take note and that kind of thing. But above all, we have to create a climate where we can attract outside investment, including private investment. Where we can attract the trust, we have Tufts stability in the country, on the continent. So we have this a big agenda for both Africans as well as outsiders who are going to have to help Africa we can't do it alone but we have set our own house in order because I mean like in a situation like Somalia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115647#t=0.0,2746.488"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - 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politics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=8.413,9.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The superpowers or whatever they call themselves,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=11.748,15.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tend to steal one side,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=15.103,17.492"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in order to develop action,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=17.492,18.515"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ones that are really hard for them in Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=18.515,21.184"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Without conduct, in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=21.184,22.767"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the best.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=23.665,24.884"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they always to have be the only one,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=24.884,26.491"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you are inviting the foreign investors, etc, etc,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=26.491,30.031"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why would we be more like,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=30.031,31.439"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these foreign investors are not Santa Claus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=31.439,35.268"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Are you suggest, is there any way we can do what,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=35.268,38.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in South Korea's lead, in terms of transfer of technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=38.03,42.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is world peace, and what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=42.04,43.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, as I said, the aid of the poor boy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=46.637,48.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"offers us new opportunities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=48.68,50.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course now, you should not be this right for it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=50.81,54.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, between the two superpowers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=54.03,56.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what's happening is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=56.19,57.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the superpower is turning its back,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=58.85,60.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a bit like Somalia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=60.9,62.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was listening to the TV this morning,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=62.02,63.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since we don't have any more interest in Somalia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=63.67,66.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which we actually put out in January,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=66.08,68.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and not even wait for March.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=68.06,69.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's that kind of action we have to try and change,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=69.92,72.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by making a good case for why","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=72.81,75.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we share a common destiny.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=76.48,78.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we can not let one group of countries to go under,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=78.47,81.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because if it doesn't work for everybody,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=81.6,83.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it can't work for now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=83.46,85.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we have to negotiate, the whole international,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=85.66,88.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"convince that this is why we are human,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=88.53,90.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we all make report, we've been steering the debate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=90.29,94.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the development dialogue in a certain direction,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=94.35,97.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"putting the emphasis on human development.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=97.34,99.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, we have a new proposal for 2020.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=99.59,102.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"20% of development aid assistance should go to the areas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=102.36,106.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of priority human needs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=107.04,109.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than the 6.5% currently happening.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=109.98,113.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Developing countries themselves should devote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=113.19,115.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or should invest 20% of public money,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=116.86,120.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into the same areas of priority human needs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=120.05,122.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at namely again, is primary health care,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=122.97,125.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"education, primary education,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=125.86,127.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"better nutrition and family planning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=127.82,129.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=132.37,133.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e In a country like Nigeria, it takes a lot of resources.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=134.34,138.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In your point, it can still,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=138.03,139.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and getting along,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=141.496,142.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a lack of identity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=144.04,145.777"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the talk around--\n(baby babbling)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=145.777,148.268"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What they're going to do with their country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=148.268,150.777"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, but the lack of con--","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=150.777,151.897"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Because there is no coordinating in Nigeria.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=151.897,156.396"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e It's a,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=156.396,157.354"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's the mismanagement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=157.354,159.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e So the problem lies with the people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=159.17,161.375"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the leadership there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=161.375,162.757"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I agree with you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=162.757,163.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is why I said Africa has to put its house in order.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=163.59,166.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You have to create the right climate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=166.7,169.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for these things to happen,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=169.47,171.096"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they are not going to happen, you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=171.096,172.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a state of confusion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=172.74,174.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The onus is on the Africans create the right climate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=174.83,178.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e And also before they can get to Korea or Taiwan,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=178.23,182.234"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they are certain with school education,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=182.234,183.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they still depend on the colonial syllabus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=183.79,187.731"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Like that have been thrown away in England, for example.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=187.731,191.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If I don't have these textbooks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=191.21,192.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they have thrown away in England,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=192.39,194.899"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they are still using in Nigeria.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=194.899,196.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there is no way you can prepare","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=196.83,200.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for foundation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=201.08,202.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to get to the state of the higher technology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=202.01,205.322"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I agree with you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=205.322,206.877"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Absolutely.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=206.877,208.032"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e He taught mathematics in Nigeria, by a professional.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=208.032,210.264"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(laughter)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=210.264,212.514"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=214.536,215.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Now, mine is, what's,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=215.81,218.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what do you see the role in future for your organization,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=218.15,221.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"given that some of the major donors to the UN body","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=221.48,225.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seem to be reluctant to fund them anymore.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=225.29,229.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you see the UN body as having much role in development?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=229.02,234.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Definitely, because there's still a lot of work to be done","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=236.34,240.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the area, and the challenges in fact,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=240.35,243.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are becoming bigger and bigger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=243.51,245.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because an agency like mine was set up to create the,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=245.58,249.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where we're going, you know, began this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=249.76,251.392"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so we would work ourselves out of existence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=251.392,253.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what's happening is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=253.6,255.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as we meet bigger and bigger challenges,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=255.37,257.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in fact the bureaucracy is growing bigger and bigger","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=258.89,261.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"instead of shrinking, but as I said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=261.17,262.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why we are trying to short circuit this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=262.84,265.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to create the capacities within our recipient countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=265.22,268.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that they can manage their own affairs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=268.84,271.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as much as possible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=271.35,272.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what's happening now is really","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=272.85,274.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the competition between this peacekeeping and,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=274.7,277.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and humanitarian assistance and refugee problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=279.007,283.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, so there's competition for funding","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=283.29,285.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between those kinds of activities and development, per se.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=285.98,289.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, I'm not worried, you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=290.76,292.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have to deal with those emergencies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=292.94,294.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we coordinate all those Somali stuff today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=294.82,297.247"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know, what was happening.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=297.247,298.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Something had to be done to rescue the people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=298.143,301.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it should not happen at the expense of development,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=301.73,304.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there has to be a balance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=304.85,307.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because what's happened now, all the money,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=307.03,308.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a lot of money is being siphoned by our own organization,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=308.96,311.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who only be, has cut back 25%.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=311.76,314.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because we are funded through voluntary contributions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=314.99,318.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there's a shortfall in the contributions we are getting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=318.02,321.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because a lot of countries I think manage these activities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=321.89,325.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So really this is where we have to rethink","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=325.57,328.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the whole development, cooperation, strategies, and trends.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=328.21,332.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And not deal with the problems downstream.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=332.82,335.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have to deal with problems upstream.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=336.65,339.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To short circuit, what are the main causes of these,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=339.56,342.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are topics in the past, present,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=342.33,344.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"poverty is one big problem, which leads to these conflicts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=344.06,348.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the first place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=348.19,349.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And governments are also important","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=349.69,352.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in helping country recover from these conflicts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=352.44,355.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"once peace comes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=355.64,357.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there has to be a balance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=357.08,359.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But indeed, there is cause for worry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=359.01,360.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so this is why we are working desperately,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=360.56,363.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UN agencies, non-governmental organizations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=364.7,368.386"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or private and voluntary organizations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=368.386,369.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have to create a constituency for development.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=369.93,373.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have to justify development because,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=373.44,376.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as we all know, in the end of the Cold War,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=376.32,379.217"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the threat of the nuclear Holocaust is over","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=379.217,381.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so we feel we can sit pretty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=381.33,383.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But we can't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=383.78,384.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Environment degradation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=384.76,386.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It does not know any bounds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=386.96,388.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Poverty, drugs, diseases, don't need passports to travel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=389.96,393.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You cannot close your borders to them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=393.97,396.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this is why we have to rethink,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=396.7,399.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"development operation shouldn't be chided,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=399.16,401.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you should include trade.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=401.73,404.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Should include","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=405.09,406.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"development aid assistance increase,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=407.82,411.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but also rationalize better.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=411.13,413.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You should include capital flows","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=413.03,416.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and appropriate technology transfers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=416.32,419.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You have to rethink the whole strategy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=419.04,421.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'm proud to say, I'm pleased to say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=421.11,423.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my organization has really been playing a catalytic role","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=423.94,427.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in main, through the human development report","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=427.74,429.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because we are having big conferences and meetings,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=429.86,433.277"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where this report is being cited.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=433.277,435.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Including in the G7 meetings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=435.91,438.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we feel we might bring about a difference.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=438.57,442.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But we have to create constituencies and justifications,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=444.1,447.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for why we shouldn't let a group of countries go out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=447.95,452.076"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and think we can sit pretty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=452.076,454.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=460.934,462.443"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(applause)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=462.443,464.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(crowd murmuring)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=471.035,473.868"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27415/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/415/original/AV204166_Why_the_US_should_Invest_in_Africa_b.vtt?1622148434","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/415/original/AV204166_Why_the_US_should_Invest_in_Africa_b.vtt?1622148434"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27416","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204166_Why_the_US_should_Invest_in_Africa_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648/transcript/27416/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- In the bid to, to attempt the drug politics. The superpowers or whatever they call themselves, tend to steal one side, in order to develop action, ones that are really hard for them in Africa. Without conduct, in the best. So they always to have be the only one, if you are inviting the foreign investors, etc, etc, why would we be more like, these foreign investors are not Santa Claus. Are you suggest, is there any way we can do what, in South Korea's lead, in terms of transfer of technology that is world peace, and what?\r\n\r\n- Yeah, as I said, the aid of the poor boy offers us new opportunities. Of course now, you should not be this right for it. You know, between the two superpowers. But what's happening is, the superpower is turning its back, with a bit like Somalia, was listening to the TV this morning, since we don't have any more interest in Somalia, which we actually put out in January, and not even wait for March. It's that kind of action we have to try and change, by making a good case for why we share a common destiny. So we can not let one group of countries to go under, because if it doesn't work for everybody, it can't work for now. And we have to negotiate, the whole international, convince that this is why we are human, we all make report, we've been steering the debate, the development dialogue in a certain direction, putting the emphasis on human development. In fact, we have a new proposal for 2020. 20% of development aid assistance should go to the areas of priority human needs, rather than the 6.5% currently happening. Developing countries themselves should devote, or should invest 20% of public money, into the same areas of priority human needs, at namely again, is primary health care, education, primary education, better nutrition and family planning. Yes?\r\n\r\n- In a country like Nigeria, it takes a lot of resources. In your point, it can still, and getting along, with a lack of identity, and the talk around-- What they're going to do with their country.\r\n\r\n- Yes, but the lack of con--\r\n\r\n- Because there is no coordinating in Nigeria.\r\n\r\n- It's a, it's the mismanagement.\r\n\r\n- So the problem lies with the people and the leadership there.\r\n\r\n- I agree with you. This is why I said Africa has to put its house in order. You have to create the right climate, for these things to happen, they are not going to happen, you know, in a state of confusion. The onus is on the Africans create the right climate.\r\n\r\n- And also before they can get to Korea or Taiwan, they are certain with school education, they still depend on the colonial syllabus. Like that have been thrown away in England, for example. If I don't have these textbooks, that they have thrown away in England, they are still using in Nigeria. And there is no way you can prepare for foundation to get to the state of the higher technology.\r\n\r\n- I agree with you. Absolutely.\r\n\r\n- He taught mathematics in Nigeria, by a professional.\r\n\r\n- Yes.\r\n\r\n- Now, mine is, what's, what do you see the role in future for your organization, given that some of the major donors to the UN body seem to be reluctant to fund them anymore. Do you see the UN body as having much role in development?\r\n\r\n- Definitely, because there's still a lot of work to be done in the area, and the challenges in fact, are becoming bigger and bigger. Because an agency like mine was set up to create the, where we're going, you know, began this, so we would work ourselves out of existence. But what's happening is, as we meet bigger and bigger challenges, in fact the bureaucracy is growing bigger and bigger instead of shrinking, but as I said, why we are trying to short circuit this, is to create the capacities within our recipient countries, so that they can manage their own affairs as much as possible. But what's happening now is really the competition between this peacekeeping and, and humanitarian assistance and refugee problems. And, so there's competition for funding between those kinds of activities and development, per se. And, I'm not worried, you know, we have to deal with those emergencies, we coordinate all those Somali stuff today, you know, what was happening. Something had to be done to rescue the people, but it should not happen at the expense of development, there has to be a balance. Because what's happened now, all the money, a lot of money is being siphoned by our own organization, who only be, has cut back 25%. Because we are funded through voluntary contributions, and there's a shortfall in the contributions we are getting. Because a lot of countries I think manage these activities. So really this is where we have to rethink the whole development, cooperation, strategies, and trends. And not deal with the problems downstream. We have to deal with problems upstream. To short circuit, what are the main causes of these, are topics in the past, present, poverty is one big problem, which leads to these conflicts in the first place. And governments are also important in helping country recover from these conflicts once peace comes. So there has to be a balance. But indeed, there is cause for worry, so this is why we are working desperately, UN agencies, non-governmental organizations, or private and voluntary organizations, we have to create a constituency for development. We have to justify development because, as we all know, in the end of the Cold War, the threat of the nuclear Holocaust is over so we feel we can sit pretty. But we can't. Environment degradation. It does not know any bounds. Poverty, drugs, diseases, don't need passports to travel. You cannot close your borders to them. So this is why we have to rethink, development operation shouldn't be chided, you should include trade. Should include development aid assistance increase, but also rationalize better. You should include capital flows and appropriate technology transfers. You have to rethink the whole strategy. And I'm proud to say, I'm pleased to say, my organization has really been playing a catalytic role in main, through the human development report because we are having big conferences and meetings, where this report is being cited. Including in the G7 meetings. So we feel we might bring about a difference. But we have to create constituencies and justifications, for why we shouldn't let a group of countries go out and think we can sit pretty. Well, I thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42979/file/115648#t=0.0,481.368"}]}]}]}