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Weber,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=173.31,177.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or Emile Durkheim have shared this view","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=177.02,179.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of industrial 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backyard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=190.04,191.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Namely the family labor farms of American agriculture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=191.9,196.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For many people, American agriculture seems quite 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farms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=205.96,209.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remains quite traditional.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=209.34,211.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In turn, in recent years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=212.21,214.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"American agriculture has experienced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=214.25,216.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what might even be considered backward development,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=216.55,220.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where wage labor, capital relationships","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=220.3,222.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have been replaced by more traditional farms of production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=222.88,226.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like modern farms of sharecropping.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=226.64,228.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As some of you know, James Dickinson and I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=230.6,233.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wrote a thesis about 10 years ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=233.34,236.442"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where we tried to explain some of these anomalies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=236.442,240.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by pointing to a whole series of natural obstacles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=240.02,244.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to capitalist development.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=244.33,246.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Our work was based on some of Marx's writings","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=246.23,250.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Volume Two of Capital,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=250.06,252.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"writings which actually have been overlooked","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=252.14,254.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by both Marxists and non Marxist theorists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=254.14,257.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Without belaboring our old thesis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=259.144,261.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"'cause it is about a decade old right now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=261.88,264.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would like to point out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=264.7,266.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just a few of these natural obstacles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=266.04,268.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for those of you who are not familiar with our thesis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=268.98,272.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, if you consider","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=272.6,274.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"industrial capitalist development,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=274.58,277.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of the major routes by which industrial capitalists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=277.16,280.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have been competitively successful","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=280.64,283.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to specialize in production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=283.38,285.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In agriculture, specialization is much more difficult.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=286.64,290.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On the one hand, in field crop production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=290.91,293.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very simply, if you overspecialize,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=293.93,297.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you can ruin the soil or erode the soil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=297.49,301.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is not true in industrial production","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=301.92,303.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where specialization will lead to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=303.88,305.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some kind of erosion of productive factors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=305.61,309.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Similarly, in farming, if you specialize,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=309.22,312.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"machinery can lie idle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=312.54,314.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"while seeds are maturing in the earth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=314.92,318.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what Marx called the excessive gap","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=318.33,320.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between production time and labor time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=320.59,322.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in many spheres of agriculture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=322.88,325.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that arise from the seasonal 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idle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=329.32,332.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during the excess of production time, over labor time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=332.64,336.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this can lead to very serious labor problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=336.37,340.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and recruitment problems for labor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=340.02,342.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm arguing here that these types of 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agriculture,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=544.89,548.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's possible that we're only now witnessing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=548.77,551.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"agriculture's industrial 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societies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=582.0,585.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's probably going to lead to even a grosser inequality","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=585.45,589.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between the underdeveloped world and the developed 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relationship","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=598.15,600.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between nature and society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=600.6,603.809"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is viewing nature primarily","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=603.809,607.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as an object of human domination","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=607.69,611.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be worked upon, shaped or transformed into commodities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=611.42,616.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Correspondingly, progress here is viewed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=616.04,619.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the domination or subjugation of nature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=619.46,623.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or else, the liberation from nature and its constraints.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=623.68,627.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In all of these cases, nature is viewed as antithetical","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=627.95,631.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than integral to society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=631.91,634.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I frankly think it's also true","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=634.53,636.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this type of view of nature as an object","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=636.62,640.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or solely an object of human domination","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=640.08,643.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is present in a lot of Marxism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=643.36,646.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"particularly the more economic determinist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=646.3,648.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"versions of Marxism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=648.64,650.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Consequently, because of the ecological crisis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=651.81,655.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"faced by many modern societies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=655.33,658.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think this is gonna call for a totally different view","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=658.35,661.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the relationship between nature and society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=661.55,664.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People not only live off nature, but they live in nature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=664.87,669.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As Moltmann says, \"Nature is the home of the human race.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=669.21,674.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Consequently, I think we're gonna need","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=674.14,675.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a new conception of the relationship","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=675.93,677.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between nature and society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=677.92,679.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think Marxism also has to reevaluate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=679.81,682.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how it has looked at nature in the past.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=682.41,684.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I also kind of question, since this is socialist week,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=686.49,690.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what some of these natural obstacles might mean","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=690.44,693.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for socialist societies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=693.32,695.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For instance, I'm well aware that socialism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=695.56,698.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is not governed by profit or market determinations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=698.76,703.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the same way that capitalism is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=703.04,706.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But nevertheless, even if you use political decisions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=706.14,710.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to determine, for instance, the price of bread","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=710.14,713.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and keep it low,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=713.22,714.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"regardless of how efficient wheat production is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=714.43,718.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you're still going to have to subsidize","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=718.4,720.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that area of the economy from another area of the economy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=720.38,724.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Also, socialist societies clearly produce","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=724.4,727.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"many commodities for a world market,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=727.61,730.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so they also cannot be completely oblivious","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=730.24,733.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to market determinations or to issues","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=733.52,736.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of efficiency and productivity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=736.44,738.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The question I'm raising here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=738.9,741.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is whether or not people that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=741.04,743.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have advocated collective farming,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=743.83,747.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I myself have only read the debates in the Soviet Union","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=747.1,750.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the 1920s about collective farming,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=750.76,753.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but in reading them, it becomes clear","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=753.74,756.204"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that collective farming was not simply being 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advocates","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=763.24,765.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of collective farming thought","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=765.76,767.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that these collective farms would be more efficient","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=767.97,772.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the large scale would help them make","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=772.09,774.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"better use of machinery and labor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=774.16,777.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then would, say, the peasant agriculture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=777.33,779.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that existed at the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=779.64,781.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Consequently, I'm asking whether","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=781.47,785.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some of the arguments about the superiority","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=785.12,787.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of collectivized farms,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=787.75,789.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't in fact mirror some of the arguments made","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=789.81,793.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the superiority of capitalist enterprise,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=793.23,796.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"namely in terms of saying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=796.35,798.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"large scale factory like production","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=798.42,801.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the most efficient way to go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=801.7,804.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And frankly, I think if the advocates of collective farming","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=804.35,808.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had read Marx's Volume Two of Capital","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=808.86,811.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a little bit more closely, they would have paid attention","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=811.26,814.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to some of his warnings there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=814.16,815.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the peculiar nature of agriculture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=815.79,818.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And maybe realize that perhaps","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=818.97,821.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this anomaly of this survival","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=822.407,825.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of traditional forms of production","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=825.05,827.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in both underdeveloped and advanced societies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=827.25,831.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One type of theory I'm going to call","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=831.04,833.609"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"micro level kind of subjectiveist,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=833.609,837.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a lot of people call it a populous theory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=837.03,839.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are theories that tend to argue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=840.84,842.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that family labor farms have some kind of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=842.9,845.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"internal logic or set of characteristics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=845.52,848.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that make them able to successfully compete","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=848.77,852.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against large scale capitalist enterprise.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=852.38,855.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Most often the central thing they focus on here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=855.82,859.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is what is called self exploitation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=859.67,862.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the fact that farmers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=862.68,865.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of their intrinsic interest in land ownership","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=865.07,870.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or self-employment, or being their own boss,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=870.02,873.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are willing to work excessively long hours,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=873.73,877.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pay exorbitantly high land prices or rents","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=877.42,881.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or so forth and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=881.23,882.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not denying that this might not be true,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=884.63,887.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what I'm denying is that it's a very good explanation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=887.91,890.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the survival of family labor enterprises.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=890.77,894.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Quite simply, one could ask","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=894.54,897.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if these internal characteristics were so important,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=897.15,901.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why weren't they able to keep family labor enterprises","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=901.32,905.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the non-farm economy, in the industrial sector, alive?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=905.73,909.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, why do these family labor enterprises","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=909.64,914.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"only seem to exist in any major numbers in agriculture?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=914.11,917.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's a very simple critique.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=919.04,921.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another thing that bothers me a lot about this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=921.15,923.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that the self exploitation is often romanticized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=923.9,928.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and viewed very much as a virtue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=928.25,930.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, I think it is a euphemism that covers up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=931.69,935.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"patriarchal control over women and children's labor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=935.61,939.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I've been doing a lot of work,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=939.85,942.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as Tony said, on Southern sharecropping.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=942.96,945.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I've, I guess, collected a lot of evidence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=945.68,950.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to show that these sharecropping units","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=950.64,952.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were quite patriarchal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=952.95,955.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me just give you a few examples here to illustrate this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=955.09,958.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First, male croppers controlled farm income and property,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=960.19,965.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"regardless of the contribution of other family members.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=965.11,968.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Second, cropper's contracts actually included","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=968.44,972.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"written agreements where the male father or husband","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=972.22,975.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would agree to control and discipline his family's labor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=975.55,979.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Third, while employers or landowners","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=979.7,982.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were not allowed to use the lash on emancipated labor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=982.4,987.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"husbands and fathers could legally punish and discipline","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=988.26,992.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their wives and children physically.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=992.63,995.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there's a lot of evidence that this took place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=995.48,998.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fourth, women generally worked much longer hours","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=998.43,1002.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than men on these sharecropping units.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1002.18,1005.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Particularly in poor sharecropping households","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1005.4,1008.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where women would work alongside the men in the fields","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1008.13,1010.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then do the housework and childcare","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1010.72,1013.095"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"throughout the rest of the day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1013.095,1015.267"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fifth, and I think you find this a lot,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1017.048,1019.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that while women would take on traditionally male tasks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1019.24,1022.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"men seldom took on traditionally female tasks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1022.69,1026.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, I was looking at 19th century sharecropping","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1026.05,1029.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after the Civil War,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1029.18,1031.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I've also looked at some of the farm data","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1031.03,1033.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the 1980 farm survey of farm women,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1033.5,1036.814"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a lot of these same things are still true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1036.814,1039.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I think we should take this quite seriously","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1039.81,1042.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of reevaluating this notion of self exploitation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1042.3,1047.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Many historians have tended to gloss over this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1049.2,1052.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"emphasizing instead the complementarity of roles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1052.23,1056.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another feminist issue that disturbs me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1056.21,1058.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this whole debate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1058.16,1059.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I don't know how many of you were aware of this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1059.64,1062.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but if I look at the analysis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1062.27,1064.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of non wage labor in agriculture,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1064.66,1068.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I see a lot of sociologists, historians and economists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1068.78,1073.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reinventing the wheel in some senses.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1075.59,1077.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dealing with old debates and so forth and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1077.67,1080.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But they have completely ignored a vast body","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1080.54,1084.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of feminist literature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1084.82,1086.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"written in the late sixties and early seventies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1086.18,1089.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that dealt with the non wage labor that goes on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1089.01,1090.011"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"daily in our households, housework and childcare.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1090.011,1095.011"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, there is a feminist and a Marxist literature there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1095.09,1097.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's almost completely overlooked.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1097.83,1100.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, I'm trying to argue here that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1100.37,1104.299"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the very fact that they've ignored","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1104.299,1105.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nature and women's work is related.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1105.93,1110.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On a very simplistic level,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1110.13,1112.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's clear that women have been","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1112.02,1114.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"much more closely identified with nature than men","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1114.68,1118.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of some kind of biological destiny","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1118.68,1121.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or anatomical destiny to their roles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1121.75,1124.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Perhaps more importantly than that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1124.64,1126.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kind of crude, kind of sexist analysis of gender roles,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1126.41,1130.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the fact that I think both nature and women's work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1130.87,1134.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has falsely been viewed as non-economic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1134.38,1137.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think that's something","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1137.57,1138.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have to change and turn around.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1138.52,1141.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"While these micro level theories","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1142.66,1145.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ignore gender and age issues,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1145.06,1148.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the macro structural theories","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1148.51,1150.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I'm gonna talk about right now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1150.29,1152.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"often leave out the implications of class struggle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1152.37,1156.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the survival of traditional farms of production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1156.56,1160.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even though many of these macro theories","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1160.04,1162.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"claim to have Marxist roots.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1162.26,1164.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm referring here to agrarian theories","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1164.72,1167.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"derived from dependency theory, world system theory,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1167.68,1172.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and from analysis of contradictory class locations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1172.41,1176.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by writers like Erik Olin Wright.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1176.08,1178.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In my view, all of these theories","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1179.2,1181.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seem to essentially erase the distinctions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1184.1,1187.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between wage and non wage labor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1187.27,1189.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between capitalist production","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1189.45,1191.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and symbol commodity production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1191.02,1193.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between exploitation for markets","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1193.28,1195.699"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and exploitation at the point of production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1195.699,1198.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and even the distinctions between","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1198.73,1200.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"agriculture and industry themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1200.4,1203.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know how many of you are familiar with a new book,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1203.29,1205.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is actually superb,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1205.82,1207.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's called The First Seed by Jack Kloppenburg.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1207.48,1210.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do any of you know that book?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1210.3,1211.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It came out last year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1212.6,1214.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, while this book is superb, he does do this kind of,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1215.11,1220.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what I call errant erasures, in his book.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1220.26,1223.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me give you an example of this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1223.42,1225.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One way in which he completely obliterates","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1225.79,1228.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the distinction between agriculture and industry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1228.43,1231.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this is very common and probably","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1231.08,1232.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some of you out there even agree with this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1232.83,1235.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that he wants to extend what agriculture means","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1235.37,1238.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"beyond the farm gate to include agribusiness,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1238.48,1242.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such as Cargill international harvester.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1242.09,1245.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And even institutions that intersect","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1245.17,1248.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the farm economy, like say, Citibank.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1248.23,1250.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These non-farm industries he views as exploiting farmers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1252.17,1257.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through interest on debts, through marketing contracts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1257.49,1261.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and through control over farm inputs and decisions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1261.32,1265.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even if these farmers still control their property,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1265.07,1268.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their farm, the commodities they produce","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1268.52,1270.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and engage in wage in and use family labor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1270.92,1274.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As such, industry and agriculture become one","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1275.51,1278.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and industry subsumes agriculture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1278.09,1280.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This obscures a number of important class differences","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1282.96,1287.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between these forms of production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1287.14,1289.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I want to use some examples","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1289.45,1292.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from modern day sharecropping","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1292.04,1293.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and modern day contract farming to illustrate this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1293.8,1297.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For instance, if you were to argue as these,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1297.29,1301.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at least ostensibly neo-Marxist theories do,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1302.69,1306.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that indebted farmers, contract farmers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1306.0,1308.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and modern sharecroppers are simply","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1308.65,1310.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"new farms of proletariat who work at home,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1310.71,1313.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that their ownership of property,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1314.98,1317.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that their reliance on family labor is unimportant,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1317.38,1320.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then actually, it would make absolutely no sense at all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1320.7,1323.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for a capitalist enterprise to switch from wage labor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1323.83,1328.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to say, modern sharecropping.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1328.75,1330.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, why should they bother","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1330.17,1331.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if the two forms are identical?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1331.34,1333.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're both proletariat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1333.35,1334.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In contrast, I'm trying to argue that there's structural,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1336.81,1339.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's political and there's ideological differences","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1339.59,1342.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between these forms of production that make this type","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1342.31,1345.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of backward development make a lot of sense.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1345.51,1348.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me give you a few examples here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1349.98,1352.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If these people are","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1352.28,1354.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"heavy commodity producers, instead of wage laborers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1354.73,1358.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then they cannot claim certain benefits","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1358.6,1361.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are legally recognized to be part of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1361.97,1364.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the wage labor capital relationship,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1364.21,1366.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such as worker's compensation or unemployment insurance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1366.87,1371.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or those types of benefits going with many wage packages.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1371.19,1375.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On the other hand, if there's any kind of social","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1375.72,1378.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or natural risk associated with production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1378.93,1382.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that risk is going to fall legally","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1382.24,1385.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the hands of people that can have control","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1385.02,1387.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over the commodities they produce.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1387.51,1389.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For instance, if there was a drought or a flood,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1389.99,1393.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a wage laborer could still demand payment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1393.3,1396.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the labor he or she did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1396.12,1398.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up until the time of that drought or flood.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1398.37,1401.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they also would have no liability for any crop risk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1401.15,1405.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By contrast, if you have legal control","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1405.11,1408.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over the commodities produced,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1408.24,1409.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then you have to subsume that liability or risk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1409.85,1413.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Both of these reasons for shifting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1415.27,1417.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from wage labor to non wage labor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1417.95,1420.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"revolve around the legal implications","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1420.81,1423.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of certain productive relations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1423.02,1425.834"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and hence, point to the need","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1425.834,1426.667"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for a much more extensive analysis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1426.667,1429.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of what kind of role the state plays","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1430.13,1433.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in enforcing property rights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1433.82,1435.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the rights of wage labor in a given time and place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1435.7,1440.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This makes this an historical and empirical question","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1440.49,1443.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is needed, or a historical empirical analysis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1444.87,1448.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is needed to shed light","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1448.8,1449.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on these different forms of production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1449.99,1451.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In addition, I would argue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1452.82,1454.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there is always the potential that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1454.74,1458.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there would more likely be an alliance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1459.34,1461.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of petty commodity producers with large capitalists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1461.53,1465.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then wage laborers with large capitalists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1465.08,1467.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And let me give you an example here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1467.88,1469.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you were to ask the question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1469.87,1471.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what side would a sharecropper","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1471.88,1473.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or a contract farmer likely to take","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1473.94,1477.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if the Teamsters Union decided to strike","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1477.36,1480.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than to deliver farm commodities to market?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1480.0,1483.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which side would you find","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1483.45,1484.599"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these social classes falling on wage, labor or capital?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1484.599,1489.599"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's these kind of questions that I think","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1489.77,1492.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"point to the real structural, political","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1492.47,1495.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and ideological difference between","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1495.73,1496.897"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these forms of production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1496.897,1499.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In many cases, I have been accused","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1499.57,1502.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and others have been accused","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1502.24,1503.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that when you want to argue about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1503.92,1505.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether this is capitalist or non-capitalist,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1505.77,1507.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a contract farm or a proletariat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1507.97,1510.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or is he a family labor, farmer family labor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1510.37,1513.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you're simply engaging in academics,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1516.77,1519.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wobbles or semantical debates.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1519.42,1522.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I do not think this is true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1522.03,1523.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think what you're actually trying to get at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1523.33,1525.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are the political implications for class struggle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1525.9,1528.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of these different forms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1528.99,1530.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What side are they gonna take","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1530.7,1532.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a particular political crises,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1532.17,1534.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or what rights and privileges do they have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1534.48,1537.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"under the state system at a particular point in time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1537.23,1540.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another thing that is slightly interesting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1541.78,1544.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about these neo-Marxist theories,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1544.34,1546.753"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like dependency theory or world system theory,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1547.98,1550.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that it arose initially to combat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1550.65,1554.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"unilinear modernization theories","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1554.36,1556.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of writers like Talcott Parsons in sociology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1556.61,1560.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or WW Rostow in economics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1560.11,1563.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if you really think about it, in fact,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1563.3,1565.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these neo-Marxist theories actually present themselves","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1565.68,1570.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a unilinear view of development,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1570.91,1573.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where it appears as if capitalism is invincible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1573.72,1577.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's easily spreading across the globe,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1577.19,1580.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including more and more forms of production","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1580.63,1583.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in kind of its web of exploitative relationships.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1583.12,1586.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It also appears that capitalism is easily","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1586.58,1589.391"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"moving towards greater and greater vertical integration","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1589.391,1593.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"using the non-farm economy of the farm economy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1594.25,1597.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In contrast, I'm trying to argue that, in fact,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1598.54,1602.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"backward and uneven development does exist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1602.89,1606.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This unilinear view is in fact, a distortion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1606.11,1609.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And backward and uneven development exists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1609.25,1611.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"precisely because nature, because patriarchy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1611.8,1615.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and because class struggles present","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1615.56,1618.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"many natural and social obstacles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1618.3,1621.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the universality of capitalist relations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1621.39,1623.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on a global scale.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1623.75,1625.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would also argue, that because Marxism and feminism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1627.14,1631.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have been so late to enter these theoretical debates,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1631.96,1636.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it remains one of the tragic ironies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1636.26,1638.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the history of American rural sociology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1638.67,1641.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that its own ideological biases are in part responsible","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1641.67,1646.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the under-development of an adequate theory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1646.04,1648.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the very phenomena this field has held","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1648.78,1651.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be sacred and immutable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1651.8,1653.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Persistence of the family labor farm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1655.41,1657.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1658.153,1658.986"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1660.386,1662.636"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do I have time now for questions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1664.578,1667.328"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Does anybody have any questions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1670.613,1673.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you see is making these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1684.535,1686.477"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farm laborers seem, why are they satisfied","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1686.477,1689.481"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and why hasn't there been a movement (inaudible).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1689.481,1694.481"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e A movement of, did you say of women?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1698.038,1700.341"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e What is making -","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1700.341,1701.353"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why are they satisfied?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1701.353,1703.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why are they the ones working so hard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1704.284,1706.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and not getting enough rewards back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1706.75,1710.538"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why are they satisfied with that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1710.538,1712.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, like I said before,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1712.28,1713.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I do think there's truth in the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1713.34,1715.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the lure of land ownership,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1715.35,1717.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of self-employment is a very strong one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1717.38,1719.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I believe that they are reacting to that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1719.89,1722.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think that's a myth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1722.41,1724.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What I'm trying to argue in contrast","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1725.15,1727.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that their wishes and desires","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1727.61,1730.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are not what keep them there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1730.35,1732.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That in fact, capitalism is the dominant mode of production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1732.49,1736.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it's only because capitalism can't conquer that sphere,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1736.94,1741.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it can't produce goods at a lower price","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1741.45,1746.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than these family farmers working at these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1747.3,1749.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather levels of drudgery, I guess you could say, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1749.433,1753.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That it's because capitalism can't do it,that's the problem,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1755.1,1758.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's the natural and social obstacles there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1758.53,1761.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not the family farmer's desire or wish or their labor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1761.41,1765.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Otherwise, the family farmers in industry","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1765.21,1767.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could have been as strong and standing up to capital.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1767.62,1770.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, you'd have to explain to me the reverse,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1770.61,1772.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how come the ones in industry didn't stay, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1772.8,1776.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, it's not that they aren't doing that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1776.04,1778.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think they are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1778.46,1779.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's that I don't think that's the key to understanding","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1779.97,1782.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the development or lack of development,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1782.49,1785.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whatever you want to call it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1785.15,1787.317"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e What third world countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1787.317,1788.618"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have you looked at?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1788.618,1789.936"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Have you looked at any specific country?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1789.936,1792.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e No, almost all of my work,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1792.29,1793.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, I've read a lot on the writings","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1793.74,1796.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on third world countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1796.23,1797.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Almost all of my work has been on American agriculture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1797.31,1800.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I tended to look at the period","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1800.55,1803.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after the Civil War with sharecropping","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1803.75,1806.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and ups through the 1930s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1806.25,1807.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, it's mainly been American agriculture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1810.205,1813.705"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1817.398,1818.231"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e Human theory seems to get asked","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1818.231,1822.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some of the debates that go in the mid west here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1822.013,1825.694"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether or not we're going to become like California","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1825.694,1828.778"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as far as the industrialization involved in farms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1828.778,1832.691"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this part of the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1832.691,1835.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think from what you're saying,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1835.35,1837.299"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you kind of think the capital in the mid west","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1837.299,1838.885"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has some of the most major technological changes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1838.885,1842.278"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(inaudible) whereas we don't have (inaudible).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1842.278,1846.559"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, corporate farms like in California.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1846.559,1850.788"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So obviously we could grow corn and soy beans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1850.788,1853.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and dairy cows and (inaudible)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1853.743,1856.808"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the kind of structure with nature we held.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1856.808,1860.308"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e I think that's, I mean,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1861.158,1862.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that's largely what I'm saying actually,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1862.7,1863.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the type of commodities that you grow here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1863.96,1867.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are your major commodities, tend to be field crops","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1867.2,1870.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are very difficult to,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1870.24,1872.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right at this point in history anyway,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1872.56,1875.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"subordinate to the requirements of capitalist production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1875.22,1878.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's possible that these changes in biotechnology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1878.39,1881.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are gonna make a difference,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1881.36,1882.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but some writers are arguing that some of the changes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1882.97,1885.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are gonna actually boost the grain/meat fulcrum","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1885.47,1888.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of American agriculture and others are gonna undermine it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1888.48,1891.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That there's going to be contradictory movements there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1891.01,1893.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But yeah, I'm saying pretty much what you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1893.76,1896.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how you summarized it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1896.8,1898.246"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e I've read theories saying, you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1898.246,1899.906"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people worrying about corporate industrial farms in Iowa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1899.906,1904.906"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are really,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1905.241,1906.074"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"capital, industrialized to that at this point.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1906.074,1909.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e Well I think people are obviously","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1909.12,1910.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"being driven out by problems of debt and things like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1910.45,1913.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can't, I mean, that's one form,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1913.46,1915.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's a form of finance capital.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1915.28,1917.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But no, in terms of corporate farming","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1917.61,1919.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a factory in the fields type of view, no I don't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1919.81,1923.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you see something different since you're closer to it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1923.34,1925.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on a grassroots level?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1925.67,1927.052"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e No, I grew up here, I don't think,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1927.052,1928.588"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think that there's enough","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1928.588,1930.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"theoretical background to support that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1930.13,1932.941"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a reality here that (inaudible)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1932.941,1935.325"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the data shows that it isn't happening,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1935.325,1937.695"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like people came here ten years ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1937.695,1939.808"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they're, it just hasn't happened.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1939.808,1943.239"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I think you're right,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1943.239,1944.314"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I don't think there's enough people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1944.314,1946.405"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who understand what you're saying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1946.405,1947.598"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who do that kind of analysis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1947.598,1949.988"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is why it's not (inaudible).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1949.988,1952.316"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Farm fields, it's not going to, you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1952.316,1955.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"evolve to be like California farms (inaudible).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1956.602,1961.602"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e That's kind of what I'm working.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1963.057,1966.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You had a question I think?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1970.191,1971.024"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e Mine was exactly the same.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1971.024,1973.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you have a question?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1974.697,1977.342"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e Along those same lines, so this is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1977.342,1979.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I guess kind of a different set of data,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1979.273,1982.098"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kind of throw in to the same question here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1982.098,1984.039"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"With respect to land tenancy arrangements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1984.039,1986.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the mid west at this time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1987.484,1989.901"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the trend has been in the last, for 10, 20, 30 years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1990.831,1994.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for farmers to incorporate a mix of owned land","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1994.63,1998.769"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as well as rented land.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=1998.769,2000.777"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the means of exchange on those rental properties","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2000.777,2003.377"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been, in the past at least,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2004.213,2007.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"almost exclusively a tax of financial nature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2007.24,2009.977"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's been some work done in the last 10 years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2009.977,2013.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"showing that there are at least some tendencies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2013.89,2016.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some pressures to force some of those land rental agreements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2016.38,2021.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back into a commodity in line with a sharecropper","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2022.996,2027.296"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kind of a situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2027.296,2028.642"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e There has, I didn't know that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2028.642,2030.479"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e How far it goes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2030.479,2032.354"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what are the conditions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2032.354,2033.649"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are that are pushing it in that direction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2033.649,2035.649"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are anybody's guess, but I'd be curious to know","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2035.649,2039.672"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how you feel about what that says","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2039.672,2042.145"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in respect of what you're saying.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2042.145,2044.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e That's curious, I'm kind of surprised at that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2044.2,2046.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"'cause the places it seems to have been happening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2046.69,2048.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where you actually moved to a modern form of sharecropping","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2048.76,2052.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been in more intensive types of production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2052.2,2054.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like strawberry production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2054.54,2056.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I call it ex-capitalist sharecropping","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2057.52,2059.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it's moved from wage labor to share cropping,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2059.74,2062.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is not what you're talking about at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2062.03,2064.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's moving from petty commodity production","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2064.05,2066.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of various weird rent relationships.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2066.0,2069.376"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e Has a lot to do with it (inaudible).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2069.376,2073.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e See, and the reason they moved","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2073.22,2074.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in these other areas to this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2074.48,2076.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"traditional sharecropping form","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2076.71,2078.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was because of fear of unionization in many cases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2078.04,2081.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you don't have that same set of characteristics here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2081.61,2085.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I would find it very interesting what you're saying,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2085.17,2088.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I'm not quite sure I would understand why","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2088.15,2090.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it would be taking that particular form myself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2090.72,2093.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm curious with you all, like,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2097.25,2098.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I feel often when I say some of these things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2102.12,2104.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about women's issues, like gender issues,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2104.61,2107.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I'm talking to a brick wall.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2108.77,2111.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I wanna ask you all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2112.864,2113.697"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because there is a preponderance of men","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2113.697,2115.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this room tonight.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2115.58,2116.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Like this view of the family farmer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2118.83,2121.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kind of virtuously sweating away","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2121.13,2125.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to keep his farm, right, against the onslaught of capital,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2125.42,2129.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think is a romantic view that we hold","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2129.73,2132.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we kind of hold dearly because","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2132.5,2134.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he's kind of the underdog in the modern world system, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2134.39,2139.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, do you all, also, because of your experiences here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2139.63,2143.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"knowing people that are farmers or being farmers yourself,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2143.77,2146.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"also realize the patriarchal dimension of it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2146.69,2149.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or do you think that I'm exaggerating that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2149.63,2151.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, I, I really like to hear something from you all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2151.52,2153.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I don't hear many comments about this, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2153.73,2157.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e What do you think, in answer to that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2158.175,2161.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what do you think about the notion that agriculture -","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2161.603,2163.431"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(inaudible)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2163.431,2165.764"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(inaudible)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2170.999,2173.332"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e Well being a Marxist, I always think","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2178.93,2180.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that exploitation is located","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2180.98,2182.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within a set of social relations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2182.99,2185.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So if those social relations were changed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2185.29,2187.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that need not be true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2187.32,2189.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, and as a feminist, I don't believe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2189.69,2192.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that gender exploitation is inevitable, right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2192.11,2195.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, no, I wouldn't, I wouldn't agree with that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2195.54,2198.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But let me ask you a question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2201.018,2202.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you think that my characterization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2202.63,2205.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of gender inequality is true","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2205.25,2208.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the family farms you know about here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2208.07,2211.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And is anything being done about that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2213.53,2215.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do rural women themselves see it as a gender issue or not?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2216.78,2221.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't care, I'm not picking on you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2223.287,2225.087"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e I was born and raised on an Iowa farm,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2226.169,2228.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I don't think it's a big issue here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2228.52,2231.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I should say that, just for my own family,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2234.12,2237.396"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my mom's not too dissatisfied.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2237.396,2239.896"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She keeps the books","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2241.827,2243.052"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and raised me and my little sisters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2243.052,2246.669"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, you know, I don't really wants to be out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2246.669,2248.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"scraping manure with my dad, you know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2248.47,2251.637"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, let me ask you this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2254.02,2255.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because, reading about many women on modern family farms,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2255.01,2260.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"yeah, a lot of them aren't wanting to do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2261.54,2263.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that type of work that you just mentioned, right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2263.51,2266.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, are they excluded from some major productive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2266.12,2270.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and marketing decisions for instance, or not?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2270.93,2273.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Who makes the decisions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2275.41,2276.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e I would say yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2276.59,2278.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can only relate my own family's experience.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2279.378,2282.072"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e And you would say yes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2282.072,2283.221"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is that what you said?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2283.221,2284.054"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll let other people talk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2285.24,2286.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e Some of the research would indicate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2287.887,2291.321"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(inaudible)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2291.321,2292.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e That's what I've seen too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2292.44,2294.532"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e Very traditional,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2294.532,2295.606"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the major production (inaudible).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2295.606,2299.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e Which makes the woman structurally","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2304.14,2306.792"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"more economic dependent, economically dependent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2306.792,2308.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So if, I know this is a more family oriented place but,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2308.55,2311.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you also have a divorce rate here of about 25%,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2311.89,2314.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"am I right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2314.58,2315.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So in divorce situations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2315.71,2317.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who's gonna be in a more problematic situation?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2317.9,2321.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I guess, let me come back to you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2324.23,2327.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is your mother's lack of,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2327.13,2329.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kind of, she's not unhappy with the situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2332.12,2334.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is that an issue of false consciousness","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2334.98,2337.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or is that just the reality that the situation is fine?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2337.61,2341.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In your view?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2342.85,2343.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e Ah -","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2345.328,2347.661"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e Would you want to be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2349.06,2349.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in your mother's position or your father's?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2349.893,2351.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e I guess I'd have to say my father's.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2356.917,2361.845"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My father's always said my mother could start her career","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2361.845,2365.752"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and get a job and go back to school, that's fine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2365.752,2370.541"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But she feels like she's more valuable (inaudible).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2370.541,2375.541"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e I think, I think that is valuable work, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2380.147,2382.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's just not paid work, that's all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2382.94,2384.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it is valuable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2384.47,2386.218"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2386.218,2387.821"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll take you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2387.821,2389.128"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e One issue that comes up in this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2389.128,2393.378"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(inaudible) in many farm families, if there's anyone","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2395.498,2399.572"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who works off the farm in a wage environment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2399.572,2403.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it would be fair to say that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2403.047,2405.069"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's much more likely to be the wife alone","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2405.069,2408.517"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than it is to be the man (inaudible)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2408.517,2411.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And to the extent, as you were trying to make","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2411.68,2414.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"those distinctions in the traditional sector","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2414.67,2416.249"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in traditional economic relationships","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2416.249,2418.448"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which happens also (inaudible).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2418.448,2422.588"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The only person, or the most likely person","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2422.588,2425.694"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the producing traditional end of the family farm,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2425.694,2428.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"most likely the person to step outside","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2428.98,2431.027"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that whole sector is, in fact, the mother.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2431.027,2433.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay, well, let me ask you this though.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2433.41,2435.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When she steps outside that sector,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2435.55,2438.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and let's say she has full-time employment outside,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2438.26,2440.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"does she'd come home and also","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2440.66,2441.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do the housework and childcare?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2441.76,2443.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or does the man really share equally in that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2443.75,2447.822"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e I wouldn't say that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2447.822,2449.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they're likely to do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2449.013,2450.405"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it's more likely the father or the children,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2450.405,2452.037"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"oldest children to do that, to do it that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2452.037,2454.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Older daughters especially.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2454.02,2456.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e Another question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2456.76,2457.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when she's employed outside the home,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2457.69,2460.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is she employed in traditionally sex segregated occupations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2460.53,2465.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are relatively low pay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2465.883,2467.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e All these jobs are low paid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2469.406,2471.865"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's really, when you, the level of exploitation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2471.865,2474.604"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's where, the comment came from that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2474.604,2478.008"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Whatever gender, exploitation is really just a sub plot","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2478.008,2482.186"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a much larger picture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2482.186,2483.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Systematic sectoral kind of exploitation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2483.783,2487.146"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which gender is some kind of a very minor part.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2487.146,2491.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, my point I guess-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2493.163,2495.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e Are you saying, regional or class, there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2496.09,2498.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e I would say rural,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2499.568,2501.298"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"regional in a rural sense.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2501.298,2504.094"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(inaudible)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2504.094,2506.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Susan:\u003c/strong\u003e Do other people concur with him?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2506.21,2508.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e I would say, (inaudible)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=2511.219,2516.219"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25500/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/500/original/AV203854_Nature_a.vtt?1620308337","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/500/original/AV203854_Nature_a.vtt?1620308337"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25501","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203854_Nature_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377/transcript/25501/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- [Tony] She's written lots of articles, they've been incredibly influential and has really made a tremendous contribution to Marxism in rural sociology. While she was just a graduate student, she wrote an article with James Dickinson which has been tremendously influential, started off a whole series of debates within Marxist Rural Sociology. It was an article about what makes the agricultural sector such a unique sector from capitalist development. While development in agriculture does not seem to follow the pattern that development in other sectors follows, and it stimulated a whole debate. And in fact, she has something that I'm very jealous of, she has a thesis named after her. It's called the Mann Dickinson Thesis. And I think that's a great accomplishment, right, to have your own thesis. But anyway, she's gone on from that to write lots of other articles. She's interested now in topics like share cropping in the south. She's finished a book entitled Prairie Capitalism in Theory and Practice that will be coming out soon, and we're very fortunate to have her speaking to us tonight on the topic of Nature, Patriarchy and Agriculture an analysis of non lineage .\r\n\r\n- [Susan] When Mahatma Gandhi was once asked what he thought about Western civilization, he paused and replied that he thought it would be a very good idea. This response was especially provocative in the context of a world system marked by uneven and unequal development. Where civilization was often equated simply with technological superiority, and where the survival and revival of traditional farms of production was an integral part of the global system of production and exchange. This issue of the survival and revival of traditional forms of production has been a major issue that I've been writing on for a number of years now. And I want to make very clear what I mean by this. By traditional, I simply mean forms of production that have failed to adopt certain key features of industrial development. Things like the separation of industry from the household, the development of a highly specialized division of labor, and the replacement of personal patrimonial and familial relationships with impersonal wage contracts. Now historically, theories of modernization and development, whether they've been left wing, right wing or center, have all subscribed to such a view of the industrialization process. Hence writers as diverse as Carl Marx, Max Weber, or Emile Durkheim have shared this view of industrial capitalism. Yet while traditional forms of production are more evident in the third world, I have focused on such traditional forms in our own backyard. Namely the family labor farms of American agriculture. For many people, American agriculture seems quite modern because of its high level of technology and productivity. However, the social organization of American farms remains quite traditional. In turn, in recent years, American agriculture has experienced what might even be considered backward development, where wage labor, capital relationships have been replaced by more traditional farms of production, like modern farms of sharecropping. As some of you know, James Dickinson and I wrote a thesis about 10 years ago where we tried to explain some of these anomalies by pointing to a whole series of natural obstacles to capitalist development. Our work was based on some of Marx's writings in Volume Two of Capital, writings which actually have been overlooked by both Marxists and non Marxist theorists. Without belaboring our old thesis, 'cause it is about a decade old right now, I would like to point out just a few of these natural obstacles for those of you who are not familiar with our thesis. For example, if you consider industrial capitalist development, one of the major routes by which industrial capitalists have been competitively successful is to specialize in production. In agriculture, specialization is much more difficult. On the one hand, in field crop production, very simply, if you overspecialize, you can ruin the soil or erode the soil. This is not true in industrial production where specialization will lead to some kind of erosion of productive factors. Similarly, in farming, if you specialize, machinery can lie idle while seeds are maturing in the earth, what Marx called the excessive gap between production time and labor time in many spheres of agriculture that arise from the seasonal nature of agricultural production. Similarly, if labor lies idle during the excess of production time, over labor time, this can lead to very serious labor problems and recruitment problems for labor. I'm arguing here that these types of problems have made the wage labor force in agriculture have a very different complexion from that and industry. And my choice of the term complexion here is not accidental. Indeed, it appears that where capitalist agriculture has developed the most fully, it has relied on a marginalized wage labor force that is vulnerable to inequalities arising from ethnicity, citizenship status, and gender. A labor force that is not at all typical of the primary labor force in the industrial sphere. Yet, while these non-permanent, marginalized farm workers constitute the majority of American rural wage laborers, the majority of hours of hard labor are provided by wage workers who are employed on a more permanent basis. The vast majority of these permanent white male wage laborers do not, however, appear on the most fully developed capitalist farms, but on farms that have come to be called larger than family farms, because they're a bit peculiar. They're family owned, family managed, and they only hire on average about eight workers. What I'm suggesting here is that these significant differences between the characteristics of the wage labor force in agriculture, as compared to industry, again draw our attention to the peculiar natural rhythms of rural production, which result in much sharper peaks and gluts in the cycle of labor demand. Indeed, that the rural wage labor force presents a caricature or a mirror image of the industrial wage labor force, exemplifies the difficulties of duplicating the requirements of capitalist production in a sector of production like agriculture that's centered in nature. Now, we also argued that a lot of the efforts in both private and public research agencies were devoted to trying to reduce these natural impediments to agricultural development so that these impediments are really only historically specific to certain time periods. Indeed, if you look at the petrochemical and green revolutions of the post second world war era, and the current advances in biotechnology, they are attacking the natural foundations of agriculture in a totally different manner from earlier mechanization. Mechanization only dealt with the external features of agricultural production, where these new technologies actually modify plants and animals internally, transforming their intrinsic characteristics, like their productive or growth capacities, their gestation or maturation periods and their ability to hold nitrogen or to resist frost and insects. These new technologies also pretend the possibility of the actual end of agriculture with the possibility of industrially produced substitutes replacing many agricultural commodities or the inputs that go into them. Since these new methodologies have much more serious implications for agriculture, it's possible that we're only now witnessing agriculture's industrial revolution. Now, we argued that until this type of control over nature occurs, the modern agricultural landscapes of even your most developed societies will continue to be characterized by wage and non wage labor. Moreover, because the advances in science and technology that will be directed towards conquering these natural obstacles are likely to take place in the developed societies, that's probably going to lead to even a grosser inequality between the underdeveloped world and the developed world. I also want you to think about the fact that this view of the relationship between nature and society is viewing nature primarily as an object of human domination to be worked upon, shaped or transformed into commodities. Correspondingly, progress here is viewed as the domination or subjugation of nature or else, the liberation from nature and its constraints. In all of these cases, nature is viewed as antithetical rather than integral to society. I frankly think it's also true that this type of view of nature as an object or solely an object of human domination is present in a lot of Marxism, particularly the more economic determinist versions of Marxism. Consequently, because of the ecological crisis faced by many modern societies, I think this is gonna call for a totally different view of the relationship between nature and society. People not only live off nature, but they live in nature. As Moltmann says, \"Nature is the home of the human race.\" Consequently, I think we're gonna need a new conception of the relationship between nature and society. And I think Marxism also has to reevaluate how it has looked at nature in the past. I also kind of question, since this is socialist week, what some of these natural obstacles might mean for socialist societies. For instance, I'm well aware that socialism is not governed by profit or market determinations in the same way that capitalism is. But nevertheless, even if you use political decisions to determine, for instance, the price of bread and keep it low, regardless of how efficient wheat production is, you're still going to have to subsidize that area of the economy from another area of the economy. Also, socialist societies clearly produce many commodities for a world market, so they also cannot be completely oblivious to market determinations or to issues of efficiency and productivity. The question I'm raising here is whether or not people that have advocated collective farming, I myself have only read the debates in the Soviet Union in the 1920s about collective farming, but in reading them, it becomes clear that collective farming was not simply being introduced as a way to reduce social inequalities, but also because of many of the advocates of collective farming thought that these collective farms would be more efficient and the large scale would help them make better use of machinery and labor then would, say, the peasant agriculture that existed at the time. Consequently, I'm asking whether some of the arguments about the superiority of collectivized farms, don't in fact mirror some of the arguments made about the superiority of capitalist enterprise, namely in terms of saying large scale factory like production is the most efficient way to go. And frankly, I think if the advocates of collective farming had read Marx's Volume Two of Capital a little bit more closely, they would have paid attention to some of his warnings there about the peculiar nature of agriculture. And maybe realize that perhaps in this anomaly of this survival of traditional forms of production in both underdeveloped and advanced societies. One type of theory I'm going to call micro level kind of subjectiveist, and a lot of people call it a populous theory. These are theories that tend to argue that family labor farms have some kind of internal logic or set of characteristics that make them able to successfully compete against large scale capitalist enterprise. Most often the central thing they focus on here is what is called self exploitation, or the fact that farmers, because of their intrinsic interest in land ownership or self-employment, or being their own boss, are willing to work excessively long hours, pay exorbitantly high land prices or rents or so forth and so on. I'm not denying that this might not be true, what I'm denying is that it's a very good explanation for the survival of family labor enterprises. Quite simply, one could ask if these internal characteristics were so important, why weren't they able to keep family labor enterprises in the non-farm economy, in the industrial sector, alive? In other words, why do these family labor enterprises only seem to exist in any major numbers in agriculture? That's a very simple critique. Another thing that bothers me a lot about this is that the self exploitation is often romanticized and viewed very much as a virtue. In fact, I think it is a euphemism that covers up patriarchal control over women and children's labor. And I've been doing a lot of work, as Tony said, on Southern sharecropping. And I've, I guess, collected a lot of evidence to show that these sharecropping units were quite patriarchal. Let me just give you a few examples here to illustrate this. First, male croppers controlled farm income and property, regardless of the contribution of other family members. Second, cropper's contracts actually included written agreements where the male father or husband would agree to control and discipline his family's labor. Third, while employers or landowners were not allowed to use the lash on emancipated labor, husbands and fathers could legally punish and discipline their wives and children physically. And there's a lot of evidence that this took place. Fourth, women generally worked much longer hours than men on these sharecropping units. Particularly in poor sharecropping households where women would work alongside the men in the fields and then do the housework and childcare throughout the rest of the day. Fifth, and I think you find this a lot, that while women would take on traditionally male tasks, men seldom took on traditionally female tasks. Now, I was looking at 19th century sharecropping after the Civil War, but I've also looked at some of the farm data from the 1980 farm survey of farm women, and a lot of these same things are still true. So I think we should take this quite seriously in terms of reevaluating this notion of self exploitation. Many historians have tended to gloss over this emphasizing instead the complementarity of roles. Another feminist issue that disturbs me in this whole debate, and I don't know how many of you were aware of this, but if I look at the analysis of non wage labor in agriculture, I see a lot of sociologists, historians and economists reinventing the wheel in some senses. Dealing with old debates and so forth and so on. But they have completely ignored a vast body of feminist literature written in the late sixties and early seventies that dealt with the non wage labor that goes on daily in our households, housework and childcare. I mean, there is a feminist and a Marxist literature there that's almost completely overlooked. And, I'm trying to argue here that the very fact that they've ignored nature and women's work is related. On a very simplistic level, it's clear that women have been much more closely identified with nature than men in terms of some kind of biological destiny or anatomical destiny to their roles. Perhaps more importantly than that kind of crude, kind of sexist analysis of gender roles, is the fact that I think both nature and women's work has falsely been viewed as non-economic. And I think that's something we have to change and turn around. While these micro level theories ignore gender and age issues, the macro structural theories that I'm gonna talk about right now often leave out the implications of class struggle for the survival of traditional farms of production, even though many of these macro theories claim to have Marxist roots. I'm referring here to agrarian theories derived from dependency theory, world system theory, and from analysis of contradictory class locations by writers like Erik Olin Wright. In my view, all of these theories seem to essentially erase the distinctions between wage and non wage labor, between capitalist production and symbol commodity production, between exploitation for markets and exploitation at the point of production, and even the distinctions between agriculture and industry themselves. I don't know how many of you are familiar with a new book, which is actually superb, it's called The First Seed by Jack Kloppenburg. Do any of you know that book? It came out last year. And, while this book is superb, he does do this kind of, what I call errant erasures, in his book. Let me give you an example of this. One way in which he completely obliterates the distinction between agriculture and industry, and this is very common and probably some of you out there even agree with this, is that he wants to extend what agriculture means beyond the farm gate to include agribusiness, such as Cargill international harvester. And even institutions that intersect with the farm economy, like say, Citibank. These non-farm industries he views as exploiting farmers through interest on debts, through marketing contracts and through control over farm inputs and decisions, even if these farmers still control their property, their farm, the commodities they produce and engage in wage in and use family labor. As such, industry and agriculture become one and industry subsumes agriculture. This obscures a number of important class differences between these forms of production, And I want to use some examples from modern day sharecropping and modern day contract farming to illustrate this. For instance, if you were to argue as these, at least ostensibly neo-Marxist theories do, that indebted farmers, contract farmers and modern sharecroppers are simply new farms of proletariat who work at home, that their ownership of property, that their reliance on family labor is unimportant, then actually, it would make absolutely no sense at all for a capitalist enterprise to switch from wage labor to say, modern sharecropping. I mean, why should they bother if the two forms are identical? They're both proletariat. In contrast, I'm trying to argue that there's structural, there's political and there's ideological differences between these forms of production that make this type of backward development make a lot of sense. Let me give you a few examples here. If these people are heavy commodity producers, instead of wage laborers, then they cannot claim certain benefits that are legally recognized to be part of the wage labor capital relationship, such as worker's compensation or unemployment insurance or those types of benefits going with many wage packages. On the other hand, if there's any kind of social or natural risk associated with production, that risk is going to fall legally in the hands of people that can have control over the commodities they produce. For instance, if there was a drought or a flood, a wage laborer could still demand payment for the labor he or she did up until the time of that drought or flood. And they also would have no liability for any crop risk. By contrast, if you have legal control over the commodities produced, then you have to subsume that liability or risk. Both of these reasons for shifting from wage labor to non wage labor revolve around the legal implications of certain productive relations, and hence, point to the need for a much more extensive analysis of what kind of role the state plays in enforcing property rights or the rights of wage labor in a given time and place. This makes this an historical and empirical question that is needed, or a historical empirical analysis is needed to shed light on these different forms of production. In addition, I would argue that there is always the potential that there would more likely be an alliance of petty commodity producers with large capitalists then wage laborers with large capitalists. And let me give you an example here. If you were to ask the question, what side would a sharecropper or a contract farmer likely to take if the Teamsters Union decided to strike rather than to deliver farm commodities to market? Which side would you find these social classes falling on wage, labor or capital? It's these kind of questions that I think point to the real structural, political and ideological difference between these forms of production. In many cases, I have been accused and others have been accused that when you want to argue about whether this is capitalist or non-capitalist, is a contract farm or a proletariat, or is he a family labor, farmer family labor, that you're simply engaging in academics, wobbles or semantical debates. I do not think this is true. I think what you're actually trying to get at are the political implications for class struggle of these different forms. What side are they gonna take in a particular political crises, or what rights and privileges do they have under the state system at a particular point in time? Another thing that is slightly interesting about these neo-Marxist theories, like dependency theory or world system theory, is that it arose initially to combat unilinear modernization theories of writers like Talcott Parsons in sociology or WW Rostow in economics. But if you really think about it, in fact, these neo-Marxist theories actually present themselves a unilinear view of development, where it appears as if capitalism is invincible. It's easily spreading across the globe, including more and more forms of production in kind of its web of exploitative relationships. It also appears that capitalism is easily moving towards greater and greater vertical integration using the non-farm economy of the farm economy. In contrast, I'm trying to argue that, in fact, backward and uneven development does exist. This unilinear view is in fact, a distortion. And backward and uneven development exists precisely because nature, because patriarchy and because class struggles present many natural and social obstacles to the universality of capitalist relations on a global scale. I would also argue, that because Marxism and feminism have been so late to enter these theoretical debates, that it remains one of the tragic ironies of the history of American rural sociology that its own ideological biases are in part responsible for the under-development of an adequate theory of the very phenomena this field has held to be sacred and immutable. Persistence of the family labor farm. Thank you. Do I have time now for questions? Does anybody have any questions?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] What do you see is making these farm laborers seem, why are they satisfied and why hasn't there been a movement .\r\n\r\n- [Susan] A movement of, did you say of women?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] What is making - Why are they satisfied? Why are they the ones working so hard and not getting enough rewards back. Why are they satisfied with that?\r\n\r\n- [Susan] Oh, like I said before, I do think there's truth in the fact that the lure of land ownership, of self-employment is a very strong one. I believe that they are reacting to that. I don't think that's a myth. What I'm trying to argue in contrast is that their wishes and desires are not what keep them there. That in fact, capitalism is the dominant mode of production. But it's only because capitalism can't conquer that sphere, that it can't produce goods at a lower price than these family farmers working at these rather levels of drudgery, I guess you could say, right? That it's because capitalism can't do it,that's the problem, it's the natural and social obstacles there. It's not the family farmer's desire or wish or their labor. Otherwise, the family farmers in industry could have been as strong and standing up to capital. In other words, you'd have to explain to me the reverse, how come the ones in industry didn't stay, right? So, it's not that they aren't doing that. I think they are. It's that I don't think that's the key to understanding the development or lack of development, whatever you want to call it.\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] What third world countries have you looked at? Have you looked at any specific country?\r\n\r\n- [Susan] No, almost all of my work, I mean, I've read a lot on the writings on third world countries. Almost all of my work has been on American agriculture. And I tended to look at the period after the Civil War with sharecropping and ups through the 1930s. So, it's mainly been American agriculture. Yeah.\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] Human theory seems to get asked some of the debates that go in the mid west here, whether or not we're going to become like California as far as the industrialization involved in farms in this part of the country. And I think from what you're saying, you kind of think the capital in the mid west has some of the most major technological changes whereas we don't have . I mean, corporate farms like in California. So obviously we could grow corn and soy beans and dairy cows and the kind of structure with nature we held.\r\n\r\n- [Susan] I think that's, I mean, I think that's largely what I'm saying actually, that the type of commodities that you grow here that are your major commodities, tend to be field crops that are very difficult to, right at this point in history anyway, subordinate to the requirements of capitalist production. It's possible that these changes in biotechnology are gonna make a difference, but some writers are arguing that some of the changes are gonna actually boost the grain/meat fulcrum of American agriculture and others are gonna undermine it. That there's going to be contradictory movements there. But yeah, I'm saying pretty much what you, how you summarized it.\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] I've read theories saying, you know, people worrying about corporate industrial farms in Iowa that are really, capital, industrialized to that at this point.\r\n\r\n- [Susan] Well I think people are obviously being driven out by problems of debt and things like that. I can't, I mean, that's one form, that's a form of finance capital. But no, in terms of corporate farming of a factory in the fields type of view, no I don't. Do you see something different since you're closer to it on a grassroots level?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] No, I grew up here, I don't think, I don't think that there's enough theoretical background to support that. It's a reality here that and the data shows that it isn't happening, like people came here ten years ago, and they're, it just hasn't happened. So I think you're right, and I don't think there's enough people who understand what you're saying who do that kind of analysis which is why it's not . Farm fields, it's not going to, you know, evolve to be like California farms .\r\n\r\n- [Susan] That's kind of what I'm working. You had a question I think?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] Mine was exactly the same.\r\n\r\n- [Susan] Did you have a question?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] Along those same lines, so this is, I guess kind of a different set of data, kind of throw in to the same question here. With respect to land tenancy arrangements in the mid west at this time, the trend has been in the last, for 10, 20, 30 years, for farmers to incorporate a mix of owned land as well as rented land. And the means of exchange on those rental properties has been, in the past at least, almost exclusively a tax of financial nature. There's been some work done in the last 10 years showing that there are at least some tendencies, some pressures to force some of those land rental agreements back into a commodity in line with a sharecropper kind of a situation.\r\n\r\n- [Susan] There has, I didn't know that.\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] How far it goes and what are the conditions that are that are pushing it in that direction are anybody's guess, but I'd be curious to know how you feel about what that says in respect of what you're saying.\r\n\r\n- [Susan] That's curious, I'm kind of surprised at that 'cause the places it seems to have been happening where you actually moved to a modern form of sharecropping has been in more intensive types of production, like strawberry production. And I call it ex-capitalist sharecropping because it's moved from wage labor to share cropping, which is not what you're talking about at all. It's moving from petty commodity production of various weird rent relationships.\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] Has a lot to do with it .\r\n\r\n- [Susan] See, and the reason they moved in these other areas to this traditional sharecropping form was because of fear of unionization in many cases. And you don't have that same set of characteristics here. So I would find it very interesting what you're saying, but I'm not quite sure I would understand why it would be taking that particular form myself. I'm curious with you all, like, I feel often when I say some of these things about women's issues, like gender issues, that I'm talking to a brick wall. And I wanna ask you all because there is a preponderance of men in this room tonight. Like this view of the family farmer, kind of virtuously sweating away to keep his farm, right, against the onslaught of capital, I think is a romantic view that we hold and we kind of hold dearly because he's kind of the underdog in the modern world system, right? But, do you all, also, because of your experiences here, knowing people that are farmers or being farmers yourself, also realize the patriarchal dimension of it, or do you think that I'm exaggerating that? I mean, I, I really like to hear something from you all because I don't hear many comments about this, yeah.\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] What do you think, in answer to that, what do you think about the notion that agriculture -\r\n\r\n- [Susan] Well being a Marxist, I always think that exploitation is located within a set of social relations. So if those social relations were changed, that need not be true. So, and as a feminist, I don't believe that gender exploitation is inevitable, right. So, no, I wouldn't, I wouldn't agree with that. But let me ask you a question. Do you think that my characterization of gender inequality is true on the family farms you know about here? And is anything being done about that? Do rural women themselves see it as a gender issue or not? I don't care, I'm not picking on you.\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] I was born and raised on an Iowa farm, and I don't think it's a big issue here. I should say that, just for my own family, my mom's not too dissatisfied. She keeps the books and raised me and my little sisters. But, you know, I don't really wants to be out scraping manure with my dad, you know.\r\n\r\n- [Susan] Well, let me ask you this because, reading about many women on modern family farms, yeah, a lot of them aren't wanting to do that type of work that you just mentioned, right. But, are they excluded from some major productive and marketing decisions for instance, or not? Who makes the decisions?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] I would say yes. I can only relate my own family's experience.\r\n\r\n- [Susan] And you would say yes? Is that what you said? I'll let other people talk.\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] Some of the research would indicate\r\n\r\n- [Susan] That's what I've seen too.\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] Very traditional, the major production .\r\n\r\n- [Susan] Which makes the woman structurally more economic dependent, economically dependent. So if, I know this is a more family oriented place but, you also have a divorce rate here of about 25%, am I right? So in divorce situations, who's gonna be in a more problematic situation? But I guess, let me come back to you. Is your mother's lack of, kind of, she's not unhappy with the situation. Is that an issue of false consciousness or is that just the reality that the situation is fine? In your view?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] Ah -\r\n\r\n- [Susan] Would you want to be in your mother's position or your father's?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] I guess I'd have to say my father's. My father's always said my mother could start her career and get a job and go back to school, that's fine. But she feels like she's more valuable .\r\n\r\n- [Susan] I think, I think that is valuable work, yes. It's just not paid work, that's all. I think it is valuable. Yeah. I'll take you.\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] One issue that comes up in this in many farm families, if there's anyone who works off the farm in a wage environment, I think it would be fair to say that it's much more likely to be the wife alone than it is to be the man And to the extent, as you were trying to make those distinctions in the traditional sector in traditional economic relationships which happens also . The only person, or the most likely person in the producing traditional end of the family farm, most likely the person to step outside that whole sector is, in fact, the mother.\r\n\r\n- [Susan] Okay, well, let me ask you this though. When she steps outside that sector, and let's say she has full-time employment outside, does she'd come home and also do the housework and childcare? Or does the man really share equally in that?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] I wouldn't say that that they're likely to do that. I think it's more likely the father or the children, oldest children to do that, to do it that way. Older daughters especially.\r\n\r\n- [Susan] Another question, when she's employed outside the home, is she employed in traditionally sex segregated occupations that are relatively low pay?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] All these jobs are low paid. That's really, when you, the level of exploitation. That's where, the comment came from that. Whatever gender, exploitation is really just a sub plot of a much larger picture. Systematic sectoral kind of exploitation which gender is some kind of a very minor part. But, my point I guess-\r\n\r\n- [Susan] Are you saying, regional or class, there?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] I would say rural, regional in a rural sense.\r\n\r\n- [Susan] Do other people concur with him?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] I would say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40676/file/112377#t=0.0,2540.43429"}]}]}]}