{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/jq0sq8r19t/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Opie, John, America's Future"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV203341 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["America's Future is an October 11, 1983 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring John Opie. John Opie discusses the history of economic development in the United States.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. 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Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Ark"]},"value":{"en":["https://n2t.net/ark:/87292/w9fn10x68"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1983-10-11"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["lectures","Sound"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Opie, John, 1934- (speaker)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1/4 inch audio cassette"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Economic history","Economic development","Industrialization"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["United States (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Committee on Lectures records (RS 8/6/53) (physical collection)","Iowa State Lectures Series (digital collection)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["America's Future is an October 11, 1983 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring John Opie. 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late","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=7.16,9.989"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to repay you for coming out tonight.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=9.989,13.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's my pleasure to introduce a good friend","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=13.55,15.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and colleague John Opie,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=15.96,18.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who is presently at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=18.99,22.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where he's been for the past.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=22.67,24.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He doesn't wanna tell us how long but it's 18 years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=24.5,27.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"17 years, 18 years, something like that, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=27.3,30.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"John's as a historian by trade.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=30.65,35.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Received his degree from University of Chicago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=35.12,38.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we won't talk about when either, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=38.15,39.901"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=39.901,41.115"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And from there, he went on to the University of Illinois","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=41.115,44.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decided that he didn't like soybeans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=44.29,47.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I haven't taken him out around the countryside","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=47.65,49.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"here yet to show him what Central Iowa looks like,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=49.39,52.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but he only stayed there two years in 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historian","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=59.68,63.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a historian of other interests,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=63.26,65.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but an avid Pittsburgh Steelers fan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=65.68,69.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was the only person I know who has four seasons tickets","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=69.92,73.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the Pittsburgh Steelers football games.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=73.65,75.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I know John because of his environmental interests.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=77.33,80.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He's the founding editor of environmental review,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=80.6,82.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is one of the foremost journals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=82.74,85.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the field of environmental studies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=85.98,88.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mainly oriented towards environmental history,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=88.32,90.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they do contain article.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=90.31,92.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It does contain articles on other subjects as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=92.31,94.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"John's gonna be talking to us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=96.4,97.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the future of the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=97.71,101.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from an historic and historians point of view.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=101.77,105.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think you're gonna maybe mention","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=105.05,106.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the word developing country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=106.37,108.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or something like that now and then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=108.56,110.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so I'll just turn it over to John","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=110.36,111.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and let's hear what he has to say, John.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=111.67,113.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Thanks, Craig.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=119.63,120.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wonder I will be showing some slides","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=120.83,123.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and is it possible to get the room lights down","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=123.55,126.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a little bit or not?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=126.14,126.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know how it works.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=126.99,128.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can also do without them if necessary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=128.31,130.534"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(Craig 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Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=156.271,157.104"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not plugged in or?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=158.95,160.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"( faint 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possibly?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=184.81,186.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sorry about these technical matters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=187.93,190.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Here.\nThat's fine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=190.1,191.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I guess I gotta focus here as well, so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=194.4,196.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Actually the talking about environmental questions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=201.82,204.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we should have somehow thrown in the name,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=204.74,206.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"James watt in the title,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=206.47,208.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it would have gotten perhaps a different response.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=209.9,213.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although between the time we would have invented the title","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=213.61,216.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and now things have changed a little bit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=216.35,220.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although I suspect not really in substance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=220.59,222.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The novelist, John Updike once wrote a poem","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=224.52,229.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which he described taking a hole","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=230.52,234.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and cultivating the soil in his backyard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=234.04,237.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he called it a simple, stupid, useful wonder.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=237.54,242.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I will have a picture of somebody","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=242.66,243.655"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hoeing here in a little bit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=243.655,245.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the heart of this talk tonight is finally about land,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=247.32,252.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which we could also call a simple, stupid, useful wonder.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=253.37,257.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And however in Iowa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=258.64,260.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it seems like bringing poles to Newcastle,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=260.05,262.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really to talk about land from an Outlander.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=262.49,265.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I also know some people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=266.85,268.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who are probably simple, stupid, useful wonders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=268.65,271.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Especially some of those hulking strapping teenagers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=272.42,275.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that come and visit my daughters, my teenage daughters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=275.33,278.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it would be mean however to speak","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=278.45,280.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of James Watt in that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=280.33,282.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know about the useful part of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=283.166,285.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I do wanna spend a little time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=287.85,290.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"talking about the United States in 1800,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=290.73,295.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which doesn't sound like too exciting a title","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=295.05,298.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but what Americans thought was going to happen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=300.31,304.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we've got some interesting outcomes out of this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=304.11,307.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A descendant of President Henry Adams","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=308.281,311.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 1890 wrote a history of the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=312.61,316.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1800 and said that this new country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=317.44,322.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a very primitive country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=323.94,326.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that actually the means for survival","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=326.31,329.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and improvement had really not changed significantly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=329.57,333.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since the fifth or sixth century AD","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=333.43,335.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as he put it since the days of the Angles and the Jutes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=335.82,338.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he said, \"Neither their houses, their clothing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=338.99,342.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their food, and drink, their agricultural tools and methods,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=342.557,346.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their stock, and other habits were so greatly altered","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=346.88,349.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or improved by time that they the Angles or Jutes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=349.88,353.871"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would have found much difficulty in accommodating","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=353.871,356.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their lives to that of their descendants","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=356.81,358.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the 18th century\" in this respect,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=358.94,361.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Henry Adams concluded, America was backward.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=361.243,364.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And more recently another historian, Curtis Nettles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=365.51,369.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said that the farmers tools in 1800,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=369.23,372.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as he put it would have been familiar in ancient Babylonia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=372.4,376.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's part of what I'm trying to show","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=376.53,378.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in some of these slides as well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=378.21,380.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that we're talking about 7,000 years of history","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=382.95,387.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what the new United 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country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=1591.75,1593.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when we looked at American history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=1593.22,1595.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We look upon our 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preoccupied","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=1616.75,1619.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the new abundance of American society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=1619.52,1623.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this abundance was 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Cooper","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=1640.74,1644.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 1784, wrote a story.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=1644.23,1647.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in it, he described what he called American 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resources","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=1668.47,1670.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even today elsewhere in the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=1670.74,1672.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A French traveler wrote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=1672.58,1674.957"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"There is no settler however poor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=1674.957,1677.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whose family does not take coffee or chocolate for 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out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2402.27,2406.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"far faster than it's being recharged","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2407.7,2409.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this part of the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2409.8,2411.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one wonders whether the country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2411.66,2415.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even could run into a kind of an overdeveloped,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2415.47,2419.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even from an American perspective.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2419.33,2422.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me just summarize in this way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2422.04,2425.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the United States has been seen as a historic model","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2425.81,2430.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for undeveloped countries in the 20th century.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2432.25,2435.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And maybe I can be corrected at, on this in some ways.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2435.52,2438.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I believe this is true","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2438.93,2440.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the United States emerges as this model.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2440.74,2443.691"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Partly, because it became an industrial nation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2443.691,2447.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with heavy industry and consumer goods.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2447.46,2450.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what I've been arguing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2450.48,2451.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that there are many factors","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2451.73,2453.601"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the American experience,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2453.601,2456.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which make it somewhat less of a model.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2456.61,2459.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of these, is certainly that we were distracted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2460.35,2465.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and delayed in industrialization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2466.38,2471.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of our focus on food production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2471.51,2475.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the existence of vast wood resources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2475.31,2477.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then tremendous amounts of available land.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2477.583,2481.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which makes one wonder whether the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2481.94,2484.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is actually a model as it should be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2484.64,2487.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for undeveloped countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2487.73,2489.698"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that these delays,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2489.698,2492.656"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"may have created however, for the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2492.656,2495.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an almost unbeatable 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notions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2503.82,2506.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of standard of living, a quality of life,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2506.43,2508.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a move from scarcity to abundance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2508.92,2510.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before we became industrialized as a nation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2510.987,2515.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that somewhere here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2515.36,2517.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there may be a cautionary tale,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2517.18,2520.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as well as an exemplary story.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2520.13,2524.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The exemplary story of course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2524.21,2525.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the industrialization that we did experience","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2525.63,2528.197"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over the last couple of hundred years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2528.197,2531.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and how this has been imitated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2531.17,2534.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in non-Western countries and the so-called third world,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2534.9,2539.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even though they are now using their own cautions on it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2540.23,2542.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the cautionary side of it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2542.69,2544.652"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"being then that we did create our own base,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2544.652,2548.341"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our own identity long before","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2548.341,2551.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this kind of development took place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2551.25,2554.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I guess the question we have to ask","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2555.08,2557.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"almost goes back to John Updike's poem,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2557.35,2560.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where does that simple, stupid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2560.37,2562.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"useful, wonder, really emerge from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2562.9,2566.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'm going to leave it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2566.78,2568.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and close with that and see if you have any questions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2568.18,2571.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I like that phrase simple, stupid, useful, wonder.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2571.233,2574.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It can apply to our food, our land, the wood, the people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2574.76,2579.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I guess we really don't want to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2581.01,2583.315"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lay that now on James watt,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2583.315,2585.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since just in the last couple of days","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2585.84,2588.858"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he's going through his own agonizing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2588.858,2593.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it certainly suits this kind of a subject","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2593.36,2596.031"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where the United States started,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2596.031,2597.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what kind of debates we ran into","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2597.9,2599.528"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and where we've come out since then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2599.528,2601.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I really open this to any questions or comments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2602.58,2606.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you might have from this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2606.37,2608.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very dedicated group of people here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2608.28,2610.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.\n(mumbles)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2613.17,2615.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e something on the duration that the quantity of water,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2620.09,2624.909"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the quality of water is deteriorating,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2624.909,2628.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do you think it's going to have an impact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2629.664,2631.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the society in the long run?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2631.493,2633.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e It's always hard to talk about water.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2633.773,2636.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I drove through Iowa last spring","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2636.65,2641.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I saw water standing in the fields, right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2641.15,2644.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I saw the corn dying because it was water logged","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2645.94,2649.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's a very changeable subject, certainly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2650.85,2655.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But at the same time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2656.56,2658.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think there's not only a realization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2659.9,2663.906"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the part of specialists or policymakers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2663.906,2667.267"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but even on the part of an American public","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2667.267,2669.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we have a resource here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2669.91,2672.674"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a real simple, stupid, wonder, useful wonder.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2672.674,2676.585"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That we've taken for granted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2676.585,2679.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and is being eroded as a resource for us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2679.02,2683.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anybody who, I don't know if anybody","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2684.112,2686.155"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"here is from say the Panhandle country of Texas in Oklahoma,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2686.155,2689.922"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where they've gone back to dry lands farming,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2689.922,2692.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the water is simply isn't there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2692.96,2695.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We are taking it away from places","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2695.14,2697.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at a rate 10 times faster than we're putting it back in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2697.26,2700.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And finally, you have to stop doing that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2700.11,2701.919"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or we're polluting it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2701.919,2703.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, in North Carolina along the coastline","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2703.92,2706.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for example, the fresh water has been pumped out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2706.66,2710.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the shoreline so much that there's now salt water","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2710.97,2713.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"20, 30, 40, 50 miles inland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2713.253,2716.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we're running into that as well as industrial pollution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2717.9,2721.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's emerging as maybe the next energy crisis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2721.84,2726.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not an energy crisis, but the next issue,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2727.18,2729.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"certainly over the next few decades.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2729.92,2732.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I see it as one of the most serious problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2732.07,2735.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we've got in,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2735.97,2736.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even when our cornfields are drowning, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2736.803,2740.809"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e So how about (mumbles),","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2740.809,2742.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was he still like an industrialist?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2742.243,2745.446"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(mumbles) he made the (mumbles)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2745.446,2746.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"inventions that were industrial.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2746.91,2748.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, in fact, it was Franklin who invented the phrase.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=2748.86,2751.71"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22748/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/748/original/AV203341_Americas_Future_a.vtt?1613498557","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/748/original/AV203341_Americas_Future_a.vtt?1613498557"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22749","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203341_Americas_Future_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741/transcript/22749/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- A small but dedicated audience. And so we're gonna try to start not too late to repay you for coming out tonight. It's my pleasure to introduce a good friend and colleague John Opie, who is presently at Duquesne University in Pittsburgh, where he's been for the past. He doesn't wanna tell us how long but it's 18 years, 17 years, 18 years, something like that, yeah. John's as a historian by trade. Received his degree from University of Chicago. And we won't talk about when either, right? And from there, he went on to the University of Illinois decided that he didn't like soybeans. I haven't taken him out around the countryside here yet to show him what Central Iowa looks like, but he only stayed there two years in Champaign-Urbana before moving on to Pittsburgh where he has become not only a world renowned environmental historian and a historian of other interests, but an avid Pittsburgh Steelers fan. He was the only person I know who has four seasons tickets to the Pittsburgh Steelers football games. I know John because of his environmental interests. He's the founding editor of environmental review, which is one of the foremost journals in the field of environmental studies. Mainly oriented towards environmental history, but they do contain article. It does contain articles on other subjects as well. John's gonna be talking to us about the future of the United States from an historic and historians point of view. And I think you're gonna maybe mention the word developing country or something like that now and then. so I'll just turn it over to John and let's hear what he has to say, John.\r\n\r\n- Thanks, Craig. I wonder I will be showing some slides and is it possible to get the room lights down a little bit or not? I don't know how it works. I can also do without them if necessary.\r\n\r\n- Don't turn them all down or I can't see what I'm doing up here. Light there a light here.\r\n\r\n- Yeah. It's not plugged in or?\r\n\r\n- I can work from what I've got here. Can we try on the light over here possibly? Sorry about these technical matters.\r\n\r\n- Here.\r\n\r\n- That's fine. And I guess I gotta focus here as well, so. Actually the talking about environmental questions, we should have somehow thrown in the name, James watt in the title, and it would have gotten perhaps a different response. Although between the time we would have invented the title and now things have changed a little bit. Although I suspect not really in substance. The novelist, John Updike once wrote a poem in which he described taking a hole and cultivating the soil in his backyard. And he called it a simple, stupid, useful wonder. I will have a picture of somebody hoeing here in a little bit. And the heart of this talk tonight is finally about land, which we could also call a simple, stupid, useful wonder. And however in Iowa, it seems like bringing poles to Newcastle, really to talk about land from an Outlander. I also know some people who are probably simple, stupid, useful wonders. Especially some of those hulking strapping teenagers that come and visit my daughters, my teenage daughters. And it would be mean however to speak of James Watt in that way. I don't know about the useful part of it. But I do wanna spend a little time talking about the United States in 1800, which doesn't sound like too exciting a title but what Americans thought was going to happen. And we've got some interesting outcomes out of this. A descendant of President Henry Adams in 1890 wrote a history of the United States. In 1800 and said that this new country was a very primitive country. And that actually the means for survival and improvement had really not changed significantly since the fifth or sixth century AD as he put it since the days of the Angles and the Jutes. And he said, \"Neither their houses, their clothing, their food, and drink, their agricultural tools and methods, their stock, and other habits were so greatly altered or improved by time that they the Angles or Jutes would have found much difficulty in accommodating their lives to that of their descendants in the 18th century\" in this respect, Henry Adams concluded, America was backward. And more recently another historian, Curtis Nettles said that the farmers tools in 1800, as he put it would have been familiar in ancient Babylonia. And that's part of what I'm trying to show in some of these slides as well, is that we're talking about 7,000 years of history and what the new United States was like was not that different from an earlier day. Some of these pictures you may even recognize from being from the Living History Farm not far from here. Adams then asked, \"where was that vaunted American progress towards a better life, that had been promised by the Founding Fathers?\" And he implied that we use Jefferson's phrase, \"Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.\" In political terms, and yet a good deal of it applies to the business end of American life. A quest for a better standard of living, a superior quality of life. And Jefferson insisted, as well as some of the other so-called Founding Fathers that a large part of human misery was not tyranny alone, but also the oppression created by poverty, by a poor living standard and a poor living condition. And it is true that Jefferson Franklin and other leaders were intensely aware more aware than we usually give them credit for. That the new society they proposed had to be grounded in material wellbeing, as well as political Liberty. And there was no doubt for example, that the declaration of independence, the revolution, and the transformation of the country through the constitution, that this was a large part a response to economic grievances. And then a few years later, by 1800 it seemed that Americans were trying to put some general and vague promises into practice. It was one thing to create a paper document. It was something else, and this was not clear in 1800 to make it work to really establish a better life. And out of this pattern perhaps emerges the first step in something which we would call the emergence or the appearance of an undeveloped country in 20th century terms but here we . We're looking upon the United States, which I suspect remains a primary model for undeveloped countries in the 20th century. This was an era of discovery for these Founding Fathers and their successors. And one of the discoveries of the age of reason, the enlightenment was a new conviction that human pain, and suffering, poverty, deprivation, were not humanity's eternal lot as people had usually believed but rather these were difficulties which societies and peoples could overcome. For most of human history certainly in the Western world human existence on earth was seen as something simply inherently miserable. And yet, by 1800 there were many who were arguing that it wasn't the human condition to simply endure your lot in life. No matter how miserable it would be but that the task of this new country was to demonstrate that ordinary daily life could be good, and rational, and orderly. For example, in 1809, the American poet, Joel Barlow insisted all things in the physical world, as well as in the moral and intellectual world are progressive in nature. And Ben Franklin spoke of the growing material improvement of American society. And he wished he could enjoy life in two or three centuries. Now I'm not certain what he would say about where things finally came out at a later point, but that was his perception that not only as had usually been argued that humanity spiritual life was to experience improvement, but also a kind of material wellbeing was part and parcel of an American identity. And in some ways, what we're talking about in 1800 is really the invention of what we would call standard of living and quality of life. These kinds of notions, that these were significant for a society's experience. And if a measure of American success was somehow a better standard of living, a superior quality of life, something else was also being realized by these Founding Fathers. And that is that the United States had far to go in 1800. And in fact, both foreign and domestic observers were Cassandra's in their projections. The post-revolutionary economy was depressed when it did not stagnate. Unlike the political fireworks of the declaration of independence and the constitution, the bill of rights, the two party system, everything we read about in our textbooks. The new United States did not explode upon the scene economically. The leadership was intensely aware of not only opportunities but especially severe material limitations of the new country in 1800. And looking backward from the late 19th century, Henry Adams said about the United States in 1800, even after two centuries of struggle, the land was still untamed, forest covered every portion except here and there a strip of cultivated soil, the minerals lay undisturbed in their rocky beds, and more than two thirds of the people clung to the seaboard within 50 miles of tide water. While all alone the wants of civilized life could be supplied. Except in political arrangement, the interior was a little more civilized than in 1750. And elsewhere, Adams also wrote, no civilized country and get them required to deal with physical difficulties so serious, nor did experience warrant conviction that such difficulties could be overcome. And then the question was, how could this new nation desperately in need of internal improvements overcome these kinds of difficulties? And it ended up in a debate, a literal public debate in publications between the so-called Jeffersonians and the Hamiltonians over the appropriate future develops of the new nation. And the question was, which could provide for the physical well-being of Americans more adequately? Agriculture or manufacturing. And an interesting and curious and surprising story really spins out of this. As early as 1774, one American, this was of course before the revolution and independence. One American Richard Wells said, the genius of America is agriculture, and for ages to come, must continue so. An extensive wilderness to the westward will long receive the gradual overflowing of population. And the manufacturer of great Britain will never meet with a formidable rival in the shape of an American farmer. And the belief was, and there were a few to contradict this, that the United States would be, would emerge as a farming country for the next several hundred years. That there was really no choice for the nation as it moved westward. That it had actually a millennium of westward movement gradually, slowly, with individual farmers moving into the wilderness and they're carving out a national identity. This had been the pace of history before this and there weren't any signals that it would be any different for the United States. One of the most indulgent and romantic writers about the American scene was a Frenchman, Hector St. John de Crevecoeur. And in 1782 in a book called, \"Letters from an American Farmer\" He created this American farmer as the first enduring, heroic American symbol. And many of you have run across probably in American Lit Surveys, his famous third letter, which is simply called, \"What is an American\" Where he sets the stage for it in kind of an idyllic rural land escape. And invents if you will for us, the romantic American farmer that either burdens us or makes us curious and we see them in Norman Rockwell pictures. We have seen him in Norman Rockwell pictures ever since. Crevecoeur contrast it, the American farmer with European peasants and said it's the American who has this kind of freedom and independence who as he puts it becomes an American. There's a kind of complimentary inventing process here. \"This great metamorphosis has a double effect,\" Crevecoeur says. It extinguishes all his European prejudices. He forgets that mechanism of subordination, that servility of disposition, which poverty has taught him. And in turn, he makes according to crevecoeur, a major contribution to society. The world is gradually settled, the hollowing swamp has converted into a pleasing metal. I don't know how many people have experienced that. And the rough ridge into a fine field. This is the surprising contrast at this point in early American history, the life of a factory worker from an American point of view, was seen as something corrupt and debased. They knew what was going on in England. They were quite aware of the Industrial Revolution in England. And the larger majority of Americans found themselves hostile towards it. Despite the opportunities for National Development. One Englishman by the name of John Dicks, visiting around Boston, warned the people of Boston by saying, cotton mills in England the very words are synonymous with misery, disease, destitution, squalor, prophapacy and crime. The buildings themselves are huge edifices, which loom like gigantic shadows in a smoky dense atmosphere. Around them are wretched houses and places of infamous resort. And blasphemies and curses are the common language of those who frequent them. And everybody noted and was aware that coal miners and iron peddlers, those who worked the vats of molten metal died young. That often they couldn't be drafted into the army. That something would happen within the factories that from this American point of view was undesirable. One of the greatest boosters of English industry, John R. Gurdy who really didn't like Americans very much, but came here and visited anyhow. Said, the present state of our manufacturing population in England ought to be a lesson and a warning to them to avoid. To the Americans, as long as possible touching the occlusive thing. They ought to be only too happy to have our hotbeds of inequity, at Manchester and Birmingham to do their dirty work for them while they revel in the free and happy life of the woodman and farmer. Now this may have been tongue in cheek because Gurdy liked the American money flowing into Britain. But Thomas Jefferson in a classic writing in 1787 titled, \"Notes on the State of Virginia\" wrote a kind of a definitive plea for an agricultural tradition in the new country. And he reflected a momentum, which was anti-industrial. At this point in our history. Jefferson said, \"Those who labor in the earth are the chosen people of God.\" Corruption and the massive cultivators is a phenomenal of which no age donation has furnished an example. Maybe that's changed in recent years, but he believed it then. While we have land to labor then, let us never wish to see our citizens occupied at a work bench or twirling a distaff. And from Jefferson's point of view, then America's strength and its history forever, as far as he was concerned, ought to stay with the independent, privately owned small family fund. And one recent historians, historian Marvin Fisher said the debate between Hamilton and Jefferson, was not so much an economic dispute he said, as a morality play. That this was a real struggle, Jefferson felt for the future virtue of the country. And then Jefferson seemed to guarantee this tradition with his 1803 purchase of the Louisiana territory which virtually doubled the size of the country. Anything to avoid the factory system was Jefferson's goal then. And he was backed up by some others, even the major classical English economist, Adam Smith observed about America. When a worker has acquired a little more stock than is necessary for carrying on his own business and supplying in the neighboring country, he does not in North America attempt to establish it and establish with it a manufacturer for more distance sale, but employs in the improvement and purchase of uncultivated land. And it seemed wherever any American then did acquire some surplus, a little extra cash. He didn't open up a shop in Boston or Philadelphia or New York, but rather hotfooted out to the countryside to buy some land. And those who supported manufacturing, found themselves on the defensive. Although they are two things really going for them. One, was the revolutionary war, which demonstrated that having your own ironsmiths, your own iron works, in the country did play a strategic role and reinforced the importance of national self-sufficiency. And then the war of 1812, reinforced this as well, but most people like Tench Coxe, who was one of the leading advocates of industrialization. Most of the advocates were pressed hard, so hard that they had to argue for some special moral virtue in a factory system. Most important though after some delay was Alexander Hamilton's 1791, a work called, Report on Manufacturers where he established it himself as a kind of a profit among proponents of industrialization for the country. And he said the employment of machinery forms an item of great importance and the general mass of the nations industry. It is an artificial force brought in aid of the natural force of man. And to all the purposes of labor is an increase of hands and excession of strength. And he argued for a kind of an entrepreneurial spirit in the country. The spirit of enterprise he said, is useful and prolific. It must be less than a nation of mere cultivators. Then in a nation of cultivators and merchants. And Hamilton thought human labor, working in the factories was superior to working on the farm. He said it was constant, not seasonal, uniform not careless, and he said especially more ingenious and hence more productive. And Hamilton argued that industrialization, and it was essential to the security and prosperity of the nation and its people. It only by having permanent surpluses and sustained growth what we would call I guess, a GMP today would some kind of material wellbeing be truly guaranteed. But most Americans believe that their national destiny, was to remain an agricultural country. And what I want to look at just very briefly is why Americans looked at it this way even though within 40 years the United States would begin to emerge as a primary industrial country. And then after the civil war and by certainly by 1900 become the primary industrial country in the world. We have to look back to 1800 and remind ourselves of a historic condition. And that is that an 1800 virtually all human beings lived in some kind of want, and poverty, and scarcity. That scarcity was humanity's habitual condition. And it's remarkable, and we tend to forget how revolutionary this was. That notions of material sufficiency, notions of abundance were fantastical beyond human comprehension. One man, one historian in 1950 has written an interpretation of American history called, \"People Plenty.\" David Potter is his name. And he argues that, the whole notion of a move from scarcity to abundance has colored and flavored the American experience as much as a democratic society. And this way there's further questions because there are those who argue that today we're moving into an era of scarcity again, and what that means for our perceptions of our society and the direction of some of our history. I'm getting behind on some of these slides here, so bear with me. There was something in the United States though, this fertile open land without cultural restraints like feudalism and self-selected settlers and ambitious people who could give the right opportunity, build a society that had not been anticipated in the past. And we could focus on three areas to understand what was happening before the United States emerged as an industrial society. Usually when we talk about the development of an undeveloped country, when we looked at American history. We look upon our wellbeing, our standard of living and quality of life in terms of an industrial society with heavy industry and consumer goods. But something went on earlier, which was quite different from the earliest day Americans, and their French and English observers, travelers from overseas were preoccupied with the new abundance of American society. And this abundance was symbolized and represented by one thing, food. The writing is incredible the way it's laid in overlaid with references to food. The American literary figure, James Fenimore Cooper in 1784, wrote a story. And in it, he described what he called American poverty. He's quoting here, the mother in the story. And she says, \"As for bread, I count that for nothing. We always have bread and potatoes enough, but I hold a family to be in a desperate way when the mother can see the bottom of the pork barrel.\" Contrast this with food resources even today elsewhere in the world. A French traveler wrote, \"There is no settler however poor, whose family does not take coffee or chocolate for breakfast and always a little salt meat. At dinner salt meat, or salt fish and eggs. At supper again, salt meat and coffee.\" Cookbooks of the day are remarkable. Not only because they tell the housewife not to go and buy two chickens but to go out and kill two chickens for dinner. Which I don't think many of us would be used to or up to, but also any menu doesn't simply suggest two filets of fish or one chicken, but put two chickens, half a ham, some beef, a variety of meats all in one stew. We must have been tremendous meat-eaters even in our earliest days. And this shows up in the travelers accounts, in pioneer accounts, and it suggests that food more than anything else symbolized where Americans were. In 1807 for example at Inn in Ohio. A traveler was said could sit down to, as it was put good coffee, roast falls, chicken pie, potatoes, bread and butter cucumbers, turnips, peas, melons, wild greens, apples, pears, cherries, and strawberries, and melons often at the same meal. And I guess this is where the phrase, \"the groaning board\" comes from. We can also tell you something about their drinking habits at that time because the water folks was not good to drink. So they covered themselves in some other ways. And it seemed though, and this was the fascination with America, as much as democratic institutions that the age old struggle to overcome, the scarcity of food had been won in America. And this, I think we have to say was as much an attraction as anything else, certainly Crevecoeur in his writing about this American, this new man reflects this fascination with food and food production. Although in 1800, still 22 years after Crevecoeur first wrote his letters, most Americans were aspiring to surpluses. But one thing they knew, and it was a psychological difference, which carried a lot of weight. They knew their struggle was not in the vain compared to the European peasant or the English villager who would repeat the struggle over and over again. And it seemed like a major contribution of this new American society was a sense of living above poverty, above simple subsistence, and that there was a vocation, a place then where this could be accomplished. Not in the industry, not in manufacturing, but on that cleared and settled land. And so it's a mistake and I guess this is one of the things that I'm really trying to develop here. It's a mistake to see the initial image of Americans transforming themselves through the factory system and industrialization and mass production, but rather that a high standard of living in a more desirable quality of life originated elsewhere. And that was on these farming settlements. To this we have to add something that surprised even the most optimistic Americans. The notion, it was the notion that surpluses could be sustained over the long run. And that an occasional good harvest, which any society might experience or a spurt and growth that might pass was not yet the human condition alone. And for habitual abundance to appear on the scene, then surprised Americans as well as rewarded them. And this standard of living that this image of American society, again, created a high measure, a high test for later industrialization. We expected more than say the French, or the Germans, or the English out of the industrialization that would appear at a later to point. A second to delaying force, if we could call this a delaying force for American industrialization. A second delaying force was an unusually long-term dependence on one resource, in this country. And that was, of all things wood. First, we talk about food as something that created an American identity. And the second, if you will, an obstacle as well as an opportunity and the South House farmer, I don't know how much the South House farmer is really a hero or not. But we have to remind ourselves as James Hall said in 1836, \"Well may ours be called a wooden country, not merely from the extent of its forests, but because in common use, wood has been substituted for a number of most necessary and common articles and wood was used in place of stone or iron, or leather.\" There were not only wooden bridges, but wooden nails and unlocks, hinges, machinery. Even the locks in canals were made of heavy beams of wood, as well as the mechanisms for them. And it meant even as the country was being industrialized, wood was still widely used in ways that would surprise us today. Wood was still used to a great extent, more than coal for firing the steam engines of locomotives and riverboats. Charcoal was used instead of coke for making iron and steel in heavy industry. And we have to add wood as this second characteristic or category for an understanding of how early Americans functioned and how an American character did he merge before the usual perception of Americans acquiring their modern identity through an industrial consumer society. A third factor, is land. And here the United States had an expanding resource. And I am going to throw a few textbook maps accurate here. As well, just as a kind of like quick mini-course in looking at what still has to be seen as a remarkable history of expansion in the country from the earliest national days of rapidly moving to the Mississippi River. And we're just going to move through these quickly here. To the Louisiana purchase was virtually double the size of the country at the price of about 15 cents an acre. As we moved across the entire country. Incidentally much has made of the land being sold for a dollar and a dollar and a quarter to $2 and 50 cents an acre throughout much of our history. But at an early day, this was a very large amount of money. Most early American pioneers had on hand, approximately a hundred dollars a year in income. To settle on a farm cost about $500. And this meant that even at what seemed to be incredibly cheap prices, many people were priced out of the market in these early days. And a turning point in American history was certainly what was called, the Land Ordinance of 1785, which created that grid system that still covers the United States. Even today, this is from about 40,000 feet over the Dakotas. And drastically changed the geography of the United States. I didn't have a geographical map of Iowa so the closest I could come is Kansas, it doesn't look like Iowa at all. And yet, here's one perception with the geography laid out of the country of Kansas, the Flint Hills, the high points country and so on. And then what this grid system did to that same geography by making land, turning it into a commodity, making your marketable, making it available to Americans and drawing them away from the possibilities of the Eastern Coast into this open country with yet the American dream being tied and associated really with land. Our history then has this third factor in it, which in some ways, one could argue delayed what we call. We could call the emergence of a modernized United States, although a good deal of this also took place at the same time that the country was being industrialized. But we also have to recognize that we have in the United States, not only a geography focused on land, but also a changing base where our resources are a moving point on a moving line. If you look at the Great Plains, as we do in this slide here from Erwin Wright's map, what settlers did not recognize as they moved in there. And they weren't aware of until the dust bowl of the 1930s was this vast body of water underneath the Plains called the Ogallala Aquifer. Which now feeds not only American society with windmills in the first of the 1930s, and then electric power in the 1930s as well, pulling water out of this region, something unknown at an earlier point and creating the plains as not only a national bread basket, but the bread basket of the world. And also, then as we can see in this map, the aquifer covering in the middle of the country, that strange kind of dinosaur shape, there. what was a region called the Great American Desert. But something that American discovered at a later point and expanded our horizons. So that we can speak of a constant and continuous development in the country with limit however, where now this water is being drained out far faster than it's being recharged in this part of the country. And one wonders whether the country even could run into a kind of an overdeveloped, even from an American perspective. Let me just summarize in this way, the United States has been seen as a historic model for undeveloped countries in the 20th century. And maybe I can be corrected at, on this in some ways. But I believe this is true the United States emerges as this model. Partly, because it became an industrial nation with heavy industry and consumer goods. But what I've been arguing is that there are many factors in the American experience, which make it somewhat less of a model. One of these, is certainly that we were distracted and delayed in industrialization because of our focus on food production, the existence of vast wood resources, and then tremendous amounts of available land. Which makes one wonder whether the United States is actually a model as it should be for undeveloped countries. And that these delays, may have created however, for the United States an almost unbeatable base for modernization, for industrialization, because we created our own notions of standard of living, a quality of life, a move from scarcity to abundance before we became industrialized as a nation. And that somewhere here, there may be a cautionary tale, as well as an exemplary story. The exemplary story of course, is the industrialization that we did experience over the last couple of hundred years and how this has been imitated in non-Western countries and the so-called third world, even though they are now using their own cautions on it. And the cautionary side of it being then that we did create our own base, our own identity long before this kind of development took place. And I guess the question we have to ask almost goes back to John Updike's poem, where does that simple, stupid, useful, wonder, really emerge from? And I'm going to leave it and close with that and see if you have any questions. I like that phrase simple, stupid, useful, wonder. It can apply to our food, our land, the wood, the people, I guess we really don't want to lay that now on James watt, since just in the last couple of days he's going through his own agonizing. But it certainly suits this kind of a subject where the United States started, what kind of debates we ran into and where we've come out since then. So I really open this to any questions or comments you might have from this very dedicated group of people here, Yes.\r\n\r\n- something on the duration that the quantity of water, and the quality of water is deteriorating, do you think it's going to have an impact on the society in the long run?\r\n\r\n- It's always hard to talk about water. I drove through Iowa last spring and I saw water standing in the fields, right. I saw the corn dying because it was water logged and it's a very changeable subject, certainly, But at the same time, and I think there's not only a realization on the part of specialists or policymakers but even on the part of an American public that we have a resource here a real simple, stupid, wonder, useful wonder. That we've taken for granted and is being eroded as a resource for us. Anybody who, I don't know if anybody here is from say the Panhandle country of Texas in Oklahoma, where they've gone back to dry lands farming, because the water is simply isn't there. We are taking it away from places at a rate 10 times faster than we're putting it back in. And finally, you have to stop doing that. Or we're polluting it. Well, in North Carolina along the coastline for example, the fresh water has been pumped out of the shoreline so much that there's now salt water 20, 30, 40, 50 miles inland. And we're running into that as well as industrial pollution. So it's emerging as maybe the next energy crisis, not an energy crisis, but the next issue, certainly over the next few decades. I see it as one of the most serious problems that we've got in, even when our cornfields are drowning, yeah.\r\n\r\n- So how about , was he still like an industrialist? he made the inventions that were industrial.\r\n\r\n- Yeah, in fact, it was Franklin who invented the phrase.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105741#t=0.0,2756.72816"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - AV203341_Americas_Future_b.mp3"]},"duration":849.94612,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/105/742/small/lecture.png?1613498560","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/105/742/original/AV203341_Americas_Future_b.mp3?1613498560","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":849.94612,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203341_Americas_Future_b.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Narrator:\u003c/strong\u003e Man is a tool-making animal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=5.365,8.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now that's a very sexist phrase these days,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=8.21,10.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but he didn't know any better.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=10.01,11.764"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, I guess he would say people are toolmaking animals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=11.764,15.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he was an inventor, but from that perspective,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=17.71,21.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"around 1800 or earlier, there was no sense","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=22.77,27.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the burdens that Americans felt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=27.799,31.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and their limited resources that they were gonna be anything","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=31.62,34.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but farmers continually marching westward.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=35.483,38.807"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What was going on in England was seen as extremely important","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=38.807,43.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when the industrial revolution got it started","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=43.41,45.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about 50 years before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=45.27,47.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But from his perspective, he didn't see the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=47.34,52.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"moving this way at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=52.1,53.267"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was only one history for the future,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=53.267,56.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as far as he could say, could see it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=56.43,58.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was the only perception he had,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=59.745,61.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and anything else was almost,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=61.88,65.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"inconceivable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=65.87,67.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now then I have to back off and say, but the surpluses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=67.76,72.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the abundance and food that was being created","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=72.16,74.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was also, inconceivable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=74.82,76.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's almost as if Franklin was saying, look,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=76.75,78.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let's deal with what we got, we can't really look","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=78.81,82.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"beyond that to some kind of industrial might in the future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=82.67,86.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Alexander Hamilton's the darling of,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=86.67,89.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the modern American industrialist,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=89.55,93.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because he really did anticipate where the country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=93.1,95.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was gonna go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=95.38,96.213"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Like you're right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=97.77,98.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was a tinkerer and inventor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=99.887,100.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and must have at least thought this up,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=102.721,105.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but he certainly didn't talk about it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=105.96,107.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and expected we'd go another way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=107.56,109.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"internally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=111.14,112.057"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I know I've talked about it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=113.07,115.659"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I don't know if I've answered your question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=115.659,116.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e (faintly speaking)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=119.047,123.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Narrator:\u003c/strong\u003e Well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=139.05,139.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If I tell you in 1800.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=141.14,143.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a nice round number.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=143.49,144.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's one of the reasons to choose it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=144.67,146.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's nothing that special,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=146.11,147.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"except that's when Jefferson became president.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=147.74,150.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"90 to 95% of the people in the country were farmers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=152.36,156.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Only 5% or 10% lived in the towns.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=159.782,163.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And only 5% of,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=163.66,165.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the population worked in what we would call,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=165.68,169.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some kind of production or manufacturing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=169.68,173.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And these would be blacksmiths, Coopers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=173.23,176.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so on people making barrels.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=176.12,178.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And from this perspective,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=182.629,185.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it would mean that everybody say in this room,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=185.22,189.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it would be assumed without him growing up on a farm,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=190.076,192.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but would have had basic farming skills.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=192.54,196.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You could handle the horses. You could slap the pigs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=197.512,201.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You could, men and women could work the fields.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=202.989,206.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You had these skills.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=207.07,209.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this was seen as a kind of a national resource,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=209.29,213.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"compared to today, of course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=213.75,215.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where 3% of the population lives on the farm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=215.11,219.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And back where I teach in Pittsburgh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=219.02,221.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if I have a class of about 30 people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=221.89,224.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I asked how many of you have ever spent any more than","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=227.039,230.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"two weeks on a farm,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=230.17,232.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll get one person on nobody raising their hands.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=232.1,236.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He'll be different. Of course, then,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=236.01,238.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then I've also asked him the question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=238.97,240.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how many of you have been West of the Mississippi river?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=242.3,243.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And maybe three people would raise their hands.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=243.87,247.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then I sat to say, Pittsburgh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=247.24,248.622"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how many have been West of Columbus, Ohio?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=248.622,251.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then maybe 10 people would raise their hands.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=251.62,254.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there isn't much of a perception on the part of most","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=255.737,259.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Americans of agriculture and rural 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country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=267.31,268.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e (faintly speaking) it is not uncommon,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=271.073,275.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that sometimes government pay the farmers not to produce,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=275.56,280.361"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some types of crops.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=280.361,281.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that (faintly speaking) will be agriculture has 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the,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=287.041,290.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"various industrial types of branches.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=290.16,293.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as the industries growing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=294.28,296.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"its inversely affecting the agriculture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=296.853,300.827"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not only by the majority of people over here from America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=300.827,305.827"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But also because of producing toxic waste.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=305.92,309.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Most of the cases centered if you know probably,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=311.463,314.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"history of the place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=314.9,316.857"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sometimes you can predict,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=316.857,318.456"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what's going to happen in the future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=318.456,320.447"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Narrator:\u003c/strong\u003e Are you from India?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=320.447,321.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=321.73,323.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Narrator:\u003c/strong\u003e Where are you from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=323.01,324.085"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e Pakistan","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=324.085,324.918"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Narrator:\u003c/strong\u003e From Pakistan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=324.918,325.869"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=325.869,326.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Narrator] My apologies. I'm sorry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=326.733,327.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The most people live in agricultural life,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=328.99,332.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Pakistan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=333.97,334.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Isn't this true? What percentage?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=334.803,336.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e From 75 to 80 percent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=337.691,340.689"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Narrator:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=340.689,341.708"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And yet the,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=341.708,342.541"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the notion of upward mobility often means leaving the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=342.541,347.541"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"village and leaving the farm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=347.79,349.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Doesn't it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=350.51,351.896"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e That's right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=351.896,352.729"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Narrator:\u003c/strong\u003e And this is what we,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=352.729,354.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"often would call modernization,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=354.26,357.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"increasing a standard of living,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=357.4,359.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and moving from the farm to the factory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=360.77,363.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I guess what I've been trying to say here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=364.61,368.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is, this happened at the United States,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=368.45,371.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but two things took place before that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=371.57,374.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First of all, it was delayed in a surprising way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=374.65,378.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then secondly, we acquired our identity as Americans,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=379.27,384.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before this took place,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=385.41,387.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Particularly with this with Jefferson's notion of Wallace,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=389.25,392.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the yeoman farmer, if you will,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=392.7,395.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the independent family farmer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=395.42,397.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And yet most textbooks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=397.72,399.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were taught and most American history courses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=399.89,402.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that our identity and our notion of American greatness,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=404.23,407.479"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you will comes out of this industrialization process.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=407.479,411.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I wonder from your point of view,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=411.15,414.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the United States seen as,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=414.1,416.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a model for a modern industrial society, more than others?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=417.95,422.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is this the way people in Pakistan look upon it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=423.74,427.161"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=427.161,428.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Narrator:\u003c/strong\u003e Because my impression is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=428.22,429.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"despite differences in governmental systems,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=430.787,432.924"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even whether a Marxist governments.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=432.924,434.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The model is still the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=434.11,436.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what I'm trying to do here is dissect that a little bit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=437.85,441.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and raise the question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=441.99,443.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Whether that model really is entirely appropriate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=444.323,447.031"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And certainly even the history of the Soviet union,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=447.031,449.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since the Russian revolution reflects this move towards","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=449.91,453.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"heavy industry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=453.15,454.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then an attempt to move to consumer goods.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=454.02,457.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And my, again,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=457.54,459.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what I'm trying to do is say something else happened here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=459.43,462.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really prior to that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=462.84,464.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the United States,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=464.843,466.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think can be treated as at one time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=466.37,469.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"certainly an undeveloped country in classic terms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=469.24,472.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although we had certain advantages with natural resources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=472.77,477.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we had immigrant population that was,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=477.05,480.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was building very rapidly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=480.55,482.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had capitalization from the outside,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=482.79,486.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially the English and the Germans helped,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=486.57,489.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"helped finance even the Midwest here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=489.29,493.224"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In terms of,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=493.224,495.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not so much as buying the land as much as supporting the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=495.32,499.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"economic system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=499.73,501.551"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we did have other advantages.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=501.551,504.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It also was a different era.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=504.42,506.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the United States I think can be treated that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=506.16,510.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it tells us some interesting things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=510.14,512.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about American history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=512.84,515.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To look at ourselves now as a developed country or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=515.09,518.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"perhaps as some would say, an overdeveloped country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=518.72,521.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then to see where we came from.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=521.99,525.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The other interesting side of this is that are countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=525.15,529.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know where the Pakistan fits in with this now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=529.07,531.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but certainly I believe Kenya and Africa where they've","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=531.55,536.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"raised the question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=536.64,537.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do we want industrialization and modernization because","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=537.59,542.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't, we lose too much in the process.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=543.376,545.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I remember a famous case in one of these,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=545.53,547.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of the countries where a steel mill was built and the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=548.726,551.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"local workers refuse to work in the steel mill because they","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=551.17,555.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said this was dehumanizing work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=555.76,558.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they went back to their villages instead and rejected","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=559.71,564.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what we would call development.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=564.47,566.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And these ways in a way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=567.0,569.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Americans were objecting this kind of development at an","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=569.9,572.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"earlier point in the first,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=572.75,574.276"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the first twenty-five years of the 19th century.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=574.276,578.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't spend too much time on the slides.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=581.84,583.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We can go back over them. (laughs)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=584.943,587.024"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I suppose, if you wanted to.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=587.024,588.661"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But we also don't need to do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=588.661,589.494"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Are there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=591.714,593.389"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Adience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e (faintly speaking) We have a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=593.389,598.389"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"similar situation in India.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=611.064,613.314"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That there are entities that also grow.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=614.273,616.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now are moving into industrialized phase.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=616.7,621.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So if you were to be invited by presidents here, or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=621.87,625.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"prime minister.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=627.472,628.722"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To recommend how they should proceed in the next ten years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=629.74,634.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What would you recommend?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=634.41,636.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(Narrator Laughs)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=636.123,637.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Narrator:\u003c/strong\u003e Like, if I really knew,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=637.28,639.872"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I could write a book on become famous and rich.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=639.872,641.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But on your point.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=644.777,646.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've been to the Soviet union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=646.48,648.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=648.5,649.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they take you to their big hydroelectric projects.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=649.35,651.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And yet it'd be more fun to go into the Ukraine,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=653.04,655.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and visit even a collective farm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=655.45,657.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I wonder if, .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=658.61,660.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know the typical Japanese or French","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=662.06,665.274"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tourist coming to this country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=665.274,667.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Who hits New York, Washington DC,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=667.1,672.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then all the way to the Grand Canyon,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=672.41,674.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Las Vegas and San Francisco.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=674.48,676.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=676.54,677.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I, I certainly seeing a caricature of this country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=679.22,682.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At one point I was really being obnoxious and came up with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=682.9,687.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for one class. They hated me for it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=688.03,689.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"21 characteristics of Americans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=691.2,694.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I hope I've got them here, but I won't do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=694.54,696.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we discovered that something like 16 of them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=697.99,702.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came from this early agricultural experience.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=702.46,707.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that only about two came from the notion of an","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=708.51,712.979"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"industrial society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=712.979,714.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Others came from religious traditions and the age of reason","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=714.88,719.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you might've met.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=719.08,719.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there is there wasn't imprinting going on here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=721.87,725.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't know what I would say to those presidents or prime","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=725.4,729.525"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ministers, except the American experiment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=729.525,734.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After only 200 years old,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=734.49,736.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's still a short lived experiment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=736.32,738.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Keep on watching it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=738.84,741.749"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"make certain you want to do the same thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=741.749,743.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I suspect isn't it true that there is a rampant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=743.9,746.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"building of steel mills and auto plants and cement plants,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=746.62,750.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in most of these countries that they pulled away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=750.57,753.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that it's one thing to be undeveloped.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=753.61,756.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And nobody knows what that means anymore.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=756.29,758.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe you want to stay that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=758.16,760.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although how do we,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=760.51,761.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anybody does everybody wants industrialization and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=761.44,764.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"modernization?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=764.79,765.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It seems, but also, that there's a heavy price,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=766.785,771.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the price is being recognized.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=771.14,772.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I know you were asking me a rhetorical question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=774.968,776.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So maybe you can answer it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=776.95,778.926"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You've been there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=778.926,780.367"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I haven't been there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=780.367,781.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e (speaking faintly)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=781.663,785.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Narrator:\u003c/strong\u003e It's better to write the book","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=785.45,787.636"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"while you're not there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=787.636,789.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, thank you very much for your dedication.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=790.91,793.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=793.843,796.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I know I'm probably like a character in an old comic strip,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=798.67,803.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a little Abner where this guy was,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=805.15,807.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"goes around with a cloud over his head and rains coming down","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=807.07,811.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because wherever I seem to go,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=811.02,812.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was bringing the rain in the cold weather and he caught it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=813.762,815.446"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=815.446,816.279"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience faintly speaking)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=816.279,818.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I guess after, well. It hasn't been that dry here too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=818.743,821.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You got to know in Pennsylvania, we are just wiped out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=821.04,823.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The reservoirs are empty there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=823.44,826.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so this is really the big thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=826.25,829.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where should I go next?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=829.423,831.212"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Audience Member:\u003c/strong\u003e We appreciate you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=831.212,834.101"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Narrator:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=834.101,834.934"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(giggles)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=834.934,835.767"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(feet rumbling)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=835.767,836.662"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thanks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=836.662,837.495"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(hands clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=837.495,840.245"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22750/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/750/original/AV203341_Americas_Future_b.vtt?1613498562","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/750/original/AV203341_Americas_Future_b.vtt?1613498562"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22751","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203341_Americas_Future_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742/transcript/22751/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- [Narrator] Man is a tool-making animal. Now that's a very sexist phrase these days, but he didn't know any better. Now, I guess he would say people are toolmaking animals. And he was an inventor, but from that perspective, around 1800 or earlier, there was no sense with the burdens that Americans felt and their limited resources that they were gonna be anything but farmers continually marching westward. What was going on in England was seen as extremely important when the industrial revolution got it started about 50 years before. But from his perspective, he didn't see the United States moving this way at all. There was only one history for the future, as far as he could say, could see it. That was the only perception he had, and anything else was almost, inconceivable. Now then I have to back off and say, but the surpluses and the abundance and food that was being created was also, inconceivable. It's almost as if Franklin was saying, look, let's deal with what we got, we can't really look beyond that to some kind of industrial might in the future. And Alexander Hamilton's the darling of, the modern American industrialist, because he really did anticipate where the country was gonna go.\r\n\r\n- Like you're right. He was a tinkerer and inventor, and must have at least thought this up, but he certainly didn't talk about it, and expected we'd go another way, internally. I know I've talked about it, but I don't know if I've answered your question.\r\n\r\n- [Narrator] Well. If I tell you in 1800. It's a nice round number. That's one of the reasons to choose it. There's nothing that special, except that's when Jefferson became president. 90 to 95% of the people in the country were farmers. Only 5% or 10% lived in the towns. And only 5% of, of the population worked in what we would call, some kind of production or manufacturing. And these would be blacksmiths, Coopers, and so on people making barrels. And from this perspective, it would mean that everybody say in this room, it would be assumed without him growing up on a farm, but would have had basic farming skills. You could handle the horses. You could slap the pigs. You could, men and women could work the fields. You had these skills. And this was seen as a kind of a national resource, compared to today, of course, where 3% of the population lives on the farm. And back where I teach in Pittsburgh, if I have a class of about 30 people, and I asked how many of you have ever spent any more than two weeks on a farm, I'll get one person on nobody raising their hands. He'll be different. Of course, then, then I've also asked him the question, how many of you have been West of the Mississippi river? And maybe three people would raise their hands. Then I sat to say, Pittsburgh, how many have been West of Columbus, Ohio? And then maybe 10 people would raise their hands. So there isn't much of a perception on the part of most Americans of agriculture and rural America. There just aren't enough people out there to have an impact on the rest of the country.\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] it is not uncommon, that sometimes government pay the farmers not to produce, some types of crops. And that will be agriculture has gone to a such a level. Now most of the people are now shifting towards the, various industrial types of branches. And as the industries growing, its inversely affecting the agriculture. Not only by the majority of people over here from America. But also because of producing toxic waste. Most of the cases centered if you know probably, history of the place. Sometimes you can predict, what's going to happen in the future.\r\n\r\n- [Narrator] Are you from India?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] No.\r\n\r\n- [Narrator] Where are you from?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] Pakistan\r\n\r\n- [Narrator] From Pakistan.\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] Yes.\r\n\r\n- Narrator] My apologies. I'm sorry. The most people live in agricultural life, in Pakistan. Isn't this true? What percentage?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] From 75 to 80 percent.\r\n\r\n- [Narrator] Yeah. And yet the, the notion of upward mobility often means leaving the village and leaving the farm. Doesn't it?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] That's right.\r\n\r\n- [Narrator] And this is what we, often would call modernization, increasing a standard of living, and moving from the farm to the factory. And I guess what I've been trying to say here, is, this happened at the United States, but two things took place before that. First of all, it was delayed in a surprising way. And then secondly, we acquired our identity as Americans, before this took place, Particularly with this with Jefferson's notion of Wallace, the yeoman farmer, if you will, the independent family farmer. And yet most textbooks, were taught and most American history courses that our identity and our notion of American greatness, if you will comes out of this industrialization process. And I wonder from your point of view, is the United States seen as, a model for a modern industrial society, more than others? Is this the way people in Pakistan look upon it?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] Yeah.\r\n\r\n- [Narrator] Because my impression is despite differences in governmental systems, even whether a Marxist governments. The model is still the United States. And what I'm trying to do here is dissect that a little bit, and raise the question. Whether that model really is entirely appropriate. And certainly even the history of the Soviet union, since the Russian revolution reflects this move towards heavy industry, and then an attempt to move to consumer goods. And my, again, what I'm trying to do is say something else happened here really prior to that. But the United States, I think can be treated as at one time, certainly an undeveloped country in classic terms. Although we had certain advantages with natural resources, we had immigrant population that was, that was building very rapidly. We had capitalization from the outside, especially the English and the Germans helped, helped finance even the Midwest here. In terms of, Not so much as buying the land as much as supporting the economic system. And we did have other advantages. It also was a different era. But the United States I think can be treated that way. And it tells us some interesting things about American history. To look at ourselves now as a developed country or perhaps as some would say, an overdeveloped country. And then to see where we came from. The other interesting side of this is that are countries. I don't know where the Pakistan fits in with this now, but certainly I believe Kenya and Africa where they've raised the question, do we want industrialization and modernization because don't, we lose too much in the process. And I remember a famous case in one of these, one of the countries where a steel mill was built and the local workers refuse to work in the steel mill because they said this was dehumanizing work. And they went back to their villages instead and rejected what we would call development. And these ways in a way, Americans were objecting this kind of development at an earlier point in the first, to the first twenty-five years of the 19th century. I didn't spend too much time on the slides. We can go back over them. I suppose, if you wanted to. But we also don't need to do that. Are there?\r\n\r\n- [Adience Member] We have a similar situation in India. That there are entities that also grow. Now are moving into industrialized phase. So if you were to be invited by presidents here, or prime minister. To recommend how they should proceed in the next ten years. What would you recommend?\r\n\r\n- [Narrator] Like, if I really knew, I could write a book on become famous and rich. But on your point. I've been to the Soviet union. And of course there, they take you to their big hydroelectric projects. And yet it'd be more fun to go into the Ukraine, and visit even a collective farm. And I wonder if, . you know the typical Japanese or French tourist coming to this country. Who hits New York, Washington DC, then all the way to the Grand Canyon, Las Vegas and San Francisco. And that's it. I, I certainly seeing a caricature of this country. At one point I was really being obnoxious and came up with for one class. They hated me for it. 21 characteristics of Americans. I hope I've got them here, but I won't do that. And we discovered that something like 16 of them, came from this early agricultural experience. And that only about two came from the notion of an industrial society. Others came from religious traditions and the age of reason you might've met. So there is there wasn't imprinting going on here. I didn't know what I would say to those presidents or prime ministers, except the American experiment. After only 200 years old, it's still a short lived experiment. Keep on watching it, make certain you want to do the same thing. But I suspect isn't it true that there is a rampant building of steel mills and auto plants and cement plants, in most of these countries that they pulled away. And that it's one thing to be undeveloped. And nobody knows what that means anymore. Maybe you want to stay that way. Although how do we, anybody does everybody wants industrialization and modernization? It seems, but also, that there's a heavy price, and the price is being recognized. So I know you were asking me a rhetorical question. So maybe you can answer it. You've been there. I haven't been there.\r\n\r\n- [Narrator] It's better to write the book while you're not there. Well, thank you very much for your dedication. I know I'm probably like a character in an old comic strip, a little Abner where this guy was, goes around with a cloud over his head and rains coming down because wherever I seem to go, I was bringing the rain in the cold weather and he caught it today. I guess after, well. It hasn't been that dry here too. You got to know in Pennsylvania, we are just wiped out. The reservoirs are empty there. And so this is really the big thing. Where should I go next?\r\n\r\n- [Audience Member] We appreciate you.\r\n\r\n- [Narrator] Okay. Thanks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36625/file/105742#t=0.0,849.94612"}]}]}]}