{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/jm23b5wz8n/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Hunter, David G., Priestly Celibacy in the Catholic Church"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Priestly Celibacy in the Catholic Church: Its Origins, History and Future. Iowa State University Lecture Series (RS 8/6/53). Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["There are no restrictions on access. (access)","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. 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faculty","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=21.6,23.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and doing research in that area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=23.85,25.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although you probably don't know that I do that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=25.72,27.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cause my name doesn't appear on the forms that get signed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=27.44,30.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tonight we're very honored","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=33.06,34.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be able to hear from Dr. Hunter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=34.22,36.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Hunter has occupied","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=38.97,40.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Monsignor James Supple Chair of Catholic Studies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=40.8,44.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at Iowa State University for the past five 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university","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=71.25,74.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it seems to be turning out that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=74.29,76.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Prior to coming to Iowa 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University","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=86.92,89.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of St. Thomas in Saint Paul, Minnesota.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=89.33,92.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He received an undergraduate and a master's degree in 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Christianity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=118.03,120.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and his special interest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=120.69,122.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and his special focus in his research and writing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=122.13,124.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been in the traditions of marriage and celibacy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=124.97,129.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this evening we welcome him to speak","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=129.18,131.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the topic of priestly celibacy in the Catholic Church,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=131.66,135.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"its origins, its history","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=135.4,138.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and its future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=138.52,140.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Hunter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=140.96,141.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience applauding)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=141.87,145.037"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=148.058,149.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you, Father Ev, and thank you all for coming tonight","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=149.0,153.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I know it's getting towards the end of the semester","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=153.19,155.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's a very tiring time, especially for students,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=155.5,159.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so it's good to see so many of you here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=159.63,162.008"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before I get started,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=162.008,163.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I want to just 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given","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=167.38,170.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without the physical presence of Monsignor Supple himself,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=174.915,179.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I think many","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=179.79,180.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of you know Monsignor Saint James Supple died last August","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=180.8,185.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so I just wanted to recall him","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=186.61,189.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and, you know, remind everyone of his presence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=189.35,193.677"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I certainly know it's the case","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=193.677,196.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I wouldn't be here if it were not for him","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=196.02,199.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think it's the case that many of you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=199.93,202.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who would not be here if it were not for Father Supple,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=202.86,205.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so to mention that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=207.22,209.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, it's a big topic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=210.67,213.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Priestly celibacy in the Catholic Church,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=213.08,216.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially origins, history and future","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=216.07,220.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just to cover everything","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=220.44,222.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, if I were to actually just speak in detail","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=222.3,224.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about all of these things,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=224.7,226.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we would be here a very, very long time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=226.97,230.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I might even lose some friends","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=230.71,232.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'm sure I would lose some students","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=232.46,234.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but my choice of this topic and even the 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Catholicism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=243.09,245.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"more than most forms of Christianity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=245.78,248.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has a very special connection with its history","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=248.85,253.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think any intelligent discussion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=253.19,256.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Catholic thought or practice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=256.04,258.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or whether there ought to be changes in the church","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=258.16,262.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"must be informed by an understanding of why these practices","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=262.62,267.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or why these beliefs started in the first place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=267.51,271.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For much of its history,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=271.41,273.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and actually I've been surprised by this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=273.19,275.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the more that I've looked into","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=275.25,276.639"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the whole history of celibacy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=276.639,278.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"priestly celibacy especially in the in the church","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=278.73,281.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's been controversial all the way along","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=282.75,285.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think recent events in the American Catholic 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abuse","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=298.18,303.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within the past two years years, especially","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=303.26,306.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and these have once again raised this issue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=306.0,309.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Many Catholics have begun to wonder","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=309.0,311.265"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether the problem might not lie","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=311.265,313.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the celibacy requirement itself","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=313.65,316.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or at least with a kind of culture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=316.94,319.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that many believe is fostered by the practice of celibacy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=319.55,324.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jay Dolan, the distinguished American Catholic historian","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=325.18,329.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at Notre Dame,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=329.25,330.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has expressed this view in a postscript to his recent book,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=330.44,334.267"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"In Search of an American Catholicism.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=334.267,337.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I quote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=337.22,338.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"by fostering a clerical culture of arrogance and secrecy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=338.557,343.007"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"the church has failed to respond to the needs 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need","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=356.377,359.467"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"for far-reaching change.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=359.467,361.777"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Most crucially,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=361.777,363.097"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"the American Catholic Church is running out of priests,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=363.097,366.297"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and the shortage is wearing out the many excellent 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scandal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=371.807,376.377"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"The church has tried to fill the gap","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=376.377,378.217"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"by importing clergy from other countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=378.217,380.817"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"but this is a shameful admission that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=380.817,382.877"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"after 300 years on American soil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=382.877,385.757"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"the church cannot recruit an American-born clergy.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=385.757,389.877"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Professor Dolan then proceeds","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=391.32,393.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the following recommendation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=393.43,395.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again, I quote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=396.22,397.437"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I believe the answer to this dilemma","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=397.437,399.717"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"is to open the priesthood to men who wish to be married","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=399.717,403.437"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"as well as to women who want to be ordained.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=403.437,406.927"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"A celibate male clerical culture,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=406.927,409.747"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"impervious to outside scrutiny","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=409.747,412.317"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"has created the worst scandal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=412.317,414.007"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"in the history of American Catholicism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=414.007,417.077"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"It is time for change.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=417.077,419.417"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"My hope is that change will occur.\" End quote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=419.417,423.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Professor Dolan's words reflect the views of many 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warranted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=430.99,433.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both because of changes in the wider society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=433.14,435.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and because of developments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=435.77,437.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within the church's own understanding of priestly ministry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=437.21,441.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is not my purpose tonight","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=441.56,443.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to argue for a change in the celibacy requirement,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=443.18,446.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"although I will address the question 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are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=735.56,737.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in my opinion historically dubious,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=737.08,739.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they seem to be 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apostles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=751.01,753.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In my view, this approach sacrifices responsible history","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=753.52,758.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to theological 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7","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1311.49,1313.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why is this lack of self control and impediment to orders?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1313.64,1317.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Holy orders, Hyde asks, well, his answer is 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requirement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1330.47,1334.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of clerical celibacy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1334.15,1335.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into a passage that strongly suggests the very opposite.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1335.53,1340.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think this is a good example of what is called","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1340.74,1343.007"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(mumbling) Jesus that is the reading","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1343.007,1345.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of one's own position or bias into the text of scripture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1345.35,1350.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, this takes me to a critical question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1351.51,1354.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If as I've argued that the requirement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1354.21,1356.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of priestly celibacy is not found","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1356.88,1359.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the age of the apostles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1359.43,1361.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then where is it to be found?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1361.9,1364.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I've already noted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1364.85,1365.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the first explicit evidence comes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1365.683,1367.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the fourth century, but I think it's worth asking,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1367.63,1371.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is it possible to find some evidence, not evidence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1371.27,1374.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but since the evidence is only fourth century","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1374.3,1376.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but is it possible","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1376.21,1377.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the requirement actually predates the evidence?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1377.25,1381.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And at this point I think an insight","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1381.72,1384.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from Cardinal Stickler is useful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1384.52,1387.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He is, or was, I'm not sure if he's still alive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1387.39,1390.157"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was an expert on Canon Law","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1390.157,1392.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he observes that normally in law","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1392.38,1395.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether it's a secular law or church law,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1395.64,1398.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an obligation what he calls in Latin Ius","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1399.82,1403.811"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from which we get our word Iustitia or justice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1403.811,1407.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that an obligation can exist and be an obligatory legal norm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1407.44,1412.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before it's actually expressed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1413.22,1416.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or written down in legislation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1416.36,1420.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, a law he says can be handed down,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1420.23,1422.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"usually is handed down orally or by custom","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1422.65,1425.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before it's actually promulgated in written form.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1425.73,1429.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now I think Stickler's wrong to use this as a way to argue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1429.21,1433.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that celibacy goes back to the time of the apostles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1433.65,1436.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but on the other hand","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1436.67,1437.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it does seem to be a reasonable argument","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1437.55,1440.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for seeing some kind of informal practice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1440.7,1445.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's not a requirement,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1446.16,1447.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but at least an informal practice of priestly celibacy prior","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1447.03,1450.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the fourth century that is prior","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1452.13,1453.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the explicit legislation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1453.4,1455.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, how far back can you make this sort of hypothesis?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1455.84,1460.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, it's difficult to 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evidence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1468.68,1473.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Personally, my view is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1473.55,1475.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that probably a custom, not a requirement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1475.97,1479.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but a custom of celibacy for priests gradually developed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1479.06,1484.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe starting 100 years earlier maybe in the third century","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1485.01,1489.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we do have, I think some pieces","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1489.63,1492.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of evidence that suggests this is 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century","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1497.89,1499.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that mentions priestly celibacy at all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1499.61,1503.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this I think is yet another 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exist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1508.29,1510.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then right at the end of the second century early years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1510.32,1513.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the third century, we have a Christian writer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1513.09,1515.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Alexandria named Clement who refers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1515.59,1519.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to married priests and deacons","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1519.8,1522.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as if there's simply a well established","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1523.35,1526.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and well accepted phenomenon,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1526.16,1527.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for example Clement alludes to the pastoral epistles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=1527.97,1531.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the same passage that I read a minute ago from 1 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399.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2072.69,2075.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The first document is a letter addressed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2076.86,2078.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a Spanish Bishop Himerius who had 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Eucharist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2721.83,2724.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/870","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in particular is becoming particularly the focus of concern","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2724.21,2729.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/871","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the notion of transubstantiation starts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2729.52,2731.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to circulate in the 12th century","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2731.96,2733.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"becomes widely circulating in the 12th century developed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2733.94,2736.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a little earlier","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2736.33,2737.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so again, the higher concept","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2737.39,2740.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/876","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Eucharistic Sacrifice people had,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2740.64,2743.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/877","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the more the notion of the priest as","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2743.27,2746.035"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/878","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a kind of an individual set apart","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2746.035,2750.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/879","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from profane concerns becomes central to Catholic teaching.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2750.34,2755.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So much for the history","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2758.0,2759.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I also promise to say something","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2759.92,2761.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/882","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the future of priestly celibacy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2761.68,2765.462"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/883","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so before I close","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2765.462,2767.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/884","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd like to address this topic specifically, the question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=2767.0,2770.743"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28738/annotation/885","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/738/original/AV204888_Priestly_Celibacy_in_the_Catholic_Church_a.vtt?1622826520","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/738/original/AV204888_Priestly_Celibacy_in_the_Catholic_Church_a.vtt?1622826520"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28739","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204888_Priestly_Celibacy_in_the_Catholic_Church_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642/transcript/28739/annotation/886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Everett Hemann, I'm the pastor across the street at St. Thomas Aquinas Church \u0026 Catholic Student Center I also serve in a volunteer capacity here at the university on the institutional review board for human subjects, so I find myself working with some of you who are on the faculty and doing research in that area. Although you probably don't know that I do that cause my name doesn't appear on the forms that get signed. Tonight we're very honored to be able to hear from Dr. Hunter. Dr. Hunter has occupied the Monsignor James Supple Chair of Catholic Studies at Iowa State University for the past five years. St. Thomas Aquinas established that chair about eight, seven years ago I think it was with the intent of being a contributor to the mission of this university, that is to enter into dialogue and in the search of truth and we hope that something of our tradition is a valuable piece at this university and it seems to be turning out that way. Prior to coming to Iowa State, Dr. Hunter taught for 15 years in the department of theology at the University of St. Thomas in Saint Paul, Minnesota. He received an undergraduate and a master's degree in Latin from the Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C. He did his MA in theology at the University of St. Michael's College in Toronto and his PhD is from the University of Notre Dame. Dr. Hunter is published rather extensively in the area of early Christianity and his special interest and his special focus in his research and writing has been in the traditions of marriage and celibacy. So this evening we welcome him to speak on the topic of priestly celibacy in the Catholic Church, its origins, its history and its future. Dr. Hunter.\r\n\r\n- Thank you. Thank you, Father Ev, and thank you all for coming tonight I know it's getting towards the end of the semester and it's a very tiring time, especially for students, so it's good to see so many of you here, before I get started, I want to just mention I think this is the first time that a Supple lecture has been given without the physical presence of Monsignor Supple himself, as I think many of you know Monsignor Saint James Supple died last August and so I just wanted to recall him and, you know, remind everyone of his presence because I certainly know it's the case that I wouldn't be here if it were not for him and I think it's the case that many of you who would not be here if it were not for Father Supple, so to mention that. Well, it's a big topic. Priestly celibacy in the Catholic Church, especially origins, history and future just to cover everything well, if I were to actually just speak in detail about all of these things, we would be here a very, very long time. I might even lose some friends and I'm sure I would lose some students but my choice of this topic and even the phrasing \"origins, history and future\" was deliberate because I think Catholicism more than most forms of Christianity has a very special connection with its history and I think any intelligent discussion of Catholic thought or practice or whether there ought to be changes in the church must be informed by an understanding of why these practices or why these beliefs started in the first place. For much of its history, and actually I've been surprised by this the more that I've looked into the whole history of celibacy, priestly celibacy especially in the in the church it's been controversial all the way along and I think recent events in the American Catholic Church have simply caused the requirement to fall under even greater scrutiny. Now by recent events I mean, of course, the explosion of accusations of clerical sexual abuse within the past two years years, especially and these have once again raised this issue. Many Catholics have begun to wonder whether the problem might not lie with the celibacy requirement itself or at least with a kind of culture that many believe is fostered by the practice of celibacy. Jay Dolan, the distinguished American Catholic historian at Notre Dame, has expressed this view in a postscript to his recent book, \"In Search of an American Catholicism.\" And I quote, \"by fostering a clerical culture of arrogance and secrecy, \"the church has failed to respond to the needs spiritual \"and social of the people in the pew. \"This crisis in the church has necessitated a painful \"and difficult examination of deeper issues affecting \"the Catholic community and revealed the need \"for far-reaching change. \"Most crucially, \"the American Catholic Church is running out of priests, \"and the shortage is wearing out the many excellent priests \"who are not only overworked \"but also deeply troubled by the sexual abuse scandal. \"The church has tried to fill the gap \"by importing clergy from other countries, \"but this is a shameful admission that \"after 300 years on American soil, \"the church cannot recruit an American-born clergy.\" Professor Dolan then proceeds to the following recommendation. Again, I quote, \"I believe the answer to this dilemma \"is to open the priesthood to men who wish to be married \"as well as to women who want to be ordained. \"A celibate male clerical culture, \"impervious to outside scrutiny \"has created the worst scandal \"in the history of American Catholicism. \"It is time for change. \"My hope is that change will occur.\" End quote. Professor Dolan's words reflect the views of many Catholics who believe that a change in the church's practice of priestly celibacy is warranted both because of changes in the wider society and because of developments within the church's own understanding of priestly ministry. It is not my purpose tonight to argue for a change in the celibacy requirement, although I will address the question briefly at the end of my talk. For the most part, I wanna take a step back from the current issue and examine the historical origins of the requirement of priestly celibacy. Unfortunately, this is an area where there is widespread misinformation, both on the question of the origins of the requirement and on its history. Perhaps the most prevalent misconception is the view which I've often read in the papers even in our own Ames Tribune, the view that celibacy as a requirement for priests only emerged in the 12th century. There is an element of truth in this view but only in a narrow and very technical sense. It was only in the 12th century at the First Lateran Council of 1123 that leaders of the Western Church declared the marriage of any person in higher orders to be invalid previously such marriages were forbidden, but when they took place as they often did, they were considered true marriages the change was the declaration of the invalidity of clerical marriage shortly afterwards at the Second Lateran Council in 1139 the ordination of married men was forbidden so it is true that the 12th century was a genuine turning point in the sense that marriage and holy orders or priesthood were officially declared to be incompatible and this had not been the case previously however, there is another sense in which the word celibacy is used. One that is immediately relevant to our topic if by celibacy, we mean not the prohibition of marriage but rather a requirement of sexual abstinence or continents that is imposed even on married priests then the origins of priestly celibacy go back much earlier nearly 800 years before the 12th century Lateran Councils. This is one point on which all historians agree. That is the earliest evidence of an attempt to require celibacy that is celibacy in the sense of sexual abstinence from the clergy is to be found in the fourth century. First, there was a local council of Spanish Bishops which met at Elvira sometime around the year of 309 which forbade married bishops, presbyters and deacons to have sex with their wives and produce children later at the end of the fourth century, Bishop Siricius of Rome addressed a series of letters to bishops in Gaul, Spain and North Africa in which he asserted that married clergy in higher orders must abstain from sex permanently around the same time as Pope Siricius decrees we also have a number of other writers in Italy and Rome who attested the same thing. Therefore the, firm evidentiary starting point of any account of the history of priestly celibacy are these fourth century texts before examining these documents in detail which intend to do there is another misconception and it's one almost on the exact opposite side that I must address. 20 years ago virtually every informed Catholic scholar would have placed the origins of the requirement of celibacy for priests in the fourth century as I have done this is still the majority view and I think it's the correct view recently, however that is within the last 20 years some Catholic scholars have argued that the requirement of priestly celibacy goes back much earlier than the fourth century back to APA systolic times even back to Jesus himself. The proponents of this theory included Jesuit historian, Christian Cocina a German Cardinal and a prefect of the Vatican Library, Alfons Maria Stickler and most recently a German theologian, Stefan Hyde all three have argued that celibacy in the sense of permanent sexual continents was required of bishops, presbyters and deacons from the earliest days of the church even though most of them were married. Now, each of these writers is aware that this view goes well beyond the explicit evidence which dates only from the fourth century. So they try in various ways to move behind the earliest evidence of legislation and they hypothesized that a requirement existed apart from any explicit legislation. All of these attempts are, in my opinion historically dubious, they seem to be motivated by a desire to defend the church's present discipline by grounding it in something other than church tradition, namely the direct command of Jesus himself or of the apostles. In my view, this approach sacrifices responsible history to theological bias. I'm gonna offer you a couple of examples in his book \"The Case For Clerical Celibacy,\" it's historical development and theological foundations, Cardinal Alfons Stickler attempts to trace priestly celibacy back to the original teaching of Jesus. He appeals to some of the radical sayings of Jesus about the kingdom of God. For example, Luke 18 verse 28 to 30 where Jesus tells Peter who is evidently married, quote, \"I tell you solemnly \"there is no one who has left house, wife, brothers, parents \"or children for the sake of the kingdom \"of God who will not be given repayment many times over \"in the present time and in the world to come eternal life.\" Now, although the text does not refer to priests or to any other church officials which of course would have been an anachronism in the days of Jesus the Cardinal comments, and I quote, \"here we clearly already have the first obligation \"of clerical celibacy, namely the commitment \"to continents in the use \"of marriage after ordination.\" End quote. There are several problems with this type of argument. Cardinal Stickler is certainly right in stressing that Jesus placed radical demands on his disciples, at least on some of them, he discreetly ignores Jesus's equally well attested affirmation of the permanence of marriage. Now there is no doubt that sexual renunciation emerged as a Christian ideal, very, very early in the tradition based on sayings of Paul himself in 1 Corinthians 7 but there is no good historical reason to identify or equate this form of radical discipleship with what later became the Catholic priesthood. What lies behind this view I think is an over-simplification of the history of early Christianity and the development of early Christian ministry in particular Cardinal Stickler assumes that the core of Jesus's disciples, some of whom became apostles or Christian Missionaries after the resurrection are identical in terms of their ministerial functions with the later offices of bishop, priest and deacon. Now it is true that according to Catholic theology, ecclesiastical authority passed from the apostles to the bishops by means of a process that is called apostolic succession. And I think in very, very general terms this is not just a theological theory but it's also true historically in the sense that eventually bishops did come to occupy the main teaching role that was originally held by the apostles. But, the complete historical reality of early Christianity is much more complex from the earliest times of course, there were apostles who were generally itinerant missionaries in their absence the churches were administered by local officials who were sometimes called elders or presbyters, presbytery and sometimes they were called overseers what we call bishops, Episcopal. These leaders exercised oversight in the communities and that's why they were called overseers. None of the New Testament Documents or earliest Christian sources speaks of priesthood being transmitted from the apostles to bishops or elders nor can we assume that what later were seen as priestly or sacramental functions were reserved to the apostles or to the overseer bishops. In addition to apostles, for example, Paul lists many other ministerial functions or gifts of service for example, he lists in addition to the apostles he lists prophets teachers, miracle workers, healers and other administrators. And in fact, one of the earliest Christian texts that we have outside of the New Testament a document called the teaching of the 12 apostles or also known as the Didache indicates that profits were allowed in some early Christian communities to recite prayers, actually, the word that's used, the Greek word is Eucharistised that is do the Eucharist or do the Eucharist, the prayers as well as other leaders. So in other words, my point is that we cannot assume a strict equivalence between the ministry of the original disciples or apostles and that of later bishops, elders or deacons, still less, can we assume a continuous requirement of celibacy. In other words even if it were proven that Jesus' closest disciples or the apostles were required to be celibate and I don't think Stickler has proven this it still wouldn't follow that the first bishops, elders and deacons also had to be celibate. A closer look at an important New Testament text helps to illustrate the contrast between the early apostolic ministry then in the ministry of the apostles you have to be clear is one of itinerant preaching spreading the gospel which is distinct from the ministry of oversight or service that the bishops, elders and deacons do. The first letter to Timothy along with the second letter to Timothy and the letter to Titus is among the latest writings of the New Testament. Scholars are nearly unanimous in attributing them not to Paul but to a later disciple of Paul at the end of the first century, these three letters are often referred to as the pastoral epistles because they reflect a stage in the development of the church in which overseers that is bishops, elders and deacons have become the primary pastors rather than the apostles. Moreover, in contrast to the radical discipleship demanded by Jesus, that is the leaving home, family, wife, et cetera. The pastoral epistles portray the loving husband and father as the ideal steward of the church. For example, in 1 Timothy 3 verses 2-5, we find the following description of the suitable overseer or bishop and I quote, \"now a bishop must be above reproach \"the husband of one wife, temperate, sensible, respectable, \"hospitable and APT teacher, not a drunkard, not violent \"but gentle, not quarrelsome and not a lover of money. \"He must manage his own household well, \"keeping his children submissive \"and respectful in every way \"for if someone does not know how \"to manage his own household, \"how can he take care of God's church?\" By all appearances the pastoral epistles, present marriage, procreation and a sound family life as prerequisites for pastoral ministry as a bishop, presbyter or deacon. Now I do not think that this passage from 1st Timothy should be interpreted as presenting a requirement that clergy should be married as some commentators have suggested. I would be very, very surprised if the pastoral epistles intended to exclude unmarried or celibate people from ministry. But I do think it shows that by the end of the first century, Jesus's radical demands had been tempered to the needs of the church at that time, the eminent Kingdom of God announced by Jesus had already started to become a well-organized church. Its leaders were now sought from among those who had demonstrated their pastoral suitability by their stable commitment to the Central Institution of the Greco-Roman Society. That is the household, nothing has said in these texts about celibacy as a requirement for these married officials. Now when confronted with texts, such as 1st Timothy the proponents of the apostolic origins of priestly celibacy are forced into the most convoluted arguments. Stefan Hyde for example, and here he's following a suggestion by Cardinal Stickler. He focuses on the words, a husband of one wife, Hyde argues that this means a candidate for the clergy must not have been married more than once and that's a reasonable interpretation although it's not the only one, the reason for this prohibition of a second marriage then, Hyde suggests is that a second marriage according to Paul shows a lack of self control and Paul did say something like this in 1 Corinthians 7 why is this lack of self control and impediment to orders? Holy orders, Hyde asks, well, his answer is that because complete sexual abstinence was required of the clergy, right from the very beginning. With this sort of reasoning, what Hyde and Stickler have managed to do is to insert a requirement of clerical celibacy into a passage that strongly suggests the very opposite. And I think this is a good example of what is called Jesus that is the reading of one's own position or bias into the text of scripture. Well, this takes me to a critical question. If as I've argued that the requirement of priestly celibacy is not found in the age of the apostles then where is it to be found? As I've already noted the first explicit evidence comes from the fourth century, but I think it's worth asking, is it possible to find some evidence, not evidence but since the evidence is only fourth century but is it possible that the requirement actually predates the evidence? And at this point I think an insight from Cardinal Stickler is useful. He is, or was, I'm not sure if he's still alive was an expert on Canon Law and he observes that normally in law whether it's a secular law or church law, an obligation what he calls in Latin Ius from which we get our word Iustitia or justice that an obligation can exist and be an obligatory legal norm before it's actually expressed or written down in legislation. In other words, a law he says can be handed down, usually is handed down orally or by custom before it's actually promulgated in written form. Now I think Stickler's wrong to use this as a way to argue that celibacy goes back to the time of the apostles but on the other hand it does seem to be a reasonable argument for seeing some kind of informal practice it's not a requirement, but at least an informal practice of priestly celibacy prior to the fourth century that is prior to the explicit legislation. Well, how far back can you make this sort of hypothesis? Well, it's difficult to say I think because by definition, if it's an oral tradition it has not left many traces in the written evidence. Personally, my view is that probably a custom, not a requirement but a custom of celibacy for priests gradually developed maybe starting 100 years earlier maybe in the third century and we do have, I think some pieces of evidence that suggests this is correct for example, there's not one text in the whole second century that mentions priestly celibacy at all and this I think is yet another reason or fact that strongly supports the view that such a requirement did not exist and then right at the end of the second century early years of the third century, we have a Christian writer in Alexandria named Clement who refers to married priests and deacons as if there's simply a well established and well accepted phenomenon, for example Clement alludes to the pastoral epistles the same passage that I read a minute ago from 1 Timothy and he says here, the Apostle Paul I quote, \"expresses approval of the man who is husband \"of a single wife, whether elder, deacon or layman \"if he gives no ground for criticism in his practice \"of marriage or use of marriage, he will find salvation \"through bringing children into the world.\" And that's a quotation from 1st Timothy. So Clement appears to assume this is the end of the second century early third century. Clement appears to assume that marriage and procreation were appropriate for clergy and laity alike. However, it's in the third century, then that we do start to find a couple of Christian writers who mentioned usually in passing that some priests, some members of the clergy do live in celibacy, for example Tertullian of Carthage in North Africa and Origin of Alexandria in Egypt, both referred to the fact that some priests do live in perpetual sexual continents. Now we have to be a little bit careful here because both Tertullian and Origin were somewhat extremists on the case of celibacy. For example, Tertullian left the mainstream what was already called the Catholic Church at that point and joined a prophetic sect called the Montanists at least partly because Montanists for bad or prohibited Christians to marry more than once whereas the mainstream church allowed people to remarry and Tertullian approved the stricter sexual ethics of the Montanists and in fact, Tertullian didn't think very much at first, single marriages either he takes a radical interpretation of Paul and says that, you know, the only reason to marry is if you are too weak to be celibate and therefore it is a kind of sin even though it's permissible that's Tertullian the other man Origin, similarly, wasn't a very big fan of sex or marriage. Origin was thoroughly influenced by platonic philosophy he considered all physical central activity as a kind of dangerous distraction from the spiritual life it was also widely believed in the ancient world that Origin had castrated himself in an attempt to become a unique for the Kingdom of God, modern scholars dispute whether this is true or not, but it shows you that origin certainly had a reputation for extremism. Nonetheless, despite the kind of marginal perhaps status of these two writers, what they said about the existence of celibate priests is probably true historically. Moreover, their views represented the future of Christian thought as the third century proceeds we find an increasing enthusiasm for celibacy. We now find treatises in the third century documents written especially for young women in praise of the life permanent life of virginity it's also in the third century that we see a great proliferation of Apocryphal Acts and gospels that also tend to exalt the life of celibacy. So in this context where celibacy itself across the whole spectrum of Christian not just in the clergy in this context where celibacy itself is being presented as the ideal way to be a Christian, the ideal way to be an apostle it's natural that gradually clergy has started to adopt the custom, even if they were married and I think this is the context then out of which the fourth century requirement later emerged. Well, this brings me to the second aspect of my topic and the next two aspects I'm gonna address a much briefer forum but one reason I've dwelled so much on this question of the Origins that is where it came from is that how one looks at the Origins directly affects how you tell the story of the history okay? In other words, if a person holds that the Origins of the celibacy requirement is an apostolic tradition then the later expressions in laws, for example, the letters of Pope Siricius they become just a further explicitation of an already existing though unwritten boer or tradition. In other words, there's a fundamental continuity between the later law and the earlier tradition but on the other hand, if in the beginning the clergy were free to marry or not then the emergence of the requirement in the fourth century will appear to be something of an innovation, even if it did evolve out of this earlier custom. Now the difference between these two ways of looking at the history becomes especially acute when we take into account that the Eastern Christian Churches all the evidence that I refer to most of the evidence I refer to is from the Western 1/2 of the church. Well, in the Eastern Churches, celibacy was never adopted as a requirement for elders or deacons, the legislation of the Eastern Church, which reached final form in 691 at the Second Council of Trullo specified that bishops were required to be celibate and they were usually chosen from among the monks but priests and deacons who were married before ordination could continue to live a normal married life and have children, if their wives died however, these priests and deacons were required to remain unmarried and that's the custom in most of the Eastern Churches today. Well, if one assumes like Stefan Hyde and Cardinal Stickler do that sexual continents from the beginning was required of all the clergy then the Eastern Christian practice appears as an innovation, a legitimate concession sometimes they say to human weakness but fundamentally a departure from apostolic tradition. But if one holds as I think one should and as most I'd say most Catholic historians do that originally there was greater latitude than the Eastern Churches practice appears to be no less genuine a development than the Roman Catholic one and in fact, it appears to conform even more closely to the original tradition in so far as it allows for both a married and a Sullivan clergy. Now I mentioned these ecumenical implications, not to prejudice the historical question but simply to point out that these historical issues have direct implications for relations between the churches, especially between the Eastern Orthodox and the Roman Catholic the debate over priestly celibacy was one of the factors that led to the separation between the East and the West in the Great Schism of 1054 and the future of Catholic Orthodox relations will no doubt hinge at least partly on the resolution of the question of priestly celibacy. But I wanna return to the question of the history of the celibacy requirement if we assume for a moment that my argument so far has been correct then we can proceed to ask another question what led to the formation of the requirement of the explicit prohibition of sexual relations for clergy in the fourth century church? Why did the Western Church move from an original option for clergy to be either married or unmarried to an informal custom of priestly celibacy in the third century to the formal prohibition of sexual activity in the fourth century the answer I think is very complex and it involves a confluence of different factors some of them theological, some of them ritual or liturgical and to a certain extent political. And in order to approach this question I wanna examine a little more closely the most extensive body of evidence that we have which are these three letters of Pope Siricius from the late fourth century. Now each of these letters was written by Pope Siricius who served as Bishop of Rome from 385 to 399. The first document is a letter addressed to a Spanish Bishop Himerius who had written to Siricius's Predecessor Damasus, the Damasus had died before he answered the letter and so Siricius answered it when he became Pope. The second is a letter to sort of a circular letter to a number of Western Bishops that reports the decision about council that took place at Rome in 386 and the third is a letter written to bishops in Gaul that's modern day, France and Germany in response to some questions and concerns that some of the bishops had raised in correspondence to Pope Siricius all three of these letters presuppose that the imposition of celibacy on the clergy is creating widespread opposition and this is another indication I think that it was not a very long standing tradition. Some of the bishops support the requirement, clearly others do not those who oppose compulsory celibacy, and we can kind of reconstruct this from the way Pope Siricius answers he says they appeal to the pastoral epistles and the fact that Paul the author of 1 Timothy allows marriage they also cite the precedent of Old Testament priests who were married. On the other hand those who support the celibacy requirement they have written to Pope Siricius especially in the third letter and ask him to clarify the purpose of the other requirement but in the course of his response, Pope Siricius offers several different reasons for the imposition of celibacy on the higher clergy. First, he appeals to what might be called the aesthetic value of celibacy that Siricius points out that one function of the priest is to urge consecrated virgins, widows and even married Christians to adopt celibacy or persevere in celibacy. And so Siricius asks how can a priest credibly preached celibacy to others if he himself is not observing celibacy and he is producing children? Well, Siricius's argument here clearly reflects the situation of the church in the later fourth century, the Monastic Movement had begun about 100 years earlier it had spread very widely through the Roman Empire the idea that celibacy was a higher and superior way of life had become well accepted although there were certain Christians like Jovinian who I spoke about, I think two or three years ago who had challenged this consensus also a significant fact is that most of these new aesthetics we're lay people and many, maybe the majority were women. In this context, it was becoming obvious that clerical authority could not stand or be credible unless the clergy could adopt the same aesthetic ideals that were being adopted by the Christian laity. And so the imposition of sexual continents as a requirement on the higher clergy was one way in which the status of the clergy could be maintained in this changed environment of the late fourth century. But aestheticism was not the only or even the primary reason that Siricius gave for insisting on sexual continents for the clergy in all three letters the most prominent argument is based on the sacred character of the priests function and on the need to reject sex in order to avoid ritual impurity, drawing on Old Testament traditions that required priests to undergo ritual purification prior to performing their service in the temple Popes Siricius observes that the Christian priest has to be ready every day or at any time to perform the sacred functions of Baptism and Eucharist. As a result, he says, unlike the priest of the Old Testament, who only had to abstain from sex during the time when they were in the temple, in fact Pope Siricius says they spent the whole year in the temple they didn't go home so they didn't have to worry about having sex with their wives he says, well, in the case of Christian priest he says \" they have to be sexually content \"or ritually pure all the time.\" And this is a quotation from one of the letters of Siricius \"the Ministers of God are under the obligation \"to observe purity \"it is obvious that this is always a necessity for them \"they must either give baptism \"or offer sacrifice would an impure man dare to soil \"what is holy when holy things are \"for holy people.\" End quote. Later in the same letter Siricius notes that since I quote, \"intercourse is defiling .\" The priest must avoid sex in order to be continually ready to offer supplication and prayers on behalf of the sins of the community. Now at first glance it might sound like Siricius is appealing strictly to Old Testament notions of ritual purity and he certainly does mention these explicitly at several points, but even more central to his argument is the New Testament text of 1 Corinthians 7:5 , where Paul States that even married Christians should abstain from sex for a time in order to devote themselves to prayer but should return to intercourse so that they do not fall victim to Satan's temptation. So Siricius's argument is that since the ministers of the church must be ready at all times to Baptize offer Eucharist and intercede on behalf of the community, they must be perpetually free of the defilement that comes from sexual intercourse. Now, modern Christians are understandably shocked when they encounter such ideas in the ancient literature. However, the notion of a ritual defilement that accompany childbirth, menstruation, sexual intercourse and dead bodies was deeply rooted in ancient cultures in Jewish, as well as pagan cultures. Now, Christianity had distanced itself from some of these ritual taboos, but obviously not from all of them. Indeed as the church moved into the middle ages the ritual prohibitions surrounding sex, even within marriage appear to have increased rather than decreased. For example, the collection legal texts from fifth century Gaul rule that a couple should remain celibate on their wedding night out of respect for the nuptial blessing that they had received from the priest in the early sixth century, Bishop Caesarius of Arles proposed that a married couple should not enter church for 30 days after being married. And I guess they're gonna have to 30 days then it was slowing down or something he also says that they should abstain from sex for several days prior to receiving communion, right about the same time that is early in the sixth century, one of the earliest Irish penitential books the penitential Athenian prescribed that married persons were to practice sexual continence during all of advent, lent and the 40 days after Pentecost it is no wonder given these deep reservations about sexuality that Ecclesiastical Officials would have attempted gradually to separate the clergy from all sexual activity. The fourth century was a time when the Roman Empire and the Christian Church were becoming evermore closely fused Christians desperately needed to have models of sanctity and purity and celibacy more than any other virtue serve this positive function. Moreover, the increasing elaboration of Christian rituals and again, the fourth century is a time when we start to have lots of rituals that weren't there earlier consecration of virgins, even the marriage rituals we don't have any evidence of them until the fourth century. Well, the more that rituals become elaborate, the more that the clergy are seen as people who stand between heaven and earth in a way, and mediate the prayers of God or the prayers of the community to God and given that sex is seen as an obstacle to prayer, again, according to 1 Corinthians 7:5 it had become well accepted by the late fourth century that Ministers of the Sacraments had to embrace sexual continents in order for their prayers and intercessions to be effective. and I'm getting near the end of my talk so far I've only touched on the first they'll probably the most important stage in the history of priestly celibacy in the Catholic Church if there were time, which there isn't but if there were time to look at other periods of history we would see that at different points in the history of the church, different issues become central for example, in the 11th and 12th centuries, the enforcement of priestly celibacy, which had been widely neglected for centuries prior to this, it became central to the way in which the church tried to establish its freedom over against the intrusion of lay control. Marriages of the clergy had to be declared invalid and their children declared illegitimate in order to prevent church property from being legally inherited by a priest's children and that's why those two Lateran Councils that I mentioned at the beginning of my talk, that's why the critical development there was that the marriage of these priests was declared to be invalid which meant their children were illegitimate which meant they could not inherit. And so that seems to be the central issue there in the 11th and 12th centuries although it's also the case that it's in the 12th century that the theology of the Eucharist in particular is becoming particularly the focus of concern the notion of transubstantiation starts to circulate in the 12th century becomes widely circulating in the 12th century developed a little earlier and so again, the higher concept of the Eucharistic Sacrifice people had, the more the notion of the priest as a kind of an individual set apart from profane concerns becomes central to Catholic teaching. So much for the history I also promise to say something about the future of priestly celibacy and so before I close I'd like to address this topic specifically, the question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116642#t=0.0,2775.528"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - 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[Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Bring many benefits to the church,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=5.31,8.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as well as inevitable turmoil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=8.33,11.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in the few minutes left,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=11.55,13.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would like to leave you not with my own opinion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=13.72,17.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but with a set of principles or questions to keep in mind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=17.33,21.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as you consider for yourself this issue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=21.85,25.428"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of such great significance to the future of Catholicism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=25.428,29.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have five principles or points.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=29.66,32.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First, there is no dark doctrinal obstacle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=33.73,38.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the ordination of married, non celibate men","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=38.52,42.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the Catholic priesthood.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=42.07,43.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, the requirement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=43.98,45.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a matter of church discipline and not church doctrine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=45.95,49.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Second Vatican Council in its decree","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=50.76,53.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the ministry and life of priests,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=53.44,55.727"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Presbyterorum Ordinis\", explicitly stated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=55.727,59.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that perpetual continents I quote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=59.42,61.657"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Is not demanded of the priesthood by its nature.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=61.657,65.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"End of quote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=65.44,66.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is clear, the council declared,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=66.29,68.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both from the practice of the primitive church,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=68.2,70.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they cite actually the passage from 1 Timothy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=70.24,72.245"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I cited from earlier","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=72.245,74.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and from the tradition of the Eastern churches.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=74.54,77.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, the bishops of Vatican 2","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=77.43,79.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"expressly, explicitly noted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=79.13,81.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there were many excellent priests","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=81.31,83.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Eastern churches","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=83.08,84.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that the council had no intention","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=84.28,86.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of changing their lawful practice,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=86.47,88.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is the Eastern practice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=88.883,91.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Second, it is clear that the reasons formerly given","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=91.14,96.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is back in the 4th century for the requirement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=96.1,98.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are no longer the reasons that are given today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=98.55,101.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Particularly the argument based on ritual purity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=101.96,105.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which regarded sexual relations as defiling","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=105.69,110.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is thankfully no longer part of the Catholic rationale","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=110.07,114.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the discipline of priestly celibacy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=114.63,116.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, the second Vatican council emphasized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=118.445,120.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that celibacy was appropriate to the 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overseeing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=317.73,321.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and administering the Christian community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=321.49,324.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Any attempt to rethink the celibacy requirement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=324.28,328.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has to consider the impact of a married clergy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=328.21,332.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether it's gonna be positive or negative","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=332.19,334.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on all three of these dimensions of the priesthood,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=334.85,337.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not just on the sacrificial or ritual one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=337.2,341.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And finally, if the church should move","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=342.2,345.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to ordain married men to the priesthood,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=345.53,348.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it will be important, I think, for the church to continue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=348.82,352.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to foster the Christian vocation to celibacy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=352.1,355.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether within the priesthood, or outside of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=355.73,359.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Celibacy, for the sake of the kingdom of God,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=360.16,363.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been a long and venerable tradition within Catholicism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=363.28,367.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's been practiced by men and women by lay","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=367.35,370.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and clergy alike.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=370.47,372.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is a witness, moreover,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=372.72,374.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that most other Christian denominations do not preserve.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=374.69,379.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some people have argued that the law of priestly celibacy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=381.06,384.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"helps to keep this tradition alive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=384.65,386.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Other people argue that the specific gift","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=387.94,391.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or charism of celibacy gets obscured when it's not a gift,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=391.15,395.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but a law.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=395.46,396.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I do not know exactly what the future holds on this matter","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=397.44,402.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I do know that there will always be a place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=402.17,405.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within the church for the gift of radical commitment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=405.26,409.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is the celibate life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=409.51,411.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=412.97,413.901"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=413.901,416.901"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll ask timed questions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=426.501,429.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, better go to the mic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=429.04,430.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm still confused about what the motivation is behind it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=434.733,437.594"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sorry, you said it started,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=437.594,438.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or maybe predated the 4th century","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=438.64,440.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that sex was considered impure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=440.59,443.959"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I don't understand why,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=443.959,445.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why sexuality would be an encumberment to a spiritual life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=447.63,451.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm still not quite-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=451.26,453.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, it is a very complex topic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=453.17,457.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a lot of...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=457.37,459.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm sorry, okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=459.063,461.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, very complex topic,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=461.01,463.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an awful lot of study has been done on the question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=463.22,467.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's no simple answer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=470.308,473.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll give you just several possibilities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=473.3,476.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and these are not exclusive possibilities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=476.57,478.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they all play a part, okay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=478.76,482.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One thing is that, in the ancient world,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=482.73,486.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"particularly in certain occurrence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=488.24,490.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of especially Greek philosophy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=490.81,493.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's a strong bias against the physical,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=493.93,497.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against the material.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=497.16,498.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's built into much of ancient philosophy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=498.39,501.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"particularly in platonic tradition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=501.56,504.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And many early Christian thinkers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=504.61,506.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially somebody like this guy Origen","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=506.73,508.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the 3rd century bought into this notion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=508.43,511.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the spiritual...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=511.92,514.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That there's a sort of antagonism in some ways","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=514.89,516.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between the spiritual world and the physical.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=516.93,519.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, sexuality is so blatantly physical,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=519.35,523.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that many people felt instinctively","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=523.29,526.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it was a sort of irrational animal 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angels,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=577.45,582.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or of the resurrection.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=582.1,583.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is, as long as you're in the 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widely.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=623.67,626.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so it's there that you begin to see a sense that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=626.14,629.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, there needs to be an 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people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=634.17,636.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so it's really in the 3rd century","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=636.45,638.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we start to get this idea that there needs to be an elite.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=638.06,641.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are some Christians who are really special,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=641.47,643.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"perfect, elite,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=643.6,645.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and celibacy becomes a way of separating them out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=645.19,649.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can you find this in the 3rd 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century,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=655.54,657.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Roman emperors become Christian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=658.09,660.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now everybody, or almost everybody is a 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down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=672.41,674.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so this tendency, which was already there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=674.17,676.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like I said in the 3rd 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possessions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=689.57,691.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"those who reject sex,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=691.7,693.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"those reject attachments to life in the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=693.61,697.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, you know, it's a complex phenomenon","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=697.35,701.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the whole issue of clerical 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celibacy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=707.63,710.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the third and 4th century are not priest at all,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=710.35,713.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're laity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=713.65,714.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I, as I suggested earlier,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=715.62,717.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that's one of the reasons why, in a sense,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=717.16,719.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's this pressure on the clergy to adopt celibacy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=719.88,722.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's tends to keep up with the laity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=722.71,725.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and maybe especially the women.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=727.01,728.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tom?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=733.72,735.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e You know, I did have a lot of Catholic education,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=735.29,739.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a lot of it's been concentrated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=739.65,741.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on things you shouldn't do,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=741.93,745.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sex and all these sorts of things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=745.43,746.867"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it seem to me that there's an over-concentration","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=746.867,750.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=750.13,751.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, if you look back at the Gospels,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=751.05,753.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it seems to me that one of the important messages there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=753.34,758.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to do unto others as you would do unto yourself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=759.15,763.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You have the good Samaritan story.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=763.047,765.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't find any stories in the Gospels against sex at all,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=765.69,770.268"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=770.268,771.432"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And my question is, did the Catholic church really give off-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=771.432,775.637"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=776.92,779.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and neglected really the central message of Christianity?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=779.24,783.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, well, it's a big question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=785.19,788.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It does seem to be the case that sexuality came to bear,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=792.24,797.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is, the acceptance or rejection of it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=801.88,805.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"particularly the rejection of it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=805.08,806.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came to bear disproportionate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=806.25,808.817"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"degree of the responsibility","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=816.34,820.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the weight for defining holiness, really.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=820.36,824.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, I think that's the case.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=828.34,831.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And why that happened,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=832.97,835.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think is somethings scholars, historians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=835.5,839.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the ancient world and the medieval church","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=839.08,842.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"still wonder about, why that happened.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=842.79,847.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, there are certainly sayings of Jesus in the scriptures","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=851.14,856.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that do refer to sexual activity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=856.65,860.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or at least this sort of lifestyle of radical discipleship,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=860.34,864.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know, some of the things that I mentioned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=864.35,868.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, I mean, I think you're right in a real sense,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=868.57,872.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that in the Catholic tradition,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=872.81,876.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the sexuality really became a problematic...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=876.39,880.537"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An excessive preoccupation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=886.31,888.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think would be a good way to put it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=888.05,889.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe you should go up to the mic please.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=892.54,897.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Would you comment on any relationship that you see","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=904.73,909.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in your studies between sexual exclusivity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=909.98,914.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and male exclusivity in the Catholic Church?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=915.76,920.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are some authors that maintain","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=920.61,925.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that once the sexual exclusivity of celibacy is eliminated,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=925.27,930.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we'll see women as priests.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=933.93,938.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, that's an excellent question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=942.06,946.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think this would be one of those benefits,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=948.85,953.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"possible benefits of loosening the requirement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=954.6,958.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I mentioned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=958.55,959.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't specify what they were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=959.383,960.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I think this would be one of the benefits,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=960.31,963.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that you would get a less...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=963.34,967.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You get a more representative perspective","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=970.24,973.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within the clergy, within preaching, within pastoral work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=973.32,978.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, I don't think we should be naive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=978.97,981.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and assume that just because you, let's say","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=982.91,986.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"start ordaining married men,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=986.16,988.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you're gonna do away with sexism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=988.1,990.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or that suddenly there's going to be this great change","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=991.507,995.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and openness towards women's, let's say leadership","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=995.12,1000.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the pastoral work in the church.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1000.76,1005.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not convinced that that would happen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1005.06,1007.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, there are the old boy network (chuckling),","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1008.86,1012.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not talking about the clerical network,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1012.55,1013.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I mean in society has been there for a long 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of,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1069.09,1074.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or broadness of perspective,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1077.86,1080.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it would probably help some of the gender exclusivity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1081.455,1086.455"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, someone mentioned I think to us recently that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1091.6,1096.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was Father Fahey who was here a few weeks ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1099.75,1103.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he said, \"The big change will happen","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1103.04,1104.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you start to have married men in the seminary","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1104.95,1109.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because there'll be living there with their wives,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1109.17,1111.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's their wives who will be having the 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here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1128.68,1133.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)\nand that would be a good-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1133.952,1136.079"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Not a pretty sight.\nWhat's that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1136.079,1137.946"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Not a pretty sight.\nNot a pretty sight.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1137.946,1139.739"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1139.739,1140.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think she's a pretty sight.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1140.67,1142.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Would you comment on the current practice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1145.4,1148.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Episcopalian priests converting to Catholicism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1148.64,1153.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"married Episcopalian priests converting to Catholicism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1155.57,1158.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're allowed to become ordained as Catholic priests","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1159.75,1162.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after they convert?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1162.36,1163.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1165.64,1166.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's just one of, actually many examples","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1166.473,1169.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of ways in which there are already married priests","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1169.72,1173.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Catholic tradition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1173.26,1177.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one thing I didn't refer to,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1177.51,1180.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but there are numerous married 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Rome.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1185.13,1186.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was a history professor at Notre Dame","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1188.136,1190.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Greek Catholic Melkite right,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1190.02,1192.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"married man who was the priest of that parish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1192.87,1197.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, I think your 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Catholicism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1208.95,1211.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"precisely to leave a church that has women priests.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1212.89,1217.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, again, sexual inclusiveness","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1219.11,1223.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doesn't necessarily lead to gender inclusiveness.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1230.76,1234.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e During the, from the 4th century to the 11th century,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1239.84,1243.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was there any writing about the contradiction really","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1244.46,1248.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between the sacramentality of marriage, including sex,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1248.43,1253.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the fact that you ask married priests","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1254.07,1258.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to abstain from their husband duty","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1258.05,1263.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or to really make the marriage of their life?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1263.18,1268.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, well, I mean, I have to say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1270.294,1273.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not as familiar with that period,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1273.84,1278.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the period from the 5th century to the 12th century","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1279.72,1284.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I am with the earlier period-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1284.13,1286.238"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e What was the question?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1286.238,1287.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, the question was, in the time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1287.36,1290.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the period from the 4th century to the 12th century,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1290.96,1294.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was there a discussion among Christians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1294.45,1299.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the contradiction between the permanence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1300.11,1303.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and sacramentality of marriage on the one hand","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1303.17,1305.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the separation of the married priests from their wives?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1305.69,1310.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, what there is, is there's considerable legislation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1314.69,1319.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dealing with what to do with the wives (chuckling),","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1319.75,1322.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there's different viewpoints.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1322.557,1326.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, you have some people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1326.75,1328.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"saying that priests should not leave their wives,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1328.36,1331.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they have to be celibate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1331.08,1332.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they're not to abandon their wives.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1332.23,1334.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At some points you had that in the legislation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1334.36,1336.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at other points you have a requirement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1336.44,1340.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there'd be a physical separation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1340.08,1343.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they not live in the same house,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1343.01,1344.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the woman enter into a convent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1344.38,1348.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You also have legislation requiring","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1348.13,1350.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the wife agree to that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1350.24,1353.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it can't be a unilateral decision.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1353.33,1355.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you have that kind of thing in the legislation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1355.39,1359.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In terms of the real question I think you were asking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1359.1,1361.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was the theological issue of the sacramentality of marriage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1361.83,1366.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, you know, one of the things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1367.76,1368.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the sacramentality of marriage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1368.95,1371.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we take somebody like Augustine,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1371.91,1374.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's his understanding of the sacramentality of marriage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1375.481,1377.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that becomes the Western view,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1377.85,1380.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what sacramentality meant was permanence,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1380.14,1385.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the sacrament remained permanent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1385.43,1389.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The bond was there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1389.93,1391.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even if you were no longer living together and having sex.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1393.39,1398.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in fact, Augustine's view,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1398.14,1399.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this is still the Catholic view,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1399.37,1401.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this is why divorce and remarriage is not allowed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1401.77,1406.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the second marriage is not recognized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1406.61,1411.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a valid marriage because the first one is still in 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contradiction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1416.55,1419.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is, you could be a celibate, a married priest,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1419.59,1424.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you could have separated from your wife,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1425.63,1427.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and usually this would've happened when people were older,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1427.14,1429.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after they had had children,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1429.84,1432.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the bond of the sacrament would have continued,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1432.0,1436.761"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would have remained.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1436.761,1438.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They simply would not have been sexually active.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1438.6,1441.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so on a theological level,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1441.61,1445.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with that understanding of sacramentality of marriage,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1445.59,1448.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there wasn't a contradiction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1448.88,1450.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is that clear?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1452.47,1453.353"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, whether that's an adequate notion of sacramentality","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1455.62,1459.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is another issue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1459.97,1461.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e What's the experience of the Orthodox church?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1461.65,1464.732"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Are they wishing they had celibate priests now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1464.732,1467.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"instead of married priests?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1467.5,1468.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Have they been satisfied with their clergy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1468.913,1472.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, in general 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place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1482.77,1484.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the regulation that has been in place for ages.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1484.6,1489.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And from what I can tell, again, since I'm not Orthodox,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1489.03,1493.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't have the insider's viewpoint,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1493.63,1496.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but my sense is that married 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hierarchy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1506.17,1511.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know, monks thinking they're better","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1511.34,1513.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than the married priest, but...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1513.08,1515.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's possible, but I don't know that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1516.884,1519.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but certainly it has not, from what I know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1519.75,1523.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it has not caused any insurmountable problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1523.43,1526.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e That's a perfect example, actually of why","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1527.91,1530.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"having married priests is not going to necessarily","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1532.562,1535.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"open the door to women.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1535.81,1537.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because we've had, in Orthodox,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1538.5,1540.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm Orthodox, I was born Orthodox, serving Orthodox,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1540.58,1542.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we've had married priests for years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1544.482,1546.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you can find the ultimate drawers shut pretty tightly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1546.85,1551.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against a woman coming even close to the Orthodox Church.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1552.76,1557.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, actually, I should've thought of that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1559.1,1560.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in response to the other question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1560.67,1563.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there, I think we have cultural explanations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1563.04,1567.537"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Crystal?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1573.68,1574.611"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Can you comment about the recent sex scandals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1574.611,1577.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and sort of how that has affected the mystique","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1577.39,1580.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the priesthood and the pressure from the laity now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1580.47,1583.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like you said earlier, 4th century pressure","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1583.51,1584.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the laity saying that celibacy was the ideal,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1584.71,1588.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that helped change,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1588.29,1590.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it helped make celibacy become more common","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1590.46,1592.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"among priests at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1592.43,1594.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How many of it might be happening in the opposite wing now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1594.2,1596.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that laity are commenting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1596.77,1599.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this is not a mystique thing anymore,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1599.64,1602.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we believe that marriage is real","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1602.17,1606.468"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and more ideal than that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1606.468,1607.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that that might be affecting the church.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1607.64,1610.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, you know, actually at one point,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1612.64,1614.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one version of this, of the principles at the end there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1614.84,1618.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at one point there was a sixth one,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1618.35,1620.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it was the fifth in the list,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1620.5,1622.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but there was gonna be an extra one,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1622.73,1624.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it was gonna be about the theology of marriage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1624.63,1627.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because I think there have been clearly as dramatic 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marriage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1633.46,1637.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the last, let's say 100 years than on priesthood.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1637.72,1642.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think a condition for any change in the 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marriage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1658.17,1662.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, you know, I think in many ways that has been neglected,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1662.72,1667.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not to mention all the sort of negative aspects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1667.79,1670.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Catholic perspectives on sex.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1670.78,1674.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, I think one of the things that's gonna 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emphasis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1683.08,1685.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the priest as the spouse of the church, you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1685.07,1687.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's really been the dominant metaphor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1687.92,1690.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it seems to me that those who wanna push that metaphor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1690.5,1695.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tend to think that there is a necessary 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isn't,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1702.63,1705.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's a lot of people who think there is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1706.85,1708.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think what it's gonna 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symbol","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1724.71,1729.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or sacrament for the priesthood","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1729.25,1732.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than an impediment to it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1732.22,1735.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"David, the guy right behind you, and then you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1736.6,1738.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(chuckling) sorry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1738.133,1741.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I appreciate you letting open-minded Methodists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1742.91,1745.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into this room tonight.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1745.7,1747.072"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1747.072,1748.898"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I hope as members of the Catholic church","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1748.898,1750.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and many of my friends here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1750.97,1752.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you as members will stand up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1752.73,1754.044"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and address the leadership of your church.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1754.044,1757.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've got faith that you'll do that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1757.32,1758.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"call for that right away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1758.87,1761.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The question tonight, though really 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financial.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1769.37,1770.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you see that-\nPartly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1770.25,1772.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e as a continuing interest today","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1772.31,1775.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the assets or liabilities of the Catholic tradition?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1775.46,1779.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, not in the same way, I don't 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appointment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1795.76,1798.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of its own priests and bishops,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1798.73,1800.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because these were controlled by laity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1800.93,1803.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it was tied up with the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1803.14,1805.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that churches were often 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appointments.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1810.48,1815.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then, churches tended to be associated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1815.86,1820.607"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the physical endowments, land, property,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1822.968,1827.968"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which then when you had married priests were passed on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1828.46,1831.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's a different sort of thing, you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1831.68,1836.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, I don't see the-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1836.2,1837.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Health insurance, and housing, and all those concerns-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1837.38,1840.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, um, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1840.77,1845.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, yeah, it was that sort of 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be,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1848.81,1853.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's going to be inevitable disruption,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1853.71,1856.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and certainly the...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1856.25,1861.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I suppose that that could be one aspect of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1864.768,1867.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I suspect the main reasons 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theological,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1877.56,1879.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and somewhat wanting to preserve,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1879.1,1881.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether it's right or wrong, wanting to 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issue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1894.659,1896.009"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Scott?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1898.28,1899.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1899.113,1899.946"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Instead of back in three,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1901.35,1903.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we could have Montreal at one,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1903.68,1906.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they have much better hotels.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1906.46,1908.308"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1908.308,1911.308"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why is this such a hot topic in our culture,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1912.97,1916.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"meaning the United States right now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1916.3,1918.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and is it a hot topic for the rest of the universal church?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1918.92,1923.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And maybe perhaps comment on the particulars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1923.44,1928.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of why it is a topic now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1928.44,1930.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and perhaps comment on why we don't have more priests today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1930.58,1935.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why are less and less men coming forward?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1938.04,1942.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, several questions there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1943.23,1946.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and sorry David, you should jump up next to (chuckling).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1946.28,1949.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A couple of things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1950.275,1952.759"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The point you made, again,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1952.759,1954.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was something that I had wanted to talk about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1954.55,1956.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that is, the global context of this discussion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1958.06,1963.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of the things I read, an article I read","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1963.99,1967.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the last few weeks preparing for this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1967.39,1969.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gave a very, very interesting example.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1969.27,1971.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it was a discussion that took place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1971.53,1973.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at Bishops' synod, I think it was 1971,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1973.85,1978.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where you had a Bishop or Cardinal from an African country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1979.37,1984.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"saying it was absolutely essential that their bishops","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1985.49,1990.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and their priests be married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1990.6,1993.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That in that culture, it was simply assumed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1993.01,1996.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that a leader was married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=1996.46,1999.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then, so another Bishop from, it was an Asian country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2000.58,2004.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where Buddhism was the dominant influence,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2004.63,2008.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that person made exactly the opposite point,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2008.08,2010.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that in his culture, it would simply be assumed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2010.93,2013.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that a leader or a priest would be unmarried.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2013.7,2017.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, it seems to me that this is the kind of issue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2017.52,2021.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is probably best left","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2021.64,2024.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to regional Episcopal conferences.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2024.6,2029.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is, in certain cultures, in certain context,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2029.003,2033.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's going to be appropriate, maybe even necessary","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2033.2,2038.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in others, it's not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2040.83,2042.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, I think it's one of those issues","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2042.66,2044.434"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's gotta be dealt with that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2044.434,2048.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of your other questions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2049.95,2051.889"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why is there so much discussion now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2051.889,2055.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but also why are there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2055.88,2057.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why is there the decrease in priestly vocations?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2058.69,2062.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is a fascinating question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2065.22,2070.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One possibility is that, particularly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2072.34,2076.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I should say this is especially,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2078.0,2079.017"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is a view that's especially held","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2079.017,2080.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by those who want to continue the tradition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2080.82,2085.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of having celebrate priests and excluding married people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2085.04,2089.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the view is that since the Second Vatican Council,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2091.37,2096.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's been a decline in the sense","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2097.56,2099.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the sacral character,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2099.32,2100.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the special character of the priesthood.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2100.95,2104.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is, there was a time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2104.12,2105.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when it was considered a great honor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2105.55,2109.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to have a priest in your family for a Catholic family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2109.79,2114.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that whole sense has sort of evaporated,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2115.61,2119.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"disappeared in the last 20 or 30 years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2119.3,2124.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, some people see that there's been a 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altogether.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2134.45,2139.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then sometimes this is correlated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2140.41,2142.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with changes in the 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possibly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2183.42,2188.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to expand its understanding of what ministry is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2189.82,2193.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to acknowledge that there are different kinds of people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2193.48,2197.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"married and maybe eventually women","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2199.75,2204.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who can serve in the church as prophets, priests","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2204.51,2209.039"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and pastors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2209.039,2211.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, I don't see it as necessarily a bad 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be,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2225.018,2229.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it seems to me one doesn't have to interpret it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2230.81,2233.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a negative way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2233.73,2236.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, David.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2238.29,2239.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e The scandal over the bishops' handling of priests","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2241.954,2246.954"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who abused children has brought out the relationship","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2248.16,2253.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between homosexuality and the priesthood,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2254.42,2259.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a lot of it has been really ugly talk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2259.05,2261.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and prejudiced and sad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2261.37,2265.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I think there's been some talk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2265.07,2267.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's helped me to understand, for 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men.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2281.32,2282.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I just wondered if in your historical study,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2283.53,2287.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this ever came up, or is this a purely a 20th century thing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2288.06,2291.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this interest in homosexuality relationship","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2291.853,2296.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within the priesthood?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2296.013,2297.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Historically, I guess I don't see it emerging","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2301.93,2306.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a question that gets any kind of focus in the tradition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2306.62,2311.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, there certainly have always been gay men","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2313.94,2318.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the clergy, and I mean, every now and then,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2319.25,2322.426"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you find legislation about it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2322.426,2324.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I guess, I haven't seen any 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society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2339.55,2344.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I guess.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2346.34,2347.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Does that? Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2349.1,2351.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I think you should put in your sixth principle-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2355.45,2356.397"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh. (laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2356.397,2357.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e but I also think there's another issue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2357.23,2360.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's under the bottom of it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2360.64,2363.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you've sort of hinted around it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2363.6,2366.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that the long tradition in 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distinction,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2377.12,2380.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that that is really, in a sense,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2380.22,2383.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of those things that makes it difficult","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2383.05,2384.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to have basically a theology of marriage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2384.63,2386.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that includes sexuality in a very positive role","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2386.91,2390.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that therefore that that almost agnostic stuff","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2390.0,2395.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and other things that put the spiritual over the physical,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2395.07,2398.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't see, in a sense, the integration of that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2398.86,2402.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as being one of the problematics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2402.38,2403.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of just the whole thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2403.92,2405.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's a big, larger question","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2405.57,2407.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's just, you know, it means a revamping of spirituality,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2407.38,2410.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and of a whole notion of how do we relate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2410.12,2414.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what we mean in the Greek, when we use the Greek notion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2414.67,2419.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as opposed to a much more integral notion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2419.05,2421.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you might find in some other cultural discussions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2421.25,2425.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the relationship with body and spirit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2425.59,2427.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or body and soul or whatever you wanna use that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2427.78,2430.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But that's really, I think one of the problems, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2430.22,2432.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, let me break it down to you, what that means.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2432.5,2436.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It means that in my church, a few weeks ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2436.51,2439.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was preached to me, in a Catholic church, unequivocally","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2439.61,2444.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that celibacy was better than marriage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2444.2,2447.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This came from the pulpit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2447.54,2449.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's what you're talking about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2449.15,2450.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that you go back and forth stuff,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2450.86,2453.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it just seems kinda goofy, whether it's rooted in-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2453.28,2456.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, it's still official teaching.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2456.83,2459.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e It is official teaching? Is it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2459.43,2463.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, after Vatican 2, that celibacy is better than-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2463.83,2467.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I came across it in one of the Vatican 2 documents","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2467.97,2472.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the priesthood, not the one that I mentioned,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2474.17,2477.231"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Presbyterorum Ordinis\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2477.231,2479.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but there's another one on the training of priests.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2479.4,2482.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it occurs in passing there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2482.16,2485.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the idea of a kind of intrinsically superior way of life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2487.61,2491.724"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, so-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2491.724,2492.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Talking about the document on formation of priest?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2492.557,2493.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, formation priest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2493.57,2495.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Which would not hold the same weight-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2495.49,2497.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e No, no, this was-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2498.67,2499.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e as the official teaching of the council document.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2499.503,2502.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e No, this is one of the council documents","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2502.49,2504.369"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e that I'm referring to.\nOh, okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2504.369,2505.905"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's at odds, still.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2505.905,2507.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, it depends on what reason is given.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2509.92,2512.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, it seems to be one can hold that celibacy is better","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2512.05,2516.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it depends on what reason you give for holding that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2516.16,2521.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But just another response on John's question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2522.53,2524.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think this issue about sexuality","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2524.81,2529.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not being well integrated into spirituality","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2529.94,2533.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is certainly a problem in the Christian tradition,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2533.23,2536.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been a problem for a long time, maybe always,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2536.66,2540.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but just about always,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2540.29,2541.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's a problem in other religions as well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2542.58,2545.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in many other religious cultures.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2545.02,2549.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I had another comment on your point, (chuckling)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2552.01,2555.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it escapes me at the moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2555.95,2558.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I was just gonna note something that came to mind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2560.9,2564.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I'm listening.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2564.71,2566.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it's interesting, this sort of...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2567.21,2571.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gosh, what do I wanna say here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2571.93,2573.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The interesting crossroads that you find between celibacy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2573.95,2578.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in married life and sexuality","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2578.18,2580.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in that it's interesting that Christ was celibate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2580.35,2583.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"basically for 33 years, what have you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2583.38,2586.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, in the Old Testament,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2587.54,2589.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as well as the New Testament,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2589.33,2590.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you find it of extreme importance on reproduction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2590.51,2593.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and sanctity of control of one's self and spirituality,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2593.96,2598.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but then, not a negation of that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2599.14,2601.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but again, another level of control once you're in marriage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2601.49,2605.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's interesting, I guess,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2606.65,2609.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that perception would be that celibacy is more important","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2609.17,2612.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than marriage and sexuality,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2612.98,2615.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which in fact, if that was true,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2615.08,2616.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the world wouldn't exist as we know it today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2616.44,2618.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, it would've ended 1700 years ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2618.18,2620.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the 4th century,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2620.4,2622.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2623.676,2624.509"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just a function of numbers, I guess.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2624.509,2626.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what is the connection?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2628.8,2630.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You said that the church preaches now, or, excuse me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2630.45,2633.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"teaches now that celibacy is more important than marriage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2633.58,2637.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or sexuality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2637.33,2638.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is it actually-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2638.46,2639.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, certainly not emphasized the way it used to be,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2639.293,2642.197"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's still on the books.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2642.197,2644.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, not to a point to argue,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2644.72,2646.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but my question is strictly a question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2646.59,2650.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is it celibacy or is it a focus on sort of self-control","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2650.19,2655.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or control of losing focus,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2655.79,2659.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as in shifting the focus from sexuality away from God?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2659.9,2662.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or is it actually the act of being celibate?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2662.98,2665.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I think it's neither.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2666.48,2668.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's the idea that in celibacy-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=2673.705,2676.288"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28740/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/740/original/AV204888_Priestly_Celibacy_in_the_Catholic_Church_b.vtt?1622826525","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/740/original/AV204888_Priestly_Celibacy_in_the_Catholic_Church_b.vtt?1622826525"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28741","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204888_Priestly_Celibacy_in_the_Catholic_Church_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643/transcript/28741/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Bring many benefits to the church, as well as inevitable turmoil. But in the few minutes left, I would like to leave you not with my own opinion but with a set of principles or questions to keep in mind as you consider for yourself this issue of such great significance to the future of Catholicism. I have five principles or points. First, there is no dark doctrinal obstacle to the ordination of married, non celibate men to the Catholic priesthood. In other words, the requirement is a matter of church discipline and not church doctrine. The Second Vatican Council in its decree on the ministry and life of priests, \"Presbyterorum Ordinis\", explicitly stated that perpetual continents I quote, \"Is not demanded of the priesthood by its nature.\" End of quote. This is clear, the council declared, both from the practice of the primitive church, and they cite actually the passage from 1 Timothy that I cited from earlier and from the tradition of the Eastern churches. In fact, the bishops of Vatican 2 expressly, explicitly noted that there were many excellent priests in the Eastern churches and that the council had no intention of changing their lawful practice, that is the Eastern practice. Second, it is clear that the reasons formerly given that is back in the 4th century for the requirement are no longer the reasons that are given today. Particularly the argument based on ritual purity, which regarded sexual relations as defiling is thankfully no longer part of the Catholic rationale for the discipline of priestly celibacy. In fact, the second Vatican council emphasized that celibacy was appropriate to the priesthood because the priest was to be completely dedicated to the service of humanity in Christ. As \"Presbyterorum Ordinis\" stated, I quote, \"They, that is celibate priests, more readily cling to Him, that is Christ with undivided heart and dedicate themselves more freely in Him and through Him to the service of humanity. They are less encumbered in their service of his kingdom and of the task of heavenly regeneration.\" End quote. In other words, nowadays, the argument for clerical celibacy hinges more on the benefits of celibacy that on the defects of marriage. Third, since the Second Vatican Council, especially in the teaching of Pope John Paul the second, there's been a greater emphasis placed on the idea that the priest stands in the place of Christ, in persona Christi is the technical language that you see a lot in documents nowadays. That is, the rationale both for priesthood and for celibacy is found in the the notion that the priest is an image of Christ, the one, the supreme high priest. The notion of Christ also as the bridegroom of the church is invoked as the theological link between celibacy and priesthood. For example, Pope John Paul the second in a 1992 document, \"Pastores Dabo Vobis\", I will give you priests, wrote this. I quote, \"The church as the spouse of Jesus Christ, wishes to be loved by the priest in the total and exclusive manner in which Jesus Christ her head and spouse loved her. Priestly celibacy then is the gift of self in and with Christ to His church, and expresses the priest's service to the church in and with the Lord.\" End quote. Forth, like most aspects of the churches thought and practice, the theology of priesthood itself is still undergoing evolution. As S.J Avery Dulles, who's now Cardinal Dulles noted in his recent book, \"The Priestly Office: A Theological Reflection\", in the 16th century, The Council of Trent, when it defined priesthood, it placed almost exclusive emphasis on the role of the priest in consecrating the Eucharist as a sacrifice and on administering penance and a trend especially focused on points that Protestants had rejected. By contrast, Dulles points out, The Second Vatican Council developed a threefold understanding of the ministerial priesthood. Priesthood, according to Vatican 2 is to involve three dimensions. One, a prophetic dimension, which is seen primarily as preaching and teaching the word of God. Secondly, a priestly dimension per se that is performing the functions associated with worship, especially the Eucharist, and third a pastoral function that is overseeing and administering the Christian community. Any attempt to rethink the celibacy requirement has to consider the impact of a married clergy, whether it's gonna be positive or negative on all three of these dimensions of the priesthood, not just on the sacrificial or ritual one. And finally, if the church should move to ordain married men to the priesthood, it will be important, I think, for the church to continue to foster the Christian vocation to celibacy, whether within the priesthood, or outside of it. Celibacy, for the sake of the kingdom of God, has been a long and venerable tradition within Catholicism. It's been practiced by men and women by lay and clergy alike. It is a witness, moreover, that most other Christian denominations do not preserve. Some people have argued that the law of priestly celibacy helps to keep this tradition alive. Other people argue that the specific gift or charism of celibacy gets obscured when it's not a gift, but a law. I do not know exactly what the future holds on this matter but I do know that there will always be a place within the church for the gift of radical commitment, that is the celibate life. Thank you. I'll ask timed questions. Yeah, better go to the mic.\r\n\r\n- I'm still confused about what the motivation is behind it. Sorry, you said it started, or maybe predated the 4th century that sex was considered impure. And I don't understand why, why sexuality would be an encumberment to a spiritual life. I'm still not quite-\r\n\r\n- Well, it is a very complex topic and a lot of... I'm sorry, okay. Yeah, very complex topic, an awful lot of study has been done on the question. There's no simple answer. I'll give you just several possibilities and these are not exclusive possibilities, but they all play a part, okay? One thing is that, in the ancient world, particularly in certain occurrence of especially Greek philosophy, there's a strong bias against the physical, against the material. It's built into much of ancient philosophy, particularly in platonic tradition. And many early Christian thinkers, especially somebody like this guy Origen in the 3rd century bought into this notion that the spiritual... That there's a sort of antagonism in some ways between the spiritual world and the physical. Well, sexuality is so blatantly physical, that many people felt instinctively that it was a sort of irrational animal side of the person and that the more it was repressed or denied, the better, okay? So there's that philosophical kind of element there. Also, and again, this is there right in the beginning of early Christianity, there's also a kind of tradition, and this may inform some of those radical sayings of Jesus, particularly the one about being coming eunuchs for the kingdom, and the notion that in the resurrection, there will be no marriage, which are probably pretty legitimate sayings of Jesus, it comes from a sense that celibacy represented the perfect life, even if it was a physical life, it represented the perfect life of the angels, or of the resurrection. That is, as long as you're in the world or as long as you're producing children, it sort of ties you to life in the world. Whereas celibacy is seen as a sort of foretaste in some ways of the future life of the resurrection. And so that's a big part of it. So you have these two traditions and they're not entirely compatible, but they're both there in early Christianity. Then what you also have, and I think this is the case in the 3rd century, and then it really becomes the case in the 4th century, is that in the 3rd century, Christianity had spread very widely. And so it's there that you begin to see a sense that, well, there needs to be an elite. That is, most Christians are sort of, you know, just average people. And so it's really in the 3rd century we start to get this idea that there needs to be an elite. There are some Christians who are really special, perfect, elite, and celibacy becomes a way of separating them out. Can you find this in the 3rd century? Partly, because as I said, Christianity is spreading. When you get to the 4th century, the Roman emperors become Christian. Now everybody, or almost everybody is a Christian. Even contemporary observers pointed out that, well, this may not be a very good thing for the church because, you know, with everybody becoming Christian, the standards sort of go down. And so this tendency, which was already there like I said in the 3rd century, becomes even more pronounced in the 4th century. That is the tendency to need to look to this elite group, those who usually they identify with monastic life, those who reject possessions, those who reject sex, those reject attachments to life in the world. So, you know, it's a complex phenomenon and the whole issue of clerical celibacy or priestly celibacy is just one part of the picture, because a lot of the people who are adopting celibacy in the third and 4th century are not priest at all, they're laity. And I, as I suggested earlier, I think that's one of the reasons why, in a sense, there's this pressure on the clergy to adopt celibacy, and it's tends to keep up with the laity and maybe especially the women. Tom?\r\n\r\n- You know, I did have a lot of Catholic education, and a lot of it's been concentrated on things you shouldn't do, sex and all these sorts of things and it seem to me that there's an over-concentration on this. Now, if you look back at the Gospels, it seems to me that one of the important messages there is to do unto others as you would do unto yourself. You have the good Samaritan story. I don't find any stories in the Gospels against sex at all, do you? And my question is, did the Catholic church really give off- and neglected really the central message of Christianity?\r\n\r\n- Oh, well, it's a big question. It does seem to be the case that sexuality came to bear, that is, the acceptance or rejection of it, particularly the rejection of it, came to bear disproportionate degree of the responsibility or the weight for defining holiness, really. I mean, I think that's the case. And why that happened, I think is somethings scholars, historians of the ancient world and the medieval church still wonder about, why that happened. Now, there are certainly sayings of Jesus in the scriptures that do refer to sexual activity or at least this sort of lifestyle of radical discipleship, you know, some of the things that I mentioned. But, I mean, I think you're right in a real sense, that in the Catholic tradition, the sexuality really became a problematic... An excessive preoccupation, I think would be a good way to put it. Maybe you should go up to the mic please.\r\n\r\n- Would you comment on any relationship that you see in your studies between sexual exclusivity and male exclusivity in the Catholic Church? There are some authors that maintain that once the sexual exclusivity of celibacy is eliminated, we'll see women as priests.\r\n\r\n- Well, that's an excellent question. I think this would be one of those benefits, possible benefits of loosening the requirement that I mentioned. I didn't specify what they were but I think this would be one of the benefits, is that you would get a less... You get a more representative perspective within the clergy, within preaching, within pastoral work. However, I don't think we should be naive and assume that just because you, let's say start ordaining married men, that you're gonna do away with sexism, or that suddenly there's going to be this great change and openness towards women's, let's say leadership in the pastoral work in the church. I'm not convinced that that would happen. I mean, there are the old boy network , not talking about the clerical network, but I mean in society has been there for a long time without celibacy. But, yes, I think it would help. And, you know what I mean, to give a very specific instance and I think this is what Jay Dolan was referring to in the quotation I started with, that certain decisions that the church has made, particularly on the sexual abuse matter, that is the tendency to cover up and move pedophile priests from parish to parish and so forth, it's hard to imagine that happening at least to the same extent if there had been married priests involved in the discussions, people whose own children were at risk. So, I mean, I do think it would bring some healthiness of, or broadness of perspective, and it would probably help some of the gender exclusivity. I mean, someone mentioned I think to us recently that, it was Father Fahey who was here a few weeks ago, and he said, \"The big change will happen when you start to have married men in the seminary because there'll be living there with their wives, and it's their wives who will be having the impact on the clergy.\" And I can see this. If I were to seek ordination, my colleagues would have to deal with my wife here, and that would be a good-\r\n\r\n- Not a pretty sight.\r\n\r\n- What's that?\r\n\r\n- Not a pretty sight.\r\n\r\n- Not a pretty sight. I think she's a pretty sight.\r\n\r\n- Would you comment on the current practice of Episcopalian priests converting to Catholicism, married Episcopalian priests converting to Catholicism, they're allowed to become ordained as Catholic priests after they convert?\r\n\r\n- Well, yeah. And that's just one of, actually many examples of ways in which there are already married priests in the Catholic tradition. And one thing I didn't refer to, but there are numerous married priests in Eastern Catholic churches that are in communion with Rome. There was a history professor at Notre Dame in the Greek Catholic Melkite right, married man who was the priest of that parish. However, I think your question is very much related to this one, because sometimes it's the case that people have come from Episcopalianism into Catholicism, into Roman Catholicism, precisely to leave a church that has women priests. And so, again, sexual inclusiveness doesn't necessarily lead to gender inclusiveness.\r\n\r\n- During the, from the 4th century to the 11th century, was there any writing about the contradiction really between the sacramentality of marriage, including sex, and the fact that you ask married priests to abstain from their husband duty or to really make the marriage of their life?\r\n\r\n- Yeah, well, I mean, I have to say, I'm not as familiar with that period, with the period from the 5th century to the 12th century as I am with the earlier period-\r\n\r\n- What was the question?\r\n\r\n- Oh, the question was, in the time, in the period from the 4th century to the 12th century, was there a discussion among Christians about the contradiction between the permanence and sacramentality of marriage on the one hand and the separation of the married priests from their wives? Well, what there is, is there's considerable legislation dealing with what to do with the wives , and there's different viewpoints. I mean, you have some people saying that priests should not leave their wives, they have to be celibate, but they're not to abandon their wives. At some points you had that in the legislation, at other points you have a requirement that there'd be a physical separation, that they not live in the same house, that the woman enter into a convent. You also have legislation requiring that the wife agree to that, it can't be a unilateral decision. So you have that kind of thing in the legislation. In terms of the real question I think you were asking was the theological issue of the sacramentality of marriage. And, you know, one of the things about the sacramentality of marriage. If we take somebody like Augustine, and it's his understanding of the sacramentality of marriage that becomes the Western view, what sacramentality meant was permanence, and the sacrament remained permanent. The bond was there, even if you were no longer living together and having sex. And in fact, Augustine's view, and this is still the Catholic view, that this is why divorce and remarriage is not allowed because the second marriage is not recognized as a valid marriage because the first one is still in place. And so the thinking would be that there wouldn't be a contradiction. That is, you could be a celibate, a married priest, you could have separated from your wife, and usually this would've happened when people were older, after they had had children, but the bond of the sacrament would have continued, would have remained. They simply would not have been sexually active. And so on a theological level, with that understanding of sacramentality of marriage, there wasn't a contradiction. Is that clear? I mean, whether that's an adequate notion of sacramentality is another issue.\r\n\r\n- What's the experience of the Orthodox church? Are they wishing they had celibate priests now instead of married priests? Have they been satisfied with their clergy?\r\n\r\n- Yes, in general terms. I think it's clear that this is the custom that has been in place and the regulation that has been in place for ages. And from what I can tell, again, since I'm not Orthodox, I don't have the insider's viewpoint, but my sense is that married priests in the Eastern church are completely well accepted. I don't know if there tends to be a sort of hierarchy, you know, monks thinking they're better than the married priest, but... And that's possible, but I don't know that, but certainly it has not, from what I know, it has not caused any insurmountable problems.\r\n\r\n- That's a perfect example, actually of why having married priests is not going to necessarily open the door to women. Because we've had, in Orthodox, I'm Orthodox, I was born Orthodox, serving Orthodox, we've had married priests for years, and you can find the ultimate drawers shut pretty tightly against a woman coming even close to the Orthodox Church.\r\n\r\n- Yeah, actually, I should've thought of that in response to the other question. And there, I think we have cultural explanations. Crystal?\r\n\r\n- Can you comment about the recent sex scandals and sort of how that has affected the mystique of the priesthood and the pressure from the laity now, like you said earlier, 4th century pressure from the laity saying that celibacy was the ideal, and that helped change, it helped make celibacy become more common among priests at that time. How many of it might be happening in the opposite wing now that laity are commenting that this is not a mystique thing anymore, that we believe that marriage is real and more ideal than that, and that that might be affecting the church.\r\n\r\n- Yeah, you know, actually at one point, one version of this, of the principles at the end there, at one point there was a sixth one, and it was the fifth in the list, but there was gonna be an extra one, and it was gonna be about the theology of marriage. Because I think there have been clearly as dramatic changes, maybe more dramatic changes in Catholic perspectives on marriage in the last, let's say 100 years than on priesthood. And I think a condition for any change in the requirement is going to be an appreciation of the genuinely spiritual and religious vocation to marriage. And, you know, I think in many ways that has been neglected, not to mention all the sort of negative aspects of Catholic perspectives on sex. So, I think one of the things that's gonna happen is that, and this may eventually sort of connect with Pope John Paul the second's emphasis on the priest as the spouse of the church, you know, that's really been the dominant metaphor. And it seems to me that those who wanna push that metaphor tend to think that there is a necessary connection between priesthood and celibacy, even though the Vatican Council said there isn't, there's a lot of people who think there is. And I think what it's gonna take is a further development of a theology of marriage and an appreciation of the notion that, the self-giving that's involved in marriage may actually be a kind of appropriate symbol or sacrament for the priesthood rather than an impediment to it. David, the guy right behind you, and then you, sorry.\r\n\r\n- Well, I appreciate you letting open-minded Methodists into this room tonight. I hope as members of the Catholic church and many of my friends here, you as members will stand up and address the leadership of your church. I've got faith that you'll do that, call for that right away. The question tonight, though really seriously, the 11th century, the reason to reinforce the requirement was financial. Do you see that-\r\n\r\n- Partly.\r\n\r\n- as a continuing interest today on the assets or liabilities of the Catholic tradition?\r\n\r\n- Well, not in the same way, I don't think. I mean, in the 11th century, the problem was that there was a genuine... The church had genuine difficulty maintaining any kind of control over the appointment of its own priests and bishops, because these were controlled by laity, and it was tied up with the fact that churches were often established and endowed by secular rulers who wanted to continue to control the appointments. And then, churches tended to be associated with the physical endowments, land, property, which then when you had married priests were passed on. So it's a different sort of thing, you know? I mean, I don't see the-\r\n\r\n- Health insurance, and housing, and all those concerns-\r\n\r\n- Yeah, um, yeah. Well, yeah, it was that sort of thing that I referred to when I said it's going to be, when it happens, if it happens, it's going to be, there's going to be inevitable disruption, and certainly the... I suppose that that could be one aspect of it. But I suspect the main reasons though, are more of a deeper nature than that, somewhat theological, and somewhat wanting to preserve, whether it's right or wrong, wanting to preserve the special, sacred character of priesthood. And that's a serious issue. Scott?\r\n\r\n- Yeah. Instead of back in three, we could have Montreal at one, they have much better hotels. Why is this such a hot topic in our culture, meaning the United States right now, and is it a hot topic for the rest of the universal church? And maybe perhaps comment on the particulars of why it is a topic now and perhaps comment on why we don't have more priests today. Why are less and less men coming forward?\r\n\r\n- Well, several questions there and sorry David, you should jump up next to . A couple of things. The point you made, again, was something that I had wanted to talk about, and that is, the global context of this discussion. One of the things I read, an article I read in the last few weeks preparing for this, gave a very, very interesting example. I think it was a discussion that took place at Bishops' synod, I think it was 1971, where you had a Bishop or Cardinal from an African country saying it was absolutely essential that their bishops and their priests be married. That in that culture, it was simply assumed that a leader was married. And then, so another Bishop from, it was an Asian country, where Buddhism was the dominant influence, and that person made exactly the opposite point, that in his culture, it would simply be assumed that a leader or a priest would be unmarried. And so, it seems to me that this is the kind of issue that is probably best left to regional Episcopal conferences. That is, in certain cultures, in certain context, it's going to be appropriate, maybe even necessary and in others, it's not. And so, I think it's one of those issues that's gotta be dealt with that way. One of your other questions, why is there so much discussion now, but also why are there, why is there the decrease in priestly vocations? This is a fascinating question. One possibility is that, particularly, and I should say this is especially, this is a view that's especially held by those who want to continue the tradition of having celebrate priests and excluding married people, the view is that since the Second Vatican Council, there's been a decline in the sense of the sacral character, the special character of the priesthood. That is, there was a time when it was considered a great honor to have a priest in your family for a Catholic family. And that whole sense has sort of evaporated, disappeared in the last 20 or 30 years. So, some people see that there's been a problem with this loss of a kind of sacred identity, or simply loss of identity altogether. And then sometimes this is correlated with changes in the liturgy, with less kind of hierarchical and less sort of, I guess, higher attic, you know, special, sacred kind of experience at liturgy. You know, that's possible. And, you know, maybe in some places, that's a factor, but I guess I tend to see, and this may sound kind of heretical, but I tend to see the decline in vocations as a good thing in a certain way. Because it is forcing the Catholic church, possibly, to expand its understanding of what ministry is, to acknowledge that there are different kinds of people, married and maybe eventually women who can serve in the church as prophets, priests and pastors. And so, I don't see it as necessarily a bad thing that there has been this decline in priestly vocations. It's hard to tell what the ultimate outcome is going to be, but it seems to me one doesn't have to interpret it in a negative way. Yeah, David.\r\n\r\n- The scandal over the bishops' handling of priests who abused children has brought out the relationship between homosexuality and the priesthood, and a lot of it has been really ugly talk and prejudiced and sad. But I think there's been some talk that's helped me to understand, for example, the attractiveness in our culture, where homosexuals are discriminated against and so forth, the attractiveness of the priesthood for gay men. And I just wondered if in your historical study, this ever came up, or is this a purely a 20th century thing, this interest in homosexuality relationship within the priesthood?\r\n\r\n- Historically, I guess I don't see it emerging as a question that gets any kind of focus in the tradition. I mean, there certainly have always been gay men in the clergy, and I mean, every now and then, you find legislation about it, but I guess, I haven't seen any discussion in the ancient or medieval sources that treated any differently than anywhere else in society, I guess. Does that? Okay.\r\n\r\n- I think you should put in your sixth principle-\r\n\r\n- Oh.\r\n\r\n- but I also think there's another issue that's under the bottom of it, and you've sort of hinted around it, is that the long tradition in discussions, in theology of preserving the Greek dualistic spiritual-physical distinction, and that that is really, in a sense, one of those things that makes it difficult to have basically a theology of marriage that includes sexuality in a very positive role and that therefore that that almost agnostic stuff and other things that put the spiritual over the physical, I don't see, in a sense, the integration of that as being one of the problematics in terms of just the whole thing. And it's a big, larger question it's just, you know, it means a revamping of spirituality, and of a whole notion of how do we relate, what we mean in the Greek, when we use the Greek notion, as opposed to a much more integral notion you might find in some other cultural discussions of the relationship with body and spirit or body and soul or whatever you wanna use that. But that's really, I think one of the problems, I think.\r\n\r\n- Well, let me break it down to you, what that means. It means that in my church, a few weeks ago, it was preached to me, in a Catholic church, unequivocally that celibacy was better than marriage. This came from the pulpit. So that's what you're talking about, is that you go back and forth stuff, and it just seems kinda goofy, whether it's rooted in-\r\n\r\n- Well, it's still official teaching.\r\n\r\n- It is official teaching? Is it? I mean, after Vatican 2, that celibacy is better than-\r\n\r\n- I came across it in one of the Vatican 2 documents on the priesthood, not the one that I mentioned, \"Presbyterorum Ordinis\", but there's another one on the training of priests. And it occurs in passing there, the idea of a kind of intrinsically superior way of life. Yeah, so-\r\n\r\n- Talking about the document on formation of priest?\r\n\r\n- Yeah, formation priest.\r\n\r\n- Which would not hold the same weight-\r\n\r\n- No, no, this was-\r\n\r\n- as the official teaching of the council document.\r\n\r\n- No, this is one of the council documents that I'm referring to.\r\n\r\n- Oh, okay. So it's at odds, still.\r\n\r\n- Well, it depends on what reason is given. I mean, it seems to be one can hold that celibacy is better but it depends on what reason you give for holding that. But just another response on John's question, I think this issue about sexuality not being well integrated into spirituality is certainly a problem in the Christian tradition, has been a problem for a long time, maybe always, but just about always, it's a problem in other religions as well, in many other religious cultures. I had another comment on your point, but it escapes me at the moment.\r\n\r\n- I was just gonna note something that came to mind as I'm listening. I think it's interesting, this sort of... gosh, what do I wanna say here? The interesting crossroads that you find between celibacy and in married life and sexuality in that it's interesting that Christ was celibate basically for 33 years, what have you. However, in the Old Testament, as well as the New Testament, you find it of extreme importance on reproduction and sanctity of control of one's self and spirituality, but then, not a negation of that, but again, another level of control once you're in marriage. So it's interesting, I guess, that perception would be that celibacy is more important than marriage and sexuality, which in fact, if that was true, the world wouldn't exist as we know it today. I mean, it would've ended 1700 years ago in the 4th century, just a function of numbers, I guess. But what is the connection? You said that the church preaches now, or, excuse me, teaches now that celibacy is more important than marriage or sexuality. Is it actually-\r\n\r\n- Well, certainly not emphasized the way it used to be, but it's still on the books.\r\n\r\n- Well, not to a point to argue, but my question is strictly a question. Is it celibacy or is it a focus on sort of self-control or control of losing focus, as in shifting the focus from sexuality away from God? Or is it actually the act of being celibate?\r\n\r\n- Well, I think it's neither. It's the idea that in celibacy-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43605/file/116643#t=0.0,2683.944"}]}]}]}