{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/j09w08x17p/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Mody, Bella, Communication Technology in the Third World"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV203837 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. (accessibility)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Local Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["Lectures_AV203837"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["Per request by the creator, access to this item is restricted to scholarly use only. 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Modi","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=11.145,13.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I specialize in communication technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=13.53,16.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in third world countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=16.57,18.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I went to graduate school in this country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=18.74,21.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I am from India and then I went back","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=21.7,24.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and worked for eight years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=24.72,26.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"evaluating the impact of satellite television in India.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=26.3,30.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Satellites we use do directly broadcast","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=30.82,33.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"educational programming to villages in remote parts of India","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=33.67,37.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the first time ever in the world in the mid 1970s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=37.63,42.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I went back to graduate 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there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=61.89,64.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And when the administration changed and the funding","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=64.37,66.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for that program ended in the early eighties","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=66.92,70.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I went to Michigan state university where I run","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=70.05,73.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the open first 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telecommunication","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=77.92,79.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I specialize in third world countries, as I said.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=80.69,83.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I teach courses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=83.21,84.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on how to design media campaigns for non-profit application.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=84.61,88.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So right now I can solve for the world health organization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=88.6,91.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and UNICEF on designing media campaigns","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=91.64,95.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to prevent the transmission of AIDS.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=95.13,97.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's something that I'm doing right now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=97.08,99.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I worked in Tanzania and in Ghana two weeks ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=99.29,104.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just brought back from Ghana and in India.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=104.9,107.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in June, we will be evaluating the Geneva","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=108.14,110.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how the AIDS prevention program is going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=110.09,113.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, what am going to do today","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=113.83,115.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is share some general perspectives","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=115.93,117.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on communication technology in the third world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=117.9,120.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what I will do is speak for about 45 minutes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=121.65,124.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then we'll do it up for questions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=124.69,126.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Also, if you would like to interrupt me at any point","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=126.86,129.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"please feel free to do so, because the whole idea","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=129.68,132.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that I communicate whatever is mine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=132.44,136.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there's no way that I would do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=136.62,138.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If I have no clue whether I have you made me or not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=138.36,142.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So feel free to interrupt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=142.19,143.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Haven't I seen you before?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=146.639,147.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Me?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=147.76,148.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.( indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=148.8,150.408"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=150.408,152.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=152.75,153.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So let's then begin by defining terms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=153.92,156.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're talking about communication technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=156.89,159.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in third world countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=159.05,160.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do I mean by communication technology?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=160.47,164.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You can take it since I'm a social scientist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=164.07,166.981"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't look strictly at the hardware.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=166.981,170.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So if I look at the elements of communication systems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=170.33,173.818"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm looking at radio television, print media","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=173.818,178.818"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm looking at audio cassettes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=178.96,181.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm looking at video process reporters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=181.87,185.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm looking at computers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=185.01,187.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm looking at sidewalks and communication systems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=187.02,189.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All of those are communication technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=189.63,192.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including overhead projectors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=192.02,194.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=194.03,194.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So now when I look at them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=194.863,197.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not insisted in them as pieces of hardware alone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=197.21,200.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's a very important,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=200.96,203.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what I'm interested then","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=203.15,204.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is how they are owned and operated in a particular country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=204.58,208.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How are they financed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=208.78,210.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How are they managed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=210.54,212.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What kinds of professional values are associated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=212.27,215.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with that particular configuration of hardware?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=215.24,219.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then I'm interested in the plane that went along with it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=219.16,222.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The professional values that were transmitted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=223.17,226.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during that training.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=226.05,227.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm interested in the hardware, the programming","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=227.0,230.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the software, whether it's TV programming","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=230.01,232.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"radio programming, computer programming","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=232.05,234.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then I'm interested in who benefits from this configuration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=234.46,238.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, So when I talk about communication technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=240.17,242.837"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'm talking about all of these elements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=242.837,246.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of communication systems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=246.03,247.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay then,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=249.64,250.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're also talking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=252.3,253.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the convergence of these communication technologies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=253.43,257.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Previously, we used to talk about radio","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=257.23,259.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and television and print as if they were all separate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=259.47,262.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, increasingly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=262.88,264.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"computers and telecommunication systems are converging","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=265.86,270.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that you have a new form of technology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=270.28,274.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's extremely powerful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=274.34,276.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you can't make the distinction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=276.36,278.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between video and audio and data and voice to left-leaning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=278.51,283.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All of these things are carried","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=284.17,286.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as digits on the same transmission link.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=286.3,289.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that is a new form of communication technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=290.27,293.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is, that we should bear in mind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=293.9,296.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"also when we're talking about third world countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=296.21,298.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now given that, what I mean by communication technology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=299.707,304.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do I mean by the third word?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=304.55,306.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"frequently you hear about two thirds","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=308.81,310.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the world's population living in Asia, Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=310.94,314.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Latin America, the Middle East and the Caribbean.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=314.11,316.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Those are the people I'm referring to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=316.75,319.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now, when did this? So that includes me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=319.38,322.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It also includes native Americans, blacks, Chicano's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=322.62,326.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who live in this kind, Hispanics who live in this country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=326.44,330.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, where did the term third world come from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=330.06,334.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is analogous to the term third estate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=334.21,337.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a pre French revolution term.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=337.91,340.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's not a term that was invented 50 or 60 years ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=340.27,344.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it was defined as all those who did not belong","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=344.79,348.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the nobility or the clergy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=348.59,350.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was climbed by French authors then,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=352.96,355.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it refers to all those who did not become","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=356.3,360.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"privileged by the progress of the dominant economic system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=361.79,366.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And today, the dominant economic 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capitalism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=372.21,374.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So all those who are marginalized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=374.25,377.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who don't benefit from the capitalist 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at,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=391.09,393.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"given that, that is the third world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=393.56,395.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do we know about communication technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=395.64,399.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this third world?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=399.27,400.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have a lot of rhetoric","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=402.38,404.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we have a sense of reality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=404.5,407.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'm going to counter pose those two for you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=407.11,409.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with somebody tells me when 45 minutes is up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=411.24,414.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like at eight 45 with some","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=414.17,416.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would you give me a sort of a hand signal?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=416.09,418.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=418.52,419.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because I can, since I teach courses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=419.64,421.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the center of research, this for 20 years of my life","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=421.85,424.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I talk on and on and on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=424.69,426.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=426.81,427.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the rhetoric about communication technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=427.643,432.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the third world tents to be technology centered","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=432.21,435.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and tents to be idealistic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=435.68,437.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This rhetoric dates dropped, sort the mid 1950s","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=438.909,443.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when a political scientist at MIT","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=443.6,445.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wrote a book called The Policy Traditional Societies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=445.93,449.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the modernization of the middle East.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=449.36,451.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a guy called Daniel Lerner","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=451.56,453.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Daniel Lerner credited the mass 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scientific","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=472.32,474.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cultural organization, based in headquartered in Paris.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=474.66,477.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in the mid fifties UNESCO was dominated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=479.19,482.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by very idealistic liberal American journalists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=482.27,485.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the most 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Americans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=496.38,500.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the most part who were running UNESCO at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=500.04,503.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now configuration UNESCO's quite 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sought","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=512.504,516.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they felt what if the press","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=516.96,519.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can do this on radio to do that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=519.77,521.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe we can just stop introducing radio","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=521.71,525.307"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and television into the Third 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countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=745.61,749.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So in school and continuing education","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=749.46,752.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who can say that that's a bad 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systems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=775.874,779.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for programming in these areas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=779.21,781.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to promote health education and nutrition education,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=781.3,784.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and math 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term","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=793.598,796.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"national 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accidents","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=799.14,802.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"depending on how colonizers cut up countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=802.25,805.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Africa is the worst illustration of 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this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=852.417,853.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you can say how naive, you know","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=853.7,856.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether people feel a sense of belonging, doesn't 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incidents","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=868.83,872.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people remember and different language differences.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=872.29,875.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, but this was part of the rhetoric of 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say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=882.45,885.502"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lets introduce radio and television","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=885.502,888.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for cultural survival.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=888.08,890.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are tribal groups that are Aboriginal to this society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=890.56,894.572"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we don't know anything about, and therefore","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=894.572,896.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let's get these cultural groups to document their songs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=896.98,900.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and dances on film","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=900.44,902.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that we will be able to preserve the culture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=902.16,904.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"almost in mothballs in word and images","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=904.83,907.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let's put this in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=907.76,908.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that was part of the rhetoric that supported it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=908.82,912.688"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now let's look at the reality that we have found.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=912.688,915.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, the reality has been the following.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=916.67,919.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We talked about education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=923.48,925.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When we talked about communication technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=925.14,927.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"being introduced in the third world","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=927.64,929.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the reality has been commercial applications","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=929.6,932.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as radio and TV sets were introduced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=934.31,936.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by UNESCO and USAID and other well-intentioned agencies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=936.58,941.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What happened was that third world governments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=941.2,944.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could not support them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=944.4,945.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The financing and ownership were initially","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=946.64,950.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"imagined to be run by the government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=950.51,953.456"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Third world countries did was this Dakar to the ownership","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=953.456,958.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the financing has become increasingly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=960.095,963.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"private sector financed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=963.16,964.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and commercially support advertise advertising.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=964.97,968.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as a result of this, what has happened","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=968.44,971.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that you've got audience maximizing box office","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=971.27,975.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"enhancing programming on radio and television.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=975.65,978.599"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=978.599,979.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now remember that on the one hand, we talked","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=979.84,982.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about educational programming, educational programming","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=982.87,986.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'm speaking in broad strokes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=986.66,988.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because we have 45 minutes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=988.33,989.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are differences between Asia, Africa, Latin America","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=989.98,992.577"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the Caribbean.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=992.577,994.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But unfortunately I will answer those questions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=994.01,996.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the question time, if you're interested","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=996.45,998.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the reality is you have mindless entertainment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=999.59,1002.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on these UNESCO and USAID financed, radio and TV stations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1002.85,1007.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You have advertising that domestic corporations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1008.23,1012.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and foreign corporations advertise","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1012.42,1015.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you will see the consequences","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1015.4,1017.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of foreign advertising in this one program","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1017.73,1022.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I'm going to show you a few minutes off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1022.25,1025.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some of you may have heard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1025.12,1026.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Nestle advertising campaigns for infant formula.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1026.29,1031.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what has happened is that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1032.82,1034.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nestle produces a lot of baby food","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1034.35,1037.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and not enough babies being born in the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1038.48,1040.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Western Europe to sustain","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1040.96,1043.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the baby food production line.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1043.18,1045.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the Third world where the babies are being born","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1045.34,1047.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it makes sense to have Nestle make the baby food","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1047.68,1051.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So in this Nestle baby food was advertised","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1051.12,1054.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"massively in third world countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1054.14,1056.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now you will see the consequences","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1056.54,1058.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the reasons why third world countries do not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1058.63,1061.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"restrict this advertising a fairly complex.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1061.5,1064.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If Kenya chose to say Nestle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1064.65,1067.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we don't want you to advertise baby food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1067.53,1070.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There would be problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1070.52,1071.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the US government pertaining of age to Kenya.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1071.59,1075.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There would be problems pertaining","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1075.01,1077.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"transnational corporations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1077.57,1079.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make Nairobi their headquarters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1079.06,1081.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we look at what are the implications of financing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1081.49,1085.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The broadcasting system through advertising.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1085.7,1088.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1089.407,1090.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not only the babies are victims","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1098.55,1102.497"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"( inaudible)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1103.415,1106.082"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What happened?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1134.284,1135.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Its in between","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1135.57,1136.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1138.06,1139.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, well, let's go to the beginning of that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1139.01,1140.747"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1140.747,1141.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Second incident.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1141.58,1143.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(inaudible)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1143.553,1145.886"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"( inaudible TV sound)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1206.984,1210.151"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1695.67,1696.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think we're running out Of time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1696.503,1697.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so I will get that shorter","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1697.39,1699.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but you've got the point I was trying to make","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1699.55,1701.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you need the advertising","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1701.7,1703.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from Nestle to finance the radio system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1703.84,1707.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is why the government of Kenya takes the advertising.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1707.28,1711.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you're damned if you take it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1711.56,1713.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you're damned if you don't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1713.06,1714.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1716.35,1717.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A second realistic consequence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1717.86,1720.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"apart from the consequences","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1720.71,1722.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of advertising ,the domination by the ruling political force","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1722.28,1727.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether it be a party or a military regime","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1727.63,1730.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because as I mentioned to you, the ownership","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1730.56,1733.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this new communication technologies that were introduced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1733.37,1738.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the 60s continues to be government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1738.79,1743.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Even if financing has become increasingly probational.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1743.28,1747.707"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So when you have government owning the radio","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1748.59,1750.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and TV systems have the political domination","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1750.74,1754.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the ruling party or the ruling dictator","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1754.51,1757.245"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of whoever it is in power","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1757.245,1759.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that is an implication.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1759.74,1761.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the rhetoric, all communication technology was education","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1761.75,1766.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"culture, public service,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1767.329,1770.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the reality has been commercial","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1770.32,1772.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"exploitation and political domination.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1772.96,1775.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1779.0,1779.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why didn't we foresee this?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1781.97,1783.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You will ask, how did all of this happen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1783.54,1787.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think there were two things that we did not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1787.93,1790.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We neglected when we were making these idealistic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1790.67,1794.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"projections about communication technology, working miracles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1794.48,1798.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in third world countries, one wasn't","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1798.76,1801.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We neglected to look at the costs and what the implications","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1801.32,1804.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for operational costs for UNESCO and USA gifted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1804.74,1809.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the radio and TV stations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1809.86,1811.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So capital costs were covered, but who pays","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1811.8,1814.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the system running from day to day, those costs were not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1814.57,1818.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"factored in and third world governments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1818.52,1820.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with their increasing indebtedness","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1820.99,1822.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did not bear that in mind,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1822.783,1825.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is why they've had to take recourse","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1825.42,1827.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to commercial advertising, to run the systems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1827.33,1830.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The second thing was that people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1831.65,1833.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for lack of radio and TV systems,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1835.59,1838.278"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"computers and flip jobs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1838.278,1840.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and everything as if they would be dropped","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1840.95,1843.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into a society ,without any awareness","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1843.6,1847.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the context of that society that surrounds it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1847.92,1851.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you don't have a radio system installed in the vacuum","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1851.18,1855.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you expect radio","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1855.09,1856.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Zimbabwe to function the same way as radio in England","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1856.91,1861.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just because it bothered with the colony of England.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1861.04,1864.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1864.14,1865.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what I have drawn for you is a contextual 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country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1873.7,1877.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So radio won't be the same when USA gifted staff","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1877.85,1881.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would go visit those dinners","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1881.12,1882.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as advisor to Jamaica and helps to make","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1882.5,1885.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"set up a community radio station, which is what I did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1885.84,1888.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for three years on the contract,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1888.46,1890.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the binder system you said","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1891.47,1892.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was going to different from the system in India","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1892.74,1895.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the United States, because you're talking about Jamaica.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1895.08,1898.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Therefore what I've done is I would like to urge","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1898.84,1903.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people who are designing communication technology systems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1903.02,1906.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of third world societies to bear in mind, the scientific","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1906.34,1910.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and technical context, the socio-cultural optics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1910.88,1914.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that economic and political context.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1914.58,1917.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are illustrations of the environment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1917.34,1920.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that constraints and surrounds and conditions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1920.45,1923.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how communication will be owned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1923.62,1925.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and operated in finance and who it will benefit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1925.6,1928.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what programs will be it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1928.23,1930.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would say, of course, this is logical.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1930.083,1932.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You could, we can all see these things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1932.81,1934.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In hindsight.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1934.76,1935.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What I realized then is that in each of these dimensions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1936.66,1939.469"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you wanted to add additional dimensions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1939.469,1942.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it's necessary to look at foreign forces in the science","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1942.06,1946.137"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and technology area, national forces at the headquarters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1946.137,1950.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the country and local forces in the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1950.06,1954.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I think in terms of space.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1954.27,1957.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I rate these three levels of space apart","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1957.26,1960.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"national hands-off national,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1960.91,1963.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but each of the nature factors","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1963.25,1964.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cause that I've ordered to go here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1964.76,1966.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then I look at it all the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1966.86,1969.372"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We'll talk drag to say is the politics of economics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1969.372,1972.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the culture, of the society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1972.59,1974.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where did influence how the communication system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1974.84,1977.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is organized at this communication system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1977.1,1980.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Will with time have in fact,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1980.16,1982.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this context that produced it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1983.63,1986.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I have these events that then feedback","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1987.74,1991.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you have some political mocks of posters,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1992.03,1994.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of organizing and systems of fashion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1994.4,1996.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the political clause, they don't like what the consequences","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=1997.53,2000.939"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will provide instructions on how to change the management","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2000.939,2005.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the professional values of the system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2005.3,2008.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I build in time as a variable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2008.14,2010.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I say that we shouldn't look idealistically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2010.76,2013.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the hard way and say, we will look","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2013.54,2016.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the hard way because it's a magic multiplier","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2016.7,2019.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it can reach so many people physically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2019.76,2022.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over time with your cu radically high-quality program.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2022.37,2026.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We should look at all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2026.64,2027.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of those ideals as constrained by who owns","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2027.93,2031.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and operates the system we'll give to the system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2031.53,2034.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What are the politics of this society, economics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2034.003,2036.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the culture of the science of technology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2036.583,2039.896"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that is a contextual framework","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2039.896,2042.758"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I would go to, to look at it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2042.758,2044.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I will give you some examples how these 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country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2053.28,2058.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"radio telephones were gifted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2058.31,2060.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by USAID, to an agriculture community radio 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winner,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2245.17,2247.527"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and help him to score.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2248.38,2252.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the U S intervene through the military.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2253.007,2255.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And many of you have seen a movie about this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2255.23,2259.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The congressional testimony is available,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2259.38,2261.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but ITT officially confessed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2261.87,2264.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to using the communication technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2264.16,2266.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the country to destabilize its elected president.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2266.77,2271.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's a contextual force, ITT and its financing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2271.76,2275.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"using the communication technology in the country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2275.45,2278.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that many of us don't think about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2278.58,2281.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then we're going to see an excerpt of a video","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2283.85,2288.009"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"called Tatiana and Johnny ,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2288.009,2291.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Tatiana And Johnny would show you an example","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2291.33,2294.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of how the Catholic church constraints","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2294.7,2298.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and conditions, the kinds","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2298.55,2300.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of music, videos that are possible","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2300.21,2303.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for pro social applications, or it has an influence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2303.0,2306.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's not say constrain.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2306.02,2307.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is the context, the Catholic church in Latin America","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2307.82,2311.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the role of the Catholic church","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2311.67,2313.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in designing music videos.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2313.36,2316.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To influence family planning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2316.16,2317.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(inaudible)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2355.975,2358.308"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can you hear back their?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2363.797,2365.916"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can you hear?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=2365.916,2366.999"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25304/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/304/original/AV203837_Communication_Technology_in_the_Third_World_a.vtt?1620124127","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/304/original/AV203837_Communication_Technology_in_the_Third_World_a.vtt?1620124127"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25305","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203837_Communication_Technology_in_the_Third_World_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187/transcript/25305/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- I love what I do and thank you for inviting me here, My name is Bella Modi and I specialize in communication technology in third world countries. I went to graduate school in this country, I am from India and then I went back and worked for eight years, evaluating the impact of satellite television in India. Satellites we use do directly broadcast educational programming to villages in remote parts of India for the first time ever in the world in the mid 1970s. And I went back to graduate school and happened to land at the right time the right place and worked there for eight years. And at the end of that period, then I went, came back and was a visiting professor at Stanford and 4% at Stanford for five years, coordinating the graduate program communication and development there. And when the administration changed and the funding for that program ended in the early eighties I went to Michigan state university where I run with the open first program just basically a quality research center. And I'm a professor telecommunication I specialize in third world countries, as I said. So I teach courses on how to design media campaigns for non-profit application. So right now I can solve for the world health organization and UNICEF on designing media campaigns to prevent the transmission of AIDS. That's something that I'm doing right now. I worked in Tanzania and in Ghana two weeks ago just brought back from Ghana and in India. And in June, we will be evaluating the Geneva how the AIDS prevention program is going. Now, what am going to do today is share some general perspectives on communication technology in the third world. what I will do is speak for about 45 minutes and then we'll do it up for questions. Also, if you would like to interrupt me at any point please feel free to do so, because the whole idea is that I communicate whatever is mine. And there's no way that I would do that. If I have no clue whether I have you made me or not. So feel free to interrupt. Haven't I seen you before?\r\n\r\n- Me?\r\n\r\n- Yes.\r\n\r\n- Okay. So let's then begin by defining terms. We're talking about communication technology in third world countries. What do I mean by communication technology? You can take it since I'm a social scientist. I don't look strictly at the hardware. So if I look at the elements of communication systems I'm looking at radio television, print media I'm looking at audio cassettes, I'm looking at video process reporters. I'm looking at computers, I'm looking at sidewalks and communication systems. All of those are communication technology including overhead projectors. Okay. So now when I look at them I'm not insisted in them as pieces of hardware alone. That's a very important, what I'm interested then is how they are owned and operated in a particular country. How are they financed? How are they managed? What kinds of professional values are associated with that particular configuration of hardware? Then I'm interested in the plane that went along with it. The professional values that were transmitted during that training. I'm interested in the hardware, the programming the software, whether it's TV programming radio programming, computer programming then I'm interested in who benefits from this configuration. Okay, So when I talk about communication technology and I'm talking about all of these elements of communication systems. Okay then, we're also talking about the convergence of these communication technologies. Previously, we used to talk about radio and television and print as if they were all separate. Now, increasingly computers and telecommunication systems are converging so that you have a new form of technology. That's extremely powerful. And you can't make the distinction between video and audio and data and voice to left-leaning. All of these things are carried as digits on the same transmission link. And that is a new form of communication technology that is, that we should bear in mind also when we're talking about third world countries now given that, what I mean by communication technology. What do I mean by the third word? frequently you hear about two thirds of the world's population living in Asia, Africa Latin America, the Middle East and the Caribbean. Those are the people I'm referring to now, when did this? So that includes me. It also includes native Americans, blacks, Chicano's who live in this kind, Hispanics who live in this country. Now, where did the term third world come from? This is analogous to the term third estate. It's a pre French revolution term. So it's not a term that was invented 50 or 60 years ago. And it was defined as all those who did not belong to the nobility or the clergy. It was climbed by French authors then, and it refers to all those who did not become privileged by the progress of the dominant economic system. And today, the dominant economic system is a profit maximizing economic system. We refer to as capitalism. So all those who are marginalized who don't benefit from the capitalist system see themselves as the third world. Now this capitalist system is not only an economic system. It has political and cultural ramifications. Okay. Now let's then look at, given that, that is the third world. What do we know about communication technology in this third world? We have a lot of rhetoric and we have a sense of reality. And I'm going to counter pose those two for you, with somebody tells me when 45 minutes is up like at eight 45 with some would you give me a sort of a hand signal? Thank you. Because I can, since I teach courses about the center of research, this for 20 years of my life I talk on and on and on. Okay. So the rhetoric about communication technology in the third world tents to be technology centered and tents to be idealistic. This rhetoric dates dropped, sort the mid 1950s when a political scientist at MIT wrote a book called The Policy Traditional Societies the modernization of the middle East. It's a guy called Daniel Lerner and Daniel Lerner credited the mass media in the Middle East, for the passing off tradition the modernization of the middle East. Now this book most critique the law by political scientists but people in communication research and people in UNESCO UNESCO is the UN educational scientific cultural organization, based in headquartered in Paris. And in the mid fifties UNESCO was dominated by very idealistic liberal American journalists for the most part. So when Diana and I wrote this book saying that the mass media, could modernize the middle East these well-intentioned liberal educators Americans for the most part who were running UNESCO at that time. Now configuration UNESCO's quite different. 20 years later, okay. They were extremely excited. They wanted to use their journalism skills to transform the suffering, Third World as they sought and they felt what if the press can do this on radio to do that? maybe we can just stop introducing radio and television into the Third world. And the ideology was like, well the beach of those systems will leap from distances it will lead from differences in literacy. And maybe we should do with radio as a third world media and start educating large groups of children at the primary school start with health education start with other project extension and what education? all of these kinds of things. So the idea was one was massive reach. The second was high-quality, you get the best teacher in Zimbabwe with them on the radio and this best teacher of mathematics. Will teach math to remote schools that have no math teacher. You can't go to school. You'd missed high school. Okay, you can be at home and you can listen to good math instruction good agriculture education at home. That was the logic. So it does reach over wide areas. It's high quality. Now, if you get high quality over large numbers of people you also get your cost, okay. But you're in it. And therefore those three reasons work very systematic reasons why UNESCO having read Daniel Lerner's book thought, let's use the mass media let's let's use communication technology to recharge. So a Stanford professor.... who started writing in this area too, and is credited with being the father of the application of communication technology in third world countries the father of communication technology applications for nonprofit applications, for example agriculture, education, health, education, nutrition family planning, science, education, math education. Those were the applications that the United nations was interested. And so they began to give large amounts of money to third world countries to set up radio systems and TV systems because they assumed that if you have the technology then the gross national product will increase. And as a result of this, they funded studies. These were flawed studies, as we can now say with hindsight they were correlational studies that listed the number of cinema seats in a country. The number of radio sets the number. There was very few TV sets at that time. And a number of newspapers bought and correlated it with literacy in gross national product and voting in a country. And they found very good correlations. Now, you and I know that correlations don't determine causal directions but they did not. And in the enthusiasm and idealism at that stage, they said, well you got this extremely high correlation between number of cinema seats and number of radio receivers in the country and the gross national product of that country. Therefore, if the GNP goes up, as a result of the hired TV and radio sets and press readership then we can assume that they caused it but they were reading the data wrong but that it does historical accident. And that's what happened. Okay, so now we have non-profit education implicitly being financed by government. That is part of the rhetoric that goes with the introduction of radio and television and press systems into third world countries. So in school and continuing education who can say that that's a bad thing and you have a new intervention being financed by the United nations. And therefore you say, great we'd be happy to have a radio system or a TV system that does those things then to add to it because of this the US agency for international development which is where many of your tax dollars go. The US agency international development started putting in money for radio and TV systems for programming in these areas to promote health education and nutrition education, and math education. Okay. then you have third world countries. not only for education, but we like it for, and some of you may be familiar with this term national integration. Okay. The third world countries were formed as accidents depending on how colonizers cut up countries. And Africa is the worst illustration of that. And so you have tribes, regions that never belonged together historically that will distorted in fact, some fashion and left by the colonizing country that gave independence to that society. And so you have groups that don't get on with each other. And so all the ruling party sought well let's use radio and TV programs to reflect the culture of one part of the country to another part of the country. And then people will understand each other's cultures. And as a result, we will get integration of this country that is pulling at the seams because of all the different groups that constituted , who is started to never belong together. So that was the logic. Now again with hindsight, you can look at this, and you can say how naive, you know whether people feel a sense of belonging, doesn't depend on cosmetic words and images on a radio screen there a TV screen that's too simple. They're a historical antagonism that go back to 300 years of war and to all kinds of incidents people remember and different language differences. So, but this was part of the rhetoric of introducing communication technology in third world country. Then you had the governments also say, lets introduce radio and television for cultural survival. There are tribal groups that are Aboriginal to this society. And we don't know anything about, and therefore let's get these cultural groups to document their songs and dances on film so that we will be able to preserve the culture almost in mothballs in word and images let's put this in. So that was part of the rhetoric that supported it. Now let's look at the reality that we have found. Now, the reality has been the following. We talked about education. When we talked about communication technology being introduced in the third world the reality has been commercial applications as radio and TV sets were introduced by UNESCO and USAID and other well-intentioned agencies. What happened was that third world governments could not support them. The financing and ownership were initially imagined to be run by the government. Third world countries did was this Dakar to the ownership but the financing has become increasingly private sector financed and commercially support advertise advertising. And as a result of this, what has happened is that you've got audience maximizing box office enhancing programming on radio and television. Okay. Now remember that on the one hand, we talked about educational programming, educational programming and I'm speaking in broad strokes because we have 45 minutes. There are differences between Asia, Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean. But unfortunately I will answer those questions in the question time, if you're interested the reality is you have mindless entertainment on these UNESCO and USAID financed, radio and TV stations. You have advertising that domestic corporations and foreign corporations advertise and you will see the consequences of foreign advertising in this one program that I'm going to show you a few minutes off. Some of you may have heard of the Nestle advertising campaigns for infant formula. And what has happened is that Nestle produces a lot of baby food and not enough babies being born in the United States and Western Europe to sustain the baby food production line. And the Third world where the babies are being born So it makes sense to have Nestle make the baby food So in this Nestle baby food was advertised massively in third world countries. Now you will see the consequences and the reasons why third world countries do not restrict this advertising a fairly complex. If Kenya chose to say Nestle we don't want you to advertise baby food. There would be problems with the US government pertaining of age to Kenya. There would be problems pertaining transnational corporations to make Nairobi their headquarters. So we look at what are the implications of financing? The broadcasting system through advertising. Yes. Not only the babies are victims What happened?\r\n\r\n- Its in between\r\n\r\n- Oh Okay, well, let's go to the beginning of that\r\n\r\n- Okay\r\n\r\n- Second incident. Okay. I think we're running out Of time, so I will get that shorter but you've got the point I was trying to make that you need the advertising from Nestle to finance the radio system which is why the government of Kenya takes the advertising. So you're damned if you take it and you're damned if you don't. Okay. A second realistic consequence apart from the consequences of advertising ,the domination by the ruling political force whether it be a party or a military regime because as I mentioned to you, the ownership of this new communication technologies that were introduced in the 60s continues to be government. Even if financing has become increasingly probational. So when you have government owning the radio and TV systems have the political domination of the ruling party or the ruling dictator of whoever it is in power and that is an implication. So the rhetoric, all communication technology was education culture, public service, and the reality has been commercial exploitation and political domination. No. Why didn't we foresee this? You will ask, how did all of this happen? I think there were two things that we did not. We neglected when we were making these idealistic projections about communication technology, working miracles in third world countries, one wasn't We neglected to look at the costs and what the implications for operational costs for UNESCO and USA gifted the radio and TV stations. So capital costs were covered, but who pays for the system running from day to day, those costs were not factored in and third world governments with their increasing indebtedness did not bear that in mind, which is why they've had to take recourse to commercial advertising, to run the systems. The second thing was that people for lack of radio and TV systems, computers and flip jobs and everything as if they would be dropped into a society ,without any awareness of the context of that society that surrounds it. So you don't have a radio system installed in the vacuum and you expect radio in Zimbabwe to function the same way as radio in England just because it bothered with the colony of England. Yes. So what I have drawn for you is a contextual framework. The position I take is that we should look at communication technology in the context of the country. So radio won't be the same when USA gifted staff would go visit those dinners as advisor to Jamaica and helps to make set up a community radio station, which is what I did for three years on the contract, the binder system you said I was going to different from the system in India or the United States, because you're talking about Jamaica. Therefore what I've done is I would like to urge people who are designing communication technology systems of third world societies to bear in mind, the scientific and technical context, the socio-cultural optics that economic and political context. These are illustrations of the environment that constraints and surrounds and conditions how communication will be owned and operated in finance and who it will benefit. And what programs will be it. I would say, of course, this is logical. You could, we can all see these things. In hindsight. What I realized then is that in each of these dimensions if you wanted to add additional dimensions that it's necessary to look at foreign forces in the science and technology area, national forces at the headquarters of the country and local forces in the country. So I think in terms of space. I rate these three levels of space apart national hands-off national, but each of the nature factors cause that I've ordered to go here. And then I look at it all the time. We'll talk drag to say is the politics of economics of the culture, of the society where did influence how the communication system is organized at this communication system. Will with time have in fact, this context that produced it. So I have these events that then feedback if you have some political mocks of posters, of organizing and systems of fashion, the political clause, they don't like what the consequences will provide instructions on how to change the management all the professional values of the system. So I build in time as a variable. And I say that we shouldn't look idealistically at the hard way and say, we will look at the hard way because it's a magic multiplier because it can reach so many people physically over time with your cu radically high-quality program. We should look at all of those ideals as constrained by who owns and operates the system we'll give to the system. What are the politics of this society, economics the culture of the science of technology. So that is a contextual framework that I would go to, to look at it. I will give you some examples how these forces in the context have conditioned communication technology in projects that I have worked on in one Caribbean country radio telephones were gifted by USAID, to an agriculture community radio station. The idea was that extension workers who are in the boondocks ,far away should be able to call in to the agriculture radio station and tell them what's happening in the remote areas. So that this radio station gets information from the remote extension agent who can then say, Hey this is what's happening in my community. And this can go out on the air right away. So radio then really is programmed by the grassroots. To some extent. Now what happened was theoretically we needed a technical way. Extension agents far away could communicate to the radio station. So we thought of radio telephones. We distributed the radio telephones. They would get donated by USAID, And what happened was, the chief of the extension agents told them that they would not communicate directly with the radio station, even though they have the technology because the hierarchy was such that they were the bottom rank. It's the head of the extension communication system in the department of agriculture we'll call the station manager, the radio station if you have, or she has anything to say to the radio station, but the extension agent of the community is not all the rights. According to the book of bureaucracy just speak directly to the radio station. Now those of us who work in third world countries are familiar with this bureaucracy but Hong Kong, we could not the socio-cultural reality at the national level. We need not the politics of the bureaucracy in the agriculture department. And now retrospect, I can see that it's obvious but at that time we distributed $200,000 worth of radio telephones to extension agents which they were never allowed to use. So this is an illustration, how the context constraints the technology from delivering, what it's capable of delivering, another illustration is the role of ITT large telecommunication company that now owns hotels. ITT is very pro active in Chile. And when Salvador was elected to be president of chile I stress evicted because he wasn't an active president. Okay. So I could do I in this platform was to nationalize several foreign companies and ITT was very concerned that they would be nationalized. So ITT as a transnational. So it's a foreign economic force make big donations of money to Elena QBO the Chilean conservative national newspaper to run a campaign. Do destabilize the winner, and help him to score. and the U S intervene through the military. And many of you have seen a movie about this. The congressional testimony is available, but ITT officially confessed to using the communication technology in the country to destabilize its elected president. That's a contextual force, ITT and its financing using the communication technology in the country that many of us don't think about. Then we're going to see an excerpt of a video called Tatiana and Johnny , and Tatiana And Johnny would show you an example of how the Catholic church constraints and conditions, the kinds of music, videos that are possible for pro social applications, or it has an influence. Let's not say constrain. This is the context, the Catholic church in Latin America and the role of the Catholic church in designing music videos. To influence family planning. can you hear back their? Can you hear?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112187#t=0.0,2399.81714"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - 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[Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(upbeat foreign music)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=5.159,8.409"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e The message?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=67.004,67.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Though hearts are burning and bodies yearning,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=67.893,70.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's okay to say no to sex.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=70.88,73.753"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Before being a parent you have to be an adult,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=73.753,77.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"physically and mentally in ways to help children grow,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=77.34,80.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you are mature enough.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=80.37,82.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e At present, few wait.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=82.07,83.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Two million of merry Latin American teenagers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=83.85,86.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will have babies this year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=86.15,87.891"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Those populating here is tripled than those in the US.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=87.891,91.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e It's in the city, the problem is the worst.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=91.67,94.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In face two out of every three people in Latin American","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=94.08,97.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"live in or near (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=97.39,99.801"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And more are streaming out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=99.801,100.807"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the countryside all of the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=100.807,102.795"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Back here in Mexico City,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=102.795,104.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a thousand new people arrive every day","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=104.2,107.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"arrive to (indistinct), no job.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=107.41,110.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Poor souls who can't educate themselves","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=110.91,113.382"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the cycle of poverty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=113.382,115.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"More births just make everything worse.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=115.47,118.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Despite the problem, population agencies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=118.533,120.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have sent bureaucrats with brief cases full of posters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=120.72,124.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"filled with condoms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=124.66,125.981"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They've done this for years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=125.981,127.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it doesn't seem to have much effect.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=127.83,130.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lecturing kids hasn't helped either.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=130.23,132.639"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e You know, when you you talk about, I mean what kid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=132.639,135.158"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do you tell him don't do this because this is bad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=135.158,138.107"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then he's gonna be like why not?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=138.107,140.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me try it. (laughs)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=140.513,142.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e We clearly need to start talking to teenagers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=142.303,144.556"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because there might be a man who tells them today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=144.556,147.261"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Don't have sex.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=147.261,148.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I go, please!","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=148.363,150.246"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e And even if these teenagers' parents have opinions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=150.246,153.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about family planning, it's not likely","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=153.11,155.427"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they would discuss some with their children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=155.427,158.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Have they not talked to their parents about this?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=158.46,160.088"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, in Latin America you don't talk so openly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=160.088,163.828"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about sex.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=163.828,164.661"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay, criticism of the song that we don't have time to see","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=171.31,176.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"unless you choose to later is the song is very,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=177.09,181.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's called 'Detente', wait.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=181.63,183.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you are debating whether you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=183.63,186.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"should install condom dispensers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=186.94,189.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in dorms and residence halls.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=189.31,192.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That, the research that was done by USA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=192.35,195.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"indicated the need to install condom dispensers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=195.1,198.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very freely in Latin America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=198.14,200.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the research also indicated that the Catholic Church","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=200.57,203.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would not hear of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=203.83,205.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And any music videos or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=205.52,208.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"commercials that were made promoting condoms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=209.57,213.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would not survive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=213.12,214.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And therefore,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=214.86,216.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what was decided was to have a music video series","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=216.62,221.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that would basically tell teenagers not to have sex,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=221.62,225.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wait until you get married.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=225.17,227.744"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the figures are appalling.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=227.744,231.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Perhaps the music 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charts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=235.586,237.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it was on the pop, top of the charts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=237.53,240.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for many, many weeks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=240.0,242.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it was extremely catchy and entertaining,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=242.02,246.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but once you watch it, you will say, but,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=246.35,249.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so what are teenagers going to not have sex","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=249.5,253.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a result of this music video?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=253.34,255.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Daphne and I confess this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=255.96,257.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I met her two weeks ago in Los 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impact.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=262.41,264.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if it made somebody think that's important.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=264.29,266.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that was a constraint on the content of the programming","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=266.95,270.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in that 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will,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=272.67,273.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can give you more illustrations of how the context impacts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=273.52,278.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on how communication systems are 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telephony,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=302.63,305.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even though all the rhetoric was education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=305.85,308.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are, is socio-cultural forces 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universities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=322.12,325.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that go into third world countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=325.58,327.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to design communication systems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=327.18,329.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They include the Ford Foundation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=329.24,331.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They include churches that run radio and TV stations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=331.49,336.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They include Hughes Aircraft that produces satellites.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=336.03,339.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They include people who sell computer systems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=339.4,342.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and data communication systems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=342.53,345.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you've got a range of forces.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=345.06,347.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And now that we look at it you say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=347.74,350.087"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Yeah, it's true that we were naive about how com,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=350.087,352.977"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"what communication can do in the third world.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=352.977,355.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We didn't look at it all these actors","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=355.31,357.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what influences they had.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=357.83,359.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that is the point I would like to leave with you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=359.72,362.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that many of you are looking at education and communication","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=362.86,366.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the third world, very idealistically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=366.4,368.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with great, good intentions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=368.97,370.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And just bear in mind that everything that you do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=370.77,373.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is conditioned by who owns and operates the country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=373.23,376.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who are the forces, the economic, political","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=376.39,379.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and cultural forces,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=379.52,380.427"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the scientific and technological forces,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=380.427,382.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"historically, over the colonial period,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=382.88,385.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"geographically and the present day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=385.22,387.377"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I will stop now and be happy to take questions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=388.66,391.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes 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cases","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=399.009,403.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of where you think the introduction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=403.07,404.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of new technology has been done so successfully.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=404.72,408.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=408.08,408.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Perhaps learning from some of the use","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=413.39,416.073"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Angolan mistakes that have been made.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=416.073,419.617"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. That's a very good point.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=419.617,421.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I will tell you but what happened with many","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=424.08,426.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of these new technologies, is 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well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=430.76,434.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And when the financing from the donor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=434.21,437.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether it's USA or UNESCO, dies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=437.46,441.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then the country is left to fend for itself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=441.2,444.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then frequently they resort to commercial 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for.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=451.652,453.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or they use it for political domination.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=453.61,456.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now I 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mathematics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=475.68,480.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to primary school children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=480.07,482.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is a project I'm familiar 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Nicaragua.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=572.19,573.579"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the methodology has been found extremely successful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=573.579,578.579"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's being applied in other countries around the 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in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=773.69,776.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we had ignored it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=776.55,778.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm just wondering why 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environment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=783.44,786.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know the economic, political, social,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=786.103,789.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and if you would say the physical environment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=789.2,791.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that what you mean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=791.21,792.222"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e The natural, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=792.222,793.055"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh absolutely, I think even the geography","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=793.055,795.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the physiology of the region would be extremely important","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=795.41,800.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because that would determine whether you use satellites","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=800.08,803.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=803.07,803.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In some parts of the world, satellite's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=803.903,806.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are not the right solution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=806.27,807.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but if you have large land masses, large ocean areas,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=807.5,810.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"satellites cover two thirds of the globe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=810.81,813.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And therefore satellites are very useful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=813.28,815.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So absolutely those were,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=815.1,816.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's why I call it illustrative contextual forces.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=816.61,819.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you can, you add any other forces that you think","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=819.97,823.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are crucial to analyzing whether you should choose","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=823.38,826.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a particular communication technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=826.77,828.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a particular situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=828.76,830.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, yes, that's a good suggestion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=830.36,832.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=832.95,833.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Can I say something?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=833.783,834.616"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think there are two problems for you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=834.616,835.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One is the insensitivity of governments first","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=835.73,839.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to languages themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=839.24,841.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And second to technology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=841.66,843.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I recall working with Nigeria early in the seventies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=843.53,847.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the Ford Foundation and by about 1975,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=847.25,851.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when there was going to be compulsory elementary education,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=851.11,854.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they came on the radio saying that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=854.87,857.402"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all mothers must get their children from seven through 16","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=857.402,861.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to school, or there'll be a fine for not getting them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=861.43,864.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into a Penn school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=864.71,866.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now the little villages did not have radios at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=866.32,869.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Perhaps 1% of the villages had radios in 1975.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=869.98,874.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And secondly, the number of languages that were 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English.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=881.92,884.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so it was the insensitivity to have and communicate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=884.38,887.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to those villages.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=887.44,888.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were for the most part illiterate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=888.64,890.057"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and could not read either so there was really a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=890.057,893.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"problem in terms of communicating.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=893.88,896.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another problem, which I saw was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=896.36,898.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that right after the Biafran war,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=898.183,900.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they did away with a telephone communication.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=900.04,902.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All the lines, were simplified the line","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=902.6,905.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would install rather modern dish tower type of transmission,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=905.58,909.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct) trying to get a telephone call to Nigeria.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=909.84,914.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So needed a technology,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=915.0,916.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we didn't know that the communication network","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=916.89,918.847"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is of such nature,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=918.847,920.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we can harmonize those two","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=920.3,922.122"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and make for effective communication.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=922.122,924.707"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, you're quite right. Yes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=924.707,927.614"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, ma'am you mention","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=927.614,929.614"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the (indistinct) with the modernization concept,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=930.514,935.514"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was going to promote this specific model","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=936.72,939.461"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for doing, for the digital needs of the people (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=939.461,942.587"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What is your point of view about it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=943.43,945.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They own it, the (indistinct) of publication now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=945.98,949.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's the, that must also support or be another platform","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=949.78,954.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for, or a condition for promoting the development","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=955.29,959.259"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since your (speaks faintly).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=959.259,960.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What's the estate in it or, for the status","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=960.53,963.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of direct communication for helping them (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=963.6,968.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are a good bases now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=969.1,971.356"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because if we change the (indistinct),","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=971.356,974.321"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the model of the modernization, what's your vision?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=974.321,978.609"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(speaking faintly)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=978.609,981.621"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. I subscribe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=981.621,983.204"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I believe in the limitations of the learner systems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=984.34,989.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was brought up with and educated with,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=989.45,991.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I confronted this only when I went back to India","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=991.56,994.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and started working in villages that I found this was naive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=994.18,998.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The approach that I, my contextual framework is rooted in,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=998.9,1003.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as you can see,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1003.42,1004.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we draw from political economy and from cultural studies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1004.253,1008.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So if you'd like to talk later,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1008.37,1010.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we can talk at great length","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1010.32,1012.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but basically if you're asking, am I a Marxist?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1012.35,1015.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that's too simple.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1015.7,1017.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think of the importance of politically economic factors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1017.52,1021.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I also see cultural variables.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1021.76,1024.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I took, put political economy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1024.01,1026.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and cultural perspectives together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1026.47,1029.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's the framework that I use","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1029.5,1031.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when I analyze communication systems now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1031.15,1033.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1034.76,1035.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e When you talked about the criticism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1035.83,1037.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Catholic Church,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1037.74,1040.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm curious, you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1040.95,1041.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've been looking at the context on which they were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1041.783,1044.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"trying to do their message,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1044.84,1046.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you criticize perhaps that they didn't offer condoms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1047.71,1050.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in their message or whatever.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1050.61,1052.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, in that same video done by CBS or whoever did that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1052.08,1056.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mentioned that condoms and the pill and all these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1056.28,1059.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pulled things weren't effective anyway.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1059.31,1062.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I don't know if you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1062.03,1063.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if that criticism is fair because maybe they're just taking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1063.5,1065.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it all primitive versus as, you know, including condoms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1065.77,1068.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Great.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1068.97,1069.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, I want to make it clear","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1069.803,1070.636"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I'm not criticizing the Catholic Church.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1070.636,1073.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I just used the Catholic Church as illustration","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1073.77,1076.997"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a contextual force that determined what kind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1076.997,1080.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of message would be presented in that video, okay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1080.26,1084.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, also because I have researched population communication","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1084.76,1089.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I know that the conduct distribution strategies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1089.71,1093.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Latin America, were always constrained because","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1093.41,1097.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of that contextual reality","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1097.44,1099.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that they haven't been distributed terribly widely.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1099.92,1103.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are lots of problems with condom distribution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1103.78,1106.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all over the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1106.68,1108.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have personally been involved with evaluating projects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1108.2,1112.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there are all kinds of horror stories.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1112.5,1114.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Like in Thailand, you have the demonstration,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1114.51,1118.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the condom guy goes from house to house to demonstrate how","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1118.47,1121.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to use condoms and condoms are a great success,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1121.77,1124.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the way, in Thailand for various cultural reasons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1124.04,1127.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what happens is that the guy demonstrates to the men","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1127.67,1131.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the community how to use condoms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1131.96,1133.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So he puts it on the bamboo poles that the houses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1133.42,1135.137"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are built of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1135.137,1136.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nine months later, the horror story is that he comes back,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1136.92,1139.489"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everybody's got a new baby","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1139.489,1141.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there're all these multi-colored condoms supplied","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1141.34,1143.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the ivy on bamboo poles outside the house.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1143.73,1146.054"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1146.054,1147.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1147.31,1148.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's not easy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1148.143,1150.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are problems with the condom distribution strategy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1150.47,1153.197"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I only mentioned the Catholic Church","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1153.197,1155.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I have gotten a lot of strength","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1155.76,1157.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a lot of spiritual development from the Catholic Church","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1157.34,1159.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so I'm the last person to criticize some dimensions of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1159.92,1164.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e One more question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1164.934,1166.815"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do, you do offer a lot of problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1166.815,1168.668"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'm just curious, for example,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1168.668,1171.501"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Powdermelk, they offer lots of money","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1173.067,1175.555"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or they support the program.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1175.555,1177.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what I've heard is that the education system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1177.57,1180.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the educating idealism that this started on failed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1180.04,1184.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"basically because education couldn't","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1184.58,1186.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"be financially supported.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1186.75,1189.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What solution is there to that problem?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1189.11,1191.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm sorry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1193.12,1194.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me try and paraphrase what I think I understood, okay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1194.07,1197.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You're saying that communication systems were introduced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1197.1,1199.465"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into third world countries for educational applications,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1199.465,1202.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is the point I was making,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1202.88,1204.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but that governments who were assumed to be able","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1204.67,1208.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to support this application found they didn't have the money","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1208.42,1212.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so they auctioned off the radio or TV station","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1212.17,1214.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like in the Ivory Coast to advertising agencies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1214.85,1217.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who then run the system, okay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1217.75,1219.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you are asking if what are the options","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1219.75,1222.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if government does not--","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1222.56,1223.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e In other words,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1223.83,1224.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if the government can't support it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1225.582,1227.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they're being railroaded by (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1227.07,1229.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What other sources may be available","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1230.638,1234.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to subsidize these programs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1234.0,1235.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so they get the effect that they initially were after?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1235.96,1239.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Listen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1239.49,1240.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I really can't tell you that. I don't have any solutions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1240.323,1244.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All I'm saying is that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1244.18,1245.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you introduce communication systems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1245.223,1247.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to bear in mind the economics of the situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1247.56,1251.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are lots of illustrations of how people do this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1251.34,1254.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, there is discussion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1254.48,1256.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of having separate channels, a commercial channel","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1256.57,1259.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and an educational channel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1259.41,1261.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's so that the money that is generated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1261.093,1263.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the commercial channel to the government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1263.45,1265.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"should be siphoned off in part to run an educational channel","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1265.93,1270.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that both channels exist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1270.54,1272.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're on the air all the time and they provide options.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1272.82,1276.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's one way of doing it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1276.36,1277.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another way that the idea,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1277.81,1279.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the independent broadcasting authority in England does,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1279.51,1282.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that they check the text of every commercial","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1282.21,1285.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and seven out of 10 commercials","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1285.61,1287.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't make it on independent broadcasting stations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1287.56,1290.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in England because they make false claims.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1290.87,1293.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the truth in advertising is so careful","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1293.72,1298.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that if in fact,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1298.01,1299.589"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the government of Kenya checks the commercials and said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1299.589,1302.237"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Okay, in our context, this will have repercussions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1302.237,1307.237"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"we can't deal with.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1307.577,1309.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they have these statutes and regulations written out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1309.12,1311.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as clearly as in England,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1311.86,1313.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then you wouldn't have the kind of problem that we have.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1313.43,1316.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not that there won't be a backlash.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1317.36,1319.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There will be a backlash. There will be pressure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1319.25,1321.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then you come down to basics and you say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1321.84,1324.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you come down to the nature around the development,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1324.16,1326.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the exploitation of third world countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1326.59,1329.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the inequality in the work system,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1329.08,1331.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how do they deal in sort of an uneven playing field?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1331.09,1335.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the base, the fundamental issue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1335.8,1337.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you come down to ultimately.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1337.78,1339.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, anyone else?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1339.73,1340.753"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Great, thank you very much for coming. Goodbye.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1345.76,1348.148"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=1348.148,1350.398"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25306/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/306/original/AV203837_Communication_Technology_in_the_Third_World_b.vtt?1620124131","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/306/original/AV203837_Communication_Technology_in_the_Third_World_b.vtt?1620124131"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25307","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203837_Communication_Technology_in_the_Third_World_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188/transcript/25307/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- The message? Though hearts are burning and bodies yearning, it's okay to say no to sex.\r\n\r\n- Before being a parent you have to be an adult, physically and mentally in ways to help children grow, you are mature enough.\r\n\r\n- At present, few wait. Two million of merry Latin American teenagers will have babies this year. Those populating here is tripled than those in the US.\r\n\r\n- It's in the city, the problem is the worst. In face two out of every three people in Latin American live in or near . And more are streaming out to the countryside all of the time. Back here in Mexico City, a thousand new people arrive every day arrive to , no job. Poor souls who can't educate themselves on the cycle of poverty. More births just make everything worse.\r\n\r\n- Despite the problem, population agencies have sent bureaucrats with brief cases full of posters filled with condoms. They've done this for years. But it doesn't seem to have much effect. Lecturing kids hasn't helped either.\r\n\r\n- You know, when you you talk about, I mean what kid do you tell him don't do this because this is bad. And then he's gonna be like why not? Let me try it.\r\n\r\n- We clearly need to start talking to teenagers. Because there might be a man who tells them today, \"Don't have sex.\" I go, please!\r\n\r\n- And even if these teenagers' parents have opinions about family planning, it's not likely that they would discuss some with their children. Have they not talked to their parents about this?\r\n\r\n- Well, in Latin America you don't talk so openly about sex.\r\n\r\n- Okay, criticism of the song that we don't have time to see unless you choose to later is the song is very, it's called 'Detente', wait. And you are debating whether you should install condom dispensers in dorms and residence halls. That, the research that was done by USA indicated the need to install condom dispensers very freely in Latin America. But the research also indicated that the Catholic Church would not hear of it. And any music videos or commercials that were made promoting condoms would not survive. And therefore, what was decided was to have a music video series that would basically tell teenagers not to have sex, wait until you get married. And the figures are appalling. Perhaps the music video, the music video reached the hit of the, the head of the pop charts. And it was on the pop, top of the charts for many, many weeks. So it was extremely catchy and entertaining, but once you watch it, you will say, but, so what are teenagers going to not have sex as a result of this music video? And Daphne and I confess this, I met her two weeks ago in Los Angeles. And she was saying that the figures are not great about how this has had any impact. But if it made somebody think that's important. So that was a constraint on the content of the programming in that area. Okay. I will, I can give you more illustrations of how the context impacts on how communication systems are programmed, the hardware that's donated, the beneficiaries of the programming. You know, contextual influences include NASA that did the research to develop the application's technology satellites that led to the director of our satellites that I used here. The Brazilian space agency that chose to use the satellites strictly for military applications and telephony, even though all the rhetoric was education. There are, is socio-cultural forces include, say the foreign American motion picture export association. It's a very strong lobby that exports American movies all over. Foreign contextual forces include US universities that go into third world countries to design communication systems. They include the Ford Foundation. They include churches that run radio and TV stations. They include Hughes Aircraft that produces satellites. They include people who sell computer systems and data communication systems. So you've got a range of forces. And now that we look at it you say, \"Yeah, it's true that we were naive about how com, \"what communication can do in the third world.\" We didn't look at it all these actors and what influences they had. And that is the point I would like to leave with you, that many of you are looking at education and communication in the third world, very idealistically with great, good intentions. And just bear in mind that everything that you do is conditioned by who owns and operates the country who are the forces, the economic, political and cultural forces, the scientific and technological forces, historically, over the colonial period, geographically and the present day. I will stop now and be happy to take questions. Yes please.\r\n\r\n- I'd be interested in, in knowing you could cite one or two specific cases of where you think the introduction of new technology has been done so successfully. And why? Perhaps learning from some of the use of the Angolan mistakes that have been made.\r\n\r\n- Yes. That's a very good point. I will tell you but what happened with many of these new technologies, is that in their early phases, when they're well funded, they do very well. And when the financing from the donor, whether it's USA or UNESCO, dies, then the country is left to fend for itself. And then frequently they resort to commercial financing, which then kills the educational application it was introduced for. Or they use it for political domination. Now I have, I'm thinking of when radio in Nicaragua, before the revolution and during the revolution. Before the revolution, USA was involved in Nicaragua in teaching educational program mathematics to primary school children. This is a project I'm familiar with because I was at Stanford at that time. And the center for mathematics education, or the laws for a mathematician for paths to peace had evolved a method of teaching math in bits and pieces. Basically an instructional design approach to teaching mathematics. And we decided to try it on radio. And so they got a contract from USA to go to Nicaragua, to work with the Nicaraguans, to redesign the educational curriculum for mathematics for the primary grades. And they taught math on radio for five years. They took the curriculum, broke it up into pieces and transmitted radio programs. The children had work books in the classroom the first year, and they found that to have radio and workbooks was very expensive. And so they did away with the workbooks and they used bottle caps as apparatus in the classroom. Sticks, stones, because kids had nothing to count with. And so they would tell them, go and come bring so many bottle caps in tomorrow for class. And that radio program was evaluated and found extremely successful in terms of how much math students learned and how much they retained. Unfortunately, that project ended with the revolution and the withdrawal of USA from Nicaragua. And the methodology has been found extremely successful. And it's being applied in other countries around the world to teach English in Kenya, English and Thai in Thailand. I have used some variation of that teacher instructional design methodology in other countries I have worked in. So I would, if there is something that has come out of those errors, it is a methodology in terms of designing educational programming. That is one illustration. I would also like to share with you the Indian satellite TV experience that Nina Trabedi worked on and I worked on, where we used this approach to design political consciousness raising programming. In one district in the Gujarat state in India, a small grouper transmitter was set up. And what we did was we decided that since the constitution of India encourages you to educate people about their political rights and legal rights, and at that time, the ruling party said that there was a minimum wage and landless laborers should not accept anything except the minimum wage. And we were a TV station working for government, we thought we would test how far we could go with this. And so we decided to go in and do a situation analysis of landless laborers' living conditions and design television programs to raise a political awareness of how they were being exploited and that they should demand their rights and what kinds of resources they had. Now, this was a project that made us feel very good as instructional designers, as politically committed TV researchers and producers. Unfortunately, the lesson that we learned from that was that we went home to the comfort of the city, and we did sort of video videotape exposes of landlords not paying the minimum wage, of laborers complaining. And the culmination of the potency of this media was when the landlord found that his, all his laborers were going to strike at harvest time when you needed the labor most. They had decided television talking don't work unless you bill the legal minimum wage. So they all went on strike. Guess what the landlord did? He went to a neighboring village and truck loaded staff strike breakers with gaming. And so for that harvest season, local population got nothing, strike breakers came in and the houses of the villages were struck, were burnt down. So we had an illustration of how powerful the media was but how careful and how responsible one has to be when you use the media. This was a local contextual force, the landlord, political force of the landlord that we did not see. We were so obsessed with ideas and communicating these ideas through our delivery system, that we did not realize that the political environment that the villages lived in had to be factored in and we had ignored it.\r\n\r\n- I'm just wondering why environment wasn't one of your variables.\r\n\r\n- I look at all of these elements of the environment, you know the economic, political, social, and if you would say the physical environment, is that what you mean?\r\n\r\n- The natural, yeah.\r\n\r\n- Oh absolutely, I think even the geography of the physiology of the region would be extremely important because that would determine whether you use satellites at all. In some parts of the world, satellite's are not the right solution, but if you have large land masses, large ocean areas, satellites cover two thirds of the globe. And therefore satellites are very useful. So absolutely those were, that's why I call it illustrative contextual forces. So you can, you add any other forces that you think are crucial to analyzing whether you should choose a particular communication technology in a particular situation. So, yes, that's a good suggestion. Yes.\r\n\r\n- Can I say something? I think there are two problems for you. One is the insensitivity of governments first to languages themselves. And second to technology. I recall working with Nigeria early in the seventies with the Ford Foundation and by about 1975, when there was going to be compulsory elementary education, and they came on the radio saying that all mothers must get their children from seven through 16 to school, or there'll be a fine for not getting them into a Penn school. Now the little villages did not have radios at that time. Perhaps 1% of the villages had radios in 1975. And secondly, the number of languages that were used by the various tribal groups and the dialect groups, they certainly did not understand English. And so it was the insensitivity to have and communicate to those villages. They were for the most part illiterate and could not read either so there was really a problem in terms of communicating. Another problem, which I saw was that right after the Biafran war, they did away with a telephone communication. All the lines, were simplified the line would install rather modern dish tower type of transmission, trying to get a telephone call to Nigeria. So needed a technology, we didn't know that the communication network is of such nature, that we can harmonize those two and make for effective communication.\r\n\r\n- Yes, you're quite right. Yes?\r\n\r\n- Yes, ma'am you mention that the with the modernization concept, it was going to promote this specific model for doing, for the digital needs of the people . What is your point of view about it? They own it, the of publication now, that's the, that must also support or be another platform for, or a condition for promoting the development since your . What's the estate in it or, for the status of direct communication for helping them . There are a good bases now. Because if we change the , the model of the modernization, what's your vision?\r\n\r\n- Yes. I subscribe. I believe in the limitations of the learner systems I was brought up with and educated with, and I confronted this only when I went back to India and started working in villages that I found this was naive. The approach that I, my contextual framework is rooted in, as you can see, we draw from political economy and from cultural studies. So if you'd like to talk later, we can talk at great length but basically if you're asking, am I a Marxist? I think that's too simple. I think of the importance of politically economic factors. And I also see cultural variables. So I took, put political economy and cultural perspectives together. And that's the framework that I use when I analyze communication systems now. Yes?\r\n\r\n- When you talked about the criticism of the Catholic Church, I'm curious, you know, I've been looking at the context on which they were trying to do their message, you criticize perhaps that they didn't offer condoms in their message or whatever. However, in that same video done by CBS or whoever did that, mentioned that condoms and the pill and all these pulled things weren't effective anyway. So I don't know if you, if that criticism is fair because maybe they're just taking it all primitive versus as, you know, including condoms.\r\n\r\n- Great. Okay, I want to make it clear that I'm not criticizing the Catholic Church. I just used the Catholic Church as illustration of a contextual force that determined what kind of message would be presented in that video, okay? Now, also because I have researched population communication I know that the conduct distribution strategies in Latin America, were always constrained because of that contextual reality so that they haven't been distributed terribly widely. There are lots of problems with condom distribution all over the world. I have personally been involved with evaluating projects and there are all kinds of horror stories. Like in Thailand, you have the demonstration, the condom guy goes from house to house to demonstrate how to use condoms and condoms are a great success, by the way, in Thailand for various cultural reasons. And what happens is that the guy demonstrates to the men in the community how to use condoms. So he puts it on the bamboo poles that the houses are built of. Nine months later, the horror story is that he comes back, everybody's got a new baby and there're all these multi-colored condoms supplied by the ivy on bamboo poles outside the house. Okay? So it's not easy. There are problems with the condom distribution strategy. But I only mentioned the Catholic Church and I have gotten a lot of strength and a lot of spiritual development from the Catholic Church so I'm the last person to criticize some dimensions of it.\r\n\r\n- One more question. What do, you do offer a lot of problems. And I'm just curious, for example, the Powdermelk, they offer lots of money or they support the program. So what I've heard is that the education system or the educating idealism that this started on failed basically because education couldn't be financially supported. What solution is there to that problem?\r\n\r\n- I'm sorry. Let me try and paraphrase what I think I understood, okay? You're saying that communication systems were introduced into third world countries for educational applications, which is the point I was making, but that governments who were assumed to be able to support this application found they didn't have the money and so they auctioned off the radio or TV station like in the Ivory Coast to advertising agencies who then run the system, okay? So you are asking if what are the options if government does not--\r\n\r\n- In other words, if the government can't support it and they're being railroaded by . What other sources may be available to subsidize these programs so they get the effect that they initially were after?\r\n\r\n- Listen. I really can't tell you that. I don't have any solutions. All I'm saying is that when you introduce communication systems to bear in mind the economics of the situation. There are lots of illustrations of how people do this. For example, there is discussion of having separate channels, a commercial channel and an educational channel. It's so that the money that is generated from the commercial channel to the government should be siphoned off in part to run an educational channel so that both channels exist. They're on the air all the time and they provide options. That's one way of doing it. Another way that the idea, the independent broadcasting authority in England does, is that they check the text of every commercial and seven out of 10 commercials don't make it on independent broadcasting stations in England because they make false claims. So the truth in advertising is so careful so that if in fact, the government of Kenya checks the commercials and said, \"Okay, in our context, this will have repercussions \"we can't deal with.\" And they have these statutes and regulations written out as clearly as in England, then you wouldn't have the kind of problem that we have. It's not that there won't be a backlash. There will be a backlash. There will be pressure. And then you come down to basics and you say, you come down to the nature around the development, the exploitation of third world countries, the inequality in the work system, how do they deal in sort of an uneven playing field? That's the base, the fundamental issue you come down to ultimately. Yes, anyone else? Great, thank you very much for coming. Goodbye.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40524/file/112188#t=0.0,1359.75184"}]}]}]}