{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/h98z892x2m/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Ngubo, Nomonde, Workers in South Africa and the World"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV204050 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Workers in South Africa and the World is a November 5, 1991 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring Nomonde Ngubo. Nomonde Ngubo discusses the growing labor movement in South Africa.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. (accessibility)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Local Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["Lectures_AV204050"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["Per request by the creator, access to this item is restricted to scholarly use only. (access)","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."]}},{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Workers in South Africa and the World. Iowa State University Lecture Series (RS 8/6/53). Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Ark"]},"value":{"en":["https://n2t.net/ark:/87292/w9gm81t6z"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1991-11-05"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["lectures","Sound"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Ngubo, Nomonde (speaker)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1/4 inch audio cassette"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Labor unions","Labor movement","General strikes","Value-added tax"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["South Africa (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Committee on Lectures records (RS 8/6/53) (physical collection)","Iowa State Lectures Series (digital collection)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Workers in South Africa and the World is a November 5, 1991 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring Nomonde Ngubo. Nomonde Ngubo discusses the growing labor movement in South Africa.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines."]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["Per request by the creator, access to this item is restricted to scholarly use only.","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Iowa State University"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Iowa State University"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/116/038/small/lecture.png?1622557297","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - AV204050_Workers_in_South_Africa_and_the_World_a.mp3"]},"duration":2757.384,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/116/038/small/lecture.png?1622557297","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/116/038/original/AV204050_Workers_in_South_Africa_and_the_World_a.mp3?1622557297","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":2757.384,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204050_Workers_in_South_Africa_and_the_World_a.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience murmuring)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=5.399,8.482"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=9.38,11.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and welcome to the third day of the institute of...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=11.14,14.892"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on world affairs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=14.892,16.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lecture series on the New World Order.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=16.08,19.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After two days of excellent and revealing speeches","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=21.51,24.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by our distinguished guest speakers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=24.28,27.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we wish to continue the dialogue today","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=27.32,30.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by asking ourselves whether a New World Order really exist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=30.04,34.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One would like to ask questions like,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=36.82,38.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how can we have a New World Order","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=38.94,41.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when industrialized nations continue or practices,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=41.64,44.938"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that threaten the environment in our very existence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=44.938,49.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When homelessness, hunger and starvation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=50.52,53.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are still widespread throughout this world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=53.06,55.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When forces of oppression and occupation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=57.08,59.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are still doing business as usual.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=59.6,61.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And when exploitation of the masses of this world by a few,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=62.64,65.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Since the finest and strongest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=69.82,71.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Africa's sons and daughters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=71.76,73.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were dragged into forced labor by European imperialism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=73.24,77.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"industrialist nations have continued","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=81.44,82.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to exploit the labor of the masses of this world","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=82.88,87.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the own selfish gains.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=87.02,89.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"From South Africa to the Middle East,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=90.5,94.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including recently, quote unquote","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=94.73,96.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"liberated Kuwait and Saudi Arabia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=96.64,100.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To central South and North America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=101.41,103.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A few in this world,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=105.27,106.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a few greedy people in this world","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=106.53,108.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have continued to exploit the masses of our people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=108.1,113.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Today, we're gonna start","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=115.56,119.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by talking about how the rest of the world,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=119.05,123.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through the racist and oppressive system of apartheid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=123.81,128.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has exploited the labor and the resources","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=128.29,133.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the people of South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=133.07,136.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And how that extends","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=136.01,137.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to exploitation of the rest of the labor force of the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=137.23,142.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At this point, I like to call up my brother","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=143.914,147.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Abraham Bafana Moredi from Azania, South Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=147.92,151.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to introduce our speaker for the day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=151.64,153.527"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=155.737,158.737"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you for the ovation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=163.04,164.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It sounds like I'm the one going to give the lecture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=164.933,167.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Before I proceed here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=169.06,170.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would like to appeal to you that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=170.5,172.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have flyers over there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=172.9,174.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have postcards,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=174.75,176.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's written on them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=176.97,178.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doing business with apartheid is buying racism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=178.23,183.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the other flyers too, regarding the labor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=184.62,188.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the South African government, and it's onslaught on labor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=188.76,193.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Today we are blessed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=194.95,196.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to have one of the daughters of Azania.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=196.77,200.677"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As the Europeans call it Azania, we say Azania.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=202.24,205.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's the correct way of saying it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=205.3,207.516"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nomonde Ngubo is a labor specialist from South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=207.516,211.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She is the special international representative","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=212.24,216.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the National Union of Mine Workers of South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=216.4,221.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She also worked for the past five years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=221.93,226.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a representative","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=226.06,227.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the United Mine Workers of the United States of America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=227.81,232.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Currently, she is on a leave of absence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=234.16,236.531"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the United Mine Workers of America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=236.531,239.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And she's working on a project called","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=239.7,242.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Third World Women's Project,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=242.21,245.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which she refuses to have it addressed that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=245.25,248.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She says, it's The Humans Project","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=248.54,251.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not The Third world Women's Project,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=251.84,254.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but The Humans Project.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=254.15,256.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Our speaker has a variety of experiences,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=258.41,262.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both in her academic achievements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=262.36,267.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and as well as in her experiences with the industry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=267.54,272.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She was educated in the Republic of South Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=272.05,275.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as well as in the United States of America.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=275.59,278.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She received her diploma in library science","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=281.126,285.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 1978 at the university of Fort Hare.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=285.03,289.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's where the president of Zimbabwe,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=289.17,292.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Robert Mugabe was educated too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=292.09,294.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She continued in 1979","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=294.79,296.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and she received her Bachelor of Arts in Humanities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=296.51,300.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the same university.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=300.78,302.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She was emphasizing at that stage,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=302.76,305.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in psychology, sociology and english.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=305.44,309.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as recently as 1985,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=309.67,314.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"she received her Master of Arts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=314.12,317.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Labor and Industrial Movements,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=318.24,321.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at Indiana University of Pennsylvania.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=322.106,325.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I hope I said that right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=325.7,327.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then in her experiences with the industry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=328.82,332.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"she worked for Calpico Incorporation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=332.82,337.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is also affiliated with a ex-con","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=338.22,341.436"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"oh a slip of the tongue there, Exxon Corporation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=341.436,345.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She also worked with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=348.75,349.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Institute of Industrial Relations, in Johannesburg.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=349.87,354.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She started in 1978,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=355.91,358.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She started high school in Transkei","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=358.54,361.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in one of homelands within her homeland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=361.31,364.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She taught english and history,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=365.28,368.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and she also tutored the local nurses hospitals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=368.85,372.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in psychology and also sociology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=373.845,377.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She's the founder member or the founding member,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=379.09,382.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Council of South African Trade Union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=382.56,386.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is a national federation of unions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=387.97,391.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which has about 12 affiliates.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=391.86,394.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ladies and gentlemen,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=396.85,398.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as with any machine,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=398.03,399.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is propelled by movements or motion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=399.68,404.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and sound to produce energy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=404.52,407.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the labor movement as well is propelled by music","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=407.0,411.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and movement to produce persistence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=411.68,415.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speaker will point out to you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=416.48,418.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what happened in Johannesburg yesterday.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=418.02,421.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was a stay-away nationwide","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=421.2,423.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and 3 million people against the apartheid regime.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=423.09,427.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the response of the regime","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=427.78,429.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was to open fire on the defenseless and unarmed people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=429.56,433.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Republic of South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=434.93,437.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ladies and gentleman","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=437.67,438.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before or without any waste of time I should say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=438.71,443.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let me introduce to you Nomonde Ngubo.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=443.74,446.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience applauding)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=447.769,450.936"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you very much for that most generous introduction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=460.122,464.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Excuse me, where did you get all that information from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=464.08,468.247"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would like to thank all of you who are here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=468.247,471.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'd like to welcome you in sharing with me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=472.59,476.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as we walk through this small part","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=476.35,479.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the African continent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=479.13,482.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which as a continent","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=482.27,484.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"takes in the United States of America three times.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=484.6,489.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We live in a big, big continent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=490.7,492.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But economically speaking, the US becomes the giant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=493.91,498.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We however, live on a very rich soil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=500.007,505.007"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's part of our program.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=505.658,507.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd like to thank the people who invited me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=510.24,512.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to come to this forum as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=512.26,514.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'd like to thank the organizers of this series.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=515.76,518.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Today I'm going to talk about a couple of things,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=520.82,523.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some sporadic, some pointed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=525.54,527.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I'm going to walk you through a couple of issues","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=529.24,532.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are taking place currently.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=532.33,534.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some historical issues as well as some reflections,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=534.45,538.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'll open up for questions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=538.17,539.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now I'm going to run through a lot of facts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=541.1,543.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just so I give a profile of what's going on,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=543.61,546.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'll open it up for questions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=546.06,548.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if I happen to speak softly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=548.39,549.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"any one of you should raise a hand and let me know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=549.96,553.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I come from an oppressed society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=553.32,557.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where women are taught to speak softly like ladies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=557.54,560.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you don't understand what I'm saying in English,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=561.3,564.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just let me know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=564.2,565.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can say it in another language,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=565.033,566.379"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have 11 languages to choose from.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=566.379,568.571"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=568.571,571.571"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I just got back from South Africa two weeks ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=577.61,580.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So in my mind, there're a lot of things going on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=582.86,585.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of what's happening there now as we speak.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=585.22,588.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that sort of clouds, what I should be doing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=589.09,592.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of giving a formal lecture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=592.13,594.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where I work currently, am called a fellow,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=596.05,598.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the Institute for Policy Studies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=598.82,601.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As a fellow I've been trained","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=601.18,602.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to give lectures like the men do, you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=602.65,604.737"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I need a beard for that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=604.737,606.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm accustomed to this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=608.42,609.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because when I started working","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=609.253,610.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the mine workers in South Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=610.75,613.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was told upon application for the position","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=613.3,617.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I was mistaken","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=617.44,619.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I didn't know what they were looking for.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=619.88,621.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were looking for someone strong.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=621.68,624.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were looking by man.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=627.34,629.426"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I went down home and put on a pair of pants,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=629.426,631.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"shirt and a jacket and a hat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=631.79,632.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came back and said, I'm the man for the job (mumbles)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=632.98,637.266"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=637.266,640.266"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"South Africa today for most people is confusion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=646.75,651.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of what this transition means.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=654.09,656.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But to put it in perspective,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=658.85,660.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since 1948 South Africa has been dominated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=662.537,665.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by an apartheid regime,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=665.89,668.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whose main emphasis was constitutionalized racism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=668.55,672.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And institutionalized upon the black people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=675.336,677.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"excluding them from any parliamentary","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=677.62,679.674"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and decision making process,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=679.674,682.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"economically and politically.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=682.24,684.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in 1979,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=686.32,687.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"South Africa legalized trade unions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=690.58,694.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the first time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=694.46,695.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I come into this arena in the '80s","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=697.25,699.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"upon graduation from college.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=701.39,703.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the rise of militant trade unions in South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=704.87,708.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has helped steer forward the liberation movement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=708.9,713.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Firstly because it was the only legalized forum at the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=715.55,719.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But trade unions in South Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=720.1,721.795"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"unlike trade unions in other countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=721.795,724.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have never had the luxury","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=724.49,725.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of focusing on issues at the shop floor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=725.87,729.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like wages, hours and conditions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=729.68,732.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it being the only forum","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=732.16,734.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by which people could express","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=734.0,736.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their political aspirations, economic aspirations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=736.17,739.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and social problems,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=739.2,741.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"became the vehicle for any form of expression.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=741.99,746.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Therefore we've had to represent our workers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=746.97,749.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both at the shop floor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=749.44,750.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as well as on the national liberation front.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=750.54,753.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Culminating in this labor movement activism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=755.05,760.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have witnessed the first labor leader in South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=760.52,765.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be the first topmost senior person","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=765.21,768.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the African National Congress today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=768.13,769.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this election last year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=769.96,771.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The former head of the National Union of Mineworkers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=771.97,774.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of South Africa, Cyril Ramaphosa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=774.71,776.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the recent news in the ousting of Kaunda,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=778.03,782.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A former labor leader,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=784.492,785.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"indicates that indeed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=785.92,787.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"labor leaders can become the vehicle for change","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=787.69,791.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in other countries as well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=791.4,793.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is an inspiration to me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=793.38,794.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The scenario of labor movements in South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=797.68,799.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that we have the Congress of South African trade unions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=799.663,803.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was formed in 1985.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=803.38,805.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And another smaller Federation which is called NACTU,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=807.43,810.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the National Confederation of South African Trade Unions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=810.38,813.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And since 1979,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=815.21,817.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have a unionized labor force of about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=817.67,820.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"25% total in the labor force .","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=823.07,826.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My expertise in the mining industry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=828.36,830.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I'm going to focus a lot more on that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=830.81,832.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"however, this becomes central to the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=832.62,835.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we spent on 50 minerals in our soil in South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=835.95,840.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Leading in our exports in gold and diamond,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=841.41,844.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and exporting about 40% of our coal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=844.3,847.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the international market.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=847.68,849.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The mining industry employees currently","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=851.97,856.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about 650,000 workers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=856.6,860.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gone down since 1990 from 770,000.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=861.71,866.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"About a hundred thousand workers were laid off last year,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=866.9,870.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"due to the 1987 strike that cost South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=870.31,875.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about one and a half million dollars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=875.67,878.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But as we speak today","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=878.29,880.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"South Africa is experiencing yet another stay-away,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=880.01,884.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"two day stay-away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=884.64,886.089"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now a stay-away Is not a general strike","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=886.089,888.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of workers not going to work,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=888.56,891.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it means nothing is happening in the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=891.34,894.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The milkman doesn't come to drop the milk,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=894.04,897.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the newspaper doesn't come,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=897.0,899.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"students don't go to class,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=899.39,901.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"trains which are owned by the government run empty,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=901.38,904.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"taxis don't go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=904.18,905.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the report that I got today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=906.69,908.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that the stay-away has already cost South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=908.91,912.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"3 billion rands in losses, today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=912.61,916.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's been recorded as tremendously successful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=917.81,921.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And statistics that point about 3 million people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=921.82,925.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who have stayed out of work, are not accurate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=925.36,927.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because when they calculate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=927.77,928.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they go to what they call Johannesburg (mumbles),","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=928.99,931.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they leave the rest of the country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=931.11,932.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which they never recognized in the first place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=932.25,934.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The South African government is experiencing this stay-away","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=939.63,942.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of VAT, which is called value added tax system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=942.69,947.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are many reasons","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=949.07,949.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for government to require people to pay taxes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=949.903,952.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that they can have money and revenue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=954.09,957.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to pay for education, roads, railways, social amenities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=957.13,962.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in a country where 87% of the land","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=963.91,966.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"belongs to about 20% of the population,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=966.72,970.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and only 13% of the land is owned by blacks legally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=970.26,975.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And where 80% of the population doesn't vote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=975.73,979.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the tax is meaningless.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=979.44,980.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's taxation without representation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=982.1,984.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"few people vote against this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=984.71,986.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Secondly, I have painted a scenario","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=986.66,990.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of exactly how this VAT tax works for us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=990.63,994.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"See if I can track it down for you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=996.19,999.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For poor people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1001.767,1003.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the VAT tax system is not only a political vehicle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1003.56,1007.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they are protesting against.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1007.65,1010.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's taxation on food,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1010.05,1012.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"basic foods like bread","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1012.01,1014.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and millet meal which is basic to us,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1014.11,1016.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which we eat in fact daily.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1016.37,1018.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And unlike the general sales tax,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1019.05,1021.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which we used to pay at the end of any product","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1021.32,1023.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we bought over the counter,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1023.77,1025.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"under the VAT system,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1026.95,1029.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what happens is that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1031.31,1032.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the person who sells furniture,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1034.34,1037.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"chops off the trees,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1038.47,1040.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then they can get revenue from the government,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1041.21,1044.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for making the plank into furniture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1045.12,1047.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then the person who sells furniture,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1049.5,1052.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can get revenue back","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1052.23,1053.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and pay the person who sold the wood to them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1053.5,1056.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the person who buys the furniture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1056.48,1058.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the end of the line, the consumer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1058.72,1061.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pays value added tax, on top of the price of the product.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1061.62,1066.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So either way we lose.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1068.26,1070.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then we still have to pay for services","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1070.24,1073.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which we did not get and never will get","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1073.17,1075.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until we get our liberation from the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1075.95,1079.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's the point that I just want to make","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1079.35,1080.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about what's happening today in the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1080.93,1083.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Also, whilst we talk about talks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1084.6,1088.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a government in transformation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1089.24,1091.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the need for an interim government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1091.48,1093.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The South African government moves on heedlessly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1093.69,1097.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as though they were still a government in operation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1097.69,1100.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Increasing taxes and issuing out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1102.5,1106.599"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"2.5 acres of land to homelands,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1106.599,1111.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which they instituted,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1111.12,1113.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by stating that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1113.13,1113.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we do not belong to the land in which we live,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1113.963,1116.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but belong to the land in which they choose.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1116.55,1119.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I want to explain this to you by pointing to this map.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1119.49,1122.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was born in Pretoria,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1130.28,1132.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is somewhere here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1134.493,1136.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which is part of the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1139.262,1142.045"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"According to South African government,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1142.045,1143.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"am not supposed to have been born there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1143.84,1146.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So am born here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1146.153,1147.486"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And legally I do not live here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1149.691,1151.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I live here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1151.763,1152.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So when they allocate land,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1153.603,1155.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to me and my family,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1155.73,1157.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is where they give it to me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1157.29,1159.073"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In spite of the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1160.1,1161.016"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that for over 50 years I've been living here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1161.016,1164.766"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So practically speaking,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1168.84,1170.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when South Africa talks about reform","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1170.13,1172.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they institute such reforms,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1172.16,1174.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it means they're still operating","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1174.24,1175.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within the framework of apartheid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1175.83,1177.867"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People ask questions about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1178.73,1180.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do you think de Klerk is good for the country?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1180.02,1184.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The answer to that is de Klerk is more clever than good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1185.23,1188.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he has been able to change perception,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1191.81,1195.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not the situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1196.3,1198.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The agreement they are doing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1200.31,1201.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the country is privatization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1201.19,1204.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A lot has been said about privatization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1206.27,1208.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the problem with privatization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1210.32,1212.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that it does not take into consideration","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1212.0,1214.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"social and economic policy considerations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1214.54,1217.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are prevalent in a situation like ours.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1217.5,1221.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where most of the people, the blacks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1221.56,1223.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have been locked out of the system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1223.74,1225.567"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So for instance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1226.91,1227.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if they privatized hospitals and schools,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1227.79,1231.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in an education which is free for whites,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1231.01,1233.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and compulsory for whites.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1234.94,1237.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not free for blacks and not compulsory for blacks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1237.36,1241.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When it is privatized,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1241.2,1242.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it means those who cannot afford to,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1242.57,1243.717"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would not go to school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1243.717,1245.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And over and above this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1245.31,1247.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there is the violence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1247.42,1248.671"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is targeted mostly at the schools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1248.671,1251.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Students don't go to classes anymore.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1251.56,1254.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If and when they do,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1254.32,1255.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people in masked faces come in unmarked cars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1257.11,1262.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and enter the classrooms and kill children in mass.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1262.32,1266.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Just a couple, maybe 11,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1266.24,1268.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then they leave,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1268.2,1269.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then school is out for the day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1269.4,1271.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this one I witnessed with my own eyes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1271.38,1274.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I saw the same thing taking place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1274.41,1276.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when I was in the middle East,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1276.07,1277.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at Gaza strip last year in August.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1278.77,1281.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I thought at the time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1281.95,1283.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this situation is worse off than ours in South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1283.1,1286.589"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And when I went to South Africa recently","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1286.589,1288.202"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I realized it's the same thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1288.202,1290.027"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After all both started in 1948.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1290.027,1292.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The violence in South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1296.84,1299.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a matter that needs addressing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1299.05,1301.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because what it has succeeded in doing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1301.93,1305.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it has demoralized a lot of people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1305.27,1307.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They ask questions like,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1307.73,1308.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what is it the ANC doing for us?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1308.94,1311.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're dying, our children are dying.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1312.46,1314.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and every time we go to a funeral, more people die.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1314.13,1316.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Whether or not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1319.0,1319.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the government would like to take the blame for this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1319.87,1323.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would like to visit them with the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1323.29,1324.902"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that in 1976, I was in South Africa, I was a student then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1324.902,1328.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"President de Klerk then was the minister of education, 1976.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1328.78,1332.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He managed to at least make sure","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1333.72,1336.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that all the children who were protesting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1336.36,1338.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were off the streets.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1338.32,1340.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He could use the same power","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1340.2,1341.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to stop the violence in South Africa if he has any.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1341.67,1344.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if he can't, then he should step aside","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1344.82,1347.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like people have asked him to.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1347.08,1348.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On the question of the labor unions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1352.54,1354.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and how we have managed to go on as we have.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1354.71,1357.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd like to point out a few things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1359.66,1361.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The African National Congress was banned in 1960.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1362.85,1365.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we have been forced to operate within the structures","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1367.171,1369.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as they existed within the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1369.95,1371.669"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And therefore I've had more experience","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1371.669,1373.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in dealing with day to day situations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1373.28,1375.931"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in this relationship","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1375.931,1377.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between workers and unhealthy industrial environment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1377.7,1380.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"management has had to learn to deal with labor unions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1380.88,1385.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as we speak,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1385.5,1386.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have managed to have management, government and labor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1386.333,1391.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to form a tripartite form of agreement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1392.3,1395.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whereby they resolve their problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1395.67,1397.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the government is still left out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1397.65,1399.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the National Manpower Commission,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1399.67,1402.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is the agent that is being used","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1402.02,1405.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to formalize the structures in the talks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1405.03,1407.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is been ignored by the Nationalist Party.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1407.69,1410.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, this VAT would not have been instituted,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1411.98,1415.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if the government had listened to those parties.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1415.1,1417.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Last year there was...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1418.899,1420.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In '88 there was a three days stay-away,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1421.89,1423.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"protesting a repugnant labor relations act amendment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1424.92,1429.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which even as we speak,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1429.67,1432.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"still refuses to recognize the public sector as trade unions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1432.06,1437.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and refuses to recognize farm workers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1437.06,1440.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and refuses to recognize domestic workers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1440.36,1443.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which form about 600,000 people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1443.6,1445.432"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the farm workers in the country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1445.432,1447.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"laboring under the most adverse conditions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1447.79,1450.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the mining industry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1452.23,1453.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1454.67,1456.254"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of infertility rate annually of 110,000,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1456.254,1461.254"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and 850 per annum deaths.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1462.0,1464.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the government, instead of recognizing those things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1465.6,1468.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and putting them under the same labor relations act,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1468.56,1471.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decides to Institute commissions of inquiry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1471.5,1474.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and commissions to deal with it on a time to time basis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1474.19,1478.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But we've made some strides","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1480.56,1482.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of maintaining our strike action.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1482.04,1485.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Voting with our feet,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1486.84,1488.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and also using the ability to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1489.25,1492.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"embark on corporate strategies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1493.83,1495.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The corporate strategies requires","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1497.29,1499.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"solidarity with international trade unions and secretariats,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1499.03,1504.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in fostering and forcing management","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1504.29,1506.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to yield to some of our demands.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1506.9,1508.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The United Mine Workers of America","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1510.9,1512.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had a strike against Pittston coal mine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1512.47,1516.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they employed the same strategies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1516.62,1518.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and got all over the world,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1518.26,1521.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"other companies and coal workers, to join in the strike.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1521.07,1524.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And other workers, who other than coal workers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1524.94,1527.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within the country to work with them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1527.05,1528.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"South African workers have employed the same tactics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1532.07,1535.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the 87 strike","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1535.01,1536.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which I was actively involved in this country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1536.21,1538.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gained some support all over.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1538.57,1540.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was unfostered.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1540.39,1542.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But this has also been done","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1542.29,1543.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through sister unions throughout the country here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1543.61,1547.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Unions which are like other unions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1547.39,1550.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have joined with other unions in South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1550.35,1553.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to foster ties with them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1553.22,1555.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that whenever one union,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1555.43,1557.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the globalization of the workforce","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1557.3,1559.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"forces workers to recognize the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1559.49,1561.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that once you talk of multinationals,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1561.45,1564.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they are United in profits and capital.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1564.19,1568.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And work force on the other hand","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1568.17,1569.087"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"continued to talk about themselves","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1569.087,1571.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as though they belong to separate industries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1571.1,1573.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the solidarity between workers throughout the world","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1576.39,1579.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has made the workforce become one single family of workers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1579.04,1583.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because companies pit one worker against another,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1583.46,1587.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when they want to move from one country to another","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1587.72,1589.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"saying they want to compete at the global market.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1589.74,1592.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this has made it possible then","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1595.64,1599.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for people to recognize the need","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1599.83,1601.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to come together on issues on a common global family.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1601.66,1605.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the thing that I want to leave you with,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1606.76,1608.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before I go on to letting you open up for questions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1608.72,1611.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that the question of sanctions against South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1613.21,1616.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is been slowly eroded by a lot of factors globally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1616.18,1621.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But there are about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1625.53,1626.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let me see,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1633.98,1634.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"27 States and 88 cities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1635.89,1639.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"24 countries minus the EEC countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1639.72,1643.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which have lifted sanction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1643.94,1645.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What we need for you to continue to do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1647.02,1648.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to maintain the city legislations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1648.92,1653.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whereby cities and counties","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1654.2,1656.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"refuse to buy any commodities from South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1656.58,1660.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Those are the strongest sanctions that we had,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1660.8,1664.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even with the sanctions that we had in South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1664.13,1666.147"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And those need to be maintained.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1666.147,1668.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because cities will rather","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1669.2,1670.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than lose their ability to contract for work,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1670.96,1674.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they'd rather get rid of South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1674.96,1677.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we would need your support on those issues","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1677.33,1679.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when and if sanctions go from the Bush administration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1679.53,1683.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And any way we never got any sanctions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1683.62,1686.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from this administration,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1686.14,1687.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but we got sanctions from our supporters in this country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1687.92,1691.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I'd like you to maintain that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1691.03,1693.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'd like to fold quickly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1693.38,1694.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I think it would be better for me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1694.71,1697.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to open this forum for questions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1697.58,1700.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that I focus more pointedly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1700.43,1702.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the issues that you'd like to know more about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1702.09,1704.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1709.822,1712.822"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Most importantly, I'd like to (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1725.413,1730.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e The question of hurting workers in South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1742.477,1745.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is not really an issue, it's an excuse.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1745.17,1748.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're about six conglomerates in South Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1748.09,1750.566"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which dominate the economy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1750.566,1753.545"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's Anglo American,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1753.545,1755.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is a South African multinational,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1755.13,1756.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rembrandt, South African Mutual,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1756.943,1759.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sanlam, Liberty and Anglovaal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1759.66,1761.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All together, they control more than 70%","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1762.92,1765.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Johannesburg stock exchange.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1765.68,1767.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they do not employ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1768.87,1770.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people who are unskilled laborers in the country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1770.12,1773.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is the bulk of the population","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1773.58,1775.057"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the labor force in the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1775.057,1776.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The unemployment rate in the rural areas is still a 60%.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1778.54,1783.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Inflation rate right now is more than 50% in the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1783.69,1787.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in 1970, after the Sharpeville shootings","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1788.58,1791.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when America decided to go into South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1791.73,1794.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and invest and bring in more companies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1794.33,1797.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"South Africa's boom","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1797.03,1798.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did not affect the black people in South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1798.26,1802.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, they killed 69 people at the Sharpeville shootings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1802.36,1805.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Johannesburg stock exchange","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1805.86,1807.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was shut down for one day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1807.31,1808.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And later on in 1984,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1809.87,1811.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Johannesburg stock exchange was shut down for two days.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1811.42,1813.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"South African black still are not affected by that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1813.98,1817.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the question of employment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1817.39,1818.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially in terms of sanctions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1820.21,1822.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where companies that invest in South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1823.27,1826.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"employ less than 1% of the population anyway,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1826.08,1828.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cannot even begin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1830.53,1832.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to scratch the surface of hurting the black people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1832.21,1835.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And furthermore, it is the black people of South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1835.05,1838.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who have asked for sanctions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1838.61,1840.696"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Preferring rather to bear the pain,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1840.696,1842.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if it be so,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1844.2,1845.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the short term gain of the longterm liberation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1845.83,1850.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is the thing that they want.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1850.5,1852.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I've heard it said that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1857.92,1859.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the past and up to now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1859.81,1861.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the National government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1861.69,1863.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has over the years since 1948,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1865.03,1868.711"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the government has had some industries nationalized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1868.711,1872.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to keep the power and the jobs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1872.94,1874.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the hands of the Afrikaners,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1874.65,1875.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who in some cases or many cases","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1875.92,1878.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are unqualified or less qualified for skilled positions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1878.34,1881.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than black South Africans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1881.69,1883.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they (mumbles) it by having some socialized industries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1883.16,1886.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know, preserving economic apartheid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1886.8,1889.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I've heard now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1889.9,1890.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the government is saying they're privatizing things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1890.81,1895.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But that is that they're anticipating","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1896.41,1898.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the change to black government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1898.6,1900.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they're privatizing industries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1900.07,1901.417"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in order to keep economic power out of the hands of blacks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1901.417,1906.417"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who would otherwise have more opportunity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1906.6,1909.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if the industries remained nationalized.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1909.06,1911.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can you comment on what really is going on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1911.4,1914.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and why the government is privatizing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1914.33,1917.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People say it's a good thing in this country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1917.29,1919.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I've heard otherwise.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1919.08,1920.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But as you said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1920.45,1921.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"privatizing will only perpetuate economic meltdown.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1921.283,1924.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e On the second part of your comment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1927.89,1931.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is well taken,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1931.0,1932.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both comments are true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1932.45,1933.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Under privatization we have a democracy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1936.56,1939.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is raised on property.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1939.48,1941.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is going to be a substitute","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1944.23,1947.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the dead hand of the state.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1947.29,1949.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For the cold shoulder of the private sector.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1952.69,1955.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We will be left with a state that never catered for us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1958.107,1961.267"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a culture of the private sector","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1961.267,1963.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that doesn't care for us,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1963.117,1965.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"under privatization in nutshell.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1965.24,1966.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Afrikaners are right","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1969.45,1972.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to continue to demand socialism from their government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1972.56,1976.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because the ticket under which","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1976.29,1977.846"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the nationalists came into power in 1948,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1977.846,1981.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was to promise full employment to the whites.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1981.86,1985.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If they cannot deliver that, they lose their constituency,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1986.41,1990.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we, the blacks come into power.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1990.24,1992.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We want them to lose their constituency,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1992.78,1995.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that we can change that government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1995.48,1997.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and begin to have a normalized situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1997.32,1999.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And at this point","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=1999.56,2000.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they still employ about 85% of the Afrikaners","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2000.393,2004.157"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the government sector.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2005.104,2006.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If they say","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2007.39,2008.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're getting rid of the past system for instance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2008.223,2011.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where will all those people work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2011.62,2012.834"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when they can't stop us in the street","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2012.834,2014.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and demand the passbook, if that's their job?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2014.73,2017.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If they have to get rid of knocking on people's doors","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2019.04,2023.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to look at who's sleeping with the white,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2023.08,2025.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where will all those people work,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2025.99,2027.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if they get rid of the populations registration act","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2027.66,2030.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and immorality act?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2030.21,2032.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they've had jobs that were meaningless to life,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2032.29,2036.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but then they have to be employed somewhere","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2036.49,2038.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they never learned anything else, but to be white.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2038.83,2041.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In terms of apartheid as defined,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2050.5,2052.877"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's really an economic system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2052.877,2055.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where a white privileged minority rules the majority.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2057.23,2061.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In terms of divide and conquer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2063.55,2066.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the people who,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2066.15,2067.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"according apartheid's definition of what coloreds are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2067.24,2069.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and insigination of black and white,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2069.54,2071.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these people become light-skinned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2072.715,2075.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A person like myself get stopped from time to time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2076.91,2080.624"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the old apartheid guard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2080.624,2083.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"say, you are not supposed to be standing on this line,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2083.1,2085.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you're supposed to be standing on that line","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2085.71,2087.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because you're colored,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2087.13,2088.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"purely because I'm lighter skinned than someone else.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2088.63,2091.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or you can be classified colored","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2093.112,2094.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it's clear that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2094.55,2096.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some of your ancestors or your parents,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2096.78,2099.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were black and white sometimes before","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2099.65,2101.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and therefore look colored.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2101.7,2103.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And how coloreds were determined originally","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2104.68,2107.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was to get a fin tooth comb put through their hair.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2107.97,2111.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If it glided smoothly to the back, you were colored.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2111.49,2116.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If it got stuck, you were African.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2118.3,2121.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we do have people that are classified as such even today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2123.13,2127.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they get slightly more privilege.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2127.1,2129.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in terms of having a say","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2129.76,2132.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the ruling of the government, they don't really.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2133.475,2136.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Even in this so-called tripartite parliament,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2138.19,2141.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they sit separately from the white assembly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2141.53,2145.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"deliberate on colored issues,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2145.75,2147.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and maybe asked for their advice and may not be.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2147.79,2152.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In terms of pushing forward,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2156.951,2158.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the struggle for the liberation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2158.85,2160.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and dismantling of apartheid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2160.28,2162.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the coloreds and the Indians of (mumbles) origin,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2162.36,2166.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the blacks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2166.27,2167.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fall under one category","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2167.103,2168.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the oppressed people of South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2168.46,2170.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oppression is perceived differently","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2174.413,2178.261"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by different groups in South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2178.261,2181.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right now we see chaos,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2181.31,2183.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ANC and the others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2186.276,2187.859"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Are we likely to see a lot of white (mumbles),","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2189.717,2192.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a very strong one,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2194.202,2195.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a feminist movement in South Africa?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2195.853,2200.607"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e The feminist movement in South Africa is alive and well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2200.607,2204.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Whilst we as women have had to fight","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2205.98,2209.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the liberation of our country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2209.28,2210.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we've had to fight side by side as women","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2210.4,2213.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against the oppression and male domination","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2213.44,2216.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a male chauvinist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2216.8,2218.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in pushing for feminist goals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2220.01,2222.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the liberation of women against men,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2222.85,2225.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have pushed forward the struggle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2225.64,2227.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the liberation of our country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2227.22,2228.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we're in the vanguard of the struggle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2228.56,2230.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the labor movement, for instance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2232.27,2234.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when trade unions go to negotiate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2236.0,2238.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"under collective bargaining for packages,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2238.3,2241.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the women have added","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2241.13,2243.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there be a clause","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2243.89,2246.169"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that grants them maternity and paternity benefits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2246.169,2251.169"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, sometimes men don't know","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2251.22,2252.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they have the children too,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2252.62,2254.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they like to spend time with their children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2254.73,2257.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We remind them of this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2257.67,2258.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then we make sure that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2258.88,2260.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that demand is included in the package","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2260.06,2261.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the positive conceded to this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2261.78,2264.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're getting that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2264.28,2265.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, we getting more humane men,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2265.95,2267.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"spending time with their children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2269.19,2270.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Women have demanded","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2270.39,2271.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the right for breastfeeding time off from work,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2271.41,2274.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with paid time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2274.17,2275.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we recognize the fact that this bottle feeding","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2276.48,2278.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is being promoted by companies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2278.69,2281.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which want to sell Similac and Nestle products,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2281.09,2284.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which sometimes is over diluted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2284.58,2286.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and results in malnourishing of kids,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2286.34,2289.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make sure","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2289.18,2290.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that women have the right to breastfeed their children","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2290.013,2291.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because breastfeeding is still the best form","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2291.81,2293.726"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of feeding babies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2293.726,2295.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We've got that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2295.57,2296.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in terms of liberating women,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2299.78,2302.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"women's agenda in liberation struggles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2302.14,2304.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the national agenda.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2304.69,2306.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sometimes men's agenda is the political agenda.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2306.45,2309.565"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there's a difference between the two.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2309.565,2311.615"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As for Inkatha,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2313.26,2314.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wouldn't be able to be as kind and as gentle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2319.9,2322.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I'd like to be on this subject.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2322.72,2324.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I will say one thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2326.33,2327.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Chieftainship is a totally different phenomenon","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2328.917,2333.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from elected representatives,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2333.44,2337.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2338.76,2339.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One, Gatsha Buthelezi gets his status from the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2341.49,2345.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that he is Royal crowned chief of the Zulu nation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2345.05,2349.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Like anybody else was Royal crowned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2349.3,2351.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in many parts of the country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2351.02,2352.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what makes him so special?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2352.96,2355.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Secondly, he's put there as head of the Zulus","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2355.06,2357.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the South African government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2357.9,2359.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If the South African government puts somebody there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2360.86,2362.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're the same as that person anyway.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2362.72,2364.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thirdly, his constituency","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2365.62,2367.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is not exactly people by virtue of being Zulu.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2367.43,2370.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He is the one who speaks on their behalf.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2370.58,2373.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They are not the ones who asked him","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2373.42,2374.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to speak on their behalf.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2374.92,2376.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Can you comment on the role of the civics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2382.73,2384.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the townships in different parts of the country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2384.293,2386.911"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and how they liaise with labor (mumbles)?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2386.911,2390.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Civics are doing an excellent job.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2390.51,2394.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there is an Alliance of civic organizations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2394.0,2397.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and labor organizations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2397.87,2399.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the African National Congress,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2399.73,2401.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and all the patriotic front liberation movements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2401.51,2404.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within the country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2404.47,2405.599"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including the PAC, AZAPO, and everyone else.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2405.599,2409.227"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Civics are close to the issue, as close as can be,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2409.227,2412.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they're dealing with day-to-day conflicts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2412.24,2415.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the townships,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2415.11,2416.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and have mastered conflict resolution methods","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2416.48,2419.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are very advanced.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2419.73,2422.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's succeeded in some areas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2422.02,2424.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to quell the violence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2424.19,2425.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that some people in the country haven't been able to do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2425.24,2427.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They have to deal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2427.74,2428.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with people who move from rural areas to urban areas,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2428.67,2433.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that they can be close to their husbands","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2433.36,2435.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who live as migrants, 11 months away from their families.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2435.88,2440.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then they try to build housing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2440.46,2442.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for these people who come from shantytowns.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2442.85,2445.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And most of the violence,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2445.64,2446.982"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at its very onset,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2446.982,2448.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was caused primarily by the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2448.83,2450.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that people who lived in shantytowns","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2450.63,2452.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and those were coming from the rural areas,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2452.49,2454.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were threatening the urbanites.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2454.54,2456.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Taking away their land","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2456.97,2458.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then crowding them in the communities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2458.9,2461.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially in Natal, which was where the violence started.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2461.95,2464.812"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Civic organizations have done tremendous work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2464.812,2467.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this general direction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2467.07,2469.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in terms of galvanizing support","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2469.03,2473.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against hikes of prices in bread and rent,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2473.41,2478.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they've also been very active.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2478.6,2480.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So right now they're almost the backbone","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2480.47,2483.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of rural and urban organizing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2483.75,2486.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on a day-to-day constant basis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2486.21,2488.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay, could you explain why didn't you leave South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2493.727,2495.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 1976 or before then,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2495.923,2499.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if it was safe for you to do so?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2499.85,2501.827"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e That's a difficult question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2504.49,2505.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't think that I had to leave South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2509.88,2512.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the time, really didn't.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2512.55,2514.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I opted to face the situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2515.79,2519.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Like when I went back this time round,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2519.39,2522.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I had applied for a passport,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2522.47,2524.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they asked me to fill in a form of indemnity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2524.74,2527.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now I don't think I needed a form of indemnity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2528.29,2532.689"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nothing that wants me damned, I mean indemnification.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2532.689,2536.917"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they gave me a travel document","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2536.917,2538.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I had applied for a passport.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2538.86,2541.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I took back the travel document","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2541.22,2542.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until they gave me a passport,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2542.88,2544.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2544.35,2545.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well they had instituted all these reforms,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2545.183,2546.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why not give me a passport?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2546.88,2548.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think a lot of people in South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2550.73,2552.398"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"need to be given the due of having stayed out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2552.398,2557.398"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For instance, the domestic worker,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2558.54,2561.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who is a mother of a child who is in college","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2561.51,2564.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and finally succeeds to be in the United States today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2564.07,2566.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is more of a hero to me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2566.65,2568.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than someone who was thrown in prison maybe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2568.56,2571.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not because there's something less","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2571.54,2573.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the one than the other,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2573.56,2575.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but because they have both been facing the struggle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2575.13,2577.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and working and furthering it forward one way or the other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2577.79,2582.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know if I'm answering your question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2582.26,2584.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I have a question about the Boers (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2591.918,2596.918"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay the original privileged group would be (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2613.533,2618.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Apparently, the Boers had some genuine grievances","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2632.094,2636.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against the way the British treated them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2636.89,2639.597"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1948 they had nothing, but gained political powers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2640.517,2644.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some Boers became very wealthy, very powerful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2644.63,2647.599"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But apparently, if you're talking about entire groups,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2647.599,2652.599"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's still the English,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2654.04,2655.599"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who were more affluent than the other four.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2655.599,2658.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which means they maybe in a position","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2658.4,2661.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be used much as Boers are used in this country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2661.82,2666.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Am not sure,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2668.6,2669.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are the Boers really less affluent than the British?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2669.433,2672.761"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Absolutely, well the British empire came first.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2672.761,2677.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, you are correct.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2677.29,2678.218"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know the people became privileged aren't there now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2678.218,2681.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Right, if you come from a generation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2681.44,2686.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Ford people in this country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2686.92,2689.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you have a lot of money.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2689.69,2691.061"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2691.061,2691.894"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e And if you had to buy your way out of slavery","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2691.894,2694.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a black in this country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2694.52,2695.353"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's no way you're gonna catch up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2695.353,2697.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with that kind of person.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2697.02,2699.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Boers were oppressed by the English.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2699.16,2701.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were first put in concentration camps,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2701.13,2703.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they were forced to speak English","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2703.39,2705.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and not even their language,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2705.06,2706.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is what they forced us to do in 1976.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2706.12,2708.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They are doing the exact same thing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2708.46,2710.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was done to them at the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2710.76,2712.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They however, left their country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2713.68,2715.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in search of another country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2715.66,2717.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they have decided South Africa will be their new home.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2717.98,2721.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The British on the other hand,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2721.47,2722.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't have that sense of no where to go,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2722.71,2726.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"according to the Afrikaners.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2726.73,2728.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because Europe's there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2729.15,2730.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and most of them have maintained dual citizenship.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2730.19,2733.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in terms of what they are called the Boers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2733.22,2736.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by definition, they're farmers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2736.54,2739.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Their livelihood is on the soil, in farming.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2741.36,2744.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's how they got themselves into South Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2745.35,2748.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's how they stripped us of the land in 1915.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2748.05,2752.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"'Cause the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=2752.16,2752.993"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27888/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/888/original/AV204050_Workers_in_South_Africa_and_the_World_a.vtt?1622557299","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/888/original/AV204050_Workers_in_South_Africa_and_the_World_a.vtt?1622557299"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27889","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204050_Workers_in_South_Africa_and_the_World_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038/transcript/27889/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the third day of the institute of... on world affairs, lecture series on the New World Order. After two days of excellent and revealing speeches by our distinguished guest speakers, we wish to continue the dialogue today by asking ourselves whether a New World Order really exist. One would like to ask questions like, how can we have a New World Order when industrialized nations continue or practices, that threaten the environment in our very existence. When homelessness, hunger and starvation are still widespread throughout this world. When forces of oppression and occupation are still doing business as usual. And when exploitation of the masses of this world by a few, Since the finest and strongest of Africa's sons and daughters were dragged into forced labor by European imperialism, industrialist nations have continued to exploit the labor of the masses of this world for the own selfish gains. From South Africa to the Middle East, including recently, quote unquote liberated Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. To central South and North America. A few in this world, a few greedy people in this world have continued to exploit the masses of our people. Today, we're gonna start by talking about how the rest of the world, through the racist and oppressive system of apartheid has exploited the labor and the resources of the people of South Africa. And how that extends to exploitation of the rest of the labor force of the world. At this point, I like to call up my brother Abraham Bafana Moredi from Azania, South Africa, to introduce our speaker for the day.\r\n\r\n- Thank you for the ovation. It sounds like I'm the one going to give the lecture. Before I proceed here, I would like to appeal to you that we have flyers over there. We have postcards, and it's written on them, doing business with apartheid is buying racism. And the other flyers too, regarding the labor, the South African government, and it's onslaught on labor. Today we are blessed to have one of the daughters of Azania. As the Europeans call it Azania, we say Azania. that's the correct way of saying it. Nomonde Ngubo is a labor specialist from South Africa. She is the special international representative for the National Union of Mine Workers of South Africa. She also worked for the past five years as a representative for the United Mine Workers of the United States of America. Currently, she is on a leave of absence from the United Mine Workers of America. And she's working on a project called The Third World Women's Project, which she refuses to have it addressed that way. She says, it's The Humans Project not The Third world Women's Project, but The Humans Project. Our speaker has a variety of experiences, both in her academic achievements and as well as in her experiences with the industry. She was educated in the Republic of South Africa, as well as in the United States of America. She received her diploma in library science in 1978 at the university of Fort Hare. That's where the president of Zimbabwe, Robert Mugabe was educated too. She continued in 1979 and she received her Bachelor of Arts in Humanities, at the same university. She was emphasizing at that stage, in psychology, sociology and english. And as recently as 1985, she received her Master of Arts in Labor and Industrial Movements, at Indiana University of Pennsylvania. I hope I said that right. And then in her experiences with the industry, she worked for Calpico Incorporation, which is also affiliated with a ex-con oh a slip of the tongue there, Exxon Corporation. She also worked with The Institute of Industrial Relations, in Johannesburg. She started in 1978, She started high school in Transkei in one of homelands within her homeland. She taught english and history, and she also tutored the local nurses hospitals in psychology and also sociology. She's the founder member or the founding member, of the Council of South African Trade Union. That is a national federation of unions which has about 12 affiliates. Ladies and gentlemen, as with any machine, which is propelled by movements or motion, and sound to produce energy, the labor movement as well is propelled by music and movement to produce persistence. The speaker will point out to you what happened in Johannesburg yesterday. There was a stay-away nationwide and 3 million people against the apartheid regime. And the response of the regime was to open fire on the defenseless and unarmed people of the Republic of South Africa. Ladies and gentleman before or without any waste of time I should say, let me introduce to you Nomonde Ngubo.\r\n\r\n- Thank you very much for that most generous introduction. Excuse me, where did you get all that information from? I would like to thank all of you who are here. And I'd like to welcome you in sharing with me as we walk through this small part of the African continent. Which as a continent takes in the United States of America three times. We live in a big, big continent. But economically speaking, the US becomes the giant. We however, live on a very rich soil, and that's part of our program. I'd like to thank the people who invited me to come to this forum as well. And I'd like to thank the organizers of this series. Today I'm going to talk about a couple of things, some sporadic, some pointed. But I'm going to walk you through a couple of issues that are taking place currently. Some historical issues as well as some reflections, and I'll open up for questions. Now I'm going to run through a lot of facts just so I give a profile of what's going on, and I'll open it up for questions. And if I happen to speak softly any one of you should raise a hand and let me know, because I come from an oppressed society where women are taught to speak softly like ladies. And if you don't understand what I'm saying in English, just let me know. I can say it in another language, I have 11 languages to choose from. I just got back from South Africa two weeks ago. So in my mind, there're a lot of things going on in terms of what's happening there now as we speak. And that sort of clouds, what I should be doing in terms of giving a formal lecture. Where I work currently, am called a fellow, at the Institute for Policy Studies. As a fellow I've been trained to give lectures like the men do, you know, and I need a beard for that. I'm accustomed to this because when I started working at the mine workers in South Africa, I was told upon application for the position that I was mistaken because I didn't know what they were looking for. They were looking for someone strong. They were looking by man. So I went down home and put on a pair of pants, shirt and a jacket and a hat, came back and said, I'm the man for the job South Africa today for most people is confusion, in terms of what this transition means. But to put it in perspective, since 1948 South Africa has been dominated by an apartheid regime, whose main emphasis was constitutionalized racism. And institutionalized upon the black people, excluding them from any parliamentary and decision making process, economically and politically. And in 1979, South Africa legalized trade unions for the first time. And I come into this arena in the '80s upon graduation from college. And the rise of militant trade unions in South Africa has helped steer forward the liberation movement. Firstly because it was the only legalized forum at the time. But trade unions in South Africa, unlike trade unions in other countries, have never had the luxury of focusing on issues at the shop floor like wages, hours and conditions. But it being the only forum by which people could express their political aspirations, economic aspirations and social problems, became the vehicle for any form of expression. Therefore we've had to represent our workers, both at the shop floor, as well as on the national liberation front. Culminating in this labor movement activism, we have witnessed the first labor leader in South Africa to be the first topmost senior person in the African National Congress today, in this election last year. The former head of the National Union of Mineworkers of South Africa, Cyril Ramaphosa. And the recent news in the ousting of Kaunda, A former labor leader, indicates that indeed labor leaders can become the vehicle for change in other countries as well, which is an inspiration to me. The scenario of labor movements in South Africa is that we have the Congress of South African trade unions, which was formed in 1985. And another smaller Federation which is called NACTU, to the National Confederation of South African Trade Unions. And since 1979, we have a unionized labor force of about 25% total in the labor force . My expertise in the mining industry. So I'm going to focus a lot more on that, however, this becomes central to the fact that we spent on 50 minerals in our soil in South Africa. Leading in our exports in gold and diamond, and exporting about 40% of our coal to the international market. The mining industry employees currently about 650,000 workers. Gone down since 1990 from 770,000. About a hundred thousand workers were laid off last year, due to the 1987 strike that cost South Africa about one and a half million dollars. But as we speak today South Africa is experiencing yet another stay-away, two day stay-away. Now a stay-away Is not a general strike in terms of workers not going to work, it means nothing is happening in the country. The milkman doesn't come to drop the milk, the newspaper doesn't come, students don't go to class, trains which are owned by the government run empty, taxis don't go. And the report that I got today, is that the stay-away has already cost South Africa 3 billion rands in losses, today. And it's been recorded as tremendously successful. And statistics that point about 3 million people who have stayed out of work, are not accurate, because when they calculate they go to what they call Johannesburg , and they leave the rest of the country, which they never recognized in the first place. The South African government is experiencing this stay-away because of VAT, which is called value added tax system. There are many reasons for government to require people to pay taxes. So that they can have money and revenue to pay for education, roads, railways, social amenities. But in a country where 87% of the land belongs to about 20% of the population, and only 13% of the land is owned by blacks legally. And where 80% of the population doesn't vote, the tax is meaningless. And it's taxation without representation, few people vote against this. Secondly, I have painted a scenario in terms of exactly how this VAT tax works for us. See if I can track it down for you. For poor people, the VAT tax system is not only a political vehicle that they are protesting against. There's taxation on food, basic foods like bread and millet meal which is basic to us, which we eat in fact daily. And unlike the general sales tax, which we used to pay at the end of any product that we bought over the counter, under the VAT system, what happens is that the person who sells furniture, chops off the trees, and then they can get revenue from the government, for making the plank into furniture. And then the person who sells furniture, can get revenue back and pay the person who sold the wood to them. And the person who buys the furniture at the end of the line, the consumer, pays value added tax, on top of the price of the product. So either way we lose. And then we still have to pay for services which we did not get and never will get until we get our liberation from the country. So that's the point that I just want to make about what's happening today in the country. Also, whilst we talk about talks in a government in transformation, and the need for an interim government. The South African government moves on heedlessly as though they were still a government in operation. Increasing taxes and issuing out 2.5 acres of land to homelands, which they instituted, by stating that we do not belong to the land in which we live, but belong to the land in which they choose. I want to explain this to you by pointing to this map. I was born in Pretoria, which is somewhere here. Which is part of the country. According to South African government, am not supposed to have been born there. So am born here. And legally I do not live here, I live here. So when they allocate land, to me and my family, this is where they give it to me. In spite of the fact that for over 50 years I've been living here, So practically speaking, when South Africa talks about reform and they institute such reforms, it means they're still operating within the framework of apartheid. People ask questions about do you think de Klerk is good for the country? The answer to that is de Klerk is more clever than good. And he has been able to change perception, not the situation. The agreement they are doing in the country is privatization. A lot has been said about privatization. But the problem with privatization is that it does not take into consideration social and economic policy considerations, which are prevalent in a situation like ours. Where most of the people, the blacks, have been locked out of the system. So for instance, if they privatized hospitals and schools, in an education which is free for whites, and compulsory for whites. Not free for blacks and not compulsory for blacks. When it is privatized, it means those who cannot afford to, would not go to school. And over and above this, there is the violence that is targeted mostly at the schools. Students don't go to classes anymore. If and when they do, people in masked faces come in unmarked cars and enter the classrooms and kill children in mass. Just a couple, maybe 11, and then they leave, then school is out for the day. And this one I witnessed with my own eyes. I saw the same thing taking place when I was in the middle East, at Gaza strip last year in August. And I thought at the time, this situation is worse off than ours in South Africa. And when I went to South Africa recently I realized it's the same thing. After all both started in 1948. The violence in South Africa is a matter that needs addressing, because what it has succeeded in doing, it has demoralized a lot of people. They ask questions like, what is it the ANC doing for us? We're dying, our children are dying. and every time we go to a funeral, more people die. Whether or not the government would like to take the blame for this, I would like to visit them with the fact that in 1976, I was in South Africa, I was a student then. President de Klerk then was the minister of education, 1976. He managed to at least make sure that all the children who were protesting were off the streets. He could use the same power to stop the violence in South Africa if he has any. And if he can't, then he should step aside like people have asked him to. On the question of the labor unions and how we have managed to go on as we have. I'd like to point out a few things. The African National Congress was banned in 1960. And we have been forced to operate within the structures as they existed within the country. And therefore I've had more experience in dealing with day to day situations. And in this relationship between workers and unhealthy industrial environment, management has had to learn to deal with labor unions. And as we speak, we have managed to have management, government and labor, to form a tripartite form of agreement whereby they resolve their problems. And the government is still left out because the National Manpower Commission, which is the agent that is being used to formalize the structures in the talks is been ignored by the Nationalist Party. In fact, this VAT would not have been instituted, if the government had listened to those parties. Last year there was... In '88 there was a three days stay-away, protesting a repugnant labor relations act amendment. Which even as we speak, still refuses to recognize the public sector as trade unions and refuses to recognize farm workers and refuses to recognize domestic workers, which form about 600,000 people, the farm workers in the country, laboring under the most adverse conditions. In the mining industry, we have problems of infertility rate annually of 110,000, and 850 per annum deaths. And the government, instead of recognizing those things and putting them under the same labor relations act, decides to Institute commissions of inquiry, and commissions to deal with it on a time to time basis. But we've made some strides in terms of maintaining our strike action. Voting with our feet, and also using the ability to embark on corporate strategies. The corporate strategies requires solidarity with international trade unions and secretariats, in fostering and forcing management to yield to some of our demands. The United Mine Workers of America had a strike against Pittston coal mine. And they employed the same strategies and got all over the world, other companies and coal workers, to join in the strike. And other workers, who other than coal workers within the country to work with them. South African workers have employed the same tactics. In the 87 strike in which I was actively involved in this country, gained some support all over. That was unfostered. But this has also been done through sister unions throughout the country here. Unions which are like other unions, have joined with other unions in South Africa to foster ties with them. So that whenever one union, because the globalization of the workforce forces workers to recognize the fact that once you talk of multinationals, they are United in profits and capital. And work force on the other hand continued to talk about themselves as though they belong to separate industries. So the solidarity between workers throughout the world has made the workforce become one single family of workers because companies pit one worker against another, when they want to move from one country to another saying they want to compete at the global market. And this has made it possible then for people to recognize the need to come together on issues on a common global family. But the thing that I want to leave you with, before I go on to letting you open up for questions, is that the question of sanctions against South Africa is been slowly eroded by a lot of factors globally. But there are about, let me see, 27 States and 88 cities, 24 countries minus the EEC countries which have lifted sanction. What we need for you to continue to do is to maintain the city legislations, whereby cities and counties refuse to buy any commodities from South Africa. Those are the strongest sanctions that we had, even with the sanctions that we had in South Africa. And those need to be maintained. Because cities will rather than lose their ability to contract for work, they'd rather get rid of South Africa. So we would need your support on those issues when and if sanctions go from the Bush administration. And any way we never got any sanctions from this administration, but we got sanctions from our supporters in this country. So I'd like you to maintain that. And I'd like to fold quickly because I think it would be better for me to open this forum for questions so that I focus more pointedly on the issues that you'd like to know more about.\r\n\r\n- Most importantly, I'd like to .\r\n\r\n- The question of hurting workers in South Africa is not really an issue, it's an excuse. They're about six conglomerates in South Africa, which dominate the economy. That's Anglo American, which is a South African multinational, Rembrandt, South African Mutual, Sanlam, Liberty and Anglovaal. All together, they control more than 70% of the Johannesburg stock exchange. And they do not employ people who are unskilled laborers in the country, which is the bulk of the population of the labor force in the country. The unemployment rate in the rural areas is still a 60%. Inflation rate right now is more than 50% in the country. And in 1970, after the Sharpeville shootings when America decided to go into South Africa and invest and bring in more companies, South Africa's boom did not affect the black people in South Africa. In fact, they killed 69 people at the Sharpeville shootings. The Johannesburg stock exchange was shut down for one day. And later on in 1984, the Johannesburg stock exchange was shut down for two days. South African black still are not affected by that. So the question of employment, especially in terms of sanctions, where companies that invest in South Africa employ less than 1% of the population anyway, cannot even begin to scratch the surface of hurting the black people. And furthermore, it is the black people of South Africa who have asked for sanctions. Preferring rather to bear the pain, if it be so, for the short term gain of the longterm liberation, which is the thing that they want.\r\n\r\n- I've heard it said that in the past and up to now the National government has over the years since 1948, the government has had some industries nationalized to keep the power and the jobs in the hands of the Afrikaners, who in some cases or many cases are unqualified or less qualified for skilled positions, than black South Africans. So they it by having some socialized industries you know, preserving economic apartheid. And I've heard now that the government is saying they're privatizing things. But that is that they're anticipating the change to black government. And they're privatizing industries in order to keep economic power out of the hands of blacks, who would otherwise have more opportunity if the industries remained nationalized. Can you comment on what really is going on and why the government is privatizing? People say it's a good thing in this country and I've heard otherwise. But as you said, privatizing will only perpetuate economic meltdown.\r\n\r\n- On the second part of your comment, which is well taken, both comments are true. Under privatization we have a democracy which is raised on property. And this is going to be a substitute for the dead hand of the state. For the cold shoulder of the private sector. We will be left with a state that never catered for us and a culture of the private sector that doesn't care for us, under privatization in nutshell. The Afrikaners are right to continue to demand socialism from their government. Because the ticket under which the nationalists came into power in 1948, was to promise full employment to the whites. If they cannot deliver that, they lose their constituency, and we, the blacks come into power. We want them to lose their constituency, so that we can change that government and begin to have a normalized situation. And at this point they still employ about 85% of the Afrikaners in the government sector. If they say they're getting rid of the past system for instance, where will all those people work when they can't stop us in the street and demand the passbook, if that's their job? If they have to get rid of knocking on people's doors to look at who's sleeping with the white, where will all those people work, if they get rid of the populations registration act and immorality act? So they've had jobs that were meaningless to life, but then they have to be employed somewhere and they never learned anything else, but to be white. In terms of apartheid as defined, it's really an economic system. Where a white privileged minority rules the majority. In terms of divide and conquer, the people who, according apartheid's definition of what coloreds are, and insigination of black and white, these people become light-skinned. A person like myself get stopped from time to time, and the old apartheid guard say, you are not supposed to be standing on this line, you're supposed to be standing on that line because you're colored, purely because I'm lighter skinned than someone else. Or you can be classified colored because it's clear that some of your ancestors or your parents, were black and white sometimes before and therefore look colored. And how coloreds were determined originally was to get a fin tooth comb put through their hair. If it glided smoothly to the back, you were colored. If it got stuck, you were African. So we do have people that are classified as such even today, they get slightly more privilege. But in terms of having a say in the ruling of the government, they don't really. Even in this so-called tripartite parliament, they sit separately from the white assembly, deliberate on colored issues, and maybe asked for their advice and may not be. In terms of pushing forward, the struggle for the liberation and dismantling of apartheid, the coloreds and the Indians of origin, and the blacks, fall under one category of the oppressed people of South Africa.\r\n\r\n- Oppression is perceived differently by different groups in South Africa. Right now we see chaos, ANC and the others. Are we likely to see a lot of white , a very strong one, a feminist movement in South Africa?\r\n\r\n- The feminist movement in South Africa is alive and well. Whilst we as women have had to fight for the liberation of our country, we've had to fight side by side as women against the oppression and male domination of a male chauvinist. But in pushing for feminist goals and the liberation of women against men, we have pushed forward the struggle for the liberation of our country, and we're in the vanguard of the struggle. In the labor movement, for instance, when trade unions go to negotiate under collective bargaining for packages, the women have added that there be a clause that grants them maternity and paternity benefits. You know, sometimes men don't know that they have the children too, and they like to spend time with their children. We remind them of this, and then we make sure that, that demand is included in the package and the positive conceded to this. We're getting that. Now, we getting more humane men, spending time with their children. Women have demanded the right for breastfeeding time off from work, with paid time. And we recognize the fact that this bottle feeding that is being promoted by companies which want to sell Similac and Nestle products, which sometimes is over diluted and results in malnourishing of kids, to make sure that women have the right to breastfeed their children because breastfeeding is still the best form of feeding babies. We've got that. And in terms of liberating women, women's agenda in liberation struggles is the national agenda. Sometimes men's agenda is the political agenda. And there's a difference between the two. As for Inkatha, I wouldn't be able to be as kind and as gentle as I'd like to be on this subject. But I will say one thing. Chieftainship is a totally different phenomenon from elected representatives, by the people. One, Gatsha Buthelezi gets his status from the fact that he is Royal crowned chief of the Zulu nation. Like anybody else was Royal crowned in many parts of the country, what makes him so special? Secondly, he's put there as head of the Zulus by the South African government. If the South African government puts somebody there they're the same as that person anyway. Thirdly, his constituency is not exactly people by virtue of being Zulu. He is the one who speaks on their behalf. They are not the ones who asked him to speak on their behalf.\r\n\r\n- Can you comment on the role of the civics and the townships in different parts of the country and how they liaise with labor ?\r\n\r\n- Civics are doing an excellent job. And there is an Alliance of civic organizations and labor organizations, the African National Congress, and all the patriotic front liberation movements within the country, including the PAC, AZAPO, and everyone else. Civics are close to the issue, as close as can be, because they're dealing with day-to-day conflicts in the townships, and have mastered conflict resolution methods which are very advanced. And it's succeeded in some areas to quell the violence that some people in the country haven't been able to do. They have to deal with people who move from rural areas to urban areas, so that they can be close to their husbands who live as migrants, 11 months away from their families. And then they try to build housing for these people who come from shantytowns. And most of the violence, at its very onset, was caused primarily by the fact that people who lived in shantytowns and those were coming from the rural areas, were threatening the urbanites. Taking away their land and then crowding them in the communities, especially in Natal, which was where the violence started. Civic organizations have done tremendous work in this general direction. And in terms of galvanizing support against hikes of prices in bread and rent, they've also been very active. So right now they're almost the backbone of rural and urban organizing on a day-to-day constant basis.\r\n\r\n- Okay, could you explain why didn't you leave South Africa in 1976 or before then, if it was safe for you to do so?\r\n\r\n- That's a difficult question. I didn't think that I had to leave South Africa at the time, really didn't. And I opted to face the situation. Like when I went back this time round, I had applied for a passport, they asked me to fill in a form of indemnity. Now I don't think I needed a form of indemnity. Nothing that wants me damned, I mean indemnification. And they gave me a travel document and I had applied for a passport. I took back the travel document until they gave me a passport, because I said, well they had instituted all these reforms, why not give me a passport? And I think a lot of people in South Africa need to be given the due of having stayed out. For instance, the domestic worker, who is a mother of a child who is in college and finally succeeds to be in the United States today, is more of a hero to me, than someone who was thrown in prison maybe. Not because there's something less of the one than the other, but because they have both been facing the struggle and working and furthering it forward one way or the other. I don't know if I'm answering your question.\r\n\r\n- I have a question about the Boers Okay the original privileged group would be Apparently, the Boers had some genuine grievances against the way the British treated them. In 1948 they had nothing, but gained political powers. Some Boers became very wealthy, very powerful. But apparently, if you're talking about entire groups, it's still the English, who were more affluent than the other four. Which means they maybe in a position to be used much as Boers are used in this country. Am not sure, are the Boers really less affluent than the British?\r\n\r\n- Absolutely, well the British empire came first.\r\n\r\n- Yeah, you are correct. You know the people became privileged aren't there now.\r\n\r\n- Right, if you come from a generation of the Ford people in this country, you have a lot of money.\r\n\r\n- Yeah.\r\n\r\n- And if you had to buy your way out of slavery as a black in this country, there's no way you're gonna catch up with that kind of person. The Boers were oppressed by the English. They were first put in concentration camps, they were forced to speak English and not even their language, which is what they forced us to do in 1976. They are doing the exact same thing that was done to them at the time. They however, left their country in search of another country. And they have decided South Africa will be their new home. The British on the other hand, don't have that sense of no where to go, according to the Afrikaners. Because Europe's there, and most of them have maintained dual citizenship. But in terms of what they are called the Boers, by definition, they're farmers. Their livelihood is on the soil, in farming. And that's how they got themselves into South Africa, and that's how they stripped us of the land in 1915. 'Cause the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43226/file/116038#t=0.0,2757.384"}]}]}]}