{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/gq6qz23274/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Commoner, Barry, Aspects of International Environmental Problems"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Aspects of International Environmental Problems. Iowa State University Lecture Series (RS 8/6/53). Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["There are no restrictions on access. (access)","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. 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much,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=124.322,126.155"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm glad to be back in Ames, this is my third visit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=127.77,132.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I know it's a special occasion in various 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on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=146.28,147.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e It's on (indistinct) there you go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=147.76,149.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e All right, it's a special 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back","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=188.63,192.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to local issues like the Ames power plant,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=192.68,197.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think this is something which we're going","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=197.6,200.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to have to be confronting on a national scale.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=200.81,204.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, we're all aware of the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=207.46,210.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there are now effects on the planet,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=210.0,213.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the entire skin of the planet, the soil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=213.49,218.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the vegetation the air affecting the temperature,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=219.64,224.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so global warming is clearly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=225.19,227.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a planetary environmental crisis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=227.57,231.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think by now everybody knows it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=231.73,234.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including the people who were worried about the expense","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=234.61,238.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and have been trying to say, it's not really happening,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=238.15,241.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that, you know, the first sign","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=241.46,243.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of global warming is simply violent weather.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=243.7,247.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For a very obvious reason,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=248.35,250.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the weather is driven by energy from the sun,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=250.26,253.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if we are collecting more energy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=254.44,257.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as evidenced by the increased temperature,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=257.24,260.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then we are going to get more extremes of weather,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=260.76,264.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there is a very simple way of measuring that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=264.5,267.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and even some of the skeptics are aware of it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=267.76,272.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that is, you go to the insurance industry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=272.29,275.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The insurance industry has to pay","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=275.72,279.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the damage of violent storms, floods, and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=279.18,284.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the last decade, their expenses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=285.14,289.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for violent weather events has gone up six fold.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=289.48,293.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a threat actually, to their fiscal viability,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=295.5,300.057"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it keeps going up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=302.16,304.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Floods in England, in the last week or so","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=306.19,309.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hadn't appeared in that severity over a century,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=310.61,315.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so I think it's taken now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=316.56,319.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we are in global warming caused by things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=319.87,324.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we have done and continue to do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=324.62,327.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's a treaty that we signed in Kyoto,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=328.64,332.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's absolutely clear","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=332.54,334.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that practically nothing is going to be done,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=334.09,336.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the latest brilliant proposal from Mr. Clinton","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=336.44,341.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was to figure out ways of shifting the cost to other people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=341.0,346.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know, credits, for allowing another country to emit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=347.83,352.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because we're going to do less,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=356.22,359.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what's being called as a solution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=359.46,364.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is conservation of energy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=364.15,367.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, sure, that's a good thing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=367.14,368.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a good idea to use less energy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=368.64,371.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for what you're going to get out of it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=371.14,374.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but there's a limit to that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=374.01,375.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"energy is absolutely essential,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=375.9,378.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the problem is, that we haven't faced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=378.85,381.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the problem of going to ways of producing energy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=381.0,386.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that do not result in warming the Earth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=386.23,389.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so there's a global problem that we are, shall we say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=391.16,396.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"calmly, dealing with very inadequately.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=396.62,400.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The same is true of the ozone problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=402.6,406.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ozone in the stratosphere protects us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=407.15,411.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from ultraviolet light, every year","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=411.02,415.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the degree of ultraviolet light coming down,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=415.09,418.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"particularly in the Southern hemisphere,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=418.65,421.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"becomes more intense,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=421.38,423.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"yet we have a treaty about cutting back on the emissions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=423.28,427.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the chemicals that caused this, but it hasn't worked.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=427.43,431.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, there is a global environmental crisis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=431.67,435.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's a crisis in the sense","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=435.92,437.186"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we know what's happening,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=437.186,440.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're trying to do something about it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=440.53,443.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but very little has succeeded,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=443.14,446.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's true locally as 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constant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=464.6,468.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since 1970 and the latest EPA projection to 2010","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=468.98,473.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that it'll rise somewhat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=475.05,477.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and most of the other standard pollutants","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=479.11,482.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like carbon monoxide particles have gone down only slightly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=482.18,487.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, we're really not solving","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=487.63,490.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our environmental problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=490.26,492.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and many of them are getting worse.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=492.38,495.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, one, excuse me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=495.69,499.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one question is why are we so paralyzed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=499.97,503.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why are we putting these things off ?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=503.76,506.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's as though, well that's a planetary problem,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=506.41,510.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not ours, it's not in our 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call,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=522.06,526.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in that sense, it ought to be constructive,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=531.13,535.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and as a matter of fact, I want to 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phone,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=539.01,543.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I had just met him for the first time here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=543.43,546.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he informs me that the city 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it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=565.32,569.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it hasn't been tested since 1981,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=570.34,573.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then, because the methods were primitive 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sort,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=621.11,625.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's interesting that that, rather than","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=625.41,630.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the fact that this has been going on for quite a 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Nunavut.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=665.24,667.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nunavut is the new province that the Inuit wrested","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=668.98,673.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out of the Canadian government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=673.57,675.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by a brilliant set of analyses,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=675.84,679.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"absolutely 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it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=702.32,707.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, how many acres could one person live in?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=709.15,712.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The way they did it was absolutely 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now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=718.51,721.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the Inuit are now looked on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=721.26,723.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the people who learned how to do 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On the other side, is the same area","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=774.26,779.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mapped out with shading and dotted lines,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=779.24,783.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"showing where and when the Inuit 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area,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=791.36,796.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and when I saw that, it reminded me of a wonderful lesson,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=799.13,803.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's a wonderful, one of the 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Teller,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=812.125,814.858"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Edward Teller out in California,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=814.858,817.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know, there was a time when we were 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bomb,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=826.95,831.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know, dig out a harbor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=833.42,834.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where can you do that without causing a lot of trouble?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=836.25,839.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, what you need is a shoreline that's uninhabited,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=839.01,843.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he found one, up in Alaska while looking 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okay,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=853.0,858.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's where we'll do the bomb.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=858.302,860.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, the Eskimos and Indians who lived 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it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=872.253,877.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"learned that it would poison the caribou and them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=878.29,882.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they blocked the whole thing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=882.74,886.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I had to go back to the Inuit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=887.57,890.353"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're really marvelous people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=895.584,898.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what they got at with this Atlas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=898.32,901.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and 10 years of negotiation, they got the right","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=901.21,905.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"two years ago to set up this province,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=905.11,908.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now they have their own parliament now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=908.86,911.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they have the mineral rights and all the hunting rights,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=911.87,916.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they got several billion 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going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=921.74,924.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I say that because that explains why we did the study.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=925.56,930.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We did the study because the Inuit we're very concerned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=930.93,934.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about it, so much so that they played a very important role","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=934.65,939.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the treaty that the UN has been trying to set up,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=939.42,943.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so-called POPs treaty, Persistent Organic Pollutants","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=943.12,947.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by which dioxin is a very important 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knowing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1755.08,1757.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who can they talk to about this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1757.57,1759.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that's really what we were doing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1761.48,1765.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and as it turned out, we looked","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1765.15,1769.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the top 10 sources and lo, Ames was there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1769.21,1774.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, as I say, the problem with Ames","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1776.93,1780.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was that it has never had a modern analysis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1780.92,1785.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with respect to dioxin,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1785.49,1787.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was done once in 1981 at a time when","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1787.11,1790.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the analytical methods weren't really developed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1790.65,1794.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The analyses are so difficult that in 1981,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1794.04,1798.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think the only other laboratory besides","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1800.12,1804.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Ames laboratory was Midwest Research Institute,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1804.03,1808.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that is now very experienced,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1808.81,1812.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and is now authorized by EPA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1812.51,1816.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think there are no more than two or three","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1816.06,1818.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"authorized laboratories.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1818.37,1820.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At any rate, we can talk about that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1820.06,1823.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm sure some of you will have questions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1823.12,1825.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I wanna go on to get to the reason","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1825.21,1830.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for being concerned about this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1830.61,1832.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what's the health problem, what's it about?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1832.74,1836.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, this has been looked at very thorough,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1836.13,1840.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dioxin is now probably the most intensely analyzed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1840.4,1845.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"research pollutant that we know of,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1845.85,1850.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"largely because a public concern","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1851.36,1854.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over the dioxin and Agent Orange,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1854.69,1857.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that dioxin that affected the people in Vietnam","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1857.3,1862.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when the Agent Orange was used there affected the veterans,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1862.35,1866.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a lot is known and EPA, since 1985,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1866.77,1871.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been steadily trying to analyze","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1874.19,1878.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what the literature says,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1878.02,1879.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and has put out repeated assessments,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1879.95,1883.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reassessments of the dioxin problems,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1883.75,1887.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the reason why it's been done","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1887.57,1889.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that every time they put out an assessment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1889.953,1893.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was controversy, that is, the petrochemical industry","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1893.38,1898.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was producing, for example, Agent Orange","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1899.99,1904.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was contaminated with dioxin,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1907.37,1910.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"obviously, they were concerned, and a lot of controversy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1910.56,1915.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was generated simply by people objecting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1917.27,1922.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the kind of results that were coming out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1922.27,1925.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and one of the curious things is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1926.6,1928.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they've now been basically four reassessments,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1928.88,1932.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and each new reassessment was the result","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1933.78,1938.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of pressure from people who felt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1938.55,1942.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that EPA was exaggerating the health effects,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1942.78,1946.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's why they were assessed once again,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1946.46,1949.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and each time the next assessment came up convincingly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1950.95,1955.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"showing that the problem was worse than they thought,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1957.16,1960.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to go to the last two reassessments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1961.83,1966.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let me give you the picture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1966.43,1967.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The latest reassessment was made public","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1968.9,1972.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in draft form in June of this year,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1972.39,1975.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the previous one was in 1994.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1975.37,1979.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now in 1994, I'll give you the end result, so to speak,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1980.41,1984.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"see it was known from animal studies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1986.05,1988.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that dioxin is a powerful carcinogenic agent,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1988.49,1993.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very powerful, I'll give you some sense of it soon,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1993.49,1997.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the question was, how does it affect people?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=1999.92,2004.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You can't do experiments with people and you have to 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compounds,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2049.71,2052.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"17 of which are toxic at various degrees,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2052.77,2057.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the toxicity is measured against one 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people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2160.14,2163.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what was known about animals,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2163.57,2165.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was concluded that the one biological 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lifetime,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2185.07,2190.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a risk of between 500 in a million,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2192.27,2195.437"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'll explain why we're doing it that 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way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2209.37,2211.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that EPA has been using a so-called quote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2211.97,2216.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or acceptable risk of cancer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2217.7,2221.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in evaluating toxic effects of one in a million","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2221.8,2226.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so for example when an environmental impact statement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2228.01,2233.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is done in an incinerator, let's say that's emitting dioxin,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2233.14,2238.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the big argument is the effect one in a million,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2238.41,2243.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or more or less.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2243.15,2244.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So 1994, we were talking about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2246.49,2251.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the general US population running a risk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2251.8,2255.701"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of 500 to a thousand times higher than the acceptable risk,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2255.701,2260.701"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and where did it come from?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2262.78,2264.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Came from animal fat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2264.77,2268.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"2/3 of the exposure was due to milk, milk fat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2269.7,2274.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dairy products fat, and beef, the fat in beef,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2275.4,2280.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the rest from other smaller animals and fish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2281.81,2285.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, 95% of the exposure","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2287.56,2291.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is by what you eat, diet, why?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2291.16,2294.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dioxin is very soluble in fat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2296.69,2299.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it accumulates in fat, so that larger animals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2301.37,2306.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"get more dioxin because they're older.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2306.37,2308.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, chickens have less time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2310.75,2314.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to get contaminated than cows,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2314.07,2316.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we know in 1994, that's what we knew,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2319.05,2324.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the EPA set up as a hypothesis in their 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beef","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2344.81,2349.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and into our diet,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2357.5,2359.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was a hypothesis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2359.03,2360.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, I was going to say, I was happy to see it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2361.36,2366.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a way I was, but it's a silly thing to be happy 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model,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2375.64,2376.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the first thing we did was to try it out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2377.8,2380.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by following dioxin, from the sources into the great lakes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2380.27,2384.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but then a few years ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2384.95,2388.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we actually traced dioxin from all the 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Vermont,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2396.99,2401.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in that study, we actually measured","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2405.587,2408.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the amount of dioxin in the air at the farms,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2408.51,2412.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we measured how much was in the pasture,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2412.56,2415.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how much was in the mixed feed that was used by some farms,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2415.35,2420.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how much was in the milk, and tracked it all the way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2420.03,2424.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we used our model to compare what the model 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important,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2433.1,2437.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we could then make a list of the incinerators","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2437.61,2442.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and other places that were feeding the dioxin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2443.23,2447.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into the milk in Wisconsin to two sites in Wisconsin,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2447.29,2452.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where we actually measured it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2456.8,2459.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I have to tell you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2459.97,2461.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of those sites in Southeast Wisconsin,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2462.75,2466.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we looked at which sources were responsible,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2467.64,2472.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this case for 60% of the dioxin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2472.14,2475.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was coming down on the farm,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2475.87,2478.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the Ames incinerator is one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2481.85,2483.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why should you be surprised?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2487.29,2488.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Don't you suppose the dioxin fell","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2490.67,2493.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the ground between Ames and Nunavut?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2493.09,2496.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And a lot of it more comes down in Wisconsin,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2498.27,2501.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then comes down to Nunavut, 'cause it's closer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2501.53,2505.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it gets thinned out as it goes out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2505.2,2507.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, what's the name of the dairy company?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2509.92,2514.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Anderson Erickson.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2515.859,2516.908"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Anderson,\nErickson.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2516.908,2518.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Anderson Erickson, that's where you buy your milk,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2518.763,2523.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I tried to find out where the dairies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2523.73,2526.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that produce it are, and I imagine some of it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2528.636,2531.407"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"comes from Wisconsin,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2533.48,2535.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anyway, you think you're badly off,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2535.04,2538.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let me tell you about New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2538.91,2540.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"New York City is dioxin-free,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2541.47,2544.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a dioxin-free zone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2544.61,2546.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We, for the last 20 years have been fighting incinerators","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2547.97,2552.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there are no more,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2552.53,2553.753"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there isn't a municipal waste incinerator,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2554.63,2558.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there is no hospital waste incinerator in New York City,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2558.87,2562.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and our brilliant mayor decided the way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2562.92,2566.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to take care of trash was to ship it out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2566.23,2570.374"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so we're shipping a lot of it to Newark, New Jersey,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2570.374,2574.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where an incinerator is burning it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2574.83,2577.119"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2577.119,2579.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I guarantee you it's contaminating the milk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2579.21,2582.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the dairy farms in New Jersey,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2582.7,2585.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and half of our milk sold in New York city","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2585.55,2589.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"comes from farms in New Jersey.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2589.91,2592.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, as Jimmy Durante used to say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2593.79,2597.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"these are the conditions that prevail.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2597.117,2599.167"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is now the fact that we have to live with,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2600.6,2605.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that agriculture, farmers, have been recruited","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2605.98,2610.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as passive agents of transmitting dioxin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2610.95,2615.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the sources into our bodies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2615.54,2618.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is exactly what has happened.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2619.34,2622.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is not their fault,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2622.03,2623.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're just doing what they do, you know, in Vermont,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2624.52,2628.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we looked at farms that were doing the old-fashioned thing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2628.52,2633.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the cows were out in the open, eating grass","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2636.31,2640.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's all they ate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2640.0,2641.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these were very carefully managed, pasture forms,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2642.13,2647.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doing things, the old, good old way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2647.86,2651.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they had as much dioxin in them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2651.09,2653.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the ones that were eating silage and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2653.7,2658.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Oh, I should tell you something very important","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2662.05,2664.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to know about, was a lucky thing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2664.54,2667.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there is practically no dioxin in the grain of corn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2668.72,2673.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's a very, very important thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2675.95,2678.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"See, you understand this has been going on now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2679.61,2683.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since the 1930s, and so this stuff has been going","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2683.68,2688.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the air and settling down all over the United States,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2689.0,2692.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Canada, and the Arctic, and it's very stable,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2692.88,2697.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so a lot of it is in the soil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2698.69,2700.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in fact, anything that's been out in the open","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2701.433,2704.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been contaminated, not only by dioxin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2704.46,2707.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but a whole series of stable, organochlorine compounds,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2707.67,2711.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the result is when you burn wood, you produce dioxin,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2711.57,2716.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because whenever you burn organic matter","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2718.81,2722.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that has chlorine in it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2722.84,2724.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you will get dioxin because it's so very stable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2724.27,2727.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, the soil is contaminated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2728.3,2730.443"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fortunately, most plants do not take dioxin up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2731.45,2736.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the soil to their roots.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2736.75,2739.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The way it gets into the plant is through the stomata,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2739.69,2743.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the holes that take in carbon dioxide","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2743.18,2747.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it stays in the leaves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2747.13,2749.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So corn silage, if it's just vegetation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2750.16,2755.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it'll be low in dioxin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2755.5,2757.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, it'll be high in dioxin, the grain will be low,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2760.37,2764.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the fortunate thing about it is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2765.36,2768.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that if we ever get around to cutting off the sources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2768.22,2773.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the milk will clean up pretty fast,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2776.01,2778.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in fact, the only thing that'll keep it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2779.26,2780.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from cleaning up instantaneously, will be that the cows","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2780.87,2785.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"having been bred on dioxin-contaminated food,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2786.06,2790.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"still have it in their fat and are secreting it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2790.61,2793.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but once the cows have lived their time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2793.86,2798.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you will have dioxin-free cows.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=2798.4,2800.793"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26782/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/026/782/original/AV204754_Aspects_of_International_Environmental_Problems_a.vtt?1622064302","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/026/782/original/AV204754_Aspects_of_International_Environmental_Problems_a.vtt?1622064302"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26783","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204754_Aspects_of_International_Environmental_Problems_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273/transcript/26783/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Hello? Okay, welcome everybody, my name's Jane Pizer, I'm the student chair of the committee on lectures and which is partly funded by GSB or I think fully funded by GSB actually so, I'd like to welcome you here tonight, and to start off, I'd like to let everybody know that as an extension of the series on globalization, trade, debt and civil disorder in February on the 12th we'll be having author Laurie Garrett, author of The Coming Plague, come to speak about her book as well, so we can look forward to that but I'm still concentrating on this Fall, tonight we have Barry Commoner here, we're very excited, we're encouraging you to stay for the reception afterwards, which is hosted by biology and feel free to purchase one of Dr. Commoner's books back there, he'll be available to speak with and sign afterwards. Dr. Commoner was Director for the Center of Biology of Natural Systems at Queens college in New York city for 34 years, most recently he was the lead researcher for a team from the North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation which issued a report naming Ames, the Ames power plant is one of the top 10 dioxin emitters detected in Northern Canada. The commission was established under the North American Free Trade Agreement to address regional environmental issues. His publications include Science and Survival, The Closing Circle, Energy and Human Welfare, The Poverty of Power, The Politics of Energy and Making Peace for The Planet. He received a doctorate in biology from Harvard university, so if you can please join me in welcoming Dr. Barry Commoner.\r\n\r\n- Thank you very much, I'm glad to be back in Ames, this is my third visit, and I know it's a special occasion in various ways, and it's a really wonderful...\r\n\r\n- The microphone is not on.\r\n\r\n- It's not on?\r\n\r\n- It's on there you go.\r\n\r\n- All right, it's a special occasion because it just so happens that the fuss that our study caused here in Ames just to fit in with Pat Miller's program this year, globalization, and so it made the subject matter for this talk really very easy and well, not too easy, but quite direct, and really what I wanna talk about is the way in which the expression of our environmental problems on a global scale relates back to local issues like the Ames power plant, and I think this is something which we're going to have to be confronting on a national scale. You know, we're all aware of the fact that there are now effects on the planet, on the entire skin of the planet, the soil, the vegetation the air affecting the temperature, so global warming is clearly a planetary environmental crisis, and I think by now everybody knows it, including the people who were worried about the expense and have been trying to say, it's not really happening, that, you know, the first sign of global warming is simply violent weather. For a very obvious reason, the weather is driven by energy from the sun, if we are collecting more energy as evidenced by the increased temperature, then we are going to get more extremes of weather, and there is a very simple way of measuring that, and even some of the skeptics are aware of it, and that is, you go to the insurance industry. The insurance industry has to pay for the damage of violent storms, floods, and so on. In the last decade, their expenses for violent weather events has gone up six fold. It's a threat actually, to their fiscal viability, and it keeps going up. Floods in England, in the last week or so hadn't appeared in that severity over a century, so I think it's taken now, we are in global warming caused by things that we have done and continue to do. There's a treaty that we signed in Kyoto, but it's absolutely clear that practically nothing is going to be done, the latest brilliant proposal from Mr. Clinton was to figure out ways of shifting the cost to other people, you know, credits, for allowing another country to emit, because we're going to do less, and what's being called as a solution is conservation of energy. Well, sure, that's a good thing, It's a good idea to use less energy for what you're going to get out of it, but there's a limit to that, energy is absolutely essential, and the problem is, that we haven't faced the problem of going to ways of producing energy that do not result in warming the Earth, so there's a global problem that we are, shall we say, calmly, dealing with very inadequately. The same is true of the ozone problem. Ozone in the stratosphere protects us from ultraviolet light, every year the degree of ultraviolet light coming down, particularly in the Southern hemisphere, becomes more intense, yet we have a treaty about cutting back on the emissions of the chemicals that caused this, but it hasn't worked. In other words, there is a global environmental crisis, and it's a crisis in the sense that we know what's happening, we're trying to do something about it but very little has succeeded, and it's true locally as well, I mean, are you aware of the fact that a basic air pollutant, nitrites, nitrogen oxides that cause smog, have the emissions nationally in the United States have been constant since 1970 and the latest EPA projection to 2010 is that it'll rise somewhat, and most of the other standard pollutants like carbon monoxide particles have gone down only slightly. In other words, we're really not solving our environmental problems and many of them are getting worse. Well, one, excuse me, one question is why are we so paralyzed? Why are we putting these things off ? It's as though, well that's a planetary problem, It's not ours, it's not in our backyard. one thing that my reaction to what happened with our report in Ames was, well, this is a wake up call, and in that sense, it ought to be constructive, and as a matter of fact, I want to report that I've talked with Bob Kindred, the assistant city manager on the phone, I had just met him for the first time here, and he informs me that the city council has decided to investigate the proper action, in response to our report about the Ames plant emitting, we think, dioxin and the proper response to that is test it, it hasn't been tested since 1981, and then, because the methods were primitive then, very inadequately, and now the council is going to look into the question of working out a way of doing a test, so there are ways of responding, and it's interesting that this response came to a report that what Ames was doing, was affecting a small group of indigenous people, 25,000 of them, up in the Arctic, the Inuit, very remarkable people who are concerned about this sort of thing, because of the fact that they have essentially no sources of contamination of that sort, and it's interesting that that, rather than the fact that this has been going on for quite a while and as I'll show you very soon has had effects on the milk that you drink. We had to go to the Arctic, so to speak, to wake up, and that's, I think a very important aspect of this problem that I want to look at, and so it's something that we really need to go through and talk over in connection with the linkage between Ames and Nunavut. Nunavut is the new province that the Inuit wrested out of the Canadian government by a brilliant set of analyses, absolutely brilliant. See, what they had to do, the 25,000 people, the Inuit, living in a territory twice the size of Texas, it's a very low population density, and they believed that they had the right to set up a provincial government over that huge territory because they lived in it. Well, how many acres could one person live in? The way they did it was absolutely brilliant, and they now know, and you notice a lot of restlessness among indigenous people now, and the Inuit are now looked on as the people who learned how to do it, took them 10 years working with anthropologists and nutritionists, and environmentalist in Canada, almost all Canadians. They produced an atlas, if I could carry it, I would bring it. It's a book this big, we have one, it's a marvelous book and it opens up, and on one side you have geographic, very detailed geographic scaled maps, and on one side is an inventory of the animals that they hunt, an actual inventory with numbers, the little figures of the animals and so on. On the other side, is the same area mapped out with shading and dotted lines, showing where and when the Inuit hunt for those animals in that territory, establishing that their livelihood occupied that huge area, and when I saw that, it reminded me of a wonderful lesson, that's a wonderful, one of the really idiotic things that the United States government abetted, aided and abetted by Teller, Edward Teller out in California, you know, there was a time when we were doing peaceful development of atomic bombs and there was Teller got the idea of building a harbor with a nuclear bomb, you know, dig out a harbor, where can you do that without causing a lot of trouble? Well, what you need is a shoreline that's uninhabited, and he found one, up in Alaska while looking around and he saw, well, there was a town up here and one down here and hundreds of miles in between and said, okay, that's where we'll do the bomb. Well, the Eskimos and Indians who lived there got wind of it with a little help from some of us in St. Louis at the time, and learned about it, learned that it would poison the caribou and them, and they blocked the whole thing, but I had to go back to the Inuit, they're really marvelous people, what they got at with this Atlas and 10 years of negotiation, they got the right two years ago to set up this province, now they have their own parliament now, they have the mineral rights and all the hunting rights, and they got several billion dollars over the next 10 years of money from the Canadian government to help them get going. Well, I say that because that explains why we did the study. We did the study because the Inuit we're very concerned about it, so much so that they played a very important role in the treaty that the UN has been trying to set up, so-called POPs treaty, Persistent Organic Pollutants by which dioxin is a very important one, It's in trouble like all of these international environmental treaties, but in, I think the second conference, they heard from the Inuit about their problems and it had a very important effect in pushing this treaty forward, so we were very much interested in seeing whether these POPs and dioxin is one, polychlorobiphenyls is another. These are persistent, very stable, they're organic, and they have a tendency to volatilize under certain temperatures, and then in cold weather come down and the end result is that there's a tendency for them to move Northward in the Summer for example, dioxin and PCBs will volatilize, and as they migrate, they get to Northern regions, there, at the lower temperature, they tend to cling onto particles and come down with the ground. The next Summer, they volatilize and take another trip Northward, and the result is they get to the Arctic Circle and there's no place to go, that's colder, and so the Inuit have been exposed to more dioxin than you would expect from the fact that they don't have sources of dioxin, and so what we were interested in was linking up the amount coming down in the Arctic to the sources that produced it. Now, why? Well, the Inuit were interested in doing something about it, and they thought, and it's a very sound idea, that what you do is you back to where it comes from and see if they could stop doing what they're doing, that's really what they were interested in, and so we felt that we should try to understand how material that is put into the air in the United States and Canada and even in Mexico, can get up there, now, how do we know that it gets up there? Well, the Canadians have been making measurements, they find it in caribou, in seal, in polar bear, and they find it in the mother's milk of the Inuit at a level, which is twice the level found among mothers in Southern Canada, which is roughly the level that we get in the United States. Now, we'll talk about what that means in terms of health, but the fact is that for a number of years it's been known that this area, which has almost no sources of dioxin or PCBs has been afflicted by both of these things and really the major way in which it can get there from the sources, we know we have them here is really through the air, and so what we did was to try to work out a way of finding a way of identifying and ranking the sources that generate dioxin with respect to their influence on Nunavut. Now, it was known that the way in which it gets into caribou, say, is that it has to fall on the food that the caribou eat like, and so what we decided to do was to work out using this wonderful atlas, we set up areas, or roughly 50 kilometers by 50 kilometers, an area where we knew they were hunting caribou, an area near it, where we knew along the shore they hunted seal, which is another major source of food, and we said, okay, they are our receptors, and we're going to try to find out how much dioxin comes down to each of these receptors, and we set up eight sites across this huge territory that is, we chose them, we didn't do anything, it was all done in Queens, and then we've been working in this area, we had an inventory of the known dioxin sources in the United States and Canada. What we started with was a US EPA inventory and Environment Canada, it's EPA has one too, and we have had working relations with them, so we have in our computer system this inventory and Mexico did not have an inventory, and so we undertook to make at least an initial one down there with some help from the government, and we ended up with a list of 44,019 sources in Canada, the United States and Mexico that were known by either the United States EPA, the Environment Canada or work that we ourselves had done to be emitters of dioxin into the hair. So the issue was, what's the connection between those 44,000 sources and the dioxins coming down at these ecologically important receptors. Why are they ecologically important? Because they're entry points into the human food chain, the Inuit eat caribou, they eat seal and so on, we'll get back to that too. So that was our problem, and actually we have been working on that problem since 1993, and we had already been in touch with NOAA, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Agency, which has a computer model that has in it very detailed weather, now for the entire globe, and that's recent, luckily when we started the Nunavut thing we turned around and realized that the models we had didn't go down to New Mexico but they came up, the fourth model now is global, and so they know, on a grid about 80 kilometers all over the world, what the weather is from reports and interpolations of at six levels up to a rather high altitude with hourly data actually, and that has been, you might say, well why did they develop it? The answer is very simple, it was developed in order to deal with warning people about nuclear accidents, you know, like Chernobyl, in fact was used on Chernobyl. If there's a nuclear accident, you very quickly want to tell people down wind, who's going to be affected, in other words, you wanna be able to say a puff of radioactivity coming out from a damaged nuclear power plant right here is going to go mostly there and there and not here, and how fast it'll get there, and these are not straight lines, If you plot what the model does, you can see winds blowing this way at one time and another way another time, and the traveling is quite zigzag. At any rate, we learned about that and working very closely with them, Mark Kohn, who was on our staff at the time, and did such a terrific job applying this model to dioxin, that he's now been hired by NOAA, but that's all right, he trained some people that he left behind. In any rate, what that meant was that we could put into the model algebra, algorithms that told us, what a molecule of dioxin was doing once it left the source from time to time, how it diffused, how it interacted with dust particles, because when it's attached to a dust particle, it will behave differently, how it interacted with other pollutants, which may destroy the dioxin, how much comes down near the source, a little further from the source, and you need to know that because if you're looking at something far away, you need to know how much was lost, on the way, and so the model does all of that, in other words, what it does very simply is this, if we know how much dioxin is put into the air over a year let's say, at a particular latitude and longitude, the model will estimate how much will come down anywhere else. You can have it in Timbuktu, wherever, and we can do that with, we use ordinary PC computers about a bank of six of them, you can do that with 44,000 sources, and so what we were doing was tracing puffs, if you like, of dioxin from 44,000 sources to each of eight sites, where there were two receptors, one marine and one terrestrial, and doing that hour by hour for an entire year, 1996, mid-1960 to '97, and the end result was that we could rank those sources with respect to how much they were responsible for what was coming down at the different receptors, and a lot of interesting data, for example, the Northernmost site, see most of the sources turn out to be in the Eastern US, so the Northernmost site gets 1/10 of what the Southernmost site was, and there were about 1500 kilometers apart, so the ones closer to Eastern United States get more, and we worked that out but most important was, we could wrap the sources with respect to how much they were responsible, and so for example, and it varied from one receptor to another, one receptor, Coral Harbor, which is right on an Island in the middle of Hudson Bay, we simply took as a standard, now how many sources was responsible for putting down 1/3 of the total deposition? At Coral Harbor, it was 19 out of 44,000 sources. At Ikaluktutiak, which was way out West, it was 39, so between 19 and 39 sources were responsible for 1/3. If you wanna know how much was responsible for 1/2, the number goes up to a couple of hundred, but what this told us right away was you could learn a lot and do a lot by ranking the sources in that way, and the Inuit were very happy to know that because they were interested in knowing who can they talk to about this, so that's really what we were doing, and as it turned out, we looked at the top 10 sources and lo, Ames was there. Now, as I say, the problem with Ames was that it has never had a modern analysis with respect to dioxin, It was done once in 1981 at a time when the analytical methods weren't really developed. The analyses are so difficult that in 1981, I think the only other laboratory besides the Ames laboratory was Midwest Research Institute, and that is now very experienced, and is now authorized by EPA. I think there are no more than two or three authorized laboratories. At any rate, we can talk about that, I'm sure some of you will have questions but I wanna go on to get to the reason for being concerned about this, what's the health problem, what's it about? Well, this has been looked at very thorough, dioxin is now probably the most intensely analyzed research pollutant that we know of, largely because a public concern over the dioxin and Agent Orange, that dioxin that affected the people in Vietnam when the Agent Orange was used there affected the veterans, and a lot is known and EPA, since 1985, has been steadily trying to analyze what the literature says, and has put out repeated assessments, reassessments of the dioxin problems, and the reason why it's been done is that every time they put out an assessment, there was controversy, that is, the petrochemical industry that was producing, for example, Agent Orange that was contaminated with dioxin, obviously, they were concerned, and a lot of controversy was generated simply by people objecting to the kind of results that were coming out, and one of the curious things is that they've now been basically four reassessments, and each new reassessment was the result of pressure from people who felt that EPA was exaggerating the health effects, that's why they were assessed once again, and each time the next assessment came up convincingly, showing that the problem was worse than they thought, and to go to the last two reassessments let me give you the picture. The latest reassessment was made public in draft form in June of this year, and the previous one was in 1994. Now in 1994, I'll give you the end result, so to speak, see it was known from animal studies that dioxin is a powerful carcinogenic agent, very powerful, I'll give you some sense of it soon, and the question was, how does it affect people? You can't do experiments with people and you have to worry about looking for epidemiological data, they've been accidents, the veterans were exposed to dioxin and you can do some assessments there. At any rate, what in 1994 was learned, was first, that dioxin at that point was regarded as a certain animal carcinogen, and a probable human carcinogen. Dioxin incidentally is a group of, well a couple of hundred related compounds, 17 of which are toxic at various degrees, and the toxicity is measured against one group which is the most toxic, so there's a way of assessing how this group of 17 important dioxins and dioxin and is a misnomer really, they really include dioxins proper and furans, which are very closely related and certain PCBs act the same way at any rate, and in 1994, it was concluded from measurements of dioxin in people's bodies, samples of body fat were analyzed, and by analyzing the diet, what people ate, for dioxin. It was concluded that on the average, the US population ate, took into their bodies, in food, about 120 billionths of a gram of dioxin per day. Now, I can tell you 120 billionths of a gram is invisible. We once worked with something like that in the lab, and it's not there, you don't know what you are seeing, in any rate, that's a very small amount and the taking into account, of the probable carcinogenicity to people, and what was known about animals, it was concluded that the one biological hazard that was understood, carcinogenicity, represented that amount of intake in the diet represented a risk over a person's lifetime of acquiring cancer, any kind of cancer over a lifetime, a risk of between 500 in a million, and I'll explain why we're doing it that way, 500 in a million and a thousand in a million. Now, the reason why it's done that way is that EPA has been using a so-called quote, or acceptable risk of cancer in evaluating toxic effects of one in a million so for example when an environmental impact statement is done in an incinerator, let's say that's emitting dioxin, the big argument is the effect one in a million, or more or less. So 1994, we were talking about the general US population running a risk of 500 to a thousand times higher than the acceptable risk, and where did it come from? Came from animal fat, 2/3 of the exposure was due to milk, milk fat, dairy products fat, and beef, the fat in beef, the rest from other smaller animals and fish. In other words, 95% of the exposure is by what you eat, diet, why? Dioxin is very soluble in fat, it accumulates in fat, so that larger animals get more dioxin because they're older. In other words, chickens have less time to get contaminated than cows, and we know in 1994, that's what we knew, and the EPA set up as a hypothesis in their report, that the way this happened was that it was emitted into the air, spread around through the air, came down on farms, got into the pasture, corn, eaten by animals, gets into milk, cheese, beef and into our diet, that was a hypothesis. And, I was going to say, I was happy to see it, in a way I was, but it's a silly thing to be happy about because in 1993, we decided to investigate this by using the model, and the first thing we did was to try it out by following dioxin, from the sources into the great lakes, but then a few years ago, we actually traced dioxin from all the sources in the United States and Canada to four farms, dairy farms in Wisconsin, and four dairy farms in Vermont, and in that study, we actually measured the amount of dioxin in the air at the farms, we measured how much was in the pasture, how much was in the mixed feed that was used by some farms, how much was in the milk, and tracked it all the way, and we used our model to compare what the model said was in the air, with what was in the air, and got pretty good agreement and more important, we could then make a list of the incinerators and other places that were feeding the dioxin into the milk in Wisconsin to two sites in Wisconsin, where we actually measured it, and I have to tell you, one of those sites in Southeast Wisconsin, we looked at which sources were responsible, in this case for 60% of the dioxin that was coming down on the farm, and the Ames incinerator is one. Why should you be surprised? Don't you suppose the dioxin fell to the ground between Ames and Nunavut? And a lot of it more comes down in Wisconsin, then comes down to Nunavut, 'cause it's closer, it gets thinned out as it goes out. Now, what's the name of the dairy company?\r\n\r\n- Anderson Erickson.\r\n\r\n- Anderson,\r\n\r\n- Erickson.\r\n\r\n- Anderson Erickson, that's where you buy your milk, and I tried to find out where the dairies that produce it are, and I imagine some of it comes from Wisconsin, anyway, you think you're badly off, let me tell you about New York. New York City is dioxin-free, It's a dioxin-free zone. We, for the last 20 years have been fighting incinerators and there are no more, there isn't a municipal waste incinerator, there is no hospital waste incinerator in New York City, and our brilliant mayor decided the way to take care of trash was to ship it out, and so we're shipping a lot of it to Newark, New Jersey, where an incinerator is burning it, and I guarantee you it's contaminating the milk on the dairy farms in New Jersey, and half of our milk sold in New York city comes from farms in New Jersey. Now, as Jimmy Durante used to say, \"these are the conditions that prevail.\" This is now the fact that we have to live with, that agriculture, farmers, have been recruited as passive agents of transmitting dioxin from the sources into our bodies. That is exactly what has happened. It is not their fault, they're just doing what they do, you know, in Vermont, we looked at farms that were doing the old-fashioned thing, the cows were out in the open, eating grass and that's all they ate, these were very carefully managed, pasture forms, doing things, the old, good old way, and they had as much dioxin in them as the ones that were eating silage and so on. Oh, I should tell you something very important to know about, was a lucky thing, there is practically no dioxin in the grain of corn. That's a very, very important thing. See, you understand this has been going on now since the 1930s, and so this stuff has been going in the air and settling down all over the United States, and Canada, and the Arctic, and it's very stable, so a lot of it is in the soil, and in fact, anything that's been out in the open has been contaminated, not only by dioxin but a whole series of stable, organochlorine compounds, the result is when you burn wood, you produce dioxin, because whenever you burn organic matter that has chlorine in it, you will get dioxin because it's so very stable. Now, the soil is contaminated. Fortunately, most plants do not take dioxin up from the soil to their roots. The way it gets into the plant is through the stomata, the holes that take in carbon dioxide and it stays in the leaves. So corn silage, if it's just vegetation, it'll be low in dioxin. I mean, it'll be high in dioxin, the grain will be low, and the fortunate thing about it is that if we ever get around to cutting off the sources, the milk will clean up pretty fast, in fact, the only thing that'll keep it from cleaning up instantaneously, will be that the cows having been bred on dioxin-contaminated food, still have it in their fat and are secreting it, but once the cows have lived their time, and you will have dioxin-free cows.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115273#t=0.0,2805.576"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - AV204754_Aspects_of_International_Environmental_Problems_b.mp3"]},"duration":2576.184,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/115/274/small/lecture.png?1622064306","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/115/274/original/AV204754_Aspects_of_International_Environmental_Problems_b.mp3?1622064306","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":2576.184,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204754_Aspects_of_International_Environmental_Problems_b.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=6.39,7.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me get to, quickly, to 2000.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=7.88,11.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The year 2000.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=11.19,12.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the second reassessment that I'm talking about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=13.83,18.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll move a little quicker.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=24.24,25.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The second reassessment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=26.76,28.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the figures are different.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=28.75,30.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now EPA reports, instead of 120 billionths of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=30.69,35.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a gram per day in our diet, there is only 70.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=36.19,40.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because actions have been taken","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=41.89,44.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and sources have been more controlled and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=44.6,48.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we're getting less dioxin in our, in our 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1000,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=58.4,63.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the right lifetime risk is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=63.57,65.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1000 to 10,000.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=67.33,69.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tenfold higher, despite the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=70.8,73.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we're eating less dioxin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=74.87,78.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because some of the research was reevaluated,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=78.29,81.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it looks as though the problem is worse than it was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=81.43,86.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=86.11,86.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me show you what this means.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=89.219,92.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPA has now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=93.19,94.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it took them until 1999","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=96.11,99.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to promulgate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=100.57,102.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"controls over the main sources.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=102.05,104.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I should tell you incinerators,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=104.41,106.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of various kinds, are the main sources.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=106.18,108.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there are some others too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=108.91,110.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cement kilns that burn hazardous waste and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=110.37,114.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The EPA has now instituted regulations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=119.486,122.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They worked out what is the maximum","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=124.97,127.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"achievable control technology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=127.38,130.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you have to apply 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incinerator.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=137.88,140.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is something that I've talked with Bob Kindred","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=140.46,144.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about and it's very important to 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dioxin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=161.51,164.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the furnace is irrelevant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=164.45,166.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The way we now know that dioxin is literally synthesized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=167.63,172.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the cooler parts of the incinerator.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=174.51,177.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What happens is, you're burning something,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=179.1,183.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's got carbon in it, and there is some","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=183.18,187.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"residue of carbonaceous material that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=187.34,190.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gets out into","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=190.63,193.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the furnace gases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=194.73,197.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so does the chlorine, and it's now known,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=199.26,204.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that at a temperature about 300 to 400","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=204.09,207.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"degrees centigrade,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=207.05,208.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the chlorine attaches","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=210.26,212.714"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to various particles and forms dioxin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=212.714,216.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Put it this way, every time you turn on an incinerator,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=218.04,223.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the world has more dioxin in it than it had before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=223.2,226.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How do you control it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=228.2,229.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well you try to trap it after it's been made.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=229.75,232.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although, now that we know just where it's formed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=232.64,237.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the new control systems tried to regulate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=237.5,240.405"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this 300 to 400 degree temperature in such a way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=240.405,245.405"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by quickly cooling it so that you pass","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=246.11,249.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through that temperature so quickly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=249.35,251.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there's not much time to make the dioxin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=251.8,254.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, the point is this, when you hear, \"This is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=256.4,259.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such a good, hot furnace, it destroys dioxin\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=259.95,263.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's irrelevant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=263.98,264.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The question is, what does it make in the cooler parts?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=265.76,270.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the Ames incinerator has gotta be doing it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=270.32,275.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the way I know it is that Bob Kindred sent me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=275.24,278.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a big report done by an EPA laboratory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=278.71,282.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 1978.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=283.6,285.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=285.7,286.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it's '78.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=286.65,287.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they have a list.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=288.62,289.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They didn't measure for dioxin but they have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=290.83,293.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a list of organic chlorine compounds that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=293.44,297.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they had detected","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=297.59,299.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including furan,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=299.24,302.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=303.29,305.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"chlorinated molecule","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=306.71,308.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without the chlorine on it yet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=308.66,310.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, the dibenzo chlorinated furan,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=312.12,317.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they didn't detect.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=318.18,319.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They weren't looking for it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=319.79,321.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they found this one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=321.117,322.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, it's absolutely clear that, in 1978 anyway,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=322.56,327.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Ames incinerator was generating organic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=329.46,334.251"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"chlorinated organic material, much of which","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=334.251,338.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was far less stable than dioxin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=338.31,340.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there had to be dioxin there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=342.3,345.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, anyway, that's where we're at.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=345.63,350.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what EPA has done is to promulgate a control strategy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=350.27,355.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now what else could you do?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=357.94,359.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You can't put an umbrella over Nunavut","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=360.43,363.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or over the farm in Wisconsin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=363.27,365.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there is really only two things you can do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=366.95,369.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You can try to do something on the source","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=370.33,374.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or, and EPA is considering this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=376.69,381.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as another strategy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=381.41,382.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was told by one of the policy people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=383.909,386.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they have a dual strategy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=386.28,388.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One is to put controls on the incinerator","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=388.15,391.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the other is to get people to eat less animal fat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=391.41,394.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And my answer to that is, \"Good luck.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=397.509,399.409"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because the government has been trying to get","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=400.78,404.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people to eat less animal fat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=404.89,406.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the latest figures I've seen show","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=408.3,412.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're eating more animal fat than we were 10 years ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=412.36,415.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And besides, it really can't be done,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=416.63,419.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for example, with children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=419.61,421.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Every pediatrician will tell you that a child","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=421.48,424.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up to the age of two must have animal fat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=424.41,428.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"either in the form of mother's milk or cow's milk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=428.64,432.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or sheep's milk for nutritional reasons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=432.38,436.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the other thing about it is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=438.36,440.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there have been diets set up by various","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=440.23,443.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doctors who make a living at this, I guess,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=443.67,447.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know, and some of them really","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=447.77,450.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"restrict animal fat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=450.0,451.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I've looked into that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=452.73,454.367"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it turns out that some people are able to swing it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=454.367,458.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they are all in support groups.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=460.04,462.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, you know, we're talking about the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=464.84,467.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"general population now, we'll all have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=467.44,469.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be in Dioxin Anonymous.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=469.563,471.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, and what's more,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=473.91,476.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is a, I think, an insupportable idea.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=477.96,481.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, there's much more to food than just eating,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=482.68,487.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=487.13,487.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Think about your own relation to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=487.963,491.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"eating it, cooking it, people who grow it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=492.8,497.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's a sense of some cultural, personal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=498.92,503.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"relationship to it and you see it intensely among the Inuit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=503.13,507.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Inuit eat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=509.78,511.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an awful lot of animal fat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=512.77,515.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they chew on blubber.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=516.46,517.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, in fact, the nutritionists in Canada say","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=519.42,523.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that their physiology is adapted to this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=523.03,528.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know much more about it except what they say.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=528.92,532.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But anyway, I've learned a little bit about the Inuit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=532.03,537.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Their entire culture is based on how","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=537.37,541.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they secure, prepare","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=541.4,544.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and share food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=544.85,546.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the singular of \"Inuit\" is \"Inuuk\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=547.58,551.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there's a saying, \"I am Inuuk because I eat Inuuk food.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=551.43,555.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the idea of imposing this kind of constraint on them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=556.97,561.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is horrifying culturally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=563.17,565.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's also horrifying economically.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=565.6,567.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I learned from one of my Inuit friends the other day,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=567.78,571.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"she said","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=571.77,572.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it costs three times more to eat store food in Nunavut","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=574.09,578.937"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than to eat hunted food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=580.57,582.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what we've got here is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=583.42,586.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an option,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=589.66,590.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is blaming the victim and telling","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=590.91,594.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the victim, \"Change your diet.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=594.04,597.347"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then the other way is, what the EPA","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=599.16,601.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is doing is, these controls.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=601.77,604.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now let me tell you something, the maximum","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=604.51,607.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"achievable control technology they expect,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=607.66,611.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over the next five years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=612.95,614.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will reduce the emissions from municipal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=614.77,619.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"waste incinerators by 98%.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=619.38,622.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"98%.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=624.06,626.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=626.29,627.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But remember, we're at 10,000 times","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=627.85,631.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"above the acceptable level.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=631.95,633.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, What is 2% that will be left?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=635.27,639.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=639.61,640.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What is 2% of 10,000?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=640.66,642.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"200.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=642.76,643.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, what EPA says, if everybody does the right thing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=644.85,649.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that we will bring it down by 98%.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=650.38,654.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that'll mean we're only at a risk of 200 per million,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=656.614,660.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which I think is unacceptable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=661.72,663.443"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me put it to you this way, what would","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=664.4,666.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it take to come down to one per million,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=666.04,668.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"knowing where we're at now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=668.76,670.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"99.9% of the dioxin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=670.86,675.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would have to be prevented","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=675.3,677.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from getting into the air.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=677.49,679.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In effect that's zero.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=680.72,682.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's zero.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=683.673,684.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you have to ask yourself, is there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=684.92,687.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an easier way to get to zero?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=687.08,689.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Like shutting down the incinerator?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=690.36,692.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=693.6,694.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, you have to ask yourself, \"So","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=695.6,697.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what's the problem there?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=699.03,700.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why do we have to have an incinerator?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=700.66,702.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We faced that a few years ago when we","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=702.94,705.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"studied situation in the Great Lakes states.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=705.6,709.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm getting there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=709.15,710.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we spent an entire year, after we'd worked","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=712.76,716.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out where the stuff was coming from,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=716.35,718.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"asking what would it cost to close down","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=718.85,722.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the municipal waste incinerators","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=722.98,725.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the seven states around the Great Lakes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=725.36,728.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Taking into account","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=729.56,730.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the bond cost which","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=735.679,736.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that'd have to be paid off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=736.68,740.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Taking into account, because most of them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=740.59,742.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like Ames, were producing electricity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=742.9,745.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"taking into account the loss in the electricity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=745.85,749.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Taking into account what you would do instead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=751.31,754.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what we proposed was what we","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=754.76,756.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"call \"intensive recycling.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=756.55,758.957"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Recycling.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=760.44,761.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Everything that can be recycled, which means","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=762.4,765.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about 80% of the trash can be recycled or composted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=765.0,770.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We worked that all out for all the communities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=771.93,775.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think the incinerators were burning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=775.31,777.688"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"11,000,000 tons of trash a year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=777.688,781.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we said, okay, we're going to set up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=781.99,784.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an intensive recycling system, costed the whole thing out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=784.36,787.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including the loss of the electricity, and it turned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=788.61,792.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out that those communities would save","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=792.69,795.567"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"$500,000,000 dollars a year, collectively,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=795.567,798.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in their trash disposal costs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=798.75,801.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, it costs money to dispose of trash.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=801.58,804.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, it makes sense economically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=804.6,807.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and right now I can tell you that trash","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=807.62,810.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"burning incinerators are the most expensive way there is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=810.54,814.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to dispose of trash.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=817.066,819.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they produce dioxin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=819.48,821.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=823.86,824.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's where the Ames-Nunavut story brings us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=826.6,831.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Clearly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=834.98,835.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the thing that looms before you is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=838.28,841.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you look at all the alternatives and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=841.29,844.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the only answer you can come to is zero.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=844.34,848.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Zero dioxin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=848.38,849.597"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the obvious sensible way to do it is to close","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=850.52,854.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"down the incinerator and find a dioxin-free","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=854.56,858.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"way of doing what you were doing in the incinerator.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=858.1,862.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can you do that with cement kilns that burn hazardous waste?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=862.49,867.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=867.02,868.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They didn't used to burn hazardous waste,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=868.31,870.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they burned coal or natural gas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=870.8,875.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It can be done.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=875.55,876.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we work that through and it might change","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=876.96,881.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the price of cement, increasing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=881.51,884.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they make money getting rid of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=884.69,886.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a hazardous waste and producing dioxin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=886.93,889.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It might reduce the price of cement,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=891.44,894.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something like a few percent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=895.87,897.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, increasing a few percent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=899.44,902.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hospital waste incinerators.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=902.94,905.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, what do they do in New York now they","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=905.28,907.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"closed down about 30 incinerators?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=907.01,910.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They autoclave.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=910.11,911.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Actual hospital waste is minimal but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=912.63,915.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everything else gets thrown into it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=915.15,916.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They autoclave it and then it goes in a landfill.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=919.4,922.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's perfectly inert, it's been sterilized.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=922.43,925.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is now the acceptable way and,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=926.21,929.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fortunately, most of the hospitals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=929.82,931.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are moving in that direction now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=931.86,934.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Incidentally, I have to tell you most of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=935.51,938.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the hospital waste incinerators are in the Midwest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=940.96,943.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know why it is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=943.91,945.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are very few in some eastern states,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=945.82,950.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and some western states,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=950.32,951.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Midwest is loaded with hospital waste incinerators","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=951.87,956.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and also the municipal waste incinerators.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=956.01,960.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, there are ways of doing 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it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=976.87,980.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To prevent it's happening in the first place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=981.87,985.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it turns out that this is 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worked,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=993.36,997.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where we did prevent it:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=997.68,999.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=999.16,1000.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lead in gasoline was a very serious health problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1000.52,1004.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's all been worked out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1004.51,1007.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's the lead in the blood of kids where","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1009.2,1012.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's been measured for a long time has gone way down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1012.31,1015.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The amount of lead admitted into the air","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1015.76,1018.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now has gone down about 95% since 1970.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1018.07,1023.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How was it done?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1023.08,1023.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, how did it happen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1025.71,1027.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The way it was happening was,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1027.83,1029.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we had lead in the gasoline for the antiknock stuff,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1031.03,1036.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and lead is not combustible,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1036.17,1039.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"goes right out the exhaust.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1039.35,1041.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that what was happening was, as you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1041.51,1043.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"drive down the street, you were putting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1043.94,1046.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lead into the environment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1046.35,1047.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there are certain laws of ecology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1049.49,1053.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I'm partly responsible for,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1053.39,1055.819"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the fifth one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1055.819,1057.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you don't put something into","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1059.15,1060.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the environment, it's not there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1060.65,1062.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When we stopped putting lead into the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1064.67,1067.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"environment, it was gone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1067.11,1068.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Same way with DDT.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1069.97,1070.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"DDT was banned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1070.87,1072.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's very little DDT in the 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eliminate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1083.69,1086.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the production of the pollutant, you can do it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1086.75,1089.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You can go to zero.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1090.69,1092.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's what we have to do in all our major","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1092.5,1096.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"systems of 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farming.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1101.34,1102.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I should tell you, 25 years ago, I think,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1106.748,1109.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we did a study comparing conventional 500 acre farms,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1109.5,1114.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"organic and conventional,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1114.5,1118.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through the Midwest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1118.83,1119.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think one or two were in Iowa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1119.81,1122.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It took us months to find the organic 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chemicals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1145.73,1149.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, there is a way of growing food","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1149.29,1153.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without generating all this stuff.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1153.81,1156.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of the things I want to tell you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1156.47,1158.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that one of the studies we did was with Atrazine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1158.24,1162.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know about Atrazine, of course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1162.06,1164.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atrazine in your water supplies in Iowa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1164.99,1168.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have been known to be correlated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1168.16,1170.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with birth defects in humans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1170.71,1172.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I can tell you one of the things we found,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1174.05,1176.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Atrazine doesn't travel as far as dioxin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1176.83,1179.747"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it travels as far as Leech Lake, Minnesota,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1179.747,1184.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where a lot of Iowans like to fish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1184.21,1186.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, you're now putting some of your Atrazine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1187.72,1191.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in your favorite fishing grounds up there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1191.75,1194.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's another problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1195.285,1197.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, are there ways of growing food without organic?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1198.26,1201.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1201.94,1202.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I well remember being raised on organic food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1202.86,1207.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nothing special about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1209.05,1210.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When I was a teenager in the 20s and 30s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1212.3,1216.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1920s, 1930s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1216.37,1218.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I ate organic food because everybody ate organic food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1219.64,1223.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nobody was putting all that stuff on it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1223.5,1226.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It works, it can be done.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1226.27,1228.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, that's agriculture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1228.27,1230.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Electricity, well there is a pollutant free source of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1230.41,1234.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"electricity that you carry around on your calculators,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1234.87,1238.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the photovoltaic cell,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1238.91,1240.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that turns light directly into electricity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1240.88,1245.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can we do something about it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1246.84,1248.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1248.54,1249.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It works, only it's expensive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1249.98,1252.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Study was done a long time ago under Carter","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1253.23,1257.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to show that, if the government bought","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1257.25,1260.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"enough photovoltaic cells to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1260.63,1263.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"use for its own","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1264.98,1265.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"purposes, it would bring the price down very quickly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1265.813,1269.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we did a repeat on that a few years ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1269.68,1274.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and showed that if the government spent several","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1275.05,1278.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"billion dollars buying photovoltaic cells for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1278.76,1282.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"its own uses the price would come down over","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1282.14,1285.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the course of seven or eight years, to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1285.67,1288.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the point where it would compete with utility electricity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1288.9,1293.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At which point it would take over.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1295.42,1297.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, and incidentally, that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1299.42,1301.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could be done by a stroke of the pen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1301.87,1303.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Something for Mr Clinton to do as he leaves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1305.07,1308.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because all he has to do is order","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1309.29,1312.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the departments, it's an executive order,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1312.17,1314.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the departments, \"You buy photovoltaic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1314.63,1318.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cells for the following uses.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1318.09,1320.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that would create a $10 billion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1320.26,1322.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a year industry, selling at a low price.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1322.74,1325.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why do I say all this?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1325.65,1327.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because, and it's last thing I'm gonna say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1327.45,1329.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is all connected with the global problems,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1331.34,1335.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like global warming,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1335.44,1336.443"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which we are","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1339.67,1341.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at loggerheads with developing countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1341.27,1343.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All these treaties, the POPs treaty,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1344.72,1346.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the global warming treaty, the developing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1348.533,1352.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"countries are saying, \"Look, you got all the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1352.67,1356.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"benefits from this stuff. Now we want to do it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1356.26,1358.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you can't expect us to take on the financial","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1361.232,1366.232"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"burden of doing these expensive things.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1366.34,1369.137"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, the POPs treaty","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1370.32,1374.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has a 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could","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1404.12,1404.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"show the way and develop,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1406.13,1410.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the case of electricity, photovoltaic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1410.33,1414.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cells that are cheap enough to be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1414.74,1417.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bought by developing countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1417.21,1419.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We'd have an expanding market and they","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1420.44,1423.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are perfectly suited to do this because","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1423.65,1426.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you don't need an electric grid with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1426.84,1429.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"photovoltaic systems, they can all be local.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1429.11,1432.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there are many developing countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1432.39,1434.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where there are no grids, so you don't have to build 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Nunavut,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1445.91,1448.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the relationship between what happens in a very local","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1449.95,1453.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"place with a local plant and somewhere at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1453.94,1457.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a distance has to teach us, I think,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1457.62,1461.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we've got to take the step","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1461.48,1464.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"toward fundamentally solving these problems by","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1466.1,1469.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"creating national policies that say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1469.74,1474.317"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"We will produce the goods that we need in ways","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1474.317,1478.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are required for the health of the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1478.89,1481.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"environment and the people who live in it.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1481.61,1485.198"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1485.198,1486.697"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(crowd applauding)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1486.697,1489.614"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm told you don't have to go home till 10 o'clock.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1493.9,1497.165"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is that right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1497.165,1498.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, are there any questions you've got?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1498.56,1502.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1502.22,1503.497"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Dr. Commoner,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1503.497,1504.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you talked about a lot of kinds of problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1507.217,1509.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where there may be great distances between the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1509.55,1511.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"person causing the problem and the person affected.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1511.93,1515.577"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'm wondering what sorts of general 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distances,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1521.28,1526.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ideological distances, spacial distances,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1528.35,1531.327"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cultural distances may be very great between the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1532.356,1534.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"person affected and the person benefiting from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1534.673,1537.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the creation of the problem?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1537.38,1538.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, obviously that's a good question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1538.64,1541.717"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's come up very sharply in the POPs treaty","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1545.0,1550.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'll tell you one of the problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1550.32,1552.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"UNEP, the United Nations Environmental Programme,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1552.5,1556.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that promulgated this treaty, I think,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1556.76,1560.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"made a serious mistake in their","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1560.54,1563.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"approach to developing countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1563.03,1565.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They said, \"You should do what we have done.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1565.6,1568.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do an inventory of all your 44,000 sources","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1570.1,1575.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and do tests and so on.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1577.6,1580.867"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it made no sense to them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1582.06,1586.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It also doesn't make sense objectively","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1586.45,1588.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'll tell you why.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1588.64,1590.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It turns out that if you look at the US or Germany,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1590.28,1595.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"any one of the countries has done a lot of work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1595.93,1598.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on dioxin inventories, sources and so on,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1598.89,1602.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there are a few types of sources that are","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1603.32,1608.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"responsible for the greatest part of the emissions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1608.26,1611.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the largest single category","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1612.95,1617.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the burning of trash.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1617.49,1620.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Household trash, whatever, what I call domestic trash.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1621.77,1626.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stuff that we have to get rid of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1626.98,1630.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1631.78,1632.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how do you do this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1635.324,1637.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Bangladesh?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1639.356,1640.189"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They don't have any incinerators.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1641.85,1643.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What happens is, and we've now done work in Mexico,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1644.6,1649.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we know exactly what happens.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1649.6,1651.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not exactly, but we know what happens there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1651.24,1654.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"According to the government, half of the trash","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1654.04,1658.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is collected and goes to sanitary landfills.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1658.02,1662.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's what they say.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1663.94,1665.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The other half is disposed of informally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1665.57,1668.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, what does that mean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1668.97,1670.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It means that you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1670.6,1674.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe take it to a dump.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1674.35,1678.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dump it in a ravine somewhere","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1678.26,1682.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or you dump it in your backyard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1682.1,1684.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Eventually, that stuff gets burned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1685.92,1688.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And sometimes it gets burned in a big","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1690.4,1692.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"steel drum made for the purpose.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1692.86,1695.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Studies have been done on the dioxin emissions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1697.25,1699.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from those, they're huge.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1699.82,1701.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are no controls.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1701.61,1702.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there's an awful lot of plastic,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1704.0,1706.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is a source of chlorine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1706.52,1709.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, what is happening in the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1709.05,1711.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"developing country is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1711.53,1714.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very simple.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1715.59,1716.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You've got to do something about the trash disposal problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1717.52,1720.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It isn't a question of, in other words,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1722.24,1726.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I've had a friend of mine in Mali,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1726.72,1729.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wrote me and said the farmers are burning,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1730.38,1734.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know a lot of plastic is used on the farm now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1734.63,1737.607"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, for rolling hay, mulch and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1737.607,1742.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's been done in a lot of places,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1742.02,1745.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it produces a lot of dioxin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1745.63,1747.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What you need to do is to,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1748.85,1753.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just tackling that one problem of a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1755.18,1758.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"proper disposal of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1758.95,1761.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"domestic trash.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1762.75,1764.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what's the proper way?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1764.33,1766.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To separate out what you can recycle: glass,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1766.06,1769.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"metal, most of the plastic is not recyclable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1771.42,1774.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you have to attack that by stopping to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1775.87,1778.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"make all that plastic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1778.81,1780.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And composting the rest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1780.84,1782.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's intensive recycling.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1784.15,1786.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, that's an anthropological","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1786.28,1788.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"problem in developing countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1788.01,1790.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not a question of following what Germany does","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1790.41,1794.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or what the United States does.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1794.44,1796.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think, instead of analyzing our experience.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1796.64,1801.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You see, what you look at our data in the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1803.51,1807.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you see immediately that municipal waste","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1807.49,1811.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"incinerators, hospital waste incinerators","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1811.11,1813.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and backyard burning are responsible for 50% of the dioxin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1813.64,1818.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, the thing to do is just start with that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1821.44,1824.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the way to do it is to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1824.47,1827.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"talk to the people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1828.47,1829.819"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the developing country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1829.819,1831.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's deal with the trash problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1831.53,1833.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there will be ways that we haven't thought of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1835.01,1838.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But a lot of it has to do with scavenging.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1838.98,1842.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's one of the things that happens.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1844.62,1846.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course it all ends up with the question of poverty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1846.57,1851.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But that's another two hours.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1852.91,1854.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what I'm saying is, we've got to deal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1855.95,1860.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the problem indigenously.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1860.41,1863.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This problem developing in Nunavut because","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1864.89,1869.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're now importing stuff and they have trash.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1869.72,1873.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they've invented a teepee burner","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1873.74,1877.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is producing dioxin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1877.54,1879.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they'll be in trouble there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1879.29,1880.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1882.86,1883.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e If you could please.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1883.693,1884.829"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e As a former researcher...\nExcuse me, I'm just.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1884.829,1888.095"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e And computer modeler.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1888.095,1890.012"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As a former researcher and computer modeler,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1891.67,1894.017"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've been very curious","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1894.017,1895.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as to where you got the numbers for Ames","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1895.76,1898.639"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and if you could explain the model?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1898.639,1899.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1899.56,1900.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, that's from the inventory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1900.43,1902.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Could you repeat the question?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1904.733,1906.282"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, the question is where'd we get the number","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1906.282,1907.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the emissions for Ames.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1907.533,1910.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's good question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1910.38,1911.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's what you need to know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1912.495,1915.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Very few of the 44,000 sources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1915.58,1919.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"exceedingly few, have been measured.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1919.02,1921.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's true, it's very expensive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1922.58,1924.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But no more than a few percent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1924.49,1926.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, we have to try to do something.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1926.92,1930.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what do we do?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1930.62,1931.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What you do is you take the data from the measurements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1932.714,1935.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and work out what's called an \"emission factor.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1935.57,1937.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, you have an incinerator that's been studied.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1937.79,1940.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know how much comes out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1941.81,1943.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what the conditions are, what kind of control system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1944.38,1948.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it has and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1948.76,1950.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you know what the throughput is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1950.9,1953.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how much material is being burned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1953.45,1955.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you get a ratio of the throughput to the emissions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1957.14,1962.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's called the \"emission factor.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1962.84,1964.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's so expensive to do the tests anyway","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1966.295,1969.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that that factor, generally, what we start with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1969.69,1974.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a minimum and a maximum value that are an","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1974.18,1977.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"order of magnitude apart.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1977.24,1979.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, to make life livable, we worked with the midpoint.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1980.19,1984.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what we did was Ames is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1986.6,1989.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"EPA, we talked with EPA about the work they had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1992.62,1995.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"done on RDF burning plants.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=1995.64,1999.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"RDF is \"refuse derived fuel\" which is what Ames burns.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2000.68,2005.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's, most of it made about the same way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2006.65,2009.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they gave us emission factors, a series","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2011.51,2015.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of them before different types of facilities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2015.15,2020.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"different control systems and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2020.29,2022.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ames has a very old fashioned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2022.41,2024.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ESP, an electrostatic precipitator,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2027.504,2028.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so we chose a group of figures for ESP's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2032.141,2035.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and averaged it and took the range","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2037.42,2040.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the midpoint and applied it to Ames.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2040.18,2042.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2042.65,2043.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, the answer to, and I think","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2043.483,2046.355"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I said in the beginning, that's an estimate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2046.355,2049.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what it tells you, if you're Bob Kindred,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2051.08,2055.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the counsel, is maybe we better find out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2056.37,2061.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the way to do it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2062.0,2062.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, we wrote a little bit at the back of our report,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2062.95,2067.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thinking how the Inuit could use our data.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2068.78,2072.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what we said was, here are various ways","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2072.72,2077.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of approaching the sources, and perhaps the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2077.11,2080.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first thing to do is check it out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2080.11,2082.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or get measurements made.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2083.699,2085.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so that's what we did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2085.53,2088.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think that's what needs to be done.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2088.21,2091.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it'll be fine if it turns out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2091.97,2093.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where it's very low, that's great.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2093.98,2096.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then we'll change our inventory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2096.75,2098.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But don't forget to tell us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2098.83,2100.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Incidentally, a lot of this we do over the phone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2101.72,2105.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, as I told Bob, we called the Ames incinerator","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2105.58,2109.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as early as 1995","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2109.99,2112.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to find out whether","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2113.03,2115.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they were really operating because they","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2115.29,2117.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are not in the EPA inventory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2117.45,2119.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But that's nothing, The EPA inventory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2121.01,2123.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"missed the whole category of iron centering plants","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2123.2,2127.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which, in Europe, were one of the major factors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2127.21,2129.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We put it in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2129.59,2130.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2131.47,2132.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I've heard that electrostatic precipitators actually","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2133.83,2137.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can't create dioxin and I was wondering if","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2137.36,2139.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you could describe the science behind that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2139.2,2141.698"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, that's why, I was just, I said that before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2141.698,2145.018"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An electrostatic precipitator, it's got nothing to do,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2145.018,2149.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well no, it does have a little","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2149.72,2150.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do with the electrostatics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2150.84,2153.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It produces a fine ash,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2153.27,2156.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's called fly ash.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2157.37,2158.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Very fine particles of carbon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2158.78,2160.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of the earliest work in this whole business","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2161.84,2166.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was done laboratory experiments in which it was shown","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2166.04,2170.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that if you took fly ash","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2170.36,2172.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and added","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2174.27,2175.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gases from the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2177.13,2178.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"flue to it, you could synthesize dioxin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2178.64,2182.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so it turns out that an electrostatic precipitator","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2183.1,2187.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has, depending on the design of the furnace and all,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2187.67,2191.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has the right temperature zone that facilitates","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2191.76,2196.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the synthesis of dioxin generally on fly ash.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2196.81,2200.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then some of it comes down in the fly ash","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2201.8,2206.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and some of it, at that temperature,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2206.46,2208.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will vaporize and go out the stack.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2210.05,2212.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's, that's, but any other control 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beginning,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2226.65,2228.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when we first moved to New York from St. Louis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2229.79,2233.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Koch wanted to build eight huge incinerators","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2235.16,2239.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"making new york the dioxin capital of the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2239.16,2242.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so we started to look into it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2242.54,2245.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And right away we were told by the engineers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2245.41,2248.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the Department of Sanitation, it's no 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anything,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2256.32,2261.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including dioxin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2261.78,2263.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They weren't too smart.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2263.94,2265.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The same engineer went to a Hasidic community","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2266.4,2270.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Brooklyn and explained it that way too,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2270.15,2272.467"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"We have a very good German incinerator.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2272.467,2274.687"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anyway,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2276.9,2277.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the way we got into dealing with incinerators,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2280.454,2283.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't know anything about incinerators.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2283.91,2286.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We said, what we've got look into this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2287.049,2290.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we started to collect data on the relationship","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2290.1,2293.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between dioxin emissions and furnace temperature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2293.44,2297.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there was no relationship.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2297.17,2299.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we then went back into the early 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degrees","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2304.29,2309.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we published a report saying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2309.06,2313.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's really what should be thought 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Sanitation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2331.07,2335.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"appointed a committee of my peers, if there are any,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2335.33,2339.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"scientists to do a critique of our report and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2342.61,2346.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was so bad I got quite a few apologies after a while.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2347.63,2352.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the end of the story is that our theory,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2354.03,2357.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a year later, was tested by Environment Canada","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2357.81,2361.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in an incinerator in Prince Edward Island.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2361.15,2364.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They did exactly what needed to be done.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2364.28,2367.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They measured the amount of dioxin in the fuel,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2367.12,2370.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the furnace, after the furnace, in the control device,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2370.74,2375.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the stack and what they showed was,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2375.71,2378.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was practically no dioxin coming out of the furnace","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2378.65,2382.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But a lot of it at the base of the stack.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2382.95,2385.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was being synthesized.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2385.64,2387.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And now that is gospel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2387.5,2389.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But some people haven't picked it up yet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2391.44,2396.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2396.07,2396.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e We'll take this and maybe one more last question","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2396.903,2399.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then I'm sure Dr. Commoner would be happy to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2401.29,2403.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"answer any other questions over","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2403.18,2404.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the punch and cookies afterwards.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2404.81,2407.022"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thanks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2407.022,2407.855"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I was actually wondering what kind of health","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2407.855,2409.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"problems the Inuits would actually face","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2409.12,2411.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they had and then I also was wondering would","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2412.19,2415.031"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pasteurizing milk take care of the dioxins","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2415.031,2417.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that were found in milk?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2417.01,2418.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e No. I should tell you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2418.68,2420.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me answer the last part first.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2420.06,2421.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We measured dioxin in milk right out of the farm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2423.49,2428.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tank but EPA has, just about the same time, did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2428.85,2433.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a survey of pulled pasteurized milk from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2434.44,2439.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all over the country and got similar results.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2439.26,2442.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So pasteurization is, it's very stable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2443.59,2447.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's very stable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2447.19,2448.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, the question of the effect on health on the Inuit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2449.2,2452.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Much less has been done there than needs to be done.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2453.0,2457.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, obviously.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2457.01,2458.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are some wonderful research organizations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2459.01,2463.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Canada, lower Canada, that have been working","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2463.27,2466.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the Inuit and and some of them took","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2466.54,2471.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"milk samples, blood samples and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2471.45,2474.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And some epidemiological work has been done.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2474.61,2477.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Both on dioxin and PCBs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2477.88,2480.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what has been observed among the Inuit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2480.43,2484.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"aside from measurements, is lower birth rate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2484.93,2488.762"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"among the children born","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2488.762,2492.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Inuit mothers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2492.49,2495.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with high levels of dioxin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2495.0,2498.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And a higher occurrence of ear infections.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2498.04,2503.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's important because dioxin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2503.18,2505.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"does a lot more than cancer, it effects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2505.68,2508.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the immune system, it effects development","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2508.98,2513.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so it leads to birth defects and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2514.28,2517.742"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the immune system is really very sensitive to it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2517.742,2522.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there have been some European studies too,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2524.614,2527.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Sweden, showing that exposure to dioxin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2527.12,2531.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"leads to, particularly among children, leads","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2531.05,2535.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a higher level of infection.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2535.32,2538.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the most that's been observed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2538.32,2541.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"among the Inuit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2541.25,2542.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, you know, there's been very little medical study","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2543.58,2546.966"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there, very little.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2546.966,2548.549"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And besides, it's going to be impossible to do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2550.73,2553.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really big scale epidemiological work,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2553.55,2557.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there are too few people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2557.22,2558.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it isn't something that can just be worked out easily.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2560.97,2565.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2567.584,2568.638"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(crowd applauding)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=2568.638,2571.555"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26784/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/026/784/original/AV204754_Aspects_of_International_Environmental_Problems_b.vtt?1622064308","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/026/784/original/AV204754_Aspects_of_International_Environmental_Problems_b.vtt?1622064308"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26785","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204754_Aspects_of_International_Environmental_Problems_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274/transcript/26785/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Oh, now. Let me get to, quickly, to 2000. The year 2000. In the second reassessment that I'm talking about. I'll move a little quicker. The second reassessment, the figures are different. Now EPA reports, instead of 120 billionths of a gram per day in our diet, there is only 70. Because actions have been taken and sources have been more controlled and so on. So we're getting less dioxin in our, in our diet. But the consequences of that now, instead of having a lifetime risk of 500 to 1000, the right lifetime risk is 1000 to 10,000. Tenfold higher, despite the fact that we're eating less dioxin. Because some of the research was reevaluated, and it looks as though the problem is worse than it was. Now, Let me show you what this means. EPA has now, it took them until 1999 to promulgate controls over the main sources. I should tell you incinerators, of various kinds, are the main sources. And there are some others too. Cement kilns that burn hazardous waste and so on. The EPA has now instituted regulations. They worked out what is the maximum achievable control technology. And you have to apply it. Now, what we know, we know a good deal about what happens in an incinerator. And this is something that I've talked with Bob Kindred about and it's very important to understand. Dioxin is not in the trash. Maybe a little bit but, unless someone is putting something odd into the trash, it's not there. And the question of destroying dioxin in the furnace is irrelevant. The way we now know that dioxin is literally synthesized in the cooler parts of the incinerator. What happens is, you're burning something, it's got carbon in it, and there is some residue of carbonaceous material that gets out into the furnace gases. And so does the chlorine, and it's now known, that at a temperature about 300 to 400 degrees centigrade, the chlorine attaches to various particles and forms dioxin. Put it this way, every time you turn on an incinerator, the world has more dioxin in it than it had before. How do you control it? Well you try to trap it after it's been made. Although, now that we know just where it's formed, the new control systems tried to regulate this 300 to 400 degree temperature in such a way, by quickly cooling it so that you pass through that temperature so quickly that there's not much time to make the dioxin. So, the point is this, when you hear, \"This is such a good, hot furnace, it destroys dioxin\". That's irrelevant. The question is, what does it make in the cooler parts? And the Ames incinerator has gotta be doing it, the way I know it is that Bob Kindred sent me a big report done by an EPA laboratory in 1978. Right? I think it's '78. And they have a list. They didn't measure for dioxin but they have a list of organic chlorine compounds that they had detected including furan, which is the chlorinated molecule without the chlorine on it yet. In other words, the dibenzo chlorinated furan, they didn't detect. They weren't looking for it but they found this one. In other words, it's absolutely clear that, in 1978 anyway, the Ames incinerator was generating organic chlorinated organic material, much of which was far less stable than dioxin. And there had to be dioxin there. Well, anyway, that's where we're at. And what EPA has done is to promulgate a control strategy. Now what else could you do? You can't put an umbrella over Nunavut or over the farm in Wisconsin. So there is really only two things you can do. You can try to do something on the source or, and EPA is considering this as another strategy, I was told by one of the policy people they have a dual strategy. One is to put controls on the incinerator and the other is to get people to eat less animal fat. And my answer to that is, \"Good luck.\" Because the government has been trying to get people to eat less animal fat. And the latest figures I've seen show we're eating more animal fat than we were 10 years ago. And besides, it really can't be done, for example, with children. Every pediatrician will tell you that a child up to the age of two must have animal fat, either in the form of mother's milk or cow's milk or sheep's milk for nutritional reasons. And the other thing about it is, there have been diets set up by various doctors who make a living at this, I guess, you know, and some of them really restrict animal fat. And I've looked into that. And it turns out that some people are able to swing it, but they are all in support groups. So, you know, we're talking about the general population now, we'll all have to be in Dioxin Anonymous. In other words, and what's more, this is a, I think, an insupportable idea. You know, there's much more to food than just eating, all right. Think about your own relation to eating it, cooking it, people who grow it. There's a sense of some cultural, personal relationship to it and you see it intensely among the Inuit. The Inuit eat an awful lot of animal fat. And they chew on blubber. And, in fact, the nutritionists in Canada say that their physiology is adapted to this. I don't know much more about it except what they say. But anyway, I've learned a little bit about the Inuit. Their entire culture is based on how they secure, prepare and share food. And the singular of \"Inuit\" is \"Inuuk\". And there's a saying, \"I am Inuuk because I eat Inuuk food.\" And the idea of imposing this kind of constraint on them is horrifying culturally. It's also horrifying economically. I learned from one of my Inuit friends the other day, she said it costs three times more to eat store food in Nunavut than to eat hunted food. So what we've got here is an option, which is blaming the victim and telling the victim, \"Change your diet.\" Then the other way is, what the EPA is doing is, these controls. Now let me tell you something, the maximum achievable control technology they expect, over the next five years, will reduce the emissions from municipal waste incinerators by 98%. 98%. Okay. But remember, we're at 10,000 times above the acceptable level. Well, What is 2% that will be left? Right? What is 2% of 10,000? 200. So, what EPA says, if everybody does the right thing, is that we will bring it down by 98%. And that'll mean we're only at a risk of 200 per million, which I think is unacceptable. Let me put it to you this way, what would it take to come down to one per million, knowing where we're at now? 99.9% of the dioxin would have to be prevented from getting into the air. In effect that's zero. That's zero. So you have to ask yourself, is there an easier way to get to zero? Like shutting down the incinerator? There is. Well, you have to ask yourself, \"So what's the problem there?\" Why do we have to have an incinerator? We faced that a few years ago when we studied situation in the Great Lakes states. I'm getting there. And we spent an entire year, after we'd worked out where the stuff was coming from, asking what would it cost to close down all the municipal waste incinerators in the seven states around the Great Lakes. Taking into account the bond cost which that'd have to be paid off. Taking into account, because most of them, like Ames, were producing electricity, taking into account the loss in the electricity. Taking into account what you would do instead. And what we proposed was what we call \"intensive recycling.\" Recycling. Everything that can be recycled, which means about 80% of the trash can be recycled or composted. We worked that all out for all the communities. I think the incinerators were burning 11,000,000 tons of trash a year. And we said, okay, we're going to set up an intensive recycling system, costed the whole thing out including the loss of the electricity, and it turned out that those communities would save $500,000,000 dollars a year, collectively, in their trash disposal costs. You know, it costs money to dispose of trash. In other words, it makes sense economically and right now I can tell you that trash burning incinerators are the most expensive way there is to dispose of trash. And they produce dioxin. So, that's where the Ames-Nunavut story brings us. Clearly, the thing that looms before you is that you look at all the alternatives and the only answer you can come to is zero. Zero dioxin. And the obvious sensible way to do it is to close down the incinerator and find a dioxin-free way of doing what you were doing in the incinerator. Can you do that with cement kilns that burn hazardous waste? Yeah. They didn't used to burn hazardous waste, they burned coal or natural gas. It can be done. And we work that through and it might change the price of cement, increasing, because they make money getting rid of a hazardous waste and producing dioxin. It might reduce the price of cement, something like a few percent. I mean, increasing a few percent. Hospital waste incinerators. Well, what do they do in New York now they closed down about 30 incinerators? They autoclave. Actual hospital waste is minimal but everything else gets thrown into it. They autoclave it and then it goes in a landfill. So it's perfectly inert, it's been sterilized. And this is now the acceptable way and, fortunately, most of the hospitals are moving in that direction now. Incidentally, I have to tell you most of the hospital waste incinerators are in the Midwest. I don't know why it is. There are very few in some eastern states, and some western states, the Midwest is loaded with hospital waste incinerators and also the municipal waste incinerators. So, there are ways of doing it. Well, the last thing I want to do is just tie this up to the broader issue. What are we talking about here? What we're talking about is the idea that the only sensible way to deal with a pollution problem like this, is to prevent it. To prevent it's happening in the first place. And it turns out that this is absolutely true of a whole slew, of all, pollutants. Take, well, take an example that worked, where we did prevent it: Lead. Lead in gasoline was a very serious health problem. It's all been worked out. It's the lead in the blood of kids where it's been measured for a long time has gone way down. The amount of lead admitted into the air now has gone down about 95% since 1970. How was it done? Well, how did it happen? The way it was happening was, we had lead in the gasoline for the antiknock stuff, and lead is not combustible, goes right out the exhaust. So that what was happening was, as you drive down the street, you were putting lead into the environment. And there are certain laws of ecology that I'm partly responsible for, is the fifth one. If you don't put something into the environment, it's not there. When we stopped putting lead into the environment, it was gone. Same way with DDT. DDT was banned. There's very little DDT in the environment. In other words, where you change the technology of the production system to eliminate the production of the pollutant, you can do it. You can go to zero. And that's what we have to do in all our major systems of production. Agriculture, well the answer's simple: Organic farming. I should tell you, 25 years ago, I think, we did a study comparing conventional 500 acre farms, organic and conventional, through the Midwest. I think one or two were in Iowa. It took us months to find the organic farms. Now, we've got farmers' organizations all over the place. And, incidentally, what we found was that both farms made exactly, on the average over a five year period, the same amount of dollars per acre. There was a lower yield on the organic farms but they made it up by not buying all the chemicals. So, there is a way of growing food without generating all this stuff. One of the things I want to tell you is that one of the studies we did was with Atrazine. You know about Atrazine, of course. Atrazine in your water supplies in Iowa have been known to be correlated with birth defects in humans. And I can tell you one of the things we found, Atrazine doesn't travel as far as dioxin but it travels as far as Leech Lake, Minnesota, where a lot of Iowans like to fish. So, you're now putting some of your Atrazine in your favorite fishing grounds up there. And that's another problem. Well, are there ways of growing food without organic? Yeah. I well remember being raised on organic food. Nothing special about it. When I was a teenager in the 20s and 30s, 1920s, 1930s, I ate organic food because everybody ate organic food. Nobody was putting all that stuff on it. It works, it can be done. Well, that's agriculture. Electricity, well there is a pollutant free source of electricity that you carry around on your calculators, the photovoltaic cell, that turns light directly into electricity. Can we do something about it? Yeah. It works, only it's expensive. Study was done a long time ago under Carter to show that, if the government bought enough photovoltaic cells to use for its own purposes, it would bring the price down very quickly. And we did a repeat on that a few years ago and showed that if the government spent several billion dollars buying photovoltaic cells for its own uses the price would come down over the course of seven or eight years, to the point where it would compete with utility electricity. At which point it would take over. In other words, and incidentally, that could be done by a stroke of the pen. Something for Mr Clinton to do as he leaves. Because all he has to do is order the departments, it's an executive order, to the departments, \"You buy photovoltaic cells for the following uses.\" And that would create a $10 billion a year industry, selling at a low price. Why do I say all this? Because, and it's last thing I'm gonna say, this is all connected with the global problems, like global warming, in which we are at loggerheads with developing countries. All these treaties, the POPs treaty, the global warming treaty, the developing countries are saying, \"Look, you got all the benefits from this stuff. Now we want to do it. And you can't expect us to take on the financial burden of doing these expensive things.\" For example, the POPs treaty has a provision for doing something about dioxin and the developing countries said, \"You're out of your mind. Costs $1,000 to make one dioxin analysis. Where are we going to get the money to do that? Where are the laboratories?\" And they're right. And this is true, right down the line. And we have an opportunity here if, by the right executive orders, we could show the way and develop, in the case of electricity, photovoltaic cells that are cheap enough to be bought by developing countries. We'd have an expanding market and they are perfectly suited to do this because you don't need an electric grid with photovoltaic systems, they can all be local. And there are many developing countries where there are no grids, so you don't have to build them. The same way with electric vehicles. That can be done to. In other words, in some sense, the flap over Ames and Nunavut, the relationship between what happens in a very local place with a local plant and somewhere at a distance has to teach us, I think, that we've got to take the step toward fundamentally solving these problems by creating national policies that say, \"We will produce the goods that we need in ways that are required for the health of the environment and the people who live in it.\" Thank you. I'm told you don't have to go home till 10 o'clock. Is that right? So, are there any questions you've got? Yes.\r\n\r\n- Dr. Commoner, you talked about a lot of kinds of problems where there may be great distances between the person causing the problem and the person affected. And I'm wondering what sorts of general approaches you'd think might be effective in the solution of those kinds of global problems where the distances, ideological distances, spacial distances, cultural distances may be very great between the person affected and the person benefiting from the creation of the problem?\r\n\r\n- Yeah, obviously that's a good question. It's come up very sharply in the POPs treaty and I'll tell you one of the problems. UNEP, the United Nations Environmental Programme, that promulgated this treaty, I think, made a serious mistake in their approach to developing countries. They said, \"You should do what we have done. Do an inventory of all your 44,000 sources and do tests and so on.\" And it made no sense to them. It also doesn't make sense objectively and I'll tell you why. It turns out that if you look at the US or Germany, any one of the countries has done a lot of work on dioxin inventories, sources and so on, there are a few types of sources that are responsible for the greatest part of the emissions. And the largest single category is the burning of trash. Household trash, whatever, what I call domestic trash. Stuff that we have to get rid of. Now, how do you do this in Bangladesh? They don't have any incinerators. What happens is, and we've now done work in Mexico, we know exactly what happens. Not exactly, but we know what happens there. According to the government, half of the trash is collected and goes to sanitary landfills. That's what they say. The other half is disposed of informally. Now, what does that mean? It means that you maybe take it to a dump. Dump it in a ravine somewhere or you dump it in your backyard. Eventually, that stuff gets burned. And sometimes it gets burned in a big steel drum made for the purpose. Studies have been done on the dioxin emissions from those, they're huge. There are no controls. And there's an awful lot of plastic, which is a source of chlorine. And so, what is happening in the developing country is very simple. You've got to do something about the trash disposal problem. It isn't a question of, in other words, and I've had a friend of mine in Mali, wrote me and said the farmers are burning, you know a lot of plastic is used on the farm now. You know, for rolling hay, mulch and so on. And that's been done in a lot of places, and it produces a lot of dioxin. What you need to do is to, just tackling that one problem of a proper disposal of domestic trash. And what's the proper way? To separate out what you can recycle: glass, metal, most of the plastic is not recyclable. And you have to attack that by stopping to make all that plastic. And composting the rest. That's intensive recycling. Well, that's an anthropological problem in developing countries. It's not a question of following what Germany does or what the United States does. And I think, instead of analyzing our experience. You see, what you look at our data in the United States and you see immediately that municipal waste incinerators, hospital waste incinerators and backyard burning are responsible for 50% of the dioxin. Well, the thing to do is just start with that. And the way to do it is to talk to the people in the developing country. Let's deal with the trash problem. And there will be ways that we haven't thought of. But a lot of it has to do with scavenging. It's one of the things that happens. And of course it all ends up with the question of poverty. But that's another two hours. But what I'm saying is, we've got to deal with the problem indigenously. This problem developing in Nunavut because they're now importing stuff and they have trash. And they've invented a teepee burner which is producing dioxin and they'll be in trouble there. Yeah.\r\n\r\n- If you could please.\r\n\r\n- As a former researcher...\r\n\r\n- Excuse me, I'm just.\r\n\r\n- And computer modeler. As a former researcher and computer modeler, I've been very curious as to where you got the numbers for Ames and if you could explain the model?\r\n\r\n- Oh. Well, that's from the inventory.\r\n\r\n- Could you repeat the question?\r\n\r\n- Yeah, the question is where'd we get the number for the emissions for Ames. That's good question. Here's what you need to know. Very few of the 44,000 sources, exceedingly few, have been measured. It's true, it's very expensive. But no more than a few percent. So, we have to try to do something. So what do we do? What you do is you take the data from the measurements and work out what's called an \"emission factor.\" So, you have an incinerator that's been studied. You know how much comes out and what the conditions are, what kind of control system it has and so on. And you know what the throughput is, how much material is being burned. And you get a ratio of the throughput to the emissions. And that's called the \"emission factor.\" And it's so expensive to do the tests anyway that that factor, generally, what we start with is a minimum and a maximum value that are an order of magnitude apart. And, to make life livable, we worked with the midpoint. So what we did was Ames is EPA, we talked with EPA about the work they had done on RDF burning plants. RDF is \"refuse derived fuel\" which is what Ames burns. And it's, most of it made about the same way. And they gave us emission factors, a series of them before different types of facilities, different control systems and so on. Ames has a very old fashioned ESP, an electrostatic precipitator, and so we chose a group of figures for ESP's and averaged it and took the range and the midpoint and applied it to Ames. That's it. Now, the answer to, and I think I said in the beginning, that's an estimate. And what it tells you, if you're Bob Kindred, or the counsel, is maybe we better find out. That's the way to do it. In fact, we wrote a little bit at the back of our report, thinking how the Inuit could use our data. And what we said was, here are various ways of approaching the sources, and perhaps the first thing to do is check it out, or get measurements made. And so that's what we did. And I think that's what needs to be done. And it'll be fine if it turns out, where it's very low, that's great. Then we'll change our inventory. But don't forget to tell us. Incidentally, a lot of this we do over the phone. And, as I told Bob, we called the Ames incinerator as early as 1995 to find out whether they were really operating because they are not in the EPA inventory. But that's nothing, The EPA inventory missed the whole category of iron centering plants which, in Europe, were one of the major factors. We put it in. So, Yeah.\r\n\r\n- I've heard that electrostatic precipitators actually can't create dioxin and I was wondering if you could describe the science behind that.\r\n\r\n- Well, that's why, I was just, I said that before. An electrostatic precipitator, it's got nothing to do, well no, it does have a little to do with the electrostatics. It produces a fine ash, it's called fly ash. Very fine particles of carbon. One of the earliest work in this whole business was done laboratory experiments in which it was shown that if you took fly ash and added gases from the flue to it, you could synthesize dioxin. And so it turns out that an electrostatic precipitator has, depending on the design of the furnace and all, has the right temperature zone that facilitates the synthesis of dioxin generally on fly ash. And then some of it comes down in the fly ash and some of it, at that temperature, will vaporize and go out the stack. That's, that's, but any other control system that happens to have that temperature configuration will do the same. The point is, see, in the beginning, when we first moved to New York from St. Louis, Koch wanted to build eight huge incinerators making new york the dioxin capital of the world. And so we started to look into it. And right away we were told by the engineers at the Department of Sanitation, it's no problem. We have a very good, well designed, German device that will burn anything, including dioxin. They weren't too smart. The same engineer went to a Hasidic community in Brooklyn and explained it that way too, \"We have a very good German incinerator.\" Anyway, the way we got into dealing with incinerators, I didn't know anything about incinerators. We said, what we've got look into this. And we started to collect data on the relationship between dioxin emissions and furnace temperature. And there was no relationship. And we then went back into the early chemical engineering literature and learned about this peak at 300 to 400 degrees and we published a report saying that's really what should be thought about when you're thinking about an incinerator. And, I have to tell you, that's why I didn't mind coming to Ames. The next thing that happened was, here I was a newcomer in New York, although I was born there. Next thing that happened was the Commissioner of Sanitation appointed a committee of my peers, if there are any, scientists to do a critique of our report and it was so bad I got quite a few apologies after a while. But the end of the story is that our theory, a year later, was tested by Environment Canada in an incinerator in Prince Edward Island. They did exactly what needed to be done. They measured the amount of dioxin in the fuel, in the furnace, after the furnace, in the control device, in the stack and what they showed was, there was practically no dioxin coming out of the furnace But a lot of it at the base of the stack. It was being synthesized. And now that is gospel. But some people haven't picked it up yet. Yes.\r\n\r\n- We'll take this and maybe one more last question and then I'm sure Dr. Commoner would be happy to answer any other questions over by the punch and cookies afterwards. Thanks.\r\n\r\n- I was actually wondering what kind of health problems the Inuits would actually face that they had and then I also was wondering would pasteurizing milk take care of the dioxins that were found in milk?\r\n\r\n- No. I should tell you. Let me answer the last part first. We measured dioxin in milk right out of the farm tank but EPA has, just about the same time, did a survey of pulled pasteurized milk from all over the country and got similar results. So pasteurization is, it's very stable. It's very stable. Now, the question of the effect on health on the Inuit. Much less has been done there than needs to be done. You know, obviously. There are some wonderful research organizations in Canada, lower Canada, that have been working with the Inuit and and some of them took milk samples, blood samples and so on. And some epidemiological work has been done. Both on dioxin and PCBs. And what has been observed among the Inuit, aside from measurements, is lower birth rate among the children born of Inuit mothers with high levels of dioxin. And a higher occurrence of ear infections. And that's important because dioxin does a lot more than cancer, it effects the immune system, it effects development so it leads to birth defects and so on. And the immune system is really very sensitive to it and there have been some European studies too, in Sweden, showing that exposure to dioxin leads to, particularly among children, leads to a higher level of infection. That's the most that's been observed among the Inuit. But, you know, there's been very little medical study there, very little. And besides, it's going to be impossible to do really big scale epidemiological work, there are too few people. So it isn't something that can just be worked out easily. Okay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/42755/file/115274#t=0.0,2576.184"}]}]}]}