{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/g44hm5376w/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Gurley, John G. , Paul M. Sweezy, and Jean W. Adams, Has China Lost the Road to Socialism"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Has China Lost the Road to Socialism. Iowa State University Lecture Series (RS 8/6/53). Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["There are no restrictions on access. (access)","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. 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university.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=10.51,12.142"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm Jean Adams from the department of economics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=12.142,15.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it is my pleasure to introduce","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=15.14,16.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the two very distinguished speakers we have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=16.77,19.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with us tonight and to moderate their debate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=19.37,22.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=22.85,23.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do I need to do?\n(chuckles)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=24.62,27.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This one?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=30.15,30.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can you hear me now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=31.98,33.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=34.07,34.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=36.02,36.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What about now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=38.95,40.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me start over again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=42.34,44.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd like to welcome you to tonight's lecture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=44.14,46.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is part of a six day Institute","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=46.92,49.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on World Affairs being held here at Iowa state.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=49.3,52.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm Jean Adams from the department of economics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=52.57,55.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it is my pleasure to 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speakers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=66.69,68.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd like to remind you of the events planned for tomorrow.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=68.43,71.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At noon tomorrow in the pioneer room, the 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Tannenbaum","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=90.02,93.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will introduce the film \"Dr. Norman Bethune\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=93.48,96.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and discuss filmmaking in 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of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=156.56,158.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a Stanford university award for excellence in teaching.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=158.89,162.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Gurley has published a substantial body of work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=162.51,165.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the area of monetary theory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=165.86,167.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Gurley is well-known for his 1960 book, co-authored","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=167.59,171.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with Shaw and entitled \"Money in a Theory of Finance\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=171.36,175.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His other works, his other books specifically, include","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=175.88,178.877"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Challengers to Capitalism: Marx Lenin, and Mao\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=178.877,182.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was published in 1976.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=182.27,184.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And \"China's Economy and the Maoist Strategy\" published","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=184.81,187.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 1976 by Monthly Review Press.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=187.65,190.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In addition, he has written many scholarly articles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=190.55,193.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"During his career, Dr. Gurley has been a senior fellow","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=193.6,196.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the Brookings Institution, and from 1963 to 1968,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=196.27,200.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he served as managing editor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=200.63,202.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the American Economic Review.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=202.47,205.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Please join me in welcoming back","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=205.18,206.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Iowa state university Dr. Gurley.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=206.83,209.439"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(students clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=209.439,212.439"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Gurley:\u003c/strong\u003e Jean, thank you very much","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=223.89,225.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for a generous introduction and accurate as to facts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=225.19,230.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, the question is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=237.37,240.197"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Has China lost the road to socialism?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=240.197,243.367"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in trying to answer that very difficult question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=244.69,248.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I want to present first several propositions about socialism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=248.93,253.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in general, that will serve as my guidelines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=253.01,257.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First of all, a socialist path","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=259.94,262.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is one that through central planning and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=263.43,267.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the public ownership of the means of production eliminates","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=267.47,271.757"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the capital accumulation process and its consequences.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=272.87,276.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is economic crises, the wealth-poverty poles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=276.94,281.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the capital export, imperialism imperative.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=282.93,286.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And at the same time leads to communism that is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=287.92,291.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in short to economic plenty and to a classless society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=291.51,296.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a path along which","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=297.41,298.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the working classes hold political power.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=298.78,301.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My second proposition is that it is not likely","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=303.83,308.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this path will be without twists and turns.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=309.35,312.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hence steady progress through socialism toward communism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=313.87,318.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is not to be expected.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=318.7,320.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Third proposition is that a society starting along","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=322.04,327.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the socialist path from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=327.86,330.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an economically backward position must greatly emphasize","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=330.2,335.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the building up of its productive forces.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=335.34,338.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Whereas the society starting along the socialist path from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=341.28,346.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a very advanced economic position can afford","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=346.54,351.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to place more emphasis on achieving classlesness.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=351.43,355.457"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the first case, I guess","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=357.1,358.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the backward countries case, there is danger","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=358.45,362.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of allowing capitalist class divisions to form.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=362.48,365.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the second case,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=367.32,368.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the advanced country case, the problem is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=368.55,371.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to overcome longstanding solid class divisions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=371.36,376.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"along capitalist lines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=376.13,377.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In each case, the socialist task is defying the method","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=378.72,383.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of pursuing both these goals simultaneously","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=383.68,386.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in such a way that the pursuit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=387.84,390.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of one enhances the attainment of the other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=390.41,395.073"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is, a policy task is to transform the goals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=396.62,400.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from being substitutes for each other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=400.87,403.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is these goals of economic plenty and classlessness.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=403.55,407.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To transform those two goals from being substitutes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=408.69,412.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or trade-offs to being 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expansion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=449.92,452.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Each socialist nation, therefore, is both a national model","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=453.83,458.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a link in an international 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neither.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=466.45,470.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sixth, the first several waves at socialism owing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=471.76,476.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the power of world capitalism arise only","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=477.47,482.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through violent upheavals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=482.79,484.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The last socialism's owing to the debility","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=485.78,489.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the remnants of world capitalism arise","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=489.11,492.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through relatively mild 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strength","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=502.75,507.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are born in a variety of revolutionary","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=507.33,510.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and evolutionary 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other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=517.29,520.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Seventh, later socialisms have more options","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=522.2,527.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than earlier ones do regarding the 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from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=534.88,537.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the accumulation of socialists experience over time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=537.38,540.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and from the increasing protection 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guarantee","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=549.72,553.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the use of this widening array","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=553.57,556.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of options by later socialist societies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=556.49,560.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And finally, as socialist States multiply","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=561.22,564.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they arise in increasingly multiform 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traditions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=573.26,574.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They pursue increasingly varied paths","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=575.71,578.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of socialist development,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=578.36,580.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they provide increasingly diverse links","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=580.27,583.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the international expansion of socialism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=583.6,586.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For these reasons, frictions grow among the socialist States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=586.63,591.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as they expand the number leading","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=591.89,594.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to some fragmentation of world socialism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=594.54,597.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, those are the principles that I propose to serve","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=598.0,602.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as my guidelines in trying to answer the question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=603.95,608.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Has China lost the road to socialism?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=609.497,612.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My answer to the question is that there are many roads","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=615.1,619.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through socialism towards a communist society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=619.8,623.748"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I would just suspect that there's probably","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=623.748,627.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a variety of communist societies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=627.72,629.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That each road has many twists and turns and setbacks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=631.05,636.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that the evidence that we have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=636.41,638.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from China up to now on this issue is certainly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=638.18,642.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not conclusive one way or the other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=642.46,645.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, I'm going to take a stand on this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=645.99,648.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, there are some reasons for believing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=649.67,652.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that China is still on the socialist road.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=652.7,655.073"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The evidence is 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other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1077.52,1082.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in time surplus capital would","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1082.41,1084.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"be seeking exploitation opportunities abroad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1084.5,1088.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The evidence that we have does not support","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1088.03,1090.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"any of these things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1090.36,1091.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Therefore I conclude that this is further evidence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1091.95,1094.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that capitalism has not been restored in China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1094.46,1098.169"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is possible however","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1098.169,1100.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there has not been sufficient time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1100.36,1102.556"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for cycles to be generated, a reserve army","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1102.556,1105.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of labor to be formed and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1105.61,1108.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So some extra caution is needed here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1108.41,1111.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the current situation and whatever trends can be seen","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1111.37,1116.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do not in my judgment suggest a capitalist restoration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1116.22,1119.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Third, the problem of whether","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1122.38,1123.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the working classes have lost political power is really","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1123.92,1127.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the problem of whether","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1127.38,1128.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the party now represents the bourgeoisie.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1128.41,1132.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I do not think that one can answer this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1132.57,1135.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by looking at the class backgrounds of the present leaders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1135.65,1139.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The answer is best sought in the policies being carried out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1139.64,1144.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to a lesser extent in what is being said about them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1144.05,1147.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As we all know China is embarking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1148.75,1150.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on all out modernization drive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1150.75,1153.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The state and aim of which is to make China a modern","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1153.19,1156.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and powerful socialist country by the end of this century.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1156.58,1160.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This policy and aim is certainly in keeping with socialism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1160.23,1164.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However class struggles, which many believe are necessary","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1165.8,1170.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to maintain the political power of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1170.52,1172.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the working classes, and eventually to establish","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1172.58,1174.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a classless society have been demoted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1174.95,1178.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A few years ago a central committee directive stated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1178.95,1182.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that large-scale turbulent class struggles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1182.65,1185.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a mass character have in the main come to an end","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1185.76,1189.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Chairman Hua Guofeng has more recently repeated this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1190.16,1194.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Basing himself on the notion that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1194.86,1196.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the old ruling classes no longer exist in China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1196.49,1199.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, he went on to say that since the influence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1200.72,1204.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of bourgeois and feudal ideologies continue,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1204.69,1208.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the class struggle itself must continue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1208.77,1211.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this does not rule out class struggles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1212.04,1215.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it does rule out another cultural revolution carried out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1215.72,1219.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the scale of that of 1966/69,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1219.66,1224.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which as we find out more about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1225.2,1228.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that giant upheaval, maybe all to the good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1228.15,1231.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I put that in to challenge Paul Sweezy on this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1232.17,1236.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Furthermore...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1237.94,1238.972"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(laughs) I said Paul.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1238.972,1240.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Furthermore, Chairman Hua cautioned that during","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1242.23,1246.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the all out drive for modernization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1246.89,1249.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"China should follow the four basic principles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1250.15,1252.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are to adhere first to the socialist rule, secondly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1253.86,1258.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the dictatorship of the proletariat, thirdly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1258.55,1262.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to leadership by the party, and finally","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1262.27,1266.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Marxism, Leninism and Mao Tse-tung thought.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1266.39,1270.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"While the depreciation of class struggles is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1271.72,1274.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the principle policy change, there are others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1274.84,1279.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Enterprise managers have been given a stronger hand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1279.21,1282.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Enterprise profits are now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1283.02,1285.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a more important indicator of efficiency.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1285.02,1287.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Material incentives for rural","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1288.65,1291.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and urban workers have been strengthened.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1291.36,1293.443"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Worker discipline has been tightened.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1295.6,1298.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And trade and investment with the West has been expanded.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1300.27,1304.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My assessment is that these have been marginal changes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1305.41,1310.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which do not threaten the socialist system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1311.59,1314.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They would look to be much more than that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1314.85,1317.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to anyone who has been misled into thinking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1317.96,1322.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that all of these moves are sudden total breaks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1322.21,1325.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the past policies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1325.52,1327.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they are not managerial responsibility as waxed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1327.83,1332.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and waned over the years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1332.27,1334.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Moreover at the present time, the party,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1334.15,1336.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"while strengthening managers is also promoting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1336.28,1339.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and extending worker participation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1339.39,1341.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within the factories in decision-making.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1341.81,1344.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As the profits, they have always been","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1344.94,1347.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an indicator of performance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1347.37,1349.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now it should be noticed that they are still not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1349.57,1352.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an important indicator of resource allocation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1352.96,1355.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Material incentives have dominated workers' lives","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1356.84,1359.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"throughout most of the socialist period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1359.94,1361.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Worker discipline has been imposed periodically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1363.49,1367.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and trade with the West began","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1367.13,1368.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in earnest almost 20 years ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1368.81,1370.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Investment with foreign equity in China is new","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1372.77,1377.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it is well under control","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1378.18,1380.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and up to now amounts to practically nothing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1380.51,1382.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All in all I do not believe that these policies do much","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1383.93,1388.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to undermine socialists institutions or issue in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1388.74,1392.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a capitalist accumulation process with its attendant ills.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1392.35,1397.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Workers' interests are still strongly represented","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1397.34,1400.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the party.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1400.1,1400.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So in conclusion, that is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1401.87,1403.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my impression that China's economic base, including","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1403.13,1407.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her social relations have been a lot more stable over","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1407.74,1412.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the past decade or decade and a half than have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1413.99,1418.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the statements from successive Chinese leaders","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1418.45,1422.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about that economic base.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1422.72,1425.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it best to pay more attention to what China does","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1425.6,1430.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a bit less to what China says.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1430.03,1432.808"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1432.808,1434.004"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(Audience clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1434.004,1437.004"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Jean:\u003c/strong\u003e Our second speaker tonight is Dr. Paul Sweezy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1445.16,1448.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After he has had a chance to present his views","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1448.2,1450.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the topics, then we will give time to each","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1450.5,1453.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of our speakers to make any comments on the other's view.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1453.55,1456.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then we'll open up to discussion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1456.61,1459.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and questions from the audience.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1459.24,1461.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Sweezy is one of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1462.18,1463.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the nation's most distinguished Marxist economists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1463.81,1466.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He did his graduate work in economics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1466.88,1468.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at Harvard University where he received his PhD degree,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1468.79,1472.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he also studied at the London School of Economics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1472.81,1476.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"During the 1930s, he returned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1476.0,1477.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Harvard as a member of the faculty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1477.76,1479.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He worked for various new deal agencies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1479.88,1482.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and during world war II, he served","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1482.25,1484.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the office of strategic services.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1484.41,1487.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1949, Dr. Sweezy founded \"The Monthly Review\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1487.07,1490.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with Leo Huberman and he continues today as its co-editor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1490.54,1494.927"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Monthly Review\" has been described as","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1494.927,1497.657"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"The most famous unknown magazine in America\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1497.657,1500.916"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1500.916,1501.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And is credited with keeping socialist thought alive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1501.78,1504.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the United States through such trying times","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1504.7,1506.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the McCarthy period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1506.87,1508.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In addition, Dr. Sweezy has authored","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1508.74,1510.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and co-authored many books and articles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1510.7,1512.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His book, \"The Theory of Capitalist Development\", published","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1512.9,1516.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 1942 is still today widely regarded in this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1516.2,1519.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and other countries as the best introduction to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1519.5,1522.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and summary of Marxian economic theory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1522.38,1525.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Also very widely read is a book he co-authored in 1966 with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1525.34,1529.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the late Paul Baran and titled \"Monopoly capital: An Essay","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1529.06,1532.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the American Economic And Social Order\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1532.683,1535.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Sweezy has just returned this week from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1535.89,1538.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a long series of lectures in Japan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1538.19,1540.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Please join me in welcoming Dr. Sweezy back","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1540.71,1542.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the United States and back here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1542.86,1544.655"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1544.655,1547.655"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Sweezy:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you very much Jean, and it's very good","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1556.96,1559.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be back with all of you again,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1559.79,1561.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I enjoyed last year's opportunity although the weather was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1561.91,1566.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a little bit less clement last year, as I remember.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1566.54,1569.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was about 15 below zero every day,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1570.64,1572.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and lots of snow on the ground.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1572.96,1575.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By comparison, this is like the tropics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1575.1,1578.224"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1578.224,1581.224"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jack Gurley and I are really not going to have a debate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1584.38,1587.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because a great deal of what he said, I agree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1587.85,1592.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, putting his terms of reference,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1592.01,1594.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think I could disagree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1594.43,1596.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I would stress other terms of reference","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1596.76,1601.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as being rather than more important","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1603.62,1605.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and also more interesting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1605.72,1607.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1607.77,1610.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It seems to me that the question","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1614.421,1615.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is not at all whether China is restoring capitalism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1615.67,1619.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think that there's any evidence to that effect,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1620.8,1625.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I also don't think","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1626.65,1627.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Soviet Union ever restored capitalism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1627.85,1631.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think that the road that China","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1633.59,1637.497"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the Soviet union traveled during a considerable part","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1637.497,1642.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the period between the 1949 victory of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1642.41,1647.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Chinese communist party and the death of Chairman Mao","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1648.07,1653.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 1975, the road that China traveled during that period","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1655.11,1660.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in many important respects, differed from that which","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1661.37,1664.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Soviet Union traveled in that period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1664.57,1667.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And indeed considerably before that period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1667.71,1670.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it seems to me that the most interesting question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1671.78,1675.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in the long run, the most important question","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1675.79,1678.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is not whether capitalism is being restored,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1678.32,1681.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that's essentially a pseudo question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1681.43,1686.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But whether China is persisting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1688.21,1691.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on a path different from, more original than,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1691.95,1696.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in my opinion, more hopeful than, that which","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1696.76,1700.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Soviet Union has been traveling.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1700.19,1702.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or whether it is now and particularly in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1702.99,1707.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the last three years, but not only in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1707.14,1709.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the last three years showing strong signs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1709.68,1713.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of following along in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1713.27,1716.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the same basic, not identical of course, basic path that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1716.58,1721.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Soviet Union is moving in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1722.69,1724.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now I could put this in a sort of shorthand form by saying,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1725.69,1730.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the course China now pursuing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1734.37,1737.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is it Maoist or is it Soviet?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1737.51,1740.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because there was unquestionably very strong 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Mao","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1887.83,1892.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the one side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1893.88,1894.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And unfortunately there has never been another 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Mao.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1907.2,1910.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact his followers were, relatively speaking, rather","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=1910.82,1915.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would say weak people that sparked I think a great 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socialism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2010.29,2015.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which I think was enormously original and creative compared","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2016.73,2021.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to anything that had happened in the Soviet Union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2021.83,2024.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And whether it has lost that and is now beginning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2025.22,2029.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or well along the way or in some way or another following","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2029.94,2034.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a road similar to that of the Soviet Union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2034.64,2037.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the evidence which Jack Gurley presents of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2039.11,2044.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a continuity in policy, and he's presented it by the way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2046.26,2051.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in various written sources much more fully","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2051.53,2054.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and with much more detail than he had time to do tonight.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2054.63,2059.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I especially recommend a very good piece he wrote in the,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2059.92,2064.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it was the spring/summer issue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2066.59,2068.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of \"The Stanford\" magazine on continuity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2068.21,2073.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and change and in China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2073.64,2075.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he has no real difficulty in showing that there is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2077.35,2081.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a very, very large degree of continuity through","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2081.08,2086.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the period of Mao's death and the accession","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2086.37,2091.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to power of the regime which followed Mao.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2091.63,2096.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in my opinion, this is not very...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2100.21,2104.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's evident but I don't find it very persuasive at length.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2105.62,2110.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think that the real issue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2110.89,2113.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is whether China has continued to grow in terms of GNP,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2113.1,2118.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of industrial production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2123.28,2125.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of agricultural production though less rapidly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2125.05,2130.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for these things are all true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2131.98,2134.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I don't think these are the real issues that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2135.26,2137.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we ought to be looking For because as Jack says, Mao was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2137.91,2141.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in favor of these things too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2141.97,2144.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There wasn't all that difference.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2144.09,2146.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That level between Mao's line and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2147.23,2152.076"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the line of Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2152.076,2156.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean they both were in favor of modernization,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2156.02,2160.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of acquiring technology from the West,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2160.41,2164.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of increasing the forces of production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2164.41,2167.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of increasing output of modernizing agriculture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2167.47,2172.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One can find confined evidence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2172.25,2176.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this throughout the whole period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2176.02,2178.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in this respect I totally agree with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2178.02,2180.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the thesis which Jack Gurley has been espousing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2181.67,2185.777"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Though it seems to me that the real problem","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2189.66,2193.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the way the issues, which apparently divide","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2194.36,2199.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these two camps have been treated by","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2202.41,2207.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the new leadership compared","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2208.54,2210.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the way they were treated by Mao and his group before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2210.31,2215.097"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The fact of the matter I believe is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2218.63,2222.587"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think Jack Gurley provides plenty","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2222.587,2227.587"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of very solid evidence, that there hasn't been","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2228.45,2231.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"any faltering essentially in the development process","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2231.85,2236.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in China at any time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2239.78,2241.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There have been changes in strategy in various ways, time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2242.84,2247.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the great leap and the cultural revolution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2247.07,2250.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but basically industrial production has continued","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2250.03,2252.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to increase in probably the highest rates","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2252.44,2256.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of any country in the world","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2256.19,2258.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"GNP has grown, agricultural production has kept ahead","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2258.86,2262.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the population increase","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2262.44,2264.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and at no time has this not been so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2265.34,2270.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CIA has plenty of figures of that kind,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2272.48,2275.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Chinese themselves over","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2277.018,2278.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the years have put out figures of that kind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2278.43,2281.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what do we find now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2281.45,2282.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We find in the last couple of years, is an attempt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2282.54,2285.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make out that China went through a period of stagnation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2285.25,2289.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which boarded on disaster during the cultural revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2289.2,2293.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I rub my eyes when I see this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2296.51,2299.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, I was in China in 1974, I gathered quite","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2299.95,2304.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a lot of material, looked around, saw things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2304.06,2307.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If China was on the verge of an economic collapse","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2307.81,2311.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at that time, certainly the 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policies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2397.89,2402.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which were in vogue in the early 1950s","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2402.99,2407.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from '49 to the time of the great leap in 1957.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2408.936,2412.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now that of course was precisely that period when China","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2414.63,2418.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was consciously copying the Soviet 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of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2434.08,2437.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the first socialist country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2437.36,2439.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The first proletarian revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2440.56,2443.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But after about six or seven years of that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2444.31,2449.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it began to appear particularly to Mao, but 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done","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2461.07,2466.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which were not done in the Soviet Union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2466.1,2468.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not going to go into all the 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among","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2588.58,2591.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the intellectuals, new elites which were growing up all over","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2591.29,2596.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the society in which Mao always considered to 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capitalism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2650.7,2654.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it does tend to recreate inequality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2654.32,2658.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then he added the 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leading.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2688.97,2692.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, if we look at where the Soviet Union is today","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2693.21,2696.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or where it says it is today, we find 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Marxism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2771.69,2773.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and was supposed to be the motive force","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2774.95,2777.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of history right up until the achievement of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2777.17,2780.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the communist society, the future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2780.37,2782.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not to be eliminated by socialism not at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2784.348,2787.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in this respect,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2787.98,2789.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mao reflects classical Marxist thought, very faithfully.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2789.52,2794.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now the Soviet answer to this question now is this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2795.5,2800.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what drives this society, this harmonious society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2800.2,2804.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of advanced socialism forward is what they call","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2804.26,2807.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the scientific and technological revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2807.7,2810.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, who are the carriers of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2811.9,2814.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the scientific and technological revolution?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2814.64,2817.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Intelligentsia of course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2818.42,2820.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that really the dominant progressive force","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2820.58,2825.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and advanced socialism Soviet style has become not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2829.18,2832.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the working class, certainly not the peasantry","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2832.95,2836.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the intelligentsia which is a bearer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2836.02,2838.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the scientific and social and technological revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2838.22,2842.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is supposed to drive Soviet society forward","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2842.91,2847.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the ultimate triumph of communism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2850.76,2853.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I can't tell you how totally, totally contradictory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2853.6,2857.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Marxism this idea is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2857.71,2860.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is just totally out of keeping with anything that marks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2860.16,2865.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or angles of classical Marxism or Lennon ever held.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2865.15,2868.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I believe from what I have seen, although","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2870.1,2872.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can't prove it, this is certainly an area where","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2872.74,2875.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we could have a debate if Jack believes differently.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2878.216,2882.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe he can convince me, I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2882.78,2885.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that the Chinese","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2885.61,2887.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are moving exactly the same direction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2887.98,2889.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're now soft pedaling the class struggle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2889.91,2893.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's pretty much out, except as a struggle against","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2893.22,2897.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the remnants of the old, not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2897.46,2900.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a struggle against this new class in formation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2900.24,2903.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which by the way, I don't think it has to be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2904.03,2906.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a capitalist class at all, because I don't believe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2906.71,2910.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Soviet Union is a capitalist country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2910.01,2911.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I think it's a new exploiting class which has grown up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2911.98,2916.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"under the conditions of the revolution and can grow up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2917.73,2920.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in any post-revolutionary society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2920.82,2923.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if it is not combated effectively, continuously","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2923.88,2928.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and over a long, long period of time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2928.48,2931.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, I think Mao's ideas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2932.7,2934.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are very consistent with classical Marxism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2935.92,2938.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, I think they are the most advanced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2938.81,2943.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and articulate formulation of the ideas of classical Marxism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2943.51,2948.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the problem of the class struggle and the driving forces","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2950.62,2955.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of society in the post-revolutionary period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2956.24,2960.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the original Marxist idea, I should go on to say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2963.91,2967.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then I think I'm overstepping my limits already.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2967.85,2972.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Socialism is not a mode of production or a social formation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2975.1,2980.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is a transitional stage between capitalism and communism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2981.47,2986.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now you may say communism is a utopia way off there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2986.09,2990.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the very distant future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2990.287,2992.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And perhaps that's correct.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2992.9,2994.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not sure, certainly there's no empirical evidence yet","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2994.74,2998.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the appearance of communism, and it doesn't look like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=2998.97,3001.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's going to happen when anybody here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3001.97,3005.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this room is still alive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3005.36,3007.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nevertheless, that is the idea of classical Marxism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3008.95,3013.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and of Mao Zedong, and nobody expected","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3013.39,3016.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that transition to be short.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3016.74,3018.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was to be a long, long historical epoch.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3018.55,3021.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Mao on various occasions even said that they would have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3022.26,3026.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be not one cultural revolution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3026.64,3028.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but many cultural revolutions, many struggles,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3028.6,3032.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which would take even violent forms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3032.11,3034.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before the period of socialism, which was one","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3034.86,3039.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of transition, one with elements of both capitalism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3039.65,3043.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and bourgeois society and communism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3043.64,3046.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and communist society mixed into it before one or the other","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3046.09,3051.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of those two elements would be victorious.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3051.15,3055.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now Mao in my opinion, like the Soviet theorists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3055.96,3060.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and most Marxists, but not all, was deficient","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3060.38,3065.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in seeing that, in not seeing rather, that another kind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3065.2,3070.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of society was possible post-revolutionary, which was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3070.06,3074.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a new class formation and one where, what Mao called","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3074.65,3079.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the three differences between mental","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3079.76,3083.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and manual labor between city and country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3083.96,3086.057"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and between agriculture and industry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3086.057,3090.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Those three differences would be not only not eliminated,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3090.25,3093.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but would be in some respect actually intensified.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3093.71,3097.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now Mao's whole thought was that the essence of the struggle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3098.67,3102.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for communism was to overcome these three differences.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3102.96,3106.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, to overcome inequality, not only","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3106.61,3110.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in appealing income or monetary sense, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3110.44,3112.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of real situation as human beings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3112.89,3116.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think that the Chinese now give every evidence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3117.54,3121.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of giving up What Mao considered the essence of the struggle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3121.57,3126.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to eliminate the three differences, giving up the primacy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3126.56,3130.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the class struggle and trying to divert it into","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3130.85,3133.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a struggle against old ideas and old prejudices","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3133.42,3138.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and giving up the notion of a genuinely democratic society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3138.31,3143.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which the masses would control the party","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3145.27,3148.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and not simply be represented by","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3148.16,3150.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or have the party as their agent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3150.63,3153.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Those are to be sure signs if there are there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3154.77,3159.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are not very well developed yet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3161.01,3164.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"China compared to the Russians, hasn't gone","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3164.17,3167.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very far along this path.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3167.34,3169.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I don't believe that it will go the whole way that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3169.52,3172.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Russians have gone up to now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3172.57,3174.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without very severe struggles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3174.92,3176.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think there'll be many more of them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3176.62,3178.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't believe they're over by any means.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3178.27,3180.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think the idea which Deng Xiaoping and Hua Guofeng","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3180.98,3185.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so on believe that they're onto a good course","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3187.22,3190.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of harmonious modernization is an illusion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3190.91,3195.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think they're interest in various severe struggles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3195.89,3198.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the next 20 years or so, the period by which they hope","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3200.22,3205.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to have achieved a thoroughly modernized socialist society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3206.47,3211.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"socialism being determined or defined in their own way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3215.47,3220.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now I wouldn't call that socialism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3224.49,3227.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I am a sort of a fundamentalist Marxist, I guess","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3227.18,3231.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in some respects, not alone by any means","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3231.88,3236.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but in some respect and so","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3236.99,3238.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think social socialism has to be seen as","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3238.48,3241.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a transition, not as a form of society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3241.1,3244.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and something that's going to occupy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3244.42,3247.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a long long period of time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3247.21,3249.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not by any means pessimistic that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3249.19,3251.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Chinese will refine that road, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3251.2,3254.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think right now there is very clear evidence that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3254.36,3259.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the present leadership, those in control now are trying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3260.69,3265.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to develop a set of policies and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3265.21,3270.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an ideology which will put China on a road similar","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3270.07,3274.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to, and justify that road similar to that which","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3278.86,3281.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Soviet Union has been following for a long time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3281.78,3285.769"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3285.769,3286.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3286.64,3289.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Jean:\u003c/strong\u003e Now we'll have some comments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3298.15,3299.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on that from Dr. Gurley.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3299.37,3300.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Gurley:\u003c/strong\u003e Just a few brief comments, much of that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3306.12,3310.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I certainly agree with.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3310.2,3312.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The question that was given to me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3315.52,3318.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to address, \"Has China lost the road to socialism?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3320.16,3324.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I took that seriously.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3324.44,3326.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Paul says, this is the wrong question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3326.13,3328.507"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3328.507,3330.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He may be right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3330.57,3332.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that his question is certainly an excellent one,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3332.15,3334.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether the path that China's taking is the same","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3334.98,3337.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/860","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or different from that of the Soviet Union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3337.72,3342.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/861","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I tried to point out that Mao did 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calls","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3357.79,3359.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the transitions, socialism toward a communist society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3359.9,3364.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that contribution was in trying to find a 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other","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3376.54,3380.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/868","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I expressed it a way of pursuing one goal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3380.8,3385.397"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/869","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and at the same time enhancing the attainment of the other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3386.75,3390.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/870","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now Mao's own theory about this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3391.24,3395.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/871","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was fairly well-developed I believe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3395.8,3399.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were many slogans on it such as \"carry","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3399.1,3402.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out class struggle and promote production\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3402.38,3405.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that expresses exactly what I'm trying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3405.43,3407.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to say that both those 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other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3418.46,3421.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mao felt that that if one carried out class struggles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3421.77,3426.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the correct way, that it would enlist 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them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3460.15,3464.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/888","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this in itself would promote the production process.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3464.17,3468.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/889","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if the production process were 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could","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3482.06,3484.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/894","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in turn reinforce the goals and the pursuit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3484.63,3489.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/895","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of those goals that came under class struggles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3489.12,3492.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/896","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it was that combination, that trade-off","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3492.87,3495.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/897","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the complementarity of the two things that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3495.19,3497.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/898","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I considered to be Mao's main contribution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3497.82,3501.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/899","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to moving through this transition period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3501.32,3504.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/900","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it is missing, as Paul says, it is certainly missing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3504.7,3508.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/901","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the present environment in China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3510.859,3513.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/902","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the problem really is how to interpret that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3513.71,3516.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/903","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, if you think, and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3517.09,3519.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/904","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't believe Paul does believe this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3519.02,3523.721"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/905","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there was nothing wrong in the actual 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communism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3531.03,3534.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/908","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if the cultural revolution turned out all right,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3534.05,3537.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/909","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the great leap forward turned out all right, well then it is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3537.43,3541.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/910","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a puzzle as to why","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3541.27,3543.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/911","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the present leaders aren't pursuing this 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injured.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3584.74,3586.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/924","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were physically injured and psychologically injured","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3587.02,3591.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/925","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by much that went on during the cultural revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3591.09,3594.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/926","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now if you think of the policies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3597.12,3602.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/927","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the results of the policies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3602.99,3604.407"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/928","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and those terms, then you can see some reason why","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3604.407,3609.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/929","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these present policies may 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up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3618.34,3620.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/932","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the productive forces of the society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3621.77,3624.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/933","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And perhaps later on with class struggles still","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3624.29,3627.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/934","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in mind, experimenting further, along the Maoist lines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3627.49,3632.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/935","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, I don't know whether present leaders","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3634.42,3636.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/936","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have that in mind or not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3636.48,3638.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/937","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It may well be that Paul is correct","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3638.35,3641.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/938","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in his assessment that they are going away","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3641.55,3644.877"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/939","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from classical Marxism or as I really would 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Marxism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3654.31,3657.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/942","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and finding a practical way, or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3657.11,3660.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/943","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at least attempting to find a practical way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3660.41,3662.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/944","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through socialism toward communism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3662.69,3664.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/945","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's a question of whether this is a temporary setback or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3667.42,3671.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/946","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a shift in policies after a series","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3672.721,3676.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/947","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of successful ones had been carried on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3676.08,3678.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/948","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by Mao and his followers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3678.84,3681.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/949","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I tend to think it's the former and Paul seems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3685.285,3687.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/950","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to stress a little bit more of the latter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3687.53,3691.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/951","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3691.04,3692.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/952","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3692.263,3695.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/953","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Sweezy:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, I think now we're getting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3701.05,3702.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/954","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the nub of the problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3702.89,3706.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/955","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course the great leap forward, I 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performances","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3712.46,3715.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/958","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which achieved all their ends or anything like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3715.45,3718.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/959","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were of course, very bitter struggles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3720.0,3724.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/960","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which had very little to do with the realization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3725.89,3730.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/961","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or achievement of any of the ends which Mao","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3730.36,3733.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/962","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the other theorists had in mind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3733.98,3738.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/963","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when they not only...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3738.74,3743.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/964","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Perhaps longed to say launched the cultural revolution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3743.23,3746.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/965","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but at least encouraged it at a time when Liu Shaoqi","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3746.45,3751.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/966","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the others would have squashed it right then and there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3753.407,3756.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/967","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think there's no doubt about 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sinologist,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3822.59,3827.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/988","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a woman by the name of Edoarda Masi who happened to be...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3827.08,3832.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/989","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She's been a sinologist for a long 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attainment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3924.68,3929.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1014","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and basically that means class origin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3931.51,3934.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1015","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But we're on political grounds, and that of course 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echelons","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3983.4,3986.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1028","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the corporate and the government world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3986.04,3988.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1029","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you fail, if your family is rich enough","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3988.61,3992.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1030","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they can still send you to a private university","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3992.01,3995.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1031","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you'll do all right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3995.0,3996.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1032","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if you're poor and you fail out at that stage,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=3997.13,4002.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1033","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you're finished, you're going to be nothing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4002.05,4005.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1034","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the rest of your life except ordinary small working man","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4005.07,4010.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1035","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you're not going up into any higher echelons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4011.18,4014.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1036","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's no way up after that point.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4014.21,4016.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1037","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now that seems to be the kind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4016.21,4019.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1038","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of thing which they're thinking in terms of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4019.33,4021.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1039","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's got a long, long tradition in Chinese history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4021.85,4025.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1040","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a Confucian tradition that the examination system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4025.61,4029.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1041","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was a big part of the detonator of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4030.76,4035.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1042","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the cultural revolution, there was a revolt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4037.1,4039.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1043","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against that kind of a system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4039.36,4041.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1044","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think they solved it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4041.52,4043.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1045","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think the cultural revolution solved it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4043.36,4045.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1046","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think Mao had solutions for it either.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4045.65,4048.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1047","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are really very profound problems,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4048.68,4052.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1048","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very profound conflicts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4052.11,4053.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1049","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's no easy way out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4053.8,4054.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1050","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what distresses me is the way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4054.89,4058.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1051","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the post-Maoist leadership handled them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4059.13,4063.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1052","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Did they go in for a serious discussion and criticism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4063.11,4066.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1053","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of what was done, what was done right","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4066.63,4068.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1054","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what was done wrong?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4068.39,4070.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1055","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No, not at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4070.32,4071.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1056","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They invented these fairytales about the gang of four.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4071.27,4075.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1057","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All kinds of incredible nonsense has been put forward,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4075.55,4079.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1058","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think anybody has to admit that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4079.27,4081.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1059","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But no serious analysis of what went wrong, no summoning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4081.76,4086.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1060","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the masses to a discussion of the problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4086.4,4090.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1061","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the mistakes which were made.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4091.492,4093.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1062","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No questioning of the whole...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4093.51,4097.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1063","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It all became black and white, that was a bad period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4097.02,4101.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1064","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Even to the point of denying the things that weren't so bad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4101.56,4106.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1065","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The production and the growth policies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4106.17,4110.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1066","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were pretty good during","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4110.54,4111.757"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1067","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the cultural revolution, considering the severity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4111.757,4114.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1068","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the struggles that went on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4114.98,4116.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1069","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's what bothers me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4116.79,4117.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1070","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think this group in power now is not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4117.91,4122.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1071","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by any means a bunch of communists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4122.38,4124.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1072","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They came up out of the communist party, of course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4125.56,4128.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1073","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think they are representatives","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4129.96,4131.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1074","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a new ruling class in nascendi,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4131.85,4136.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1075","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the process of being born.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4136.22,4139.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1076","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they represent that class and they mean","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4139.2,4141.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1077","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to impose that kind of a society on China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4141.27,4146.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1078","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, if that has to be overcome","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4146.06,4148.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1079","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's not going to be through their Goodwill.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4148.04,4149.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1080","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's going to be because the masses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4149.92,4152.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1081","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Chinese who are still down at the bottom,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4152.02,4154.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1082","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the peasants and the workers, believe me, they're better off","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4155.52,4159.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1083","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than they were before the revolution, but it's no picnic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4159.27,4163.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1084","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They are very poor still.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4163.41,4165.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1085","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if they are going to continue on a path","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4166.01,4170.157"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1086","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is going to lead them to power","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4171.13,4174.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1087","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's not an easy concept","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4175.11,4176.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1088","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I think it's not a meaningless one either.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4176.66,4179.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1089","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then they've got to struggle and do it themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4179.46,4182.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1090","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the problem, which seems to me to be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4182.2,4185.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1091","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the heart of the present historical junction in China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4185.34,4189.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1092","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience clapping)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4190.413,4193.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1093","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Jean:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay we are now ready","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4200.05,4200.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1094","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for some questions from the audience.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4200.98,4202.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1095","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"May I please ask that you try to keep your questions short","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4202.64,4204.957"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1096","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to the point so that we can cover as many","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4204.957,4207.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1097","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as possible without going on for too long of a time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4207.96,4211.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1098","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do we have some questions you can direct them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4211.23,4213.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1099","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to either both of the speakers or to just one of them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4213.15,4216.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Student 1:\u003c/strong\u003e What aspects of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4223.06,4224.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the recruitment process broke down so that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4224.86,4229.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Maoist line kind of wasn't able to replenish itself?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4229.74,4234.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think you mentioned that as a problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4234.39,4237.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can you identify anything that caused that to break down?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4237.65,4240.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Either of you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4242.14,4243.902"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4243.902,4244.735"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Jean:\u003c/strong\u003e You have two mics, (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4244.735,4246.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Sweezy:\u003c/strong\u003e You go ahead, you wanna go?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4259.066,4261.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4261.95,4264.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wish I could answer the question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4264.93,4266.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it's a very good question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4266.34,4268.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why was it that Mao wasn't able to develop some kind of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4268.62,4273.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a movement, support, organized support which would enable","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4275.52,4280.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his line in the two lines struggle to survive his death?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4283.25,4288.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I really don't know the answer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4288.94,4290.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think there were plenty of signs that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4290.87,4293.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the gang of four who were made scapegoats for so much","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4295.933,4300.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were not particularly talented Maoists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4300.93,4305.847"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and didn't work, weren't especially good politicians either.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4307.07,4312.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mao, of course always knew when to compromise.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4315.37,4318.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was a master compromiser,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4318.991,4320.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you have to be, if you're in politics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4320.62,4322.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they didn't seem to have that skill at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4324.16,4327.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, I think that the party cadres","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4329.722,4333.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the whole who were pretty badly mauled around","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4335.13,4339.007"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the cultural revolution, nevertheless","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4339.007,4342.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the most part did survive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4343.6,4345.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And just baited their time and really were in control.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4345.34,4350.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I don't think in retrospect, although I didn't see it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4350.48,4354.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the time, I admit that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4354.75,4356.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In retrospect, I think probably","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4356.18,4359.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that particular cultural revolution never had a chance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4359.26,4362.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That the cards were very strongly stacked against it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4363.53,4367.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I don't think that deprives it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4367.86,4369.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of its historical importance, not only in China","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4371.25,4375.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but also for the world socialist movements.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4375.58,4377.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it's an achievement, a level","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4377.83,4382.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of understanding which has been reached","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4383.13,4387.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and can never be lost now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4387.26,4389.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I believe that every new revolution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4389.63,4393.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'm not talking about one like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4393.37,4395.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Iranian revolution, which obviously never had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4395.32,4399.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a real revolutionary leadership developed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4399.18,4402.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the point where it could get out of the mess","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4402.98,4407.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which Iran was mired.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4407.6,4410.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Never had a meaningful program to tackle those problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4411.3,4415.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I think a revolution in a country...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4416.02,4419.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well let's take a very simple case","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4419.06,4420.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a very backward case too, Mozambique for example.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4422.358,4426.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They are very aware of all these issues","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4426.12,4427.738"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that have been fought out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4427.738,4429.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Chinese cultural revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4431.47,4433.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that said, Mozambique and China","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4433.52,4438.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are not only thousands of miles away geographically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4439.66,4444.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but in time and every other way, culturally and civilization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4444.3,4448.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so on, are two different worlds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4448.1,4450.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And yet that experience, China's attempt to break with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4450.84,4455.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Soviet model and go on what I would consider","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4458.62,4462.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a more genuinely socialist course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4462.04,4464.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that experience can never be wiped out now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4464.61,4467.747"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think future revolutions will take up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4467.747,4471.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from there and go ahead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4471.87,4473.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think it will happen in China too, but after what kind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4473.85,4476.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of struggles, I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4476.92,4479.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The thing that I feel the most is that some kind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4479.04,4482.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a real Stalinist kind of regime may","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4484.87,4489.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at some stage be clamped down","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4489.25,4491.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and further political development","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4491.85,4494.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will be made almost impossible as it was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4494.72,4497.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a civil union with Stalin's purges and the total change","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4497.72,4502.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the political power structure in the late twenties","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4503.02,4508.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and especially in the mid thirties would be wiping out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4508.232,4512.077"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the old party, the old (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4512.077,4514.027"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I just say I fear this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4518.51,4519.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think any of us know what's going on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4519.95,4522.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the younger levels of Chinese society, really.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4522.19,4525.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We get some lurid pictures of youth gangs and robbery","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4525.77,4530.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and whatnot, and the bourgeois press in big cities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4531.01,4533.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and probably that's true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4533.97,4535.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what's going on in the countryside among young people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4536.51,4540.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the lower levels of the political people who are running","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4540.24,4545.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the country, younger people, I haven't seen anything","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4546.78,4551.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that really conveys to me to believe in those pictures","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4551.35,4556.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I don't know where (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4557.22,4559.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Gurley:\u003c/strong\u003e Let me just say that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4562.97,4564.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that many of Mao's policies that did survive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4564.42,4568.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the ones concerning economic production, many of them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4568.97,4573.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on foreign trade and foreign policy certainly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4575.36,4579.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has survived almost intact.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4579.81,4583.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The key one, however that we're addressing ourselves too is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4583.34,4586.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the one involving the combination of class struggles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4588.242,4592.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and production, that did not survive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4592.54,4594.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the leadership level.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4594.62,4596.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nobody knows how much it has survived below that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4596.34,4601.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It may have a real survival of Elliott,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4602.638,4605.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but among many of the people of China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4605.14,4609.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There is one other aspect to this, is the question","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4611.97,4616.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of why Mao brought Deng Xiaoping back in into power","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4616.59,4621.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because he apparently is the person not carrying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4624.11,4627.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out this key aspect.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4627.88,4629.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And perhaps does not believe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4629.46,4631.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this key aspect of Mao's program.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4631.44,4635.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, I don't know that probably has a lot to do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4635.66,4638.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the Mao's deep enmity of the Soviet Union","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4638.27,4642.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because Deng Xiaoping had proved himself over the years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4642.41,4645.487"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be as anti-Soviet as Mao,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4645.487,4650.487"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there was a key point around 1973 once","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4651.27,4655.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was Mao felt that the military needed to be shaken up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4655.58,4659.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it would be a good idea to bring Deng back just from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4659.94,4663.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an anti-Soviet point of view.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4663.25,4665.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It may be that that deepest conviction of Mao 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carried","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4674.39,4676.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out by other leaders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4676.72,4677.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Jean:\u003c/strong\u003e Questions, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4681.97,4683.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Student 2:\u003c/strong\u003e Dr. Gurley, (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4684.05,4685.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You elaborated different institutional levels","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4693.5,4696.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which that sort of articulated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4696.14,4698.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the worker team to production teams up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4698.4,4702.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The question I'd like to ask is what is the character","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4702.0,4705.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the relationship between those institutions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4705.51,4708.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you see, that would lead this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4708.253,4711.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for institutional layers to move forward,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4711.48,4714.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to continue to move forward to socialist alternatives","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4714.37,4717.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as opposed to becoming a mechanism whereby","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4717.48,4720.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a centralized bureaucracy could move back down","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4720.75,4723.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to that network and permanently (indistinct) the social","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4723.41,4726.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and production relations from the top down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4726.37,4728.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Gurnley:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I think the mechanism is 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brigades.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4742.36,4746.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You see if they're a basic account, I didn't have time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4746.42,4749.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to say this, I imagine that now you know 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all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4774.93,4779.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the members, including myself","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4779.11,4780.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because my own work points are 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out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4785.78,4789.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The worth of a work point, the value of a work point","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4789.61,4793.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is determined, not so much by what I'm doing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4793.47,4796.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but by what everybody else in the production team is doing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4796.7,4800.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If I've got a very close relationship to the other 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families,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4816.7,4819.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then any individual may not know other individuals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4819.53,4824.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within that larger group and feel that the 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incentives","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4851.97,4853.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so within these larger groups.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4853.99,4855.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the prior problem is to move the basic accounting 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notch.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4864.34,4867.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, if the production teams have great disparities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4867.11,4870.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"among them in income, one is very 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of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4876.45,4879.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these work points would be diluted by the poor performance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4879.7,4884.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the other teams within the brigade.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4884.67,4887.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so they would simply say no, they wouldn't do it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4887.09,4889.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if the industries owned by the brigade can","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4889.37,4893.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"be expanded over time, earn a large enough income to be used","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4893.81,4898.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to help the poorest ones along","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4898.67,4901.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and bring them all up reducing the disparities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4901.21,4905.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then that aspect of it is eliminated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4905.01,4907.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you can more easily get general agreement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4907.69,4910.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to move the basic accounting unit up a notch.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4910.42,4913.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's the type of mechanism that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4913.86,4915.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was trying to describe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4915.72,4917.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now I think that is in place and is being encouraged.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4918.58,4922.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that to me is a very encouraging sign that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4922.78,4927.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the authorities mean some business.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4927.95,4931.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Jean:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4934.833,4935.916"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Student 3:\u003c/strong\u003e Question about this, Dr. Sweezy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4936.811,4939.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you mentioned two lines (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4939.52,4941.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can you comment on that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4950.169,4952.512"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Jean:\u003c/strong\u003e It might help to repeat that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4952.512,4954.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Sweezy:\u003c/strong\u003e Well I had spoken of two lines within","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4954.92,4957.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the party and the question it says that (mumbles).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4957.64,4960.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The third line, the ultra leftists who are usually depicted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4963.282,4967.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as being quite destructive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4967.43,4969.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it's always very difficult to say exactly who was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4970.73,4975.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on which side of two lines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4976.43,4978.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No doubt there were extremist factions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4979.96,4984.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on both sides each claiming to be the perfect Maoist and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4985.93,4989.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the only true representative of the revolutionary position.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4992.02,4997.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So if you haven't read William Hinton's book called","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=4997.51,5002.167"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"The Hundred Days War\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5002.167,5004.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the Tsinghua university in Peking, the MIT of China,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5004.62,5009.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the insanity of some of the factionalism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5017.27,5022.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was really unbelievable and very hard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5022.53,5025.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make any sense out of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5025.21,5027.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But a lot of them were unarmed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5027.41,5030.753"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there was sort of altruism on all sides.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5030.753,5033.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And when the struggle heated up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5033.92,5035.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't really think you can speak of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5037.13,5040.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a third line different from, or not, let me put it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5040.047,5045.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this way, not related to one or the other of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5045.49,5049.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the basic lines I was talking about, which","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5049.1,5052.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I defined, over simplified of course, but as the Maoist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5053.99,5058.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Soviet riots, because objectively I think that most","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5058.91,5063.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the struggles were moving around those issues rather","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5063.94,5068.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than all about some third issue,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5071.17,5074.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which kind of the outer left certainly had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5074.34,5077.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at various times of the (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5078.89,5080.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Manichaeism is not foreign to the world socialist movement,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5088.82,5093.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I'm sure you know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5093.52,5095.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's always been a strong element of manichaeism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5095.3,5098.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it gets into the political struggles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5100.649,5104.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was in France in 1968, for example, it always was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5104.9,5108.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Latin countries and I think probably","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5108.53,5110.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was true in China as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5110.57,5113.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So one has to distinguish between particular struggles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5113.25,5118.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and particular factions and basic (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5118.757,5121.967"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the way I would try to answer the question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5123.21,5125.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Jean:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5128.07,5128.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Student 4:\u003c/strong\u003e Dr. Sweezy, (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5132.151,5136.818"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If so, how do you explain this anti-Soviet movement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5142.674,5146.924"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the part of China especially in the area of (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5149.099,5154.099"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"China is anti-MPLA (indistinct) how do you explain those?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5156.81,5161.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Sweezy:\u003c/strong\u003e Well we didn't get into the question","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5166.217,5168.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of China's foreign policy and I think the only mentioned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5168.2,5171.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of it was that that girl pointed out that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5171.08,5174.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was very considerable almost total identity continuity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5174.07,5179.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between the policies in knowledge period that leads","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5179.3,5184.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the last years of Mao's life,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5186.515,5188.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when he was presumably responsible for foreign policy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5192.02,5197.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as well as domestic and that of the post-Maoist regime.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5197.09,5202.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I agree entirely with that and I think that from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5203.48,5206.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my point of view this is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5210.14,5211.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an anti-socialist anti-communist foreign policy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5213.17,5217.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I don't give the Soviet Union any great credit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5217.68,5221.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for what it's done in particular circumstances where","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5221.01,5226.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as far as I can see is furthering","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5226.42,5228.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"its own interests vis-a-vis the other superpower, which is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5228.93,5232.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the United States and to a certain extent China as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5232.77,5237.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, in its stance in the horn of Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5238.95,5243.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think the Soviet policy towards Eritrea","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5243.86,5246.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is every bit as bad as the Chinese policy has been","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5246.46,5251.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in certain non African situations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5253.0,5255.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm afraid that there isn't any such thing as","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5257.325,5260.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a socialist foreign policy by anybody in the world today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5260.62,5265.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Socialism isn't that well developed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5265.08,5267.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These post revolutionary societies that are not only","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5268.37,5271.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they're nationalists but also that they have interests","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5274.38,5278.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to defend which often cross purposes are contradictory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5279.73,5284.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to those of revolutionary movements and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5286.99,5290.552"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in other countries and other parts of the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5290.552,5293.747"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I deplore this but it would be foolish","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5295.29,5298.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if I tried to deny its existence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5298.19,5300.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Jean:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5303.784,5304.992"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Student 5:\u003c/strong\u003e (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5304.992,5308.659"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Gurnley:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, there are data on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5343.49,5346.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the production part of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5346.92,5349.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I agree with Paul Sweezy now, I don't think","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5349.2,5353.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have any differences in that regard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5353.5,5356.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"During the cultural revolution, if you measure production by","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5358.32,5362.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the gross national product, the gross national product fell","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5362.56,5366.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for a year, for a year and a half, but not very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5366.5,5369.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It certainly wasn't disturbed as it was in 1960/61 after","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5370.92,5375.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the great leap forward.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5376.97,5378.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"From 1969 on, that is after the first frenetic wave was over","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5379.2,5384.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the cultural revolution, there were still aspects of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5385.44,5388.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a cultural revolution going on in the 1970s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5388.66,5391.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But after that first wave was really over with.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5391.97,5395.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"From 1969 up to Mao's death in 1976, China had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5395.1,5400.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a very very good economic record.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5401.75,5405.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was industrial production gain per annum","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5405.87,5410.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of about 11% agricultural gains at around 4% per annum.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5410.74,5415.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were some really good things being done with a move","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5417.59,5422.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from 1969, 1970 on, in an outward looking types of policies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5422.72,5427.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is in more trade","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5432.58,5436.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with other countries, especially with capitalist countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5436.35,5440.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A lot of technology, modern technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5441.872,5444.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was being imported from 1969 to 1976.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5444.58,5447.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is one of the reasons that I give for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5447.46,5450.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the basis of the conclusion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5452.38,5453.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there were many continuities between the Maoists,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5453.83,5456.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at least the last period of Mao's life","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5458.17,5463.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the post-Mao period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5463.693,5464.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I really don't have much quarrel within that area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5466.5,5470.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, I have no quarrel with Paul within that area","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5470.42,5472.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I do have quarrels within other areas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5472.84,5475.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is how the cultural revolution turned out on the whole.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5475.103,5480.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mao was very disappointed with it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5480.98,5483.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He expressed his disappointment many times in 1968, 1969","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5483.66,5488.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but things had really got in the way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5489.617,5492.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that faction fights just for faction fights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5492.46,5496.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People were abused, the educational system was dismantled,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5497.14,5502.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I certainly agree with Paul that the direction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5504.84,5509.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of intended change was a very good one","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5509.63,5513.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it wasn't put back together again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5513.8,5515.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was almost seven years later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5517.329,5521.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Much of that's also true within science and technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5521.37,5524.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and within certain areas of the economy too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5524.49,5529.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm sure we all have different views about culture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5529.72,5532.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, what involves, what shapes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5532.24,5536.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a good culture of a society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5536.58,5539.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But my own personal judgment is that the culture is better.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5539.35,5544.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The wider affair, richer affair being given","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5545.77,5548.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the Chinese, both in written literature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5548.72,5552.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and plays and ballets and music and whatnot that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5553.629,5558.629"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is all to be good and it was stolen from them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5559.22,5562.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah I find many things that went wrong with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5562.37,5566.608"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the cultural revolution and perhaps it's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5566.608,5569.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in some of those areas that we differ,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5569.2,5571.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but not in the economic area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5571.83,5573.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Jean:\u003c/strong\u003e Paul do you want to add anything to that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5575.89,5578.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You needn't (chuckles).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5578.04,5579.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Student 6:\u003c/strong\u003e (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5584.269,5587.852"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you would think that in the socialist country today","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5589.168,5592.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Russia and (indistinct),","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5592.37,5595.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there is a new kind of exploitation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5597.01,5599.964"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a new kind of (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5599.964,5603.631"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the Hungarian society for instance, (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5607.003,5610.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if we're taking into account (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5624.927,5629.927"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What is this new kind of exploitation?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5656.267,5659.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Who is it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5659.87,5660.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Gurnley:\u003c/strong\u003e Well this question is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5664.51,5666.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a very complicated set of problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5668.413,5670.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I don't propose to pretend to be able","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5670.93,5675.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to give a good answer to it in a few minutes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5675.97,5678.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would say it's not entirely","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5680.42,5682.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or even largely a matter of monetary income.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5682.17,5685.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This particular kind of a judgment comes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5690.04,5692.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from using capitalists standards to judge any other kind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5692.85,5697.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of society whether they happen to be capitalists or not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5698.1,5701.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a question of power really that's what","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5704.3,5706.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we mean by class, a ruling class.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5706.57,5709.707"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you maintain that, not that you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5711.11,5713.807"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I can have a debate here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5713.807,5715.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I know that because this is a rhetorical question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5715.34,5719.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but can you maintain, can one maintain","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5720.59,5723.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the ordinary workers in the Eastern European countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5723.65,5728.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I take the Soviet union as the oldest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5729.18,5733.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the best example, have any of your power over","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5733.283,5737.247"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their own work processes or over the disposition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5739.25,5743.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of their product, or is it not true","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5743.04,5746.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there is a concentration of power","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5746.74,5751.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a very limited segment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5751.18,5755.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the society, which is basically self reproducing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5755.53,5759.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It isn't really recruited from all elements of society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5759.07,5764.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe I'm wrong about this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5768.867,5770.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Student 6:\u003c/strong\u003e I think so, you are wrong.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5770.82,5771.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Gurnley:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, the Soviet Union too?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5771.72,5773.971"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Student 6:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know the Soviet Union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5773.971,5775.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Gurnley:\u003c/strong\u003e Well the Soviet Union in my opinion is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5775.5,5777.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the one that's important for China","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5777.41,5779.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and for the subject we're discussing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5779.81,5781.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now maybe let me admit Hungary and Poland maybe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5781.84,5785.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a totally different phenomena.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5785.18,5787.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In which case we would have to have another evening on that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5787.5,5790.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't want to get into it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5790.72,5792.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I really don't know much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5792.06,5793.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have spent quite a lot of time studying the Soviet Union","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5793.41,5796.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's the one I wanted to compare with China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5796.97,5799.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I'm a little afraid that if we get into Hungary too far","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5799.57,5803.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we may just pull the wool over our eyes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5803.65,5806.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or drag a red herring across the path.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5806.56,5809.491"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience mumbling)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5809.491,5812.412"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5812.412,5814.608"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Just say one word, just say the theoretical word.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5814.608,5816.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know, I can't really tell you about Hungary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5816.99,5820.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the theoretical word is that I think it's terribly hard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5822.863,5827.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to get at this question by asking yourself, which class has","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5827.69,5831.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the power and whether exploitation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5831.66,5833.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is going on, what form does it take?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5833.61,5837.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If it's true that the bourgeoisie is back","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5837.22,5842.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in power and there is something like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5842.89,5844.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a capitalist restoration then one would expect to see","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5844.99,5847.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the results of it in the business cycles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5847.59,5852.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that would be generated by that type of mode of production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5855.785,5860.785"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One would expect to see it in the wealth and poverty nexus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5862.47,5867.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One would expect to see it in other areas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5868.68,5871.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that Marx pointed out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5871.11,5872.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What was it called?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5872.36,5873.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is that chapter 25 of volume one of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5873.26,5875.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the capitalist accumulation process.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5877.26,5880.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Student 7:\u003c/strong\u003e Absolute law of capitalist accumulation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5880.29,5882.238"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Dr. Gurnley:\u003c/strong\u003e Absolute law of capitalist accumulation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=5882.238,5886.477"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29740/annotation/1491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/029/740/original/AV168089_Has_China_Lost_the_Road_to_Socialism_a.vtt?1624893623","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/029/740/original/AV168089_Has_China_Lost_the_Road_to_Socialism_a.vtt?1624893623"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29741","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV168089_Has_China_Lost_the_Road_to_Socialism_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427/transcript/29741/annotation/1492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- [Jean Adams] The Institute on World Affairs being held at Iowa state university. I'm Jean Adams from the department of economics. And it is my pleasure to introduce the two very distinguished speakers we have with us tonight and to moderate their debate. Yes. What do I need to do? This one? Can you hear me now? No. Good. What about now? Let me start over again. I'd like to welcome you to tonight's lecture which is part of a six day Institute on World Affairs being held here at Iowa state. I'm Jean Adams from the department of economics. And it is my pleasure to introduce the two very distinguished speakers we have with us tonight and to moderate their debate on the topic, \"Has China lost the road to socialism\". Before introducing our speakers I'd like to remind you of the events planned for tomorrow. At noon tomorrow in the pioneer room, the movie \"The Forbidden City\" will be shown. At three o'clock tomorrow in the pioneer room, Peggy Patrick will lecture on \"Art In China\". She has recently returned from a trip emphasizing our aspects of the Chinese system. At eight o'clock tomorrow in this room Gerald Tannenbaum will introduce the film \"Dr. Norman Bethune\", and discuss filmmaking in China. Tonight we have with us two gentlemen both of whom were here last year for the National Affairs Institute, when the topic of America's economic system was under discussion. Because of the enthusiasm they generated and some of the issues that were raised when they were here last year, we have asked them to come back tonight and discuss the specific topic before us. Our first speaker tonight will be John Gurley. Dr. Gurley is a well-known professor of economics at Stanford university. His association with Stanford has been a long and varied one. He did both his undergraduate and graduate work at Stanford and returned there as a professor of economics in 1961. He teaches courses in the principles of economics, Marxian and radical economics, the development of China and human biology, which is the study of the evolution of economic systems. Dr. Gurley has also taught at Princeton, The University of Maryland and at a Japanese university. In 1971, he received the first of a Stanford university award for excellence in teaching. Dr. Gurley has published a substantial body of work in the area of monetary theory. Dr. Gurley is well-known for his 1960 book, co-authored with Shaw and entitled \"Money in a Theory of Finance\". His other works, his other books specifically, include \"Challengers to Capitalism: Marx Lenin, and Mao\", which was published in 1976. And \"China's Economy and the Maoist Strategy\" published in 1976 by Monthly Review Press. In addition, he has written many scholarly articles. During his career, Dr. Gurley has been a senior fellow at the Brookings Institution, and from 1963 to 1968, he served as managing editor of the American Economic Review. Please join me in welcoming back to Iowa state university Dr. Gurley.\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Gurley] Jean, thank you very much for a generous introduction and accurate as to facts. Well, the question is, \"Has China lost the road to socialism?\" And in trying to answer that very difficult question, I want to present first several propositions about socialism in general, that will serve as my guidelines. First of all, a socialist path is one that through central planning and the public ownership of the means of production eliminates the capital accumulation process and its consequences. That is economic crises, the wealth-poverty poles and the capital export, imperialism imperative. And at the same time leads to communism that is in short to economic plenty and to a classless society. It's a path along which the working classes hold political power. My second proposition is that it is not likely that this path will be without twists and turns. Hence steady progress through socialism toward communism is not to be expected. Third proposition is that a society starting along the socialist path from an economically backward position must greatly emphasize the building up of its productive forces. Whereas the society starting along the socialist path from a very advanced economic position can afford to place more emphasis on achieving classlesness. In the first case, I guess in the backward countries case, there is danger of allowing capitalist class divisions to form. In the second case, the advanced country case, the problem is to overcome longstanding solid class divisions along capitalist lines. In each case, the socialist task is defying the method of pursuing both these goals simultaneously in such a way that the pursuit of one enhances the attainment of the other. That is, a policy task is to transform the goals from being substitutes for each other. That is these goals of economic plenty and classlessness. To transform those two goals from being substitutes or trade-offs to being compliments. Fourth, since socialism is, I think, subordinate to nationalism which is one of the most potent ideologies in the world, socialism takes on very strong national forms and therefore arises in abundant varieties. Fifth, although socialism exists in national forms it is also a global system in which each socialist nation plays a definite continuing role in socialism's worldwide expansion. Each socialist nation, therefore, is both a national model and a link in an international chain. And it may play an important even indispensable role in one or the other or in both or in neither. Sixth, the first several waves at socialism owing to the power of world capitalism arise only through violent upheavals. The last socialism's owing to the debility of the remnants of world capitalism arise through relatively mild means. Those socialisms in between owing the world Capitalisms continuing the waning strength are born in a variety of revolutionary and evolutionary ways. Though the national cultural traditions of a country swing the balance to one side or the other. Seventh, later socialisms have more options than earlier ones do regarding the paths through socialism toward communism. This wider field of maneuver comes from the accumulation of socialists experience over time and from the increasing protection offered to socialist nations the later they arise. Differing national and cultural traditions guarantee the use of this widening array of options by later socialist societies. And finally, as socialist States multiply they arise in increasingly multiform ways. They are shaped by increasingly different national and cultural traditions. They pursue increasingly varied paths of socialist development, and they provide increasingly diverse links in the international expansion of socialism. For these reasons, frictions grow among the socialist States as they expand the number leading to some fragmentation of world socialism. Now, those are the principles that I propose to serve as my guidelines in trying to answer the question, \"Has China lost the road to socialism?\" My answer to the question is that there are many roads through socialism towards a communist society. And I would just suspect that there's probably a variety of communist societies. That each road has many twists and turns and setbacks. And that the evidence that we have from China up to now on this issue is certainly not conclusive one way or the other. However, I'm going to take a stand on this. However, there are some reasons for believing that China is still on the socialist road. The evidence is that China's socialist institution still seem intact. Her mode of production is not generating the effluvia of capitalist production. And the working classes through the party do not appear to have lost political power. While I do not believe that all of this evidence is solid, it does seem to be weighted on the side of my conclusion. I would like now to consider the evidence in just a little bit more detail. First, China continues to use national planning and especially for the purpose of allocating the bulk of her resources and guiding her production from the allocation of those resources. The planning mechanism extends from Peking through the provinces, prefectures and counties and all the way to some extent but not to a great extent, all the way to some extent to the 50,000 communes. Not only agriculture but many of the small industries of communes and brigades are woven into the national planning fabric. The important industries above these levels are state enterprises managed either from the center or from local governmental units, and all are included in the planning mechanism. Almost all enterprises whether agricultural, industrial or commercial are either collectives or state enterprises. Throughout the countryside at the lowest levels, policies continued to be carried out to reduce economic disparities among teams, brigades, and so the move toward higher forms of socialism. On this last point, one bit of evidence regarding socialists intentions of the party is whether it is carrying out policies to raise the basic accounting unit in agriculture, from the teams to the production brigades and eventually to the communes. Now, while the evidence on this is mixed, it does suggest that socialism is moving forward. The party is strengthening and extending commune and brigade industries so that increasing shares of total income of these units come from such industrial and commercial activities and accrue to these units, not to the production teams. This permits the brigades and the communes to reduce disparities. At the same time the commune enterprises are linked closely to state enterprises at the county level which allows the state to promote growth in these areas and to lessen disparities among communes. You see, you have a structure the agricultural area of the counties where sort of basic planning takes place at the lowest political level. And then down to the 50,000 communes. There are approximately 2000 counties in China. So then you have on the average 25 communes in each one of these counties and within the communes are production brigades and production teams at the lowest level. Now the brigades themselves own and manage some industries which are being encouraged. The communes just above them do the same thing. The counties have their industries which are really state enterprises managed by the county. The ones below them are collective ownership. Now to the extent that those industries are thriving, encouraged, and thriving, they gain income. And that income can be used say by the brigade to reduce the disparities, income disparities, and other economic disparities of the production teams below them. In the same way, the communes income which accrues to the commune can be used to reduce the disparities among the brigades and the state enterprises can also get into the same structure to do the same thing with regard to the communes. So as income and resources of brigades grow, and as disparities are reduced among the teams, the opportunities increase for moving the basic accounting unit from the teams to the brigades, without unduly hurting the wealthier teams that its people then can operate as though they are members of a larger unit, a brigade rather than members of a team. And that has always been considered a step forward in socialism where one's fortunes are tied up not with a family, not with a dozen families but with a hundred families, and then on up until the means of production are owned by all the people. So these opportunities appear first at the brigade level, at the commune level, and so on up the planning structure. But that mechanism for greater socialization throughout the countryside require simultaneous effort at all levels. For if the brigades are to do their job in relation to their teams, they must be strengthened by the communes which for analogous reasons must be strengthened by the state enterprises one step up the ladder at the county level. This mechanism is still in place. And as much evidence indicates is actively being fostered and used by the planning authorities for the extension of socialism. This is rather good evidence that China's new leaders intend to press toward fuller socialism where it counts, among 80% of the country's population. Now second, there is no evidence as yet as the eye can see of a capital accumulation process in China. That is in Marxist sense of the term when he analyzed what capitalism was all about. If this process were underway, bureaucrats and enterprise managers would be forming a new class around the profits of enterprises. These profits would be guiding resource allocation through private markets that were usurping the planning mechanism. Business cycles would be underway. The new mode of production would be generating great wealth at one pole and an impoverished proletariat at the other. And in time surplus capital would be seeking exploitation opportunities abroad. The evidence that we have does not support any of these things. Therefore I conclude that this is further evidence that capitalism has not been restored in China. It is possible however that there has not been sufficient time for cycles to be generated, a reserve army of labor to be formed and so on. So some extra caution is needed here. But the current situation and whatever trends can be seen do not in my judgment suggest a capitalist restoration. Third, the problem of whether the working classes have lost political power is really the problem of whether the party now represents the bourgeoisie. I do not think that one can answer this by looking at the class backgrounds of the present leaders. The answer is best sought in the policies being carried out, and to a lesser extent in what is being said about them. As we all know China is embarking on all out modernization drive. The state and aim of which is to make China a modern and powerful socialist country by the end of this century. This policy and aim is certainly in keeping with socialism. However class struggles, which many believe are necessary to maintain the political power of the working classes, and eventually to establish a classless society have been demoted. A few years ago a central committee directive stated that large-scale turbulent class struggles of a mass character have in the main come to an end and Chairman Hua Guofeng has more recently repeated this. Basing himself on the notion that the old ruling classes no longer exist in China. However, he went on to say that since the influence of bourgeois and feudal ideologies continue, the class struggle itself must continue. So this does not rule out class struggles but it does rule out another cultural revolution carried out on the scale of that of 1966/69, which as we find out more about that giant upheaval, maybe all to the good. I put that in to challenge Paul Sweezy on this. Furthermore... I said Paul. Furthermore, Chairman Hua cautioned that during the all out drive for modernization China should follow the four basic principles which are to adhere first to the socialist rule, secondly to the dictatorship of the proletariat, thirdly to leadership by the party, and finally to Marxism, Leninism and Mao Tse-tung thought. While the depreciation of class struggles is the principle policy change, there are others. Enterprise managers have been given a stronger hand. Enterprise profits are now a more important indicator of efficiency. Material incentives for rural and urban workers have been strengthened. Worker discipline has been tightened. And trade and investment with the West has been expanded. My assessment is that these have been marginal changes which do not threaten the socialist system. They would look to be much more than that to anyone who has been misled into thinking that all of these moves are sudden total breaks from the past policies but they are not managerial responsibility as waxed and waned over the years. Moreover at the present time, the party, while strengthening managers is also promoting and extending worker participation within the factories in decision-making. As the profits, they have always been an indicator of performance. Now it should be noticed that they are still not an important indicator of resource allocation. Material incentives have dominated workers' lives throughout most of the socialist period. Worker discipline has been imposed periodically and trade with the West began in earnest almost 20 years ago. Investment with foreign equity in China is new but it is well under control and up to now amounts to practically nothing. All in all I do not believe that these policies do much to undermine socialists institutions or issue in a capitalist accumulation process with its attendant ills. Workers' interests are still strongly represented by the party. So in conclusion, that is my impression that China's economic base, including her social relations have been a lot more stable over the past decade or decade and a half than have the statements from successive Chinese leaders about that economic base. So it best to pay more attention to what China does and a bit less to what China says. Thank you.\r\n\r\n- [Jean] Our second speaker tonight is Dr. Paul Sweezy. After he has had a chance to present his views on the topics, then we will give time to each of our speakers to make any comments on the other's view. And then we'll open up to discussion and questions from the audience. Dr. Sweezy is one of the nation's most distinguished Marxist economists. He did his graduate work in economics at Harvard University where he received his PhD degree, and he also studied at the London School of Economics. During the 1930s, he returned to Harvard as a member of the faculty. He worked for various new deal agencies and during world war II, he served with the office of strategic services. In 1949, Dr. Sweezy founded \"The Monthly Review\" with Leo Huberman and he continues today as its co-editor. \"Monthly Review\" has been described as \"The most famous unknown magazine in America\". And is credited with keeping socialist thought alive in the United States through such trying times as the McCarthy period. In addition, Dr. Sweezy has authored and co-authored many books and articles. His book, \"The Theory of Capitalist Development\", published in 1942 is still today widely regarded in this and other countries as the best introduction to and summary of Marxian economic theory. Also very widely read is a book he co-authored in 1966 with the late Paul Baran and titled \"Monopoly capital: An Essay on the American Economic And Social Order\". Dr. Sweezy has just returned this week from a long series of lectures in Japan. Please join me in welcoming Dr. Sweezy back to the United States and back here.\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Sweezy] Thank you very much Jean, and it's very good to be back with all of you again, I enjoyed last year's opportunity although the weather was a little bit less clement last year, as I remember. It was about 15 below zero every day, and lots of snow on the ground. By comparison, this is like the tropics. Jack Gurley and I are really not going to have a debate because a great deal of what he said, I agree. In fact, putting his terms of reference, I don't think I could disagree. But I would stress other terms of reference as being rather than more important and also more interesting. It seems to me that the question is not at all whether China is restoring capitalism. I don't think that there's any evidence to that effect, but I also don't think the Soviet Union ever restored capitalism. And I think that the road that China and the Soviet union traveled during a considerable part of the period between the 1949 victory of the Chinese communist party and the death of Chairman Mao in 1975, the road that China traveled during that period in many important respects, differed from that which the Soviet Union traveled in that period. And indeed considerably before that period. And it seems to me that the most interesting question, and in the long run, the most important question is not whether capitalism is being restored, I think that's essentially a pseudo question. But whether China is persisting on a path different from, more original than, and in my opinion, more hopeful than, that which the Soviet Union has been traveling. Or whether it is now and particularly in the last three years, but not only in the last three years showing strong signs of following along in the same basic, not identical of course, basic path that the Soviet Union is moving in. Now I could put this in a sort of shorthand form by saying, is the course China now pursuing, is it Maoist or is it Soviet? Because there was unquestionably very strong differences between Maoist thought and the leaders of the Soviet union. And he expressed these differences in terms of quite sharp criticisms of Stalin's works and of the course adopted and followed by the Soviet Union in the 1950s. Now we have to understand that this is a struggle between two lines, as they put it in China, that is the one which is Maoist, and the other which I think can be reasonably described as Soviet which goes way back in the history of the Chinese revolution even before the accession to power in 1994, but most especially after that. And that there are periods of particularly acute struggle between these two lines, most notably that which is called the great leap forward in 1957 to 1960. And then of course the cultural revolution, which begins in 1966 and can be said, I guess, to last well anyway through 1969 or 70, but not to have pre existed in anything like its original strength or form during the last two or three years of Chairman Mao's life. These two lines have been not only particularly strongly represented and struggled over during periods of the great leap and the cultural illusion, but also in other periods. In fact, they've never been absent all together, I think. They've been present all along. And they have been associated with various leading figures, particularly Mao on the one side. And unfortunately there has never been another leader who has had anything like the prestige deserved as far as I can see the prestige of Mao. In fact his followers were, relatively speaking, rather I would say weak people that sparked I think a great problem of the whole Chinese system of governance. They don't seem to be able, and this is true of both sides in this struggle, to recruit new people and to give the new people the opportunity to develop themselves and to become original and creative leaders. Certainly it's true on Mao's side. And I think the other side which has been particularly strongly identified over the years with Liu Shaoqi and maybe that's not the way you pronounce it anymore, I don't know. Is that still right? I can't keep up with the spelling of the Chinese. And of course Deng Xiaoping who was always with Peng Zhen and many other- That I raise is as I said, not whether China is going capitalist or not and lost the road to socialism in that sense, but whether it has lost the peculiarly or is losing or is threatened with the loss of the peculiarly Maoist conception of the road to socialism. Which I think was enormously original and creative compared to anything that had happened in the Soviet Union. And whether it has lost that and is now beginning or well along the way or in some way or another following a road similar to that of the Soviet Union. And the evidence which Jack Gurley presents of a continuity in policy, and he's presented it by the way, in various written sources much more fully and with much more detail than he had time to do tonight. I especially recommend a very good piece he wrote in the, I think it was the spring/summer issue of \"The Stanford\" magazine on continuity and change and in China. And he has no real difficulty in showing that there is a very, very large degree of continuity through the period of Mao's death and the accession to power of the regime which followed Mao. But in my opinion, this is not very... It's evident but I don't find it very persuasive at length. I don't think that the real issue is whether China has continued to grow in terms of GNP, in terms of industrial production, in terms of agricultural production though less rapidly, for these things are all true. But I don't think these are the real issues that we ought to be looking For because as Jack says, Mao was in favor of these things too. There wasn't all that difference. That level between Mao's line and the line of Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping. I mean they both were in favor of modernization, of acquiring technology from the West, of increasing the forces of production, of increasing output of modernizing agriculture. One can find confined evidence of this throughout the whole period. And in this respect I totally agree with the thesis which Jack Gurley has been espousing. Though it seems to me that the real problem is the way the issues, which apparently divide these two camps have been treated by the new leadership compared to the way they were treated by Mao and his group before. The fact of the matter I believe is, and I think Jack Gurley provides plenty of very solid evidence, that there hasn't been any faltering essentially in the development process in China at any time. There have been changes in strategy in various ways, time of the great leap and the cultural revolution, but basically industrial production has continued to increase in probably the highest rates of any country in the world GNP has grown, agricultural production has kept ahead of the population increase and at no time has this not been so. CIA has plenty of figures of that kind, the Chinese themselves over the years have put out figures of that kind. But what do we find now? We find in the last couple of years, is an attempt to make out that China went through a period of stagnation which boarded on disaster during the cultural revolution. And I rub my eyes when I see this. I mean, I was in China in 1974, I gathered quite a lot of material, looked around, saw things. If China was on the verge of an economic collapse at that time, certainly the evidence was not only well hidden in terms of the figures they were giving out, but also well hidden in terms of the appearance of the country and the people of the country. There seems to be, in other words now, in the last couple of years, and I think it may be getting more vehement rather than less an effort to discredit everything that happened since about the beginning of the cultural revolution that was a reaction after the great leap forward. the anti-Maoist line came to the top and was in the ascendancy for a few years there. But after that, everything has been now judged to be bad. It's a failure. China was in a disastrous state. Something had to be done to rescue China from this imminent disaster. And at the same time, the effort runs toward rehabilitating everything that happened before the great leap forward. In other words, towards revising the policies and the ideology and the justification of policies which were in vogue in the early 1950s from '49 to the time of the great leap in 1957. Now that of course was precisely that period when China was consciously copying the Soviet model. There's no question about that. Mao was in favor of it too. China had to learn from, and there was nothing wrong with that, had to learn from the experience of the first socialist country. The first proletarian revolution. But after about six or seven years of that, it began to appear particularly to Mao, but also to much wider groups in China that this was not for China the right road, and that other things ought to be done which were not done in the Soviet Union. I'm not going to go into all the details, but for example just one example and a very important one, perhaps the most important one, there was to be no coercive collectivization of agriculture. That was perhaps the key event in the history of the Soviet Union, was the forced collectivization from about 1928 to 1932. And in various other ways, which culminated in the great leap forward, China was to adopt quite basically different policies from those which the Soviet Union had pursued. And this has a million different facets. The form which I think ideological form, which it took, which Jack Gurley has already mentioned was the primacy given to class struggle in the Chinese version. That class struggle not only was not to be against the development of productive forces, but was to be in tandem with and furthering the development of productive forces. And what was meant by class struggle, well, many things, but not only a struggle against the old ideas against the defeated classes in China, say the old bourgeoisie and the feudal classes, the landlord classes, but also a struggle against new class elements in the bureaucracy, in the management structure, among the intellectuals, new elites which were growing up all over the society in which Mao always considered to be a profound threat to the development of a generally mixed socialist course. I think there can be no question about that. He once said to Andre... What's the name of the French... Can't hear? Anyway... He was then the French minister of culture. He was an old leftist who- Malraux, of course, of course. Andre Malraux of course. Mao once said to Andre Malraux that humanity left to itself does not tend to recreate capitalism but it does tend to recreate inequality. And then he added the tendency to the formation of new social classes is very strong. I think this was close to his most inner conviction all along from the very beginning. And I think that this was the basis of his most fundamental critique of the Soviet union, of the Stalinist regime and where it was leading. Now, if we look at where the Soviet Union is today or where it says it is today, we find that they have developed a quite clearly articulated theory of the nature of Soviet society. It is said to be a society of advanced socialism. Now, what is advance socialism in this view? It is a society of three social, not classes but three social elements. Two of them classes, one of them is stratum. The two classes are the working class and the peasantry and the stratum is the intelligentsia. Now they are not antagonistic in any way. They are all in harmonious- Their interests are harmonious. They can work together and they do work together so that the class struggle has been eliminated. What then is it that drives this society forward? If there's no class struggle, which after all as most of you know, I think was said to be the motive force of history and classical Marxism and was supposed to be the motive force of history right up until the achievement of the communist society, the future. Not to be eliminated by socialism not at all. And in this respect, Mao reflects classical Marxist thought, very faithfully. Now the Soviet answer to this question now is this, what drives this society, this harmonious society of advanced socialism forward is what they call the scientific and technological revolution. And of course, who are the carriers of the scientific and technological revolution? Intelligentsia of course. So that really the dominant progressive force and advanced socialism Soviet style has become not the working class, certainly not the peasantry but the intelligentsia which is a bearer of the scientific and social and technological revolution. And this is supposed to drive Soviet society forward to the ultimate triumph of communism. Well, I can't tell you how totally, totally contradictory to Marxism this idea is. It is just totally out of keeping with anything that marks or angles of classical Marxism or Lennon ever held. And I believe from what I have seen, although I can't prove it, this is certainly an area where we could have a debate if Jack believes differently. Maybe he can convince me, I don't know. I think that the Chinese are moving exactly the same direction. They're now soft pedaling the class struggle. It's pretty much out, except as a struggle against the remnants of the old, not a struggle against this new class in formation which by the way, I don't think it has to be a capitalist class at all, because I don't believe the Soviet Union is a capitalist country. So I think it's a new exploiting class which has grown up under the conditions of the revolution and can grow up in any post-revolutionary society if it is not combated effectively, continuously and over a long, long period of time. Now, I think Mao's ideas are very consistent with classical Marxism. In fact, I think they are the most advanced and articulate formulation of the ideas of classical Marxism on the problem of the class struggle and the driving forces of society in the post-revolutionary period. In the original Marxist idea, I should go on to say, and then I think I'm overstepping my limits already. Socialism is not a mode of production or a social formation. It is a transitional stage between capitalism and communism. Now you may say communism is a utopia way off there in the very distant future. And perhaps that's correct. I'm not sure, certainly there's no empirical evidence yet of the appearance of communism, and it doesn't look like it's going to happen when anybody here in this room is still alive. Nevertheless, that is the idea of classical Marxism and of Mao Zedong, and nobody expected that transition to be short. It was to be a long, long historical epoch. And Mao on various occasions even said that they would have to be not one cultural revolution, but many cultural revolutions, many struggles, which would take even violent forms before the period of socialism, which was one of transition, one with elements of both capitalism and bourgeois society and communism and communist society mixed into it before one or the other of those two elements would be victorious. Now Mao in my opinion, like the Soviet theorists and most Marxists, but not all, was deficient in seeing that, in not seeing rather, that another kind of society was possible post-revolutionary, which was a new class formation and one where, what Mao called the three differences between mental and manual labor between city and country and between agriculture and industry. Those three differences would be not only not eliminated, but would be in some respect actually intensified. Now Mao's whole thought was that the essence of the struggle for communism was to overcome these three differences. In other words, to overcome inequality, not only in appealing income or monetary sense, but in terms of real situation as human beings. And I think that the Chinese now give every evidence of giving up What Mao considered the essence of the struggle to eliminate the three differences, giving up the primacy of the class struggle and trying to divert it into a struggle against old ideas and old prejudices and giving up the notion of a genuinely democratic society in which the masses would control the party and not simply be represented by or have the party as their agent. Those are to be sure signs if there are there which are not very well developed yet. China compared to the Russians, hasn't gone very far along this path. And I don't believe that it will go the whole way that the Russians have gone up to now without very severe struggles. I think there'll be many more of them. I don't believe they're over by any means. I think the idea which Deng Xiaoping and Hua Guofeng and so on believe that they're onto a good course of harmonious modernization is an illusion. I think they're interest in various severe struggles in the next 20 years or so, the period by which they hope to have achieved a thoroughly modernized socialist society, socialism being determined or defined in their own way. Now I wouldn't call that socialism. I am a sort of a fundamentalist Marxist, I guess in some respects, not alone by any means but in some respect and so I think social socialism has to be seen as a transition, not as a form of society and something that's going to occupy a long long period of time. I'm not by any means pessimistic that the Chinese will refine that road, but I think right now there is very clear evidence that the present leadership, those in control now are trying to develop a set of policies and an ideology which will put China on a road similar to, and justify that road similar to that which the Soviet Union has been following for a long time. Thank you.\r\n\r\n- [Jean] Now we'll have some comments on that from Dr. Gurley.\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Gurley] Just a few brief comments, much of that I certainly agree with. The question that was given to me to address, \"Has China lost the road to socialism?\" I took that seriously. Paul says, this is the wrong question. He may be right. I think that his question is certainly an excellent one, whether the path that China's taking is the same or different from that of the Soviet Union. I tried to point out that Mao did make a definite contribution to finding a path through what Paul calls the transitions, socialism toward a communist society. And that contribution was in trying to find a way to make production goals and the search for a classless society compatible one with the other as I expressed it a way of pursuing one goal and at the same time enhancing the attainment of the other. Now Mao's own theory about this was fairly well-developed I believe. There were many slogans on it such as \"carry out class struggle and promote production\". And that expresses exactly what I'm trying to say that both those things in his view could be carried out at the same time and not just side by side but if carried out in the correct way, one would enhance the attainment of the other. Mao felt that that if one carried out class struggles in the correct way, that it would enlist enthusiasm, it would suggest goals that were beyond the immediate needs of the individuals beyond the material needs of the individuals, goals that were lofty ones and could in time elicit not only the enthusiasm but the full participation of people in trying to achieve them. And this in itself would promote the production process. And if the production process were promoted that that then would put the society materially on a higher plane, which will enable it more easily to develop still higher forms of socialists institutions that could in turn reinforce the goals and the pursuit of those goals that came under class struggles. And it was that combination, that trade-off the complementarity of the two things that I considered to be Mao's main contribution to moving through this transition period. And it is missing, as Paul says, it is certainly missing in the present environment in China. But the problem really is how to interpret that. Now, if you think, and I don't believe Paul does believe this, that there was nothing wrong in the actual carrying out by Mao of this vision, of how to move through socialism toward communism if the cultural revolution turned out all right, the great leap forward turned out all right, well then it is a puzzle as to why the present leaders aren't pursuing this course. But if you think as I do that this is a very difficult problem, and Mao had not many years to feel his way and to experiment and even not many opportunities to carry out experiments along these lines. And that these experiments did not turn out perfectly by any means. That there were decided failures with the great leap. There were decided failures within the cultural revolution. There were setbacks at the end of the cultural revolution, in education, as well as in some areas of economics and people were injured. They were physically injured and psychologically injured by much that went on during the cultural revolution. Now if you think of the policies, the results of the policies and those terms, then you can see some reason why these present policies may represent a temporary setback to those why it's almost necessary to now concentrate on building up the productive forces of the society. And perhaps later on with class struggles still in mind, experimenting further, along the Maoist lines. Now, I don't know whether present leaders have that in mind or not. It may well be that Paul is correct in his assessment that they are going away from classical Marxism or as I really would say the Maoists version of that because I think Mao went beyond classical Marxism and finding a practical way, or at least attempting to find a practical way through socialism toward communism. So it's a question of whether this is a temporary setback or a shift in policies after a series of successful ones had been carried on by Mao and his followers. I tend to think it's the former and Paul seems to stress a little bit more of the latter. Thank you.\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Sweezy] Yeah, I think now we're getting to the nub of the problem. Of course the great leap forward, I mean the cultural revolution and also the great leap forward were far from perfect performances which achieved all their ends or anything like that. There were of course, very bitter struggles which had very little to do with the realization or achievement of any of the ends which Mao and the other theorists had in mind when they not only... Perhaps longed to say launched the cultural revolution, but at least encouraged it at a time when Liu Shaoqi and the others would have squashed it right then and there I think there's no doubt about it, that's what they would have done. Mao said, no you've got to let the masses have their head, let them find out their own way. And he had said, slogans is justified to rebel and bombard the headquarters which was all really an attack on the party. It was an attack on the party's structure and on the party leadership. And of course it led to a lot of very unpleasant business. Obviously So Mao once said revolution, isn't a tea party. And it was a real revolution. And I don't think we have any idea really those of us who only are reliant on what we're told by the Chinese people we can come in contact with and what we can read. I don't think we really have any idea how profound the bitterness and the difficulties and the struggles were. I got a little bit of a feeling of it from some things I've read by an Italian sinologist, a woman by the name of Edoarda Masi who happened to be... She's been a sinologist for a long while. And she happened to be teaching in China both before the cultural revolution, and she went back in 1977 and taught again. And some of her perceptions of what happened in the cultural revolution are really very disturbing. That kind of a struggle can lead to really very distressing and potentially disastrous consequences. And I think that that is a very large part of the reason why the... I don't say it's the reason why Mao's policies were revised and to a considerable extent abandoned after his death, I think that would have happened anyway. But it was a large part of the reason why many people were relieved and welcomed the change because the tensions and the bitterness the cultural revolution period, the struggles let loose in that period were really threatening to a large part of the Chinese population. But Masi also has some of the other side to the picture during the cultural revolution, educational policies were changed and entrance into the universities was no longer by strict examination and by cultural attainment and basically that means class origin. But we're on political grounds, and that of course leads to a great many abuses, no question. But she was teaching in a high school and she depicts what happens when once again, the exam system comes in. I'd just been in Japan for a month. Believe me, that exam system is one of the horrors of the world. Every small Japanese child from the word go is trained to realize that your life is going to be determined by a certain number of examinations. If you . For life, you're going into the higher echelons of the corporate and the government world. If you fail, if your family is rich enough they can still send you to a private university and you'll do all right. But if you're poor and you fail out at that stage, you're finished, you're going to be nothing the rest of your life except ordinary small working man and you're not going up into any higher echelons. There's no way up after that point. Now that seems to be the kind of thing which they're thinking in terms of and it's got a long, long tradition in Chinese history. It's a Confucian tradition that the examination system. That was a big part of the detonator of the cultural revolution, there was a revolt against that kind of a system. I don't think they solved it. I don't think the cultural revolution solved it. I don't think Mao had solutions for it either. These are really very profound problems, very profound conflicts. There's no easy way out. And what distresses me is the way the post-Maoist leadership handled them. Did they go in for a serious discussion and criticism of what was done, what was done right and what was done wrong? No, not at all. They invented these fairytales about the gang of four. All kinds of incredible nonsense has been put forward, I think anybody has to admit that. But no serious analysis of what went wrong, no summoning the masses to a discussion of the problems and the mistakes which were made. No questioning of the whole... It all became black and white, that was a bad period. Even to the point of denying the things that weren't so bad. The production and the growth policies were pretty good during the cultural revolution, considering the severity of the struggles that went on. That's what bothers me. I think this group in power now is not by any means a bunch of communists. They came up out of the communist party, of course. I think they are representatives of a new ruling class in nascendi, in the process of being born. And they represent that class and they mean to impose that kind of a society on China. Now, if that has to be overcome it's not going to be through their Goodwill. It's going to be because the masses of Chinese who are still down at the bottom, the peasants and the workers, believe me, they're better off than they were before the revolution, but it's no picnic. They are very poor still. And if they are going to continue on a path which is going to lead them to power and that's not an easy concept but I think it's not a meaningless one either. Then they've got to struggle and do it themselves. That's the problem, which seems to me to be at the heart of the present historical junction in China.\r\n\r\n- [Jean] Okay we are now ready for some questions from the audience. May I please ask that you try to keep your questions short and to the point so that we can cover as many as possible without going on for too long of a time. Do we have some questions you can direct them to either both of the speakers or to just one of them.\r\n\r\n- [Student 1] What aspects of the recruitment process broke down so that the Maoist line kind of wasn't able to replenish itself? I think you mentioned that as a problem. Can you identify anything that caused that to break down? Either of you.\r\n\r\n- [Jean] You have two mics, .\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Sweezy] You go ahead, you wanna go? I wish I could answer the question, I think it's a very good question. Why was it that Mao wasn't able to develop some kind of a movement, support, organized support which would enable his line in the two lines struggle to survive his death? And I really don't know the answer. I think there were plenty of signs that the gang of four who were made scapegoats for so much were not particularly talented Maoists and didn't work, weren't especially good politicians either. Mao, of course always knew when to compromise. He was a master compromiser, and you have to be, if you're in politics. And they didn't seem to have that skill at all. And of course, I think that the party cadres on the whole who were pretty badly mauled around in the cultural revolution, nevertheless for the most part did survive. And just baited their time and really were in control. And I don't think in retrospect, although I didn't see it at the time, I admit that. In retrospect, I think probably that particular cultural revolution never had a chance. That the cards were very strongly stacked against it. But I don't think that deprives it of its historical importance, not only in China but also for the world socialist movements. I think it's an achievement, a level of understanding which has been reached and can never be lost now. And I believe that every new revolution and I'm not talking about one like the Iranian revolution, which obviously never had a real revolutionary leadership developed to the point where it could get out of the mess in which Iran was mired. Never had a meaningful program to tackle those problems. But I think a revolution in a country... Well let's take a very simple case and a very backward case too, Mozambique for example. They are very aware of all these issues that have been fought out in the Chinese cultural revolution. And that said, Mozambique and China are not only thousands of miles away geographically but in time and every other way, culturally and civilization and so on, are two different worlds. And yet that experience, China's attempt to break with the Soviet model and go on what I would consider a more genuinely socialist course, that experience can never be wiped out now. And I think future revolutions will take up from there and go ahead. And I think it will happen in China too, but after what kind of struggles, I don't know. The thing that I feel the most is that some kind of a real Stalinist kind of regime may at some stage be clamped down and further political development will be made almost impossible as it was in a civil union with Stalin's purges and the total change in the political power structure in the late twenties and especially in the mid thirties would be wiping out of the old party, the old . I just say I fear this. I don't think any of us know what's going on in the younger levels of Chinese society, really. We get some lurid pictures of youth gangs and robbery and whatnot, and the bourgeois press in big cities and probably that's true. But what's going on in the countryside among young people in the lower levels of the political people who are running the country, younger people, I haven't seen anything that really conveys to me to believe in those pictures So I don't know where .\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Gurley] Let me just say that I think that many of Mao's policies that did survive the ones concerning economic production, many of them on foreign trade and foreign policy certainly has survived almost intact. The key one, however that we're addressing ourselves too is the one involving the combination of class struggles and production, that did not survive at the leadership level. Nobody knows how much it has survived below that. It may have a real survival of Elliott, but among many of the people of China. There is one other aspect to this, is the question of why Mao brought Deng Xiaoping back in into power because he apparently is the person not carrying out this key aspect. And perhaps does not believe in this key aspect of Mao's program. Now, I don't know that probably has a lot to do with the Mao's deep enmity of the Soviet Union because Deng Xiaoping had proved himself over the years to be as anti-Soviet as Mao, and there was a key point around 1973 once it was Mao felt that the military needed to be shaken up and it would be a good idea to bring Deng back just from an anti-Soviet point of view. It may be that that deepest conviction of Mao about the Soviet union got in the way actually of some domestic programs that might have been carried out by other leaders.\r\n\r\n- [Jean] Questions, yes.\r\n\r\n- [Student 2] Dr. Gurley, . You elaborated different institutional levels in which that sort of articulated from the worker team to production teams up. The question I'd like to ask is what is the character of the relationship between those institutions that you see, that would lead this for institutional layers to move forward, to continue to move forward to socialist alternatives as opposed to becoming a mechanism whereby a centralized bureaucracy could move back down to that network and permanently the social and production relations from the top down.\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Gurnley] Well, I think the mechanism is one of reducing the income disparities among the units at one level, as production teams or brigades. You see if they're a basic account, I didn't have time to say this, I imagine that now you know it. A basic accounting unit means that one's income is determined by the work done by that particular group. Now production team may consist of 20 families, 30 families or something like that. My income as a member of that production team is determined by the amount of work done by all the members, including myself because my own work points are divided into the total product that all of the members of the production team turn out. The worth of a work point, the value of a work point is determined, not so much by what I'm doing, but by what everybody else in the production team is doing. If I've got a very close relationship to the other members of the group, I continue to work hard within the group. Now, if you move the basic accounting unit up a notch to a much larger group let's say consisting of 200 or 300 families, then any individual may not know other individuals within that larger group and feel that the group is now so large that he or she can reduce one's effort without reducing the value of one's work points. I mean, let the other thousand people work hard and your work points then will be worth a lot. And the problem is to gain larger groups, but maintain the work incentives so within these larger groups. But the prior problem is to move the basic accounting unit, to get people to agree to move the basic accounting unit up a notch. Now, if the production teams have great disparities among them in income, one is very wealthy and one is very poor, the wealthy one is not going to agree to it because it's on the value then of these work points would be diluted by the poor performance of the other teams within the brigade. And so they would simply say no, they wouldn't do it. But if the industries owned by the brigade can be expanded over time, earn a large enough income to be used to help the poorest ones along and bring them all up reducing the disparities, then that aspect of it is eliminated and you can more easily get general agreement to move the basic accounting unit up a notch. And that's the type of mechanism that I was trying to describe. Now I think that is in place and is being encouraged. And that to me is a very encouraging sign that the authorities mean some business.\r\n\r\n- [Jean] Yes.\r\n\r\n- [Student 3] Question about this, Dr. Sweezy you mentioned two lines . Can you comment on that?\r\n\r\n- [Jean] It might help to repeat that.\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Sweezy] Well I had spoken of two lines within the party and the question it says that . The third line, the ultra leftists who are usually depicted as being quite destructive. I think it's always very difficult to say exactly who was on which side of two lines. No doubt there were extremist factions on both sides each claiming to be the perfect Maoist and the only true representative of the revolutionary position. So if you haven't read William Hinton's book called \"The Hundred Days War\", at the Tsinghua university in Peking, the MIT of China, that the insanity of some of the factionalism was really unbelievable and very hard to make any sense out of. But a lot of them were unarmed and there was sort of altruism on all sides. And when the struggle heated up I don't really think you can speak of a third line different from, or not, let me put it this way, not related to one or the other of the basic lines I was talking about, which I defined, over simplified of course, but as the Maoist of the Soviet riots, because objectively I think that most of the struggles were moving around those issues rather than all about some third issue, which kind of the outer left certainly had at various times of the . Manichaeism is not foreign to the world socialist movement, as I'm sure you know. There's always been a strong element of manichaeism and it gets into the political struggles. It was in France in 1968, for example, it always was in the Latin countries and I think probably that was true in China as well. So one has to distinguish between particular struggles and particular factions and basic . That's the way I would try to answer the question.\r\n\r\n- [Jean] Yes.\r\n\r\n- [Student 4] Dr. Sweezy, . If so, how do you explain this anti-Soviet movement on the part of China especially in the area of . China is anti-MPLA how do you explain those?\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Sweezy] Well we didn't get into the question of China's foreign policy and I think the only mentioned of it was that that girl pointed out that it was very considerable almost total identity continuity between the policies in knowledge period that leads to the last years of Mao's life, when he was presumably responsible for foreign policy as well as domestic and that of the post-Maoist regime. And I agree entirely with that and I think that from my point of view this is an anti-socialist anti-communist foreign policy but I don't give the Soviet Union any great credit for what it's done in particular circumstances where as far as I can see is furthering its own interests vis-a-vis the other superpower, which is the United States and to a certain extent China as well. For example, in its stance in the horn of Africa, I think the Soviet policy towards Eritrea is every bit as bad as the Chinese policy has been in certain non African situations. I'm afraid that there isn't any such thing as a socialist foreign policy by anybody in the world today. Socialism isn't that well developed. These post revolutionary societies that are not only that they're nationalists but also that they have interests to defend which often cross purposes are contradictory to those of revolutionary movements and in other countries and other parts of the world. I deplore this but it would be foolish if I tried to deny its existence.\r\n\r\n- [Jean] Yes.\r\n\r\n- [Student 5] .\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Gurnley] Yeah, there are data on the production part of it. And I agree with Paul Sweezy now, I don't think we have any differences in that regard. During the cultural revolution, if you measure production by the gross national product, the gross national product fell for a year, for a year and a half, but not very much. It certainly wasn't disturbed as it was in 1960/61 after the great leap forward. From 1969 on, that is after the first frenetic wave was over of the cultural revolution, there were still aspects of a cultural revolution going on in the 1970s. But after that first wave was really over with. From 1969 up to Mao's death in 1976, China had a very very good economic record. It was industrial production gain per annum of about 11% agricultural gains at around 4% per annum. There were some really good things being done with a move from 1969, 1970 on, in an outward looking types of policies. That is in more trade with other countries, especially with capitalist countries. A lot of technology, modern technology was being imported from 1969 to 1976. This is one of the reasons that I give for the basis of the conclusion that there were many continuities between the Maoists, at least the last period of Mao's life and the post-Mao period. So I really don't have much quarrel within that area. In fact, I have no quarrel with Paul within that area but I do have quarrels within other areas. That is how the cultural revolution turned out on the whole. Mao was very disappointed with it. He expressed his disappointment many times in 1968, 1969 but things had really got in the way that faction fights just for faction fights. People were abused, the educational system was dismantled, and I certainly agree with Paul that the direction of intended change was a very good one but it wasn't put back together again. That was almost seven years later. Much of that's also true within science and technology and within certain areas of the economy too. I'm sure we all have different views about culture. You know, what involves, what shapes a good culture of a society. But my own personal judgment is that the culture is better. The wider affair, richer affair being given to the Chinese, both in written literature and plays and ballets and music and whatnot that this is all to be good and it was stolen from them. Yeah I find many things that went wrong with the cultural revolution and perhaps it's in some of those areas that we differ, but not in the economic area.\r\n\r\n- [Jean] Paul do you want to add anything to that? You needn't . you would think that in the socialist country today in Russia and , there is a new kind of exploitation, a new kind of . In the Hungarian society for instance, . And if we're taking into account . What is this new kind of exploitation? Who is it?\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Gurnley] Well this question is a very complicated set of problems. And I don't propose to pretend to be able to give a good answer to it in a few minutes. I would say it's not entirely or even largely a matter of monetary income. This particular kind of a judgment comes from using capitalists standards to judge any other kind of society whether they happen to be capitalists or not. It's a question of power really that's what we mean by class, a ruling class. Do you maintain that, not that you and I can have a debate here. I know that because this is a rhetorical question, but can you maintain, can one maintain that the ordinary workers in the Eastern European countries and I take the Soviet union as the oldest and the best example, have any of your power over their own work processes or over the disposition of their product, or is it not true that there is a concentration of power in a very limited segment of the society, which is basically self reproducing. It isn't really recruited from all elements of society. Maybe I'm wrong about this.\r\n\r\n- [Student 6] I think so, you are wrong.\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Gurnley] Yeah, the Soviet Union too?\r\n\r\n- [Student 6] I don't know the Soviet Union.\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Gurnley] Well the Soviet Union in my opinion is the one that's important for China and for the subject we're discussing. Now maybe let me admit Hungary and Poland maybe a totally different phenomena. In which case we would have to have another evening on that. I don't want to get into it because I really don't know much. I have spent quite a lot of time studying the Soviet Union and that's the one I wanted to compare with China. So I'm a little afraid that if we get into Hungary too far we may just pull the wool over our eyes, or drag a red herring across the path. Just say one word, just say the theoretical word. I don't know, I can't really tell you about Hungary. But the theoretical word is that I think it's terribly hard to get at this question by asking yourself, which class has the power and whether exploitation is going on, what form does it take? If it's true that the bourgeoisie is back in power and there is something like a capitalist restoration then one would expect to see the results of it in the business cycles that would be generated by that type of mode of production. One would expect to see it in the wealth and poverty nexus. One would expect to see it in other areas that Marx pointed out. What was it called? Is that chapter 25 of volume one of the capitalist accumulation process.\r\n\r\n- [Student 7] Absolute law of capitalist accumulation.\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Gurnley] Absolute law of capitalist accumulation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45469/file/118427#t=0.0,5888.76"}]}]}]}