{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/g15t72817c/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Hutchings, Raymond, Petroleum Supplies"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Petroleum Supplies. Iowa State University Lecture Series (RS 8/6/53). Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["There are no restrictions on access. (access)","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. 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For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Iowa State University"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Iowa State University"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/118/471/small/lecture.png?1624894845","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 2 - AV168186_Petroleum_Supplies_a.mp3"]},"duration":1953.33225,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/118/471/small/lecture.png?1624894845","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/118/471/original/AV168186_Petroleum_Supplies_a.mp3?1624894845","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1953.33225,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV168186_Petroleum_Supplies_a.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Moderator:\u003c/strong\u003e And he will be talking about ... Let's see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=11.2,16.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dick Clark Will be talking about human rights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=18.6,21.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"versus realpolitik.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=21.17,22.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Dick Clark of course is our former Senator from Iowa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=23.62,26.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But now I'd like to introduce Dr. Raymond 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Cambridge,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=36.45,41.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and his PhD from London university.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=41.11,43.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"During 1957 to 1959,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=44.9,48.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he was the second secretary of the British embassy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=48.51,52.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over in Moscow.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=52.38,55.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he has taught at several universities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=57.23,59.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"here in the United 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tour","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=63.87,66.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"here in the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=66.28,67.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He is an expert on the Soviet Navy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=67.9,70.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he has just given at one o'clock,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=70.3,72.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a speech to the midshipmen","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=72.97,75.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"here at Iowa State University.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=75.71,78.788"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is the first time he ha spoken in Iowa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=78.788,82.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is the second lecture here today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=82.32,85.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So will you please join me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=85.31,86.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in welcoming Dr. Raymond Hutchings?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=86.5,88.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience 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talk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=100.416,104.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've given in Iowa since one was given two hours ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=104.44,107.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But anyway it's the second and I'm delighted to add Iowa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=107.66,110.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the list of States where I have given talks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=110.84,112.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the United 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...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=123.9,124.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have to deal with a very big subject today","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=127.7,130.227"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'm going to plunge straight into it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=131.74,135.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The official title is Western Petroleum Supplies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=136.858,140.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"National Policies and Strategic 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problem,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=148.08,152.256"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both the general oil supplies situation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=152.256,155.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the strategic 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me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=193.94,195.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make short range predictions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=195.26,197.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They are particularly difficult","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=198.84,199.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to incorporate in general talk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=199.69,202.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By petroleum I mean about oil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=202.23,205.417"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And natural gas is often found with oil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=205.417,209.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Itself is an extremely important fuel","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=209.27,211.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and one of growing importance in a number of countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=211.27,213.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and especially important here in the US,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=213.7,215.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which has long relied on natural gas extensively","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=216.8,219.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the dynamics of its development","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=219.7,221.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the conditions in which it's used,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=221.33,225.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"while different from those of oil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=225.73,226.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would need a separate talk to expound.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=226.97,229.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I'm going to concentrate above all on oil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=229.04,233.619"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course, I'm focusing on Western suppliers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=233.619,237.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't mean to suggest that suppliers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=237.07,238.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the rest of the world, including the Eastern block,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=238.98,240.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"third world are unimportant or unworthy of attention","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=240.97,244.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the third world may get its due treatment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=244.72,247.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"later or perhaps has already done so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=247.54,250.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's all arguable too that certain Western countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=251.99,255.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including the United States, perhaps the West as a whole","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=256.104,259.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"makes excessive demands on global petroleum suppliers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=259.86,262.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Though that is too not a simple question to resolve.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=262.99,266.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I should allude again to that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=266.21,267.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when speaking about possible economies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=267.83,270.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When discussing international affairs it's wise to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=271.42,274.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"try to put the matters in a historical context","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=274.43,277.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which I shall seek to do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=277.67,279.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And also in general economic perspective,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=279.04,281.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and later in a strategic one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=282.71,284.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Petroleum is used across for a number of purposes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=284.53,287.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including lubrication, but above all,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=288.64,290.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's a branch of energy supplies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=290.73,293.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's also raw material which normally needs to be refined","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=293.26,297.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into various grades for specific purposes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=297.03,301.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gasoline, high octane fuel for aircraft, and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=301.01,304.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So to produce usable grades of petroleum,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=305.49,307.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"demands an enormous investment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=307.66,309.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, I'm not gonna talk about that today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=309.99,312.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm going to assume that this manufacturing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=312.44,314.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"refining capacity is available.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=314.96,317.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"While concern with the availability of raw materials","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=319.78,322.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"goes back I suppose, as far as history itself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=322.98,325.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Even in ancient times, trade routes stretched over","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=328.28,330.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"considerable distances, exceptional circumstances,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=330.85,333.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they were subject to interruption.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=333.93,336.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The old city of Novgorod, in Northern Russia","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=336.23,339.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which has been excavated lately,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=339.03,340.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they found underneath the medieval ruins,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=340.16,342.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a lot of Walnut shells. They're not grown locally","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=342.44,345.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these came from what we now call the Middle East","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=345.46,347.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the Balkans, and when the Mongol invasion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=347.54,351.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stripped across Southern Russia in the 13th century","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=351.11,354.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the trade is interrupted. And so we don't find Walnut shells","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=354.43,357.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the layers of excavation later from that point,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=357.33,360.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until much 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depleted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=825.4,829.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will not allow them to survive the next century.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=829.95,833.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I dare say, the movie this 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materials","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=842.96,846.784"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and fossil fuels.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=846.784,848.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what's special about today's situation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=849.65,851.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and why is it justifiable to regard oil as a special case?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=851.82,854.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, the reason is because of the recent,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=855.96,858.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and very unfavorable trend of discovery","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=858.81,861.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in relation to extraction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=861.28,863.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now people have cried wolf before,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=865.87,868.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when it looked as if oil supplies were going to be depleted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=868.94,872.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they were proved wrong","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=872.05,873.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because fresh discoveries came 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discovered","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=888.28,891.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and will again banish the fear of depletion of supplies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=891.55,894.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the remote future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=894.92,896.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But at the moment it looks very unlikely.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=896.67,898.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's consider what's happening to the rate of 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skewed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=907.16,911.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A few countries are responsible","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=911.15,912.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the great bulk of 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For bout three weeks in 1980 to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1176.365,1179.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct) a little luck might be owed to (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1179.843,1183.547"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's the total, billion barrels 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...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1803.54,1808.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In this case with British oil supplies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1808.58,1810.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the Gulf would be met by strong 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interception","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1867.42,1870.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"around the Cape of Good Hope","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1870.37,1872.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would prove ineffective,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1872.2,1873.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to which I'll now turn,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1873.78,1876.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thirdly to safety of the lines of communication.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1877.88,1881.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, this is a very large question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1884.03,1885.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And before looking at it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1886.8,1888.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll just make the following asymmetry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1888.49,1890.457"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The USSR does not rely itself at all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1890.457,1894.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on seaborne oil transport.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1894.81,1896.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's oil goes by pipeline in the main.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1896.64,1900.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Among Western countries, I'm going to look at the situation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1902.0,1904.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of United States especially,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1904.34,1905.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I'll also glance at that of others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1905.96,1908.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The US actually is less dependent","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1910.7,1913.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on Middle Eastern oil than most NATO countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1913.72,1917.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the exception now of Britain and Norway.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1917.49,1920.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, among major industrial countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1920.95,1922.877"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the US has the most diverse sources supply.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1922.877,1926.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the other extreme of the least diverse sources is Japan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1926.043,1929.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we here get oil from a number of places.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1931.66,1934.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Venezuela is an important supplier, for instance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=1934.91,1937.963"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29824/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/029/824/original/AV168186_Petroleum_Supplies_a.vtt?1624894847","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/029/824/original/AV168186_Petroleum_Supplies_a.vtt?1624894847"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29825","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV168186_Petroleum_Supplies_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471/transcript/29825/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- [Moderator] And he will be talking about ... Let's see. Dick Clark Will be talking about human rights versus realpolitik. And Dick Clark of course is our former Senator from Iowa. But now I'd like to introduce Dr. Raymond Hutchings. Dr. Raymond Hutchings is a student of Soviet affairs. He got his BA and MA from Cambridge, and his PhD from London university. During 1957 to 1959, he was the second secretary of the British embassy over in Moscow. And he has taught at several universities here in the United States. University of Texas being the last one. He is currently on this 11th lecture tour here in the United States. He is an expert on the Soviet Navy, and he has just given at one o'clock, a speech to the midshipmen here at Iowa State University. This is the first time he ha spoken in Iowa. This is the second lecture here today. So will you please join me in welcoming Dr. Raymond Hutchings?\r\n\r\n- [Dr. Raymond Hutchings] Thank you very much. and I can't claim that this is the first talk I've given in Iowa since one was given two hours ago. But anyway it's the second and I'm delighted to add Iowa to the list of States where I have given talks in the United States. Counting the district Columbia this list is now is until 17, so I've got sort of ways to go before reaching the target of 50. Well ... I have to deal with a very big subject today and I'm going to plunge straight into it. The official title is Western Petroleum Supplies, National Policies and Strategic Vulnerabilities. We're going to traverse a whole range of aspects of the problem, both the general oil supplies situation, the strategic question, what can be done to avert or overcome possible shortages and difficulties. It's one of the most critical and chronic problems underlying international affairs, and the future of the world economy. It's an issue that threatens frequently to disturb international relations and may even jeopardize world peace. Now, the background to the problem can be stated fairly surely or not very simply or briefly. The foreground changes almost from day to day, and therefore I hope you're not asking me to make short range predictions. They are particularly difficult to incorporate in general talk. By petroleum I mean about oil. And natural gas is often found with oil. Itself is an extremely important fuel and one of growing importance in a number of countries, and especially important here in the US, which has long relied on natural gas extensively but the dynamics of its development and the conditions in which it's used, while different from those of oil, would need a separate talk to expound. So I'm going to concentrate above all on oil. Of course, I'm focusing on Western suppliers. I don't mean to suggest that suppliers to the rest of the world, including the Eastern block, third world are unimportant or unworthy of attention but the third world may get its due treatment later or perhaps has already done so. It's all arguable too that certain Western countries, including the United States, perhaps the West as a whole makes excessive demands on global petroleum suppliers. Though that is too not a simple question to resolve. And I should allude again to that when speaking about possible economies. When discussing international affairs it's wise to try to put the matters in a historical context which I shall seek to do. And also in general economic perspective, and later in a strategic one. Petroleum is used across for a number of purposes, including lubrication, but above all, it's a branch of energy supplies. It's also raw material which normally needs to be refined into various grades for specific purposes gasoline, high octane fuel for aircraft, and so on. So to produce usable grades of petroleum, demands an enormous investment. However, I'm not gonna talk about that today. I'm going to assume that this manufacturing refining capacity is available. While concern with the availability of raw materials goes back I suppose, as far as history itself. Even in ancient times, trade routes stretched over considerable distances, exceptional circumstances, they were subject to interruption. The old city of Novgorod, in Northern Russia which has been excavated lately, they found underneath the medieval ruins, a lot of Walnut shells. They're not grown locally these came from what we now call the Middle East and the Balkans, and when the Mongol invasion stripped across Southern Russia in the 13th century the trade is interrupted. And so we don't find Walnut shells in the layers of excavation later from that point, until much later. To make the jump to modern times concern with the availability of raw materials has been in normal circumstances, a development only of comparatively recent times. This concern belongs essentially to the past 10 years. Industrial revolutions, advances and living standards have always required sufficient quantities of materials, which could be processed with contemporary techniques. This is the point to note here and that they should be to hand at prices that purchasers were willing and able to pay. That applies to the whole range of materials of course, iron ore, bauxite, phosphate, cement coal oil, natural gas, any other things. And there'd be shortages in wartime, which Europeans certainly will, including myself remember. But in peace time until quite recently, most raw materials have been available in adequate supply and frequently in surplus. And correspondingly, except from the stand of certain specific countries, like Nazi Germany when preparing for ... Envisaging an economy in wartime situation, economists didn't pay a great deal of attention to availability of raw materials as a factor in economic growth. The situation of Japan, which lacks virtually all raw materials, including oil, but which nevertheless has achieved since 1945, phenomenal economic growth was often cited in that connection. Similarly, the country that imported raw materials were in many cases ... That exported raw materials where in many cases, developing countries, where living standards and general economic levels were far below those of the importing countries. So apparently to export raw materials was inherently less profitable than to import them. It was more profitable it seemed to export manufactured goods. And this became virtually a dogma in a number of countries. Notably within the Soviet block, for instance, you can hear this viewpoint echo today in Bulgaria. Now it's certainly not necessary for a country to possess its own raw materials provided that it can obtain them reliably and not too expensively from outside. No country today is self-sufficient, or anywhere near it. Even USSR, which is on the whole the most self-sufficient country is not. Certainly not the United States, which has from many points of view acclaimed, or regarded as the second best endowed. It remains true to skilled, highly organized, technically advanced country, can transform materials into finished products that are vastly more valuable weight for weight, than the materials used to produce them. But whether raw materials can now be attained, can now be a gotten reliably and not too expensively has become a critical question. While nations such as Japan were demonstrating they could do very well without indigenous warm materials. Some other countries were providing less spectacular illustrations that such endowments could prove very useful. South Africa and Australia, have been two of these. It's far from accidental it's South Africa which has on an average, the highest standard of living in Africa. It's also world's principal supplier of gold and diamonds and also an important supplier of many other minerals. Or that Australia first rode to prosperity, as I may well say on the sheep's back and now is an important export of Iron ore and Uranium among other minerals. My own country Britain is benefiting at this moment from the Bonanza or North sea oil and gas. This could not solve all our problems but it certainly helps compared with a decade ago. Compared with a decade ago, the situation of individual Western countries has improved from the angle of self-sufficiency in oil. Britain is one of these. Though not from the angle of retail prices, by the way, gasoline is about twice as expensive in Britain as it is in the US today. But on the whole, the situation of Western countries and prominently among them now the United States has sharply worsened. Now why is that? Well, the raw material resources of the world are immense but finite, and no doubt if everything could be extracted from the oceans, and the Earth's crust or perhaps below the crust, human needs could be satisfied for an extremely long time. But it must be practicable to extract them with available technologies at an economic cost. And that imposes much no limits. what's relevant at any one moment, is the ratio of reserves, to the rate of extraction. If that ratio falls too low, conservation of the resources that is stretching them out over a longer period of time, is bound to emerge as an overriding goal, because of course, no country wishes to be placed suddenly in a position, where it's raw material resources are totally exhausted leaving it without such physical assets for the foreseeable future. But long before that point is reached, if depletion of reserves emerges as a likely result within a foreseeable time, then the response is almost certain to be to reduce the rate of extraction, so that even if the evil day can't be put off forever, at any rate it can be put off and perhaps transferred to the concern of future generations. Now it's important to realize that if depletion is looming ahead, even a large rise in the unit price you get for the product will not necessarily persuade a producer to step up the rate of output. And it may very well do the contrary. Normally it's assumed in economics that we have, what economists call a forward sloping supply curve. That's to say a high unit price will evoke a bigger supply but it's admitted that in some circumstances this will not be the case. Typically, for instance, where work is extremely arduous or unpleasant to pay the worker, a higher rate per hour may not mean that he works more hours Most likely he works fewer hours. He can satisfy his needs in a shorter time. And that's the case of the so-called backward sloping supply curve. And another instance of that is possible imaginable exhaustion of the reserves of a country in the foreseeable future. For them their producing country can meet its present needs and still stretch out its reserves over a longer time, if you offer it a higher price. Well depletion eventually, it will be the fate of all nonrenewable resources. Even the so-called non-renewable ones indeed like solar energy will give out eventually, though we will most likely not be around to see it, having a perhaps long ago migrated elsewhere in the universe or rather our long since descendants. Other resources have been depleted over a longer period. So that, although within the last few thousand years they have been into a great degree reduced in quantity and there's no popular memory of that happening. However, Europe and the Middle East used to be far more forested than they are now. The rate at which forests are currently being depleted will not allow them to survive the next century. As I dare say, the movie this morning which I didn't see may have illustrated. So the problem of the eventual depletion of petroleum supplies, is merely a problem, which is common to all raw materials and fossil fuels. So what's special about today's situation and why is it justifiable to regard oil as a special case? Well, the reason is because of the recent, and very unfavorable trend of discovery in relation to extraction. Now people have cried wolf before, when it looked as if oil supplies were going to be depleted and they were proved wrong because fresh discoveries came along. And so the evil day was postponed. Might seem reasonable to expect that this would go on happening. It's not beyond the bounds of possibility that that will happen again. Very large deposits will again be discovered and will again banish the fear of depletion of supplies to the remote future. But at the moment it looks very unlikely. Let's consider what's happening to the rate of discovery. Oil is used today in many countries but the distribution is very marketly skewed. A few countries are responsible for the great bulk of production. the largest producers in order, the first three are the USSR, United States and Saudi Arabia. Well just stating the problem like that, you immediately see that the problem involves east-west relations and also the third world. As regards consuming countries ... These include everyone though of course in extremely different amounts. With such a complicated picture, it would seem very difficult to get it into focus. But fortunately it's been shown that a clear enough picture can be obtained if one concentrates on major oil fields leaving out of account, the numerous smaller ones. According to a survey by Richard Nerwing of the UN corporation which also is cited in some other places like the world oil market in the years ahead by the National Foreign Assessment Center you can focus attention on the so-called giant and super giant oil fields. And that means as following, as far as classification of giant means that total recovery is more than 500 million barrels. A super giant total recovery is more than 5 billion barrels. That's to say a 10 times as much now. A barrel is about one seventh of a metric ton. And the meaning of recovery, is what you have extracted already plus what you expect to be able to extract in the future. The total amount of oil you can get out. So looking simply at the giant, and super giant fields there's a big range of size here too. The largest super giant field, which is in Saudi Arabia, in the Ghawar field is to reckoned to have a recovery of 83 billion barrels. In contrast East Texas, though not small, has only 5.6 billions. The whole Arabian, Iranian region is reckoned to contain about 50% of the entire world's petroleum reserves. By 1970, there were 33 super giant fields of which two are situated in the USSR. Two in the United States, 11 partly or wholly in Saudi Arabia. Now the US is slightly an odd man out in this case, because it relies to a greater extent on others on non-major oil fields, smaller oil fields, which sort of slip out of this analysis. However, focusing on the super giants and the giants, now are they produce altogether about three quarters of the world's oil. Well, as I said, there were 33 in 1970, 33 super giant fields. Only two have been discovered since then, both of those in or offshore Mexico. Most of the super giant fields have been known long since. And of course, if they are very big, the likelihood of finding them is greater than that or finding a smaller one. The fact that in the past decade, only two have been found, all though drilling is being carried out now in harsher physical environments at unprecedented depths over an even wider geographical range. And with the aid of even more sophisticated investigating scientific techniques, is not very encouraging. The dip in the rate of discovery has been sudden and indeed alarming. Examining the rate of discovery from decade, to get to decade of giant and super giant fields, and the recoverable oil that's in billion barrels, to be expected from them. You get the picture, which is in the ... I'll set it out on the board here. Giant, super giant, that's the block to two, there's some ... For bout three weeks in 1980 to a little luck might be owed to . And that's the total, billion barrels recoverable until of course the nasty looking one, is the profit one. Almost a three quarter reduction on the last decade it could be an exception about it's ... An ominous trend. True because of the sharp increase in the price of oil it's become an economic proposition to prospect in more distant, less hopeful areas. The rate of discovery is likely to rise as a result of this stimulus. However, the rate of discovery, the likelihood of finding further giant and super giant fields, at a rate sufficient to counterbalance the currently declining ratio of reserves to extraction appears very small. And so in the upshot oil is likely to become increasingly short. While that's true of the world as a whole, the impact will be especially strong on the Western powers, owning to their high rate of consumption. Although on the other hand, they also have greater possibilities of economizing, if they can mobilize those possibilities and of inventing substitutes. One can temporarily exempt certain countries from that picture, such as Britain and Norway, at the time being relying on North Sea Oil. This can bring only short-term relief. Well now, one can set out in order the following general problems facing the world's consumers of petroleum, and which are faced by Western nations in proportions that are specific to them individually but to some extent, apply to all of them as follows. And here I shall relate the topic both to economic, and to strategic considerations. First there's a threat of damage or disruption to internal sources of supply. And then there's a threat of withholding supplies from external sources, either voluntarily by decision of those exporting countries, or involuntarily owing to disruption, or damage caused perhaps by a wartime events or owing to the acquisition of control over major sources by hostile powers, or their preemption of all available supplies. Kind of large category there. And then thirdly, the Naval side. The threat of cutting lanes of communication, especially sea lanes, though oil is also transported by other means like pipelines, which are generally less vulnerable. And finally there's the threat of a rise in prices beyond what consuming countries are able to pay and in conjunction with that, the impact of national policies, especially conservationist policies. of course over a longer period, conservationist policies may be expected to alleviate, the problem rather than to agrravate it. Well, I'm going to consider all these in turn. First the threat of damage to internal sources, but it hasn't been a prominent worry. It might grow in importance. We have in mind, sabotage but mainly wartime conditions. In World War II, oil wells were not normally targeted. They were either too remote, or too widely scattered to be attractive targets. Refineries were, for instance refineries in Romania, were attacked by liberator bombers. Now since then, oil Wells have acquired a different kind of ... Silhouette, they are found increasingly offshore and in immensely valuable and productive installations. Drilling platforms of enormous size or trans-shipment terminals found for instance in the North sea. And these are compact valuable, and rather vulnerable items. For instance how to defend the drilling rigs in the North Sea today is a likely preoccupation of the British government. It's difficult to see how adequate defense can be achieved. We often saw ... Sighted Soviet submarines in their vicinity. The threat at any rate in this area is not simply interruption of sea lanes of communication. Secondly passing over to a more actual and experienced problem. Deliberate withholding of supplies. Of course, first used by OPEC, the organization of petroleum exporting countries in 1973 and still retained by them as a potential weapon. While Middle Eastern countries led the way here, foresee-ably African countries might join them in certain circumstances, though much less readily owned to their far more urgent need oil revenues. Nigeria's nationalization of British Petroleum, on the eve of the Lusaka conference a little more than a year ago might be a straw in some future wind. Upto now the Israeli Arab conflict has been the justification, or claim justification for imposing such a withholding, but other prerequisites too. One has been the growing reliance of Western nations on Middle Eastern and that is of course Arab oil and the other one has been the hammering together of the effective cartel OPEC. Now, although petroleum shortage will continue to be and as I've suggested a danger, the immediate prospects for wielding the oil weapon again, look dim. All though Israeli, or from our point of view, of course right. while the Israeli Arab conflict may not have been finally settled by the treaty with Egypt, at any rate, there shouldn't now be any direct threat to Israel's existence, but the main difficulty in the way of wielding the oil weapon, is of course that you can only use it, or threaten to use it, if oil would flow, if not deliberately held up by the country of origin. And the situation at present as a result of the Iraq, Iran war is that petroleum exports have been either halted or sharply cut back from those countries. Of course, even if the interruption of suppliers in these circumstances can't be used to enforce concessions from would be purchases that interruption has itself certain no less serious economic effects, but in this specific case, these should be less serious than from an how economic viewpoint, and those which resulted from the oil blockade of 1973 to four, thanks to measures taken in the interim to diversify our supplies or to economize in oil consumption. Another difference is compared in 1973 to four, is that, now Eastern countries are also involved. If for instance, France was importing oil from Iran and Czechoslovakia was from Iraq, and the longer the war drags on, presumably the more successful we may be in finding alternative suppliers. Could any power hostile to the West contrive to exclude Western customers through buying up the staff, preemption, or perhaps by concluding agreements with oil producing countries not to supply oil to the West. Well one's first impulse certainly is to say it'd be unlikely. The most direct and foolproof way to achieve that would be through military occupation of the oil producing regions. Now it's claimed by some that, that was the oleo, imagine motivation behind the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Even those who did not see things that way admitted the invasion has brought Soviet forces much nearer to the Gulf area. Certainly the West would not have admitted to notice that. And according to some reports, the biggest concentration of their forces is in the Southwest of Afghanistan, nearest to the Gulf. And the fear that the Russians might be tempted to go further was evidently what prompted president Carter to announce that any interference, by the USSR with oil supplies passing through the gulf, would mean war. But in my opinion, nearness to the Gulf was not the main reason, or the originating reasons why the Russians invaded Afghanistan. I consider that was what originated in other circumstances, note of being a fact, that they have a large and growing proportion of their own people, are Muslims and did not wish any disaffection from outside to extend. And they do not wish any disorders to take place in a country adjacent to theirs from which such disaffection might spread. Now, this of course is not a trivial matter. And if every country acted likewise, it would justify most of us in invading some other adjacent country. But I don't think in this case, the connection is mainly with your situation. A national monopoly over any single raw material has been certainly an extremely rare event. And in fact I haven't been able to think of a single illustration. That's a fairly strong argument against envisaging it as likely, especially as the USSR has a very highly developed historical sense. It could perhaps be imagined as practicable, if the raw material in question has no substitutes and it's produced in very few places, and particularly if viables have not been alerted to the potential danger. Well, of course the last circumstance doesn't apply. We have been visibly alerted to the potential danger and indeed we were visibly alerted a long time ago. When in 1956, Khrushchev and Bulganin visited Britain, and they were told by the then prime minister, Anthony Eden that interference with the ... In this case with British oil supplies from the Gulf would be met by strong measures. Well, I suppose the ill stared British and French venture in Suez in 1956, to some extent proved reality of that concern. On the other hand, since then Western dependence on Middle Eastern oil has tended to increase the temptation as well as I suppose our determination may also have been strengthened. What we can conclude is that the Russians would not think that they can interrupt the West supplies from the Gulf by measures short of war. And that's a somewhat comforting conclusion. Of course, the situation in wartime would be a different matter. And in that case, which embraces obviously a whole range of unimaginable situations. A Soviet attempt to the occupation of the area would seem to be a real possibility, especially if Naval interception around the Cape of Good Hope would prove ineffective, to which I'll now turn, thirdly to safety of the lines of communication. Well, this is a very large question. And before looking at it, I'll just make the following asymmetry. The USSR does not rely itself at all on seaborne oil transport. It's oil goes by pipeline in the main. Among Western countries, I'm going to look at the situation of United States especially, but I'll also glance at that of others. The US actually is less dependent on Middle Eastern oil than most NATO countries with the exception now of Britain and Norway. In fact, among major industrial countries the US has the most diverse sources supply. And the other extreme of the least diverse sources is Japan. So we here get oil from a number of places. Venezuela is an important supplier, for instance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/118471#t=0.0,1953.33225"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - 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[Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Vulnerable is that route actually.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=8.41,10.682"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, we have to realize in the first place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=11.66,13.669"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that interference with shipping on the high seas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=13.669,15.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a war, a war like act and therefore","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=15.65,18.239"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we need to envision that sort","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=18.239,22.379"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of situation and need not be concerned,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=22.379,25.179"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as it were, with anything less,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=25.179,27.059"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an undercover offensive comparable","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=27.059,29.359"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the one which sank some ships on the way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=29.359,33.539"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Republican Spain during the Spanish Civil War.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=33.539,36.189"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were later, tanking ships were later found","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=36.189,38.799"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be Italian as nobody doubted for a moment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=38.799,42.539"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is not likely to take place but the coastline","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=42.539,47.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the route has to pass by is extremely long,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=50.969,54.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and if some of these littoral states have designs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=55.689,59.219"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the traffic, well, that would be a serious matter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=59.219,64.219"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But only South Africa possesses a Navy of significant size","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=64.34,68.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and whether or not South Africa would be included in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=68.17,71.959"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or associated with a Western defense of this route,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=71.959,75.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's at any rate inconceivable that South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=75.25,77.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would seek to interrupt it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=77.18,78.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nigeria has a small number of heavily armed patrol craft","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=80.069,83.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and these may be acquired by other countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=83.89,88.349"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's only the Soviet Navy that could","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=88.349,91.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or would be likely to offer any significant threat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=91.54,95.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the oil traffic. So what can one say about that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=95.09,99.462"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, first this, said operations mounted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=100.73,105.069"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the Soviet Navy from home bases should have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=105.069,109.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very little likelihood of success","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=109.7,111.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as long as they focus on the Southern sector","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=111.39,114.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the distance from the USSR is just too long.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=114.28,117.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The times of transit of submarines or any other vessels","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=117.54,120.989"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is just excessively long, prohibitively so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=120.989,125.129"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Surface raiding, conceivable, it's remembered in Britain","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=125.129,129.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the first to enable service engagements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=129.81,132.629"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the first Naval service engagements in both world wars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=132.629,135.849"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"took place in the Southern hemisphere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=135.849,138.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But nowadays we have satellite and aerial reconnaissance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=138.31,141.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which considerably reduces the likelihood","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=141.49,143.699"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a ship remaining at large for a long time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=143.699,146.252"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course, we do assume here also that the West","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=147.729,150.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will keep some superiority over the Soviet Navy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=150.03,152.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as I was talking about earlier today","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=152.83,155.379"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is becoming a more dubious matter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=155.379,159.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if it were lost, of course, the opportunities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=159.65,162.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for their interception would greatly improve.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=162.12,164.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And our own likelihood would be improved if we could operate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=166.5,170.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from nearer bases to along the route and their likelihood","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=170.71,175.409"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of interception would be improved if they could do so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=175.409,178.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And here we have to notice a change","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=178.93,180.539"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's disadvantageous to the West","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=180.539,182.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as compared with a decade ago, the West has lost,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=182.05,185.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and as the USSR has gained facilities in Aden","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=186.853,189.937"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in Angola and Mozambique, and Russia has also gained","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=191.039,196.039"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some facilities in Iraq, and in Guinea.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=198.53,202.862"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we have given them up in South 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This was the decision","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=285.329,286.879"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the British Labour government and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=286.879,289.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from a purely Naval viewpoint 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cape.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=296.75,299.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This doesn't mean to say that I would now advocate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=299.12,301.069"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seeking to regain them because, of 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from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=307.939,310.089"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the undesirability to most of us of their internal policies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=310.089,313.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this would bring us immediately into conflict","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=313.93,316.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the majority in black Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=316.1,318.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it is a more complicated 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A couple of developments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=321.61,324.819"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Soviet Naval construction which might bear","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=324.819,327.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the situation. This summer, they completed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=327.37,331.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a battlecruiser, the Kirov, the last battlecruisers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=331.04,334.439"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were built by Germany and the United 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building","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=344.709,347.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an extremely large submarine of unknown purpose,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=347.23,351.187"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and no-one builds big ships to go a big distance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=351.187,355.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the homeland, and they're useless in coastal waters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=355.25,359.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they maybe being, maybe the 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purpose.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=364.81,368.019"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One recalls that in World War II","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=368.019,370.279"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during the most difficult period of its besieging,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=370.279,373.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Malta was supplied by submarine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=373.87,376.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, I saw the quantity the other day","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=376.73,379.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and about 65,000 tons of supplies were got to Malta","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=379.06,382.199"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by submarine, which is quite a 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onwards.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=474.91,477.132"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me pass on to the further threat of a menace","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=478.66,483.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of excessive oil prices and the impact of national 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1973","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=491.5,495.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I suppose if anyone at that time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=497.37,498.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had imagined such an increase, they probably would 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Our economic system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=503.879,507.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has a lot of flexibility and ability to exploit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=507.42,511.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ability to absorb shocks. We've learned to live,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=511.43,514.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if not very happily, with higher oil prices.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=514.62,518.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No future rise can reproduce the stunning 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level,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=544.0,546.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which undoubtedly would mean higher prices today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=546.75,549.909"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course, it's not to say that the 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power,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=593.47,598.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for instance, coal was seen as a progressive trend","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=598.34,601.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and took place to a large extent,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=601.45,603.039"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially in this country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=603.039,605.149"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So couldn't one just turn back the 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Concorde.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=794.1,796.629"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It flies over my house in London about once a week,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=796.629,799.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"be glad to see it, to suggest it makes any significant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=799.07,801.669"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"contribution to the local pollution problem","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=801.669,803.919"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would be ridiculous. Up to now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=803.919,807.159"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's been possible to mitigate the effects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=807.159,810.559"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of oil shortages and higher prices","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=810.559,812.169"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"partly through economizing, partly through emphasizing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=812.169,815.389"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"alternative sources of supply, though there's much to do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=817.12,819.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in both directions. Predictably, Europe has done","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=819.59,823.309"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a little better than the United States in this direction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=823.309,825.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Coming to the US, though I don't notice it now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=827.57,830.389"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one used to be struck by the lavish use of energy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=830.389,833.529"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in certain fields. Traveling about America by night","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=833.529,838.269"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of which I've done a good deal lately,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=838.269,841.269"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one sees very rarely when one is out of sight of the lights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=841.269,845.317"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in some directions, and when everyone comes to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=848.07,850.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anything like a city, it's ablaze with light.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=850.75,853.299"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've also driven from Bristol to London,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=853.299,855.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is about a hundred miles,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=855.35,856.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a relatively densely settled area,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=856.75,859.059"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and most of the time it's pitch black,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=859.059,862.019"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I find the US style more cheerful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=862.019,864.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience 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indeed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=873.289,875.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you have gone further in some directions than Europe,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=875.98,878.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"notably the 55 mile an hour speed limit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=878.08,881.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speed limit in Britain is 70 miles an hour.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=881.09,883.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in West Germany on the Autobahn, there's no limit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=883.09,886.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although I think that enables them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=886.35,888.029"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to discharge various kinds of inhibitions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=888.029,891.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughs)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=891.273,894.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And also some new developments like the Washington subway","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=894.34,898.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are useful from an environmental angle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=898.36,901.549"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and sure to demonstrate in the long run, save 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The breadth and influence here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=908.879,913.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the environmentalist lobby is noticeable","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=913.49,916.679"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"although it has not yet instigated the levels","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=916.679,918.419"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of violence that have been seen in West Germany or Japan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=918.419,921.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"About its influence, as far as it has been exerted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=922.84,924.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in opposition to nuclear power has not,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=924.83,926.899"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in my view, been altogether helpful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=926.899,929.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nuclear power is the most readily available","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=929.24,931.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"alternative source of power.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=931.35,933.309"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At the present time, we search into renewable sources","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=933.309,937.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such as the winds, waves, solar power, tides,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=937.12,942.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are present at an earlier stage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=944.2,946.072"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although, of course, wind power has been used","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=947.059,948.509"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for many centuries. Where tide power","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=948.509,953.509"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is being harnessed already in the estuary","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=953.57,955.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the river La Rance in Northwest France.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=955.1,958.139"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Solar power is being used fairly extensively in Israel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=958.139,961.519"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My son bought back some photographs of the hut","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=961.519,964.049"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which he lived in, which was being,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=964.049,966.169"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, I suppose cooled in that case,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=966.169,968.366"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than heated by solar power.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=968.366,970.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are about 20,000 passive solar 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number.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=977.82,980.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Heating, cooling and lighting a building is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=981.24,983.059"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at present, consumes nearly a quarter of the world's energy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=983.059,985.982"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Better insulation can cut down this proportion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=987.269,989.799"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"although, of course, that will entail heavy capital cost.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=989.799,993.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And nuclear power has been delayed not only","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=995.289,997.149"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by environmentalist groups like the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=997.149,999.677"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"nuclear power, no thanks\" stickers in languages","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=999.677,1003.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which I've recently seen as different from each other","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1003.46,1006.539"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as Finnish and Welsh, but by escalating costs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1006.539,1011.259"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and by not completely foreseen safety hazards.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1011.259,1013.972"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The environmental hazards can't be explained away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1014.929,1017.429"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They are mainly of a hypothetical nature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1018.539,1020.539"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the exception of what appears to have been","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1021.629,1023.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a severe disaster in the Urals, Chelyabinsk area","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1023.11,1026.779"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the USSR in 1957. There's been no damage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1026.779,1029.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remotely comparable to the tremendous environmental harm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1029.913,1034.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and loss of life resulting, over the years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1034.22,1036.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from coal mining. Finally, in regard to national policies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1036.95,1041.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For the foreseeable future, it will be chiefly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1042.299,1045.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"OPEC policies that concern us, and they're not likely","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1045.21,1047.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to become less arrogant. Yet, the last three meetings","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1047.91,1051.589"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have failed to produce agreement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1051.589,1053.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Saudi Arabia has increased production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1053.42,1056.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Other member countries have raised their prices.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1056.67,1060.059"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Among NATO countries, Britain and Norway","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1060.059,1062.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"combined nationalization with foreign participation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1062.73,1065.849"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Norway, at any rate, doesn't wish to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1065.849,1067.329"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"deplete its reserves too soon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1067.329,1069.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not yet clear what British policy will be.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1069.45,1071.799"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Presumably conservation will become a more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1073.359,1077.569"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"attractive option here too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1077.569,1079.962"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although not members of OPEC, Britain, by here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1081.019,1083.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean there, I should say, in Britain too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1083.88,1086.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although not members of OPEC, Britain and Norway","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1088.509,1090.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have followed OPEC prices.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1090.44,1093.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, it would take a remarkable policy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1093.21,1096.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of self abnegation to do otherwise.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1096.21,1098.349"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The nations on the whole are not noted for doing that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1098.349,1101.819"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Canada is an important producer of oil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1101.819,1104.282"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"though intending to become more Canadianized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1105.71,1110.462"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than it is at present, at the moment it's 70% foreign owned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1110.462,1113.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"US production is in the hands of large corporations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1115.119,1117.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which I won't by necessity name, and some others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1117.89,1122.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Prices have been subject to controls and federal policies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1122.63,1126.609"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of huge taxation and environmental conservation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1126.609,1129.299"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It seems likely that under the new president","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1129.299,1131.339"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there'll be a trend towards market decision-making,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1131.339,1133.414"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in particular, stress and expanding production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1133.414,1135.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Finally, the short run should not obscure","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1137.069,1139.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a need to diversify or to economize.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1139.43,1142.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, beginning to sum up this very complicated story,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1143.299,1146.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've stressed, both the variety of the problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1147.009,1149.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"facing Western petroleum suppliers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1149.42,1151.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the difficulty of arriving at firm conclusions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1151.19,1153.299"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"concerning which tasks are the most urgent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1153.299,1156.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Securing our suppliers is not simply","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1156.67,1159.089"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a matter of conservation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1159.089,1160.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stepping up the rate of production will not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1160.95,1163.029"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"solve the problem, although it may buy short-term relief.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1163.029,1166.992"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Clearly we need to step up the rate of exploration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1167.89,1171.259"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wholesale objection to alternative sources of power","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1171.259,1174.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cannot prove helpful. It's necessary and probably possible","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1174.17,1178.299"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to safeguard the sea lanes of communication.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1178.299,1180.359"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We also have to deter even more dangerous moves","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1180.359,1183.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against oil producing regions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1183.13,1185.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so we need military and diplomatic strength","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1185.24,1187.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they will not by themselves be sufficient.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1187.14,1190.299"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Diversification of resources must help.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1190.299,1192.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Meanwhile, economizing is the order of the day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1192.73,1195.609"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1195.609,1196.442"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience applauds)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1197.45,1200.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e We will now be willing to,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1205.519,1207.009"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Hutchins will be willing to field a couple of questions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1207.009,1210.202"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes. For challenging your comments as to, well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1211.15,1215.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Are there any questions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1221.453,1223.621"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I guess not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1226.191,1227.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Right, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1227.023,1227.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e This last week, there was some publicity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1227.91,1230.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about a huge oil find in Siberia, is there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1230.64,1234.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anything definite on that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1234.16,1236.326"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e No, I don't know anything more than","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1238.449,1240.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you do in this connection. One might say they are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1240.22,1243.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as it were, overdue for making a big oil find,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1243.72,1246.079"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but this doesn't mean that they have made it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1246.079,1249.069"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What they're getting into is an increasing problem","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1249.069,1253.299"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of getting into more and more climatically extreme areas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1253.299,1257.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Obviously they've explored the most climatically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1259.259,1261.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"accessible ones first, and when you get into Siberia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1261.49,1266.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, depends on where you are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1266.15,1267.309"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but you can have winter temperatures going down to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1267.309,1270.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e 50 centigrade, which is pretty cold,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1270.47,1274.859"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it makes a big difference to the extraction techniques.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1274.859,1278.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Anybody else?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1287.829,1288.752"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1290.317,1292.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh yes, let me explain the scopes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1294.7,1296.5"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68858/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/068/858/original/AV168187_Petroleum_Supplies_a.webvtt?1722610523","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/068/858/original/AV168187_Petroleum_Supplies_a.webvtt?1722610523"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV168187_Petroleum_Supplies_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"-: Vulnerable is that route actually.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=8.0,11.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, we have to realize in the first place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=11.0,13.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that interference with shipping on the high seas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=13.0,15.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a war, a war like act and therefore","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=15.0,18.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we need to envision that sort","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=18.0,22.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of situation and need not be concerned,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=22.0,25.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as it were, with anything less,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=25.0,27.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an undercover offensive comparable","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=27.0,29.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the one which sank some ships on the way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=29.0,33.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Republican Spain during the Spanish Civil War.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=33.0,36.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were later, tanking ships were later found","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=36.0,38.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be Italian as nobody doubted for a moment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=38.0,42.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is not likely to take place but the coastline","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=42.0,50.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the route has to pass by is extremely long,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=50.0,55.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and if some of these littoral states have designs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=55.0,59.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the traffic, well, that would be a serious matter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=59.0,64.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But only South Africa possesses a Navy of significant size","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=64.0,68.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and whether or not South Africa would be included in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=68.0,71.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or associated with a Western defense of this route,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=71.0,75.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's at any rate inconceivable that South 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So what can one say about that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=95.0,100.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, first this, said operations mounted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=100.0,105.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the Soviet Navy from home bases should 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wars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=132.0,135.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"took place in the Southern hemisphere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=135.0,138.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But nowadays we have satellite and aerial 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75.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=267.0,271.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They emphasize self-sufficiency","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=271.0,273.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they simulated air-to-surface 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This was the decision","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=285.0,286.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the British Labour government and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=286.0,289.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from a purely Naval viewpoint 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from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=307.0,310.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the undesirability to most of us of their internal policies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=310.0,313.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this would bring us immediately into conflict","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=313.0,316.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the majority in black Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=316.0,318.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it is a more complicated 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A couple of developments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=321.0,324.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Soviet Naval construction which might bear","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=324.0,327.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the situation. This summer, they completed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=327.0,331.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a battlecruiser, the Kirov, the last battlecruisers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=331.0,334.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were built by Germany and the United 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going","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=339.0,342.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to build a nuclear aircraft carrier, as it seems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=342.0,344.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Also there have been reports of their building","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=344.0,347.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an extremely large submarine of unknown purpose,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=347.0,351.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and no-one builds big ships to go a big distance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=351.0,355.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the homeland, and they're useless in coastal waters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=355.0,359.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they maybe being, maybe the intention","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=359.0,361.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of deploying them to a large distance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=361.0,364.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As we go onto submarine, we don't know its purpose.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=364.0,368.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One recalls that in World War II","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=368.0,370.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during the most difficult period of its besieging,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=370.0,373.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Malta was supplied by submarine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=373.0,376.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, I saw the quantity the other day","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=376.0,379.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and about 65,000 tons of supplies were got to Malta","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=379.0,382.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by submarine, which is quite a 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thought","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=388.0,392.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of applying this in the round the cape route,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=392.0,396.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we need much more information to confirm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=396.0,398.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that sort of speculation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=398.0,402.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If Russia did seek to interrupt the sea lanes of supply","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=402.0,407.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by naval means, the most vulnerable sector","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=407.0,410.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from our point of view is certainly the point of origin.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=410.0,415.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct) For several reasons (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=415.0,424.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"heading in various directions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=424.0,428.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Two compensating disadvantages, perhaps,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=428.0,432.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one because of the time of transit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=432.0,434.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you cut off supplies at that point","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=434.0,436.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's still about a month when tankers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=436.0,438.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"en route will continue to arrive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=438.0,441.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this is after the Iraq-Iran war,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=441.0,444.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we didn't have an immediate interruption of supplies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=444.0,447.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then there would be to contend with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=447.0,449.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the, slight in numbers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=449.0,452.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"navies of the Gulf States themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=452.0,459.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then because this is the obvious place,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=459.0,462.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is also the place where we would concentrate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=462.0,464.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our own force, and indeed we have already done so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=464.0,466.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's already a bigger concentration","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=466.0,467.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Western Naval forces in that area","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=467.0,470.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and evidently the West and especially the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=470.0,473.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is going to keep a bigger Naval presence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=473.0,474.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Indian Ocean from now onwards.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=474.0,478.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me pass on to the further threat of a menace","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=478.0,484.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of excessive oil prices and the impact of national policies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=484.0,488.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For instance, relating to conservation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=488.0,491.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Oil prices have risen 10 fold since 1973","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=491.0,497.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I suppose if anyone at that time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=497.0,498.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had imagined such an increase, they probably would 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Our economic system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=503.0,507.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has a lot of flexibility and ability to exploit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=507.0,511.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ability to absorb shocks. We've learned to live,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=511.0,514.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if not very happily, with higher oil prices.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=514.0,518.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No future rise can reproduce the stunning 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Concorde.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=794.0,796.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It flies over my house in London about once a week,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=796.0,799.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"be glad to see it, to suggest it makes any 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Up to now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=803.0,807.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's been possible to mitigate the effects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=807.0,810.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of oil shortages and higher prices","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=810.0,812.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"partly through economizing, partly through emphasizing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=812.0,817.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"alternative sources of supply, though there's much to do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=817.0,819.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in both directions. Predictably, Europe has done","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=819.0,823.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a little better than the United States in this direction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=823.0,827.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Coming to the US, though I don't notice it now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=827.0,830.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one used to be struck by the lavish use of energy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=830.0,833.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in certain fields. Traveling about America by night","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=833.0,838.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of which I've done a good deal lately,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=838.0,841.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one sees very rarely when one is out of sight of the lights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=841.0,848.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in some directions, and when everyone comes to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=848.0,850.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anything like a city, it's ablaze with light.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=850.0,853.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've also driven from Bristol to London,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=853.0,855.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is about a hundred miles,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=855.0,856.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a relatively densely settled area,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=856.0,859.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and most of the time it's pitch black,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=859.0,862.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I find the US style more cheerful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=862.0,864.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience 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indeed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=873.0,875.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you have gone further in some directions than Europe,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=875.0,878.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"notably the 55 mile an hour speed limit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=878.0,881.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The speed limit in Britain is 70 miles an hour.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=881.0,883.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in West Germany on the Autobahn, there's no 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The breadth and influence here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=908.0,913.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the environmentalist lobby is noticeable","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=913.0,916.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"although it has not yet instigated the 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Where tide power","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=948.0,953.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is being harnessed already in the estuary","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=953.0,955.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the river La Rance in Northwest 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area","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1023.0,1026.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the USSR in 1957. There's been no damage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1026.0,1029.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remotely comparable to the tremendous environmental harm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1029.0,1034.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and loss of life resulting, over the years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1034.0,1036.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from coal mining. Finally, in regard to national policies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1036.0,1042.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For the foreseeable future, it will be chiefly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1042.0,1045.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"OPEC policies that concern us, and they're not likely","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1045.0,1047.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to become less arrogant. Yet, the last three meetings","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1047.0,1051.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have failed to produce agreement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1051.0,1053.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Saudi Arabia has increased 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too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1077.0,1081.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although not members of OPEC, Britain, by here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1081.0,1083.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean there, I should say, in Britain too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1083.0,1088.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although not members of OPEC, Britain and Norway","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1088.0,1090.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have followed OPEC prices.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1090.0,1093.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, it would take a remarkable policy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1093.0,1096.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of self abnegation to do otherwise.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1096.0,1098.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The nations on the whole are not noted for doing that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1098.0,1101.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Canada is an important producer of oil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1101.0,1105.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"though intending to become more Canadianized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1105.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than it is at present, at the moment it's 70% foreign owned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1110.0,1115.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"US production is in the hands of large corporations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1115.0,1117.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which I won't by necessity name, and some others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1117.0,1122.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Prices have been subject to controls and federal policies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1122.0,1126.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of huge taxation and environmental conservation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1126.0,1129.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It seems likely that under the new president","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1129.0,1131.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there'll be a trend towards market decision-making,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1131.0,1133.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in particular, stress and expanding production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1133.0,1137.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Finally, the short run should not obscure","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1137.0,1139.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a need to diversify or to economize.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1139.0,1143.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, beginning to sum up this very complicated story,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1143.0,1147.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've stressed, both the variety of the problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1147.0,1149.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"facing Western petroleum suppliers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1149.0,1151.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the difficulty of arriving at firm conclusions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1151.0,1153.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"concerning which tasks are the most urgent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1153.0,1156.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Securing our suppliers is not simply","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1156.0,1159.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a matter of conservation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1159.0,1160.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stepping up the rate of production will not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1160.0,1163.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"solve the problem, although it may buy short-term relief.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1163.0,1167.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Clearly we need to step up the rate of exploration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1167.0,1171.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Wholesale objection to alternative sources of power","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1171.0,1174.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cannot prove helpful. It's necessary and probably possible","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1174.0,1178.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to safeguard the sea lanes of communication.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1178.0,1180.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We also have to deter even more dangerous moves","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1180.0,1183.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against oil producing regions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1183.0,1185.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so we need military and diplomatic strength","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1185.0,1187.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they will not by themselves be sufficient.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1187.0,1190.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Diversification of resources must help.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1190.0,1192.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Meanwhile, economizing is the order of the day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1192.0,1195.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1195.0,1197.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience applauds)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1197.0,1205.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"-: We will now be willing to,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1205.0,1207.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Hutchins will be willing to field a couple of questions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1207.0,1211.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"-: Yes. For challenging your comments as to, well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1211.0,1221.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"-: Are there any questions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1221.0,1226.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I guess not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1226.0,1227.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"-: Right, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1227.0,1227.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"-: This last week, there was some publicity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1227.0,1230.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about a huge oil find in Siberia, is there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1230.0,1234.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anything definite on that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1234.0,1238.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"-: No, I don't know anything more than","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1238.0,1240.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you do in this connection. One might say they are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1240.0,1243.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as it were, overdue for making a big oil find,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1243.0,1246.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but this doesn't mean that they have made it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1246.0,1249.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What they're getting into is an increasing problem","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1249.0,1253.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of getting into more and more climatically extreme areas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1253.0,1259.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Obviously they've explored the most climatically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1259.0,1261.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"accessible ones first, and when you get into Siberia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1261.0,1266.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, depends on where you are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1266.0,1267.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but you can have winter temperatures going down to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1267.0,1270.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"-: 50 centigrade, which is pretty cold,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1270.0,1274.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it makes a big difference to the extraction techniques.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1274.0,1287.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"-: Anybody else?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1287.0,1290.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"-: (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1290.0,1294.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369/transcript/68859/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"-: Oh yes, let me explain the scopes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/45510/file/247369#t=1294.0,1302.64816"}]}]}]}