{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/dn3zs2kz9w/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Babiński, Grzegorz, Did Communism Modernize Poland?"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV203758 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. (accessibility)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Local Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["Lectures_AV203758"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["Per request by the creator, access to this item is restricted to scholarly use only. 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[Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Professor of sociology here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=5.135,7.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, thank you very much for this introduction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=10.58,13.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think deserve","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=14.44,16.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such warm words, but thank you, anyway.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=16.4,20.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Today's problem is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=21.78,25.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"practically speaking is never discussed by me that way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=25.9,28.968"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that open way, and it was a proper position to,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=28.968,33.968"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to comment on a few probably assume,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=34.33,38.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a few very controversial problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=38.63,41.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To what extent, communism, a community system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=41.06,44.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"communist government in recent over 40 years in Poland","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=46.058,49.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"modernize police society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=49.33,51.375"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To what extent it contributed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=51.375,53.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to inevitable modernization of Polish society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=53.19,56.926"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So let me start with the two points.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=56.926,58.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you compare, if we compare Polish society to say","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=58.3,62.637"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between world war two period, let's say exactly 60 years ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=62.637,67.637"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 50 years ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=69.462,70.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in of 38, per se,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=70.36,73.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in 88 after 50 years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=73.04,76.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without broad research, we may answer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=76.57,79.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that after 50 years Polish society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=79.61,83.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is much more modern","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=83.04,84.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"modernized than it was 50 years ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=84.863,88.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but does it mean that a Communist is modernized Poland?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=88.09,92.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The question is not easy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=92.98,95.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Question is not very complex","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=95.02,97.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and answers must be partial depends","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=97.113,100.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on dimension of analysis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=100.7,103.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of point of view to that extent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=104.473,108.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't want to make a long theoretical introduction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=109.607,113.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I think if, if, if I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=113.47,116.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I suppose to deliver a scholarly lecture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=117.2,119.565"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on traditionalism and modernization of Polish society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=119.565,124.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have to start with some definitions because the notion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=124.13,128.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of traditionalism and modernity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=128.17,131.762"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"modernization is not simple and is very ambiguous.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=131.762,136.762"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do we assume that what is traditional might be is bad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=140.95,145.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What is modern small is good, but is it true?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=145.13,149.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not always, I think sometime traditions are very good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=149.47,154.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why some elements of the modernization might be very bad","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=154.02,158.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both individually, but also to some extent to society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=158.15,162.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But anyway we assume that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=162.6,164.916"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"modernization means progress","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=164.916,167.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that modernization means a better life","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=167.05,171.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"better organization, more secure life and so so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=171.6,175.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think we should agree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=176.98,180.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I agree Personally that 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society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=427.52,430.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that again, a picture is not clear,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=430.3,434.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I am going to return to this later on right 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It looks like Polish society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=630.03,634.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stopped in front of some invisible barrier","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=634.33,637.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and cannot move beyond a particular 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now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=854.76,856.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their hierarchy of social prestige and also political power","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=856.05,860.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and domination is very, very 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It is some kind of attempt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=990.19,995.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to create a charismatic legitimization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=995.54,998.497"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but without success so 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Its a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1042.577,1046.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Societies could be analyzed also continue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1049.898,1054.895"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from let's say sacred to 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societies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1061.04,1065.682"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sacred doesn't mean religious","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1065.682,1067.917"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it means religious it is a 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power","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1071.335,1076.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is usually sacred but simultaneously revolution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1076.013,1079.094"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bumps on the French and then Soviets were anti religious,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1079.094,1082.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they were sacred, very sacred.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1082.813,1085.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hello again, if we put in the 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create","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1113.727,1116.487"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"image images image that a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1116.487,1120.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"communist government commits violations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1120.4,1122.968"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are sacred violation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1122.968,1124.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and on the other side, if you look for 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again","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1620.45,1624.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the next element fear of prularism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1624.19,1626.455"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was like a judgement. What if you a unify is good,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1626.455,1630.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what is diverse is not good,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1630.16,1632.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and was reinforced by a communist 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it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1676.06,1679.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not blaming church, there's not money,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1681.837,1683.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"many religions that stability means 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between","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1703.106,1707.365"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"industrialization and Radiosity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1707.365,1710.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In Polish society, we see a positive 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Growing industrialization,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1717.973,1722.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"urbanization did not mean Poland decline in Radiosity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1723.435,1728.247"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right now is practically I think only in 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holiday","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1738.81,1741.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"also very often normal day afternoon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1741.44,1745.549"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again, it's a question are the Poles different","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1745.549,1748.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or is Polish society still more traditional,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1748.17,1750.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"attached to religion?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1751.82,1753.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are very many very strong explanations why","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1753.41,1758.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not only religion also also as you know church","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1758.523,1760.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"plays important political role in Poland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1760.94,1765.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Does by its strength by its influence of so much","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1766.497,1771.497"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by its open political ideology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1772.49,1775.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, the value system is is more or less like this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1778.05,1783.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1785.02,1788.717"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gives a very unclear picture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1788.717,1792.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of contemporary Polish society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1792.54,1796.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me go to some general conclusions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1798.69,1803.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"based on this very short description","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1805.62,1807.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the site state of Polish society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1807.66,1810.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I will return to some descriptions also.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1810.11,1812.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First of all in this material dimension of modernization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1813.75,1817.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again the 40 40 44 years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1821.64,1825.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could be divided more or less into two almost equal periods.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1825.49,1830.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I told you in first 20, 20 years despite that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1830.5,1833.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was in periods of very bad studies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1833.47,1837.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in early 50s and despite many","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1837.09,1841.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"political trade mistakes, which were done that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1841.24,1845.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In some dimensions was a desert and trust a correct movement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1845.393,1850.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"changes in social structure from from rural to urban","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1852.024,1856.457"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from rural pre-industrial to industrial.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1857.602,1861.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it worked somehow, millions of people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1861.51,1863.642"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"changed their place of residence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1863.642,1864.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where they became happy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1864.94,1866.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another problem is they became like in whatever gun","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1866.79,1870.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"described in cases of Americans in urban villagers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1871.7,1875.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they move from from rural areas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1875.42,1877.667"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they still became other religious","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1877.667,1880.277"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and many Polish workers in the industrial areas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1880.277,1883.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right now in Poland right now live like feel like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1883.29,1885.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"urban villagers or they go back","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1885.52,1888.006"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the traditional village traditional values.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1888.006,1891.737"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But anyway in this very technical technological industrial","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1891.737,1896.737"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dimension the past 20 years meant progress","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1897.97,1901.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let me give us two examples.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1901.63,1903.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Two big industrial projects in Poland after World War Two,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1903.7,1908.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one was Nowa Huta a big biggest steel factory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1908.56,1913.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"built early 50s around close to Kraków.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1914.05,1917.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was that time technology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1917.62,1920.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"installed in this steel factory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1922.33,1926.014"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was relatively modern in this period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1926.014,1928.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it contributed to development of whole region,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1928.483,1932.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it also gave a profit total to the state industry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1932.4,1936.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"20 years later in 70s","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1936.7,1939.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"another similar big project would start with the name","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1941.02,1944.982"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Huta Katowice another steel factory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1944.982,1947.677"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just 30 miles west from from this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1947.677,1951.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First one, okay, the second is 70 was a big mistake.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1952.98,1957.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First of all technology which was installed in the 70s","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1957.16,1959.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was on this side ladder like this from 50s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1959.77,1962.364"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It means this is steel working 50s","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1962.364,1964.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were relatively modern 70 was relatively backward.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1964.743,1969.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Second in 50s, this factory was in accordance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1970.4,1975.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with general trends of industrial development.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1976.153,1979.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Also in the West, when 70s was against industrial countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1979.193,1983.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"shutdown the steel factories in the West","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1985.6,1988.107"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but Poland tried to build what was outdated already.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1988.107,1992.066"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it costs billions of dollars in losses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1992.066,1994.546"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and never brought any single Office of profits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1994.546,1998.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was subsidized from the very beginning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1998.203,1999.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially right now. So it's only one example","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=1999.563,2002.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I am not an economist I have not gotten","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2002.88,2004.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in description of Polish industry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2004.95,2006.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I think this example gives us that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2006.92,2010.631"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"generally it might evaluate the process of industrialization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2010.631,2015.631"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"modernization, I think that that we could give some classes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2017.9,2021.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 20 years, but there were many, many mistakes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2021.77,2026.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are very, very great mistakes in the second half.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2026.48,2030.226"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But there are also many other elements.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2030.226,2033.476"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I mentioned only a few of them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2034.672,2038.966"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The second aspects of modernization of Polish society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2038.966,2042.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the relation between these material elements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2042.76,2045.326"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of modernization and social of the value system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2045.326,2050.326"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"modernization, again, maybe only one example","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2051.57,2054.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that time not from industry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2054.72,2057.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both from modernization of agriculture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2057.43,2060.366"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When Gomułka decided to decided to modernize Polish","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2060.366,2064.616"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"agriculture in the late 50s and early 60s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2066.35,2069.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and put a lot of investment into agriculture industry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2069.61,2074.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tractors, harvest equipment, fertilizers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2075.098,2078.515"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Farmers were both afraid because they still 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exists,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2262.587,2266.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which still unsolved, and how to predict","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2266.77,2271.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when and how it would be solved.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2271.31,2273.977"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But this value system,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2275.306,2279.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which I described 10 minutes ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2279.79,2281.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is mostly typical for 90s and 80s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2281.76,2285.736"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In recent years in 70s, let me go back","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2285.736,2287.636"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these traditional values were put somewhere modeling","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2290.1,2293.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was not not so much important for the community,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2293.45,2297.077"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or even in ideology, if the Communist Party was that say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2297.077,2302.077"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not without ideology was put somewhere","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2304.085,2307.252"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the margin that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2309.31,2311.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think many Poles belief that they could 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change","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2319.83,2321.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for some few years they were not afraid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2321.45,2323.897"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Particularly between let's say 71-76","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2323.897,2326.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it was a it was a period when","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2326.9,2330.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"many members of society believed in you try and believe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2332.51,2335.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that Poland will be able to, to manage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2335.673,2340.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It improved it's own future","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2340.678,2343.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even within a system which was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2343.61,2346.216"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"generally not accepted by society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2346.216,2349.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Even position of character of religion was strong,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2351.32,2356.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but even in this dimension,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2356.43,2358.236"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were some signs of declining","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2358.236,2362.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"religiosity and not not very significant,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2362.243,2365.147"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not not very great, but anyway, significant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2365.147,2367.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So is this trend continuing in 70s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2367.74,2371.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"probably society in 80s will be general profile","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2371.58,2375.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of society would be would be different.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2375.67,2377.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So crisis of economic and political crisis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2378.607,2381.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reign-forced return for this traditional value.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2381.88,2385.462"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But this isn't always easy. It means Polish society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2385.462,2388.027"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tried to change but didn't change","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2389.167,2392.487"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so return was basically easy without change.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2393.41,2397.737"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it is a more or less picture of society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2400.04,2404.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is not clear, Poland is another society only way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2404.373,2405.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between traditionalism and modernism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2412.09,2414.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is first of all, somewhere in the middle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2416.03,2418.064"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and depends on demands of analysis is more or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2418.064,2421.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"less modernized. So, this is picture is not clear","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2425.31,2428.527"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this is its society which is very complicated,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2428.527,2432.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe it's a good fit for, for sociological research,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2434.846,2439.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"another side is not good because very difficult to to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2439.7,2441.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"explain all these changes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2441.84,2443.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and other sides making interesting society but,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2443.76,2446.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as you know, it's not always easy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2448.037,2449.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to live in interesting time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2449.24,2450.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or interesting societies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2450.96,2452.307"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But anyway 37 or 38 million people have to live","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2452.307,2457.307"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and have to try to modernize the society as possible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2457.51,2461.927"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, let me go briefly to this for the second first part","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2463.783,2467.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this question, did communists role of communist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2467.55,2472.089"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"government community theology in Polish society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2472.089,2475.532"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"again, first of all, I don't know and your research","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2475.532,2479.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and secondly, this problem is also somehow new for me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2479.01,2482.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and thinking about it and looking for arguments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2482.55,2485.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for controversy. So, I, I give you some tentative picture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2485.28,2488.997"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and with that we simply cannot tell what would happen","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2490.472,2494.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if Poland if it was not a communist as a country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2494.673,2498.537"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again I told you to compare Polish society 50 years ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2498.537,2503.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and now is for sure a more modernized,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2503.0,2506.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but if you compare with other non communist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2506.29,2509.219"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like a Greek society or Italian or Portuguese,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2509.219,2512.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which were actively traditional in 50 years ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2512.2,2514.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and right now, are also relatively modernized.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2514.99,2519.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So very difficult to build such an international scale","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2519.23,2524.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of modernization that was at a time, but it's not easy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2525.85,2530.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but anyway, we can not say what would happen","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2530.53,2533.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with Polish society is the non communist government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2533.06,2536.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was establishing in 45 simply we cannot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2536.32,2539.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So let's look at this in solid a pluses and minuses.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2542.549,2546.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some some changes, which were I think are positive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2546.883,2551.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to some extent, at least and also some for sure negatives.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2552.42,2556.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me start with the positives.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2556.58,2559.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which were not introduced, what what introduced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2560.64,2563.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rapid social changes, they were false,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2563.13,2565.795"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they were introduced by by some political","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2565.795,2569.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or semi distinct military or military force of discipline.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2569.55,2574.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But anyway, they were introduced, as I told you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2575.551,2579.501"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what happened in Poland, just after world war two","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2579.501,2583.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to 49 and also to some extent after 49 to 55th.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2583.72,2587.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was in many dimensions positive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2591.919,2594.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if look a lot from very generally,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2594.593,2597.627"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but simultaneously the same period,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2597.627,2600.544"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I agree with with many analysis that major political,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2601.988,2606.405"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"economic and social problems were created in this period","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2607.364,2610.834"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between 49 to 55th.That it was a general trend","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2610.834,2614.667"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of industrialization was correct, but irrigation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2616.555,2620.681"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"too much attention too much pressure and still","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2620.681,2623.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had industry and simultaneously","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2623.38,2627.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"abandoned neglect of consumer goods production","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2630.82,2633.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was was a mistake and later on was never corrected,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2636.202,2638.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was never corrected later on instead,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2638.99,2641.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but general trends talking about this industrialization,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2643.1,2647.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as opposed to speed up of social change,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2650.622,2652.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and also the second element very rapid social mobility","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2652.87,2656.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is movement of medium medium, people from rural areas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2656.6,2661.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very often unnecessary, it means the useless people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2662.59,2664.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from rural areas to industry","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2664.69,2666.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was also generally positive element.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2666.52,2669.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And for this people influence social mobility","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2669.17,2673.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"improvements on the situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2673.43,2675.278"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's also","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2675.278,2679.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this system contributed to some kind of new","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2679.8,2684.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"definition of social status.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2684.97,2687.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was not a full on his of his major break","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2688.71,2691.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a traditional image of social stage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2691.75,2694.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Poland in many dimensions was despite industrialization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2694.6,2699.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like that, society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2699.46,2702.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in social prestige","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2702.93,2704.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is still an important role of land owners in Polish society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2704.24,2709.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all these (indistinct) it was still very important","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2709.49,2712.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the medieval period and it worked like like a God set","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2715.481,2720.481"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of changes of societies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2720.733,2723.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, again it was broken and again it was painful","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2723.91,2727.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it was many mistakes. But anyway it was broken","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2727.35,2729.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then after this story society will never return to this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2729.64,2734.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"other Western societies and get it many many years ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2737.89,2742.877"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and for sure, also communist modernized Poland introducing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2745.882,2750.882"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"abroad and free education despite all shortcomings","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2752.077,2755.957"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this education despite that, heavy ideological pressure","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2755.957,2760.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"put on proper education. Simply authorities communists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2762.211,2767.211"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were not able to to introduce only one communist ideology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2767.223,2772.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in education, they promote education","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2774.14,2776.319"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as education but content of education was never communist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2776.319,2780.566"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Even if in this worst area in early 50s","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2780.566,2783.816"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was never but simultaneous education was was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=2786.826,2790.493"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25131/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/131/original/AV203758_Did_Communism_Modernize_Poland_a.vtt?1620062607","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/131/original/AV203758_Did_Communism_Modernize_Poland_a.vtt?1620062607"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25132","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203758_Did_Communism_Modernize_Poland_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092/transcript/25132/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Professor of sociology here.\r\n\r\n- Oh, thank you very much for this introduction. I don't think deserve such warm words, but thank you, anyway. Today's problem is practically speaking is never discussed by me that way that open way, and it was a proper position to, to comment on a few probably assume, a few very controversial problem. To what extent, communism, a community system communist government in recent over 40 years in Poland modernize police society. To what extent it contributed to inevitable modernization of Polish society. So let me start with the two points. If you compare, if we compare Polish society to say between world war two period, let's say exactly 60 years ago in 50 years ago in of 38, per se, and in 88 after 50 years, without broad research, we may answer that after 50 years Polish society is much more modern modernized than it was 50 years ago but does it mean that a Communist is modernized Poland? The question is not easy. Question is not very complex and answers must be partial depends on dimension of analysis of point of view to that extent. I don't want to make a long theoretical introduction but I think if, if, if I I suppose to deliver a scholarly lecture on traditionalism and modernization of Polish society I have to start with some definitions because the notion of traditionalism and modernity modernization is not simple and is very ambiguous. Do we assume that what is traditional might be is bad. What is modern small is good, but is it true? Not always, I think sometime traditions are very good. Why some elements of the modernization might be very bad both individually, but also to some extent to society. But anyway we assume that modernization means progress that modernization means a better life better organization, more secure life and so so on. I think we should agree. I agree Personally that modernization in broad meaning is a positive element in development of society. That more modern society, modern society are generally better societies and traditional societies. But it's only point of view We don't have to agree on this. So maybe it to avoid a very controversial and ambiguous problem of what is more than what the traditional let put it more empirically. There are many dimensions of analysis of modernization of society. Also the Polish society I distinguish here allows 10 but it might be more like I do it. Now I try to briefly describe these elements. First society could be analyzed in the same technological dimension or modernization. And that is very broad a very also simple continue from technological industrial industrial dimension. So it may be we can distinguish trained us in industrializing or industrial or post-industrial society in this dimension. If we agree that pre-industrial means traditional and post-industrial remodel Poland right now after this 40, 42 years of relatively at the beginning rapid dramatic changes is somewhere in the in-between is somewhere in the as the industrial society or industrial lives. To some extent, but for sure it is not post industrial society. And probably not very soon, Polish society will pass to this next stage of post industrial society to which American society belongs right now. And this is also connected with this technological trade or industrialization trade with some elements of social structure if we refer again if we refer to some classical in this classical distinctiveness classical divisions made by classical sociology. For instance, mechanical and organic solidarity or make even a community association or attains a attains a distinction between them again gemeinschaft stable society modernization in broad mean it means meeting means, the organic solidarity the gemeinschaft or association and types of social bond. And in this I mentioned if you look at Polish society it's picture is much more complicated. For sure society society move from this traditional the mechanical people Germaical society. But on the other side, it is a problem with this with the state evaluation of documents on track changes gemeinschaft society, community type society according to Mckeeva is usually much more personal comfort to the people. It is in many dimensions many elements better societies than the association type of society. And it's another question who is a society could be let's say industrialized model and feel communist still more Gemeinschaft than Gesselshaft, there are examples that some societies could develop at least some extent that they mentioned, if you go back to the Polish from the Polish society, I think that again, a picture is not clear, but I am going to return to this later on right now I will just give you some dimensions. And if we add to this two dimensions the first dimension development from rural to urban society, we find again the Polish society has a very long way from in recent 40 years, particularly in past 20-25 years after World War Two it is up to to 1970. After 1970 we see a very significant slowdown in many dimensions obtained for the society. We'll need a blackboard but since is no blank board and I will describe it with my display boards. There is a very simple universal model of industrialization of society. Industrialization one dimension you change the basic elements of social structure, if we divide all occupational categories in society into into three basic groups first farmers jobs and occupations connected with agriculture, a second in broad meaning blue collar categories, industrial workers workers and the third categories, white collar workers. In Poland these groups are a bit different definitions are for more or less the same. And we find out that if we move from the beginning and say from the left to the right on the diagram, that there are very significant important relation between these categories, since all categories always continue 100% of of all the occupation when agriculture occupation or people who work in agriculture decline simultaneously other sectors particularly blue collar industrializes. In Poland, it was also a case it was relatively rapid between 45 and 55. During first 10 years of say, political social changes also industrialization Polish society. In more or less in in in 45 two thirds of Polish society around 7 less than 7 almost 70% of all active people work in agriculture, was the rural society. 10 years later, was almost 50 still about 50% was in agriculture. But the next 10 years, situation changed, numbers of industrial workers and white collar, much higher than number of peasants of people who work in agriculture. It was relatively rapid and relatively low money say during that 20 to mid 60s or late 60s. But in recent 20 years, more or less 68-88 almost no changes occurs. It looks like Polish society stopped in front of some invisible barrier and cannot move beyond a particular point. And it is not normal, it means there's something wrong with the development of this society if we assume that this is normal industrializing society, which is more or less universal there are some differences. For instance, the American society or three or 4% of farmers Well, in many Western European industrialized societies, this percentage is greater than 10 or 12%. So there are some differences. But more or less this process is universal. So Polish society, it's not only Polish other European Community social society behave differently, or they don't behave, they don't move, they stopped. So, if we look at the process of modernization in this dimension, we find out the first 20 years despite all many political problems and mistakes which were done that time, it made somehow progress some of modernization is over populated rural areas, were relief from the useless people who move to industry, who move to urban areas. But in recent 20 years, he volunteers and 10-12 years practically no changes could be seen. Society became stable in some ways, the middle of the road, because the current social structure for the society is is not a normal stable society. Society could be stable but not on this level of development. So it's only one of elements which I want to discuss a little bit later on. By the way, since you've left it on and the minutes over here and I remember that I should be should not bore you too long. So let's go briefly to other dimensions, I returned to the discussion, the next dimension should be as a social status consistently and let's say distribution of power. And again, if we look at the two most modern situation one is traditional, a stable society, usually in this society structure of, of power or distribution of power and social status is very consistent it means it doesn't usually in traditional society all these elements of social status, power, wealth, prestige, are located on the top. In that modernized modern society situation is more, it's also clear what it is another model is a situation described by Dutch political scientists Arend Lijphart as consociation of society in which the main center of of power prestige also Wealth, this center somehow compete with each other, but simultaneously cooperate with each other. And this is the ideal model of market model modern democracy. We put power in between these two models, we find out that again, Poland moves from this traditional distribution of power and status consistency into a transitional point in which, practically right now, their hierarchy of social prestige and also political power and domination is very, very unclear, but it's still very far from what Lepa describe as Eco-association or democracy. Again, Polish society move this and I think that there are some signs that taking into account of political changes, which which took part in Poland and also some signs of political liberalization in the recent years month. So despite the economical crisis, Polish society could the move or move even in recent years, to more modern co-assotiation model on because of of power prestige and distribution of power. Again, I don't want to be too optimist, but I think that signs that this new dimension might be some some as a promo that validation changes could take place in the future. The next element could be mean or character or legitimization of power. We made this theoretical theoretically we may divide society in terms of traditional legitimization of power charismatic of a rational. And Poland, Polish situation or legitimization of power in Poland is is not clear first of all legitimization is very low I think the power or authority politic more supported by the by power than by some kind of legitimization. But any power any government tries to legitimize it's power. In Poland, for sure, it is not as moderation of legitimization, it's rather not also so, much traditional. It is some kind of attempt to create a charismatic legitimization but without success so far. So, again in this dimension, picture is very unclear, even more than in previous dimension. There is still a state of ambiguity and it also means that the power is not stable in this dimension, that is are supported by by calls not by by the authority. There one more element maybe I know that there's dew more that one or two more. Its a Societies could be analyzed also continue from let's say sacred to secular, it's I'm referring to Howard Becker Becker concept of Southern secular to separate secular societies. Sacred doesn't mean religious it means religious it is a sacred but sacred is much more broader than religion. For instance legitimization of revolutionary power is usually sacred but simultaneously revolution bumps on the French and then Soviets were anti religious, but they were sacred, very sacred. Hello again, if we put in the continuum of traditional modernization, we find that sacred traditional its also traditional also sacred. By secular is a rational non-sacred. I think that Polish society is still a society in which a sacred values both government and power is the official powers right to to create image images image that a communist government commits violations that are sacred violation and on the other side, if you look for instance, on Solidarity Movement, we find out also that it was again some kind of sacred movement. Not only because it's a connection to church to religion, but also because of its ideology of this strong of emotional emotional attachment of people to ideology of solidarity. So I think, also taking into account a strong role of religion and tradition Polish society In this dimension start at secular. I put Polish society closer to the sacred to secular development. I think that this dimension, Polish society is more traditional, than more than if you compare sacred secular and traditional and modern. The next dimension is very much connected with a previous role of tradition. That is, by definition, traditional societies strongly attach to tradition why modern society sometimes gives up tradition or puts a tradition somewhere around on the management. Polish society in this dimension, for sure, it's tradition and both history and in contemporary situation of Polish society enables to explain this way for us Poland as a nation Poland as a country, learnt or was tought by by history by by my neighbors how to resist, how to look how to be attached to tradition to to religion. It was the only way to survive in 19th century over 100 years of petitions, it was all so I think, one of the wise way to survive. And to save a national identity in recent 40 years of changes. So it is obvious, it is normal it is very normal that Polish society is so attached to to tradition, but it means simultaneously that, attachment to tradition, it's like a Viking keto looking back mirror its like looking back, and together with tradition, Poles also learnt how to resist for one Poland taking one of the best society in resistance, both in America partitions and during World War Two, Nazi occupation and also after World War Two. But again, resistance orientation meets orientation to the past, somehow, resistance means resistance to changes. But this attitude resistance to changes, might be very rational. And generally it was very relation very functional societies, but it might be also irrational. It means society, which learned which got used to resist any changes, also could resist rational positive changes which will be introduced to the society. So it's not just tradition and resistance orientations like a passenger ship, it keeps a ship under motion stable, but also it's slow down motion, or speed of the ship. So it it it is that way. And then be the last dimension in which I want to concentrate a bit longer is that value system of Polish society. And again, if we look at research done on the value system of Polish society, in recent years, but also in say, 20 30 15 years ago, there were such as relatively systematic research done in Poland, majority of them were published not not not all, but generally were, we find out again, that the value system despite all this, changes in the objective situation, despite urbanization that despite the industrialization, the value system, because this time, but this change less in recent years, in recent, particularly six, seven years after martial law and during martial law, could see some kind of orientational the value system. Maybe I can describe what was significant in the recent research. First of all, priority of state traditional value for sure, like a family, community, patriotism, historic tradition, the priority of this community type Association, not on the extended family, but also neighborhood, a typical, take it back to small groups attachment, withdrawal from public life is very significant, particularly after solidarity was defeated. And priority of let's say humanities over as knowledge, not general over science knowledge, let's say still, and knowledge of culture of history is more important than knowledge of physics, engineering, or something like that. It is also, I think, significant for this. And also this is a show at a great level of fatalism in Polish society. It means Poles, particularly when maybe it was it was for sure it was connected with the defeat of solidarity. Simply some I gave up with some Poles or they could manage they could create future. And this also it's against the modern thinking, they both think that the fate of Poland is created by by faith by history by God by by neighbors from neighbors, but to small extent by society itself. Whether they are right or wrong is another problem describing research which.... And also false It was really stable for generally Poles maybe they welcome some changes, but simultaneous is as a shower here of changes they very common attitude is the change might be good, but generally change is it is not a good change it might be might mean something wrong and this attitude again was reinforced by a particular recent history I mean after world war two history, where all the time this will particular rapid changes which were introduced and now affect changes for for better very quickly turned out to be changes for not better, but for for more difficult for worse. So, again, I mean, it's easy to explain why, but anyway it is it is a picture of Polish the society. And also this is his research show a relatively high level of xenophobia, which is very, sometimes it's hard to explain Polish society is in recent 10 years more or less than became as an open society it means that many Poles really millions of Poles traveled abroad they do travel right now, they they say on the return, but majority do return on again. So, contracts with Polish society with others is relatively great, but despite this, there is some kind of xenophobia fear about pluralism and again the next element fear of prularism, it was like a judgement. What if you a unify is good, what is diverse is not good, and was reinforced by a communist ideology that only white ideology one orientation one political attitudes all trade tourism is wrong. So it was that way, and I think I don't have to describe it broader you know it is a strong role of, of religion, religion, which plays and plays very important role in Polish society. But religion again by itself is somehow usually oriented, more on stability, more on tradition. After all church Christian tradition have a 2000 years vision is to deal with mostly this way than and also is it not blaming church, there's not money, many religions that stability means usually something better for religious life than changes. Again, if you look on other industrial industrialized training society in Western Europe particularly, you see a very, very strong negative relation between industrialization and Radiosity. In Polish society, we see a positive relation to some extent in positive relation particularly in recent years. Growing industrialization, urbanization did not mean Poland decline in Radiosity. Right now is practically I think only in Poland in in big cities all churches are full in each Sunday, not only Sunday holiday also very often normal day afternoon. And again, it's a question are the Poles different or is Polish society still more traditional, attached to religion? There are very many very strong explanations why not only religion also also as you know church plays important political role in Poland. Does by its strength by its influence of so much by its open political ideology. So, the value system is is more or less like this and it gives a very unclear picture of contemporary Polish society. Let me go to some general conclusions based on this very short description of the site state of Polish society, I will return to some descriptions also. First of all in this material dimension of modernization. Again the 40 40 44 years could be divided more or less into two almost equal periods. As I told you in first 20, 20 years despite that, it was in periods of very bad studies in early 50s and despite many political trade mistakes, which were done that time. In some dimensions was a desert and trust a correct movement changes in social structure from from rural to urban from rural pre-industrial to industrial. And it worked somehow, millions of people changed their place of residence where they became happy. Another problem is they became like in whatever gun described in cases of Americans in urban villagers, they move from from rural areas but they still became other religious and many Polish workers in the industrial areas right now in Poland right now live like feel like urban villagers or they go back to the traditional village traditional values. But anyway in this very technical technological industrial dimension the past 20 years meant progress let me give us two examples. Two big industrial projects in Poland after World War Two, one was Nowa Huta a big biggest steel factory built early 50s around close to Kraków. it was that time technology installed in this steel factory was relatively modern in this period. And it contributed to development of whole region, it also gave a profit total to the state industry. 20 years later in 70s another similar big project would start with the name Huta Katowice another steel factory just 30 miles west from from this. First one, okay, the second is 70 was a big mistake. First of all technology which was installed in the 70s was on this side ladder like this from 50s. It means this is steel working 50s were relatively modern 70 was relatively backward. Second in 50s, this factory was in accordance with general trends of industrial development. Also in the West, when 70s was against industrial countries shutdown the steel factories in the West but Poland tried to build what was outdated already. And it costs billions of dollars in losses and never brought any single Office of profits. It was subsidized from the very beginning especially right now. So it's only one example because I am not an economist I have not gotten in description of Polish industry, but I think this example gives us that generally it might evaluate the process of industrialization modernization, I think that that we could give some classes in 20 years, but there were many, many mistakes that are very, very great mistakes in the second half. But there are also many other elements. So I mentioned only a few of them. The second aspects of modernization of Polish society, is the relation between these material elements of modernization and social of the value system. modernization, again, maybe only one example that time not from industry, both from modernization of agriculture. When Gomułka decided to decided to modernize Polish agriculture in the late 50s and early 60s, and put a lot of investment into agriculture industry, tractors, harvest equipment, fertilizers. Farmers were both afraid because they still remember forcing the collectivization in 50s but not on this. I think farmers were still in the traditional level of leading . They were afraid buying machinery applying track of fertilizer, they would get more involved. More dependent from the state and state could easily push them to, to collect your farms. But not only they time horses were a still not only a power but also social prestige for farmers. So they stuck to two horses, and we're afraid of tractors. Again, it was the beginning 60s 20 years later right now, farmers the mentality, value value value system are much more modernized, they really want to modernize a farm, they want to buy tractors, they want to buy fertilizers, but they simply cannot, because the industry because government is not able to provide them for 100 farmers who apply for tractors government or industry can provide a three or four in the year it means that average time of waiting for tractor is 25-30 years, unless they pay half currency. They go abroad working illegally. So, again, it's only example but it shows changes that particular in 70s, particularly 70s in mid 70s way Poland looked for a few years like let say introduction to Europe lets say waiting room to Western Europe, where level of leading was growing it was in Poland was a very, very brief moment, to some extent consider consuming content to society. All this typical for many other industrial societies value system and behavior became very visible. Isolation in private home, improved home or sample data or or summer house very low, very low atomization of society or Poland became for a few years mass society. That time also value system, show more profile, close to some Western society. Poland was oriented on Western countries. But this process was stopped both by economical crisis in the late 70s and 80s and after this, a political crisis, which still exists, which still unsolved, and how to predict when and how it would be solved. But this value system, which I described 10 minutes ago, is mostly typical for 90s and 80s. In recent years in 70s, let me go back these traditional values were put somewhere modeling was not not so much important for the community, or even in ideology, if the Communist Party was that say, Not without ideology was put somewhere in the margin that time. I think many Poles belief that they could manage that we have a political future in the 70s they were not afraid of change for some few years they were not afraid. Particularly between let's say 71-76 I think it was a it was a period when many members of society believed in you try and believe that Poland will be able to, to manage. It improved it's own future even within a system which was generally not accepted by society. Even position of character of religion was strong, but even in this dimension, there were some signs of declining religiosity and not not very significant, not not very great, but anyway, significant. So is this trend continuing in 70s, probably society in 80s will be general profile of society would be would be different. So crisis of economic and political crisis, reign-forced return for this traditional value. But this isn't always easy. It means Polish society tried to change but didn't change so return was basically easy without change. So it is a more or less picture of society which is not clear, Poland is another society only way, between traditionalism and modernism is first of all, somewhere in the middle and depends on demands of analysis is more or less modernized. So, this is picture is not clear and this is its society which is very complicated, maybe it's a good fit for, for sociological research, another side is not good because very difficult to to explain all these changes and other sides making interesting society but, as you know, it's not always easy to live in interesting time or interesting societies. But anyway 37 or 38 million people have to live and have to try to modernize the society as possible. Now, let me go briefly to this for the second first part of this question, did communists role of communist government community theology in Polish society, again, first of all, I don't know and your research and secondly, this problem is also somehow new for me and thinking about it and looking for arguments for controversy. So, I, I give you some tentative picture and with that we simply cannot tell what would happen if Poland if it was not a communist as a country. Again I told you to compare Polish society 50 years ago and now is for sure a more modernized, but if you compare with other non communist like a Greek society or Italian or Portuguese, which were actively traditional in 50 years ago and right now, are also relatively modernized. So very difficult to build such an international scale of modernization that was at a time, but it's not easy, but anyway, we can not say what would happen with Polish society is the non communist government was establishing in 45 simply we cannot. So let's look at this in solid a pluses and minuses. Some some changes, which were I think are positive to some extent, at least and also some for sure negatives. Let me start with the positives. Which were not introduced, what what introduced rapid social changes, they were false, they were introduced by by some political or semi distinct military or military force of discipline. But anyway, they were introduced, as I told you, what happened in Poland, just after world war two to 49 and also to some extent after 49 to 55th. It was in many dimensions positive if look a lot from very generally, but simultaneously the same period, I agree with with many analysis that major political, economic and social problems were created in this period between 49 to 55th.That it was a general trend of industrialization was correct, but irrigation, too much attention too much pressure and still had industry and simultaneously abandoned neglect of consumer goods production was was a mistake and later on was never corrected, it was never corrected later on instead, but general trends talking about this industrialization, as opposed to speed up of social change, and also the second element very rapid social mobility is movement of medium medium, people from rural areas very often unnecessary, it means the useless people from rural areas to industry was also generally positive element. And for this people influence social mobility improvements on the situation. So it's also this system contributed to some kind of new definition of social status. It was not a full on his of his major break with a traditional image of social stage. Poland in many dimensions was despite industrialization like that, society in social prestige is still an important role of land owners in Polish society all these it was still very important the medieval period and it worked like like a God set of changes of societies. So, again it was broken and again it was painful and it was many mistakes. But anyway it was broken and then after this story society will never return to this other Western societies and get it many many years ago. and for sure, also communist modernized Poland introducing abroad and free education despite all shortcomings of this education despite that, heavy ideological pressure put on proper education. Simply authorities communists were not able to to introduce only one communist ideology in education, they promote education as education but content of education was never communist. Even if in this worst area in early 50s was never but simultaneous education was was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112092#t=0.0,2795.2849"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - 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[Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Final level and it was I think very pluralistic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=5.95,10.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Content of Polish education,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=11.05,12.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even the history and literature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=13.88,15.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the so-called ideological science,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=15.61,19.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like philosophy, sociology,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=19.34,21.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or other courses which were taught at the university level","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=21.71,25.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were never adjusted to Marxist ideology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=25.833,29.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was always a pluralistic orientation philosophy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=29.15,33.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we did like this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=35.24,36.701"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But let me go,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=36.701,37.664"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I know it says my time is almost over","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=37.664,39.487"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but still a few minutes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=39.487,40.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On the negative elements.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=40.88,42.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mentioned some of them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=42.79,44.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think from the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=45.601,47.337"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was very hard to rank them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=47.337,49.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so either to put them in let's say random orbits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=49.61,54.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tendency for unification.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=55.814,57.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As in that is basic communist ideology,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=57.743,60.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that society should be unified,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=60.73,62.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everybody should seem to behave in the same way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=62.67,66.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which was 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developments.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=254.89,257.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again it creates stagnation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=257.69,260.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stagnation creates facility in such a way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=261.46,264.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And also this non-criticism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=264.966,267.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it means sacred vision of the system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=267.72,269.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Criticism was forbidden","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=271.26,273.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because anybody who criticize","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=273.13,276.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was treated as an enemy of the system of the people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=276.34,278.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=278.75,279.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So these elements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=279.93,281.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mostly associated with the ideological elements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=281.37,286.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"contributed, according to me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=288.957,290.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"negatively to contemporary picture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=290.88,293.922"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of social consciousness of Polish society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=293.922,297.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe I put it too strong.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=299.172,301.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I know that any society needs some kind of unification","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=301.08,305.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Polish society also needed this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=305.57,309.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So maybe communist ideology contributed to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=309.04,314.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"say growth in the unified movement of say Solidarity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=317.46,322.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was so much unified.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=323.18,325.237"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it was also some negative elements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=325.237,328.762"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Solidarity orientation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=328.762,330.226"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Solidarity was treated as a sacred movement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=330.226,332.922"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and any criticism of Solidarity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=332.922,335.508"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"particularly the stages,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=335.508,337.508"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was treated as an enemy behavior,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=339.001,341.751"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like a danger for his group.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=345.05,348.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's more or less,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=348.64,350.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I know that it's only beginning for me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=350.52,354.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's only beginning of say analysis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=354.863,358.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I know that many of these problems I have to discuss","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=358.91,363.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for myself or with myself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=363.48,365.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not sure about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=365.01,365.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it was the reason I decided to talk to you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=365.987,369.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the comment to you on this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=369.04,371.389"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to listen to your comments on this topic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=371.389,376.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=376.15,376.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience applause)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=378.175,381.175"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[Man's voice] We can have three question to the floor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=385.863,390.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Put an end to the discussion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=393.54,394.957"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But okay. Go ahead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=394.957,396.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Where do you see the plans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=397.378,398.955"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the future?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=398.955,400.195"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you think that Polish people will overcome","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=400.195,403.945"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and move to become a partial and just society?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=406.195,410.516"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And answer what you think will take to make that change.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=410.516,414.216"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=414.216,417.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e It would be very easy to repeat an answer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=417.03,421.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which Richard Allan Davis gave when he was asked","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=421.5,424.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the future of politics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=424.73,426.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I am a historian, I not a prophet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=426.503,429.505"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I'm sociologist and sociologists could not say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=429.505,432.738"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sociologists should try to at least foresee,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=432.738,436.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe not predict but somehow foresee the future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=438.555,442.638"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My answer again would be not clear.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=444.84,448.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that this society would survive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=449.777,453.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Means this society would not die.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=453.27,456.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This society would not emigrate as a whole society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=456.02,459.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The society must live,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=459.41,461.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this society will live.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=461.25,463.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=463.36,464.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are a few possibilities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=466.17,468.412"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at least the theoretical,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=468.412,470.245"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that, you know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=470.245,471.495"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me refer to some predictions made in Poland","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=474.888,477.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both let's say on government side and the opposition side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=477.66,481.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You can easily see some kind of side by side development","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=483.25,486.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Polish society after World War II","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=486.39,488.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"practically every 10 years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=489.74,491.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we are very close to '99 and many predicted a crisis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=491.22,496.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is called a realistic expectation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=499.22,503.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That it will be like this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=503.6,505.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it means in late 80s or early 90s","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=505.02,508.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some kind of crisis maybe deeper than,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=510.29,513.496"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these are not the least some kind of recovery","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=513.496,515.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and practically no future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=515.43,517.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The other prediction is a optimistic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=517.53,522.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we are not going to face a crisis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=525.0,527.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because society still in the process of a crisis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=527.2,529.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So in what would be a constant crisis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=529.77,532.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a long known future with no optimistic outlook.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=532.88,537.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It means some people would live,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=537.65,539.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so far nobody dies from the starvation in Poland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=539.57,542.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People are addressed relatively safe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=542.94,547.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and also also a political system is politically,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=547.32,552.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for sure, much less oppressive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=553.387,555.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than it was in this period of history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=555.44,557.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But then also some optimistic outlook","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=559.74,563.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that after all this crisis this society is different.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=563.903,568.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That government finally realizes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=569.95,573.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think the recent mounting pressure resolve,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=573.4,575.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they realize that the opposition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=575.12,579.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a significant part of society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=579.49,581.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a permanent element of political life in Poland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=581.66,585.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And government simply has no choice,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=585.02,586.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but not maybe not to accept opposition formally,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=586.69,589.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but accept it as a reality and do something,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=589.81,594.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"deal somehow with the opposition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=595.29,597.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Public opinion polls taken in he recent five,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=599.33,601.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"six years in Poland rather systematically,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=601.59,604.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both by a government organization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=604.4,607.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and let's say the independent opposition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=607.74,610.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they show very similar picture,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=610.28,612.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"almost a normal curve of attitudes in Polish society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=612.61,616.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It means that almost equal percentage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=616.41,621.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of society supporting government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=621.21,623.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and opposing government openly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=623.12,627.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a great majority,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=627.0,628.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to some extent silent majority,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=628.69,630.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which behaves depends on the situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=630.99,633.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In sympathy this majority draws close to opposition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=633.84,638.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But your realize behavior,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=638.58,639.854"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for instance voting behavior,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=639.854,641.492"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that they are close to the government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=641.492,644.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the situation is not clear,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=644.03,647.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it became stable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=647.44,649.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It might be for a long time for its political, economically.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=649.28,650.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Politically you can expect a miracle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=653.954,655.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In Poland history knows such a miracle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=655.98,660.824"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In political life but not economical life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=660.824,663.586"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So optimists can predict miracles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=663.586,666.336"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in political life of Poland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=668.137,669.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But nobody predicts a miracle in economical life.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=669.36,673.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So economically I don't expect","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=673.64,676.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"any better changes in near future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=676.24,681.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But also I don't expect I total collapse.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=681.2,684.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that despite a gloomy picture,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=684.84,689.537"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"despite black predictions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=692.61,695.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that it will not be a catastrophe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=695.67,699.027"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What kind of forces would support eventual changes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=703.34,708.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again, let's say another story.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=712.4,715.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another long,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=715.12,715.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at least let's say 15 minutes comment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=718.68,720.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"probably on some pressure group","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=720.7,725.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or basic division Polish society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=725.34,728.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in dimension of support or counter of changes reform","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=730.02,734.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=734.94,735.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is not true that, let's say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=735.773,738.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"government oppose changes in society is pro-change,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=738.67,743.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or vice versa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=744.489,745.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that government tries to introduce change","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=745.523,748.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but society opposes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=748.06,750.636"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The reason is within government and within society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=750.636,754.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there are strong, important group in society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=754.2,756.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are in favor of changes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=756.75,758.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even if it means some painful changes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=758.55,761.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But there are also very strong","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=761.71,763.187"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and also passive number a bottom group of society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=763.187,768.187"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which oppose changes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=769.12,772.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Who are afraid of changes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=772.25,773.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Workers aristocracy is afraid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=773.513,775.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Low skewed industrial workers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=778.13,780.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"loaded with older people are simply afraid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=781.217,783.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they know that real changes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=783.86,786.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would mean for them unemployment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=786.06,790.382"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and after this necessity to adopt to more challenging,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=790.382,792.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or difficult maybe better pay,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=795.02,797.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but any way difficult conditions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=797.78,802.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it is very complicated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=802.3,804.525"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I simply cannot describe you all these.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=804.525,809.525"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again, I think that I don't believe in no out situation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=810.34,815.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe individual cases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=818.59,820.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in the case of whole society or nation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=820.17,823.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there are always some possibilities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=823.25,825.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But another side,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=825.59,826.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"history, recent and ancient history,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=826.423,829.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"shows that for a long time blooming society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=829.45,834.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went into depression","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=835.18,836.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and remained there for centuries sometimes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=836.66,839.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it might be that Poland will remain somewhere","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=839.84,842.617"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the margin of your effort to the next generation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=842.617,845.285"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's also possible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=845.285,846.868"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=851.368,852.926"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I would like to ask you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=852.926,854.805"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about this stagnation modernization that you referred to.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=854.805,859.555"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If I were to rearrange the order of how we talk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=862.923,867.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and say for example,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=867.45,870.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the open modernized communism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=870.28,872.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is this really a problem?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=874.12,875.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, we see today drastic changes in the governments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=877.25,881.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Russia and China,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=882.51,884.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's happening in Hungary,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=884.0,885.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and one wonders what if their society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=885.79,890.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"does not outgrow these governments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=890.933,893.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without grappling with change,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=893.01,895.194"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there will be no more room for confrontation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=895.194,898.944"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I would respond to say politics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=902.54,904.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I agree that Polish society proposed modernized communist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=904.33,909.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or changed from the very beginning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=910.18,913.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you look at the model","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=913.53,916.705"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and morality of communist government in Poland","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=916.705,919.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you'll find that only in the brief period","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=919.81,922.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between '49 and '54,55,56 let's say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=922.3,926.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"model of socialism and model of government in Poland","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=927.07,930.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were very close to I hear model imposed by Starling","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=930.11,933.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or by Soviet 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again","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=938.8,941.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you compare,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=941.48,942.477"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this same time only,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=942.477,944.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"situation in Poland and in Soviet union,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=944.78,947.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hungary, Bulgaria, and Slovakia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=947.6,949.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you find that Polish communist was more,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=949.9,953.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let's say human or less oppressive than others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=953.88,957.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were people sometimes there's other","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=957.78,960.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that based upon his statement and executed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=963.13,968.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but not many of them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=973.32,974.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Much less than in the other societies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=974.22,978.934"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But after this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=978.934,980.184"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this system did change.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=982.48,984.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was I think unthinking about in early 50s","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=984.67,988.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that Polish peasantry remained","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=988.21,993.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as individual independent group.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=993.58,997.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it 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strong,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1002.718,1007.718"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such important role in society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1007.78,1009.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The communities had no choice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1010.97,1013.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The territorial society was too strong","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1013.46,1016.295"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in may other dimensions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1016.295,1018.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again Poland so far the only","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1018.89,1021.961"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lohangarin country when he was not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1021.961,1023.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there is a different this exception","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1023.94,1027.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which a citizen can travel everywhere practically freely.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1027.72,1030.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are restrictions but as exception not as a rule.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1031.598,1036.371"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So again, it's also a source of some kind of my optimism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1036.371,1041.371"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that what looked impossible 25 years ago is possible now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1041.84,1046.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So maybe what looks impossible right now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1046.12,1048.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would be possible maybe 10 years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1048.99,1051.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe in in two years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1051.47,1053.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have to say so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1053.29,1054.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that Polish society because of these 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definition?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1059.89,1062.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That what was modern is good,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1062.043,1064.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what was traditional is bad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1064.1,1065.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean it's the Polish case.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1065.5,1066.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Polish society after World War II","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1066.82,1068.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was what traditionally strong attachment to tradition,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1068.557,1072.132"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to resistance, to tribes, to religion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1072.132,1075.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had this society and had to change the system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1075.12,1078.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So if Poland accepted without resistance this modernization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1078.18,1083.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which communist introduced,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1087.95,1090.768"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it was some kind of modernization for sure,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1090.768,1093.861"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"probably they would lose much more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1093.861,1095.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than they lost the opposing this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1097.67,1100.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And sticking to traditional values.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1100.12,1105.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But another side,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1109.39,1110.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that this society in some cases,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1110.43,1114.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe not many acted against internet","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1114.06,1118.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because some elements as a wise important changes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1118.42,1122.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were opposed only because they were imposed by communists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1122.19,1126.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They could be in the good for society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1126.38,1128.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they were resisted because they were used by communists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1128.47,1132.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But generally,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1132.41,1133.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think this traditionalism of Polish society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1133.243,1137.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"contributed positively to present state of the society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1137.7,1142.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's small as my comment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1144.35,1145.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know. Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1147.93,1149.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e How would you demonstrate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1149.29,1150.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that politics of the United States towards Poland?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1150.49,1154.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Do you think that if the United States,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1154.153,1157.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a huge country, can do their politics in whatever,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1157.103,1161.349"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"try to help us manage better that they did so far?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1161.349,1165.617"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I am not in position to evaluate American policy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1171.34,1175.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the one I think that American policy to alter Poland","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1176.292,1179.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a part of American global policy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1179.273,1181.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or policy towards Soviet Union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1181.88,1183.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Poland was treated outside not so much like a partner,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1183.22,1188.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a subject on these policies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1188.28,1190.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's my general impression.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1190.1,1193.882"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the second,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1193.882,1196.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let me repeat what I heard a few months ago in California.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1197.327,1202.327"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I met an American journalists who talked to Walesa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1204.17,1208.896"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the leader of Solidarity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1208.896,1210.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over a year ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1210.153,1211.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he asked me why Walesa answered his questions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1211.33,1214.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in such a way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1214.453,1215.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He asked what people of American government can do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1215.35,1219.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for Poland Solidarity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1219.23,1221.215"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Walesa answered, \"Right now, nothing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1221.215,1224.632"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We Poles, we must solve our own problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1225.98,1229.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1229.11,1229.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right now help,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1229.943,1231.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you say financial or other with not very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1231.62,1236.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What we need is a reconstruction of our society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1236.06,1240.638"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of our economy, of our relations.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1240.638,1242.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this journalist felt that Walesa simply didn't trust him","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1242.32,1247.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and was trying to dodge him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1247.55,1249.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I agree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1249.59,1250.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that right to some extent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1250.423,1252.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That right now what the Polish society needs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1252.9,1254.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is deep internal changes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1254.96,1257.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That additional $5 or $10 million","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1257.26,1259.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right now will not help us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1259.04,1261.307"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It will bring relief but not real changes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1261.307,1265.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it's painful but I agree with him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1265.41,1267.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That we have no choice,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1267.67,1268.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Poland has no choice but to go along","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1268.85,1273.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to go through all it's internal problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1274.78,1278.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe right now is help not to interfere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1279.36,1282.507"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not to much interfere","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1283.517,1284.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it's really very sensitive period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1284.78,1289.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I left Poland in September","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1292.733,1295.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and since then a lot has changed as I know in Poland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1295.1,1297.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I am not sure what,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1297.85,1300.534"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that I don't know","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1300.534,1302.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what people in Poland think right now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1302.03,1304.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That there is probably a lot of change","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1304.36,1306.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in social consciousness in Polish society since September.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1306.27,1309.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I am referring mostly to the commonwealth","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1309.5,1313.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of state of social consciousness a year ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1315.12,1318.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are many discussion, you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1324.33,1325.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether it's what was the real effect operation sanctions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1325.78,1330.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after the martial law was declared.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1330.47,1332.577"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For sure, for a long distance they hurt the society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1332.577,1335.627"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But again, hard to say what would happen towards Poland,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1335.627,1339.547"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"its society if Reagan administration","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1339.547,1342.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did not impose these sanctions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1342.76,1344.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Simply we cannot answer this question empirically.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1345.65,1348.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe Polish economy would be in better shape.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1349.75,1353.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe Polish people would live a little bit better.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1353.62,1356.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But another side,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1356.25,1357.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we really don't know","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1357.61,1359.011"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what shaped internal policy of General Jaruzelski government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1359.011,1364.011"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"towards the opposition or society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1367.19,1369.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Would he go to wards summarization without sanctions or not?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1369.893,1374.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I simply don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1375.939,1376.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I simply don't know what would be the American policy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1376.873,1380.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1381.917,1382.917"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e What is the core of the Solidarity?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1390.444,1393.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because basically he was against the principle of communism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1393.81,1398.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or was it more of the ever increasing demands","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1398.89,1403.265"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the Solidarity for concession from the government?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1403.265,1407.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which was predominant call?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1407.61,1409.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Again I think it's not easy to dash Solidarity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1414.65,1418.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because first of all it was a short period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1419.68,1421.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Second, it was a very spontaneous,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1421.383,1424.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a very traditional,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1424.493,1425.585"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a very emotional movement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1425.585,1430.585"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think that Solidarity is simply as a movement,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1430.7,1435.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a whole movement,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1435.51,1436.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went to some extent out of control of its leader.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1436.343,1439.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the leader simply,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1439.743,1441.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whereas to some extent","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1443.7,1445.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pressed by the various demands of a society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1445.13,1449.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were and there are still a lot of discussion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1451.24,1454.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Could Solidarity survive?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1455.51,1457.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Could Solidarity behave differently?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1457.51,1460.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Could Solidarity be,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1460.06,1461.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or should be more cooperative?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1461.55,1463.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Could Solidarity being incorporated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1463.95,1466.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the somehow modernizing system of Polish society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1466.06,1470.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And practically all of these questions are still open.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1470.55,1474.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think that Solidarity was acting,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1479.71,1482.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Solidarity was created","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1482.61,1484.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and behave in particular circumstances.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1484.01,1487.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's these circumstances,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1487.0,1489.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not Solidarity by itself,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1489.15,1491.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"should be blamed for failure of Solidarity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1491.23,1495.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is not Solidarity who created the circumstances.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1496.2,1499.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were created by years of mistake,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1499.63,1503.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by years of mismanagement,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1503.82,1505.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by years of political mistakes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1505.88,1508.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Solidarity simply was a result","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1508.19,1510.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of all these complicated circumstances.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1510.63,1513.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Really it's my answer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1517.069,1518.757"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, Solidarity made many mistakes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1520.94,1522.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but Solidarity should not be blamed for these mistakes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1522.95,1526.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Solidarity reacted to circumstances.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1526.3,1529.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I agree that history is not a specialism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1531.15,1535.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that any period of historic could go another way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1535.03,1539.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And history of Solidarity also probably","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1539.11,1542.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could go another way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1542.04,1543.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it happens already.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1543.7,1545.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Remember that these people who behaved as the leader","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1547.3,1550.274"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or a average member Solidarity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1550.274,1554.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"behave in particular situations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1554.15,1557.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They knowledge about current situation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1557.1,1560.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about plans of governance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1560.68,1562.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about general social moods","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1562.86,1566.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was limited by circumstances,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1566.26,1568.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by lack of information.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1568.95,1571.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it simply happened.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1571.19,1572.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think they know it's a very easy answer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1572.91,1576.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it's my answer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1576.92,1578.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It simply happened.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1578.14,1579.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1579.1,1583.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I say let's imagine a Solidarity became very passively","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1583.84,1587.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after, I don't know when.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1589.0,1592.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It depends.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1593.71,1594.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1594.543,1596.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1596.683,1598.868"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"meeting of Solidarity in dice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1598.868,1601.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nobody knows what would happen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1602.69,1604.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At least I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1604.39,1605.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know plans,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1605.55,1606.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know a strategies of the said governments at time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1606.93,1609.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because probably strategy is also very general","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1610.92,1614.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we dependent on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1614.27,1615.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know when the decision","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1615.65,1617.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to use martial law in Poland was made.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1617.1,1620.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Probably sometime in September with the plans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1620.2,1623.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But again, it was a final decision.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1623.22,1625.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Could Solidarity avoid this?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1625.89,1627.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I simply don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1627.75,1629.007"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what my sociological explanation is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1629.007,1631.624"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that Solidarity acted in particular circumstances.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1631.624,1635.617"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The circumstances were created not by Solidarity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1635.617,1638.889"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was created by (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1638.889,1642.349"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Solidarity was both for the result of this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1642.349,1644.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and as a response to these circumstances.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1644.78,1648.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1652.85,1654.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I know that I feel that it's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1655.85,1658.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I touched only a small part a very broad problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1658.67,1663.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I tried.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1663.6,1664.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe in future I could tell something more precise,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1664.61,1668.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"better than now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1668.88,1670.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you so much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=1670.33,1671.733"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25133/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/133/original/AV203758_Did_Communism_Modernize_Poland_b.vtt?1620062612","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/133/original/AV203758_Did_Communism_Modernize_Poland_b.vtt?1620062612"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25134","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203758_Did_Communism_Modernize_Poland_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093/transcript/25134/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Final level and it was I think very pluralistic. Content of Polish education, even the history and literature in the so-called ideological science, like philosophy, sociology, or other courses which were taught at the university level were never adjusted to Marxist ideology. It was always a pluralistic orientation philosophy. So we did like this. But let me go, I know it says my time is almost over but still a few minutes. On the negative elements. I mentioned some of them. I think from the it was very hard to rank them, so either to put them in let's say random orbits. Tendency for unification. As in that is basic communist ideology, that society should be unified, everybody should seem to behave in the same way. Which was again, it was on the attempt to introduce in early 50s, but listed always . And again unification tendency is according to me anti-modern tendency society. Modern society could not be unified. And the next element is anti-individualism, what's connected with with the unification, collectivism. And again it was anti-individualism, it killed the human initiative. And now we suffer from this. People even as human given freedom to do, to act individually they are afraid because the individualism fortunately was not killed completely, but what was killed in many dimensions in Polish society. And the next negative element was a lack of the clear picture of the future of social development. So for communist socialism, the communists met an end of history, end of social social development. They expect that the wider society, we don't have to do anything more. It's socially society was perceived as a stable society. Everybody would be attached whole life to the same dogma, and then get the same pay and pay the same prices, and practically everything would be organized once and for all. And again it was, it was, and reality was dangerous. It means people forgot how to think about changes. How to foresee and expect the changes. Again, I am talking about some ideological influence, not always it was the reality, but anyway, it wasn't. Each of these elements of policy ideology had some influence. Sometime people unconsciously accepted them or introduced them because they were not educated and grown in this system. There were those also, I think a danger, particularly in 50s was a strong concept of energy. Communist as ideology was ideology of fight, of war against the enemy. So it's contributed to the xenophobia, to this fear of pluralism. Though it was very strong concept. Not only that we and others but we against other or others against us, particularly in the 50s. But in ideology right now because it's in solid union practically to date or to go battle field. And also it was difficult for all as a political culture, let's say or lack of political culture in communist system was a lack of any alternative programs of development. Always on the one program of training was discussed. Practically never alternative programs. Well they might be discusses somewhere within a party but never publicly in the society, for the society was never given or submitted alternative programs of developments. And again it creates stagnation, stagnation creates facility in such a way. And also this non-criticism it means sacred vision of the system. Criticism was forbidden because anybody who criticize was treated as an enemy of the system of the people, and so on. So these elements mostly associated with the ideological elements contributed, according to me, negatively to contemporary picture of social consciousness of Polish society. Maybe I put it too strong. I know that any society needs some kind of unification and Polish society also needed this. So maybe communist ideology contributed to say growth in the unified movement of say Solidarity which was so much unified. But it was also some negative elements in Solidarity orientation. Solidarity was treated as a sacred movement and any criticism of Solidarity, particularly the stages, was treated as an enemy behavior, like a danger for his group. So it's more or less, I know that it's only beginning for me, it's only beginning of say analysis. I know that many of these problems I have to discuss for myself or with myself. I'm not sure about that. But it was the reason I decided to talk to you, the comment to you on this, to listen to your comments on this topic. Thank you. [Man's voice] We can have three question to the floor.\r\n\r\n- Put an end to the discussion. But okay. Go ahead.\r\n\r\n- Where do you see the plans for the future? Do you think that Polish people will overcome and move to become a partial and just society? And answer what you think will take to make that change.\r\n\r\n- It would be very easy to repeat an answer which Richard Allan Davis gave when he was asked about the future of politics. I am a historian, I not a prophet. But I'm sociologist and sociologists could not say, sociologists should try to at least foresee, maybe not predict but somehow foresee the future. My answer again would be not clear. I think that this society would survive. Means this society would not die. This society would not emigrate as a whole society. The society must live, and this society will live. How? There are a few possibilities, at least the theoretical, that, you know. Let me refer to some predictions made in Poland both let's say on government side and the opposition side. You can easily see some kind of side by side development of Polish society after World War II practically every 10 years. So we are very close to '99 and many predicted a crisis. It is called a realistic expectation That it will be like this, it means in late 80s or early 90s some kind of crisis maybe deeper than, these are not the least some kind of recovery and practically no future. The other prediction is a optimistic that we are not going to face a crisis because society still in the process of a crisis. So in what would be a constant crisis in a long known future with no optimistic outlook. It means some people would live, so far nobody dies from the starvation in Poland. People are addressed relatively safe and also also a political system is politically, for sure, much less oppressive than it was in this period of history. But then also some optimistic outlook that after all this crisis this society is different. That government finally realizes, I think the recent mounting pressure resolve, that they realize that the opposition as a significant part of society is a permanent element of political life in Poland. And government simply has no choice, but not maybe not to accept opposition formally, but accept it as a reality and do something, deal somehow with the opposition. Public opinion polls taken in he recent five, six years in Poland rather systematically, both by a government organization and let's say the independent opposition they show very similar picture, almost a normal curve of attitudes in Polish society. It means that almost equal percentage of society supporting government and opposing government openly, and a great majority, to some extent silent majority, which behaves depends on the situation. In sympathy this majority draws close to opposition. But your realize behavior, for instance voting behavior, is that they are close to the government. So the situation is not clear, but it became stable. It might be for a long time for its political, economically. Politically you can expect a miracle. In Poland history knows such a miracle. In political life but not economical life. So optimists can predict miracles in political life of Poland. But nobody predicts a miracle in economical life. So economically I don't expect any better changes in near future. But also I don't expect I total collapse. I think that despite a gloomy picture, despite black predictions, I think that it will not be a catastrophe. What kind of forces would support eventual changes? Again, let's say another story. Another long, at least let's say 15 minutes comment probably on some pressure group or basic division Polish society in dimension of support or counter of changes reform and so on. It is not true that, let's say, government oppose changes in society is pro-change, or vice versa. that government tries to introduce change but society opposes. The reason is within government and within society, there are strong, important group in society, which are in favor of changes even if it means some painful changes. But there are also very strong and also passive number a bottom group of society which oppose changes. Who are afraid of changes. Workers aristocracy is afraid. Low skewed industrial workers loaded with older people are simply afraid because they know that real changes would mean for them unemployment, and after this necessity to adopt to more challenging, or difficult maybe better pay, but any way difficult conditions. So it is very complicated and I simply cannot describe you all these. Again, I think that I don't believe in no out situation, maybe individual cases. But in the case of whole society or nation there are always some possibilities. But another side, history, recent and ancient history, shows that for a long time blooming society went into depression and remained there for centuries sometimes. So it might be that Poland will remain somewhere in the margin of your effort to the next generation. It's also possible.\r\n\r\n- Okay.\r\n\r\n- I would like to ask you about this stagnation modernization that you referred to. If I were to rearrange the order of how we talk and say for example, the open modernized communism. Is this really a problem? For example, we see today drastic changes in the governments of Russia and China, it's happening in Hungary, and one wonders what if their society does not outgrow these governments without grappling with change, there will be no more room for confrontation.\r\n\r\n- I would respond to say politics. I agree that Polish society proposed modernized communist or changed from the very beginning. If you look at the model and morality of communist government in Poland you'll find that only in the brief period between '49 and '54,55,56 let's say, model of socialism and model of government in Poland were very close to I hear model imposed by Starling or by Soviet Union. And even in this period, Polish I think model again if you compare, this same time only, situation in Poland and in Soviet union, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Slovakia, you find that Polish communist was more, let's say human or less oppressive than others. There were people sometimes there's other that based upon his statement and executed, but not many of them. Much less than in the other societies. But after this, this system did change. It was I think unthinking about in early 50s that Polish peasantry remained as individual independent group. And it remained. And also it was against the basic elements of a communist system that church could play such strong, such important role in society. The communities had no choice. The territorial society was too strong in may other dimensions. Again Poland so far the only Lohangarin country when he was not there is a different this exception in which a citizen can travel everywhere practically freely. There are restrictions but as exception not as a rule. So again, it's also a source of some kind of my optimism, that what looked impossible 25 years ago is possible now. So maybe what looks impossible right now would be possible maybe 10 years, maybe in in two years. I have to say so. I think that Polish society because of these traditional, again I guess I going back, I think what was the definition? That what was modern is good, what was traditional is bad. I mean it's the Polish case. Polish society after World War II was what traditionally strong attachment to tradition, to resistance, to tribes, to religion had this society and had to change the system. So if Poland accepted without resistance this modernization which communist introduced, and it was some kind of modernization for sure, probably they would lose much more than they lost the opposing this. And sticking to traditional values. But another side, I think that this society in some cases, maybe not many acted against internet because some elements as a wise important changes were opposed only because they were imposed by communists. They could be in the good for society but they were resisted because they were used by communists. But generally, I think this traditionalism of Polish society contributed positively to present state of the society. That's small as my comment. I don't know. Yeah.\r\n\r\n- How would you demonstrate that politics of the United States towards Poland? Do you think that if the United States, a huge country, can do their politics in whatever, try to help us manage better that they did so far?\r\n\r\n- I am not in position to evaluate American policy. That's the one I think that American policy to alter Poland was a part of American global policy or policy towards Soviet Union. Poland was treated outside not so much like a partner, as a subject on these policies. It's my general impression. And the second, let me repeat what I heard a few months ago in California. I met an American journalists who talked to Walesa, the leader of Solidarity, over a year ago. And he asked me why Walesa answered his questions in such a way. He asked what people of American government can do for Poland Solidarity. And Walesa answered, \"Right now, nothing. We Poles, we must solve our own problem. Maybe later. Right now help, and you say financial or other with not very much. What we need is a reconstruction of our society, of our economy, of our relations.\" And this journalist felt that Walesa simply didn't trust him and was trying to dodge him. But I agree. I think that right to some extent. That right now what the Polish society needs that is deep internal changes. That additional $5 or $10 million right now will not help us. It will bring relief but not real changes. I think it's painful but I agree with him. That we have no choice, Poland has no choice but to go along and to go through all it's internal problems. Maybe right now is help not to interfere. Not to much interfere because it's really very sensitive period. I left Poland in September and since then a lot has changed as I know in Poland. So I am not sure what, I think that I don't know what people in Poland think right now. That there is probably a lot of change in social consciousness in Polish society since September. So I am referring mostly to the commonwealth of state of social consciousness a year ago. There are many discussion, you know, whether it's what was the real effect operation sanctions after the martial law was declared. For sure, for a long distance they hurt the society. But again, hard to say what would happen towards Poland, its society if Reagan administration did not impose these sanctions. Simply we cannot answer this question empirically. Maybe Polish economy would be in better shape. Maybe Polish people would live a little bit better. But another side, we really don't know what shaped internal policy of General Jaruzelski government towards the opposition or society. Would he go to wards summarization without sanctions or not? I simply don't know. I simply don't know what would be the American policy.\r\n\r\n- Thank you.\r\n\r\n- What is the core of the Solidarity? Because basically he was against the principle of communism, or was it more of the ever increasing demands from the Solidarity for concession from the government? Which was predominant call?\r\n\r\n- Again I think it's not easy to dash Solidarity because first of all it was a short period. Second, it was a very spontaneous, a very traditional, a very emotional movement. And I think that Solidarity is simply as a movement, as a whole movement, went to some extent out of control of its leader. And the leader simply, whereas to some extent pressed by the various demands of a society. There were and there are still a lot of discussion. Could Solidarity survive? Could Solidarity behave differently? Could Solidarity be, or should be more cooperative? Could Solidarity being incorporated in the somehow modernizing system of Polish society. And practically all of these questions are still open. I think that Solidarity was acting, Solidarity was created and behave in particular circumstances. And it's these circumstances, not Solidarity by itself, should be blamed for failure of Solidarity. It is not Solidarity who created the circumstances. They were created by years of mistake, by years of mismanagement, by years of political mistakes. And Solidarity simply was a result of all these complicated circumstances. Really it's my answer. Yes, Solidarity made many mistakes, but Solidarity should not be blamed for these mistakes. Solidarity reacted to circumstances. I agree that history is not a specialism, that any period of historic could go another way. And history of Solidarity also probably could go another way. But it happens already. Remember that these people who behaved as the leader or a average member Solidarity behave in particular situations. They knowledge about current situation, about plans of governance, about general social moods was limited by circumstances, by lack of information. So it simply happened. I think they know it's a very easy answer. But it's my answer. It simply happened. And I don't know. I say let's imagine a Solidarity became very passively after, I don't know when. It depends. After I'll meeting of Solidarity in dice. Nobody knows what would happen. At least I don't know. I don't know plans, I don't know a strategies of the said governments at time. Because probably strategy is also very general and we dependent on. I don't know when the decision to use martial law in Poland was made. Probably sometime in September with the plans. But again, it was a final decision. Could Solidarity avoid this? I simply don't know. But what my sociological explanation is that Solidarity acted in particular circumstances. The circumstances were created not by Solidarity. It was created by . And Solidarity was both for the result of this, and as a response to these circumstances. Thank you very much. So I know that I feel that it's that I touched only a small part a very broad problem. But I tried. Maybe in future I could tell something more precise, better than now. Thank you so much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40471/file/112093#t=0.0,1676.19918"}]}]}]}