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year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=17.94,20.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was involved in the (speech drowned out by coughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=21.68,23.977"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Czechoslovakia that really kicked off last November 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Workers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=36.36,38.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The US Student Association is...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=39.0,42.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Julianne Marley, the former governor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=42.25,43.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the student body president from a few years ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=43.96,46.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is now the president of the US Student Association.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=46.11,48.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll turn it over to Peter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=50.46,52.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you, Tim.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=53.49,54.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hello.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=55.31,56.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(whistling)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=56.763,57.596"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=57.596,58.429"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Does this work?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=58.429,59.262"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, I think it's okay without a mic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=59.262,60.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=60.7,61.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hello, everybody.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=63.65,64.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm Peter Matern from Prague, Czechoslovakia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=64.71,67.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from a university which was founded in the year 1348.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=68.49,73.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Prague is capital of Czechoslovakia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=77.55,80.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I want to express many cordial thanks to Tim Sylvester,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=80.5,85.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to the United States Student Association","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=85.84,89.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which invited me here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=89.07,90.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Especially, Julianne Marley,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=90.67,92.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which comes from this nice town in Iowa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=92.72,97.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To express very many cordial thanks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=100.2,102.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for this wonderful opportunity to stand here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=102.01,104.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to speak with you, or in front of you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=104.7,109.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I studied to be a doctor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=109.56,113.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the doctor always begins an examination of the patient","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=113.45,118.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by taking his family history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=119.34,122.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, let's return a couple of years ago in my own history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=122.22,127.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, a boy becomes a man by falling in 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lives","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=163.89,167.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after the Soviet-led military invasion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=168.57,172.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of my beautiful country in the year 1968.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=172.36,176.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, this is also the time, this is the same period of time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=178.33,183.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as you remember well, too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=186.01,188.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The year 1968 was a kind of tragic year","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=189.63,194.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the US, I guess, too,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=195.51,197.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by murdering Dr. King and President Kennedy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=197.28,202.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, these were the moving late '60s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=202.03,207.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, and after that turning point of our history,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=207.07,212.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the generation of our parents","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=212.5,214.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was more and more humiliated by the regime.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=214.73,219.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"May I have the slide number one, and two, and three?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=219.16,222.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Will you be so kind, Ralph?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=222.8,224.887"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These slides will remind you on that terrible year,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=227.04,231.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"1968, in our history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=231.87,234.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I hope we'll see something.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=241.41,245.387"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When during the August, 1968, it looked in Prague","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=248.26,253.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like during the wartime.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=254.07,256.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(mumbling)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=256.1,257.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Over probably to here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=257.58,259.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=261.01,261.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I think we get the lights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=261.843,262.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Mm-hmm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=262.84,263.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay, are they going now?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=272.609,274.637"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=274.637,275.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Now. Mm-hmm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=280.632,281.799"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A few slides I just wanted to remind you of that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=289.3,292.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is the second slide.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=298.13,299.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lenin woke up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=303.05,306.324"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(mumbling)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=306.324,308.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=308.563,310.505"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the inscription on the window","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=310.505,312.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Czechoslovak airline company in the 1968.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=312.85,317.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I want to remark here that in that time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=318.53,321.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people believed that the reformation of society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=321.51,325.717"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can be led by the communist itself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=331.088,333.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And really, in 1968, it was a reformation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=333.29,338.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from inside the Communist Party, which differs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=338.29,342.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the situation nowadays,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=342.4,344.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the people realized that the reform","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=344.27,347.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can be started by non-communists,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=347.76,351.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"excluding the Communist Party at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=351.29,354.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is our nice...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=354.84,356.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is the statue of Saint Wenceslas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=360.511,362.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the top of the Wenceslas Square,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=363.58,365.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is the biggest square in Europe,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=365.66,367.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where mostly all demonstrations took place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=367.36,371.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during the whole Czech history, especially in 1968,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=374.04,377.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then in 1989, as you will see later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=377.53,382.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=383.16,383.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, so, our generation, our parents","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=388.08,391.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were humiliated by regime, as I said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=391.67,393.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and our generation, the youngsters,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=393.76,396.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we went into what Havel describes as an intern exile.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=397.83,402.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Refusing to take part in the social events","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=403.64,408.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the public life, because it seemed to us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=408.81,413.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be without sense to do activities like that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=415.541,420.541"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the communist regime.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=420.81,422.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, now I stand in front of you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=422.67,427.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the country with a strong roots of democratic traditions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=427.57,432.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and paradoxically, I was invited to talk to you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=432.84,435.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about our democracy, or better said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=435.43,439.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about our struggle in creating it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=439.1,441.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, it's a big challenge,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=441.68,443.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I would like to share my feelings and memories","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=443.82,446.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the struggle, how it was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=446.24,448.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, on the November, 17th of November, 1989,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=450.34,454.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"students took to the streets of Prague","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=455.95,458.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to peacefully commemorate the same day in 1939","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=458.87,463.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when a Czech student, Jan Opletal, was killed by Nazis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=463.14,467.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Afterwards, this date, the 17th of November","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=467.42,470.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was officially proclaimed as an International Student Day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=471.1,474.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And now, 40 years later another totalitarian regime,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=475.74,480.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"communism, used armed police, rubber clubs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=480.76,483.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and brutal force to crash the peaceful demonstration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=483.98,487.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, now, let's say which 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children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=506.96,509.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And apparently, they were justified, as you will see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=510.34,515.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And these riots began a year before 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1918.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=525.9,530.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then another big outburst of unsatisfaction took place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=531.547,536.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during a week in January, in 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Palach,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=543.78,546.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who burned himself in protest of Soviet occupation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=546.84,551.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the year 1969.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=552.55,554.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And at this time, Vaclav Havel,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=555.84,558.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our now celebrated president, was arrested,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=558.31,562.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Rude Pravo, the official party press,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=562.64,567.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"printed really a dirty and scandalous article about him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=568.21,572.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this, paradoxically, attracted more public interest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=572.68,577.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"throughout his prison,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=577.02,578.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he had become broadly popular.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=579.84,583.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, let's just remark that not only the Charter 77 people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=584.49,589.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like Vaclav Havel,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=591.93,593.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Charter 77 was the backbone of the Czechoslovak","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=594.2,597.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"opposition movement activate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=597.71,600.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, not only these people were 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communists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=614.72,616.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"became more and more dissatisfied.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=618.83,620.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, let me interrupt now my speech","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=623.12,626.901"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and tell you a true story,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=626.901,628.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which happened to me during January, 1989.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=631.14,634.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was in the afternoon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=638.12,642.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It happened in the 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downtown","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=652.47,656.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to see what's going on in the streets,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=656.29,658.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because everybody knew at that time that every 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us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=664.7,669.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they knocked him down, my friend.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=671.17,676.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They knocked him down to the 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already","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=690.09,693.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very many people were arrested.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=693.56,696.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, in this very moment, I said goodbye to my school,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=696.02,701.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because, well, I said goodbye,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=702.12,706.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because if they would know that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=706.76,710.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so I would be kicked out of the school.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=710.37,712.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the policeman going to the policeman bus,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=714.27,719.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he just told me that he don't want to work this job,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=722.41,726.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make this job, and he is really fed up, too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=726.72,731.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, when we came to the metro station,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=731.38,733.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so he led my hand and he said, \"Just run away.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=733.76,738.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, I was the more lucky from both of us, with my friend.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=738.15,743.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=745.82,746.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, this was the beginning of the year 1989.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=758.04,762.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"May I ask for the slide four and five?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=765.936,769.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I think you can do it from here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=769.12,771.164"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Here? Really?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=771.164,772.019"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, go ahead and just--","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=772.019,773.164"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e This one?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=773.164,774.079"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e If you pull.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=774.079,774.977"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, turn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=774.977,775.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Mm-hmm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=775.81,776.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=776.643,777.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Try again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=777.98,778.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=780.707,781.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=781.54,782.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e And up here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=782.86,783.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=783.693,784.526"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Then when you're done, you can turn the lights on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=784.526,787.717"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Maybe a little bit higher, no?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=791.24,792.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where are the lights?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=794.04,795.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=795.53,796.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=796.51,797.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No (mumbling).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=798.402,800.985"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Excuse me for the interruption.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=802.88,804.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e This turns on, turns off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=804.77,806.867"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Uh-huh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=806.867,807.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e And then here are the spotlights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=807.883,809.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I think, yes, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=809.0,811.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, these are the policemen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=817.58,819.443"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is the same statue as 20 years ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=820.519,823.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as you have seen from the former slide.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=823.43,827.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, this is the very spot of the very many","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=827.58,830.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"historical events in Czechoslovakia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=830.71,833.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Saint Wenceslas on the horse,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=833.37,836.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the policemen nowadays picking up people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=836.07,839.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like you see there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=839.65,841.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe you see in the bottom of the slide.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=841.26,845.017"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, so it looked like that in January, 1989.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=846.23,851.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=856.23,857.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, all this led to the trigger point","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=857.948,862.005"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the 17th of November, 1989.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=862.005,865.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course, I should remember you and say that the changes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=865.54,870.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the eastern Europe, particularly in the Soviet Union,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=871.12,874.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"made the events in Czechoslovakia possible, of course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=874.97,879.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Mr. Gorbachev set many things into motion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=879.15,882.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Maybe many things he even didn't foresee at that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=882.65,886.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And without Polish solidarity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=887.24,891.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the democratic opposition in Hungary,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=891.05,893.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for example, Felis, our changes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=894.79,897.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"might not have occurred so quickly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=897.59,900.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And also, of course, last, but not least,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=900.45,905.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the changes in East Germany.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=905.23,908.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Prague, at that time, was a kind of transfer city","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=909.28,913.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for East German people who 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people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=930.62,933.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"German people being there in the garden of the embassy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=933.78,937.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think, well, they didn't say 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know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=944.68,946.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But they, in the same time, they realized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=946.32,949.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that there is no other Czechoslovakia to defect to,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=949.58,953.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like East Germany people have their West Germany.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=955.54,960.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, every change should take 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people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=970.33,975.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, the immediate reason","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=977.53,979.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the Czechoslovak Revolution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=979.38,981.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was the massacre of the students demonstration","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=981.09,984.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the 17th of November, 1989,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=984.02,986.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which enraged really the whole nation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=986.87,990.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because everybody, everyone 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police.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=997.75,1000.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Just imagine we went with candles and flowers in our hands,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1001.1,1006.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and suddenly police came and massacred our demonstration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1008.24,1013.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, as a result of this, already during the first week","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1015.94,1018.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"following the Friday demonstration,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1020.83,1022.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a strike committee of all of the Prague colleges","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1022.63,1025.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was created, and I was a member of this strike committee.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1025.6,1029.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But let's see the demonstration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1029.16,1032.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's on the first videotape, yeah?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1032.4,1034.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's see some parts of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1035.8,1037.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I apologize myself for the quality of the copy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1041.17,1045.245"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(speaking in foreign language)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1045.245,1049.162"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1057.517,1058.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are the pictures from a theater,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1061.103,1064.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the artist, the actors refused to play","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1066.2,1071.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during these weeks and they turned their stages","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1071.89,1075.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into a kind of public forums and discussion forums.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1075.41,1079.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And nobody claimed the money back for their entrance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1079.993,1084.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But let's turn...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1087.24,1091.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, let's go a little bit back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1091.7,1093.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(mumbling) the demonstration is in front of this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1095.641,1099.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay, so rewind?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1099.46,1100.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Rewind, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1100.423,1101.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1110.47,1111.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, let's describe what happened after.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1112.82,1115.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, as I mentioned, together with the student uprising","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1117.42,1120.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the actors of many Prague theaters refused to perform,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1120.96,1124.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they turned their stages into a kind of public forums,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1124.09,1128.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is probably the Havel's greatest play, I guess.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1128.91,1133.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1136.542,1137.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And well, this was an important coalition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1137.69,1140.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between the students on the one hand,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1140.84,1142.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the actors and artists on the other hand","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1142.98,1145.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through the Prague Theater Academy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1148.68,1151.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because very many of actors teach","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1151.69,1154.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on a Prague Theater Academy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1154.49,1156.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, on Monday, the 20th of November,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1158.02,1161.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the student strike committee wrote a seven point declaration","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1161.97,1166.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which contained the main political,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1166.01,1169.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the principle political demands of the students.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1169.38,1172.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is a documentary film made in our medical 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cordons.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1271.31,1272.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You see?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1274.64,1275.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were singing, \"We don't want violence.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1280.33,1285.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are really symbolic snaps from that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1288.24,1292.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then, the barrier, the police barrier","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1292.86,1296.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"began to press them together from both sides,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1296.17,1300.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is unhearable in a normal society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1300.17,1303.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The demonstration is surrounded by police.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1304.35,1307.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Every time the...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1310.52,1311.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they give their flowers to the policemen, you see?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1316.54,1320.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, that was how it looked.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1321.81,1323.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is now you see there with the red berets,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1323.83,1327.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is the special troop.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1328.13,1330.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So-called anti-terroristic troop,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1330.56,1332.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they were now used as terrorists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1332.66,1335.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against students, you see?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1335.72,1337.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, immediately after this massacre","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1343.86,1347.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was a rumor spread that the one student was killed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1347.13,1352.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which really gave the whole nation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1353.44,1355.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a kind of emotional drive, you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1355.87,1358.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But this was not true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1358.63,1360.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, okay, okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1364.33,1365.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is very famous picture from that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1367.76,1370.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Student looking through the police barrier.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1370.26,1375.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, now you have a slight perspective","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1386.01,1390.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what happened on that very evening on 17th of November.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1390.63,1395.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, as I had said, the student strike 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it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1403.83,1407.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on Monday for the first time, I really shivered, you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1407.35,1412.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because for me, it was something unimaginable,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1412.11,1416.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this strength, the political strength of the demands.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1417.18,1421.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Allow me please some quotation from these student demands.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1422.41,1427.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The first point was to create the governmental commission","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1428.61,1433.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with representatives of independent and student groups","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1433.0,1437.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which will investigate the circumstances of this event.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1437.92,1441.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The second one was immediate resignation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1442.82,1445.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of people responsible for the present social","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1445.48,1448.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and political crisis which we consider","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1448.01,1451.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"being a result of a long-term devastation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1451.16,1454.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of essential national and universal human 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Czechoslovakia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1461.73,1464.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And especially Comrade Jakes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1464.11,1466.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the general secretary of the Communist 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students","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1656.77,1659.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and one well-known actor, and these well-known actors","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1659.32,1662.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were of a great help opening spontaneously","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1662.85,1667.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not only the gates of the industrial plants,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1668.51,1672.194"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but also, the hearts and minds of 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on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1694.42,1699.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the Communist Party had a monopoly on mass media.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1700.64,1705.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And to the country, only the party 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television","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1713.5,1716.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had been censored, manipulated,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1716.67,1718.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and many times, it was a sheer lie.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1718.88,1721.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, these events were shown only after two weeks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1721.37,1726.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when we already won this war on television, you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1727.93,1732.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, the people outside of Prague,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1733.42,1737.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they really didn't imagine what's going on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1737.02,1740.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, that was our task to bring informations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1740.81,1745.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to try to influence the people to get them to our side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1746.25,1751.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, we in our medical school,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1755.13,1757.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"invented a good way how to get access to workers, you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1757.29,1762.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, it was a really hard job, at that time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1765.12,1769.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the plants were guarded by armed militia","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1769.11,1773.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Communist Party.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1773.12,1774.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's explain it to you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1775.41,1776.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After the year 1948, where the communists took the power,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1778.41,1783.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so they used chosen party members from factories","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1785.6,1790.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they organized them to a so-called national","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1793.49,1797.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or popular militia, which was nothing else","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1797.17,1801.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than an armed force of one party,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1801.8,1806.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which other parties, of course, cannot afford.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1806.32,1808.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they used them also during this period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1810.82,1813.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, we were very scared about it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1813.81,1817.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they ordered about 15,000 of these militia members","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1817.16,1822.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to come to Prague, and to shoot","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1825.01,1828.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against students and theaters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1828.95,1832.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But to our good luck, they refused to do this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1832.75,1837.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Also, the Prime Minister Ladislav Adamec","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1837.09,1841.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"actually a communist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1842.07,1844.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He is now the chairman of the Communist Party.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1844.09,1846.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, he was at that time, the prime minister.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1848.14,1851.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, on Tuesday, the 21st of November,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1851.41,1856.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he promised that the armed forces like army and police","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1857.43,1862.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would not interfere by armed power, you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1865.87,1870.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They would not shoot against people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1870.6,1873.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, this was of course, of a great support for us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1873.35,1876.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, these plants were guarded and surrounded","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1878.29,1882.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by militia of the Communist Party,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1882.18,1884.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so the strike committee of our school","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1885.54,1887.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came up with a new way how to penetrate the factories.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1887.41,1890.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's explain.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1892.92,1894.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Every big factory in Czechoslovakia","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1894.08,1896.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has its own doctor, medical doctor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1896.64,1899.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to take care of workers there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1899.72,1902.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, the solution was right there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1903.65,1905.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As medical students, as colleagues,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1907.47,1909.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we asked the doctor to let us in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1909.83,1913.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through the back door of the factory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1913.1,1915.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so we could get into contact with the workers inside.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1915.81,1920.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And very many of them did it like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1920.93,1924.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, it was really of a great help for us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1924.96,1927.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, this worked out very, very good,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1928.9,1933.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that on Thursday, the 23rd of November,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1933.35,1936.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when hardliner Miroslav Stepan,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1936.76,1939.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the secretary of Prague central committee of the party,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1939.71,1943.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went to the CKD, which is the biggest factory in Prague","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1943.57,1947.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to get support from the workers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1948.66,1950.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he was kicked out immediately.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1950.5,1952.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's see the second videotape, yeah?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1952.6,1955.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's explain.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=1959.31,1960.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Before this event, one well-known 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time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2335.62,2338.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is Vaclev Havel,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2338.43,2340.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our celebrated president (mumbling).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2340.133,2341.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, and then this is the round table.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2344.1,2346.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not round, actually, but it is called 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week,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2424.63,2428.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the present federal government was formed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2428.97,2431.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After establishing of the new government,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2432.97,2435.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the President Gustav Husak resigned,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2435.39,2438.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and as a result of all these events,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2438.73,2441.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the only serious presidential candidate became Vaclav Havel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2441.69,2445.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By the way, I have met yesterday another man","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2448.12,2453.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who's named Husak, and he's a member of Senate of Iowa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2453.51,2458.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2459.829,2460.662"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Emil Husak, which is a really smart name.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2460.662,2463.825"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2463.825,2466.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, the election on December 29th","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2466.43,2470.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Vaclav Havel as a president","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2473.479,2475.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was really the climax of the whole revolution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2475.46,2479.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is called now the Velvet Revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2479.37,2482.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Since on one hand, no single bullet was fired,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2483.5,2487.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and on the other hand, it symbolized the students'","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2487.72,2491.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the intellectuals' input in it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2491.36,2494.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, and this is how it looked like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2494.47,2497.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the Wenceslas Squaare in the very day","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2497.6,2500.509"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of President Havel's election.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2500.509,2502.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People were celebrating it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2506.24,2507.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is how it looked like on New Year's Eve","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2509.2,2514.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the year 1989.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2516.275,2518.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On the Wenceslas Square it looked like Rio de Janeiro.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2518.5,2523.195"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2523.195,2525.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A feast, you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2525.66,2526.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because I was there, and really,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2526.91,2531.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"every nation from Europe was present there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2531.65,2535.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can hear Italian, German, English, of course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2535.56,2540.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and everybody came to Prague","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2542.23,2544.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to celebrate the new year with Czech people together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2544.28,2549.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then there was a rain of this champagne,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2549.6,2554.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wine going on our heads.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2555.73,2558.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was really a wonderful time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2558.18,2559.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, let's say about the students' input.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2561.37,2564.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Students were very deeply involved, of course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2565.2,2567.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in all the changes, and had a profound effect","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2567.91,2570.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the results of the revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2570.95,2572.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not only they triggered the entire process,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2573.68,2576.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they were also the coordinators and organizers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2576.77,2580.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of all the demonstrations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2580.37,2582.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They brought the masses together to the squares","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2582.39,2584.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of beautiful Czechoslovak cities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2585.77,2588.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this ultimately, scared the communists away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=2589.32,2592.313"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27921/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/921/original/AV203905_The_Prague_Student_Movement_a.vtt?1622564746","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/921/original/AV203905_The_Prague_Student_Movement_a.vtt?1622564746"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27922","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203905_The_Prague_Student_Movement_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057/transcript/27922/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- I'm . Tonight's speaker, Peter Matern is from Prague, Czechoslovakia. He's a medical student there in his last year. He was involved in the in Czechoslovakia that really kicked off last November 17th. Peter is being brought over to the US by the US Student Association and the International Association of Aerospace and Machinist Workers. The US Student Association is... Julianne Marley, the former governor of the student body president from a few years ago is now the president of the US Student Association. I'll turn it over to Peter.\r\n\r\n- Thank you, Tim. Hello. No?\r\n\r\n- Does this work?\r\n\r\n- Oh, I think it's okay without a mic. Yeah. Hello, everybody. I'm Peter Matern from Prague, Czechoslovakia, from a university which was founded in the year 1348. Prague is capital of Czechoslovakia. I want to express many cordial thanks to Tim Sylvester, and to the United States Student Association which invited me here. Especially, Julianne Marley, which comes from this nice town in Iowa. To express very many cordial thanks for this wonderful opportunity to stand here and to speak with you, or in front of you. Well, I studied to be a doctor, and the doctor always begins an examination of the patient by taking his family history. So, let's return a couple of years ago in my own history. Well, a boy becomes a man by falling in love for the first time successfully. On the other hand, a person becomes grown up realizing and understanding his surrounding, you know? His society, and so to say, what is this society about? This happened to me in the mid '70s, in the depressing time of so-called normalization of our lives after the Soviet-led military invasion of my beautiful country in the year 1968. Well, this is also the time, this is the same period of time as you remember well, too. The year 1968 was a kind of tragic year for the US, I guess, too, by murdering Dr. King and President Kennedy. So, these were the moving late '60s. Well, and after that turning point of our history, the generation of our parents was more and more humiliated by the regime. May I have the slide number one, and two, and three? Will you be so kind, Ralph? These slides will remind you on that terrible year, 1968, in our history. Well, I hope we'll see something. When during the August, 1968, it looked in Prague like during the wartime. Over probably to here. Here?\r\n\r\n- I think we get the lights.\r\n\r\n- Mm-hmm.\r\n\r\n- Okay, are they going now? That one.\r\n\r\n- Now. Mm-hmm. A few slides I just wanted to remind you of that time. This is the second slide. Lenin woke up. That's the inscription on the window of Czechoslovak airline company in the 1968. Well, I want to remark here that in that time people believed that the reformation of society can be led by the communist itself. And really, in 1968, it was a reformation from inside the Communist Party, which differs from the situation nowadays, because the people realized that the reform can be started by non-communists, excluding the Communist Party at all. And this is our nice... This is the statue of Saint Wenceslas on the top of the Wenceslas Square, which is the biggest square in Europe, where mostly all demonstrations took place during the whole Czech history, especially in 1968, and then in 1989, as you will see later. Thank you. Well, so, our generation, our parents were humiliated by regime, as I said, and our generation, the youngsters, we went into what Havel describes as an intern exile. Refusing to take part in the social events and the public life, because it seemed to us to be without sense to do activities like that in the communist regime. So, now I stand in front of you in the country with a strong roots of democratic traditions, and paradoxically, I was invited to talk to you about our democracy, or better said, about our struggle in creating it. Well, it's a big challenge, and I would like to share my feelings and memories about the struggle, how it was. Well, on the November, 17th of November, 1989, students took to the streets of Prague to peacefully commemorate the same day in 1939 when a Czech student, Jan Opletal, was killed by Nazis. Afterwards, this date, the 17th of November was officially proclaimed as an International Student Day. And now, 40 years later another totalitarian regime, communism, used armed police, rubber clubs, and brutal force to crash the peaceful demonstration. Well, now, let's say which circumstances led to the events of November the 17th. First of all, it was an escalation of violence in the society. The government, which was called itself to Government of Common People, was afraid of students, their own children. And apparently, they were justified, as you will see. And these riots began a year before already in October 1988, on the anniversary of founding of the Czechoslovak Republic in October 1918. Then another big outburst of unsatisfaction took place during a week in January, in connection with an unofficial celebration of the 20th anniversary of the death of a student, Jan Palach, who burned himself in protest of Soviet occupation in the year 1969. And at this time, Vaclav Havel, our now celebrated president, was arrested, and Rude Pravo, the official party press, printed really a dirty and scandalous article about him. And this, paradoxically, attracted more public interest throughout his prison, and he had become broadly popular. So, let's just remark that not only the Charter 77 people like Vaclav Havel, the Charter 77 was the backbone of the Czechoslovak opposition movement activate. So, not only these people were activated in the beginning of the year 1989. Also, many people outside the opposition movement activities such as students and artists, even a large number of communists became more and more dissatisfied. So, let me interrupt now my speech and tell you a true story, which happened to me during January, 1989. That was in the afternoon. It happened in the afternoon, when me and my friend decided to go after a lecture on internal medicine to go downtown and to see what's going on in the streets, because everybody knew at that time that every day there was a demonstration in the Wenceslas Square. So, we came there and suddenly, the policemen came to us and they knocked him down, my friend. They knocked him down to the ground, and they kicked him, and he lost his conscious. Another policeman took my hand, grabbed my hand, and pushed me away in the direction to a policeman bus where already very many people were arrested. And so, in this very moment, I said goodbye to my school, because, well, I said goodbye, because if they would know that, so I would be kicked out of the school. But the policeman going to the policeman bus, he just told me that he don't want to work this job, to make this job, and he is really fed up, too. So, when we came to the metro station, so he led my hand and he said, \"Just run away.\" So, I was the more lucky from both of us, with my friend. Well... So, this was the beginning of the year 1989. May I ask for the slide four and five?\r\n\r\n- I think you can do it from here.\r\n\r\n- Here? Really?\r\n\r\n- Yeah, go ahead and just--\r\n\r\n- This one?\r\n\r\n- If you pull. Yeah, turn.\r\n\r\n- Mm-hmm. Okay.\r\n\r\n- Try again. There, yeah.\r\n\r\n- So.\r\n\r\n- And up here.\r\n\r\n- Yes.\r\n\r\n- Then when you're done, you can turn the lights on.\r\n\r\n- Maybe a little bit higher, no? Where are the lights? Here?\r\n\r\n- Yeah. No .\r\n\r\n- Excuse me for the interruption.\r\n\r\n- This turns on, turns off.\r\n\r\n- Uh-huh.\r\n\r\n- And then here are the spotlights.\r\n\r\n- I think, yes, yeah. So, these are the policemen. This is the same statue as 20 years ago, as you have seen from the former slide. So, this is the very spot of the very many historical events in Czechoslovakia. Saint Wenceslas on the horse, and the policemen nowadays picking up people like you see there. Maybe you see in the bottom of the slide. Yeah, so it looked like that in January, 1989. Yeah. So, all this led to the trigger point of the 17th of November, 1989. Of course, I should remember you and say that the changes in the eastern Europe, particularly in the Soviet Union, made the events in Czechoslovakia possible, of course. And Mr. Gorbachev set many things into motion. Maybe many things he even didn't foresee at that time. And without Polish solidarity and the democratic opposition in Hungary, for example, Felis, our changes might not have occurred so quickly. And also, of course, last, but not least, the changes in East Germany. Prague, at that time, was a kind of transfer city for East German people who defected from East Germany to the West Germany. And very many our citizens came to the embassy of West Germany in Prague, just taking a walk around and seeing people, German people being there in the garden of the embassy. And I think, well, they didn't say anything, but I think they were a little bit jealous on them, you know? But they, in the same time, they realized that there is no other Czechoslovakia to defect to, like East Germany people have their West Germany. So, every change should take place in Czechoslovakia itself, of course. So, these were the circumstances of the uprising of people. However, the immediate reason for the Czechoslovak Revolution was the massacre of the students demonstration on the 17th of November, 1989, which enraged really the whole nation. Because everybody, everyone realized that their own children or grandchildren were beaten up by police. Just imagine we went with candles and flowers in our hands, and suddenly police came and massacred our demonstration. Well, as a result of this, already during the first week following the Friday demonstration, a strike committee of all of the Prague colleges was created, and I was a member of this strike committee. But let's see the demonstration. That's on the first videotape, yeah? Let's see some parts of it. I apologize myself for the quality of the copy. This is... These are the pictures from a theater, because the artist, the actors refused to play during these weeks and they turned their stages into a kind of public forums and discussion forums. And nobody claimed the money back for their entrance. But let's turn... Well, let's go a little bit back. the demonstration is in front of this.\r\n\r\n- Okay, so rewind?\r\n\r\n- Rewind, yeah. Yeah. So, let's describe what happened after. So, as I mentioned, together with the student uprising the actors of many Prague theaters refused to perform, and they turned their stages into a kind of public forums, which is probably the Havel's greatest play, I guess. And well, this was an important coalition between the students on the one hand, and the actors and artists on the other hand through the Prague Theater Academy because very many of actors teach on a Prague Theater Academy. Well, on Monday, the 20th of November, the student strike committee wrote a seven point declaration which contained the main political, the principle political demands of the students. This is a documentary film made in our medical school. This is the official moderator on television, and he wrote a declaration made by government in those days, which were really sheer lies and sheer phrases of that time. This is the peaceful beginning of the demonstration. Inserted some snaps, some photographs there, how it looked like the beginning of the demonstration. There are very many institutes of our medical school around. This is a very nice part of Prague. Then it went to the older castle of Prague, and then it went to the so-called National Avenue. And it stopped because the street was barriered by police there. As you see, really heavy-armed police. So, it looked like that. And really, the students had candles in their hands and they put it down just in front of the feet of police cordons. You see? They were singing, \"We don't want violence.\" These are really symbolic snaps from that time. And then, the barrier, the police barrier began to press them together from both sides, which is unhearable in a normal society. The demonstration is surrounded by police. Every time the... And they give their flowers to the policemen, you see? So, that was how it looked. And this is now you see there with the red berets, this is the special troop. So-called anti-terroristic troop, but they were now used as terrorists against students, you see? So, immediately after this massacre there was a rumor spread that the one student was killed, which really gave the whole nation a kind of emotional drive, you know? But this was not true. Yes, okay, okay. This is very famous picture from that time. Student looking through the police barrier. So, now you have a slight perspective what happened on that very evening on 17th of November. Well, as I had said, the student strike committee wrote a seven point declaration. I was not the author, but as I have read it on Monday for the first time, I really shivered, you know? Because for me, it was something unimaginable, this strength, the political strength of the demands. Allow me please some quotation from these student demands. The first point was to create the governmental commission with representatives of independent and student groups which will investigate the circumstances of this event. The second one was immediate resignation of people responsible for the present social and political crisis which we consider being a result of a long-term devastation of essential national and universal human values. Namely, Gustav Husak, the president, the former president of Czechoslovakia. And especially Comrade Jakes, the general secretary of the Communist Party. Well, then the fourth article, which is interesting, is deletion of the Article IV of the Constitution, guaranteeing the Communist Party the leading role in the society, which was of a terrible importance. Then immediate release of all so-called political prisoners convicted of subversion and other so-called political crimes. And immediate observance of all the international obligations concerning human rights, which Czechoslovakia officially exceeded to in Helsinki and Vienna. And the seventh point was initiation of a countrywide general discussion with all of the population about the current state of affairs, including searching for solutions from the catastrophic social, political, economical situation of the country. So, this is especially the point was something of a... For the first time read it, I just couldn't imagine if this would come true, but on the same day, the civic forum uniting the former opposition groups was founded in Prague, and immediately thereafter, a parallel group called Public Against Violence was founded in Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia, in my home city. Well, just to make some remarks on Public Against Violence, they had even a much, much harder job to rise up the nation, you know? Because everything happened in Prague, and the people were not so deeply emotionally involved. They were not, in Bratislava, so that was really a hard task to get them on the tracks of the revolutionary changes. So, as I said, the students, and the civic forum, and the Public Against Violence were the main forces of our revolution. Let's say something about how we want other structures of society. The main task at the beginning was to win support of the workers and all the people outside the both capitals. Simply, other social groups of the nation. From contribution which were collected in high amounts already in the very beginning of the week, many travels out of Prague were organized. For example, our medical school sent very many little travel groups out of Prague, consisting of two or three students and one well-known actor, and these well-known actors were of a great help opening spontaneously not only the gates of the industrial plants, but also, the hearts and minds of people. Imagine a well-known actor will come to your factory and will try to convince you about something. It's much better to travel with him as a student. I think so. Well, as far as I can estimate the situation, in the first week it was a kind of information war going on because the Communist Party had a monopoly on mass media. And to the country, only the party press had been distributed. The information from radio and television had been censored, manipulated, and many times, it was a sheer lie. For example, these events were shown only after two weeks when we already won this war on television, you know? So, the people outside of Prague, they really didn't imagine what's going on. So, that was our task to bring informations and to try to influence the people to get them to our side. Well, we in our medical school, invented a good way how to get access to workers, you know? Well, it was a really hard job, at that time, because the plants were guarded by armed militia of the Communist Party. Let's explain it to you. After the year 1948, where the communists took the power, so they used chosen party members from factories and they organized them to a so-called national or popular militia, which was nothing else than an armed force of one party, which other parties, of course, cannot afford. And they used them also during this period. For example, we were very scared about it because they ordered about 15,000 of these militia members to come to Prague, and to shoot against students and theaters. But to our good luck, they refused to do this. Also, the Prime Minister Ladislav Adamec actually a communist. He is now the chairman of the Communist Party. So, he was at that time, the prime minister. So, on Tuesday, the 21st of November, he promised that the armed forces like army and police would not interfere by armed power, you know? They would not shoot against people. So, this was of course, of a great support for us. So, these plants were guarded and surrounded by militia of the Communist Party, so the strike committee of our school came up with a new way how to penetrate the factories. Let's explain. Every big factory in Czechoslovakia has its own doctor, medical doctor, to take care of workers there. So, the solution was right there. As medical students, as colleagues, we asked the doctor to let us in through the back door of the factory so we could get into contact with the workers inside. And very many of them did it like that. So, it was really of a great help for us. So, this worked out very, very good, so that on Thursday, the 23rd of November, when hardliner Miroslav Stepan, the secretary of Prague central committee of the party, went to the CKD, which is the biggest factory in Prague to get support from the workers, he was kicked out immediately. Let's see the second videotape, yeah? Let's explain. Before this event, one well-known artist came to the factory, and he explained workers what are our demands. And after his visit, and . Yeah. So, this is him. He is now arrested because in . These are sheer communist phrases, you know? He is speaking about because we live in hard times, and we have to get some solutions from it. And these are workers in the CKD. He said that really the basis of their politics is the opinion of the working class. So, he tried to win support from workers. But he promised that they will try to change the persons in the central committee. But very cloudy, clouded promises. Now, the people from the meeting with the actor came in. You will hear the changes in the sound. Now, they came in. Make him embarrassed. In our country... In our country, the 15 years old kids have to decide when the president should resign, that they begin to whistle. We are not children, we are not children. We are not children. I am not speaking about you. resignation, resignation of you and everybody. Thank you, thank you. This is a hardliner communist from the CKD itself. Well, so, you have seen this was one of, really of the turning points in Prague, and of course, it influenced a lot the whole situation in the whole Czechoslovakia. That was really a good work of actors and students who really influenced the workers there. It's like the very same situation like for example, in France, where the government always tries to win support, for example, from the Renault factory in Paris, which is the biggest factory in France. And they have always their ears open to what the workers are saying there. So, this was the biggest factory in Prague, and he was kicked out. Well, all activities during the first week were focused on the success of the general strike, which was the last demand I didn't read for you, but this was the last demand. Well, the most practice demand, or yeah, demand of students, and also, the artists. And this general strike was announced by students and civic forum on Monday, the 27th of November, between 12 and 2 pm. Really, a national general strike. Already during this period, some malpractices of the party, of the Communist Party appeared. For example, as the communist recognized that the general strike will be a success, so they simply announced that the strike was organized by them. Nevertheless, the strike, by the way, the biggest since the 1948 communist coop, was a total success of the revolution movement. In the next week, the government was forced to sit down at the round table with the civic forum, headed by Havel, to negotiate. Slide? This is the biggest demonstration in Prague, where about one million people took part, which is 1/15 of the whole nation. And I was somewhere in the middle. Oh, these are two excellent men. One maybe you recognize. He is Alexander Dubcek, the former reform communist from 1968, who became a symbol of that time. And this is Vaclev Havel, our celebrated president . Well, and then this is the round table. It's not round, actually, but it is called round because of every really big activity in the country had access to sit down around the table. So, this is Havel, this is Prime Minister Ladislav Adamec, communist. This is, I guess, it's our president of our university. Yeah, that's him. Also a Charter 77 member. Yeah. From this round table, the new government was created. So, in the next week, they were forced to sit down at the round table, and the result was the deletion of the Article IV of the Constitution which I read to you, which guaranteed the leading role in the society to the Communist Party. On December the 3rd, the new, still pro-communist government was established. This really did not satisfy the people, and under the threat of a second general strike in a week, the present federal government was formed. After establishing of the new government, the President Gustav Husak resigned, and as a result of all these events, the only serious presidential candidate became Vaclav Havel. By the way, I have met yesterday another man who's named Husak, and he's a member of Senate of Iowa. Emil Husak, which is a really smart name. Well, the election on December 29th of Vaclav Havel as a president was really the climax of the whole revolution, which is called now the Velvet Revolution. Since on one hand, no single bullet was fired, and on the other hand, it symbolized the students' and the intellectuals' input in it. Well, and this is how it looked like on the Wenceslas Squaare in the very day of President Havel's election. People were celebrating it. And this is how it looked like on New Year's Eve of the year 1989. On the Wenceslas Square it looked like Rio de Janeiro. A feast, you know? Because I was there, and really, every nation from Europe was present there. I can hear Italian, German, English, of course, and everybody came to Prague to celebrate the new year with Czech people together. And then there was a rain of this champagne, wine going on our heads. It was really a wonderful time. So, let's say about the students' input. Students were very deeply involved, of course, in all the changes, and had a profound effect on the results of the revolution. Not only they triggered the entire process, but they were also the coordinators and organizers of all the demonstrations. They brought the masses together to the squares of beautiful Czechoslovak cities, and this ultimately, scared the communists away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116057#t=0.0,2598.864"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - 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[Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e We were the members of the board","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=6.41,10.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which drafted the basis of the law on higher education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=10.2,15.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have heard that today in Iowa Senate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=16.64,19.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was a bill on higher education too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=19.96,23.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So maybe we can share","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=23.07,25.968"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the impressions on it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=25.968,28.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, coordinating sessions were held every evening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=30.23,34.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the students theater in Prague, so-called disk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=34.02,37.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we had long discussions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=37.96,40.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the members of the civic forum.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=40.28,42.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Several times I had discussions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=44.35,46.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with Latsole Havel","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=46.81,48.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the further development of the revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=48.45,51.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, this was one side","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=53.17,55.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but let me tell you more now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=55.15,60.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the second revolution the students made","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=60.49,63.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during the same period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=63.2,64.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This one was concerning our inner affairs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=65.84,69.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We rejected the old practice of ruling the universities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=69.13,73.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where the president and the deans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=73.31,75.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were nominated by the communist party,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=75.22,77.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was really","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=77.75,79.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"humiliating relation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=81.2,83.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and all the professors","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=85.01,87.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had to be approved by party committee too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=87.61,91.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"During the second week of the revolution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=93.64,95.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we created new principles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=95.81,97.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of self-governing of the university","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=99.33,101.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and school affairs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=101.48,102.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Our relatively small medical school","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=103.76,106.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was the first who proposed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=106.92,109.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an integrated democratic 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revolution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=263.35,264.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this was something unimaginable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=264.62,266.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So as you see,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=267.29,268.807"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the students led two revolutions in the same time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=273.364,278.364"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I had in the end a 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man,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=306.63,309.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I know him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=309.01,310.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, he said in the joint session of American 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group","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=335.09,337.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and if you like, corporate interests","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=337.83,341.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"still considerably outweigh genuinely common","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=341.29,344.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and global interests.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=344.53,346.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We still close our 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world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=350.16,353.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, our track of select revolution was only","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=353.07,356.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one attempt towards getting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=356.37,359.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the human mankind getting better.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=359.18,363.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So these words are of a great challenge","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=363.15,366.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for every democratic person all around the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=366.79,370.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in a wider extent,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=370.95,373.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's also of a concern of the youth","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=375.521,376.354"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and student movement all around the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=380.24,382.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=382.97,384.032"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27923/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience 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[Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058/transcript/27924/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- We were the members of the board which drafted the basis of the law on higher education. I have heard that today in Iowa Senate there was a bill on higher education too. So maybe we can share the impressions on it. Well, coordinating sessions were held every evening in the students theater in Prague, so-called disk and we had long discussions with the members of the civic forum. Several times I had discussions with Latsole Havel about the further development of the revolution. Well, this was one side but let me tell you more now about the second revolution the students made during the same period. This one was concerning our inner affairs. We rejected the old practice of ruling the universities where the president and the deans were nominated by the communist party, which was really humiliating relation and all the professors had to be approved by party committee too. During the second week of the revolution, we created new principles of self-governing of the university and school affairs. Our relatively small medical school was the first who proposed an integrated democratic system of self-governing of student affairs which every school now follow. I was one of the authors, I can say much more details about it. We came up with the idea of establishing so-called academic board which should be based on free, secret and equal elections by all students and faculty members. Allow me now to say about the conditions in our medical school. We have about 900 students altogether and about 250 faculty members. And everybody from this academy society had one vote. So the students had much more to say who will be the Dean, for example. Well, some faculty members were scared about it, but well, we created this academic board, which guaranteed the whole process. This board is the highest legislative body of the school consisting of two chambers. On one side of the chamber of students and on the other hand, the chamber of faculty. Every chamber has 15 members and with equal rights and equal voting power. This let's say parliament has the highest rights to organize the election of the Dean. So student chamber had three candidates and faculty chamber had three candidates too. Luckily, the persons were the same. So we organized in unanimously election of the Dean from these three candidates. And so this two chamber system guarantees the students direct access to controlling the school affairs. Before the revolution, this was something unimaginable. So as you see, the students led two revolutions in the same time. Well, I had in the end a quotation from the harvest speech. Let's try to find it from his speech in the American newspaper. Yes. Well, I have underlined some sentences from his speech in the end of my speech because I think he's a very smart man, as I know him. Well, he said in the joint session of American Congress that we are still a long way from the family of man. That was a term of Abraham Lincoln. In fact, we seem to be receding from the idea rather than growing closer to it. Interest of all kinds; personal, selfish, state, nation, group and if you like, corporate interests still considerably outweigh genuinely common and global interests. We still close our eyes to the growing social, ethnic and cultural conflicts in the world. Well, our track of select revolution was only one attempt towards getting the human mankind getting better. So these words are of a great challenge for every democratic person all around the world. And in a wider extent, it's also of a concern of the youth and student movement all around the world. Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43239/file/116058#t=0.0,391.176"}]}]}]}