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you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=8.22,10.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of the most interesting people I've ever met","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=10.77,14.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and someone who also has a unique distinction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=14.22,16.759"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of having discovered one of the planets in the solar system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=16.759,20.178"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are nine planets in the solar system if you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=20.178,23.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=23.65,27.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They've been known so long","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=27.65,28.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we don't know who first discovered them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=28.53,30.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back in prehistoric times.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=30.6,32.604"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Uranus was discovered in 1781,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=32.604,34.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Neptune in 1846, and Pluto in 1930.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=36.24,40.361"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's a remarkable privilege","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=40.361,42.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be able to have here at Iowa State","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=42.69,44.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the man who discovered Pluto, Clyde Tombaugh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=44.99,47.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He will tell you many stories, I'm sure,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=49.69,50.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about his experiences of times","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=50.523,51.356"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he was searching for other planets.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=51.356,56.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I was just looking through a book he published","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=56.27,57.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about 10 years ago about all of this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=57.94,60.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and was struck by one story he told there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=60.36,63.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about his early days and his interest in 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professional","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=66.623,68.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and when he finished high school it was not a time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=69.35,70.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you could easily plan to go to college","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=70.183,74.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he was needed on the farm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=74.57,76.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So he went home to build himself some telescopes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=76.35,79.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the first one he built,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=79.11,80.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he had to work inside the house,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=80.34,82.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was not the ideal situation for doing the optics.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=82.3,85.518"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he decided that he 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father","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=94.283,96.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they built a tornado shelter root cellar","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=96.57,100.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was considerably longer than the usual ones","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=100.75,103.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that would be well designed for doing optics,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=103.26,106.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he dug the 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today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=123.55,125.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This lecture is sponsored by Sigma Xi of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=125.35,126.866"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Science Honorary Society on campus,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=126.866,131.114"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the Physics department, the Astronomy program,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=131.114,133.327"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Lectures Committee,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=133.327,135.076"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I also would like to thank","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=135.076,136.575"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a young woman who has done a lot of work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=136.575,137.408"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make this possible","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=137.408,138.241"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and who is working tonight (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=138.241,141.178"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"**Cal Marker, one of our graduate students.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=141.178,143.627"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would like to also note","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=143.627,146.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that Dr. Tombaugh has brought with him","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=146.09,146.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"two other delightful visitors, his wife,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=146.923,151.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and also, Bernie McNamara, who gave us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=151.88,152.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an interesting astronomy technical seminar this afternoon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=152.713,157.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At the end of the presentation tonight,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=157.08,157.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. McNamara will get up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=157.92,159.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and make a few words after the question and answer section.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=160.58,163.896"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So please also wait around for that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=163.896,166.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and now for the star of the evening, Dr. Tombaugh","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=166.223,169.306"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the discovery of Pluto and the search for a 10th planet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=169.306,172.017"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(applause)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=173.952,177.119"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you everybody and for the sponsors of this lecture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=187.845,192.165"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ladies and gentlemen, boys and girls,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=192.165,195.445"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have a little confession to make to you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=195.445,198.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for 60 years I have been a kuruber.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=198.79,199.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughs)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=199.623,200.456"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Still am.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=205.733,206.566"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I became interested in astronomy through geography,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=208.965,213.298"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and back in sixth grade a thought occurred to me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=214.976,219.976"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I wondered what (indistinct) for all the other planets\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=222.957,226.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I've been at it every since.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=227.127,230.397"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Also I minored in geography","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=230.397,231.866"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so I could the geography mathematics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=231.866,234.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that most fascinated me were involved in space rooms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=234.45,239.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I have a very disturbing situation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=239.48,244.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by a young man who had not been able to go to college","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=244.72,248.277"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they need him to farm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=248.277,250.415"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For me an awkward religious formula the tides of the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=250.415,252.775"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't want to stay on the farm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=252.775,255.167"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I didn't see much chance of getting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=255.167,257.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into some scientific work without a college degree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=259.295,262.106"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So and that digressed me considerably.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=262.106,264.966"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I never got assigned seniors in astronomy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=264.966,267.997"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think that's one I etched with a 9-inch pencil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=267.997,271.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I finished in the Spring of 1928","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=271.44,273.967"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then I for Jupiter and Mars were in that position","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=276.553,281.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they then have a drawing that the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=281.847,284.589"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sent to Flagstaff, Arizona, the Lowell Observatory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=284.589,286.789"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were very remiss when the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=286.789,289.372"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then the current photographs on the base.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=292.287,295.778"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So pretty soon I heard an answer back from the director","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=295.778,300.148"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he asked about my education","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=300.148,302.498"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I had not been to college at all,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=302.498,305.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so I was self taught,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=305.41,307.227"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I did know to use telescopes I'd built them myself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=307.227,311.618"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But a lot of their concerns.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=311.618,314.098"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So then along came another letter","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=314.098,316.869"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which began then to Flagstaff of three months trial","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=316.869,321.119"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to acclimate a new telescope","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=322.559,324.461"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it would be for you to work around","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=324.461,325.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in time and was get off the farm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=325.89,328.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I was used to that because I would help some.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=331.271,335.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I went to Flagstaff in January 1929.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=335.46,339.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had a discouraging farm situation that 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search.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=454.464,457.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well he gave forth the money and much to my understanding","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=459.32,463.637"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the observatory was shocked.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=463.637,465.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was made in Massachusetts at Harvard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=470.815,474.407"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then was made by in a special 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Flagstaff.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=479.739,482.466"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The same thing I sketched there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=482.466,484.157"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't sketch for the 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dollars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=490.325,493.314"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this was a very better than expected","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=493.314,497.335"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it was a very 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later","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=504.842,508.009"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we made a test with that base to ascertain the-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=511.122,515.372"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(coughing drowns out speaker) of the instrument","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=516.213,518.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what we can do with it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=518.063,519.882"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this first started in 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cold","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=528.562,531.122"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and others more experienced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=531.122,533.455"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well I was away in Germany and about four or 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evening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=562.81,567.219"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I know of one place to do this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=567.219,570.311"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's Lowell's favorite position.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=570.311,572.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so I did that and there are slackers and Ian's brother","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=572.87,577.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"scan the space on the machine, call it a night,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=579.56,582.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grab the microscope","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=582.45,584.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they want to fly to the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=584.48,585.791"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was almost made so it was one of those kind of nights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=585.791,589.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they missed it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=589.84,591.741"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so I remember to this day when he took off the last pair","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=591.741,596.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of he got very downcast indeed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=596.43,599.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I saw a terrible look of defeat on Graham's face","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=599.67,604.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I asked him if he found anything and he said, no.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=604.08,606.762"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I knew that he was digging deep.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=606.762,609.381"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He wanted to be the one to find Pluto.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=609.381,611.581"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He said","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=611.581,613.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think of me when I say 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plan","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=662.16,665.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we were seeing it in motion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=666.997,668.768"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but by about a half million miles of exorbit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=668.768,671.219"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a few days later we'll be in position after orbit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=671.219,673.789"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make the body appear to go back to the west","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=673.789,676.597"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(faintly speaking)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=676.597,679.514"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so any planet appears to go back","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=682.989,683.822"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the west for a short time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=683.822,684.655"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"comes to a pause and goes back east.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=684.655,687.655"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's very important that of course we make the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=689.256,691.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right seasons where you get sky.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=691.42,693.407"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you don't do that, if you take it some place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=693.407,697.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or inside there's sectors where the thousands","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=697.333,701.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of asteroids slow down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=701.18,703.376"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Really the comets and the particular vectors of motion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=703.376,707.016"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and even take the slow motion of distant planets","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=707.016,709.917"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you have hundreds of wild goose chases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=709.917,712.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are some of the difficult very important aspects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=712.84,717.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the project.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=717.22,718.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I realized that and so I told","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=718.87,721.537"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the plates where there later in the year were useless","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=722.596,726.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd have to do them over and so he said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=726.82,728.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know why you'd tell me that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=728.82,731.755"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They didn't seem to pay much attention to that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=731.755,733.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It wasn't until many years later that Mike wrote 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opposition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=740.027,742.005"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the others didn't pay much attention to it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=742.005,744.334"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and of course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=744.334,745.167"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is extremely important observational strategy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=745.167,748.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's how I started the Fall 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us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=811.95,815.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then they tell his partner we have a lot of concerns","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=815.02,819.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he leaned over and he said to me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=819.36,821.467"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Young man you know I think you're wasting your time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=821.467,824.841"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if there are any more planets than we've 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plates.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=868.82,870.722"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And on the 18th of February I came up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=870.722,872.349"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the reading where Pluto 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instruments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=875.539,878.428"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the scale of the plates and how much","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=878.428,881.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"extra shift for a particular place and time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=881.28,884.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I knew what I would expect to see if I encountered it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=884.42,888.299"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So sure enough on 4:00 o'clock in the afternoon","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=888.299,890.408"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the 8th of December I turned the next one","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=890.408,893.779"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there it was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=893.779,895.196"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That as you'll see a lot closer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=897.112,899.331"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, here the thing I knew that the planet","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=899.331,900.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was on the map.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=900.32,902.459"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The map has that tremendous scale.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=902.459,904.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We'll never see anything like it again in our lifetime.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=904.47,907.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I appreciate the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=908.24,910.598"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(speaking faintly)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=910.598,913.515"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But at any rate the (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=923.61,925.558"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is in my book.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=925.558,926.391"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(faintly 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astronomy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=931.537,935.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I checking the third plate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=935.62,940.539"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everything there everything was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=940.539,943.208"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so and that's the night where I learned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=943.208,946.791"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"knowledge of where Pluto was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=947.707,950.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No one else was aware of it at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=950.117,951.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so I told my senior colleague across the 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me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=961.37,963.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that he and his brother, this machine makes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=963.53,967.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I don't know if you 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it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1098.518,1101.435"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this was held secret for several weeks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1175.438,1178.938"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when they enter the and there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1202.858,1204.297"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So anyway, the and what was it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1204.297,1206.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The, and so","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1244.505,1245.422"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"society and birthday","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1325.018,1326.685"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Much for that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1341.449,1342.616"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was some concern that and why you get the right time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1343.689,1348.606"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I remember one time in the morning, last night.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1463.129,1467.379"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, and so I had about 10 minutes to get me away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1469.049,1473.216"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Final rights and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1612.889,1614.806"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is what I saw 14 stop for one second.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1640.526,1644.026"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So let's just try it right here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1751.569,1754.236"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I'll take this group here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1948.241,1950.658"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"moves from there, from here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1959.441,1961.774"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's over here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=1969.281,1970.531"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so it's not like Michelle is a 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Venus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=2033.481,2036.231"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Shifting position","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=2041.912,2043.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from here to over here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=2043.233,2045.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This star that I have I actually photographed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=2047.641,2051.391"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"calculation here, slows down","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=2064.512,2066.845"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then goes back east to the higher sun","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=2072.969,2076.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that is how the sky 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globe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=2106.942,2111.942"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Neptune over here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=2112.531,2116.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This shows the bygone and this dash right 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[Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27996/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/996/original/AV203929_The_Discovery_of_Pluto_a.vtt?1622564939","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/996/original/AV203929_The_Discovery_of_Pluto_a.vtt?1622564939"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27997","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203929_The_Discovery_of_Pluto_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096/transcript/27997/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- A very, very great pleasure to be able tonight to introduce to you one of the most interesting people I've ever met and someone who also has a unique distinction of having discovered one of the planets in the solar system. There are nine planets in the solar system if you know, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. They've been known so long we don't know who first discovered them back in prehistoric times. Uranus was discovered in 1781, Neptune in 1846, and Pluto in 1930. And it's a remarkable privilege to be able to have here at Iowa State the man who discovered Pluto, Clyde Tombaugh. He will tell you many stories, I'm sure, about his experiences of times he was searching for other planets. But I was just looking through a book he published about 10 years ago about all of this and was struck by one story he told there about his early days and his interest in astronomy. He was an amateur astronomer before he became a professional and when he finished high school it was not a time when you could easily plan to go to college and he was needed on the farm. So he went home to build himself some telescopes and the first one he built, he had to work inside the house, which was not the ideal situation for doing the optics. And he decided that he needed a better place to build the telescope, and the book seller recommended the cellar. Only a little problem, he didn't have a cellar. So he made a deal with his father and they built a tornado shelter root cellar that was considerably longer than the usual ones that would be well designed for doing optics, and he dug the pit. It was something like 24 x 8 x 7' pit. They built the cellar and he built the telescope that worked much better, and from that he went on to bigger and better things, as I'm sure you'll hear about. Before we start, I'd like to give some thanks to the people who've made it possible for him to be here today. This lecture is sponsored by Sigma Xi of Science Honorary Society on campus, by the Physics department, the Astronomy program, the Lectures Committee, and I also would like to thank a young woman who has done a lot of work to make this possible and who is working tonight **Cal Marker, one of our graduate students. I would like to also note that Dr. Tombaugh has brought with him two other delightful visitors, his wife, and also, Bernie McNamara, who gave us an interesting astronomy technical seminar this afternoon. At the end of the presentation tonight, Dr. McNamara will get up and make a few words after the question and answer section. So please also wait around for that, and now for the star of the evening, Dr. Tombaugh on the discovery of Pluto and the search for a 10th planet.\r\n\r\n- Thank you everybody and for the sponsors of this lecture. Ladies and gentlemen, boys and girls, I have a little confession to make to you, for 60 years I have been a kuruber. Still am. I became interested in astronomy through geography, and back in sixth grade a thought occurred to me, \"I wondered what for all the other planets\", and I've been at it every since. Also I minored in geography so I could the geography mathematics that most fascinated me were involved in space rooms. Well, I have a very disturbing situation by a young man who had not been able to go to college because they need him to farm. For me an awkward religious formula the tides of the time. I didn't want to stay on the farm and I didn't see much chance of getting into some scientific work without a college degree. So and that digressed me considerably. So I never got assigned seniors in astronomy and I think that's one I etched with a 9-inch pencil. I finished in the Spring of 1928 and then I for Jupiter and Mars were in that position and they then have a drawing that the sent to Flagstaff, Arizona, the Lowell Observatory. They were very remiss when the and then the current photographs on the base. So pretty soon I heard an answer back from the director and he asked about my education So I had not been to college at all, so I was self taught, but I did know to use telescopes I'd built them myself. But a lot of their concerns. So then along came another letter which began then to Flagstaff of three months trial to acclimate a new telescope it would be for you to work around in time and was get off the farm and I was used to that because I would help some. So I went to Flagstaff in January 1929. We had a discouraging farm situation that year On the 10th of June 1928 they had a terrible hailstorm Everything in the crop was destroyed and I'd seen we'd be broke for another year. So when I got the miles away it was because how am I going to be because that's one thing that I used to buy my one way railroad ticket to Flagstaff later in the year. And that took a little courage because I didn't have enough money for a return ticket. Nor did I have money to buy the So it was 28 hours in the chair car. And so for the of Flagstaff I got kind of ancy I'd never been there before, didn't know anybody except this one man who wrote me some letters. And he met me at the depot the day after and I must have looked little frazzled at the time he picked me up. Then he signed into the observatory reservation for me and then I went downtown to eat my dinner. The next day they showed me the telescope and it wasn't quite complete yet, which I was going to use for this new. Only the next day did I learn what this new telescope was for to quantify. They'd been trying to find this since 1905 and I remember my first day at and they finally kept tell the observer must be So finally Roger Lowell but as I seemed to convince him and his uncle, Norse Lowell who was to give a gift of 10,000 so they could built this telescope that was more for this renewal search. Well he gave forth the money and much to my understanding the observatory was shocked. was made in Massachusetts at Harvard. And then was made by in a special firm. All the rest of the was built there at Flagstaff. The same thing I sketched there, I didn't sketch for the money. today if you want to duplicate it would cost you at least a million dollars and this was a very better than expected and it was a very powerful So that's the last and the soon arrived a few days later and we made a test with that base to ascertain the- of the instrument and what we can do with it. So this first started in 1929 when I went there they said they are going to need to take the down at night in the cold and others more experienced Well I was away in Germany and about four or five of us were paid. I said I'm glad I don't have to wait too long to get started on this because I need my. Well the director the one participates and generally at that time it was getting low in the western sky evening and I know of one place to do this and that's Lowell's favorite position. And so I did that and there are slackers and Ian's brother scan the space on the machine, call it a night, grab the microscope because they want to fly to the It was almost made so it was one of those kind of nights that they missed it. And so I remember to this day when he took off the last pair of he got very downcast indeed. I saw a terrible look of defeat on Graham's face I asked him if he found anything and he said, no. And I knew that he was digging deep. He wanted to be the one to find Pluto. He said And I think of me when I say it because of that had to be dealt with and he was not in the position to spend time to make the search. So a little later I came around and said, you know but I assure that after seeing what's out in space and I could see a lot of very tedious work ahead and somebody probably thought I should have been glad but it wasn't, I was rather terrified. Then I saw and I realized I had some problems the place was not made for season It should remain acts of sun with our point as of where the sky where the full moon is. Because as that time wise to the actual plan we were seeing it in motion but by about a half million miles of exorbit a few days later we'll be in position after orbit to make the body appear to go back to the west so any planet appears to go back to the west for a short time, comes to a pause and goes back east. So it's very important that of course we make the right seasons where you get sky. If you don't do that, if you take it some place or inside there's sectors where the thousands of asteroids slow down. Really the comets and the particular vectors of motion and even take the slow motion of distant planets and you have hundreds of wild goose chases. These are some of the difficult very important aspects of the project. So I realized that and so I told all the plates where there later in the year were useless I'd have to do them over and so he said, I don't know why you'd tell me that. They didn't seem to pay much attention to that. It wasn't until many years later that Mike wrote his book about the search and first of all they met an even bigger face of opposition but the others didn't pay much attention to it, and of course, this is extremely important observational strategy. So that's how I started the Fall sky and the position taken to space and scan of the late night slope we call that and that's about the night where I saw all these hundreds and hundreds of these spiraling in the background and lots of stars and so on. As as I approached the Milky Way the stars they got thicker and thicker closer to the Milky Way. And then it began to be and slowing down. So then I was determined to there was a in the center of 1929 an English astronomer stopped into visit us for awhile, a few days and so I just thought if I took him out to the new telescope dome- So he went to his out by the end of the bed to take a call and so while they've got us then they tell his partner we have a lot of concerns he leaned over and he said to me, \"Young man you know I think you're wasting your time if there are any more planets than we've discovered that we discovered it than it started long before this. Well I really resented that. Because I knew I time that go by every such and such minutes that anything was possible and I certainly didn't appreciate when I was told it wasn't, when this meant tremendous discovery potential. So I did want to make the best of it. It was a lot better than pushing hay back on the farm. I had my hay day. So I took place of the in January of 1930 and it wasn't until February that I got around to do the scaling of those plates. And on the 18th of February I came up on the reading where Pluto was. In the reading of course, I knew the scale of the instruments the scale of the plates and how much extra shift for a particular place and time. So I knew what I would expect to see if I encountered it. So sure enough on 4:00 o'clock in the afternoon on the 8th of December I turned the next one and there it was. That as you'll see a lot closer. Well, here the thing I knew that the planet was on the map. The map has that tremendous scale. We'll never see anything like it again in our lifetime. I appreciate the But at any rate the is in my book. And I do have a great appreciate for great astronomy. So I checking the third plate everything there everything was and so and that's the night where I learned knowledge of where Pluto was. No one else was aware of it at all. And so I told my senior colleague across the hall. The assistant director that I think I found Planet X. And so he came back and he later told me that he and his brother, this machine makes and I don't know if you heard. So I liked your picture so I can never forget that show well, people are ready for it. So this was held secret for several weeks. when they enter the and there. So anyway, the and what was it? The, and so society and birthday Much for that. there was some concern that and why you get the right time. And I remember one time in the morning, last night. And, and so I had about 10 minutes to get me away. Final rights and so on. this is what I saw 14 stop for one second. So let's just try it right here. So I'll take this group here. moves from there, from here. It's over here. And so it's not like Michelle is a star. you are protected by role small passage I did about 65000 in that area this shows a taken shot in Venus. Shifting position from here to over here. This star that I have I actually photographed calculation here, slows down then goes back east to the higher sun so that is how the sky works. Its harder to find out. This shows the northern globe and Neptune over here. This shows the bygone and this dash right here, and this is the actual orbit. This is Neptune and as we know now, single one of those single lines and then over the sky. This is a picture of the spiral entry This is the famous, is that right? This are the first shots. This shows the first shots out of a car so this picture is over 50 years in 1969, this shows the picture in the sky with the birds next time you see the stars, This shows that, and we have either Each one of this represent, Please shout it out I'd like to find one. here it goes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43261/file/116096#t=0.0,571.968"}]}]}]}