{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/9882j68p7k/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Ehrenfeld, David, Orwell on Nature ; A Comprehensive Vision"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV203372 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Orwell on Nature ; A Comprehensive Vision is a February 14, 1984 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring David Ehrenfeld. David Ehrenfeld discusses George Orwell's portrayal of nature.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. 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Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Ark"]},"value":{"en":["https://n2t.net/ark:/87292/w9gh9bf44"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1984-02-14"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["lectures","Sound"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Ehrenfeld, David (speaker)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1/4 inch audio cassette"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Orwell, George, 1903-1950","Nature in literature","Nature observation","Metaphor in literature"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Committee on Lectures records (RS 8/6/53) (physical collection)","Iowa State Lectures Series (digital collection)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Orwell on Nature ; A Comprehensive Vision is a February 14, 1984 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring David Ehrenfeld. 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affairs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=6.913,9.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm Marsha Sajin Hoffen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=9.563,11.087"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And before I introduce our 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Burnham","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=15.638,18.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on political rights in the Reagan years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=18.92,20.547"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the state of the record, 1984.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=20.547,23.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At three o'clock John Mintz will lecture on 'The Security","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=23.493,26.138"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Accountability, the Challenge of Free Society\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=26.138,29.531"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then the evening lecture at eight o'clock will be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=29.531,32.039"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"John Henry Faulk lecturing on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=32.039,34.055"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"To Secure the Blessings of Liberty\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=34.055,37.391"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This evening's 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nature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=62.446,64.775"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His writings include \"Arrogance of Humanism\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=64.775,68.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and \"The Chameleon 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you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=105.975,107.116"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it was my first chance to lecture on Orwell","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=107.116,111.265"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because that makes you all seem like Guinea 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that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=115.332,117.082"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Looking over the program, it occurred to me also to...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=121.672,126.396"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My gosh it 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culture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=160.196,162.696"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there is a connection","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=163.762,164.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'll try to get to that at least before I stop","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=164.6,168.105"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is this microphone too close?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=168.105,169.536"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can't tell because I hear my own voice in my ears.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=169.536,172.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(microphone whooshes)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=172.97,174.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sorry about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=174.29,176.158"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How's that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=176.158,176.991"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is that better or the same?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=176.991,179.241"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=181.566,182.399"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now my topic is Orwell and Nature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=184.278,187.028"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I want to say at the beginning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=188.601,190.625"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it's a pleasure and a relief","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=190.625,191.985"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not to have to speak to you as a futurist,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=191.985,195.786"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whatever that is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=195.786,197.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can't foretell the future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=198.203,200.536"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And does he have Schumacher,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=201.478,203.356"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was Mumford another bonafide","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=203.356,205.021"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"modern prophets have pointed out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=205.021,207.059"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nobody else can foretell the future either.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=207.059,210.642"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Even the Biblical prophets,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=213.148,214.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they never aimed to use the Hebrew word.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=214.53,218.086"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're not the kind of Holy fortune tellers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=218.086,220.666"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the word prophet has come to signify.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=220.666,224.771"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Their business was not fortune telling","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=224.771,227.811"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or foretelling the future.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=227.811,230.507"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was describing the present","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=230.507,232.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with complete truthfulness and accuracy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=232.53,236.004"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And when you do that, when you describe the present","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=236.004,239.132"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with truthfulness and accuracy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=239.132,241.632"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's an overwhelmingly difficult task,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=244.447,247.697"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then you find out that certain aspects of the future","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=247.697,249.985"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"become self-evident","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=249.985,251.568"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"while others remain shrouded in mystery.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=252.488,254.828"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Can you do without microphone to give the lecture?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=254.828,257.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Sure, is it a unpleasant to hear it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=257.583,260.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah I like the voice but...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=261.607,264.107"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e How's that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=265.871,266.954"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(inaudible)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=267.977,269.608"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I'm used to lecturing to a room this size.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=269.608,272.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can you hear me in the back?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=272.87,274.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=274.82,275.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e You're sure, okay, much better.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=275.653,278.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, so an accurate description of the present","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=282.291,286.208"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with whatever implications for the future","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=288.091,290.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"come out of that is prophecy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=290.103,292.521"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And George Orwell I think was a prophet","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=292.521,295.646"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"perhaps the greatest of our age","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=295.646,298.226"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he understood what it takes to be one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=298.226,301.862"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In his London letter to partisan review","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=301.862,305.482"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the winter of 1944","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=305.482,307.999"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he wrote with his characteristic understatement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=307.999,312.565"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Quote, \"I believe that it is possible to be more objective","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=312.565,315.407"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than most of us are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=315.407,317.074"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but that it involves a moral effort.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=318.08,321.849"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When can I get away from one's own subjective feelings","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=321.849,325.302"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but at least one can know what they are","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=325.302,327.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and make allowance for them\", end quote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=327.303,330.636"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You can notice if you happen to be an Orwell.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=332.445,335.767"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To give you just one brief example","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=335.767,337.515"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before I get to the topic of this evening,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=337.515,341.781"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's very difficult to read Orwell's novels, his essays","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=341.781,344.544"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and his letters without perceiving a faint but evident","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=344.544,349.482"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and rather persistent strain of anti-Semitism in them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=349.482,354.482"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But knowing Orwell, it's not surprising if you read on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=354.807,358.374"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as he got older,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=358.374,360.059"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to find that at one point in his career,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=360.059,362.499"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he gathered up the threads of his own anti-Semitism,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=362.499,365.646"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he sat down examined them as if they belong to somebody else","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=365.646,370.646"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and used them as material to write one of the most brilliant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=372.077,374.821"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and prophetic essays about anti-Semitism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=374.821,377.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that has ever been written,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=377.29,379.229"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's what's meant by a moral effort.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=379.229,382.396"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Those of us who have tried it know how difficult it is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=384.543,386.615"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even for a short intervals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=386.615,389.367"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He did it almost all the time for most of his 46 years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=389.367,393.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is one other essential ingredient","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=396.531,398.307"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of prophecy besides morality and brains","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=398.307,401.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's responsibility, Orwell had that too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=403.457,407.374"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1940 in an essay called \"The Lion in the Unicorn\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=408.374,413.204"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he criticized his fellow socialists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=413.204,414.811"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and his fellow left wing intellectuals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=414.811,417.356"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he certainly was one and considered himself one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=417.356,421.275"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Has having quote, \"Little in 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been","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=425.072,426.372"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and never expect to be in a position of power\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=426.372,430.289"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Until the publication of the American edition of animal 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greater","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=447.329,448.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if he had been prime minister.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=448.43,450.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So Orwell then was a prophet one of the few","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=453.002,456.437"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and by describing his present,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=456.437,459.688"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with unerring and uncanny accuracy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=459.688,462.521"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he made parts of the future, which is our present.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=463.639,467.729"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's quite, self-evident.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=467.729,470.192"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When Orwell has to hear the sorted or really a newspeak","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=470.192,474.255"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the arms race of 11 on Fiasco,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=474.255,477.005"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Granada invasion or a hundred other things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=479.61,482.832"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that stared at us out of our daily papers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=482.832,485.197"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to see that indeed he did a fair amount","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=485.197,487.074"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of predicting of the future by describing his present.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=487.074,491.574"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Fortunately for us and now the topic of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=493.383,496.605"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what I'm gonna be talking about this evening,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=496.605,499.275"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one might say inevitably for anyone who has true vision,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=499.275,503.199"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm biased here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=503.199,504.925"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Orwell understood nature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=504.925,506.925"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he understood humanity's place in nature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=507.908,512.325"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It wasn't a perfect understanding","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=512.325,513.986"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I will briefly mention what I think are","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=513.986,516.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"couple of the worst flaws later on,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=516.74,520.305"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it still does a fine job","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=520.305,521.524"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of describing our present reality 34 years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=521.524,523.935"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after Orwell's death.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=523.935,526.494"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it still has great value.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=526.494,528.658"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in presenting Orwell's view of nature to you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=528.658,532.376"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm going to use as much Orwell","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=532.376,533.609"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and as little Ehrenfeld as possible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=533.609,537.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Therefore, I'll be quoting a great deal from his writings","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=537.093,539.754"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"except for animal farm in 1984,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=539.754,542.337"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which I'll barely mention.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=543.899,546.066"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the reason for this emission is first of all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=547.445,549.546"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you will have had your fill","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=549.546,550.812"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of these two books in other lectures.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=550.812,554.591"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And secondly because they are his","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=554.591,556.322"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"only non autobiographical works.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=556.322,559.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Those two books are the only books you ever wrote","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=559.32,560.805"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that weren't in some measure autobiographical.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=560.805,564.638"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"His feelings about nature comes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=565.495,566.659"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through a little more dimly or not at all in them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=566.659,570.826"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What was nature to George Orwell?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=572.865,575.615"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Simply put, I believe it was his model,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=576.829,580.079"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his example of the properties that he wanted to emulate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=581.046,584.304"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and did emulate in his life and in his art,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=584.304,587.887"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which of course was his work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=589.332,591.749"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are also the properties that he used","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=594.412,595.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a kind of a of a measuring stick or reference standard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=595.987,600.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In his analysis of the changing life of his and our times,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=601.453,605.719"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he used nature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=605.719,606.886"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in utilitarian way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=608.785,610.368"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are three such properties of nature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=612.545,614.608"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I can identify, it's an arbitrary thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=614.608,617.432"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's my own classification, he never said it this way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=617.432,622.432"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They aren't all there is to nature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=622.747,624.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I think they were ultimately very important to him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=624.047,627.428"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The first is honesty,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=627.428,629.178"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The second I have to characterize","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=630.994,632.467"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with four different but related words,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=632.467,636.444"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are reliability, continuity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=636.444,639.277"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"durability, and resilience,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=641.199,643.261"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all of them sort of illustrative of similar properties.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=643.261,647.985"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the third property of nature that was important","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=647.985,650.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Orwell is its beauty and serenity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=650.063,653.146"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'm gonna discuss them in turn.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=654.043,656.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Honesty, as already said","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=658.271,660.271"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this was of paramount importance to Orwell.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=661.489,665.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In his essay called, \"Why I write\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=665.553,668.541"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he noted that from the beginning of his career","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=668.541,670.461"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he had quote, \"A power of facing unpleasant facts\", quote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=670.461,675.294"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Often these facts were about himself, his own behavior.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=676.793,679.968"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's a little excerpt from,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=679.968,681.258"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Down and out in Paris and London\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=681.258,683.049"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is one of my favorite of his books","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=683.049,685.038"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a wonderful book,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=685.038,686.196"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which for those of you who haven't read it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=686.196,689.085"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he describes what it was like to be down","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=689.085,690.715"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and out to be a bum under extremely difficult circumstances","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=690.715,695.267"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which were not pretend circumstances,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=695.267,698.715"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in both Paris and London in the thirties.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=698.715,702.922"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was working as a dishwasher","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=702.922,704.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a horrible Parisian restaurant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=704.47,707.474"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the time this episode took place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=707.474,709.648"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The hours were very long, the pay was minuscule,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=709.648,713.835"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everybody was tired.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=713.835,715.377"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Quote, \"we quarreled over things of inconceivable pettiness,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=715.377,719.847"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the dustbin for instance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=719.847,721.086"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was an unending source of quarrels,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=721.086,723.328"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether it should be put where I wanted it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=723.328,725.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was in the Cook's way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=725.04,727.445"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or where she wanted it which was between me and the sink.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=727.445,732.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Once she nagged and nagged, until at lasted in pure spite","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=732.373,735.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I lifted the dust bin up and put it 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crying.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=751.24,753.952"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I jeered at her\" end quote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=753.952,756.535"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How many of us living through such a 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us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=764.619,767.667"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then would have put it that way in autobiography.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=767.667,772.084"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nature for Orwell, similarly never varnishes 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Marsh","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=783.801,787.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or a stream and think it's lying to me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=787.763,791.371"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that makes no 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wonderful","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=798.968,802.292"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but imperfect novel called, \"Coming up for Air\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=802.292,807.105"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was his most environmentally sensitive book.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=807.105,811.272"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In this novel, the protagonist whose name is also George","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=812.662,817.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there's a lot of autobiographical 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child","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=822.852,826.822"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the thrill of his discovery of a tiny, deep pool","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=826.822,829.521"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that nobody else knew about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=829.521,832.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One which contained enormous fish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=832.533,835.825"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's a little description from the book, 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bows","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=840.883,843.118"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that had fallen off the trees.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=843.118,845.517"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I struggled through it for about 50 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state","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=913.243,914.746"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whose grounds this pool was on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=914.746,917.329"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The old Manor house is now an insane 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here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=932.178,935.707"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"no connection with the town down there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=935.707,938.162"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He waved a hand in the direction of lower 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tudor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=954.164,956.675"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and was such a wonderful fellow","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=956.675,957.874"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at finding Genuine Elizabethan Beams in old farmhouses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=957.874,961.559"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and buying them at ridiculous prices\" end quote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=961.559,965.559"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Of course you know how it has to turn 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pool.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=983.746,986.829"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The old man says to him, quote, \"That is sacrosanct,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=987.911,992.818"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we've decided never to build in it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=992.818,995.368"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is sacred to the young people, nature you know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=995.368,999.464"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We call it the pixie Glen","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=999.464,1001.547"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Orwell's character goes on to say the pixie Glen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1003.882,1008.106"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they filled my pool up with tin 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anything","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1013.716,1016.681"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but doesn't it make you puke sometimes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1016.681,1019.149"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to see what they're doing to England with their bird baths","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1019.149,1021.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and their plaster gnomes and their Pixies and tin cans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1021.63,1024.749"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where the beach was used to be\", end 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dishonesty,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1044.415,1046.685"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the corruption of the inherent honesty of nature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1046.685,1050.768"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nature reminder to Orwell who is not a sentimentalist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1051.712,1056.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is not all beach woods and pristine pools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1056.323,1060.565"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the same book he describes his reaction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1060.565,1062.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the new big Ross cemetery outside of town.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1062.85,1066.184"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He's returned to this 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town,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1073.092,1077.196"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you passed it every day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1077.196,1079.096"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You saw the spot where your grandfather was lying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1079.096,1081.364"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and where someday you were going to lie yourself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1081.364,1085.252"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We didn't mind looking at the dead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1085.252,1088.066"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In hot weather I admit we also had to smell them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1088.066,1091.297"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because some of the family 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on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1106.967,1110.384"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The honesty of nature contrast sharply with a new world","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1117.678,1122.678"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was beginning at that time to emerge in the 1930s","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1122.788,1126.435"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and which still I'm afraid hasn't hit its full stride.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1126.435,1131.435"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A world in which two plus two equals five,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1131.758,1134.594"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you see it around the border of the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1134.594,1136.605"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"logo that was designed for this lecture series,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1136.605,1139.651"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"War is peace, freedom is slavery.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1139.651,1142.401"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's no coincidence that in 1984, the last 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him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1505.697,1507.216"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I hope that if I have one purpose tonight","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1507.216,1510.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It'll be get some of you to 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places,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1556.105,1558.514"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but a wonderful kind of agricultural construction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1558.514,1562.597"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"made out of dozens or hundreds of species of plants,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1563.955,1567.696"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"animals, and maintained by people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1567.696,1570.529"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"skilled people who know how to make 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for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1592.028,1594.634"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"almost to blot out human evil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1594.634,1597.134"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He describes this in his 1946 essay called,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1598.653,1601.397"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"A Good Word for the Vicar of Bray\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1601.397,1604.397"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Vicar of Bray, who was 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you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1610.488,1612.238"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughs)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1612.238,1614.897"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anybody here ever hear the folk song \"the vicar of 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ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1620.642,1622.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm sure there must be other people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1622.44,1623.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who have done it 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tree,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1731.711,1733.856"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a Cox's orange Pippin,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1733.856,1735.826"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is the finest of the English Apple 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do,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1745.262,1747.178"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they said it wouldn't take too well to a New Jersey climate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1747.178,1750.992"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's what he said about it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1750.992,1753.156"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I maintain that it was a public spirited action","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1753.156,1755.319"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to plant that Cox, for these trees do not fruit quickly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1755.319,1759.109"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I did not expect to stay there long.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1759.109,1762.331"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I never had an Apple often at myself,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1762.331,1764.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it looks as if someone else will have quite a lot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1764.94,1768.171"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By their fruits you shall know 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harsher.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1832.827,1834.534"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People on the whole worked harder,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1834.534,1835.837"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lived less comfortably and died more painfully.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1835.837,1839.789"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Solid tradesmen turning gradually","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1839.789,1841.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into broken down bankrupts,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1841.55,1844.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people dying by inches of cancer and liver disease.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1844.26,1847.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Girls ruined for life by illegitimate baby.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1847.3,1850.255"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The houses had no bathrooms,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1850.255,1851.755"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the back streets stank like the devil in hot weather.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1851.755,1856.515"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And yet what was it that people had in those days?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1856.515,1858.602"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A feeling of security even when they were 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toad\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1906.953,1911.169"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When the toad emerges from his winter burrow","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1911.169,1913.221"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of course his body is 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creature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1924.468,1926.385"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is like gold or more exactly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1927.434,1929.202"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is like the golden colored semiprecious 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people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1940.407,1942.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who live in cities and don't know nature, love nature,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1942.47,1945.486"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he thought that was 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beauty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1948.686,1952.269"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Quote, \"I have always suspected that if our economic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=1953.118,1956.148"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and political problems are ever really 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museum.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2041.334,2043.001"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And is very unusual and revealing novel called,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2045.156,2047.522"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"A Clergyman's 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old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2419.465,2422.157"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So she died leaving him","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2422.157,2424.646"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with their adopted 12 month old baby.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2424.646,2427.729"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Quote, \"As soon as I can get a nurse in a house,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2429.776,2432.316"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I shall remove him to the country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2432.316,2434.591"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I don't want him to learn to walk in London\", end quote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2434.591,2439.508"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Curious statement, why not be the first reaction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2441.133,2445.928"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after all London is open for walking in by babies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2445.928,2450.024"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At all seasons, you don't get arrested","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2450.024,2450.942"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if your baby learns to walk in London,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2450.942,2453.502"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there are flat places in London","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2453.502,2455.128"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where babies can learn to walk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2455.128,2457.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Surely he didn't 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obvious.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2463.522,2466.802"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When his child, his only child","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2466.802,2469.302"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"made his first contact with the earth without a mother,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2471.559,2476.111"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he wanted him to experience this earth at its best.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2476.111,2480.361"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I hope I've given some indication of Orwell's attitude","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2484.799,2487.207"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"towards nature as revealed by his writings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2487.207,2491.136"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Before going on I want to make a point","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2491.136,2493.353"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that might not have been obvious so far.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2493.353,2496.686"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Orwell it was contact with nature was not just intellectual","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2498.644,2502.036"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and certainly not forced.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2502.036,2504.119"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Unlike Thoreau whose odds to nature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2505.46,2508.377"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"often rang false to the good naturalists of his day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2510.193,2514.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Read the introduction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2514.89,2515.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Thoreau's collected writings,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2515.723,2517.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"written by two great naturalist at the time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2517.943,2520.074"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and all they do is apologize for the man's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2520.074,2522.904"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lack of knowledge of nature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2522.904,2524.966"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's embarrassing almost to read them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2524.966,2527.036"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My own students have the same reaction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2527.036,2528.734"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when they read Thoreau,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2528.734,2530.017"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially if they've been reading other naturalists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2530.017,2532.551"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2532.551,2534.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But unlike Thoreau,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2534.043,2535.626"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Orwell was always in touch with the earth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2536.674,2539.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even in London.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2539.683,2541.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he knew his stuff from entirely firsthand experience","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2541.723,2544.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that experience was gardening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2544.73,2546.517"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or more properly small farming.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2546.517,2549.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here is a bit from a letter to Elinor J Quis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2550.326,2553.014"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dated July 20, 1933 signed Eric Blair,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2553.014,2556.158"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is his real name.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2556.158,2558.159"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Quote, \"They hear it's fearful","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2558.159,2560.359"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it is good for my marrows,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2560.359,2562.261"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are squashes and pumpkins,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2562.261,2564.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is swelling almost visibly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2564.31,2566.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We've had lashings of peas,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2566.82,2568.048"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"beans just beginning potatoes rather poor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2568.048,2570.445"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"owing to the drought I suppose.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2570.445,2572.032"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have finished my novel that was \"Burmese days\", end 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1936.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2578.974,2582.599"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Quote, \"It isn't what you might call a jurious","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2582.599,2584.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it is as good as one could expect","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2584.633,2586.801"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for seven and six a week so near London,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2586.801,2589.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's about 10 bucks a week that time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2589.287,2592.222"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was his rent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2592.222,2593.525"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The garden is potentially good,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2593.525,2595.438"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but has been left in the most frightful state","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2595.438,2596.834"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've ever seen,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2596.834,2598.104"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm afraid it will be a year before I can get it nice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2598.104,2602.604"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Orwell was in the Spanish civil war,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2610.059,2613.059"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he was wounded in the neck by a bullet and sent home.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2616.76,2621.177"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is from a letter to Jeffrey Gard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2622.061,2623.849"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dated August, 1937.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2623.849,2625.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/860","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Quote, \"The bullet went through my neck from front to back","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2625.117,2629.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/861","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but skidded around both the carotid artery","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2629.117,2630.948"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/862","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the backbone and the most remarkable way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2630.948,2634.585"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/863","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have one vocal cord paralyzed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2634.585,2636.892"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm getting pretty well going with my book","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2636.892,2639.015"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was, \"Homage to Catalonia.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2639.015,2640.959"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/866","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we were very busy trying to do something","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2640.959,2642.634"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the garden, which was in a gasoline mess","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2642.634,2644.322"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/868","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When we got back\", end quote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2644.322,2646.739"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/869","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Last you think he only planted food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2648.408,2652.114"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/870","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's an extract from another letter","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2652.114,2653.485"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/871","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Jack common from French Morocco,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2653.485,2655.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where he was recovering from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2655.613,2656.878"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of his many bouts of tuberculosis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2656.878,2659.438"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is a very debilitating disease.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2659.438,2662.521"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"December, 1938, \"The effects of the frost","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2663.481,2666.501"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/876","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were very curious some nasturtiums","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2666.501,2668.517"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/877","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I had sown earlier were withered up by it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2668.517,2670.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/878","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the bougainvillea which is a tropical plant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2670.74,2672.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/879","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the South Pacific weren't effected\", end quote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2672.89,2677.039"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's a piece from his wartime diary, April 22, 1941","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2677.039,2681.299"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during the height of the bombing of Britain.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2681.299,2684.977"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/882","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Quote, \"sowed while at Wallington","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2684.977,2686.395"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/883","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"40 or 50 pounds of potatoes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2686.395,2688.618"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/884","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which might give 200 to 600 pounds","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2688.618,2690.529"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/885","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"according to the season, et cetera.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2690.529,2692.388"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It would be queer if when this autumn comes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2692.388,2694.547"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/887","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"those potatoes seem are more important achievements","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2694.547,2697.084"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/888","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than all the articles broadcasts, et cetera","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2697.084,2699.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/889","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I shall have done this year\", end quote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2699.333,2702.666"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/890","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's a little bit from his only surviving letter","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2704.007,2705.994"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/891","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to his second wife.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2705.994,2707.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/892","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's curious only one letter each","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2707.55,2708.859"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/893","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to each of his two wives survived","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2708.859,2712.336"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/894","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be put into his collected letters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2712.336,2714.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/895","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Second wife is Sonia Brownell.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2714.883,2717.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/896","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was sent from the isle of Jura.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2717.653,2720.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/897","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He had been very sick in bed with his usual complaint,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2720.303,2724.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/898","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the effects of TB one way or another.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2726.415,2728.869"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/899","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he had just gotten out of bed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2728.869,2730.606"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/900","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and had moved the day before moved his whole household.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787#t=2730.606,2735.189"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22837/annotation/901","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/837/original/AV203372_Orwell_on_Nature_A_Comprehensive_Vision_a.vtt?1613511159","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/837/original/AV203372_Orwell_on_Nature_A_Comprehensive_Vision_a.vtt?1613511159"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22838","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203372_Orwell_on_Nature_A_Comprehensive_Vision_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105787/transcript/22838/annotation/902","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- And welcome to Tuesday night's lecture of the 1984 Institute on national affairs. I'm Marsha Sajin Hoffen. And before I introduce our speaker I'd like to run over tomorrow's agenda. At noon there'll be a lecture by justice Margaret Burnham on political rights in the Reagan years the state of the record, 1984. At three o'clock John Mintz will lecture on 'The Security and Accountability, the Challenge of Free Society\". And then the evening lecture at eight o'clock will be John Henry Faulk lecturing on \"To Secure the Blessings of Liberty\". This evening's lecture, Dr. Ehrenfeld received his bachelor's degree from Harvard. He received his medical degree from Harvard medical school and then his PhD in sociology from the university of Florida. Dr. Ehrenfeld has never enjoyed sticking to one subject area. His interests include the Biology of sea turtles, Ecology and Philosophy of conservation. He's also concerned with the attitude of Judaism and Christianity towards nature. His writings include \"Arrogance of Humanism\" and \"The Chameleon Variant\" and several others. He's also expanded to writing fiction. Dr. Ehrenfeld interest in George Orwell is a longstanding interest. He has read most of his published works and has tried to work material into his courses. This is the first chance Dr. Ehrenfeld has had to lecture exclusively on George Orwell. So please join me in welcoming David Ehrenfeld.\r\n\r\n- Thank you very much. I shouldn't have mentioned to you that it was my first chance to lecture on Orwell because that makes you all seem like Guinea pigs. I apologize for that. Looking over the program, it occurred to me also to... My gosh it works. To wonder why am I talking to you about Orwell and nature when this is an Institute on national affairs and all these other subjects of the sort that you just heard about are being discussed and I guess one of the connections is this is after all an X school and one of the most distinguished in the world and there is a connection between Orwell's interest in 1984 and his other lesser known interests and nature and hybrid culture. And there is a connection and I'll try to get to that at least before I stop Is this microphone too close? I can't tell because I hear my own voice in my ears. Sorry about that. How's that? Is that better or the same? Okay. Now my topic is Orwell and Nature and I want to say at the beginning that it's a pleasure and a relief not to have to speak to you as a futurist, whatever that is. I can't foretell the future. And does he have Schumacher, there was Mumford another bonafide modern prophets have pointed out. Nobody else can foretell the future either. Even the Biblical prophets, they never aimed to use the Hebrew word. We're not the kind of Holy fortune tellers that the word prophet has come to signify. Their business was not fortune telling or foretelling the future. It was describing the present with complete truthfulness and accuracy. And when you do that, when you describe the present with truthfulness and accuracy and it's an overwhelmingly difficult task, then you find out that certain aspects of the future become self-evident while others remain shrouded in mystery.\r\n\r\n- Can you do without microphone to give the lecture?\r\n\r\n- Sure, is it a unpleasant to hear it?\r\n\r\n- Yeah I like the voice but...\r\n\r\n- How's that? Well, I'm used to lecturing to a room this size. Can you hear me in the back?\r\n\r\n- Yes.\r\n\r\n- You're sure, okay, much better. Okay, so an accurate description of the present with whatever implications for the future come out of that is prophecy. And George Orwell I think was a prophet perhaps the greatest of our age and he understood what it takes to be one. In his London letter to partisan review in the winter of 1944 he wrote with his characteristic understatement. Quote, \"I believe that it is possible to be more objective than most of us are, but that it involves a moral effort. When can I get away from one's own subjective feelings but at least one can know what they are and make allowance for them\", end quote. You can notice if you happen to be an Orwell. To give you just one brief example before I get to the topic of this evening, it's very difficult to read Orwell's novels, his essays and his letters without perceiving a faint but evident and rather persistent strain of anti-Semitism in them. But knowing Orwell, it's not surprising if you read on as he got older, to find that at one point in his career, he gathered up the threads of his own anti-Semitism, he sat down examined them as if they belong to somebody else and used them as material to write one of the most brilliant and prophetic essays about anti-Semitism that has ever been written, that's what's meant by a moral effort. Those of us who have tried it know how difficult it is even for a short intervals. He did it almost all the time for most of his 46 years. That is one other essential ingredient of prophecy besides morality and brains and that's responsibility, Orwell had that too. In 1940 in an essay called \"The Lion in the Unicorn\", he criticized his fellow socialists and his fellow left wing intellectuals and he certainly was one and considered himself one. Has having quote, \"Little in them except the irresponsible carping of people who have never been and never expect to be in a position of power\". Until the publication of the American edition of animal farm a few years before his death, Orwell himself had no power of any kind yet he measured his words with a sense of responsibility that wouldn't have been any greater if he had been prime minister. So Orwell then was a prophet one of the few and by describing his present, with unerring and uncanny accuracy he made parts of the future, which is our present. It's quite, self-evident. When Orwell has to hear the sorted or really a newspeak of the arms race of 11 on Fiasco, of the Granada invasion or a hundred other things that stared at us out of our daily papers to see that indeed he did a fair amount of predicting of the future by describing his present. Fortunately for us and now the topic of what I'm gonna be talking about this evening, one might say inevitably for anyone who has true vision, I'm biased here. Orwell understood nature and he understood humanity's place in nature. It wasn't a perfect understanding and I will briefly mention what I think are couple of the worst flaws later on, but it still does a fine job of describing our present reality 34 years after Orwell's death. So it still has great value. And in presenting Orwell's view of nature to you, I'm going to use as much Orwell and as little Ehrenfeld as possible. Therefore, I'll be quoting a great deal from his writings except for animal farm in 1984, which I'll barely mention. And the reason for this emission is first of all that you will have had your fill of these two books in other lectures. And secondly because they are his only non autobiographical works. Those two books are the only books you ever wrote that weren't in some measure autobiographical. His feelings about nature comes through a little more dimly or not at all in them. What was nature to George Orwell? Simply put, I believe it was his model, his example of the properties that he wanted to emulate and did emulate in his life and in his art, which of course was his work. There are also the properties that he used as a kind of a of a measuring stick or reference standard. In his analysis of the changing life of his and our times, he used nature in utilitarian way. There are three such properties of nature that I can identify, it's an arbitrary thing. It's my own classification, he never said it this way. They aren't all there is to nature but I think they were ultimately very important to him. The first is honesty, The second I have to characterize with four different but related words, which are reliability, continuity, durability, and resilience, all of them sort of illustrative of similar properties. And the third property of nature that was important to Orwell is its beauty and serenity. And I'm gonna discuss them in turn. Honesty, as already said that this was of paramount importance to Orwell. In his essay called, \"Why I write\", he noted that from the beginning of his career he had quote, \"A power of facing unpleasant facts\", quote. Often these facts were about himself, his own behavior. Here's a little excerpt from, \"Down and out in Paris and London\", which is one of my favorite of his books a wonderful book, in which for those of you who haven't read it he describes what it was like to be down and out to be a bum under extremely difficult circumstances which were not pretend circumstances, in both Paris and London in the thirties. He was working as a dishwasher in a horrible Parisian restaurant at the time this episode took place. The hours were very long, the pay was minuscule, everybody was tired. Quote, \"we quarreled over things of inconceivable pettiness, the dustbin for instance, was an unending source of quarrels, whether it should be put where I wanted it, which was in the Cook's way, or where she wanted it which was between me and the sink. Once she nagged and nagged, until at lasted in pure spite I lifted the dust bin up and put it out in the middle of the floor where she was bound to trip over it. Now you, coward, I said, move it yourself. Poor old woman. It was too heavy for her to lift and she sat down, put her head on the table and burst out crying. And I jeered at her\" end quote. How many of us living through such a scene where first of all have remembered it on flattering as it would be to us and then would have put it that way in autobiography. Nature for Orwell, similarly never varnishes itself. It is exactly what it is, always. One doesn't look at a beach woods at a Marsh or a stream and think it's lying to me, that makes no sense. Nowhere in his writing is this more vividly expressed, very clearly expressed than in his wonderful but imperfect novel called, \"Coming up for Air\", which was his most environmentally sensitive book. In this novel, the protagonist whose name is also George and there's a lot of autobiographical material that he slips in that way. The protagonist describes his love of fishing as a child and the thrill of his discovery of a tiny, deep pool that nobody else knew about. One which contained enormous fish. Here's a little description from the book, quote \"You had to fight your way through a sort of jungle of Blackberry bushes and rotten bows that had fallen off the trees. I struggled through it for about 50 yards and then suddenly there was a clearing and I came to another pool, which I had never known existed. It was very clear water and immensely deep. I hung about for a bit, enjoying the dampness and the rotten boggy smell the way a boy does. And then I saw something that almost made me jump out of my skin\", end quote. What he saw was a school of gigantic carp. Carp are a symbol of many things in literature. They live such a long time, hundreds of years, in many cases that they are they're often been used as symbols. He saw a school of enormous carp but he was caught shortly after he discovered them, he couldn't fish for them. And as things turn out in the book, in this fiction he never gets a chance to fish for them until he's an adult he returns home, after an absence of about 30 years, he's a middle aged insurance salesman by this time and he visits the oldest state whose grounds this pool was on. The old Manor house is now an insane asylum. The grounds have become a separate suburban housing development. He meets a friendly old man who tells him quote, \"we live in the midst of nature up here, no connection with the town down there. He waved a hand in the direction of lower Benfield, the dark satanic mills, Teehee. Immediately as though I'd asked him he began telling me all about the upper Benfield estate, that's the name of the suburban housing development. And young Edward Watkins, the architect who had such a feeling for the tudor and was such a wonderful fellow at finding Genuine Elizabethan Beams in old farmhouses and buying them at ridiculous prices\" end quote. Of course you know how it has to turn out. The pool, which first the old man doesn't know about and then embarrassingly shows him has become the community garbage dump, drained and already half filled with tin cans. But the residents have preserved a small patch of the original woods, near the pool. The old man says to him, quote, \"That is sacrosanct, we've decided never to build in it. It is sacred to the young people, nature you know. We call it the pixie Glen and Orwell's character goes on to say the pixie Glen. And they filled my pool up with tin cans God rot them and bust them, say what you like, call it silly, childish anything but doesn't it make you puke sometimes to see what they're doing to England with their bird baths and their plaster gnomes and their Pixies and tin cans where the beach was used to be\", end quote. I can't escape the feeling from these words that what bothered Orwell here, even more than the pollution in the rubbish and the destruction that he described and that we're all familiar with, was the dishonesty, the corruption of the inherent honesty of nature. Nature reminder to Orwell who is not a sentimentalist is not all beach woods and pristine pools. In the same book he describes his reaction to the new big Ross cemetery outside of town. He's returned to this town. Cemetery away from homes and businesses all out by itself. Quote, \"We had our church yard plum in the middle of town, you passed it every day. You saw the spot where your grandfather was lying and where someday you were going to lie yourself. We didn't mind looking at the dead. In hot weather I admit we also had to smell them because some of the family volts weren't too well sealed\", end quote. Does it bother you I don't think it's on. The honesty of nature contrast sharply with a new world that was beginning at that time to emerge in the 1930s and which still I'm afraid hasn't hit its full stride. A world in which two plus two equals five, you see it around the border of the logo that was designed for this lecture series, War is peace, freedom is slavery. It's no coincidence that in 1984, the last honest free conversation spoken by Winston and Julia to each other, this is the hero and heroine of 1984. The last honest conversation spoken by each other was this, quote, \"Do you remember, He said, the thrush that sang to us that first day at the edge of the woods. He wasn't singing to us Julia, he was singing to please himself. Not even that he was just singing\", end quote. Note that she takes great pains to be scrupulously honest about nature. Description of Birdsong is one in which we can be very anthropomorphic and most people are anthropomorphic and dishonest about it. Seconds after this speech in the book where the action the book occurs, the third police burst into the room and for all practical purposes, that's the end of the book, 1984. Illusion, unreality, deception are all becoming institutionalized. Orwell using nature is his measuring stick, saw it very early. In the beginning of \"Coming up for Air\" there was a scene in which George Bowling, the narrator buys Frankfurter in a coffee shop. Here's his description. The Frankfurter had a rubber skin, of course and my temporary teeth weren't much of a fit. I had to do a kind of sawing movement before I could get my teeth through the skin. And then suddenly pop, the thing burst in my mouth like a rotten pear. A sort of horrible soft stuff was oozing all over my tongue. It was fish. A sausage a thing calling itself a Frankfurter filled with fish. That's the way we're going nowadays, everything made out of something else. Celluloid rubber, chromium steel everywhere, arc lamps blazing all night, classrooms over your head, radios all playing the same tune, no vegetation left, everything cemented over, Mach turtles grazing under the neutral fruit trees. But when you come down to brass tacks and get your teeth into something solid that's what you get, rotten fish and a rubber skin. And in that, of course you notice he mentions vegetation disappearing. This is his criterion, this is his measuring stick for honesty. Okay, let's go onto the second property that I think he extracted from nature, used nature for. Reliability, continuity, durability, resilience. I can't give much more than a tiny sample of the the many instances in which Orwell pays homage to this side of nature. The seasons of nature are not a vague awareness, like I have like most of us have but a refined and very acute perception are always with him. In fact, that awareness of seasons is one of his main anchors to Windward. Here's a letter to his friend, Richard Reese April, 1936 little extract from it, quote, \"It is still basically cold and everything very late. I have found no nests except thrushes and blackbirds. And I've not heard the cuckoo or seen a swallow. I usually see my first about the 14th the black thorn is out and there are plenty of primroses and cowslips but the hedges are still very bare\", end quote. Here's a bit from the only surviving letter to his first wife. Sent by him from a hospital bed, April of 1937, quote, \"The weather is much better real spring most of the time and the look of the earth makes me think of our garden at home and wonder whether the wallflowers are coming out\", quote. Nothing can stop the cycle of nature and that was important to Orwell. Here's an essay, a piece from an essay called, \"Some Thoughts on the Common Toad\" and I'll have more from that in a while, written in 1946. \"As for spring, not even the narrow and gloomy streets around the bank of England are quite able to exclude it. It come seeping in everywhere like one of those new poison gasses which pass through all filters,\", quote. Only Orwell would have had the sense of humor and the cleverness to juxtapose the idea of spring coming in with that of a new poison gas, obviously to the advantage of spring. Some of his most sparkling writing was inspired by the events of this natural cycle that he reported. From the same essay, quote, \"Before the swallow, before the daffodil and not much later than the Snowdrop the common toad salutes the coming of spring after his own fashion, which is to emerge from a hole in the ground where he has lain buried since the previous autumn and crawl as rapidly as possible towards the nearest suitable patch of water. At this period, After his long fast, the toad has a very spiritual look like a strict Anglo-Catholic towards the end of lent. I can see him when he wrote that he must've gotten a great kick out of it. That's a shame you know, people who only know Orwell from \"Animal Farm\" in 1984, never see this side of him. I hope that if I have one purpose tonight It'll be get some of you to read some of these other books. In \"Coming up for Air\" George bowling remembers the foods that grow wild in the hedges at different seasons. And I'm only including a tiny part of this section quote, \"In July, there were dewberries, but they're very rare and the blackberries were getting red enough to eat. In September there were slows and hazelnuts the best hazelnuts were always out of reach. Later on, there were beach nuts and crab apples\", quote. This you should understand what he's describing is not wilderness. I don't know if he ever did describe wilderness, I'm not sure he was ever in wilderness. It's a hedge he was talking about in this last quote, an English hedge, not the kind of thing that we have here in this country and most places, but a wonderful kind of agricultural construction made out of dozens or hundreds of species of plants, animals, and maintained by people, skilled people who know how to make hedges. Orwell was not a wilderness purist. He valued nature most when it had been shaped and molded by human beings who understood it and who respected it. Now, to Orwell the durability of nature has a remarkable power to atone for almost to blot out human evil. He describes this in his 1946 essay called, \"A Good Word for the Vicar of Bray\". The Vicar of Bray, who was remembered in a wonderful folk song that I'll do you the favor of not singing for you. Anybody here ever hear the folk song \"the vicar of Bray\"? that's too bad, Dyer Bennet did it, find record of it many years ago, I'm sure there must be other people who have done it since. The Vicar of Bray was an 18th century English churchman who was notorious for changing his religious and political beliefs every time a new government or King came into power. And he became quite celebrated, he went from being a monarchist, strict royalist, to a Republican, back to a monarchist, he was a wig then he was a Tori, he was a Catholic, he was a Anglican. Anything or anybody that was in power, any group that was the vicar of Bray at that moment. And he lived quite a while. So he went through many of these shifts, enough at least to get a folk song written about him. Orwell visited his church and discovered that a magnificent yew tree planted by the vicar still survived at that time. Quote, here's what he had to say, quote \"After this lapse of time, all that is left of him as a comic song and a beautiful tree which has arrested the eyes of generation after generation and must surely had outweighed any bad effects which he produced by his political quislingism. The planting of a tree, especially one of the long living hardwood trees is a gift which you can make to posterity at almost no cost and with almost no trouble. And if the tree takes root it will far outlive the visible effect of any of your other actions, good or evil\", end quote. In that essay in that same essay he describes his feelings upon returning to a cottage where he wants to live for a short time. And looking at the roses, the gooseberry bushes and the fruit trees he had planted 10 years earlier. In particular, he was proud of one fruit tree, a Cox's orange Pippin, this is the finest of the English Apple varieties. I wanted to grow on a sort of in honor of this essay in New Jersey but I was persuaded not to by people who know more about apples than I do, they said it wouldn't take too well to a New Jersey climate. Here's what he said about it, \"I maintain that it was a public spirited action to plant that Cox, for these trees do not fruit quickly and I did not expect to stay there long. I never had an Apple often at myself, but it looks as if someone else will have quite a lot. By their fruits you shall know them and the Cox's orange Pippin is a good fruit to be known by. And I did not plant it with a conscious intention of doing anybody a good turn. I just saw the job lot going cheap and stuck to things into the ground. A thing that I regret in which I will try to remedy some time is that I have never in my life planted a Walnut. Nobody does plant them nowadays. When you see a Walnut, it is almost invariably an old tree. If you plant a Walnut you are planting it for your grandchildren and who cares a damn for his grandchildren\". That of course, was in the new world into which they were moving. What he felt very strongly is that there is something missing from modern life. And an understanding of nature told them what that something is. This is from 'Coming up for Air\", quote, \"People learn at something that we hadn't gotten now. They didn't think of the future as something to be terrified of. It isn't that life was softer then than now actually it was harsher. People on the whole worked harder, lived less comfortably and died more painfully. Solid tradesmen turning gradually into broken down bankrupts, people dying by inches of cancer and liver disease. Girls ruined for life by illegitimate baby. The houses had no bathrooms, the back streets stank like the devil in hot weather. And yet what was it that people had in those days? A feeling of security even when they were insecure. More exactly it was a feeling of continuity. And a few pages later, in that same book, he tells what replaced that continuity. Quote, \"There was a temporary feeling about everything. And of course, for life to produce such a feeling it doesn't have to point this out, is unnatural. It's a departure from nature. Now the third property, last one that I wanted to mention that I think was a value to Orwell, was its beauty and serenity. He was keenly attuned to it. This is from that essay \"on the Common toad\". When the toad emerges from his winter burrow of course his body is shrunken and by contrast his eyes look out normally large. This allows one to notice what might not at another time that a toad has about the most beautiful eye of any living creature. It is like gold or more exactly It is like the golden colored semiprecious stone, which one sometimes seasons signet rings and which I think is called a Chrysler barrel\", quote. A little farther on in the same essay have to dismiss in the argument that only people who live in cities and don't know nature, love nature, he thought that was nonsensical. He States his idea of the utilitarian value of natural beauty. Quote, \"I have always suspected that if our economic and political problems are ever really solved life will become simpler instead of more complex. And that the sort of pleasure one gets from finding the first Primrose will loom larger than the sort of pleasure one gets from eating an ice to the tune of a Wurlitzer. Nowadays, you would have said video games but you get the idea. I think that by retaining one's childhood love of such things as trees, fishes, butterflies, and to return to my first instance toads, what makes a peaceful and decent future a little more probable and that by preaching the doctrine that nothing is to be admired except steel and concrete when merely makes it a little sure that human beings will have no outlet for their surplus energy, except in hatred and leader worship\", quote. Again, I want to stress that Orwell is not talking about wilderness as much as the environments in which people and nature interact in a more or less positive way. Natural beauty for Orwell is a subjective quality perceived by people in places where they live, where they work not often some far away place and it doesn't necessarily attach to something you might wanna photograph for a picture postcard or hang in a museum. And is very unusual and revealing novel called, \"A Clergyman's Daughter\" Curious, kind of semi-finished novel, Orwell has a memorable chapter in which the daughter, a victim of amnesia has wandered off with a Motley assortment of gypsies traps, migrant farm workers in Cockneys down from London to pick hops, hops which are used in the manufacture of beer. He wrote the scene from personal experience which he described elsewhere in his notes and in his diaries. This is something he did himself so he knew about it. The pickers who slept in piles of straw in drafty you wooden shacks got up at the first light of dawn, cooked their breakfast and dinner simultaneously because it was the same bacon with bread fried in bacon grease and tea. The ate half of it, that was the breakfast, the rest of it went into a pale, the bacon they bread fried in bacon grease, they made a sandwich out of it, took that off and took the tea in the pale and carried this out to the hop fields which are usually a mile or two away. Moving the heavy bins that they were gonna put the hops in, into position, they dragged the equally heavy, hop binds over them, and quote, \"Began tearing off the bunches of hops. I'm now quoting from him, At that hour of the morning you could only pick slowly and awkwardly. Your hands were still stiff and the coldness of the dew numb them and the hops were wet and slippery. The stems of the binds were covered with minute thorns, which within two or three days torn the skin of your hands to pieces. In the morning, it was a torment to begin picking when your fingers were almost too stiff to bend and bleeding in a dozen places. But the pain wore off when the cuts had reopened and the blood was flowing freely\", end quote. He went on and I'll paraphrase it because it's too long to quote. At noon they ate their bacon sandwiches and drank their tea and picked until five or six in the evening. Wages were one and a half to two pounds of bushel. And the people who weighed the bushels and measured the bushels, cause the bushels were done not by weight but by measurement, had a way of pushing the hops down until they occupied almost no space at all. This hops are very flexible. So the wages are one and a half to two pennies of bushel. You might, if you were an average picker, earn about 10 shillings a week and some of this was almost certain to be withheld by the paymaster on one pretext or another. And there were many pretexts. When it rained which was often you worked under the dripping binds, you waited, actually it didn't work, you just stood there or huddled under the dripping binds, unable to pick and you might get 10 or 11 pennies for the day's work. Now keep all that in mind and listen to Orwell's description of the Cockneys who came from London in the hot picking season. Quote, \"Respectable eastenders, costume angers and small shopkeepers and the like who came hot, picking for a holiday and were satisfied if they earned enough for their fair both ways and a bit of fun on Saturday nights. They went for a holiday. That description was not exaggerated, it was not touched up to make it seem awful. Nowhere do I find any indication that this idea of a holiday surprised Orwell. That he thought, my God what a strange holiday, no indication of that. He knew poverty well, he had no rosy illusions about it. He lived in poverty for all thirty three and a half years of his life. And even then he was not by most standards, a wealthy man. In 1948, for example, two years before he died and two years after the American edition of \"Animal Farm\" had increased his prosperity as much as it ever did, we find this greatest English essayist of the century and maybe of all time. Writing from a hospital TB ward to his friend, Julian Simon's quote, \"Dear Julian, Thanks ever so for sending the pen, which as you see I'm using. Of course it'll do just as well as a Bureau. He must have asked for another kind of pen, and I prefer the color of the ink. My other was just on its last legs and you can't use ink in bed. It must've been a ballpoint pen. Here's a guy who had to write to his best friend to get a ballpoint pen sent to him in a TB hospital. In 1948 it wasn't the immediate post-war period. So he knew what poverty was about. He isn't romanticizing poverty. He just understood that the semi-natural greenery and the quiet of a hop field on a cold September morning was the only bit of beauty and peace that many people could aspire to and there was no hint in his writings that he finds anything ludicrous, outlandish, or sad in the idea of such a vacation. In April of 1945 in a letter to his friend, Anthony Powell he described the sudden death of his first wife, Eileen two weeks earlier, a victim of the anesthetic during a minor operation. Something obviously that they were totally unprepared for. She went in for minor surgery and never came off the operating table alive. And he just rewrites about this in his letter to his friend and then he mentioned his adopted son, Richard who was at that time about a year old. So she died leaving him with their adopted 12 month old baby. Quote, \"As soon as I can get a nurse in a house, I shall remove him to the country as I don't want him to learn to walk in London\", end quote. Curious statement, why not be the first reaction after all London is open for walking in by babies. At all seasons, you don't get arrested if your baby learns to walk in London, there are flat places in London where babies can learn to walk. Surely he didn't mean that the child would learn to walk badly. By now I hope the answer is obvious. When his child, his only child made his first contact with the earth without a mother, he wanted him to experience this earth at its best. Well, I hope I've given some indication of Orwell's attitude towards nature as revealed by his writings. Before going on I want to make a point that might not have been obvious so far. Orwell it was contact with nature was not just intellectual and certainly not forced. Unlike Thoreau whose odds to nature often rang false to the good naturalists of his day. Read the introduction to Thoreau's collected writings, written by two great naturalist at the time and all they do is apologize for the man's lack of knowledge of nature. So it's embarrassing almost to read them. My own students have the same reaction when they read Thoreau, especially if they've been reading other naturalists of the period. But unlike Thoreau, Orwell was always in touch with the earth, even in London. And he knew his stuff from entirely firsthand experience and that experience was gardening or more properly small farming. Here is a bit from a letter to Elinor J Quis, dated July 20, 1933 signed Eric Blair, which is his real name. Quote, \"They hear it's fearful but it is good for my marrows, which are squashes and pumpkins, which is swelling almost visibly. We've had lashings of peas, beans just beginning potatoes rather poor owing to the drought I suppose. I have finished my novel that was \"Burmese days\", end quote. Here's some from a letter to Jack common from his new home at Wallington, April, 1936. Quote, \"It isn't what you might call a jurious but it is as good as one could expect for seven and six a week so near London, that's about 10 bucks a week that time, that was his rent. The garden is potentially good, but has been left in the most frightful state I've ever seen, I'm afraid it will be a year before I can get it nice. Orwell was in the Spanish civil war, he was wounded in the neck by a bullet and sent home. And this is from a letter to Jeffrey Gard dated August, 1937. Quote, \"The bullet went through my neck from front to back but skidded around both the carotid artery in the backbone and the most remarkable way. I have one vocal cord paralyzed. I'm getting pretty well going with my book that was, \"Homage to Catalonia.\" And we were very busy trying to do something about the garden, which was in a gasoline mess When we got back\", end quote. Last you think he only planted food. Here's an extract from another letter to Jack common from French Morocco, where he was recovering from one of his many bouts of tuberculosis, which is a very debilitating disease. December, 1938, \"The effects of the frost were very curious some nasturtiums I had sown earlier were withered up by it, but the bougainvillea which is a tropical plant from the South Pacific weren't effected\", end quote. Here's a piece from his wartime diary, April 22, 1941 during the height of the bombing of Britain. Quote, \"sowed while at Wallington 40 or 50 pounds of potatoes which might give 200 to 600 pounds according to the season, et cetera. It would be queer if when this autumn comes those potatoes seem are more important achievements than all the articles broadcasts, et cetera I shall have done this year\", end quote. Here's a little bit from his only surviving letter to his second wife. It's curious only one letter each to each of his two wives survived to be put into his collected letters. Second wife is Sonia Brownell. This was sent from the isle of Jura. He had been very sick in bed with his usual complaint, the effects of TB one way or another. 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[Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Briefly to conclude","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=5.09,7.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and maybe tying it in a little bit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=7.04,8.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with some of the other things that you'll hear this week","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=8.43,11.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or have heard not so much at the beginning now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=11.98,14.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but a minute or two.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=14.88,17.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wanna conclude by showing how it fit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=17.27,20.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with two other major areas of concern that were on his mind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=20.24,24.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including the one that made him famous.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=24.4,26.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First the area that he would have regarded","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=28.06,29.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as least important and the most people are not aware of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=29.81,32.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is religion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=33.64,34.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's worth the full lecture and it's not gonna get it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=36.67,38.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"'cause I don't have it to give.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=38.89,41.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Before I say anything else about the subject,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=43.0,45.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have to make clear what's perfectly obvious to me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=45.12,47.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and anybody else who reads Orwell","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=47.73,50.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with an attempt at objectivity I hope.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=50.22,52.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that is a George Orwell at no time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=53.73,56.587"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during his writing career,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=56.587,58.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"worshiped God in nature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=59.67,61.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nor did he worship nature instead of God","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=62.74,65.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nor did he worship God in any other way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=66.2,69.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He didn't believe in God.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=69.04,70.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't mean that he rejected former religion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=71.69,74.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and chose to create his own personal method of worship.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=74.32,77.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the usual excuse 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type.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=93.86,95.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although I agree with Wendell Berry","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=98.21,99.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that Orwell's failure to 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God","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=113.72,114.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if he hasn't already done so,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=114.96,117.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd be very surprised if it took him 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it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=176.41,177.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Quote, \"Since you exist, God must've created you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=177.89,181.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is what's going through her 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fades","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=257.51,259.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into insignificance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=259.21,260.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that faith and no faith are very much the same 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two","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=299.12,302.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whose apples he would never get to taste and knew it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=302.54,305.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, the last thing I wanna discuss is 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editors","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=556.51,559.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of left-wing newspapers call a class angle.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=559.25,562.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience 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spring","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=567.957,570.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why should he be happy in a labor saving utopia?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=570.73,573.507"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What Orwell understood, what gave 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today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=583.84,586.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the idea he developed and never had time to finish","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=588.07,590.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Polish 'cause he just didn't live a normal lifespan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=590.41,593.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is it no purely social theory or system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=594.802,597.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like socialism or capitalism or communism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=597.76,601.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No Purely social theory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=601.38,603.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is capable of encompassing both human relationships","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=604.83,607.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the problems of the environment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=607.9,609.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Socialism does not automatically take care of both people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=611.57,615.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and their non-political world of nature and agriculture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=615.12,618.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It just doesn't do it automatically, nor does 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London.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1150.46,1152.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He understood the value of cities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1154.55,1157.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He understood the value of dense groups of people together","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1157.09,1160.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as long as they weren't living","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1160.86,1162.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in conditions of total exploitation and oppression.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1162.15,1166.795"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think he was very worried","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1166.795,1168.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the population explosion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1168.97,1170.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What would have happened if he had lived another 20 years?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1170.6,1172.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I really don't know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1172.84,1174.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but don't forget that in our time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1174.57,1178.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what are the two groups that are fighting this issue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1178.39,1180.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within the ecology movement?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1180.8,1182.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's Paul Ehrlich and Garrett Hardin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1182.62,1185.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the one side is Barry Commoner,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1185.13,1188.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm talking about the original classic opponents","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1188.52,1191.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1191.65,1192.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Barry Commoner being more of a socialist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1192.83,1195.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and saying the enemy is technology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1195.61,1197.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ehrlich and Harden always being put in the right wing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1198.66,1202.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think they always are in the right wing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1202.37,1204.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but certainly they're 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population.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1210.42,1212.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Orwell most certainly would have been","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1213.81,1215.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the Commoner side of that argument.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1215.05,1217.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He already didn't like technology, even in 1948.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1217.18,1220.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e What would Orwell see","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1224.61,1225.997"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as problems confronting nature today (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1225.997,1230.997"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e He would see as the problems confronting nature today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1236.55,1239.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm guessing again, two main things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1241.85,1244.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One is the pollution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1244.07,1245.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and destruction that he was already familiar with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1246.416,1249.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that we don't have to elaborate on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1251.57,1253.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The tearing down of farmland","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1254.67,1256.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for urban expansion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1257.836,1259.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and suburban sprawl and so forth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1259.91,1262.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this after all was going on in his time in England.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1262.37,1265.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it was surveyed in England before his death","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1265.69,1270.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and legislation was proposed around the time of his death","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1270.91,1274.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do something about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1274.29,1275.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He would have hated this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1275.68,1277.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So he would have hated pollution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1277.84,1279.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the destruction of agricultural and rural land.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1280.47,1284.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the other thing is also something he was familiar with,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1284.99,1287.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he would have been very, very much in despair","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1287.83,1290.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over the removal, the increasing removal of people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1290.42,1292.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from nature to Disneyization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1292.92,1295.267"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of nature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1296.78,1298.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The idea that when you wanna go see nature,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1298.09,1299.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you take a ride on a phony boat down a phony river","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1299.9,1303.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a Disney world in central Florida,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1303.4,1306.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where there used to be one","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1306.81,1307.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the most beautiful rivers in the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1307.89,1309.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That he would have hated perhaps even more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1312.06,1314.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e You'd mentioned Orwell (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1317.548,1320.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How Orwell viewed genetic decimation (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1326.903,1331.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I think he would have felt,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1338.95,1341.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's terrible to keep saying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1342.1,1342.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whatever Orwell would have 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now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1438.74,1439.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Try saving seed from a hybrid tomato","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1440.8,1442.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and see what you get next year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1442.75,1444.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's no coincidence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1445.53,1446.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He would have been aware of 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(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1455.528,1459.361"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e He always preferred a rural area where he could farm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1463.91,1467.424"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e On his England over France over-","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1467.424,1469.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, he was in France, really just, he was young","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1469.59,1473.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he was kind of wandering around, bumming 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him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1504.55,1505.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He liked to live in England.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1506.95,1508.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e The first time last summer (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1511.818,1514.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e That's a very good point.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1526.39,1527.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think in the United 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you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1536.13,1537.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is England and its decline","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1537.74,1539.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in that regard maybe for 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combine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1551.55,1554.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a field that's only a 40 acres or 20 acres.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1554.23,1557.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You've gotta get rid of the hedges","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1558.96,1560.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you're gonna practice that kind of agriculture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1560.67,1562.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are a few counties like Devon and Cornwall","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1562.87,1566.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where you can still see magnificent hedges of the real sort.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1566.7,1570.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course the art of making hedges is dying 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belts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1576.48,1578.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And from what I've heard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1579.37,1580.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from my friend West Jackson in Kansas,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1580.9,1583.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the shelter belts are disappearing at a very rapid rate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1583.68,1586.996"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that to me is also a very sad 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(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1630.633,1633.216"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Orwell would have been beneath contempt for Churchill.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1639.324,1642.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Orwell hated 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beginning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1653.22,1655.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the battle of Britain to save the remains","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1655.87,1659.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which of course he 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anybody?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1690.09,1693.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The joy of sex.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1693.6,1694.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience 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alive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1701.015,1703.977"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He's a famous British pacifist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1703.977,1705.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a poet and a physician.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1706.87,1710.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of his specialties is gerontology,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1710.89,1713.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the care of old, older people and the joy of sex","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1713.11,1716.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of course made him and the humanism Institute,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1716.43,1720.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"great fortune","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1720.28,1722.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whatever the place is in California","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1722.52,1724.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but he had terrific exchange","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1726.87,1728.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of letters with Orwell","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1728.76,1730.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which he said, \"I'm a pacifist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1730.51,1733.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not gonna fight for England.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1733.39,1735.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And our well said, \"I'm a pacifist too","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1735.63,1738.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there are times like when you're facing an Adolf Hitler","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1738.45,1742.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you forget about that and you pick up a gun","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1742.41,1745.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you go to work.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1745.01,1746.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A very dramatic exchange","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1747.827,1749.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which I think a Comfort was torn to pieces.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1749.89,1752.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what did he think of Churchill?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1754.29,1757.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He didn't like the man","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1757.1,1758.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but he no doubt respected him","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1758.0,1759.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for his role in the war effort.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1759.36,1761.437"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1766.346,1768.929"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e No, you know, it's very hard to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1777.19,1780.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"convey this to people who live in this country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1782.01,1784.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're not different things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1786.13,1787.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you have a proper relationship to nature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1787.91,1790.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These two things are not different.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1792.16,1793.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me give you a concrete example, Gary Nabhan","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1793.37,1796.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who's a very fine ethnobotanist in Arizona","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1796.62,1801.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wrote a book called The Desert Smells Like Rain","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1801.09,1803.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which he described the culture of the Papago Indians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1803.82,1806.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Southern Arizona and Northern Mexico.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1806.53,1810.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nabhan visited two waterholes, two oases,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1812.04,1815.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both of them at one time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1816.4,1817.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or another had been Papago Indian farms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1817.83,1820.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of them in the United States was taken","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1821.55,1824.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over by the Department of the Interior,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1824.9,1826.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Park Service and turned into a bird reserve, a park","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1826.67,1831.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I believe also a wilderness area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1832.0,1834.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that meant that the Papagos,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1835.88,1837.107"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the few Papagos who were left there had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1837.107,1839.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to stop farming using their traditional methods.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1839.27,1843.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they had to clear out except","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1844.15,1845.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for a caretaker was a native American","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1845.45,1848.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and let the place revert to its, quote, \"Natural state.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1848.41,1852.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is gone on for about 20 or 30 years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1853.27,1855.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"'cause it's not a new park.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1855.37,1857.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Nabhan visited that park","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1857.05,1861.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the Mexican side of the border,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1861.03,1863.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the other waterhole, the other oasis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1863.99,1865.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is only about 50 miles away.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1865.93,1868.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He visited them in the company of an ornithologist or two.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1868.3,1871.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was a party of about three or four of them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1871.2,1874.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all professionals, birders to ornithologist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1874.07,1876.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they knew what they were looking at.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1876.49,1878.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They went on three separate 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away,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1904.262,1906.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's not the climate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1906.75,1907.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wasn't the size of the waterhole.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1909.13,1911.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were all maintained, those extra species are maintained","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1911.33,1914.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the activity of the Papago Indian 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nature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1957.58,1959.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's what he appreciated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1959.57,1960.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1963.413,1965.996"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e No, it stays down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1974.99,1976.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We see that in the Northeast of the United 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wheat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1992.2,1995.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You go to upper New York state and Massachusetts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=1997.1,2000.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Connecticut and Maine and Vermont and New Hampshire","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2000.03,2002.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there are hundreds of thousands of acres,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2002.87,2006.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe millions that were farm in 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abandoned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2014.4,2016.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There is much less in them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2016.2,2017.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are a few species that obviously need 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farms,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2028.99,2031.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"woos and farms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2031.2,2032.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It just increases the diversity of nature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2035.16,2038.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not two everywhere,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2038.62,2039.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it wouldn't be two in the Amazon","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2039.65,2041.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but that's for biological reasons that are maybe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2041.52,2045.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"too complicated to talk about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2045.12,2046.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The point was that Orwell recognized that on a good farm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2046.83,2049.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what he would have considered a good farm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2049.95,2051.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's an awful lot of nature to look at.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2051.92,2054.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=2065.475,2066.308"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience 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[Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22839/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/839/original/AV203372_Orwell_on_Nature_A_Comprehensive_Vision_b.vtt?1613511167","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/839/original/AV203372_Orwell_on_Nature_A_Comprehensive_Vision_b.vtt?1613511167"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22840","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203372_Orwell_on_Nature_A_Comprehensive_Vision_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788/transcript/22840/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Briefly to conclude and maybe tying it in a little bit with some of the other things that you'll hear this week or have heard not so much at the beginning now but a minute or two. I wanna conclude by showing how it fit with two other major areas of concern that were on his mind including the one that made him famous. First the area that he would have regarded as least important and the most people are not aware of. This is religion. It's worth the full lecture and it's not gonna get it 'cause I don't have it to give. Before I say anything else about the subject, I have to make clear what's perfectly obvious to me and anybody else who reads Orwell with an attempt at objectivity I hope. And that is a George Orwell at no time during his writing career, worshiped God in nature nor did he worship nature instead of God nor did he worship God in any other way. He didn't believe in God. I don't mean that he rejected former religion and chose to create his own personal method of worship. That's the usual excuse given for people who we don't like to call atheists. He didn't worship. He didn't worship anything. Not nature, not God, not power, not money, not beauty, not love, not even art. He was not a worshiping type. Although I agree with Wendell Berry that Orwell's failure to believe in God was the principle flaw in his character, I don't feel that this seriously matched his writing. As far as his character is concerned, he can work that out with God if he hasn't already done so, I'd be very surprised if it took him along and it's not my business. As for his work, his lack of belief may actually have helped increase his impartiality in that emotionally charged arena of religion. If he was worried about differences between Anglo Catholics and Anglicans, it didn't matter, he wasn't on one side or the other, he didn't like either of them. Moreover, nobody can accuse Orwell spite of this impartiality of insensitivity to the meaning of God in people's lives, that he did understand. Here's what he has Dorothy, the clergyman's daughter think as she struggled successfully at the end of the book to resolve her crisis of faith, crisis of faith that she lost her faith. She never gets it back in the book. Here's how she resolves it. Quote, \"Since you exist, God must've created you. This is what's going through her mind. He created you when he will kill you for his own purpose but that purpose is inscrutable. It is in the nature of things that you can never discover it. And perhaps even if you did discover it you would be averse to it. Then while she saw clearly no possible substitute for faith, no pagan acceptance of life as sufficient to itself, no pantheistic cheer up stuff, no sooner religion of progress with visions of glittering, utopias and antiques of steel and concrete. It is all or nothing. Either life on earth is a preparation for something greater and more lasting or it is meaningless, dark and dreadful,\" end quote. But Dorothy, as I said, had lost her faith beyond all hope of recovery. Without faith what alternative was there to black despair for her? This is what the narrator, Orwell says, quote, \"She did not reflect consciously that the solution to her difficulty laying, accepting the fact that there was no solution that if one gets on with a job that lies to hand, the ultimate purpose of the job fades into insignificance, that faith and no faith are very much the same provided that one is doing what is customary useful and acceptable,\" end quote. These words I think spoke for Orwell too. They account for his steadfast cheerfulness, his balance insight productivity, and honorable fellowship during a short life that Job himself would have had a great deal of sympathy for. And who knows after you wrote that paragraph about getting on with a job and doing things that were customary and useful and acceptable, maybe he went outside and planted a row of potatoes, a few hills of pumpkins, or a Cox's orange Pippin or two whose apples he would never get to taste and knew it. Now, the last thing I wanna discuss is worthy not of one, but of 10 lectures. So I put it last as a kind of exercise and self discipline. Some people wear hair shirts. I try to squeeze 50,000 words into 500. And I hope you can see A life in which human beings live in some kind of uneasy, imperfect but generally wholesome and durable balance with nature was as closest Orwell came to a vision of paradise. But it wasn't his only vision of paradise. I'm like most of us, most of us have, if we have any, have one vision of paradise, he had two. They were distinct although they weren't entirely unrelated. And these two views of paradise set up a central tension in his writings especially his social and political writings which of course is most of them. Orwell was a socialist. He had a social vision of a world in which no class of people or race or nationality was exploited and in which people shared more or less equally whatever worth the world had to offer. He knew every variety of exploitation from firsthand experience on both sides of the fence, both sides of the fence. He was in the British Imperial police in Burma, a colonialist, colonialist oppressor if you like, is the terminology he might've used. He was a soldier in the Spanish Civil War fighting with the anarchist against both Franco and against the communists. He was a tramp and a bum in both France and England. And he was an investigative reporter studying conditions in the British coal mines among other things. His honesty in his personal involvement made him very empathetic to the plight of people. You won't find a more sensitive portrait for example of the degrading effects of colonialism and the story of Dr. Veraswami, in Burmese days. A man whose failure to get into the degenerate whites only European club is the mechanism of his destruction by political events or by his political enemies. There's no question about Orwell's fundamental socialism just as there's no question about his fundamental atheism. For most people who know his work are aware that one hallmark of him was that he did not swallow the socialist party line entire. He started to break with many British socialists in the thirties when he realized that the Russians were actually helping the fascists in Spain. And by the time he published Animal Farm in the mid forties, he was one of Britain's leading anti-Soviet writers, perceiving Russia as as much an enemy of socialism as the Nazis had been. What many people don't realize, however, is that Orwell had another source of disagreement with his fellow socialists and although it attracted a lot less attention than the one over Russia, it was much more fundamental. Orwell claimed that every time he wrote something positive about nature, every time he said something nice about a primrose or a toad, he got dozens of angry letters from socialists calling him a bourgeois sentimentalist and saying that he ought to have more faith in progress and the ability of the machine to liberate the workers from oppression. In his essay on the Common Toad, he wrote sarcastically, but almost desperately, quote, \"Is it wicked to take a pleasure in spring? Is it politically reprehensible while we were all groaning or at any rate ought to be groaning under the shackles of the capitalist system to point out that life is frequently more worth living because of a Blackbird song or yellow elm tree in October or some other natural phenomenon which does not cost money and does not have what the editors of left-wing newspapers call a class angle.\" And he went on to ask the ultimate question, quote, \"If a man cannot enjoy the return of spring why should he be happy in a labor saving utopia?\" What Orwell understood, what gave him in my opinion the greatest claim to the title prophet and what makes his prophecy so useful and valid today, the idea he developed and never had time to finish and Polish 'cause he just didn't live a normal lifespan. Is it no purely social theory or system like socialism or capitalism or communism. No Purely social theory is capable of encompassing both human relationships and the problems of the environment. Socialism does not automatically take care of both people and their non-political world of nature and agriculture. It just doesn't do it automatically, nor does communism. Orwell, if he had lived long enough would not have been a bit surprised by Marshall Goldman's book called The Spoils of Progress in which he describes the horrible environmental mess the Russians have made of Russia, an environmental mess that makes our environmental mess look tiny by comparison. He wouldn't have been surprised. And The Road to Wigan Pier, he says repeatedly that machine civilization is here to stay but that as long as we have to live in a beehive machine society, that's his term. It's better than it'd be a socialist than a fascist one, fascism being defined by him as, quote, \"Socialism with the virtues left out,\" quote, but, quote, \"Once socialism is established, he wrote, those who can see through the swindle of progress will probably find themselves resisting, in the machine world they have got to be a sort of permanent opposition,\" end quote. There are now millions of people Orwell said, quote, \"To whom the blaring of a radio, is not only a acceptable but a more normal background to their thoughts than the lowering of cattle or the song of birds. The mechanization of the world could never proceed very far while taste remained uncorrupted because in that case most of the products of the machine would be simply unwanted. In a healthy world, there would be no demand for tinned food, aspirins, gramophones, gas pipe chairs, machine guns, daily newspapers, telephones motorcars, et cetera, et cetera. But meanwhile, the machine is here and it's corrupting effects are almost irresistible.\" For him, the first task was to establish a socialism then equally important to humanize it, that also is his word. In other words, to reconcile it with the natural world. He didn't have any practical suggestions about how to do this if he did, I couldn't find them. And although he recognized that there were self-destruct mechanisms built into machine society, into the social parts of it into the bureaucracy, what he called in his 1943 essay on Poetry and the Microphone, the quote, \"Loose ends and forgotten corners in the machine of government.\" He never realized as many scientists now do and more I hope are beginning to, that similar instabilities exist in technology itself and that these instabilities may someday force us and lead us to control the worst evils of machine life. If he had lived long enough to realize this, if he had lived into the age of nuclear power plant cancellations every week and the awakening of ecological agriculture to pick two tiny examples, he might've found a measure of comfort in it, but he didn't live past the first flash of technological intoxication. He died when people still spoke about Adams for peace. So he had two visions of paradise, one, a vision of a world in which nature was cherished and improved by gentle and caring human civilization. The other revision of a world in which people treated each other decently unfairly without exploitation. Ultimately the two visions came together for him in his lifetime and an image of a quote, \"Simpler, harder, quote, \"Predominantly agricultural way of life in which the machine is under human control,\" and quote. \"Progress is not definable as making the world safe for little fat men.\" But Orwell was a supreme realist, supreme realist of our time. And he knew that neither of his visions were even close to attainment. So what do we do in the meantime, we have to live. He lived, he lived as long as he could and he struggled to live longer. I'll let him answer what one does or what he suggested in his own words and the concluding paragraph of his essay in defense of the Common Toad. No, some thoughts on the Common Toad, quote, \"At any rate Spring is here, even in London, North one and they can't stop you enjoying it. This is a satisfying reflection. How many a time have I stood watching the toads mating or a pair of hares having a boxing match in the young corn and thought of all the important persons who would stop me enjoying this if they could. But luckily they can't. So long as you are not actually ill hungry, frightened, or emued in a prison or a holiday camp. Spring is still Spring. The atom bombs are piling up in the factories. The police are prowling through the cities. The lies are streaming from the loudspeakers but the earth is still going around the sun and neither the dictators nor the bureaucrats deeply as they disapprove of the process are able to prevent it. Thank you. Anybody does have questions I'd be happy to try to answer them.\r\n\r\n- He would be a realist. He wouldn't have any illusions about what the ecology movement has achieved so far. He would have no sympathy for the Sierra Club because the Sierra Club too often champions the rights of nature in places where its members are not. Sometimes even at the expense of people who live there, like for instance the native Americans and parts of Arizona. He would probably welcome, you know, it's cheap in a way to say what a dead man would do. I'm just guessing. He would probably welcome most of all, the very recent, it only dates back about a year or two, growing alliance between parts of the ecology movement and parts of the ban the bomb movement. The conference on the Fate of the Earth, the book itself on The Fate of the Earth by Jonathan Shell, he would probably welcome that. He would welcome the conference on the fate of the earth that was held at the cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York a year ago at 700 people in attendance and which really represented the coming together of the ecology types and the antiwar types. He would, I think, see that as a hopeful sign and would probably be involved with it. That's just my guess. He was a very practical man though. He didn't waste his time on things that he would consider idiotic. He certainly would see the environmental degradation, the Soviet Union as confirming everything he thought about Russia, which he detested, not the country, but the people who ran it. Yes.\r\n\r\n- Did Orwell address the problem of the growing in population and his thoughts on going back to nature seemed to\r\n\r\n- Nowhere did I ever come across that I remember Orwell worried about what Paul Ehrlich would describe as a Population Bomb. Population Bomb of course was written after Orwell died. Morphous of course was dead long before Orwell was born. So it's not as if nobody knew about it. Orwell was too much of a socialist to be afraid of large masses of people. And he liked cities. Half of down and out in Paris and London is the countryside but half of it is indeed Paris in London. He understood the value of cities. He understood the value of dense groups of people together as long as they weren't living in conditions of total exploitation and oppression. I don't think he was very worried by the population explosion. What would have happened if he had lived another 20 years? I really don't know, but don't forget that in our time, what are the two groups that are fighting this issue within the ecology movement? There's Paul Ehrlich and Garrett Hardin on the one side is Barry Commoner, I'm talking about the original classic opponents on the other. Barry Commoner being more of a socialist and saying the enemy is technology. Ehrlich and Harden always being put in the right wing. I don't think they always are in the right wing but certainly they're considered by left-wingers as fascist unfairly, but they are. They always say the real problem is population. Orwell most certainly would have been on the Commoner side of that argument. He already didn't like technology, even in 1948.\r\n\r\n- What would Orwell see as problems confronting nature today\r\n\r\n- He would see as the problems confronting nature today, I'm guessing again, two main things. One is the pollution and destruction that he was already familiar with and that we don't have to elaborate on. The tearing down of farmland for urban expansion and suburban sprawl and so forth, this after all was going on in his time in England. And it was surveyed in England before his death and legislation was proposed around the time of his death to do something about that. He would have hated this. So he would have hated pollution and the destruction of agricultural and rural land. And the other thing is also something he was familiar with, he would have been very, very much in despair over the removal, the increasing removal of people from nature to Disneyization of nature. The idea that when you wanna go see nature, you take a ride on a phony boat down a phony river in a Disney world in central Florida, where there used to be one of the most beautiful rivers in the world. That he would have hated perhaps even more.\r\n\r\n- You'd mentioned Orwell How Orwell viewed genetic decimation\r\n\r\n- Well, I think he would have felt, it's terrible to keep saying whatever Orwell would have felt. I think he would've felt that nature will never be totally suppressed, that remark about Spring seeping in like a poison gas, even into the worst downtown streets of London around the bank of England. You can't keep nature down totally. I think as far as the seed companies are concerned what would have bothered him most was the buying up the monopolization of the seed companies by the petrochemical industry. You can bet he would've been aware of that. He would have been very much aware of the conversion of agriculture into another means of exploitation which is a widespread and perhaps unstoppable process. And he would have been very much aware of how few people there are left in England, where it is now against the law to grow certain seed varieties if you're within a certain distance of one of the common market seed companies, you will be put in jail for it, he would have been aware of that. He would have been aware of how few people there are really left in the European American sphere agriculture who are interested in preserving a kind of agriculture that can still be conducted entirely by a farmer. For instance, you could, if you're a farmer in Orwell's day you could select better varieties and that's what farmers do. They select varieties that grow on their piece of land and their soil and their conditions of insects and their conditions of weather. You can't do that now. Try saving seed from a hybrid tomato and see what you get next year. And that's no coincidence. He would have been aware of that.\r\n\r\n- Did Orwell express any particular preference on where to live\r\n\r\n- He always preferred a rural area where he could farm.\r\n\r\n- On his England over France over-\r\n\r\n- Oh, he was in France, really just, he was young and he was kind of wandering around, bumming around and he certainly wouldn't have wanted to stay in France. He was an Englishman through and through. He was in Burma too, of course, in his colonial days but he hated that because he realized exactly what he was doing, what it meant. If you wanna see what it meant to him, read his essay called Shooting an Elephant, in which he describes how he had to shoot an elephant to save face as a European, even though the elephant was really perfectly okay and there was nothing wrong with it, what that meant to him. He liked to live in England.\r\n\r\n- The first time last summer\r\n\r\n- That's a very good point. I think in the United States you could not have produced an Orwell, not that aspect of Orwell's character. And what you saw in England which was so impressive to you, is England and its decline in that regard maybe for Orwell almost totally ruined after all there are a whole counties of England now where there's hardly a hedge left. They've all been torn up in the interest of agribusiness 'cause it's very expensive to run a big combine in a field that's only a 40 acres or 20 acres. You've gotta get rid of the hedges if you're gonna practice that kind of agriculture. There are a few counties like Devon and Cornwall where you can still see magnificent hedges of the real sort. And of course the art of making hedges is dying out. Around here, the closest thing that you ever got to the hedges were the shelter belts. And from what I've heard from my friend West Jackson in Kansas, the shelter belts are disappearing at a very rapid rate and that to me is also a very sad thing. I suppose, someday they'll want them back in a hurry and you can't get shelter belts back in a hurry. I know, are the shelter belts going around here or have they gone?\r\n\r\n- No, I'm thinking of that Rooseveltian new deal program to put in thousands and tens of thousands of miles of windbreaks, which were not just one species of tree. That's what made them unique in the American experience. They were several species of tree plus whatever else would find a niche in that area as close as you could get to an English hedge.\r\n\r\n- Orwell would have been beneath contempt for Churchill. Orwell hated Churchill, Churchill if he knew about Orwell would have hated him too. Don't forget they were totally different parties. Before Churchill was called back at the beginning of the battle of Britain to save the remains which of course he did from what Chamberlain had done to them. Orwell was scathing about Churchill and the other Blimpsy called on that the Colonel Blimp is the typical defender of colonialism that Orwell hated. On the other hand, Orwell in his writing he was always fair, it's remarkable. And he was quite aware of what Churchill did for the British war effort. One of the most interesting exchanges of letters that Orwell ever wrote was with Alex Comfort. Does the name Alex Comfort ring a bell to anybody? The joy of sex. Alex Comfort was a famous British pacifist, is still is, he's still alive. He's a famous British pacifist and a poet and a physician. One of his specialties is gerontology, the care of old, older people and the joy of sex of course made him and the humanism Institute, great fortune whatever the place is in California but he had terrific exchange of letters with Orwell in which he said, \"I'm a pacifist I'm not gonna fight for England.\" And our well said, \"I'm a pacifist too and there are times like when you're facing an Adolf Hitler when you forget about that and you pick up a gun and you go to work.\" A very dramatic exchange in which I think a Comfort was torn to pieces. So what did he think of Churchill? He didn't like the man but he no doubt respected him for his role in the war effort.\r\n\r\n- No, you know, it's very hard to convey this to people who live in this country. They're not different things when you have a proper relationship to nature These two things are not different. Let me give you a concrete example, Gary Nabhan who's a very fine ethnobotanist in Arizona wrote a book called The Desert Smells Like Rain in which he described the culture of the Papago Indians in Southern Arizona and Northern Mexico. Nabhan visited two waterholes, two oases, both of them at one time or another had been Papago Indian farms. One of them in the United States was taken over by the Department of the Interior, the Park Service and turned into a bird reserve, a park and I believe also a wilderness area. And that meant that the Papagos, the few Papagos who were left there had to stop farming using their traditional methods. And they had to clear out except for a caretaker was a native American and let the place revert to its, quote, \"Natural state.\" This is gone on for about 20 or 30 years 'cause it's not a new park. And Nabhan visited that park and the Mexican side of the border, the other waterhole, the other oasis which is only about 50 miles away. He visited them in the company of an ornithologist or two. It was a party of about three or four of them, all professionals, birders to ornithologist they knew what they were looking at. They went on three separate occasions. So it wasn't a coincidental thing. In the American park which was by now reasonably pristine, left alone, no pollution, no disturbance, no agriculture. They counted a total of about 32 or three species of birds, all of them native species. In the still farmed Mexican waterhole, there were over 60 species of birds, 50 miles away, it's not the climate, wasn't the size of the waterhole. They were all maintained, those extra species are maintained by the activity of the Papago Indian farmer who was still there, not as a conscious thing but because his farming methods were sufficiently in harmony with nature, that his activities actually increased natural diversity of vegetation. When you increase the natural vegetation diversity, the number of bird species goes up, it's a normal kind of a thing. There's no doubt that in England in areas where farming has been abandoned and the land has been allowed to go back I won't call it a wild state, but at least to a non, a less interfered with state, the natural diversity of nature goes down. And that's true in any area where people have existed for a long time in a reasonable kind of a balance with nature. That's what he appreciated.\r\n\r\n- No, it stays down. We see that in the Northeast of the United States. You go into new England now and it used to be a patchwork of small farms. All over Massachusetts, Maine, you know, you think of Maine, what do you think of? Cold place, lots of trees. Maine used to be the bread basket of New England, wheat. You go to upper New York state and Massachusetts and Connecticut and Maine and Vermont and New Hampshire and there are hundreds of thousands of acres, maybe millions that were farm in 1890 and 1880 and 1870 that are now forest, may have gone back, they'd been abandoned. There is much less in them. There are a few species that obviously need forest and trees like a few of the predatory mammals like fishers that are coming back. But the general diversity is not as great as when it was a patchwork of woods and farms, woos and farms. It just increases the diversity of nature. It's not two everywhere, it wouldn't be two in the Amazon but that's for biological reasons that are maybe too complicated to talk about. The point was that Orwell recognized that on a good farm what he would have considered a good farm. There's an awful lot of nature to look at. Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36649/file/105788#t=0.0,2079.312"}]}]}]}