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topic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=403.22,406.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And indeed, what an author has in his head,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=406.69,409.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can usually be found in his books.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=409.94,412.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And thus, people come to his lecture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=412.53,415.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by a merrily to gain an impression of him as a person","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=415.2,419.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and not only of his ideas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=419.49,421.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I have already stated, the 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times,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=430.21,434.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would like to tell you something about myself,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=434.02,437.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about my spiritual experiences and the sorts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=437.43,440.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which concern me the most.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=440.94,442.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Please forgive me for my bad English,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=444.958,447.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but this is my first visit to the West.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=447.28,450.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My story began certain years 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socialism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1496.46,1499.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in order to overcome any totalitarian system,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1500.8,1504.749"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you must first provide answers to those problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1504.749,1508.517"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which help create a four mentioned systems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1508.517,1513.517"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have not even solved in theory, on the spiritual","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1517.37,1521.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and ideological sphere, the cause or treatment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1521.4,1524.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this disease and the solution is impossible","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1524.51,1528.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through political struggle alone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1528.34,1530.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Permit me to mention a few important 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dealing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1561.23,1565.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with houses or cars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1565.04,1566.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, when the demands of public transportation 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subways.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1581.87,1585.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, in a sense, our whole planet has now become","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1585.25,1589.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or is becoming one single subway,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1589.3,1592.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which honestly speaking,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1592.37,1594.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the United States rides first-class.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1594.06,1597.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How to come by combines the continuing technical progress","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1597.35,1602.348"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and centralization with the freedom of individual creativity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1602.348,1606.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the economy, is a problem that is far from being solved","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1606.69,1611.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even in theory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1611.26,1612.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or take the problem of nationalism, for instance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1613.47,1617.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How does one find an ideological and spiritual base","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1617.13,1621.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the creation of a supernational movement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1621.89,1625.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without it being totalitarian?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1625.63,1628.422"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When it is obvious that nationalism cannot withstand","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1628.422,1632.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"international communist totalitarianism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1632.98,1635.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, let as look at the relationship","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1637.989,1642.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between science and religion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1642.02,1643.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Today, even the people most devoted to the church","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1644.8,1648.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have come to realize that the religious language","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1648.29,1651.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is completely outdated and incomprehensible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1651.93,1654.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the very basic thing is that I don't 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decisive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1663.313,1666.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, it is often unavoidable.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1666.48,1668.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The true struggle today is in spiritual","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1670.01,1673.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and ideological sphere rather than in a political one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1673.31,1677.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is why I do not believe that all the problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1678.578,1681.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of today's world can be solved by victory over communism.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1681.57,1686.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is crucial that there be a new global 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rebirths.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1697.03,1700.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is not a theoretical or ideological matter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1701.21,1705.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There is no need for an all embracing theory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1705.24,1709.101"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"giving precepts of all of what to do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1709.101,1713.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Either one has to be able again to feel in oneself","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1713.03,1718.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that internal compass, which every minute of life","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1718.01,1722.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"shows the only right direction for action.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1722.21,1726.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To have faith in it and to follow it's directions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1727.7,1732.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"despite any deadly threats.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1733.32,1736.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"About this (indistinct) in \"Doctor Zhivago\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1737.11,1740.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the whole tragedy started from the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1740.82,1743.612"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we cease to believe our own opinion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1743.612,1747.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No political 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evil","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1782.99,1785.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"actively believing in it or passively submitting to it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1785.97,1790.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In order to exist, forever to 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dictatorship,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1806.58,1808.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tomorrow's freedom could not appear.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=1808.92,1811.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this freedom will of 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lead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=2607.97,2612.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This conclusions would undoubtedly terribly frighten","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=2612.36,2617.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the people who have not yet reached the boundaries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=2617.32,2621.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where the dogma about the world objects starts to crumble.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=2621.5,2625.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the time for that will come too, thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=2626.42,2631.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience applause)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=2631.671,2634.671"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28989/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/989/original/AV168060_The_Artist_as_Enemy_a.vtt?1622850145","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/989/original/AV168060_The_Artist_as_Enemy_a.vtt?1622850145"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28990","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV168060_The_Artist_as_Enemy_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785/transcript/28990/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Those of you in the very back come forward. I think it's better for a speaker to have people a little more solidly confronting him, please.\r\n\r\n- Good evening, I'm hoping the microphones are working good, they are. We have with us this evening most distinguished Professor Mihailo Mihailov. Our speaker is a Yugoslav university lecturer, literary scholar, and intellectual critic of the Yugoslav regime, who has paid a high price for his efforts to draw upon Yugoslav constitution guarantees of free speech. Mihailov first attained prominence with the publication of \"Moscow Summer\", in which he described his meetings with Soviet writers in 1964 and spoke openly of unpleasant facts of Soviet history, usually left unmentioned. Under pressure from the Soviet government, the Yugoslav authorities indicted him for slandering the Soviet Union in 1965. Though acquitted of this specific charge, he was sentenced to nine months for distributing banned materials. He actually served only one month of the sentence before it was suspended, but he lost his university position and was kept under surveillance for a year. He was once again brought to trial in September of 1966 and condemned to a year in prison on the charge of spreading false information. Before he could serve this sentence fully, he was taken from prison to be tried a third time on the grounds that he had published in foreign newspapers, articles which he could not print within the country. One of them incidentally dealt with the question of, why communist intellectuals hesitate to criticize their own regimes. In the course of his trial which was widely covered by the Western press, Mihailov defended his right to state his views publicly in the Yugoslav press if possible, otherwise in the Western press. His real offense was his plan to found a journal which would be the voice of the loyal opposition. An opposition which accepted the basic tenets of a socialist state in Yugoslavia, but demanded democracy and freedom of speech, at least within a socialist framework. Such a demand was more than the state could allow. On 19th of September of April, 1967, Mihailov was sentenced to four and a half years in prison and forbidden political activity for four years thereafter, for the crime of having published, \"hostile propaganda abroad\". As the New York Times commented at that point, any such hostile propaganda could never have been so damaging to his country's reputation as his conviction and his sentence. On March 4th, 1970, Professor Mihailov was released from prison and continued writing articles for foreign publications. He did not alter his fundamental political views in the 1970s, but he devoted greater attention to the spiritual and religious aspects of freedom. The beleaguered dissident was once again arrested in October of 1974. On February 25th, 1975, during a year of severe repression in Yugoslavia, he went on trial on the usual charge of disseminating hostile propaganda in foreign publications. Three days later, he was sentenced to seven years and hard labor and was once again barred from public activity for four years, following the completion of his sentence. In prison, he began protracted hunger strikes in December, 1975, and again, in December 76 to improve his living conditions. Meanwhile, human rights groups in the West petitioned Tito for his release. To mark Yugoslavia's national day, the state freed Mihailov and a group of other prisoners in November, 1977 Amnesty. \"I do not intend to be quiet\", Mihailov announced upon leaving jail. He attributed his release to the fact that the East-West Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe was meeting in Belgrade at the time to discuss among other things, compliance for the human rights provisions of the Helsinki agreements of 1975. In early 1978, he urged the delegates to make reference to the human rights issue and conference his final document, a plea that failed. Even when he was not in prison, Mihailov was unable to accept a standing offer made in 1977, excuse me, of 1970, of an opportunity to carry on his academic work at Stanford University, because his government would not give him a passport. After much effort to get a passport, he was eventually successful this last summer and he has come for this year, to the United States on a lecture tour. Since he has come, he has visited over 20 American universities, including Columbia and Yale. He is one of the editors of the International Journal, Continent. He has authored, \"Moscow Summer\", Russian themes, underground notes, and upcoming book \"Thoughts on Unscientific Thoughts\". And in 1978, in recognition of a struggle for freedom, he received an award from the International League of Human Rights. At this point I would like to turn over the podium, Professor Mihailov.\r\n\r\n- When a person has the opportunity to speak to an audience like this for the first time and also perhaps the last, he experiences a strong desire to speak out fully and not simply give a lecture on a given topic. And indeed, what an author has in his head, can usually be found in his books. And thus, people come to his lecture by a merrily to gain an impression of him as a person and not only of his ideas. As I have already stated, the desire to have answers is not unusual and there are no exception. Thus in a brief period of times, I would like to tell you something about myself, about my spiritual experiences and the sorts which concern me the most. Please forgive me for my bad English, but this is my first visit to the West. My story began certain years ago. On March 4th, 1965, someone knocked at my office door in the philosophy department of Zagreb University in little town, Zadar on Adriatic coast where I was teaching. Young man, student of mine who turned out to be an agent of the UDB, the Yugoslav secret police, along with several plain clothed men and one uniform policeman. The so-called students said, \"Your hour has come.\" And I was arrested for the first time in my life. It was noon and I hadn't had a chance to read the newspapers having just arrived at work. However, on my way in, I noticed the students and colleagues were looking at me oddly. I even went into the men's room to check whether something was wrong with my clothing. It turned out that they had simply read the papers, and I didn't. That day the newspapers published Tito's speech to a group of persecutors, whom he reproached for not having noticed that the literary magazines were publishing all sorts of evil things. For example, my series of articles titled, \"Moscow Summer\", which appeared in the Belgrade magazine, Delo. According to Tito, my articles, \"slandering our socialist country\", that is the Soviet Union. You may find it interesting that at the time when I was publicly criticized by our president, arrested, and then unlawfully dismissed from my job as assistant professor at the university, I was the secretary of the teacher's Union of the philosophy department, and of this other branch of the historical Institute of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences. However, in Yugoslavia, as in other non democratic one-party countries, unions exist as a mere formality to give the system a civilized appearance. But in fact, unions cannot achieve anything, decide anything, or even speak out publicly. And my job as secretary of the teacher's union was nothing but a meaningless formality. I was elected to the post for reasons that you may find difficult to understand. Namely, I was the youngest teacher in the department. And as you say here, it was an offer I couldn't refuse. The only duty a union secretary has in our country is, to collect union dues and call a yearly meeting of all members. Every teacher is required to be a member. Therefore, the post of a union secretary is considered by all as a boring addition to one's regular work. And this position is given to those who cannot refuse. As you can see by name, our trade organization is practically the same as that here in the United States. The structure is the same, and so are the goals, to protect the interests of its members. And yet your trade unions have nothing in common with those in Yugoslavia. Here the unions have real power and are independent organizations, Whereas in Yugoslavia, as in other one-party countries, they're simply a boring and empty formality. This is so, because the United States is a democratic country and Yugoslavia is a one-party dictatorship. And any dictatorship, be of the right or left, even the most liberal one makes any public organization or institution meaningless just as any number, no matter how large multiplied by zero equals zero. Having spent 40 days in jail, I was released and found myself without work and not being allowed to publish in my own country. Having no choice, I began to write for the Western press. Next year in the summer of 1966, a small group of my friends, Yugoslav intellectuals, attempted to start an independent periodical with a social democratic direction. This publication would have been legal and and in compliance with Yugoslav law. In June of that year, there was a purge of the Yugoslav secret police. The long time chief of the secret police was replaced. Thousands of member of secret police were dismissed. It seemed that the wave of liberalism was underway. There was some hope that the authorities would start respecting their own laws. According to Yugoslav law, it takes five citizens to exercise the right to publish a newspaper or periodical. The only limitations are, they cannot be anti-socialist, they cannot preach hate among races and nations, and they cannot advocate war. And so, a few dozens of my friends from the three largest cities in Yugoslavia decided to meet. Among us, were young assistant professors, writers, architects and artists. The only thing that united us was a strong belief in the freedom of the press. By that time my name was fairly well known. A year before, the book version of \"Moscow Summer\" created a great start in the press and as I have already pointed out, it brought me for the first time to prison. By writing articles for the Western press, I was able to get publicity and support for our attempts to start the first independent periodical in a Communist country. Our project wasn't readily understood, neither was it simple. Our calculations and hopes were not by any means based on Yugoslav law, Avalon. To anyone living in a Communist country, it is common knowledge that laws in a one-party system are meaningless and serves only propaganda purposes. Our main target was to gain the support of world public opinion, to which all Communist dictatorships, especially Yugoslavia, are sensitive. The founder's meeting was scheduled for August 10th, 1966, in Zadar. A number of journalists from the West showed up for the meeting. Yet, despite the wave of liberalism, the prospect of an emerging free press was not a joking matter for Yugoslavia. 10 days before the meeting, the Yugoslav press began a well orchestrated slander campaign against us. Even president Tito gave a harsh and threatening speech. In his words, some people think that just because an end was put to the unlawful acts of the Yugoslav security forces, it means that they can now do what they please. I duly registered the founders meeting of the periodical with the authorities on August 8th, two days before the meeting. After that I was arrested. A successor took my place as organizer and registered the meeting. The following day, he too was arrested and was in turn replaced. The third person to take over was not arrested, but the secret police prevented many of the founders from arriving at the meeting on time. As a result, on August 10th, 1966, in a program like atmosphere of arrest, the small city was literally in a state of siege. Only some 10 people showed up in Zadar, or attempted to have the periodical registered according to the law. Because of the attention of the world press, they were not at that time arrested. But three months later, the Yugoslav authority realized that the only way to stop attempts to establish an independent press was to take drastic measures. And so, the authorities proceeded with openly violating their own laws. Some 10 founders of the periodical, they were accused of the attempt to establish a subversive underground organization. Since we had done everything quite openly and with much publicity, the acquisition was so absurd that the authorities had no choice, but to drop charges and release the founders after two to three months of imprisonment. Of course, they lost their jobs. I was the only one left to stand trial. This was because I was the main organizer and instigator. However, I was not formally tried for founding the periodical, but having had a few articles of mine published in the Western press. For this crime, I was given a sentence of three and a half years. In such a way, ended our unsuccessful attempt to start a legal and independent periodical in the most liberal Communist country in the world. The thing is, the faulty assumption that the human one-party communist system is possible, is far more dangerous than the existence of prisons and concentration camps. And so, even though we did not succeed in founding an independent magazine in Yugoslavia in 1966, nor did others in the following years, the benefit from our attempt remains great. I was arrested the third time in 1974 for having published four articles in the New York Times, and was sentenced to seven years of prison. But in conjunction with the Helsinki follow up conference that was held in Belgrade, I was amnestied and released in November of 1977 after having served three years and two months. What has recently come to me as the most unpleasant surprise here in the United States, was the fact that in the official United States congressional reports on human rights in the Communist countries of Europe, Yugoslavia was not even mentioned. Thus, uninformed people get the impression that in Yugoslavia the problem of Human rights does not exist. But even worse than that, people may come to the conclusion that respect for human rights is possible in a non-democratic one-party county. And the difference between Yugoslavia and other Communist country is only in the amount of pleasure of non-freedom, but in essence the non-freedom remains the same. It is the same one and all-knowing party. The same monopoly of Marxist ideology in our spiritual lives. The same , the same character of the permanent leader. The same shifts between periods of liberalization and the oppression. The same political trials in court, plus the only decisive force is that of the almighty Yugoslav KGB, UDB. The same political prisoners who do not have the status of political prisoners. It is all the same as in the other Communist countries with one difference, the West often pretends not to notice what goes on in Yugoslavia. Everybody know that Yugoslavia is basically independent and sometimes even shows resistance to the Soviet Union. Because of this, some think much can be, and is forgiven at. This is what is paradoxical. Yugoslavia is, one, only Communist country in the world whose citizens cannot find out or hear about the conditions in their own country, even from the West. It is true that unlike all the Communist countries, one can freely buy Western newspapers and magazines. But these issues, those issues which have any analysis or criticism of Yugoslavia are censored. In the West, there are up to 1 million Yugoslav workers, but if, upon there return to Yugoslavia they dare to bring copies of Yugoslav papers, they are sentenced automatically to three or five years in prison. For a quarter of a century, Radio Free Europe has not broadcast to the Yugoslavia. Other stations such as the Voice of America avoid even any surface description of Yugoslavia's internal conditions. As a result, Yugoslavia is set, not only by national separate it's tendencies, but it is also the only Communist country with an underground communist party, which competes with the party in power. Whenever the democratic West, out of a desire to be tactful ends up supporting the power of a dictatorship in any country, in the longer run it is the totalitarian countries that win. Yugoslavia is a country which in a concentrated short period of time and professing Anti-Stalinist slogans, once they were all of the stages of development of a communist society. So the Stalinism of false collectivization, which by the way started in 1949, after the break with Stalin. The horrible concentration camps, about which it is still dangerous to speak out in the open and the period of liberalization of the economy, a kind of an EP. The importance of this most liberal Communist country for Eastern and the Western Europe is very great. Yugoslavia has moved further along in its historical progress than any other Eastern European country, including the Soviet Union, which often follows in the path which was already traveled by Yugoslavia. The future and fate of Yugoslavia predetermine the future and fate of the other Eastern European Communist countries. Yugoslavia is the first Communist country which has come to the crossroads, from which it can either return to totalitarianism of a Soviet or Chinese type, or it may move along and as yet, and toward and pass tower pluralistic and democratic socialism. But in order to overcome any totalitarian system, you must first provide answers to those problems which help create a four mentioned systems. We have not even solved in theory, on the spiritual and ideological sphere, the cause or treatment of this disease and the solution is impossible through political struggle alone. Permit me to mention a few important problems. For example, freedom of economic and scientific development. It is easy to defend free competition when one is dealing with houses or cars. However, when the demands of public transportation increase and a subway has to be built, then it is obvious that free competition is ended, since one is not going to dig up two or three parallel subways. However, in a sense, our whole planet has now become or is becoming one single subway, in which honestly speaking, the United States rides first-class. How to come by combines the continuing technical progress and centralization with the freedom of individual creativity in the economy, is a problem that is far from being solved even in theory. Or take the problem of nationalism, for instance. How does one find an ideological and spiritual base for the creation of a supernational movement without it being totalitarian? When it is obvious that nationalism cannot withstand international communist totalitarianism. Well, let as look at the relationship between science and religion. Today, even the people most devoted to the church have come to realize that the religious language is completely outdated and incomprehensible. But the very basic thing is that I don't believe that the political struggle today in this world is the one which is decisive. However, it is often unavoidable. The true struggle today is in spiritual and ideological sphere rather than in a political one. That is why I do not believe that all the problems of today's world can be solved by victory over communism. It is crucial that there be a new global consciousness or to use some of a different terminology, a spiritual and religious rebirths. It is not a theoretical or ideological matter. There is no need for an all embracing theory giving precepts of all of what to do. Either one has to be able again to feel in oneself that internal compass, which every minute of life shows the only right direction for action. To have faith in it and to follow it's directions despite any deadly threats. About this in \"Doctor Zhivago\", the whole tragedy started from the fact that we cease to believe our own opinion. No political moment, no carefully elaborated social system. No science or technology can bring sense to all of earth and conquer chaos at the present time. It can be achieved only by the true spiritual or religious and suffered through in one's own experience. It appears necessary to travel to the end of the lot of oppression and evil actively believing in it or passively submitting to it. In order to exist, forever to believe in the power and invincibility of evil. And paradoxically, it can be said that without this endlessly long years of totalitarian dictatorship, tomorrow's freedom could not appear. And this freedom will of course have nothing in common with totalitarianism. The biggest question is whether it is possible to come to that true freedom, democratically legality, organic order, without going through the illness of totalitarianism. Well, the answer to that question depends the fate of the West. Maybe totalitarianism will speed up the cause of the illness and the recovery. And how does spiritual recovery occur? And how does the new previously unknown consciousness come into being in that other none Western world? I will now describe that to you. What happens within a person at that moment when suddenly turned out of an ordinary life, he is sassed under the jurisdiction of and powerful forces, which appear to have only one wish, his distraction. Is there any kind of defense or resistance possible? Everything a person had lived by, everything he possessed, that is free will. People who were close to him, work which he enjoyed, private property, his physical being, his life, none of these is he able to defend and all is in the hands of the forces of evil. And if a person attempts to resist in this fear of that by which, until this time he had lived and possessed, he's doomed to defeat from the very outset. The person himself is in no way capable to defending anything that the powerful external forces in whose grip he is now placed, wish to take away. However, in order for this struggle to be successful or even possible, one must renounce before hand everything that the physical forces can take away. And at that instant, when this occurs and the person becomes totally free, then in the experience of people who underwent this concentrated form of life, that is a maximum of non-freedom. The most mysterious aspect of the trial occurs some kind of all powerful force appears in the depths of their soul. This force not only gives mutilated body an incredible ability for resistance, but by some kind of utterly mystical needs, which our present day consciousness is unable to fully explain. Begins to influence the external world. Let us repeat again. To influence and determine events, which to our present day consciousness appear to be independent of men, yet are nevertheless . When the individual throws everything physical aside and decides to follow the internal voice, which in itself is faith, he suddenly sees and feels in himself quite empirically. His joy however and trepidation, this mysterious, but at the same time, real and powerful force, which acts both in his body and in the external world. And simultaneously with this comes the realization that he is not the owner of this force. That it is not his prerogative to direct it according to his own judgment, but on the contrary, that everything in life and life itself is completely dependent upon the spiritual and mysterious force in Greek mystical, which is mystic and in the language of a religion, it is called God. The realization that there is an indissoluble connection between the inner world of man is soul, not his consciousness. And the external world, and that the inner world completely determine the destiny and all the events in man's personal life. And the external world, that realization is a basic paradoxical , a section of the new spiritual experience. It is paradoxical because from a superficial view, the destiny of an individual was determined totally by the mighty totalitarian pleasure of the external world. But those who have lived through and survived since the experience of totalitarian society constantly insist that the paradoxical even a mystical law is an obvious fact. For many people, as a religious or spiritual Renaissance, is a puzzling and incomprehensible phenomenon because of the spirit of our scientific technical ear. It is also paradoxical that the language of the new religious consciousness with which, \"Planetary Consciousness\" has almost nothing to do with language used up to this date by all churches and the religious moments. But the very word religious, means link in Latin. The links of the inner world of men is the outside world, the whole cosmos, and most of all with the creator. This is why when people claim that there is a definite link between the inner world of man, his faith, his hope and his love, and the actual destiny of each man. What they are talking about is the religious consciousness. Although the language they use to grasp the existence of that link, is a language of science laws. Of course, that link is nothing in common with that mechanical influence of the inner world of men on the events of his life and influence claimed by the psycho-analyst, not only by , but also young. On the contrary, the new consciousness directly rejects every mechanical link and exists only on the dependency in explicable to us, but nevertheless fully real on the whole outside world, and the world within us. These dependency manifests itself, not only in the personal life of an individual, but also in life itself and in history. For the contemporary man who is convinced that he is just a blade of grass, totally under the power of physical, biological, psychic, social, and other laws, the basic claims of the new consciousness are of course, completely incomprehensible. As it might seem to him as nonsensical, as a claim today, the earth does not revolve around the sun, but vice versa. was right and wrong. Thus for many people, the coming spiritual or religious Renaissance felt will be unacceptable, but it's acceptance does not depend on . The awareness of the other world's dependency of the inner world burst imperiously into the human spirit despite one's wish and establish scientific and non-scientific opinions. It comes only through personal experience, and most often by suffering which destroys all our convictions that something else in the world is to blame for our destiny, social system, nature, disease, accidents, and et cetera. However, this religious rebirth has meaning and importance for all mankind, owing to the industrial technological culture that has already become planetary. That culture is based on the dogma that the laws governing the cosmos do not depend on our inner world, let alone on our patience, hopes and desires. That dogma further maintains the world nature and the cosmos are not connected with us and that we can therefore exploit the other word, object, to the maximum degree. Of course, the exportation depends wholly on our reasons size and technology. All of which recognize the laws of the external world. It is assumed that neither does the external world, nor man could escape the power of this laws. When men start looking at the world as an object and not as a living entity linked in some mysterious way with his soul, then all his fellow men gradually become objects, so that man comes finally to feel completely alone. He finds himself in total loneliness in the cosmos object. Yet the suffering brought about by the his loneliness clears the way for the religious rebirth, which in turn makes the world again a living entity. Man starts to realize that he's fully responsible for the destiny of that living entity and thus his soul leaves it's solitary confinement. The new awareness is not easy to come to. The human spirit has been far too long polluted with false ideas and theories about the absolute power of human reason and science. It is too early to talk about unavoidable conclusions to which the new planetary consciousness will lead. This conclusions would undoubtedly terribly frighten the people who have not yet reached the boundaries where the dogma about the world objects starts to crumble. But the time for that will come too, thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43690/file/116785#t=0.0,2652.072"}]}]}]}