{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/804xg9ft0f/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Kenney, A., Urban Forestry"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Urban Forestry. Iowa State University Lecture Series (RS 8/6/53). Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["There are no restrictions on access. (access)","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. 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last","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=31.828,34.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of our series for this semester, for department seminars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=34.82,39.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we are very fortunate to have someone","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=40.7,44.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with us today from Canada.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=44.0,45.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He drove all the way from Ontario,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=45.94,48.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"started yesterday afternoon, arrived late last night.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=48.2,51.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And still is up and ready to present","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=51.39,54.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a topic that he's been working on for the last","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=55.32,58.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Five or six years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=60.157,60.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Five, six years of his life,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=60.99,62.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he's very much eager to share with us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=62.07,65.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his experiences today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=65.08,66.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have Doctor Andrew Kenney, Professor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=66.94,69.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Assistant Professor at the University of Toronto.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=69.93,74.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he is also working on top of his,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=74.11,76.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"work is also with the State of Ontario,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=78.27,80.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Province of Ontario.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=80.94,82.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=82.98,83.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he's the coordinator of the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=83.813,86.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Southern Ontario Woodlands Project","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=86.22,88.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the Federation of Ontario Naturalists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=88.89,91.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He also has his own private firm, consulting firm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=93.29,97.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"WA Kenney and also dealing with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=97.1,99.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"urban community forestry projects.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=99.48,102.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So without much ado, I give you Dr. Kenney from Ontario.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=103.17,107.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Thanks very much, Adelle.\nThank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=107.73,109.353"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First of all, thanks very much for the invitation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=110.37,112.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Really appreciate the chance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=112.49,113.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as the lead up says, to come down","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=113.92,115.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and share some of these ideas with you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=115.55,117.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I hope I'm gonna get some input.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=117.16,119.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Be critical, and make some suggestions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=119.47,121.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on some of these issues that I'm talking about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=121.79,123.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I should mention that this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=123.97,125.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Federation of Ontario Naturalists, and I don't know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=125.89,128.599"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's probably safe to say that in this group,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=128.599,130.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but my daughter, who's 19,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=130.83,134.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"her boyfriend asked her what her dad did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=134.03,137.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And said, \"Well he works at U of T.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=137.91,140.837"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"He also works with the Federation of Ontario naturalists.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=140.837,143.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And somehow, he's French Canadian","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=143.47,146.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he wasn't quite familiar with the English term.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=146.33,148.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And somehow, he figures that I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=148.92,150.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"run around in the woods with no clothes on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=150.2,152.424"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(group 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are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=155.37,157.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but, so don't be confused by that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=157.53,160.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what I wanted to do today 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ecosystems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=170.0,173.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what I wanted to do is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=173.1,174.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"open up maybe a little bit of a discussion on this idea","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=175.92,178.421"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of moving beyond an arboricultural","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=178.421,181.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"perspective of urban forestry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=181.36,183.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And to do that, I wanted to introduce you a little bit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=183.45,186.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first of all, to urban forestry issues in Canada.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=186.74,191.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again, just a bit of a flavor of that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=191.14,193.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to kind of set the stage for where we're coming from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=193.91,197.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with some of these concerns,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=197.98,199.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the idea of moving this issue ahead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=199.25,202.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, I come up,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=202.18,205.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I put up this definition,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=205.2,207.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or this objective of urban forest management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=207.34,209.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This might in itself might","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=209.7,211.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"generate some discussion a little later on,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=211.37,213.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I think this sort of 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benefits,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=219.71,222.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whatever these benefits may be, from the urban forest,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=222.63,225.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by maintaining a healthy, diverse urban forest canopy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=225.64,230.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And also not just the trees, but the shrubs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=230.49,233.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so work we're doing with Dave Nowak","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=233.63,236.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the USDA Forest Service in Iowa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=236.29,239.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're finding that the shrub layer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=239.22,240.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is an important component of this urban forest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=240.91,243.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think that's something that's often 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on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=279.533,281.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a survey that we did a couple of years ago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=281.67,284.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then to look at some of the 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that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=287.95,289.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm sure you're all very familiar with these benefits,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=289.32,292.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and could probably tell me a lot 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management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=313.98,316.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think it has a certain","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=316.13,317.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"educational appeal to it as 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I've","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=321.91,322.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"spoken to over the last few months,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=322.88,324.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it gets them thinking about the urban forest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=324.79,325.897"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a little bit of a different way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=325.897,328.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we'll introduce you to that, and then very quickly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=328.25,330.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"discuss maybe some of the things that I see","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=330.41,334.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we need to move the yard sticks ahead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=334.17,337.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, what's the situation of urban forestry in Canada?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=337.37,340.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, 78% of Canadians live in urban environments,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=340.27,344.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"probably very similar to the U.S., I'm sure it is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=344.28,348.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What is an urban area?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=348.88,350.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I've used the definition that Census Canada uses,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=350.27,353.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just as an urban area in their census divisions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=353.13,358.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are defined as any populated areas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=358.49,361.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with more than a thousand people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=361.37,363.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a population density of 400 people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=363.4,366.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"per square kilometer or greater, of course.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=366.01,368.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so when I put this into the GIS,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=368.67,372.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I just get little dots around the countryside.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=372.47,375.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, the urban forest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=375.07,376.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doesn't stop at the town line.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=376.2,378.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I live in the city of Guelph, just West of Toronto.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=378.83,382.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's got an agricultural university,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=382.97,384.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you may have heard of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=384.6,386.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But my back property line is also the town line.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=386.17,388.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I am in the city,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=388.77,390.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a meter the other side of the fence is rural.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=390.73,394.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It doesn't make sense, does it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=394.04,395.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Obviously, the urban environment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=395.98,397.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has a broader influence than that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=397.69,400.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what do we use for that zone of influence?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=400.71,403.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=403.74,404.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I just picked 10 kilometers out of the air","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=404.573,407.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and said, well, let's put a 10 kilometer buffer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=407.28,410.211"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on these fragments that you can see across the country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=410.211,414.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and say, that's the urban environment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=414.2,417.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, when we get up into Northern Ontario","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=417.23,420.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or Northern Saskatchewan,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=420.1,421.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some of those small communities there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=421.49,423.367"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you go 10 kilometers beyond the town limits from that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=423.367,426.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you're right in the middle of the bush.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=426.87,428.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You go five kilometers, you're in the middle of the bush.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=428.92,432.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So up there at 10 kilometers is probably far too generous.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=432.51,437.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, Southern Ontario, down in that big massive blob","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=437.94,442.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"down here in the lower right-hand corner where I live,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=442.42,446.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"10 kilometers is probably very conservative.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=446.33,448.552"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The influence of those cities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=448.552,450.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reaches probably far beyond that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=450.5,452.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So bear with me on the 10 kilometers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=452.33,454.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's just the idea to try to give some sort of visual impact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=454.35,458.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the extent of urban forestry in the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=458.76,462.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, this is something that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=462.16,463.477"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have to sell to my colleagues","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=463.477,466.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in conventional forestry in Canada as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=466.4,468.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They may be foresters, but they don't necessarily,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=469.97,472.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that doesn't mean that they have a good understanding","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=472.42,475.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of what urban forestry is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=475.07,476.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, sometimes they're, and I say this as a forester,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=476.96,480.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sometimes they're not prepared to see that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=480.18,482.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as something broader than just trees in pots","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=482.06,485.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"along the main streets of Toronto.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=485.1,486.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So let's look at Canada a little bit more closely","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=486.89,489.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with this definition in mind.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=489.06,490.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Move out to the West Coast,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=490.93,492.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we're gonna quickly take a flight east.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=492.26,494.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we see these little patches here and there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=494.58,496.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with this 10 kilometer 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on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=501.44,505.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then these little patches of communities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=505.39,507.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"across the southern part of British 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distributed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=514.52,518.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"dispersed areas around these communities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=518.31,521.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But when you get into Southern Ontario,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=521.75,523.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which I have argued for the longest time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=523.92,526.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is all urban 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approach,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=530.86,533.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it ends up looking like most of Southern Ontario","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=533.63,536.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really is urban forest, from that 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see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=541.38,543.207"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I would challenge you a find those on the ground","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=543.207,545.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and say, this is remarkably different than 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area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=550.35,551.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the point is, that this is a fairly large area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=551.86,556.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think it'd be interesting to do the same","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=556.31,558.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with maps of the Eastern U.S. and so on,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=558.67,561.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to see how really far that influence goes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=561.7,564.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then can't forget our friends","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=565.62,567.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the East in the Atlantic,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=567.3,569.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so again, you get this dispersed area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=569.92,572.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So anyway, we've got a fairly broad 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surveys,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=578.75,580.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"repeated the same questions, basically asked twice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=580.97,584.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Once in '96, and once in '99.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=584.36,587.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in both of those cases, we asked the municipal foresters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=587.8,590.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to think back, or go back through the records","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=590.88,593.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the previous three years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=593.12,594.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this survey that we 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something.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=600.96,603.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not gonna force you to listen to all of the results","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=603.54,607.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this today, but just a few points to raise 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rate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=613.67,616.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which probably isn't too bad for a mail-in survey,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=616.58,619.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it turns out that that 15% really 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municipalities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=624.23,626.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a fairly large proportion of the population,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=626.52,629.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"simply because we were getting most of the responses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=629.34,632.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the fairly large communities, I guess you could say.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=632.19,635.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the points that I,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=635.44,636.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some of the issues that I wanted to raise here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=636.7,639.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really to set the stage for this issue of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=639.67,642.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"urban forest and ecosystem management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=642.91,646.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we asked, \"Do you have a street tree inventory?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=646.38,649.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have to emphasize, this is, these are municipal forests.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=649.47,653.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're not really talking about urban forest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=653.48,655.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because urban forests, from my mind,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=655.27,657.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have to incorporate all of the vegetation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=657.97,660.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of all of the area in the municipality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=660.35,662.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, that's only about maybe 10% to 20%","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=662.56,667.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is under the jurisdiction of the public municipality itself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=667.28,670.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this is really a small proportion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=670.04,672.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, as you'll see, in most cases,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=672.08,676.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is the only level of broader management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=676.24,679.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in many cases, there is not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=679.84,681.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a heck of a lot of management going on there either.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=681.43,684.059"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we asked, \"Do you have a street tree inventory?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=684.059,686.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And by the way, these four pie charts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=686.92,688.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"represent communities 5,000 to 10,010,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=688.89,692.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"10 to 50, 50 to a hundred,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=692.123,693.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and greater than a hundred thousand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=693.263,695.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you probably can't see it up there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=695.92,697.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the yes response is yellow,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=697.73,700.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so focusing on the yellow on these pie charts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=700.38,702.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what we see is, in these smaller communities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=702.88,705.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"only about a third of them have an inventory,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=705.85,708.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have any idea of what their resource is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=708.65,711.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And when we looked at the larger communities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=711.75,714.395"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's a little bit more encouraging in that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=714.395,716.787"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and over here it's quite interesting that it looks like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=716.787,719.268"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the 50 to a hundred K have more,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=719.268,722.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have inventories than the larger communities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=722.59,725.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's a bit of an artifact of the data,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=725.2,729.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because there were more respondents here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=729.09,730.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were fairly few municipalities that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=730.99,733.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm afraid can't remember exactly how many responded here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=733.58,736.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but that's part of what we're seeing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=736.63,738.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it looks a little bit more encouraging there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=738.67,741.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, we delved a little bit further.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=741.21,744.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think you'll all agree that an inventory isn't,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=744.97,749.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all inventories aren't created equal, as I said here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=749.05,752.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you've got your inventory in a stack of computer cards","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=752.2,755.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or paper sheets at, okay,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=755.76,758.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how important is that as a planning and management tool?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=758.19,762.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=762.25,763.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we thought, we'll ask you then, if you have,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=763.083,766.191"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or ask those same community,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=766.191,768.457"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Is your inventory on a computer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=768.457,771.647"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Is it computerized?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=771.647,773.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, as we'd expect,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=773.23,774.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the numbers dropped down considerably.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=774.58,777.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that we're seeing that even in the larger communities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=777.01,780.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"only a little bit more or 50% of the largest communities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=780.17,785.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or two-thirds of this middle group have inventories.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=785.14,789.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so that should raise a flag right there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=789.75,792.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you don't know what the resource is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=792.81,794.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how do you manage it in any way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=794.45,796.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"much less at the ecosystem level.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=796.31,798.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, so keep that in mind,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=798.76,800.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's a bit of a challenge that we face right there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=800.15,803.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, if you've got an inventory,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=803.7,805.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's computerized,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=805.83,807.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's just sitting in your computer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=807.05,808.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's still not doing you any good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=808.69,810.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So do you have a strategic urban forest plan?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=810.25,813.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was the question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=813.72,814.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Do you have a strategic urban forest plan?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=814.553,817.017"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we intentionally left it very vague,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=817.017,819.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just left it at that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=819.58,820.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Didn't try to describe at all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=820.47,822.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what we meant by a strategic urban forest plan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=822.46,825.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is the response we got.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=825.33,826.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So again, in those small communities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=826.76,829.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about a quarter of them said they have a plan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=829.28,832.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And only about half of the larger communities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=832.16,834.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have a plan for this resource that they're responsible for.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=834.62,837.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So why did I emphasize the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=837.79,839.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I didn't define the strategic urban forest plan?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=839.78,843.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, we went to these folks after they responded, yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=843.04,846.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"phoned them up and said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=846.39,847.729"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"We're really encouraged to see this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=847.729,849.797"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"And you mentioned that you've got","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=849.797,851.347"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"a strategic urban forest plan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=851.347,853.367"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Would you possibly send us a copy of your plan?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=853.367,856.627"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Because it'd be really great for educational purposes.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=856.627,859.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it was really interesting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=859.56,860.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the number of people that said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=860.47,861.897"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Well, we've got a plan,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=861.897,863.847"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"It's just that we really haven't","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=863.847,865.237"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"gotten around to writing it down yet.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=865.237,867.677"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"But rest assured, we have a plan.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=867.677,869.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Others said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=869.57,870.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Yeah, we've got a plan and it'll be in the mail tomorrow.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=870.403,872.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then most cases, in virtually all cases,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=872.93,876.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"those were what I would consider to be arboricultural plans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=876.25,879.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were pruning plans,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=880.015,881.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they may have been planting plans, and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=881.46,884.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do I mean by strategic urban forest plan?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=884.06,887.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm looking at something that has","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=887.9,889.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a lifespan of 20 to 25 years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=890.67,894.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with nested five-year plans, perhaps,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=894.29,898.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and annual operating plans nested in those,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=898.0,900.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a clear objective,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=900.7,902.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"definition of areas of concern","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=902.42,904.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the urban forest as a whole.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=904.47,907.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You could even get into issues of public education,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=907.44,910.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"safety, species diversity, all those, that sort of thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=910.44,914.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But at least something that takes you further than","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=914.76,918.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a pruning plan, or some method of reactionary approach","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=918.68,923.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to storm damage and that sort of thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=924.11,926.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We don't really have any good examples of that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=926.44,929.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Canadian municipalities that I've been able to find","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=929.31,932.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"digging through these over the last number of years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=932.46,934.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that should be something that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=934.61,936.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or that is something that is a concern.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=936.9,938.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's really driving a lot of the work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=938.93,941.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we're doing in our research,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=941.18,942.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and our extension, and working with communities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=942.52,946.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to try to move this process along,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=946.53,949.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that we can work towards the idea","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=949.63,954.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of managing from an ecosystem basis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=954.15,958.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, I mentioned maximizing benefits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=958.74,961.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in order to have those plans, to have that strategy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=961.29,965.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be looking at the community,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=965.32,966.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the urban forest as an ecosystem,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=966.77,969.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to try to maximize those benefits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=969.63,972.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, what are some of these?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=972.06,973.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as I said, I'm not going to try to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=973.58,976.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"belabor all of these, or go into them in great detail,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=977.27,979.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm sure you're very familiar with them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=979.71,981.155"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But there's a point I want to make","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=981.155,982.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in addressing at least the first three in this list.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=982.23,986.195"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this list, I'm sure you're all aware of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=986.195,988.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's probably in every brochure that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=988.26,990.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"every municipal tree planting organization distributes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=990.84,995.027"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're in the flyers that go with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=995.027,997.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the hydro company bills and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=997.87,1000.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they're very common.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1000.21,1001.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we're only starting to get","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1001.39,1003.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a handle on quantifying some of these.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1003.39,1006.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I think they've got something in common","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1006.44,1008.507"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is interesting, and helps us to look at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1008.507,1012.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the urban forest as an ecosystem,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1012.13,1014.451"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and guides us along the road in that level of management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1014.451,1018.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So let's look at at least the first three of these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1018.47,1021.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to try and get this point across.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1021.73,1023.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So improved air quality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1023.87,1025.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, this is a very timely issue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1025.69,1028.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one of the mechanisms that's at play here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1028.26,1032.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the absorption of gaseous pollutants through the stomata,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1032.67,1036.728"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and absorption into the moisture within the leaf tissue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1036.728,1041.728"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The point I'm trying to make,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1043.56,1044.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the reason I'm raising this here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1044.91,1046.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the importance of the leaf area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1046.81,1049.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The functioning organ, if you will, of the urban forest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1049.36,1052.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"becomes the leaf, and the leaf surface area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1052.62,1055.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's going to be the recurring theme here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1055.7,1058.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if I can say that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1058.75,1059.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the absorption of these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1059.96,1061.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gaseous pollutants into the leaves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1061.11,1063.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And some of the work that Dave Nowak","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1063.57,1065.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has done in Chicago and other places now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1065.81,1067.737"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we're just completing running that same model,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1067.737,1071.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the UFORE model, for the city of Toronto.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1071.16,1073.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The data is, we're just finishing crunching those numbers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1073.5,1077.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the report should be out soon,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1077.17,1078.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then I can put our numbers up here instead of Chicago's.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1078.61,1081.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A couple of points here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1082.446,1083.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we look at the absorption of gaseous pollutants","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1083.61,1088.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the forest of Chicago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1088.04,1090.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we see that individual trees don't really absorb very much","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1092.2,1095.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on a tree by tree basis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1095.83,1097.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'm sure there's people in here that have had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1097.52,1100.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"phone calls, particularly new calls with somebody,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1100.89,1103.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"saying, \"My neighbor was to cut down a big tree,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1103.9,1106.277"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I want to stop it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1106.277,1107.937"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Tell me how much this tree is contributing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1107.937,1110.737"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"towards improved environment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1110.737,1112.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and that way I can take it to the city.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1112.783,1115.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you know, if you say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1115.1,1115.967"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Well, it's taken three grams of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1115.967,1118.657"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"sulfur dioxide out of the air last year,\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1118.657,1122.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's not going to sell very well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1122.04,1123.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the first point is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1123.58,1124.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"individual trees don't do a heck of a lot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1124.7,1127.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The other point is, very obviously and not surprisingly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1127.85,1132.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"big trees take a lot more out than small trees.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1132.14,1135.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sounds trivial, but it's important.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1135.5,1137.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, so those two points.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1137.58,1139.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The next point for this discussion is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1140.11,1141.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when we start looking at the forest,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1141.88,1143.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the urban forest of Chicago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1143.7,1146.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not surprisingly, now our numbers of going from a few grams","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1146.01,1149.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up to metric tons per year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1149.58,1151.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the issue again is, if we're starting to look at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1152.11,1155.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the urban forest as an ecosystem,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1155.86,1157.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's a bit easier to sell this as an approach,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1157.39,1161.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the benefit in terms of air 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it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1167.74,1169.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it might convince them a little bit more.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1169.0,1171.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Take home messages:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1171.61,1173.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"individual trees don't contribute much,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1173.48,1175.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"big trees contribute much more,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1175.63,1177.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the urban forest as an ecosystem","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1177.49,1179.608"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"plays a very substantial 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production","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1186.01,1188.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of these pollutants by the city of Chicago.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1188.62,1191.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then you start looking at these numbers again,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1191.67,1193.307"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they become insignificant again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1193.307,1195.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But there is a role, it is a 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alone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1201.7,1203.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1203.85,1204.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Microclimate amelioration associated with that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1204.74,1207.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again, you know all these numbers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1207.81,1209.955"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Urban forest centers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1209.955,1211.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"three to five degrees centigrade warmer, and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1211.33,1214.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It dampening out some of those fluctuations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1214.5,1217.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the diurnal fluctuations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1217.79,1220.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the fact that again, the urban forest 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effect.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1227.1,1229.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, come back to the issues of that canopy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1229.75,1232.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the leaf cover, the leaf area density","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1232.42,1234.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I'll get into a little bit later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1234.87,1237.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So how does this happen?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1237.01,1238.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, partly through shading.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1238.37,1240.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again, do the leaves play a role 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level","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1245.86,1249.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the components of that urban forest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1249.35,1251.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in playing this role in terms of shade.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1251.83,1254.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And evapotranspirational cooling,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1254.52,1256.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sort of the reverse of the thing that we were talking 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surface","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1260.41,1263.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and through the stomata.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1263.24,1264.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again, the leaves play a major role 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want,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1269.25,1270.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the point isn't to go into these all in detail,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1270.75,1273.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but looking at the urban forest as a canopy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1273.86,1276.409"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as an entity unto itself is the point here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1276.409,1279.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Oops, sorry about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1279.34,1281.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And just this idea of aesthetics and property value.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1282.0,1285.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again, if we were to compare the property 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bottom","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1291.25,1294.776"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the community at the top,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1294.776,1297.192"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think you could see that the canopy cover,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1297.192,1300.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"leaf area density, and those issues","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1300.67,1302.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"play a role in governing some of these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1302.54,1306.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"economic aspects of the urban forest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1306.42,1308.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1308.63,1309.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Looking at those three to try and drive this idea home","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1310.75,1313.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that one of the measures that we could look at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1313.73,1316.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of the urban forest as an ecosystem,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1316.27,1318.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is canopy cover, or I would argue even more appropriately,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1318.99,1323.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"leaf area density.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1324.73,1326.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'd like to go into that a little bit further,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1326.59,1331.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and just sort of saying that these benefits","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1331.47,1333.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are all related to the leaf area density","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1333.36,1336.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the urban forest, and therefore,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1336.76,1338.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to maximize those benefits, we should be looking at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1338.68,1341.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maximizing the leaf area density.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1341.68,1343.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not necessarily just the number of trees on the street,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1343.85,1347.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without considering other aspects,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1347.52,1349.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which tends to be often what","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1349.61,1352.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"municipal foresters are forced to do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1352.38,1354.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Simply looking at numbers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1354.68,1356.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and dealing with the built structure as they have it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1356.34,1361.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and trying to work with that entity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1361.003,1364.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and trying to maximize the benefits","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1364.18,1366.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as best they can within those constraints.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1366.21,1368.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I said, canopy cover is the usual measure that we use.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1369.61,1372.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's good for many ways, it's intuitive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1372.86,1377.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We can look down at an aerial photograph","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1377.1,1379.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and get a feeling for 50% canopy cover,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1379.24,1382.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"20% canopy cover, a hundred percent canopy cover.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1382.4,1385.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, it's also very inexpensive to estimate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1385.14,1388.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All you need is the area photograph and a dot grid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1388.64,1391.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a little bit of training.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1391.18,1392.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Takes you five minutes to learn how to do it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1392.73,1394.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that's appealing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1394.57,1396.179"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Unfortunately, it's two dimensional, obviously.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1396.179,1399.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not really looking at that canopy in three dimensions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1399.28,1402.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And related with that, it has no bearing on tree size.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1402.7,1406.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again, you're only looking at the canopy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1406.95,1409.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a single entity of two dimensions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1409.7,1412.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you're not dealing with the depth of the crowns","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1412.52,1415.631"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the individual trees.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1415.631,1417.515"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It doesn't account for species variation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1417.515,1420.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we could argue that, well, if you're looking at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1420.51,1422.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an areal photograph, you might be able to tell","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1422.65,1424.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the difference between a Norway maple and a crab apple","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1424.35,1428.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the aerial photograph.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1428.2,1429.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's not the point.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1429.29,1430.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When you're calculating canopy cover,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1430.21,1433.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you're just really, is it tree cover,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1433.17,1435.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or is it grass, or is it hard surface, or roof top.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1435.41,1438.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it doesn't really deal with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1438.5,1440.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"those variations between species.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1440.21,1443.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again, think of a Norway maple canopy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1443.57,1446.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or Norway maple crown, and a honeylocust crown.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1446.37,1449.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Are they the same?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1449.82,1450.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1450.89,1451.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, it's important that we incorporate that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1451.723,1454.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, it does account for tree condition,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1454.29,1456.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is an important thing from the ground level,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1456.81,1459.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"managing that resource.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1459.54,1461.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it has some benefits, but it has some drawbacks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1461.97,1465.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I've mentioned leaf area density","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1465.0,1467.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a possible alternative, and it's not,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1467.27,1470.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it doesn't answer all the problems,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1470.63,1472.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I think it's another way of looking at this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1472.22,1474.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that provides some certain advantages.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1474.98,1477.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So leaf area density is just","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1477.3,1479.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the sum of the surface area of all the leaves","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1479.16,1481.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"growing in a particular unit of land.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1481.1,1484.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It could be a community,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1484.52,1487.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it could be a block within a community,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1487.07,1488.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or simply in a building lot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1488.88,1491.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or, per hectare.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1491.07,1492.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you're expressing it on an area basis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1492.66,1494.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not leaf area index, which would be expressed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1494.9,1497.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the projection, the crown projection,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1497.54,1500.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that in certainly areas, it's a little bit different.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1500.24,1502.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The best way to picture that is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1502.35,1503.471"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a big maple sitting in the middle of a field.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1503.471,1506.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the leaf area density of that is fairly well defined,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1506.6,1509.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the crown projection is finite, in essence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1509.57,1514.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if we make the field smaller and smaller and smaller,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1514.78,1517.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"moving the fences in,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1517.62,1518.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the leaf area density continues to go up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1518.67,1520.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it means that way we can look at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1520.47,1522.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"different issues around different land use types and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1522.99,1525.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's a little bit different than leaf area density.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1525.95,1528.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're looking at two definitions of that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1528.71,1531.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or two divisions of that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1531.29,1532.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The existing leaf area density, or what's on the ground now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1532.82,1536.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the existing forest, and potential leaf area density.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1536.41,1540.387"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we'll get into that in a little bit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1540.387,1543.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, a little bit more of this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1543.0,1545.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this is Dave Nowak's equation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1545.01,1546.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or at least the equation developed by that group","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1546.96,1549.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to estimate leaf area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1549.83,1552.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this derived from there to define leaf area density.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1553.31,1558.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's simply a regression equation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1558.68,1561.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"determined from a number of measurements,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1561.6,1564.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"crown characteristic measurements,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1564.95,1566.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then they actually take sections out of the crown,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1566.94,1569.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and remove the leaves and measure the leaf area,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1569.68,1572.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and do a regression analysis on 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cover,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1577.27,1579.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that in this case, we've got the H,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1579.97,1582.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is the crown height.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1582.36,1583.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So now we're looking at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1583.65,1584.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the urban forest in three dimensions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1584.82,1588.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We've got the crown diameter,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1588.61,1590.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is what we would normally see,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1590.5,1592.478"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or an aspect of that we would see from the canopy cover.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1592.478,1596.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But we've also got shading 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species,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1601.731,1605.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to account for that difference between","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1605.26,1607.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the dense canopy of the Norway maple,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1607.47,1610.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the very light crown of the honey locust,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1610.07,1612.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and things in 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condition,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1624.86,1628.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or a condition factor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1628.96,1630.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it means that we can then take that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1630.66,1632.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"theoretical leaf area,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1632.84,1635.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as calculated from the regression equation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1635.77,1639.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and reduce it for the condition of the crown.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1639.35,1641.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So if it's been hot, or it's had a lot of defoliation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1641.67,1645.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for one reason or another, we can adjust for that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1645.6,1647.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we're looking at tree condition now as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1647.86,1650.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then we simply sum that all up and express it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1650.69,1653.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over the area of land that we're dealing with,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1653.44,1655.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the lot or the hectare or whatever.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1655.36,1657.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"From that regression, a number of points come up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1658.32,1662.087"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is probably to my mind,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1662.087,1663.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the most important issue that I'm dealing with here today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1663.99,1667.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the fact that the leaf area of a particular tree","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1667.01,1670.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will increase exponentially with the size of the tree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1670.67,1674.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, it's not linear, obviously.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1674.22,1678.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm really overstating it here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1678.4,1680.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if you're starting to look at these issues of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1680.31,1683.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do we want a number of trees, or do we want","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1683.21,1686.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"carefully chosen healthy trees","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1686.78,1688.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that have the potential to become very large,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1688.54,1691.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which as an urban forester,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1691.77,1693.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is more appealing to me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1693.46,1694.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than just sticking trees in the ground.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1694.91,1696.839"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A number of points come home then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1696.839,1699.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What are we doing in our planning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1699.06,1700.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and managing of the urban forest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1700.8,1702.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that prevent us from moving out along this axis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1702.95,1706.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the right-hand side, where we're going to be maximizing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1706.93,1710.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the canopy volume, the leaf area,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1710.11,1712.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and thereby maximizing those benefits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1712.61,1715.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what factors are keeping us off to the left","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1715.33,1718.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the bottom axis, and minimizing our opportunity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1718.91,1722.782"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to reach that potential.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1722.782,1725.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So let's talk about some of those issues,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1725.03,1726.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and again, in terms of urban forest planning and management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1726.78,1730.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what are some of the determinants of leaf area density?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1730.26,1733.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What factors on the ground determine leaf area density?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1733.49,1737.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, the number of trees.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1737.07,1738.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Surprise, surprise, that makes a lot of sense.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1738.54,1740.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that deals with the issue of sticking trees","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1740.86,1742.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the ground, and appeasing the politicians who","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1742.99,1746.396"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"see tree planting as being","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1746.396,1748.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the only thing that happens in urban forestry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1748.57,1750.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And let's not worry about maintaining","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1750.61,1752.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the trees that are on the ground right now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1752.62,1754.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sorry if I'm cynical, but it makes for a great photo op,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1754.28,1757.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it doesn't deal with some of the other issues.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1757.48,1759.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tree species is important.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1759.6,1761.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we're comparing crab apples to white oaks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1762.56,1766.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which ones are going to have the potential to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1766.41,1769.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"move the forest out along the right,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1769.72,1771.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the right of that axis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1771.88,1773.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tree age.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1773.61,1774.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You've got a white oak, that's that big DBH,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1774.61,1778.555"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you've got a crab apple the same size.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1778.555,1782.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Obviously there's gonna be some differences there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1782.3,1784.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it's not as dramatic as the difference when that large,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1784.22,1788.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or that tree that has the large genetic potential","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1789.6,1792.286"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reaches that genetic potential,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1792.286,1794.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and tree condition, okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1794.98,1796.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And let's bring up this diagram again","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1796.99,1799.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and think of particularly the two things in the 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forest,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1806.54,1807.397"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and everything else that goes on in that urban forest,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1807.397,1811.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to prevent us from moving out to the right","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1811.7,1813.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and maximizing that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1813.91,1815.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When we're widening roads, and reducing the leaf,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1815.97,1819.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the potential growing space or the available growing space.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1819.12,1822.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When we're putting that trench down the boulevard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1822.89,1825.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to put in yet another utility.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1825.61,1828.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we do that every 20 years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1828.75,1830.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and cut half the root system off every tree in 20 years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1830.53,1833.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Those trees, be they white oaks or crab apples,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1833.78,1836.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are moving out along here, and boom, they get trenched.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1836.58,1840.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they moved 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there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1844.5,1846.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you're going to kill all these trees.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1846.54,1848.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The argument might be, well, you 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is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1853.39,1856.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"quite minimal in terms of putting in this utility.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1856.26,1859.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so we just pull those trees out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1859.72,1861.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or let them die, and then replace them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1861.32,1863.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's okay, as long as you're 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here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1868.84,1870.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you've got to come at things entirely differently.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1870.86,1873.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And fortunately, the technology is coming around now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1873.37,1875.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we can look at that sort of thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1875.46,1877.667"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These issues again, relate back to available growing 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at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1885.297,1887.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the urban forest as an ecosystem,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1887.733,1890.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the need to bring urban forest planning to the 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perspective,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1896.95,1901.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I think that's at least the trajectory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1901.36,1904.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we have to be working along.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1904.47,1906.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To try to get us to the stage where urban forest planning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1906.0,1908.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has a place at the table,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1908.75,1910.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the urban forest has a place at the planning table,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1910.79,1913.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you will.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1913.76,1914.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So let's look at some of these issues briefly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1914.64,1917.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And not surprisingly, land use type","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1917.12,1920.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has a crucial impact on it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1920.16,1922.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We get into this high density area,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1922.24,1924.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"high density residential area down here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1924.53,1926.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's not a lot of growing space","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1926.72,1928.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in that particular part of the city for any trees.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1928.54,1932.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is where you're lucky if you can get","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1932.26,1934.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a tree to grow in a pot for five or 10 years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1934.36,1937.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But as we move out into the residential zones,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1937.21,1939.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we can see that simply, there's more growing space","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1939.3,1943.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there to support more trees.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1943.52,1945.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now interestingly enough,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1945.28,1946.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when we look at the city of Toronto,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1946.26,1948.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the medium density and low density residential","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1948.78,1951.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"represent about half the city.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1951.61,1953.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there is an opportunity there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1953.49,1955.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to expand some of that urban forest canopy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1955.44,1960.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've done this a bit with various groups,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1963.15,1965.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's really quite interesting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1965.82,1966.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To start off say, without even putting this picture up,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1966.86,1970.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"visualize a tree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1970.04,1971.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I started out with some students in the class,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1971.32,1973.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I actually passed papers out and said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1973.473,1974.957"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Draw me a picture of a tree.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1974.957,1976.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What I wanted to do upfront was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1976.76,1979.353"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to see if they understood the proportions of a tree,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1979.353,1983.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that a tree can be as wide as it is tall.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1983.71,1987.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anyway, I did that, and this was a class of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1987.55,1990.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"foresters and landscape architects.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1990.4,1992.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of about 40 students that came back,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1992.14,1995.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they, all about three had something really interesting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1995.09,1999.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that interesting note was that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=1999.08,2002.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all but three didn't have roots.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2002.24,2005.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you'd be surprised how many people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2005.08,2007.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"engineers, foresters, landscape architects,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2007.88,2010.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anybody you want, they visualize from the ground up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2010.51,2013.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now my arborist friends tell me that 80%,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2013.9,2017.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something in the order of 80% of tree problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2017.69,2020.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really originate from the ground line down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2020.34,2023.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so that's another challenge for us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2023.52,2025.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be looking at the urban forest ecosystem","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2025.79,2028.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the ground ground line down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2029.05,2031.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's too easy to just forget about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2031.54,2033.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When you look at a drawing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2033.92,2035.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I know you won't be able to see the details here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2035.19,2037.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it gives you some idea of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2037.07,2039.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the competition for growing space","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2039.49,2042.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that boulevard trees in particular are faced with.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2042.7,2045.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All these utilities below ground","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2045.94,2048.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"competing for space with the root system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2048.21,2050.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And remember, these utilities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2050.57,2052.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't go in the ground and stay there for a hundred years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2052.56,2055.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They've got to be upgraded, problems come up,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2055.33,2057.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there's damage to root systems as things go along.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2057.89,2062.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Couple of other points on this diagram,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2062.24,2063.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you notice that the trees that are here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2063.79,2065.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't have any roots?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2065.09,2066.786"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're just conveniently propped up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2066.786,2069.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the type of pavement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2069.11,2070.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there's another thing I really regret","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2070.56,2072.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"having cut this off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2072.58,2073.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was from a drawing, a spec from the town of Oakville.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2073.413,2078.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can say that down here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2079.03,2079.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can't say Oakville when I show this slide back home,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2079.97,2082.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because then the foresters from Oakville","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2082.893,2084.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will be all over me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2084.55,2085.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the part that I cut off, I noticed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2085.4,2088.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it didn't have anything to do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2088.5,2090.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with what I wanted to show.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2090.86,2091.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the spec said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2091.95,2093.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"The contractor will provide","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2094.177,2097.127"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"80 millimeters of topsoil in the Boulevard.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2097.127,2101.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"80 millimeters, that was the spec, folks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2101.993,2104.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's enough maybe to keep some turf going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2104.21,2107.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as, when I pointed this out to an arborist friend,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2107.08,2111.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he says, \"Yeah, and that's the spec.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2111.37,2112.787"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"If you think you're gonna get what the spec is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2112.787,2114.877"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"you've got another thing coming too.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2114.877,2116.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you might not even get the 80 millimeters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2116.37,2118.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the point being again, that the tree root system,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2118.61,2122.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in spite of all of the,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2122.23,2123.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there are as well as all this competition below ground,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2123.43,2126.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doesn't really get a lot of attention","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2126.6,2128.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of the planning phase.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2128.5,2130.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To be able to establish and support itself,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2130.17,2133.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to move out along that bottom axis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2133.67,2136.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we were talking about earlier.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2136.36,2138.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So maximizing the leaf area just in one place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2138.22,2143.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doesn't really make sense either.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2144.35,2145.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We've also got to look at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2145.73,2146.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how that's distributed across the community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2146.73,2149.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I usually get myself into trouble with this one as well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2149.27,2152.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's a point I try to make, so we'll go with this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2152.94,2155.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you've all seen this quote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2155.52,2157.767"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Well, one large tree can evaporate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2157.767,2159.387"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"as much water as five room-sized air conditioners","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2159.387,2161.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"operating 24 hours a day,\" or something like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2161.987,2164.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And evidently if you do the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2164.35,2165.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back of the envelope calculations, that's true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2165.46,2167.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The implication is that this one large tree","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2167.94,2172.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has the same cooling effect","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2172.1,2173.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as five room-sized air conditioners.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2173.66,2175.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What they usually don't say is, how you get","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2175.82,2178.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the tree into the house in order to do that cooling.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2178.32,2181.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so of course, that tree is trying to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2181.94,2186.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cool an infinite volume of air","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2186.73,2189.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as it's sitting out there in my front yard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2189.36,2192.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, if I had five room-sized air conditioners","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2192.05,2194.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sitting in the front yard,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2194.64,2195.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know whether that would noticeably cool","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2195.65,2199.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my local environment or not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2199.74,2203.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The point I'm trying to illustrate is that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2203.053,2205.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if everybody had five room-sized air conditioners","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2205.17,2207.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on their front yard, maybe the community would be cooler.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2207.87,2211.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know, but you know what I'm trying to get at.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2211.45,2213.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That if we had, if we look at that individual tree","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2213.77,2217.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sitting on the individual front yard,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2217.12,2219.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's nice, that's important.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2219.41,2221.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But we also have to look at how","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2221.08,2223.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the trees within the community","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2223.13,2225.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"influence the environment as per","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2225.55,2228.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"five room-sized air conditioners.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2228.44,2230.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I had a student point out that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2230.68,2232.157"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"none of this would do any cooling anyway,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2232.157,2234.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the air conditioner is just circulating the air.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2234.19,2236.138"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e There's a law of physics that applies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2236.138,2237.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e There is, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2237.57,2238.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there's always one student in the class","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2238.64,2240.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's prepared to point that out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2240.98,2242.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you're trying to make another point.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2242.12,2243.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anyway, this, you can't see it, but that's a park, okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2243.74,2248.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's really dark, but do you see this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2250.1,2251.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nice little park in this community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2251.46,2254.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Closed canopy, nice deep crowns, old mature trees.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2254.26,2258.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's obviously playing a really important part","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2258.71,2261.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the environment by any definition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2261.6,2266.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for this particular community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2266.21,2268.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's really important there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2268.21,2270.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if we look at where that's situated,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2270.28,2273.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of distributing this leaf area density,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2273.31,2276.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we just scan out, and you have to say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2276.66,2279.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"okay, it's important to the community,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2279.61,2281.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but how far does that importance travel?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2281.87,2285.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I'm prepared to stick my neck out and say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2285.18,2287.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it probably doesn't travel very much","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2287.56,2289.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"beyond the center line of the road around it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2289.98,2292.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These folks over here in these gentrified row houses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2292.3,2295.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/860","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are looking out on a forest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2295.54,2297.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/861","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're not aware of all of this stuff around them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2297.89,2300.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/862","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in terms of having an impact on air quality","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2300.5,2303.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/863","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or energy conservation, even property value","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2303.77,2306.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the exception of those few homes there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2306.46,2308.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's probably not doing very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2308.513,2310.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/866","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again, my point is, how do we distribute that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2310.61,2313.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"open space across the community is crucial,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2314.89,2317.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/868","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and looking at the urban forest as an ecosystem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2317.58,2320.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/869","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, potential leaf area density.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2321.08,2322.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/870","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've sort of left that, the idea of leaf area density","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2322.75,2325.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/871","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the existing leaf area density.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2325.7,2327.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now what about this idea of looking at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2327.74,2329.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"potential leaf area density?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2329.62,2331.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, what is it, first of all?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2331.07,2333.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's just the carrying capacity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2333.43,2335.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/876","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the leaf area that could be carried","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2335.36,2339.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/877","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by a particular unit of land,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2339.94,2341.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/878","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether it's a community,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2341.86,2343.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/879","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a neighborhood, or an individual lot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2344.98,2347.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's the potential for that piece of property in the city","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2347.05,2351.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to carry leaf area, as was defined before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2351.74,2354.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/882","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why would we use it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2356.1,2356.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/883","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well first of all, it's a measure, as I said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2356.99,2358.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/884","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of carry capacity potential.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2358.52,2360.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/885","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The ability of that land to carry urban forest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2360.27,2363.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It also incorporates vegetation characteristics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2363.1,2366.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/887","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like the number of trees,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2366.86,2368.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/888","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the species, the age, and condition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2368.43,2370.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/889","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Remember how we calculated that in that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2370.31,2372.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/890","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"equation of Dave Nowak's.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2372.87,2374.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/891","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're doing the same sort of thing but,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2374.64,2376.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/892","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'll show you in a minute how we estimated that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2376.24,2379.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/893","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's incorporating more than simply canopy cover does.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2379.09,2383.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/894","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it also incorporates","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2383.44,2385.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/895","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"certain characteristics of the built environment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2386.34,2388.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/896","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'll show you what I mean by that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2388.53,2390.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/897","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when I describe how we estimate it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2390.84,2393.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/898","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well first of all, let's go through this quickly here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2393.28,2396.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/899","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We stratified the city by land use type,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2396.22,2398.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/900","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just so that we're looking at,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2398.64,2400.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/901","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're comparing Granny Smiths and McIntoshes at least.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2400.43,2404.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/902","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where we established 400 circular square,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2404.92,2407.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/903","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"400 square meter circular plots.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2407.89,2409.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/904","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this was done in conjunction with the work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2409.65,2412.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/905","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we're doing with Dave Nowak.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2412.17,2413.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/906","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I'm not saying that this is the ideal plot size","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2413.63,2417.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/907","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for our purposes, we're still working through this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2417.21,2419.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/908","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it was an opportunity to try this process out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2419.68,2423.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/909","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We transit surveyed everything in those 400 square meters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2423.06,2427.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/910","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Every sidewalk edge, every flower bed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2427.25,2430.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/911","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"every building, every tree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2430.29,2432.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/912","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we defined all of those things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2432.1,2434.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/913","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a transit survey, as accurately as we possibly could.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2434.6,2437.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/914","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Digitized, put it in the GIS system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2437.93,2440.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/915","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The GIS, not the GIS system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2440.94,2443.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/916","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And once we had it in there, we then applied some buffers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2443.73,2447.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/917","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and determined plantable space.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2447.78,2449.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/918","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where could we put trees in there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2449.52,2451.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/919","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"given certain restrictions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2451.5,2453.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/920","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Once we did that, we planted some prototype trees,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2453.85,2457.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/921","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"again, using the GIS,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2457.63,2459.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/922","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and tried to maximize the leaf area","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2459.44,2463.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/923","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we could squeeze into these particular areas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2463.56,2466.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/924","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then, because we knew the leaf area","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2466.8,2470.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/925","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of those prototype trees, we could calculate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2470.46,2473.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/926","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the potential leaf area density of each plot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2473.6,2476.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/927","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So let's look at some of these on the ground.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2476.68,2478.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/928","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So here's one plot that we actually surveyed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2478.24,2481.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/929","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is what it looked like.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2481.0,2483.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/930","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's pull the trees out and get a closer look.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2483.05,2485.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/931","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what we've got there, the blue is building,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2485.79,2489.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/932","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let's see if I can remember what these are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2489.56,2491.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/933","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are buildings, sidewalk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2491.84,2494.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/934","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is patio stone, I believe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2495.84,2498.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/935","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I believe this is, I can't remember.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2498.48,2502.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/936","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's another type of hard surface.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2502.07,2503.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/937","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can't remember what colors are used in here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2503.45,2506.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/938","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the point being, these are basically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2506.23,2508.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/939","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all hard surfaces out here, with the green being","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2508.55,2512.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/940","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a soft surface, as defined by that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2512.23,2515.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/941","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you can see, we actually surveyed beyond our,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2515.13,2519.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/942","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the perimeters of our 400 square meters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2520.25,2522.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/943","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because if you've got a street sign,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2522.32,2524.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/944","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or a road intersection here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2524.73,2526.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/945","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it may be outside your plot,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2526.92,2528.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/946","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's area of influence comes in to the plot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2528.23,2530.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/947","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we had to go beyond that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2530.77,2532.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/948","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there's the soft surface.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2532.7,2534.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/949","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is what we might think of initially","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2534.71,2536.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/950","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as being what's available for planting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2536.68,2539.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/951","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in reality, when we add buffers to that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2539.44,2542.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/952","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we went to the various municipalities in our area","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2542.19,2544.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/953","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and said, \"What sort of a buffer do you have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2544.72,2547.424"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/954","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"for tree planting next to buildings,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2547.424,2549.497"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/955","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"next to sidewalks, next to utilities, and so on.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2549.497,2552.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/956","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we applied those various buffers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2552.98,2554.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/957","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to all these features we'd surveyed out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2554.86,2557.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/958","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And our soft surface, then, is dramatically reduced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2557.42,2561.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/959","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"down to what we have here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2561.63,2563.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/960","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's really what's available for planting,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2563.33,2565.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/961","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"given these various buffers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2565.85,2568.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/962","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then we took our trees, our prototype trees,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2568.4,2572.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/963","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and planted them using the GIS.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2572.21,2574.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/964","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We put in the big trees, the largest trees first of all,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2574.02,2577.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/965","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"20 meters tall and I can't remember","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2577.31,2579.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/966","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the particular characteristics of those,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2579.76,2582.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/967","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but we planted the large trees first,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2582.25,2584.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/968","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because we want to maximize that leaf area density.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2584.6,2587.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/969","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We could have just stuck small trees in all over the place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2587.83,2591.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/970","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That wouldn't have maximized.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2591.0,2592.247"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/971","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When we couldn't get any more big trees in,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2592.247,2595.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/972","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then we put the medium-sized trees in.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2595.13,2596.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/973","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When we ran out of room for medium-sized trees,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2596.8,2599.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/974","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we filled in what was left over","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2599.27,2600.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/975","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with our small prototype trees.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2600.98,2603.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/976","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then for each of those plots,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2603.5,2604.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/977","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we just tallied up the number of each size class,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2604.6,2607.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/978","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"calculated the leaf area density,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2607.82,2609.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/979","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and used that as an estimate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2609.96,2611.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/980","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of our potential leaf area density.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2611.94,2613.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/981","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is the first time we've tried to do this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2615.62,2617.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/982","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this is what we've got for the city of Toronto.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2617.93,2619.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/983","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have some questions about it yet, we're refining it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2619.96,2622.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/984","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I think there's some interesting things that come out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2622.42,2625.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/985","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is, the potential leaf area density is the burgundy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2625.3,2629.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/986","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the existing leaf area density is the blue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2629.06,2633.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/987","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as you can see, in a lot of cases, in most cases,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2633.41,2638.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/988","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we've got more potential than we have existing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2638.16,2641.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/989","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is what we would expect to see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2641.32,2643.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/990","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We see a lot of variation in some of them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2643.34,2646.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/991","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again, this is plots that are pooled to be quite,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2646.06,2650.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/992","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and particularly in some of these areas, for example,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2650.37,2652.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/993","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"special purpose, that's the exhibition grounds in Toronto","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2652.59,2656.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/994","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a few other areas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2656.81,2657.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/995","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's a sort of an anomalous land use type,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2657.643,2660.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/996","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but we were stuck with it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2660.7,2661.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/997","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So a huge variation there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2661.68,2663.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/998","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what's more interesting again, remember,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2663.69,2665.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/999","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this represents about half the area of the city of Toronto.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2665.57,2669.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1000","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we're seeing that the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2669.19,2670.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1001","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"potential leaf area density declines","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2670.08,2672.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1002","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as we go from a residential low to residential high,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2672.67,2677.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1003","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we're seeing consistently more potential than existing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2677.11,2681.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1004","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"although over here, it's not statistically significant,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2681.94,2685.695"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1005","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it is just statistically significant there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2685.695,2689.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1006","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's what we would expect to see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2689.86,2692.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1007","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's kind of an interesting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2692.04,2694.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1008","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bit of additional information that we can look at.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2696.55,2699.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1009","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'll talk about what we can","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2699.02,2701.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1010","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do with that information in a minute.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2701.41,2703.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1011","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But first of all, I've alluded to this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2703.38,2705.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1012","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"problem that we came up with,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2705.86,2707.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1013","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where we have situations where we have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2707.27,2709.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1014","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"more existing than we have potential.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2709.44,2711.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1015","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So those sites are super saturated,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2711.86,2714.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1016","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you wanted to say that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2714.36,2715.979"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1017","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what the heck is going on here?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2715.979,2720.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1018","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, we brainstormed this a little bit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2720.12,2721.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1019","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think we came up with a few possibilities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2721.61,2723.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1020","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And some of them are just problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2723.81,2725.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1021","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the process that we applied.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2725.62,2727.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1022","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First of all, the prototype tree size","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2727.61,2729.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1023","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"may have been conservative.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2729.87,2731.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1024","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Our largest tree wasn't as big as the biggest tree","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2731.58,2735.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1025","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you're going to see in the city of Toronto.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2735.9,2738.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1026","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That doesn't bother me because those big trees","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2738.82,2742.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1027","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were planted, or were established a hundred years ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2742.49,2746.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1028","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in an entirely different growing environment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2746.06,2749.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1029","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can we get a tree under the current building","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2749.2,2753.982"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1030","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and environment that they're expected to grow in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2753.982,2757.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1031","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to reach that potential?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2757.66,2758.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1032","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2758.95,2759.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1033","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's an entirely different way of building,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2759.783,2762.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1034","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's an entirely different environment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2762.22,2764.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1035","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I'm happy with our more conservative estimate of those,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2764.08,2769.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1036","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the size of those prototype trees.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2771.71,2774.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1037","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Prototype trees were all hardwoods.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2774.04,2776.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1038","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we didn't, although we were incorporating","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2776.07,2778.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1039","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and addressing the conifers in the existing leaf area,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2778.99,2783.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1040","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our prototype trees were really reflecting conifers only.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2783.39,2787.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1041","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we may have underestimated there a little bit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2787.37,2790.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1042","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And tree placement was conservative.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2790.18,2791.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1043","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We didn't tend, we didn't have crowns overlapping.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2791.9,2795.031"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1044","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The way we set them up is, the drip lines were the buffer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2795.031,2798.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1045","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course that's not reality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2798.78,2800.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1046","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think we've got to, we've got to deal with that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2800.91,2802.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1047","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we've got to look at that again and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2802.92,2805.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1048","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"see what sort of adjustments we can make","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2806.12,2808.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1049","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make that a little bit more realistic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2808.39,2810.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1050","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In open areas, of course, we had vertical structure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=2810.58,2813.713"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28505/annotation/1051","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/505/original/AV204789_Urban_Forestry_a.vtt?1622671692","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/505/original/AV204789_Urban_Forestry_a.vtt?1622671692"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28506","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204789_Urban_Forestry_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438/transcript/28506/annotation/1052","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- If we can move a little closer.\r\n\r\n- Well, good afternoon. This is going to be the last of our series for this semester, for department seminars. And we are very fortunate to have someone with us today from Canada. He drove all the way from Ontario, started yesterday afternoon, arrived late last night. And still is up and ready to present a topic that he's been working on for the last\r\n\r\n- Five or six years.\r\n\r\n- Five, six years of his life, and he's very much eager to share with us his experiences today. We have Doctor Andrew Kenney, Professor, Assistant Professor at the University of Toronto. And he is also working on top of his, work is also with the State of Ontario, the Province of Ontario. And I think that he's the coordinator of the Southern Ontario Woodlands Project at the Federation of Ontario Naturalists. He also has his own private firm, consulting firm. WA Kenney and also dealing with urban community forestry projects. So without much ado, I give you Dr. Kenney from Ontario.\r\n\r\n- Thanks very much, Adelle.\r\n\r\n- Thank you. First of all, thanks very much for the invitation. Really appreciate the chance. And as the lead up says, to come down and share some of these ideas with you. So I hope I'm gonna get some input. Be critical, and make some suggestions on some of these issues that I'm talking about. And I should mention that this Federation of Ontario Naturalists, and I don't know, it's probably safe to say that in this group, but my daughter, who's 19, her boyfriend asked her what her dad did. And said, \"Well he works at U of T. \"He also works with the Federation of Ontario naturalists.\" And somehow, he's French Canadian and he wasn't quite familiar with the English term. And somehow, he figures that I run around in the woods with no clothes on. So it's naturalist, and I don't know what those other terms are, but, so don't be confused by that. So what I wanted to do today is, this title was probably really presumptuous. There isn't enough time, I guess, to deal with all the issues of the looking at urban forests as ecosystems. But what I wanted to do is, open up maybe a little bit of a discussion on this idea of moving beyond an arboricultural perspective of urban forestry. And to do that, I wanted to introduce you a little bit, first of all, to urban forestry issues in Canada. And again, just a bit of a flavor of that, to kind of set the stage for where we're coming from with some of these concerns, and the idea of moving this issue ahead. So, I come up, I put up this definition, or this objective of urban forest management. This might in itself might generate some discussion a little later on, but I think this sort of encapsulates the way I see urban forest management coming together. And the idea of maximizing benefits, whatever these benefits may be, from the urban forest, by maintaining a healthy, diverse urban forest canopy. And also not just the trees, but the shrubs. And so work we're doing with Dave Nowak from the USDA Forest Service in Iowa, we're finding that the shrub layer is an important component of this urban forest. And I think that's something that's often forgotten. So that is it an issue that has to be addressed to a certain degree. The idea of minimum risk has to be up there, because I don't know what the municipal foresters in Iowa concern themselves with, but certainly liability is a big issue with the folks that are managing the forests in Ontario across the country. So dealing with risk is an important side of that as well. So what I want to do is first of all, as I said, give you a bit of a perspective of Canadian urban forestry issues. Just few points, mainly based on a survey that we did a couple of years ago. Then to look at some of the benefits that we derive from the urban forest. Not to bore you with that, I'm sure you're all very familiar with these benefits, and could probably tell me a lot more about how the processes work, but I want to use that as a mechanism to get into this idea of looking at the urban forest from a bit of a different perspective. And then I want to suggest this idea of what we're referring to as potential leaf area density as another measure of urban forest structure to guide planning and management. And I think it has a certain educational appeal to it as well. And certainly running the idea to some of the folks that I've spoken to over the last few months, it gets them thinking about the urban forest in a little bit of a different way. So we'll introduce you to that, and then very quickly discuss maybe some of the things that I see that we need to move the yard sticks ahead. So, what's the situation of urban forestry in Canada? Well, 78% of Canadians live in urban environments, probably very similar to the U.S., I'm sure it is. What is an urban area? And I've used the definition that Census Canada uses, just as an urban area in their census divisions, are defined as any populated areas with more than a thousand people, and a population density of 400 people per square kilometer or greater, of course. And so when I put this into the GIS, I just get little dots around the countryside. And of course, the urban forest doesn't stop at the town line. I live in the city of Guelph, just West of Toronto. It's got an agricultural university, you may have heard of it. But my back property line is also the town line. So I am in the city, and a meter the other side of the fence is rural. It doesn't make sense, does it. Obviously, the urban environment has a broader influence than that. So what do we use for that zone of influence? I don't know. I just picked 10 kilometers out of the air and said, well, let's put a 10 kilometer buffer on these fragments that you can see across the country, and say, that's the urban environment. Now, when we get up into Northern Ontario or Northern Saskatchewan, some of those small communities there, and you go 10 kilometers beyond the town limits from that, you're right in the middle of the bush. You go five kilometers, you're in the middle of the bush. So up there at 10 kilometers is probably far too generous. However, Southern Ontario, down in that big massive blob down here in the lower right-hand corner where I live, 10 kilometers is probably very conservative. The influence of those cities reaches probably far beyond that. So bear with me on the 10 kilometers. It's just the idea to try to give some sort of visual impact of the extent of urban forestry in the country. And of course, this is something that I have to sell to my colleagues in conventional forestry in Canada as well. They may be foresters, but they don't necessarily, that doesn't mean that they have a good understanding of what urban forestry is. In fact, sometimes they're, and I say this as a forester, sometimes they're not prepared to see that as something broader than just trees in pots along the main streets of Toronto. So let's look at Canada a little bit more closely with this definition in mind. Move out to the West Coast, and we're gonna quickly take a flight east. So we see these little patches here and there, with this 10 kilometer buffer. The Lower Mainland, Vancouver, Victoria at the bottom end of Vancouver Island, and so on. And then these little patches of communities across the southern part of British Columbia. Into the prairie, Saskatchewan and Manitoba. Again, you see fairly distributed, dispersed areas around these communities. But when you get into Southern Ontario, which I have argued for the longest time is all urban forest, and sometimes I get a good discussion going that way. When I did this buffer approach, it ends up looking like most of Southern Ontario really is urban forest, from that definition. There's the little patches of green in there that you can see. And I would challenge you a find those on the ground and say, this is remarkably different than something two or three kilometers further along that's in that urban area. So the point is, that this is a fairly large area. And I think it'd be interesting to do the same with maps of the Eastern U.S. and so on, to see how really far that influence goes. And then can't forget our friends to the East in the Atlantic, so again, you get this dispersed area. So anyway, we've got a fairly broad distribution, but it's not an insignificant area. We've done a couple of surveys, repeated the same questions, basically asked twice. Once in '96, and once in '99. And in both of those cases, we asked the municipal foresters to think back, or go back through the records for the previous three years. So this survey that we conducted really covers the ground from '96 to '99. And we asked about 25 questions or something. I'm not gonna force you to listen to all of the results in this today, but just a few points to raise here. We looked at communities with 5,000 people or more, and we only had a 15% response rate, which probably isn't too bad for a mail-in survey, but it turns out that that 15% really covered most municipalities, fairly large proportion of municipalities, and a fairly large proportion of the population, simply because we were getting most of the responses from the fairly large communities, I guess you could say. So the points that I, some of the issues that I wanted to raise here, really to set the stage for this issue of urban forest and ecosystem management. So we asked, \"Do you have a street tree inventory?\" I have to emphasize, this is, these are municipal forests. We're not really talking about urban forest. Because urban forests, from my mind, have to incorporate all of the vegetation of all of the area in the municipality. And of course, that's only about maybe 10% to 20% is under the jurisdiction of the public municipality itself. So this is really a small proportion. However, as you'll see, in most cases, this is the only level of broader management. And in many cases, there is not a heck of a lot of management going on there either. So we asked, \"Do you have a street tree inventory?\" And by the way, these four pie charts represent communities 5,000 to 10,010, 10 to 50, 50 to a hundred, and greater than a hundred thousand. And you probably can't see it up there, but the yes response is yellow, so focusing on the yellow on these pie charts. So what we see is, in these smaller communities, only about a third of them have an inventory, have any idea of what their resource is. And when we looked at the larger communities, it's a little bit more encouraging in that, and over here it's quite interesting that it looks like the 50 to a hundred K have more, have inventories than the larger communities. That's a bit of an artifact of the data, because there were more respondents here. There were fairly few municipalities that, I'm afraid can't remember exactly how many responded here, but that's part of what we're seeing. So it looks a little bit more encouraging there. However, we delved a little bit further. And I think you'll all agree that an inventory isn't, all inventories aren't created equal, as I said here. If you've got your inventory in a stack of computer cards or paper sheets at, okay, how important is that as a planning and management tool? I don't know. So we thought, we'll ask you then, if you have, or ask those same community, \"Is your inventory on a computer? \"Is it computerized?\" And of course, as we'd expect, the numbers dropped down considerably. So that we're seeing that even in the larger communities, only a little bit more or 50% of the largest communities, or two-thirds of this middle group have inventories. And so that should raise a flag right there. If you don't know what the resource is, how do you manage it in any way, much less at the ecosystem level. Okay, so keep that in mind, that's a bit of a challenge that we face right there. And of course, if you've got an inventory, and it's computerized, but it's just sitting in your computer, it's still not doing you any good. So do you have a strategic urban forest plan? That was the question. \"Do you have a strategic urban forest plan?\" And we intentionally left it very vague, just left it at that. Didn't try to describe at all what we meant by a strategic urban forest plan. This is the response we got. So again, in those small communities, about a quarter of them said they have a plan. And only about half of the larger communities have a plan for this resource that they're responsible for. So why did I emphasize the fact that I didn't define the strategic urban forest plan? Well, we went to these folks after they responded, yes, phoned them up and said, \"We're really encouraged to see this. \"And you mentioned that you've got \"a strategic urban forest plan. \"Would you possibly send us a copy of your plan? \"Because it'd be really great for educational purposes.\" And it was really interesting the number of people that said, \"Well, we've got a plan, \"It's just that we really haven't \"gotten around to writing it down yet. \"But rest assured, we have a plan.\" Others said, \"Yeah, we've got a plan and it'll be in the mail tomorrow.\" And then most cases, in virtually all cases, those were what I would consider to be arboricultural plans. They were pruning plans, they may have been planting plans, and so on. What do I mean by strategic urban forest plan? I'm looking at something that has a lifespan of 20 to 25 years with nested five-year plans, perhaps, and annual operating plans nested in those, with a clear objective, definition of areas of concern for the urban forest as a whole. You could even get into issues of public education, safety, species diversity, all those, that sort of thing. But at least something that takes you further than a pruning plan, or some method of reactionary approach to storm damage and that sort of thing. We don't really have any good examples of that in Canadian municipalities that I've been able to find digging through these over the last number of years. So that should be something that, or that is something that is a concern. And it's really driving a lot of the work that we're doing in our research, and our extension, and working with communities, to try to move this process along, so that we can work towards the idea of managing from an ecosystem basis. Okay, I mentioned maximizing benefits. And in order to have those plans, to have that strategy, to be looking at the community, or the urban forest as an ecosystem, to try to maximize those benefits. Well, what are some of these? And as I said, I'm not going to try to belabor all of these, or go into them in great detail, I'm sure you're very familiar with them. But there's a point I want to make in addressing at least the first three in this list. And this list, I'm sure you're all aware of. It's probably in every brochure that every municipal tree planting organization distributes. They're in the flyers that go with the hydro company bills and so on. So they're very common. And we're only starting to get a handle on quantifying some of these. But I think they've got something in common that is interesting, and helps us to look at the urban forest as an ecosystem, and guides us along the road in that level of management. So let's look at at least the first three of these to try and get this point across. So improved air quality. And of course, this is a very timely issue. And one of the mechanisms that's at play here is the absorption of gaseous pollutants through the stomata, and absorption into the moisture within the leaf tissue. The point I'm trying to make, or the reason I'm raising this here is the importance of the leaf area. The functioning organ, if you will, of the urban forest becomes the leaf, and the leaf surface area. And that's going to be the recurring theme here, if I can say that. So the absorption of these gaseous pollutants into the leaves. And some of the work that Dave Nowak has done in Chicago and other places now, and we're just completing running that same model, the UFORE model, for the city of Toronto. The data is, we're just finishing crunching those numbers, and the report should be out soon, then I can put our numbers up here instead of Chicago's. A couple of points here. If we look at the absorption of gaseous pollutants by the forest of Chicago, we see that individual trees don't really absorb very much on a tree by tree basis. And I'm sure there's people in here that have had phone calls, particularly new calls with somebody, saying, \"My neighbor was to cut down a big tree, \"I want to stop it. \"Tell me how much this tree is contributing \"towards improved environment, \"and that way I can take it to the city.\" And you know, if you say, \"Well, it's taken three grams of \"sulfur dioxide out of the air last year,\" it's not going to sell very well. So the first point is, individual trees don't do a heck of a lot. The other point is, very obviously and not surprisingly, big trees take a lot more out than small trees. Sounds trivial, but it's important. Okay, so those two points. The next point for this discussion is, when we start looking at the forest, the urban forest of Chicago, not surprisingly, now our numbers of going from a few grams up to metric tons per year. So the issue again is, if we're starting to look at the urban forest as an ecosystem, it's a bit easier to sell this as an approach, or the benefit in terms of air quality. And of course, if we can't sell people on that, we put a dollar value on it, it might convince them a little bit more. Take home messages: individual trees don't contribute much, big trees contribute much more, but the urban forest as an ecosystem plays a very substantial role. Another thing that Dave does that I like is he compares the production of these pollutants by the city of Chicago. And then you start looking at these numbers again, and they become insignificant again. But there is a role, it is a contribution. And I think we have to look at the whole suite of benefits, not just one issue alone. Okay. Microclimate amelioration associated with that. And again, you know all these numbers. Urban forest centers, three to five degrees centigrade warmer, and so on. It dampening out some of those fluctuations from the diurnal fluctuations. And the fact that again, the urban forest canopy plays this role in mitigating some of this urban heat island effect. And so, come back to the issues of that canopy and the leaf cover, the leaf area density as I'll get into a little bit later. So how does this happen? Well, partly through shading. And again, do the leaves play a role here? Yes, I'd argue that this again is the lowest level if we can, or the most basic level of the components of that urban forest in playing this role in terms of shade. And evapotranspirational cooling, sort of the reverse of the thing that we were talking about with the pollutants. So the evaporation from the leaf surface and through the stomata. And again, the leaves play a major role here. And the idea of wind reduction. And again, I don't want, the point isn't to go into these all in detail, but looking at the urban forest as a canopy, as an entity unto itself is the point here. Oops, sorry about that. And just this idea of aesthetics and property value. And again, if we were to compare the property value if everything else was the same, the property value in this community down on the bottom with the community at the top, I think you could see that the canopy cover, leaf area density, and those issues play a role in governing some of these economic aspects of the urban forest. So. Looking at those three to try and drive this idea home that one of the measures that we could look at in terms of the urban forest as an ecosystem, is canopy cover, or I would argue even more appropriately, leaf area density. And I'd like to go into that a little bit further, and just sort of saying that these benefits are all related to the leaf area density of the urban forest, and therefore, to maximize those benefits, we should be looking at maximizing the leaf area density. Not necessarily just the number of trees on the street, without considering other aspects, which tends to be often what municipal foresters are forced to do. Simply looking at numbers, and dealing with the built structure as they have it, and trying to work with that entity, and trying to maximize the benefits as best they can within those constraints. As I said, canopy cover is the usual measure that we use. And it's good for many ways, it's intuitive. We can look down at an aerial photograph and get a feeling for 50% canopy cover, 20% canopy cover, a hundred percent canopy cover. And of course, it's also very inexpensive to estimate. All you need is the area photograph and a dot grid, and a little bit of training. Takes you five minutes to learn how to do it, so that's appealing. Unfortunately, it's two dimensional, obviously. It's not really looking at that canopy in three dimensions. And related with that, it has no bearing on tree size. Again, you're only looking at the canopy as a single entity of two dimensions. So you're not dealing with the depth of the crowns of the individual trees. It doesn't account for species variation. And we could argue that, well, if you're looking at an areal photograph, you might be able to tell the difference between a Norway maple and a crab apple from the aerial photograph. That's not the point. When you're calculating canopy cover, you're just really, is it tree cover, or is it grass, or is it hard surface, or roof top. So it doesn't really deal with those variations between species. And again, think of a Norway maple canopy, or Norway maple crown, and a honeylocust crown. Are they the same? I don't think so. So, it's important that we incorporate that. And of course, it does account for tree condition, which is an important thing from the ground level, managing that resource. So it has some benefits, but it has some drawbacks. So I've mentioned leaf area density as a possible alternative, and it's not, it doesn't answer all the problems, but I think it's another way of looking at this that provides some certain advantages. So leaf area density is just the sum of the surface area of all the leaves growing in a particular unit of land. It could be a community, it could be a block within a community, or simply in a building lot. Or, per hectare. So you're expressing it on an area basis. It's not leaf area index, which would be expressed as the projection, the crown projection, so that in certainly areas, it's a little bit different. The best way to picture that is a big maple sitting in the middle of a field. And the leaf area density of that is fairly well defined, because the crown projection is finite, in essence. But if we make the field smaller and smaller and smaller, moving the fences in, the leaf area density continues to go up. So it means that way we can look at different issues around different land use types and so on. So it's a little bit different than leaf area density. We're looking at two definitions of that, or two divisions of that. The existing leaf area density, or what's on the ground now, the existing forest, and potential leaf area density. And we'll get into that in a little bit. So, a little bit more of this. So this is Dave Nowak's equation, or at least the equation developed by that group to estimate leaf area. And this derived from there to define leaf area density. And it's simply a regression equation determined from a number of measurements, crown characteristic measurements, and then they actually take sections out of the crown, and remove the leaves and measure the leaf area, and do a regression analysis on that. I put it up here really to highlight the full point, coming back to the difference with the canopy cover, that in this case, we've got the H, which is the crown height. So now we're looking at the urban forest in three dimensions. We've got the crown diameter, which is what we would normally see, or an aspect of that we would see from the canopy cover. But we've also got shading factor. And that really is, in essence, a factor that's brought in to differentiate between species, to account for that difference between the dense canopy of the Norway maple, and the very light crown of the honey locust, and things in between. So we've accounted for the three dimensions, and we've got a species factor in here. Now what we're doing is, with our issues on the ground, when we're collecting this inventory data, we're also incorporating a measure of canopy condition, or a condition factor. So it means that we can then take that theoretical leaf area, as calculated from the regression equation, and reduce it for the condition of the crown. So if it's been hot, or it's had a lot of defoliation for one reason or another, we can adjust for that. So we're looking at tree condition now as well. And then we simply sum that all up and express it over the area of land that we're dealing with, the lot or the hectare or whatever. From that regression, a number of points come up. And this is probably to my mind, the most important issue that I'm dealing with here today, is the fact that the leaf area of a particular tree will increase exponentially with the size of the tree. And so, it's not linear, obviously. I'm really overstating it here. But if you're starting to look at these issues of do we want a number of trees, or do we want carefully chosen healthy trees that have the potential to become very large, which as an urban forester, that is more appealing to me than just sticking trees in the ground. A number of points come home then. What are we doing in our planning and managing of the urban forest that prevent us from moving out along this axis to the right-hand side, where we're going to be maximizing the canopy volume, the leaf area, and thereby maximizing those benefits. And what factors are keeping us off to the left on the bottom axis, and minimizing our opportunity to reach that potential. So let's talk about some of those issues, and again, in terms of urban forest planning and management. So what are some of the determinants of leaf area density? What factors on the ground determine leaf area density? Well, the number of trees. Surprise, surprise, that makes a lot of sense. And that deals with the issue of sticking trees in the ground, and appeasing the politicians who see tree planting as being the only thing that happens in urban forestry. And let's not worry about maintaining the trees that are on the ground right now. Sorry if I'm cynical, but it makes for a great photo op, but it doesn't deal with some of the other issues. Tree species is important. If we're comparing crab apples to white oaks, which ones are going to have the potential to move the forest out along the right, to the right of that axis. Tree age. You've got a white oak, that's that big DBH, and you've got a crab apple the same size. Obviously there's gonna be some differences there. But it's not as dramatic as the difference when that large, or that tree that has the large genetic potential reaches that genetic potential, and tree condition, okay. And let's bring up this diagram again and think of particularly the two things in the middle. What could we do in our planning the urban forest, managing the urban forest, and everything else that goes on in that urban forest, to prevent us from moving out to the right and maximizing that. When we're widening roads, and reducing the leaf, the potential growing space or the available growing space. When we're putting that trench down the boulevard to put in yet another utility. And we do that every 20 years, and cut half the root system off every tree in 20 years. Those trees, be they white oaks or crab apples, are moving out along here, and boom, they get trenched. So they moved back. And then when we make an argument that you can't put that trench there, you're going to kill all these trees. The argument might be, well, you know, this is an expensive job we're doing here. And the cost of replacing those trees is quite minimal in terms of putting in this utility. And so we just pull those trees out, or let them die, and then replace them. And that's okay, as long as you're happy staying out on the left-hand side. But if your objective is to move out here, you've got to come at things entirely differently. And fortunately, the technology is coming around now that we can look at that sort of thing. These issues again, relate back to available growing space. And that again is another issue in terms of this idea of looking at the urban forest as an ecosystem, and the need to bring urban forest planning to the table when everything else planned in that municipality. And I know this is a very, maybe a naive perspective, but I think that's at least the trajectory that we have to be working along. To try to get us to the stage where urban forest planning has a place at the table, or the urban forest has a place at the planning table, if you will. So let's look at some of these issues briefly. And not surprisingly, land use type has a crucial impact on it. We get into this high density area, high density residential area down here, there's not a lot of growing space in that particular part of the city for any trees. This is where you're lucky if you can get a tree to grow in a pot for five or 10 years. But as we move out into the residential zones, we can see that simply, there's more growing space there to support more trees. Now interestingly enough, when we look at the city of Toronto, the medium density and low density residential represent about half the city. So there is an opportunity there to expand some of that urban forest canopy. I've done this a bit with various groups, and it's really quite interesting. To start off say, without even putting this picture up, visualize a tree. I started out with some students in the class, I actually passed papers out and said, \"Draw me a picture of a tree.\" What I wanted to do upfront was to see if they understood the proportions of a tree, that a tree can be as wide as it is tall. Anyway, I did that, and this was a class of foresters and landscape architects. And of about 40 students that came back, they, all about three had something really interesting. And that interesting note was that all but three didn't have roots. And you'd be surprised how many people, engineers, foresters, landscape architects, anybody you want, they visualize from the ground up. Now my arborist friends tell me that 80%, something in the order of 80% of tree problems really originate from the ground line down. And so that's another challenge for us to be looking at the urban forest ecosystem from the ground ground line down. And it's too easy to just forget about it. When you look at a drawing, and I know you won't be able to see the details here, but it gives you some idea of the competition for growing space that boulevard trees in particular are faced with. All these utilities below ground competing for space with the root system. And remember, these utilities don't go in the ground and stay there for a hundred years. They've got to be upgraded, problems come up, and there's damage to root systems as things go along. Couple of other points on this diagram, you notice that the trees that are here don't have any roots? They're just conveniently propped up on the type of pavement. And there's another thing I really regret having cut this off. This was from a drawing, a spec from the town of Oakville. I can say that down here. I can't say Oakville when I show this slide back home, because then the foresters from Oakville will be all over me. But the part that I cut off, I noticed, and it didn't have anything to do with what I wanted to show. But the spec said, \"The contractor will provide \"80 millimeters of topsoil in the Boulevard.\" 80 millimeters, that was the spec, folks. That's enough maybe to keep some turf going. And as, when I pointed this out to an arborist friend, he says, \"Yeah, and that's the spec. \"If you think you're gonna get what the spec is, \"you've got another thing coming too.\" So you might not even get the 80 millimeters. So the point being again, that the tree root system, in spite of all of the, there are as well as all this competition below ground, doesn't really get a lot of attention in terms of the planning phase. To be able to establish and support itself, to move out along that bottom axis that we were talking about earlier. So maximizing the leaf area just in one place doesn't really make sense either. We've also got to look at how that's distributed across the community. And I usually get myself into trouble with this one as well, but it's a point I try to make, so we'll go with this. And you've all seen this quote, \"Well, one large tree can evaporate \"as much water as five room-sized air conditioners \"operating 24 hours a day,\" or something like that. And evidently if you do the back of the envelope calculations, that's true. The implication is that this one large tree has the same cooling effect as five room-sized air conditioners. What they usually don't say is, how you get the tree into the house in order to do that cooling. And so of course, that tree is trying to cool an infinite volume of air as it's sitting out there in my front yard. Now, if I had five room-sized air conditioners sitting in the front yard, I don't know whether that would noticeably cool my local environment or not. The point I'm trying to illustrate is that if everybody had five room-sized air conditioners on their front yard, maybe the community would be cooler. I don't know, but you know what I'm trying to get at. That if we had, if we look at that individual tree sitting on the individual front yard, that's nice, that's important. But we also have to look at how all the trees within the community influence the environment as per five room-sized air conditioners. I had a student point out that none of this would do any cooling anyway, because the air conditioner is just circulating the air.\r\n\r\n- There's a law of physics that applies.\r\n\r\n- There is, yeah. And there's always one student in the class that's prepared to point that out when you're trying to make another point. Anyway, this, you can't see it, but that's a park, okay. It's really dark, but do you see this nice little park in this community. Closed canopy, nice deep crowns, old mature trees. It's obviously playing a really important part in the environment by any definition for this particular community. It's really important there. But if we look at where that's situated, in terms of distributing this leaf area density, we just scan out, and you have to say, okay, it's important to the community, but how far does that importance travel? Well, I'm prepared to stick my neck out and say, it probably doesn't travel very much beyond the center line of the road around it. These folks over here in these gentrified row houses are looking out on a forest. They're not aware of all of this stuff around them. But in terms of having an impact on air quality or energy conservation, even property value with the exception of those few homes there, it's probably not doing very much. Again, my point is, how do we distribute that open space across the community is crucial, and looking at the urban forest as an ecosystem. Okay, potential leaf area density. I've sort of left that, the idea of leaf area density and the existing leaf area density. Now what about this idea of looking at potential leaf area density? Well, what is it, first of all? It's just the carrying capacity, or the leaf area that could be carried by a particular unit of land, whether it's a community, a neighborhood, or an individual lot. So it's the potential for that piece of property in the city to carry leaf area, as was defined before. Why would we use it? Well first of all, it's a measure, as I said, of carry capacity potential. The ability of that land to carry urban forest. It also incorporates vegetation characteristics like the number of trees, the species, the age, and condition. Remember how we calculated that in that equation of Dave Nowak's. We're doing the same sort of thing but, and I'll show you in a minute how we estimated that. So it's incorporating more than simply canopy cover does. And it also incorporates certain characteristics of the built environment. And I'll show you what I mean by that when I describe how we estimate it. Well first of all, let's go through this quickly here. We stratified the city by land use type, just so that we're looking at, we're comparing Granny Smiths and McIntoshes at least. Where we established 400 circular square, 400 square meter circular plots. And this was done in conjunction with the work that we're doing with Dave Nowak. So I'm not saying that this is the ideal plot size for our purposes, we're still working through this. But it was an opportunity to try this process out. We transit surveyed everything in those 400 square meters. Every sidewalk edge, every flower bed, every building, every tree. And we defined all of those things with a transit survey, as accurately as we possibly could. Digitized, put it in the GIS system. The GIS, not the GIS system. And once we had it in there, we then applied some buffers and determined plantable space. Where could we put trees in there, given certain restrictions. Once we did that, we planted some prototype trees, again, using the GIS, and tried to maximize the leaf area that we could squeeze into these particular areas. And then, because we knew the leaf area of those prototype trees, we could calculate the potential leaf area density of each plot. So let's look at some of these on the ground. So here's one plot that we actually surveyed. And this is what it looked like. Let's pull the trees out and get a closer look. So what we've got there, the blue is building, let's see if I can remember what these are. These are buildings, sidewalk. This is patio stone, I believe. And I believe this is, I can't remember. It's another type of hard surface. I can't remember what colors are used in here. But the point being, these are basically all hard surfaces out here, with the green being a soft surface, as defined by that. And you can see, we actually surveyed beyond our, the perimeters of our 400 square meters. Because if you've got a street sign, or a road intersection here, it may be outside your plot, but it's area of influence comes in to the plot. So we had to go beyond that. So there's the soft surface. This is what we might think of initially as being what's available for planting. But in reality, when we add buffers to that, and we went to the various municipalities in our area and said, \"What sort of a buffer do you have \"for tree planting next to buildings, \"next to sidewalks, next to utilities, and so on.\" And we applied those various buffers to all these features we'd surveyed out. And our soft surface, then, is dramatically reduced down to what we have here. So that's really what's available for planting, given these various buffers. Then we took our trees, our prototype trees, and planted them using the GIS. We put in the big trees, the largest trees first of all, 20 meters tall and I can't remember the particular characteristics of those, but we planted the large trees first, because we want to maximize that leaf area density. We could have just stuck small trees in all over the place. That wouldn't have maximized. When we couldn't get any more big trees in, then we put the medium-sized trees in. When we ran out of room for medium-sized trees, we filled in what was left over with our small prototype trees. Then for each of those plots, we just tallied up the number of each size class, calculated the leaf area density, and used that as an estimate of our potential leaf area density. This is the first time we've tried to do this, and this is what we've got for the city of Toronto. We have some questions about it yet, we're refining it. But I think there's some interesting things that come out. This is, the potential leaf area density is the burgundy, and the existing leaf area density is the blue. And as you can see, in a lot of cases, in most cases, we've got more potential than we have existing, which is what we would expect to see. We see a lot of variation in some of them. And again, this is plots that are pooled to be quite, and particularly in some of these areas, for example, special purpose, that's the exhibition grounds in Toronto and a few other areas. So it's a sort of an anomalous land use type, but we were stuck with it. So a huge variation there. But what's more interesting again, remember, this represents about half the area of the city of Toronto. And we're seeing that the potential leaf area density declines as we go from a residential low to residential high, and we're seeing consistently more potential than existing, although over here, it's not statistically significant, and it is just statistically significant there. So that's what we would expect to see. So that's kind of an interesting bit of additional information that we can look at. And I'll talk about what we can do with that information in a minute. But first of all, I've alluded to this problem that we came up with, where we have situations where we have more existing than we have potential. So those sites are super saturated, if you wanted to say that. So what the heck is going on here? Well, we brainstormed this a little bit, and I think we came up with a few possibilities. And some of them are just problems with the process that we applied. First of all, the prototype tree size may have been conservative. Our largest tree wasn't as big as the biggest tree you're going to see in the city of Toronto. That doesn't bother me because those big trees were planted, or were established a hundred years ago, in an entirely different growing environment. Can we get a tree under the current building and environment that they're expected to grow in to reach that potential? I don't think so. It's an entirely different way of building, it's an entirely different environment. So I'm happy with our more conservative estimate of those, the size of those prototype trees. Prototype trees were all hardwoods. And we didn't, although we were incorporating and addressing the conifers in the existing leaf area, our prototype trees were really reflecting conifers only. So we may have underestimated there a little bit. And tree placement was conservative. We didn't tend, we didn't have crowns overlapping. The way we set them up is, the drip lines were the buffer. And of course that's not reality. I think we've got to, we've got to deal with that, we've got to look at that again and see what sort of adjustments we can make to make that a little bit more realistic. In open areas, of course, we had vertical structure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116438#t=0.0,2819.88"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - AV204789_Urban_Forestry_b.mp3"]},"duration":1123.968,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/116/439/small/lecture.png?1622671696","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/116/439/original/AV204789_Urban_Forestry_b.mp3?1622671696","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":1123.968,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204789_Urban_Forestry_b.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Perhaps more importantly is what's going on in the low","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=5.67,8.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and medium residential areas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=8.16,10.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have mature canopy trees there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=10.33,12.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"big old trees, enormous old trees,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=12.78,16.167"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they're really carrying the day in there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=16.167,18.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in many cases we suspect that we've actually","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=18.8,22.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seen a situation where available growing space","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=22.46,25.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been lost over the years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=25.58,27.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the trees are there, they're established,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=27.89,29.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and when they were a big well-established trees","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=29.94,32.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sidewalks were widened,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=32.97,34.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"front yard parking was incorporated,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=34.56,37.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"buildings were expanded in some cases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=37.26,39.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what we're probably seeing is some sort of artifact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=39.85,43.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the historical carrying capacity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=43.44,45.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think that's quite interesting in itself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=45.89,47.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as we've got up here, that may be a way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=47.77,50.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of indicating some sort of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=50.75,52.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"measure of force of sustainability.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=53.66,55.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What's happening to lead to available growing space","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=55.97,59.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or potential leaf area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=59.81,61.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So not just preserving the trees that are there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=61.69,64.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but preserving the growing space","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=64.1,65.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when the 1950s bungalow was being bulldozed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=65.67,68.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to put in a monster home now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=68.82,70.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's the sort of thing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=71.749,72.582"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that makes planners really nervous","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=72.582,74.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you start saying things like 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there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=76.98,78.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what can we do with potential leaf area density?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=78.88,81.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, first of all, it gives us an idea of how we're 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potential,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=86.75,89.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can we narrow that gap?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=89.4,91.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can we do something to reach that 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narrow,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=99.77,102.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then let's not worry about it in terms of new planting,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=102.06,104.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe our issues there are tree maintenance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=104.32,106.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just to keep them on the ground.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=106.8,107.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What factors are limiting potential leaf area 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Toronto.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=113.49,117.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Are we losing that potential to that sort of thing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=117.3,120.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And should we be taking planning measures","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=120.12,122.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do something about that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=122.37,124.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How can we conserve and increase","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=124.15,126.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that potential leaf area density?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=126.29,127.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I said once we have a better 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planning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=131.74,133.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to improve the situation?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=133.52,135.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not just looking at planting trees,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=135.09,137.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but retaining and maintaining the potential","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=137.27,140.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to carry those trees in the environment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=140.34,142.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if we can increase that potential leaf area density","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=144.24,147.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can we relate that 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large.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=167.58,169.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=169.83,170.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"try to avoid the tendency to be planting Crab Apples","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=170.663,174.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where we could be planting White Oaks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=174.4,177.792"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as long as they're able to support 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community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=196.76,199.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That means public education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=199.64,201.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again, a reminder that most of the urban 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site.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=224.03,227.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We've got to be doing it right at the design stage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=227.72,230.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Once we have them in the 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plan","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=233.84,235.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a vision to manage that resource.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=235.42,237.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, all of that has to be driven by good 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backyards,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=263.07,265.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"peering through their living rooms with transits and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=265.72,268.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We couldn't have done it without them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=268.71,270.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the graduate students that work with me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=270.19,272.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Urban Forest Research Group.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=272.4,274.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we all had quite a good time last summer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=274.66,278.437"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doing all this and seeing parts of the city","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=278.437,280.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we've never seen before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=280.71,282.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thanks very much for your attention,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=282.24,283.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there's my email address.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=283.66,285.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you think of some 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great.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=291.2,292.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I appreciate it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=292.033,292.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you still have some time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=292.89,295.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm prepared to try to address questions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=295.4,297.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and would be glad to hear comments.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=297.83,299.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e How do you sort of take into account,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=299.73,302.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know the concept that that homeowner","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=302.7,305.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"may do other things with that piece of property,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=305.54,307.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such as having a vegetable garden or something like that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=307.85,310.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and obviously, if I have this big leaf area index","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=310.83,313.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or leaf area density, then it's going to infringe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=313.95,316.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"upon what he really wants to do with that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=316.84,318.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, exactly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=318.74,319.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I guess in the theory of it being that we would","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=319.8,323.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we wouldn't expect to be able to get to that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=323.5,325.937"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e OK.\nThat potential,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=325.937,327.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of all of them may have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=327.0,328.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e a huge potential.\nRight.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=328.74,330.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e But you don't wanna be planting that up a tree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=330.24,333.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It sort of gets in the way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=333.57,334.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a soccer game or the baseball game.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=334.403,336.481"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we still have to,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=336.481,338.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we still have to look at that top end of potential.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=338.66,342.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But under that definition,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=342.5,344.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we would expect that we'd be able to reach that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=344.73,347.725"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e All right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=347.725,348.765"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e That's a good 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perceptions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=351.58,354.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the urban forest in Toronto","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=354.88,356.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a few years ago, where we had Toronto's purported to be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=356.44,360.767"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of the most culturally diverse cities in the world,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=360.767,364.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he was able to quantify some of the differences","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=364.45,367.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in perceptions between the Asian community","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=367.61,370.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Mediterranean community and so on,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=370.25,373.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and of course, some of those people like trees,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=373.86,375.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but not in my yard,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=375.89,377.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"down at the end of the street, in a park.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=377.37,380.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's a good point.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=380.11,381.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=382.57,383.748"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e When you were doing your capitulation for the potential","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=383.748,386.407"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of area density, and you had available for root space,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=386.407,390.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was that based on space for just a canopy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=390.74,393.518"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or were you planning for remodeling possibilities?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=393.518,397.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e We assume that below ground would be the,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=397.11,402.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the space that we needed for the root system would be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=402.65,405.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the drip line.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=405.02,406.124"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e All right, so it's essentially the same thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=406.124,408.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Basically, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=408.11,408.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're basically saying,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=408.98,411.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you'd at least like to see the drip line.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=411.13,413.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in most cases, you'd be hard-pressed to get that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=413.44,416.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The difference being the canopy could overhang sidewalks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=417.01,421.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and overhang buildings,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=421.72,422.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so in other words, you could put a big tree","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=422.94,427.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"closer to a building than you could a small tree,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=428.06,430.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because then ultimately the canopy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=430.63,432.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would overhang the root,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=432.23,433.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is what you want.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=433.33,434.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the root system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=435.43,437.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would be more restricted by pavement, and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=437.23,440.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e So it's not an issue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=440.65,441.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yep, exactly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=441.483,442.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we really looked at the tree","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=442.35,444.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in those two different levels.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=444.66,446.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was more restrictive below ground","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=446.11,448.115"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than it was above ground.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=448.115,450.325"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e So are the plans based on below ground restrictions, or?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=450.325,454.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, it is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=454.0,454.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If that's taken into consideration, yup.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=454.833,457.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But all I'm saying, if we assumed in the best case scenario,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=457.52,461.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we assume the drip line as the extended root system,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=461.35,464.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is, it's not reality, but.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=464.81,469.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e It makes it easier.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=470.43,471.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, correct.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=474.51,475.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I apologize for not being here earlier","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=475.53,477.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you probably said this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=477.1,478.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but were your leaf area figures","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=478.12,481.177"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"specific to different species?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=484.01,486.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, in the equation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=486.27,487.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's used for calculating the existing leaf area density","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=487.88,492.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's a shading factor incorporated in that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=493.34,496.277"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that shading factor varies by species.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=496.277,498.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So for example, the shady factor for Norway Maple is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=498.85,503.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know, I think it's something like .8,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=503.79,506.027"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and for Honey Locust it would be .65 or something like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=506.027,509.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's not species specific per se,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=509.85,513.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but there is a factor in there that accounts for.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=513.52,515.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e And even hardwoods and conifers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=517.379,519.947"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what sort of difference?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=519.947,521.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e There is a difference,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=522.88,524.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but like conifers are calculated in a different way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=524.24,528.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can't remember how that's done","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=528.2,530.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right off the top of my head, but it isn't,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=530.21,532.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's incorporated in there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=532.38,533.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's not quite as refined","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=533.84,537.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the definitions for the hardwoods,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=537.46,540.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but at least it accommodates","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=540.54,542.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some aspect of the different leaf area.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=542.45,545.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What it does, what none of this does","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=545.32,547.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is deal with the duration in leaf.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=547.51,551.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we've got conifers with in-leaf year round,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=551.17,556.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is not the case of course, with the hardwoods.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=556.63,559.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there's an anomaly there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=559.95,562.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How much that is having an effect","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=562.36,564.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when the trees are dormant,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=564.35,565.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's hard to say.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=565.54,566.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It depends on what traits you're looking at.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=566.373,568.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=571.42,572.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e How to get people to think more about the root system?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=572.85,575.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Most of the time, people are only interested in the roots","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=576.54,579.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when they start lifting up the sidewalk, or something.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=579.413,582.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e That's a really good question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=585.92,587.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the only, it sounds trite,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=587.34,590.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but just keep hammering it home.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=590.41,592.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had a situation on the campus at U of T,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=592.43,596.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where there was some construction going on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=596.14,598.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they wanted to put a trailer in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=598.79,601.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the people working in constructing of the maps","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=601.86,605.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and plans and everything,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=605.81,607.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they couldn't put that on the site.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=607.34,609.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they put 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Boulevard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=612.34,614.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in front of one of the other buildings","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=614.95,616.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a couple of trees next to the sidewalk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=616.35,619.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in order to put this trailer in,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=619.66,622.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they came in and scraped off","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=622.35,625.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about 45 centimeters of the top soil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=625.06,628.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then put crushed stone on it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=628.06,629.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then put the trailer on it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=629.6,630.997"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, half the root system of the trees were 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roots,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=653.03,655.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know, this idea that that the root system reflects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=655.07,658.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the canopy and that it's, you know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=658.09,661.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"deep and relatively narrow.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=661.79,663.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When you start telling people that most of the 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differently,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=667.53,671.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you know, confront engineers with it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=671.45,673.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and when you present it that 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ground.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=682.221,684.672"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of my colleagues suggested,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=684.672,685.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we were talking about that profile below the ground,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=685.69,687.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one day, and he said, well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=687.91,688.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's really the sub-urban environment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=688.743,692.822"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(class laughs)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=692.822,694.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Suburbia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=694.45,695.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, I think just trying to work with them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=696.79,699.955"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with that, the final say.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=699.955,702.038"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes?\nMy question is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=703.821,705.945"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during your presentation you had a slide","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=705.945,707.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with three different pictures of different densities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=707.833,712.147"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, mm-hmm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=712.147,713.314"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Where you had low densities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=714.296,716.746"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where you talking about specifically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=716.746,718.495"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about building densities or,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=718.495,719.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yes, both.\nalso about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=719.913,722.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"population densities?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=722.04,722.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, yeah, I was referring to population density","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=722.873,725.787"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's what we use within,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=725.787,728.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we broke out residential with a high, medium, low","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=728.13,732.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"using population density,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=732.17,733.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it was, it was there in the census data,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=733.81,738.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we had it in numeration areas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=738.7,742.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we had, we had polygons that we could bring in to the lab","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=742.87,746.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we knew what the population of the area was,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=746.31,748.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so we could work with it that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=748.26,750.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We could also work with building area,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=750.5,754.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is actually the way of the city for all of us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=754.55,756.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But unfortunately we couldn't do that in GIS or York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=757.58,759.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it still gives you the same sort of idea,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=761.017,763.467"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and just packing more people in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=765.47,767.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tends to create more hubs for us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=767.27,769.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e There's one final track question here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=771.562,774.895"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The most common question I've been asked","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=775.747,777.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is what kind of tree can I plant that doesn't get too big,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=777.93,780.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and doesn't make a mess?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=780.97,782.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What sort of answers should we be giving","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=782.98,785.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to those kinds of questions?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=785.84,787.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because people don't want to plant big trees,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=787.29,789.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they don't want trees that infringe upon their house,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=789.28,792.775"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e or you know.\nYeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=792.775,794.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah, that's a tough one","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=794.4,795.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we deal with it all the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=796.872,798.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or the other one is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=798.18,799.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where can I get one of those really nice maple trees","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=799.76,802.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are red year round?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=802.463,804.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you say, well, Crimson King Road,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=804.47,807.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but maybe we don't want them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=807.24,808.469"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're invasive and everything else,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=808.469,809.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and of course that doesn't matter,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=809.7,811.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I just want that tree in my front yard.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=811.06,813.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think there's an easy answer there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=815.442,817.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What we're trying to do is work with community groups,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=817.62,820.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"repairs groups, and so on,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=820.56,822.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do this sort of thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=822.52,824.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And get them involved when we've got a program","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=824.58,827.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we're hoping to launch this summer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=827.43,829.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to work with community groups","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=829.5,831.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do an urban forest plan for their neighborhood.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=831.53,834.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They do the inventory,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=834.94,836.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they develop their objectives and so on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=836.05,838.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we're hoping that through that approach","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=838.6,840.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people will get a better understanding","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=840.66,842.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of why it might be a good idea to have big trees there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=842.33,845.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and why cleaning the gutters out once a year,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=845.65,848.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"isn't really that big a deal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=848.83,850.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We won't win everybody over by any stretch,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=850.8,853.227"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah, that's an issue.\nBut,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=853.227,856.274"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's no easy answer to that question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=856.274,858.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's just put a nice Crab Apple there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=862.253,865.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and yeah, that's great.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=865.1,867.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you want,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=867.02,868.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if your objective is aesthetics, then that's fine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=868.34,871.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if your objective,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=871.67,873.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this doesn't work with the individual,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=873.26,874.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"most individual homework,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=874.94,876.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but if your objectives at the city level,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=876.27,879.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is something more than aesthetics,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=879.2,881.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then we've got to completely change","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=881.49,883.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the way we're doing things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=883.53,884.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we can change the way we're doing things,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=884.76,886.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then let's throw that list out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=886.98,889.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"list of benefits,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=889.41,890.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let's just throw it out, and say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=890.38,891.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the urban forest makes the city look nicer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=891.93,894.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nothing wrong with that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=894.97,895.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's an important point,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=895.803,897.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but let's not talk about air quality","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=897.06,900.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and stormwater attenuation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=900.18,901.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and all these other nice environmental things,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=901.77,904.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"unless we're really going to do something","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=904.32,906.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of planning and managing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=906.71,908.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your course to meet those objectives.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=908.42,910.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, walk the walk, talk the talk, walk the walk.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=910.5,914.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the sort of thing that you have to deal with.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=915.67,917.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And another one, of course, that being a homeowner","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=917.47,920.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who doesn't have that energy to start.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=920.15,923.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Should we have the analog of zoning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=925.82,928.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of tree planting?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=928.57,930.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Should we have, invade people's private property rights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=931.507,935.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and say within this area we should plant these kinds of--","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=935.5,939.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I suppose another way of looking at it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=939.25,941.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the city of Toronto has a tree cutting bylaw,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=941.65,944.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a law that states that if you have a tree","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=944.26,947.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"30 centimeters DBH and greater","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=947.04,950.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you want to injure or destroy that tree","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=950.03,952.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you have to have a permit from the city,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=952.88,954.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on private property and public property.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=954.93,957.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was a huge outcry when that came out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=957.87,960.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but over the four or five years that it's been in place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=960.0,964.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that, the outcry is waning,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=964.56,966.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they're recognizing that the city","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=966.56,969.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wants to really just have the opportunity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=969.05,971.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to go in, again, at the planning stage,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=971.48,973.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and say, if you move that floor plan","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=973.5,975.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over a foot this way, or you flipped it over,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=975.85,978.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or you put the garage somewhere else or something of that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=978.23,981.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you can save that big tree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=981.63,982.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's going to have an impact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=982.98,984.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on your property value, for one thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=984.62,987.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And through that sort of negotiation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=987.21,988.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they may say look, in some cases,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=988.97,991.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they've also said, nope, can't have the permit, forget it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=991.1,994.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you can't build it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=994.38,996.031"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(microphone crackling)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=996.031,999.281"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Oh, one thing that could be done with,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1013.77,1015.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"again looking at leaf area density","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1015.99,1017.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is this issue of if I take the big Oak tree out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1017.54,1021.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what do I have to do to mitigate that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1021.64,1025.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How much do I pay?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1025.2,1026.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can pay the CTLA value or I can plant five trees","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1026.49,1031.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the big one that I'm taking out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1032.7,1034.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had a situation again on the U of T campus","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1034.82,1038.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where four big Elms were going to compromise","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1038.07,1040.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my new running track.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1040.86,1042.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we had just used our system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1042.35,1044.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do some of the work on the campus trees,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1044.62,1048.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we found that in order to retain the same leaf area,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1048.1,1052.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"each of those big Elm trees","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1052.45,1054.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would've had to have been replaced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1054.56,1055.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by a 35-39 millimeter tree.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1055.85,1059.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So once we said that, 35 times four,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1059.64,1062.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it people step back and said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1062.48,1065.437"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, there's something to this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1065.437,1066.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the running track didn't go in,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1066.31,1068.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not just because of that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1068.28,1069.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I think it helped illustrate the importance of that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1069.54,1072.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the idea there would be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1072.72,1074.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if the big tree has to come down, you can avoid it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1074.61,1077.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's why, if you're going to have to do something","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1078.69,1081.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to maintain that leaf area, somewhere in the city,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1081.02,1084.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as much of that site isn't carried,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1084.3,1085.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but maybe somewhere else.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1085.95,1088.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I suggested that to the homeowner,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1088.23,1089.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he says, but I, if I plant 35 trees now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1089.88,1094.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the one tree I'm taking out, and they all survive,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1094.42,1097.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you're going to have more than you lost.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1097.72,1100.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I said, yeah, what's your point?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1100.13,1102.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(class laughs)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1102.493,1103.326"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because you're going to be losing it somewhere else.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1103.326,1105.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e So, you're good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1105.573,1106.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Good enough?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1106.543,1107.376"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Great, thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1111.67,1113.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(applause)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=1114.845,1117.095"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28507/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/507/original/AV204789_Urban_Forestry_b.vtt?1622671697","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/028/507/original/AV204789_Urban_Forestry_b.vtt?1622671697"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28508","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204789_Urban_Forestry_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439/transcript/28508/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Perhaps more importantly is what's going on in the low and medium residential areas. We have mature canopy trees there, big old trees, enormous old trees, and they're really carrying the day in there. And in many cases we suspect that we've actually seen a situation where available growing space has been lost over the years. So the trees are there, they're established, and when they were a big well-established trees sidewalks were widened, front yard parking was incorporated, buildings were expanded in some cases. So what we're probably seeing is some sort of artifact of the historical carrying capacity. And I think that's quite interesting in itself. And as we've got up here, that may be a way of indicating some sort of measure of force of sustainability. What's happening to lead to available growing space or potential leaf area. So not just preserving the trees that are there but preserving the growing space when the 1950s bungalow was being bulldozed to put in a monster home now. So that's the sort of thing that makes planners really nervous when you start saying things like that. Let's preserve space for trees, not just the trees that are there. So what can we do with potential leaf area density? Well, first of all, it gives us an idea of how we're doing. If we've got a big gap between the existing and the potential, can we narrow that gap? Can we do something to reach that potential? If we're looking at it as a situation where the ratio between the two is very narrow, then let's not worry about it in terms of new planting, maybe our issues there are tree maintenance, just to keep them on the ground. What factors are limiting potential leaf area density? Is it things like front yard parking? Which is a huge issue in the old part of downtown Toronto. Are we losing that potential to that sort of thing? And should we be taking planning measures to do something about that? How can we conserve and increase that potential leaf area density? As I said once we have a better understanding of what's driving it, what can we do in terms of our planning to improve the situation? Not just looking at planting trees, but retaining and maintaining the potential to carry those trees in the environment. And if we can increase that potential leaf area density can we relate that back, quantitatively to those benefits that I listed earlier on? So very quickly, what are some of the things that are needed to maximize these benefits? We have to manage that urban forest structure to retain or increase the potential leaf area density. We have to be planting trees that have the genetic potential to become large. In other words, try to avoid the tendency to be planting Crab Apples where we could be planting White Oaks, as long as they're able to support that that the growing space is able to support that tree. And of course we have to ensure that that tree is going into a growing environment that it can meet its potential, and we have to manage it so that it can meet that potential. Can't simply stick it in the ground and walk away. And of course, as I said, we've got to look at optimizing that distribution over the community. That means public education. Again, a reminder that most of the urban forest is in private property, so big challenges there. Recognizing that recognition of these values and bringing them to the table at the planning stage, incorporating these issues right up front, not after the fact, not trying to deal with issues after all the utilities have gone in and the the contractors just heading off the site. We've got to be doing it right at the design stage. Once we have them in the ground, once we have that preserved, we have to have a long-term plan with a vision to manage that resource. And of course, all of that has to be driven by good research in all aspects, the biological, socio-economic, and management aspects. To meet that potential that we've striven to establish on the ground. So this is, this work has been made possible by some funding for the ministry of the environment, and of course, contributions from the city and all these landowners whose gardens we traveled and spent hours in their backyards, peering through their living rooms with transits and so on. We couldn't have done it without them, and the graduate students that work with me in the Urban Forest Research Group. So we all had quite a good time last summer, doing all this and seeing parts of the city that we've never seen before. Thanks very much for your attention, and there's my email address. If you think of some questions that you want to run by me or some suggestions, that would be great. I appreciate it. And if you still have some time, I'm prepared to try to address questions and would be glad to hear comments.\r\n\r\n- How do you sort of take into account, you know the concept that that homeowner may do other things with that piece of property, such as having a vegetable garden or something like that, and obviously, if I have this big leaf area index or leaf area density, then it's going to infringe upon what he really wants to do with that.\r\n\r\n- Yeah, exactly. And I guess in the theory of it being that we would we wouldn't expect to be able to get to that,\r\n\r\n- OK.\r\n\r\n- That potential, because of all of them may have a huge potential.\r\n\r\n- Right.\r\n\r\n- But you don't wanna be planting that up a tree. It sort of gets in the way of a soccer game or the baseball game. So we still have to, we still have to look at that top end of potential. But under that definition, we would expect that we'd be able to reach that.\r\n\r\n- All right.\r\n\r\n- That's a good point. We did, had a graduate student that looked at cultural perceptions of the urban forest in Toronto a few years ago, where we had Toronto's purported to be one of the most culturally diverse cities in the world, and he was able to quantify some of the differences in perceptions between the Asian community and Mediterranean community and so on, and of course, some of those people like trees, but not in my yard, down at the end of the street, in a park. That's a good point. Yes?\r\n\r\n- When you were doing your capitulation for the potential of area density, and you had available for root space, was that based on space for just a canopy or were you planning for remodeling possibilities?\r\n\r\n- We assume that below ground would be the, the space that we needed for the root system would be the drip line.\r\n\r\n- All right, so it's essentially the same thing.\r\n\r\n- Basically, yeah. We're basically saying, you'd at least like to see the drip line. And in most cases, you'd be hard-pressed to get that. The difference being the canopy could overhang sidewalks, and overhang buildings, so in other words, you could put a big tree closer to a building than you could a small tree, because then ultimately the canopy would overhang the root, which is what you want. But the root system would be more restricted by pavement, and so on.\r\n\r\n- So it's not an issue.\r\n\r\n- Yep, exactly. So we really looked at the tree in those two different levels. It was more restrictive below ground than it was above ground.\r\n\r\n- So are the plans based on below ground restrictions, or?\r\n\r\n- Yeah, it is. If that's taken into consideration, yup. But all I'm saying, if we assumed in the best case scenario, we assume the drip line as the extended root system, which is, it's not reality, but.\r\n\r\n- It makes it easier.\r\n\r\n- Yeah, correct.\r\n\r\n- I apologize for not being here earlier when you probably said this, but were your leaf area figures specific to different species?\r\n\r\n- Yeah, in the equation that's used for calculating the existing leaf area density there's a shading factor incorporated in that, and that shading factor varies by species. So for example, the shady factor for Norway Maple is, I don't know, I think it's something like .8, and for Honey Locust it would be .65 or something like that. So it's not species specific per se, but there is a factor in there that accounts for.\r\n\r\n- And even hardwoods and conifers, what sort of difference?\r\n\r\n- There is a difference, but like conifers are calculated in a different way. I can't remember how that's done right off the top of my head, but it isn't, it's incorporated in there, and it's not quite as refined as the definitions for the hardwoods, but at least it accommodates some aspect of the different leaf area. What it does, what none of this does is deal with the duration in leaf. So we've got conifers with in-leaf year round, which is not the case of course, with the hardwoods. So there's an anomaly there. How much that is having an effect when the trees are dormant, it's hard to say. It depends on what traits you're looking at. Yes?\r\n\r\n- How to get people to think more about the root system? Most of the time, people are only interested in the roots when they start lifting up the sidewalk, or something.\r\n\r\n- That's a really good question, and the only, it sounds trite, but just keep hammering it home. We had a situation on the campus at U of T, where there was some construction going on and they wanted to put a trailer in for the people working in constructing of the maps and plans and everything, and they couldn't put that on the site. So they put up, there was a fairly broad Boulevard in front of one of the other buildings with a couple of trees next to the sidewalk. And in order to put this trailer in, they came in and scraped off about 45 centimeters of the top soil, and then put crushed stone on it, and then put the trailer on it. And of course, half the root system of the trees were gone. When I discussed this with the manager and said why didn't you just take the crushed stone and put it on top of the turf? It wouldn't have been great for the trees, but it probably would've been a lot better than what they did. It would still give them a stable base, but he said, well why would we do that? We only went down that far. The perception is the tree roots, you know, this idea that that the root system reflects the canopy and that it's, you know, deep and relatively narrow. When you start telling people that most of the roots are in the top two feet, then they start to look at that differently, and you know, confront engineers with it, and when you present it that way, they look at it differently. It's just, they don't understand. Or they never thought of it. They never thought of a tree below ground. One of my colleagues suggested, we were talking about that profile below the ground, one day, and he said, well, that's really the sub-urban environment. Suburbia. Yeah, I think just trying to work with them with that, the final say. Yes?\r\n\r\n- My question is, during your presentation you had a slide with three different pictures of different densities.\r\n\r\n- Yes, mm-hmm.\r\n\r\n- Where you had low densities. Where you talking about specifically about building densities or,\r\n\r\n- Yes, both. also about population densities?\r\n\r\n- Well, yeah, I was referring to population density and that's what we use within, we broke out residential with a high, medium, low using population density, because it was, it was there in the census data, and we had it in numeration areas. So we had, we had polygons that we could bring in to the lab and we knew what the population of the area was, so we could work with it that way. We could also work with building area, which is actually the way of the city for all of us. But unfortunately we couldn't do that in GIS or York. I think it still gives you the same sort of idea, and just packing more people in tends to create more hubs for us.\r\n\r\n- There's one final track question here. The most common question I've been asked is what kind of tree can I plant that doesn't get too big, and doesn't make a mess? What sort of answers should we be giving to those kinds of questions? Because people don't want to plant big trees, they don't want trees that infringe upon their house, or you know.\r\n\r\n- Yeah. Yeah, that's a tough one and we deal with it all the time. Or the other one is, where can I get one of those really nice maple trees that are red year round? And you say, well, Crimson King Road, but maybe we don't want them, they're invasive and everything else, and of course that doesn't matter, I just want that tree in my front yard. I don't think there's an easy answer there. What we're trying to do is work with community groups, repairs groups, and so on, to do this sort of thing. And get them involved when we've got a program that we're hoping to launch this summer, to work with community groups to do an urban forest plan for their neighborhood. They do the inventory, they develop their objectives and so on. And we're hoping that through that approach people will get a better understanding of why it might be a good idea to have big trees there, and why cleaning the gutters out once a year, isn't really that big a deal. We won't win everybody over by any stretch,\r\n\r\n- Yeah, that's an issue.\r\n\r\n- But, there's no easy answer to that question. It's just put a nice Crab Apple there, and yeah, that's great. And if you want, if your objective is aesthetics, then that's fine. But if your objective, and this doesn't work with the individual, most individual homework, but if your objectives at the city level, is something more than aesthetics, then we've got to completely change the way we're doing things. If we can change the way we're doing things, then let's throw that list out, list of benefits, let's just throw it out, and say, the urban forest makes the city look nicer. Nothing wrong with that. That's an important point, but let's not talk about air quality and stormwater attenuation, and all these other nice environmental things, unless we're really going to do something in terms of planning and managing your course to meet those objectives. In other words, walk the walk, talk the talk, walk the walk. That's the sort of thing that you have to deal with. And another one, of course, that being a homeowner who doesn't have that energy to start.\r\n\r\n- Should we have the analog of zoning in terms of tree planting? Should we have, invade people's private property rights and say within this area we should plant these kinds of--\r\n\r\n- Well, I suppose another way of looking at it, the city of Toronto has a tree cutting bylaw, a law that states that if you have a tree 30 centimeters DBH and greater and you want to injure or destroy that tree you have to have a permit from the city, on private property and public property. There was a huge outcry when that came out, but over the four or five years that it's been in place that, the outcry is waning, and they're recognizing that the city wants to really just have the opportunity to go in, again, at the planning stage, and say, if you move that floor plan over a foot this way, or you flipped it over, or you put the garage somewhere else or something of that, you can save that big tree. That's going to have an impact on your property value, for one thing. And through that sort of negotiation, they may say look, in some cases, they've also said, nope, can't have the permit, forget it, you can't build it. Oh, one thing that could be done with, again looking at leaf area density is this issue of if I take the big Oak tree out, what do I have to do to mitigate that? How much do I pay? I can pay the CTLA value or I can plant five trees for the big one that I'm taking out. We had a situation again on the U of T campus where four big Elms were going to compromise my new running track. And we had just used our system to do some of the work on the campus trees, and we found that in order to retain the same leaf area, each of those big Elm trees would've had to have been replaced by a 35-39 millimeter tree. So once we said that, 35 times four, it people step back and said, well, there's something to this. So the running track didn't go in, not just because of that, but I think it helped illustrate the importance of that. So the idea there would be if the big tree has to come down, you can avoid it. That's why, if you're going to have to do something to maintain that leaf area, somewhere in the city, as much of that site isn't carried, but maybe somewhere else. I suggested that to the homeowner, and he says, but I, if I plant 35 trees now, for the one tree I'm taking out, and they all survive, you're going to have more than you lost. And I said, yeah, what's your point? Because you're going to be losing it somewhere else.\r\n\r\n- So, you're good.\r\n\r\n- Good enough? Great, thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/1150/collection_resources/43482/file/116439#t=0.0,1123.968"}]}]}]}