{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/736m03zd1j/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Lansing, John Stephen, The Goddess and the Computer"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV203999 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["The Goddess and the Computer is a March 18, 1991 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring John Lansing. John Lansing discusses using computer simulation to optimize rice terracing in Bali.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. 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Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Ark"]},"value":{"en":["https://n2t.net/ark:/87292/w9s756q71"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1991-03-18"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["lectures","Sound"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Lansing, John Stephen (speaker)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1/4 inch audio cassette"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Green Revolution","Traditional farming","Agriculture--Computer simulation","Rice--Irrigation"]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["Bali (Indonesia : Province) (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Committee on Lectures records (RS 8/6/53) (physical collection)","Iowa State Lectures Series (digital collection)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["The Goddess and the Computer is a March 18, 1991 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring John Lansing. 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University.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=7.6,11.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He asked me to keep it brief.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=11.62,12.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's what I'll try to 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Bali.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=85.07,86.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Publications range from the seminal publication,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=87.68,91.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"economic growth and the traditional society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=91.56,94.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cautionary tale from Bali.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=94.71,96.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was in human organization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=96.6,98.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the extensive work in his book,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=98.34,100.477"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"The Three Worlds of Bali.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=100.477,102.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He's done three ethnographic films,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=102.58,104.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Three Worlds of Bali,\" \"Chiefs and Kings of Indonesia\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=105.987,109.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and \"The Goddess in the Computer,\" which we've just seen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=109.62,112.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Plus last but not least the Bali Notebook","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=112.1,115.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is a development software","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=115.46,118.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which he's using right now for development in Bali.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=118.01,122.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Please help me welcome Dr. Steven Lansing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=122.46,124.934"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(applause)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=124.934,127.184"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=135.53,136.585"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And actually I'm among friends here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=136.585,139.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what I propose to do is talk 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course","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=150.46,152.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that it becomes a film about computers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=152.06,153.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's very much about Bali.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=153.98,155.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What I wanna do is try to put it in a different context.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=155.5,158.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What we were really up to is looking at the effects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=158.31,160.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Green Revolution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=160.79,161.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is sort of a broader question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=161.65,164.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So let me say just a few words about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=164.02,165.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then I'd like to show you some slides","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=165.76,167.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and talk about what we were actually doing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=167.04,168.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with that computer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=168.41,169.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm not sure that that's clear in the film,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=169.243,171.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and where I think it's headed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=171.76,173.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what I think might be of interest to a fellow workers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=173.37,176.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in these fields.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=176.41,177.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the Green Revolution happened in Bali very quickly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=177.243,181.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It happened in the space of about five years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=181.17,183.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Balinese adopted high yielding varieties of rice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=183.35,186.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over most of South Bali.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=186.04,187.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that meant a tremendous change in many areas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=187.14,191.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George Condominus wrote some years ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=191.81,193.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that agriculture always has both a social","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=193.49,196.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the technical aspect or component.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=196.61,198.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think we haven't paid very much attention","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=198.73,201.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the social aspects of things like the Green Revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=201.1,203.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the Balinese case, very briefly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=203.83,206.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what happened was that the government of Indonesia","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=206.33,209.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"set up a system of banking or the Bank Rakyat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=209.11,212.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the people's bank to furnish farmers with credits","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=213.808,215.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that they could purchase agrochemicals and seed stocks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=215.92,219.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they also set up a marketing system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=219.58,221.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that farmers could sell their rice,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=221.08,223.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the high yielding varieties of rice back to the government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=223.4,227.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And finally farmers were encouraged,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=227.37,229.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very strongly encouraged to plant high yielding varieties","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=229.52,232.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of rice as quickly as possible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=232.92,234.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, this is all was laudable and understandable at the time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=234.67,237.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because Indonesia was facing famine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=237.71,239.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in a sense, the Green Revolution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=239.7,240.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a tremendous success in all over Indonesia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=240.9,243.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was able to push rice production","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=243.8,246.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"up above the rate of population growth","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=246.21,248.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's happened elsewhere in the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=248.61,250.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But unfortunately the rate of increase of agrochemicals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=250.82,254.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the fastest curve of all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=254.03,255.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what happened in Bali is that within the space","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=255.57,257.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with an eye blink of time, a system of collective management","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=257.64,261.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of irrigation rice terrace ecology was replaced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=261.24,264.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by a system of essentially capitalist agriculture,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=264.61,267.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by which I mean, each farmer was required or encouraged","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=267.6,272.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to plant rice as fast as possible, to purchase labor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=272.54,276.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and seed stocks and agrochemicals to grow this rice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=276.69,279.945"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then just sell it on the market.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=279.945,281.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, as one farmer said to me in '78,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=281.25,283.867"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"You know, I'm not planting rice anymore,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=283.867,285.637"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I'm planting motorcycles.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=285.637,287.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because he's planting rice to sell to buy motorcycles.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=287.4,291.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it meant that very quickly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=291.49,293.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a system of collective management","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=293.3,295.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which you've just seen briefly outlined in that film","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=295.33,297.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was replaced by a kind of a free for all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=297.7,299.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or what we would call like a capitalist system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=299.59,301.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which people competed for access to those materials","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=301.43,303.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and of course, also for water.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=303.64,305.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I was studying the traditional system of agriculture,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=305.9,310.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I found after about a year that I was working","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=310.36,314.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in parallel with Balinese who were also trying to 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coercion,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=347.95,349.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was the attractiveness of the package.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=349.01,350.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it's a generation after the 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Bali","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=355.473,357.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we cope with a different set of circumstances now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=357.38,360.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is that it's clear that what 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way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=365.8,370.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it set in motion to kind of an experiment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=370.07,371.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, what I saw when I happened","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=371.98,373.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to start studying this problem was the effects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=373.78,375.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this sudden shift when the collective system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=375.68,379.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was no longer allowed to function.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=379.5,381.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I think it is a common 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system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=392.7,395.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the management of rice terrace ecology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=395.21,398.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We know that rice terraces are artificial ecosystems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=398.67,402.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the sense that they are human managed systems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=402.64,406.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And basically it's through the control of 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effect","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=411.77,415.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of these large scale systems of management","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=415.39,418.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are implemented by the temple system?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=418.13,420.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How much effect do they have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=420.15,421.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the management of the terrace ecology?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=421.54,424.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, at a different scale than the management","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=424.43,427.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of individual farmer, is there other real biological effects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=427.2,431.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to systems of collective management?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=431.73,433.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the computer modeling project","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=433.8,435.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was concerned with trying to evaluate that question, right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=435.61,438.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hooked up with Jim Cramer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=438.42,439.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who's a mathematical systems ecologist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=439.64,442.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a biological oceanographer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=442.87,444.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had no business really working in Bali,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=444.33,446.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"except that rice patties, in a sense are aquatic ecosystems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=446.15,450.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we framed it in that way and tried to understand","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=450.21,453.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what were the effects of human management","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=453.4,455.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on terrace ecology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=455.01,457.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So maybe if I could put the slides back down again,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=457.8,459.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let me go through just a few slides with the lights rather.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=459.94,463.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You've just endured an hour of film,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=465.12,466.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so I'm gonna make this brief,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=466.7,467.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I'd like to explain what the underlying 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film","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=482.68,484.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and here's the structure of the system,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=484.33,486.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is raised at the lines of the boundaries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=486.13,488.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of catchment areas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=488.77,490.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The dark ones and the rivers, the little boxes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=490.3,492.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are Subaks or irrigation areas,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=492.12,495.179"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"average size about 50 to 100 hectors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=495.179,497.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And these little Christmas trees are water tables.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=497.41,501.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So our model was, first of all, a physical 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model","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=504.19,508.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of rainfall runoff relations from one region to the next.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=508.64,511.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Secondly, we modeled various kinds of rice 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model,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=517.43,519.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as long as the rice has enough water, it will grow.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=519.12,522.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And finally 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rice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=532.21,535.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at different times stagger the planting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=535.2,536.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it was to divide up the water as much as 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pests","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=542.06,545.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is by having a fallow period.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=545.3,546.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the rice grows and the will 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hierarchies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=571.0,574.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or structures of cropping pattern","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=574.51,576.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on optimizing rice by optimizing those two conditions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=576.04,579.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the model kind of looks like that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=579.69,580.915"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you've already seen 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effects.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=585.05,587.687"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what we're aiming for is a picture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=587.687,592.687"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of what are the effects of this total system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=593.81,596.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of coordination on rice production over these two rivers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=596.22,599.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So model looks at several different 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Subaks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=605.338,607.978"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which there are 172 fallows its own.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=607.978,610.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we specify a range of different 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constant,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=624.923,627.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hold the physical system constant and evaluate only","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=628.103,631.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the effects of different kinds of levels","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=631.92,634.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of collective management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=634.13,635.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So let's see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=636.7,637.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Easy seem, let me just quickly get to the results.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=638.79,641.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're gonna look at the software present","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=646.98,648.961"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to those who are interested.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=648.961,650.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So anybody who's really interested in the details","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=650.04,651.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of how it works, we'll get onto that eventually.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=651.24,654.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are just histograms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=655.68,656.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so it makes it possible to compare the effects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=656.73,658.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct) changes its cropping pattern","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=658.743,661.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what will be the effects on their downstream neighbors","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=661.45,664.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in changing them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=664.29,665.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The effects are gonna be different","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=665.28,666.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"depending on the specific local conditions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=666.37,668.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, I apologize for this slide,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=669.99,671.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but here we see past loss according to how the scale","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=671.52,676.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of social coordination.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=676.73,678.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In this case, each of the Subaks, each little unit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=678.05,680.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sets its own property pattern","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=680.6,682.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the effect is massive losses to pests.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=682.34,684.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If the temples separate cropping patterns,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=684.84,686.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then it's much reduced loss to pests.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=686.56,688.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's one constraint.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=688.27,689.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Water stress works the opposite way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=691.0,692.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is, if the whole watershed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=692.97,694.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has a single cropping pattern, then a lot of people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=694.42,696.707"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are gonna run out of water","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=696.707,698.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they're not divided enough to share it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=698.1,699.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But here you see that the temple set the cropping patterns,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=699.84,701.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they do pretty well in terms of water stress.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=701.733,704.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So overall balancing yield, balancing those constraints.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=704.42,709.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The fact is that the temple's optimized rice production","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=710.414,713.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"means they hit the highest yield","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=713.05,714.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by setting the optimum balance between water sharing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=714.88,719.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and pest control.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=719.97,720.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Finally, what we're up to now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=721.84,723.361"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the students, the Balinese have gotten interested in this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=723.361,726.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a tool.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=728.49,729.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the reason for their interest,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=729.83,734.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it isn't well explained in the film, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=734.43,736.972"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is that the Green Revolution has scrambled cropping patterns","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=736.972,741.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and past in ways that make it difficult","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=741.38,745.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the traditional system of management to cope.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=745.07,747.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are new varieties of rice being planted all the time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=747.78,749.932"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there are new kinds of pests and it's hard to calculate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=749.932,751.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the effects of these changes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=751.96,754.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a very tightly coupled system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=754.05,755.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We know enough about the hydrology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=755.48,756.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to know it's very tightly coupled.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=756.77,758.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so it's a tough project to evaluate the effects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=758.33,762.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a change of cropping pattern on,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=762.37,763.708"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let's say on three weirs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=763.708,765.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this is Tutti, who's a Balinese student","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=765.6,769.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the agronomy department.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=769.67,770.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She and three of her colleagues had spent last year","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=770.86,773.018"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gathering the detailed ecological","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=773.018,775.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and social data on five rivers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=775.82,778.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It will be necessary to get a really precise result","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=778.0,781.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from our modeling.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=781.05,782.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So here she is talking to one of the priest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=782.3,784.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the master water temple about the results.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=784.48,787.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The hope is that if she is successful,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=787.8,790.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we'll be able to, first of all,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=790.32,793.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to model the effects of changes in cropping 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needed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=817.07,818.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for a more effective model.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=818.65,823.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it sort of looks like 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station","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=827.18,829.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you can put what she does is to interview farmers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=829.1,832.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to try to get comparable data from each 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department","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=842.01,845.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the engineers have realized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=845.54,846.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that a lot of their data isn't very 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hydrology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=858.34,860.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this is the hydrology department","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=860.37,861.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"working with my students, going back and measuring,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=861.76,864.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"again these flow rates so that you can begin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=864.51,868.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to get that right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=868.03,869.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So here are these students.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=869.07,870.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then at the same time, they're also 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priest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=886.887,888.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of one of the Masceti temples.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=888.8,890.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, that's the last slide.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=891.39,892.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is just a bicycle turning into a modus far.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=892.8,897.016"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have the slides up, rather have the lights up, please.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=897.016,899.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(man speaking in the background)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=905.717,907.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, please.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=907.12,908.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I'll ask the first one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=908.65,910.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How do you come back to the centralization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=914.94,916.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the control computers?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=916.94,919.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How'd you make sure that the farmers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=920.85,923.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are given the opportunity to actually use these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=923.04,925.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for their own benefits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=925.573,927.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, it's a little more complicated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=927.27,929.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than we portrayed in the film.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=929.19,930.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What we're trying to do now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=930.6,932.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the students have taken over this project.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=932.19,934.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in the end what will happen is there will be a computer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=934.39,937.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that will be a source of data and modeling for everybody.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=937.48,942.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Probably only one computer would be needed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=942.03,943.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you turn it on and start to look at what it says,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=943.76,946.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you'll be looking at water temples,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=946.5,949.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you'd be looking at ecology, you'd be looking at hydrology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=949.16,952.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you'll be shown some of the interconnections a moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=952.03,955.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So if anybody uses it, he's gonna see","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=955.17,957.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the system of indigenous knowledge.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=957.33,958.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's what's in the computer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=958.74,960.914"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that I think is good in itself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=960.914,963.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There is how our next 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weirs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=979.26,981.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a small change can mean","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=981.71,983.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that people cannot have enough 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it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=994.36,995.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's no doubt of that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=995.45,996.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, I'm working for them now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=996.283,999.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We sort of shifted from the scientific goals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1001.14,1003.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to trying to fulfill the promise to the Balinese,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1003.33,1006.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to turn this into something they can use.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1006.23,1008.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I understand the value of using the computer model","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1010.9,1013.246"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for teachers and society about the system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1013.246,1015.907"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But given that (indistinct) ecological 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(indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1032.23,1034.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, as far as I was concerned,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1034.89,1037.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wasn't really introducing 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agrochemicals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1088.793,1091.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and changing cropping patterns","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1091.46,1092.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and using high-yielding varieties,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1092.88,1094.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then the old signs don't work anymore.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1094.7,1096.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You see, it's a very different 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1970.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1100.81,1104.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so they were at a loss just as I was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1104.6,1106.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to know what the effects would 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confirms,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1222.19,1224.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially at the larger scale state","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1224.13,1227.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you look at a change in the water 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insecticides,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1256.18,1257.327"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tremendous amount of site-specific data.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1257.327,1259.417"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Once we have all that and we've modeled 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upstream","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1304.94,1306.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's only because we cooperate with them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1306.28,1309.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we get one third of the 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function.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1311.92,1314.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it's, in other words there are things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1314.6,1316.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are specific to Balinese hydrology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1316.01,1317.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that would be different elsewhere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1317.97,1319.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If the Balinese lived in China and had a great big river","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1319.15,1321.849"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we're sort of tapping out of the large river","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1321.849,1324.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there was plenty of water for everybody,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1324.75,1326.239"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you have very different constraints.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1326.239,1327.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then you wouldn't have this hydrological","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1327.94,1330.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"connectivity problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1330.14,1331.847"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what I'm saying is I think the topography of Bali","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1331.847,1336.847"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"makes social coordination essential","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1337.58,1340.566"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that all the temple,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1340.566,1341.895"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all that the model shows is that that's true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1341.895,1344.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It shows the effects of...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1344.88,1347.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You can simulate the effects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1347.08,1348.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of not having that kind of coordination.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1348.45,1351.267"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the effects are, you run out of water","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1351.267,1352.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the pests go crazy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1352.287,1353.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is what happened in the '70s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1353.94,1356.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Are the public officials trying to give some model","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1356.13,1359.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some kind of insurance controlled system,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1359.22,1362.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"apart from the social structure that existed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1362.11,1365.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, in a sense, they--","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1365.58,1366.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e It sounds like that's what the government officials 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it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1383.88,1385.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what it shows you is the importance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1385.64,1387.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the collective management system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1387.18,1389.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, you can't really operate it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1389.31,1391.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without seeing it, I 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reluctant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1395.52,1397.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do anything that could take apart","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1399.218,1401.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that system of collective management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1401.92,1404.309"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What we've just seen is the collective management","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1404.309,1405.768"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"does best in terms of management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1405.768,1407.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e The model is (indistinct) not a substitute","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1409.87,1413.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the social management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1413.64,1416.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Right, it just shows you the effects of a system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1416.58,1419.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of social management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1419.01,1419.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It can't replace that system of social management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1419.89,1422.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At least I hope that's right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1424.128,1426.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1426.76,1427.968"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(man speaking in the background)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1427.968,1432.051"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Green Revolution's happened in the last generation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1444.75,1447.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and if it hadn't, many people would starved probably","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1447.15,1451.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and now that's not an option anymore.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1451.46,1453.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, the Balinese population,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1453.61,1454.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the world population has doubled since the Green Revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1454.99,1457.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When Norman Borlaug got the Nobel prize","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1457.29,1459.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the Green Revolution in 1962, he said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1459.59,1461.707"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Well, what we're doing is buying a breathing space","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1461.707,1465.087"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"in which to find an honorable equation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1465.087,1467.617"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"between population growth and food supply.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1467.617,1470.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's now a generation later,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1470.15,1471.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Green Revolution has happened.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1471.82,1473.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To go back from it would mean,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1473.54,1475.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, we got new problems now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1476.706,1477.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The problems now are coping with the effect.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1477.89,1479.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Coping and in effect with the success","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1479.43,1481.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Green Revolution, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1481.01,1482.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Green Revolution has raised productivity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1482.58,1484.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it can't go on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1484.66,1486.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not gonna permit another doubling","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1486.25,1488.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of either food production or population, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1488.45,1492.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So now we're kind of forced.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1492.11,1493.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The problem now really is sustainable agriculture, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1493.96,1497.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1497.85,1498.807"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e It's an extension into his question","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1498.807,1500.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if this aquatic environment is supporting frogs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1500.81,1504.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and all kinds of things that they ate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1504.37,1505.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was disrupted by agrochemicals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1505.78,1507.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Are they still using the agrochemicals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1508.42,1509.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and is this still a problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1509.6,1512.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e It's much better now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1512.64,1514.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The government has decided","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1514.02,1516.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're no longer subsidizing pesticides.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1516.1,1518.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The fallowing period has now been adopted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1518.54,1520.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the government has recognized that that's a good idea.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1520.42,1522.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's now permissible to plant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1522.89,1525.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"native Balinese varieties of rice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1525.1,1527.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you also, it says, I was saying earlier","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1527.25,1529.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're worth much more in the market.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1529.29,1530.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People are still using fertilizers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1530.84,1532.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the Balinese farmers themselves","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1532.76,1534.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are kind of experimenting with how much fertilizer you need","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1534.07,1536.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make the system go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1536.83,1537.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the good thing that's happened","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1537.77,1539.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that this massive application","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1539.02,1540.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of organochloride pesticides has stopped.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1540.98,1543.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that was terrible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1543.27,1544.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, in the '70s, there was a world bank study","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1544.2,1546.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this use of pesticides that said that the Island","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1546.08,1548.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had been pervasively polluted with pesticides","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1548.4,1551.378"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the late '70s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1551.378,1552.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the end, they degrade","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1554.09,1555.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so that problem....","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1555.13,1558.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, we're on top of that problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1558.103,1559.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We, I mean Balinese are on top of that problem","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1559.7,1561.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1561.793,1562.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1563.99,1565.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e What kind of traditional government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1565.04,1566.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Balinese have passed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1566.91,1569.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct) mitigates today have become the blind king.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1569.463,1573.552"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If so, then if you have a ruler","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1573.552,1575.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who also impose temple system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1575.85,1578.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that also controls the irrigation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1578.13,1580.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then it's almost the ideal model","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1580.91,1583.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a real hydraulic society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1583.72,1586.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e No, I've just finished a book.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1586.32,1588.476"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It'll be out in the next month saying that that's not true.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1588.476,1591.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And why the reason it's not 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power","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1594.84,1597.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the water temple system was the part from kingship.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1597.99,1600.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's clear going 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it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1615.8,1616.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in fact, the system of Royal control never existed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1616.88,1620.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Dutch created a kind of a fairy tale model of 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rice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1709.66,1712.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But then you discover you didn't get enough water.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1712.1,1715.281"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The allocation of water became 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vegetables,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1760.14,1762.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whatever it may be in order to get the fallowing effect.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1762.56,1765.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But now it's 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clockwork,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1771.98,1773.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's just a system for management.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1773.19,1774.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so what in fact happens is they do alternate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1774.94,1777.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"depending partly on the price and whether they think","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1777.68,1780.337"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's gonna be a wet year or a dry year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1780.337,1782.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1784.35,1785.809"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I was just wondering how many decision makers in Jakarta","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1785.809,1790.219"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct) 'cause in the city, we've decided","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1790.219,1794.161"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which variety of rice we are going to plant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1794.161,1796.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So by introducing this kind of model,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1796.81,1798.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do yo have some idea what would greatly affect","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1798.96,1802.019"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this kind of model.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1802.019,1803.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I took it to the director of irrigation in Jakarta,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1803.76,1808.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they were interested in it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1808.91,1809.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I haven't sort of been back to see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1809.93,1811.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think if if we can show...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1811.94,1813.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What I want to do now is turn this whole modeling thing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1813.84,1816.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over to the students in Bali.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1816.97,1818.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And by the end of the summer, we will have done that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1818.28,1820.399"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then I think it's up to them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1820.399,1821.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are students from Udayana University","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1821.83,1823.521"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the Dean of the agronomy in Udayana.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1823.521,1826.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If they want to try it elsewhere,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1826.23,1828.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then that becomes their decision, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1828.4,1832.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1833.961,1835.401"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(woman speaking in the background)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1835.401,1839.651"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, no, it's just I have a lot of promises to fulfill.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1851.63,1854.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean that the hydrology department says,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1854.24,1857.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we need to do the hype...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1857.53,1859.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, I can quickly answer this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1859.07,1860.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe this is the last question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1860.25,1861.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For the hydrology department to do its job,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1861.44,1863.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it wants to know about the flow","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1863.3,1864.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from top to bottom in these rivers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1864.76,1866.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, the flow is going to depend on the cropping pattern","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1866.7,1868.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the rivers are always being used for irrigation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1868.95,1871.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So for them to do a good hydrological modeling job,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1871.7,1874.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they need to know cropping patterns.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1874.7,1875.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's what my students are doing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1875.99,1877.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It means that people need to put the data.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1877.29,1879.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, data has been gathered in lots of places","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1879.19,1882.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including Bali for a long time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1882.21,1883.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what's happened now is it's possible","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1883.75,1885.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to put that data together and to use it to say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1885.72,1887.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"okay we can actually do the hydrology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1887.8,1889.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because we were gonna know what the cropping pattern","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1889.31,1891.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and irrigation demands are for a whole section of rivers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1891.04,1893.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then on that basis, it becomes possible","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1893.6,1895.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to give useful advice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1895.56,1897.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or perhaps think about new irrigation systems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1897.67,1900.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean that the department of public works,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1900.01,1902.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're good hearted people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1902.57,1903.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they want to build irrigation systems that are helpful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1903.403,1905.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it may be possible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1905.76,1907.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is a tool that they can use, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1907.55,1909.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1909.75,1910.679"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(man speaking in the background)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1910.679,1914.762"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, yeah, in the end, I don't know how far.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1925.21,1929.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't wanna pretend that it's gonna work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1930.35,1932.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at Batu temple.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1932.38,1933.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It depends on whether some of the young priest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1933.61,1935.858"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are interested.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1935.858,1937.097"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it may be that that they may fit into the system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1937.097,1940.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't really know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1940.4,1941.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's an open question to me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1941.233,1942.455"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1942.455,1944.955"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e For gravity's sake.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1948.33,1949.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you'd like to move on, I'd like to thank you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1949.79,1951.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Lansing for coming here and giving us this lecture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1951.4,1955.978"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you'd like to, the next couple of minutes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1955.978,1957.418"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll be glad (indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1957.418,1958.966"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1958.966,1959.799"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(applause)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1959.799,1962.049"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I guess I should say if anybody's interested","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1964.27,1966.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the modeling that Mac user group has gotten involved...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=1966.05,1969.26"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26285/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/026/285/original/AV203999_The_Goddess_and_the_Computer_a.vtt?1620841499","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/026/285/original/AV203999_The_Goddess_and_the_Computer_a.vtt?1620841499"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26286","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203999_The_Goddess_and_the_Computer_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972/transcript/26286/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- is going to introduce our speaker.\r\n\r\n- Do I introduced Dr. Lansing to Iowa State University. He asked me to keep it brief. So that's what I'll try to do. Thumbnail sketch is he was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan. So he's basically a Midwestern person like many of us here. In 1972, he received his BA from in general studies at Wesleyan University. And in 1973, that's pretty quick, one year. He got his MBA in anthropology at University of Michigan and then again received his PhD at a University of Michigan. He's taught at the University of Wisconsin at Madison and he's currently the chair of the anthrop department at a University of Southern California. He is a member of our C card external advisory board and he spent the last 20 years off and on in Bali and he's returning to Bali next Wednesday. Some of the high points of his career is he was a research assistant for Clifford Geertz at the Institute of Advanced Study. And some of you may know Geertz's work on the Balinese cockfight, which does a lot with the symbolism. Some of the things that are analogous to what Dr Lansing's dealt with in this video that we saw. He was a Fulbright senior regional research fellowship for Southeast Asia, and he received the Phi Kappa Phi award for the three worlds of Bali. Publications range from the seminal publication, economic growth and the traditional society cautionary tale from Bali. This was in human organization to the extensive work in his book, \"The Three Worlds of Bali.\" He's done three ethnographic films, \"Three Worlds of Bali,\" \"Chiefs and Kings of Indonesia\" and \"The Goddess in the Computer,\" which we've just seen. Plus last but not least the Bali Notebook which is a development software which he's using right now for development in Bali. Please help me welcome Dr. Steven Lansing.\r\n\r\n- Thank you very much. And actually I'm among friends here. So what I propose to do is talk briefly about some of the issues in this project, which I hope will be of interest to some of you and to continue our collaborative exchanges. The problem with this film, of course is that it becomes a film about computers and it's very much about Bali. What I wanna do is try to put it in a different context. What we were really up to is looking at the effects of the Green Revolution, which is sort of a broader question. So let me say just a few words about that. And then I'd like to show you some slides and talk about what we were actually doing with that computer. I'm not sure that that's clear in the film, and where I think it's headed and what I think might be of interest to a fellow workers in these fields. So the Green Revolution happened in Bali very quickly. It happened in the space of about five years. The Balinese adopted high yielding varieties of rice over most of South Bali. And that meant a tremendous change in many areas. George Condominus wrote some years ago that agriculture always has both a social and the technical aspect or component. And I think we haven't paid very much attention to the social aspects of things like the Green Revolution. In the Balinese case, very briefly what happened was that the government of Indonesia set up a system of banking or the Bank Rakyat, the people's bank to furnish farmers with credits so that they could purchase agrochemicals and seed stocks. And they also set up a marketing system so that farmers could sell their rice, the high yielding varieties of rice back to the government. And finally farmers were encouraged, very strongly encouraged to plant high yielding varieties of rice as quickly as possible. Now, this is all was laudable and understandable at the time because Indonesia was facing famine. And in a sense, the Green Revolution was a tremendous success in all over Indonesia. It was able to push rice production up above the rate of population growth that's happened elsewhere in the world. But unfortunately the rate of increase of agrochemicals is the fastest curve of all. So what happened in Bali is that within the space with an eye blink of time, a system of collective management of irrigation rice terrace ecology was replaced by a system of essentially capitalist agriculture, by which I mean, each farmer was required or encouraged to plant rice as fast as possible, to purchase labor and seed stocks and agrochemicals to grow this rice and then just sell it on the market. So, as one farmer said to me in '78, \"You know, I'm not planting rice anymore, \"I'm planting motorcycles.\" Because he's planting rice to sell to buy motorcycles. So it meant that very quickly a system of collective management which you've just seen briefly outlined in that film was replaced by a kind of a free for all or what we would call like a capitalist system in which people competed for access to those materials and of course, also for water. As I was studying the traditional system of agriculture, I found after about a year that I was working in parallel with Balinese who were also trying to understand what had happened. There were reports from different regions of Bali of chaos in water distribution and explosions of pests. All sorts of things were going wrong very quickly and people had a hard time understanding what had happened. Balinese farmers were not against the Green Revolution, it was first of all portrayed as a patriotic duty. People needed food and it was very productive. If you could sell, when you sort of bought the package as you had to do, then you could make a lot more, you could turn rice into something that was a source of cash. So the reasons for its adoption were not so much, they were not government coercion, it was the attractiveness of the package. But it's a generation after the beginning of the Green Revolution. It's two decades after its onset Bali and we cope with a different set of circumstances now. That is that it's clear that what happened was that a traditional system of collective management was simply set aside briefly and in a way, it set in motion to kind of an experiment. I mean, what I saw when I happened to start studying this problem was the effects of this sudden shift when the collective system was no longer allowed to function. So I think it is a common problem because the Green Revolution happened in lots of places. And what the computer modeling was really about was exploring one question, which is what is the effect of the collective management system on the management of rice terrace ecology. We know that rice terraces are artificial ecosystems in the sense that they are human managed systems. And basically it's through the control of water that people control the growth of rice. The question was, what about the effect of these large scale systems of management which are implemented by the temple system? How much effect do they have on the management of the terrace ecology? In other words, at a different scale than the management of individual farmer, is there other real biological effects to systems of collective management? So the computer modeling project was concerned with trying to evaluate that question, right. Hooked up with Jim Cramer, who's a mathematical systems ecologist and a biological oceanographer had no business really working in Bali, except that rice patties, in a sense are aquatic ecosystems. So we framed it in that way and tried to understand what were the effects of human management on terrace ecology. So maybe if I could put the slides back down again, let me go through just a few slides with the lights rather. You've just endured an hour of film, so I'm gonna make this brief, but I'd like to explain what the underlying logic of this approach was to look at the relationship, the trade-off really between irrigation and pest control. Actually, you've also got this in the software, but you've seen in the film and here's the structure of the system, which is raised at the lines of the boundaries of catchment areas. The dark ones and the rivers, the little boxes are Subaks or irrigation areas, average size about 50 to 100 hectors. And these little Christmas trees are water tables. So our model was, first of all, a physical model how does the system work. We settled for a very straightforward mechanistic model of rainfall runoff relations from one region to the next. Secondly, we modeled various kinds of rice growth. We did that mechanistically just in terms of the... As long as porting to our model, as long as the rice has enough water, it will grow. And finally pest. Now the interesting point about the ecological modeling is that there is a trade off between the two constraints of water sharing and pest control. Water sharing constraints, as everybody plants rice at different times stagger the planting. So it was to divide up the water as much as possible, but that is in opposition to the pest control, which says the way the Balinese traditionally control pests is by having a fallow period. So the rice grows and the will grow as long as the rice is there for the day. But when you have a fallow period, the pest population will die. How effective that is depends upon the dispersal rates. In other words, the pest could move from field to field and it's only by having like this. So it's only by having a fallow period over a sufficiently large area that the fallowing will work to control pests. So those are opposing constraints. And what we're looking at in this model is what are the effects of different hierarchies or structures of cropping pattern on optimizing rice by optimizing those two conditions. So the model kind of looks like that and you've already seen it. Basically we do an annual model given certain assumptions, what are the effects. And what we're aiming for is a picture of what are the effects of this total system of coordination on rice production over these two rivers. So model looks at several different alternatives from everybody follows one cropping pattern over the whole system to each of those little Subaks in which there are 172 fallows its own. So we specify a range of different possibilities to say what's the optimum cropping pattern to optimize rice production by those two constraints. And it makes it possible to hold everything else constant, that is hold the biology constant, hold the physical system constant and evaluate only the effects of different kinds of levels of collective management. So let's see. Easy seem, let me just quickly get to the results. We're gonna look at the software present to those who are interested. So anybody who's really interested in the details of how it works, we'll get onto that eventually. These are just histograms so it makes it possible to compare the effects changes its cropping pattern what will be the effects on their downstream neighbors in changing them. The effects are gonna be different depending on the specific local conditions. Okay, I apologize for this slide, but here we see past loss according to how the scale of social coordination. In this case, each of the Subaks, each little unit sets its own property pattern and the effect is massive losses to pests. If the temples separate cropping patterns, then it's much reduced loss to pests. So that's one constraint. Water stress works the opposite way. That is, if the whole watershed has a single cropping pattern, then a lot of people are gonna run out of water because they're not divided enough to share it. But here you see that the temple set the cropping patterns, they do pretty well in terms of water stress. So overall balancing yield, balancing those constraints. The fact is that the temple's optimized rice production means they hit the highest yield by setting the optimum balance between water sharing and pest control. Finally, what we're up to now, the students, the Balinese have gotten interested in this as a tool. And the reason for their interest, it isn't well explained in the film, I think. Is that the Green Revolution has scrambled cropping patterns and past in ways that make it difficult for the traditional system of management to cope. There are new varieties of rice being planted all the time, there are new kinds of pests and it's hard to calculate the effects of these changes. It's a very tightly coupled system. We know enough about the hydrology to know it's very tightly coupled. And so it's a tough project to evaluate the effects of a change of cropping pattern on, let's say on three weirs. So this is Tutti, who's a Balinese student in the agronomy department. She and three of her colleagues had spent last year gathering the detailed ecological and social data on five rivers. It will be necessary to get a really precise result from our modeling. So here she is talking to one of the priest at the master water temple about the results. The hope is that if she is successful, we'll be able to, first of all, to model the effects of changes in cropping patterns. And secondly, that she may be able to use this as a way to get on top of the changes that have been set in motion by the Green Revolution. So the new data gathering system called the Subak information system is just a way of gathering data about different regions of Bali, gathering the kinds of data that would be needed for a more effective model. And it sort of looks like this. Basically, you just create an icon like one of this, this is a rainfall station and you can put what she does is to interview farmers and to try to get comparable data from each area so that in the end, this can be used as the basis for a new modeling project. One of the interesting results of that has been the hydrology department and the engineers have realized that a lot of their data isn't very good. The promise that we'll be able to give them tools that will enable them to do the modeling better has catalyzed a new interest among the public works people in getting accurate data, getting good hydrology. So this is the hydrology department working with my students, going back and measuring, again these flow rates so that you can begin to get that right. So here are these students. Then at the same time, they're also working with the water temple people in gathering the data. So here they are with the priest of one of the Masceti temples. Okay, that's the last slide. This is just a bicycle turning into a modus far. I have the slides up, rather have the lights up, please. Yes, please.\r\n\r\n- I'll ask the first one. How do you come back to the centralization of the control computers? How'd you make sure that the farmers are given the opportunity to actually use these for their own benefits.\r\n\r\n- Well, it's a little more complicated than we portrayed in the film. What we're trying to do now is the students have taken over this project. And in the end what will happen is there will be a computer that will be a source of data and modeling for everybody. Probably only one computer would be needed. And you turn it on and start to look at what it says, you'll be looking at water temples, you'd be looking at ecology, you'd be looking at hydrology and you'll be shown some of the interconnections a moment. So if anybody uses it, he's gonna see the system of indigenous knowledge. That's what's in the computer. And that I think is good in itself. There is how our next question, which is, can it actually be used for predicting results that are practical importance for farmers? And we don't know the answer to that yet. There's certainly a felt need among the farmers. If you get a group of people who are trying to set a cropping pattern for three weirs and a small change can mean that people cannot have enough water to fulfill that cropping pattern, it's very important to them. So it's worth doing this modeling because of the possibility. If it's accurate, it'll be very useful and the farmers will use it. There's no doubt of that. I mean, I'm working for them now. We sort of shifted from the scientific goals to trying to fulfill the promise to the Balinese, to turn this into something they can use.\r\n\r\n- I understand the value of using the computer model for teachers and society about the system. But given that ecological system is so integrated with the social system there, and the computers are such a goal you serve piece of technology in terms of what it does to social structure. discouraged by introducing it. That sounds like it might disrupt .\r\n\r\n- Well, as far as I was concerned, I wasn't really introducing computers. I was just modeling the effects of social control of these ecologies. It happened to be in a computer but really what I was trying to show is the effects of this difference between... What I was trying to show is that there is a social system that controls production and has important effects. And you need a computer to do that because of the complexity of the ecology. I mean, in other words, I already knew in 1983 that the water temples thought that they controlled rice terrace ecology. But what I didn't know was how much of that control had meaningful ecological effect and neither did they. You see, I mean, the water temple system evolved over centuries during a time when, as you know, when production of rice was based on energy from the sun. As soon as you start using agrochemicals and changing cropping patterns and using high-yielding varieties, then the old signs don't work anymore. You see, it's a very different ecology. An ecology based on agrochemicals is very different than the ecology that they had before 1970. And so they were at a loss just as I was to know what the effects would be. It could have been, for example Geertz could have been right. It could have been purely a ritualized system. It could have been a ritual clockwork. The best argument I had against the temples from an engineer was that this is a ritual clockwork and it's outmoded. Once you shift from old native varieties to high yielding varieties and agrochemicals, then the ritual clock goes out of phase. That's the question we were really trying to test. We were saying, is the temple of ritual clockwork or is it a system for social management that's site-specific and flexible? Yes. Well, that was a thing where he cooked up. What you've just seen is something, basically it's a simulation model deriving from systems ecology with a front end as it's called in HyperCard. We've just switched though to a GIS system called MIPS a geographic information system because that program had to be tailored made by a biologist for a particular river. It was a program in basic. If you wanna generalize this to other places, you can't have ecologists and anthropologists writing new programs in basic for every river. So we hope now to be able to do the same sorts of things using IBMs with garden variety software. Well the pictures are HyperCard, but the guts of it, I mean, the model itself is a program in basic. It's just that when that the program's finished its calculation then it comes out and what you see are graphs and pictures. Not to say that that's not important, but people can get the illusion that it's more than it is. It's just an illustration. Yes.\r\n\r\n- I was wondering what kind of information is the the model based on data that you collected experiments on individual blocks or so, and also to what degree, I guess does your models of effectiveness confirms, especially at the larger scale state when you look at a change in the water regulation in one of the temples.\r\n\r\n- We don't know how accurate it is because our first model was based on a year of historical data and we got nothing else to compare it with. But now the students are going back and getting another year of data or in some cases two years of data. And by a year of data, I mean, they actually go into every village, every Subak, every dam and every rainfall station and getting the cropping pattern and what kinds of pests were there and how fast they moved and weather insecticides, tremendous amount of site-specific data. Once we have all that and we've modeled it then we can test one year. We can test the model's predictions against a different year of historical data. And so in other words, by August we maybe begin to know how accurately it predicts these things that it predicts. Yes. Oh yeah, because what the bottle really shows is the importance of these collective systems of management. In other words, our water comes from the territory of some other village upstream and it's only because we cooperate with them and we get one third of the share and they get two thirds that we can make this system function. I think it's, in other words there are things that are specific to Balinese hydrology that would be different elsewhere. If the Balinese lived in China and had a great big river and we're sort of tapping out of the large river and there was plenty of water for everybody, you have very different constraints. Then you wouldn't have this hydrological connectivity problem. So what I'm saying is I think the topography of Bali makes social coordination essential and that all the temple, all that the model shows is that that's true. It shows the effects of... You can simulate the effects of not having that kind of coordination. And the effects are, you run out of water and the pests go crazy, which is what happened in the '70s.\r\n\r\n- Are the public officials trying to give some model some kind of insurance controlled system, apart from the social structure that existed.\r\n\r\n- Well, in a sense, they--\r\n\r\n- It sounds like that's what the government officials want Well, what we found is they say, okay, a system of control but then you turn it on and they begin to see. As soon as they actually start to use it, what it shows you is the importance of the collective management system. In other words, you can't really operate it without seeing it, I think. So that's what, I think it's the more they use it, the more they'll be reluctant to do anything that could take apart that system of collective management. What we've just seen is the collective management does best in terms of management.\r\n\r\n- The model is not a substitute for the social management.\r\n\r\n- Right, it just shows you the effects of a system of social management. It can't replace that system of social management. At least I hope that's right. Yes. The Green Revolution's happened in the last generation and if it hadn't, many people would starved probably and now that's not an option anymore. I mean, the Balinese population, the world population has doubled since the Green Revolution. When Norman Borlaug got the Nobel prize for the Green Revolution in 1962, he said, \"Well, what we're doing is buying a breathing space \"in which to find an honorable equation \"between population growth and food supply.\" It's now a generation later, the Green Revolution has happened. To go back from it would mean, I mean, we got new problems now. The problems now are coping with the effect. Coping and in effect with the success of the Green Revolution, I think. The Green Revolution has raised productivity but it can't go on. It's not gonna permit another doubling of either food production or population, I think. So now we're kind of forced. The problem now really is sustainable agriculture, I think. Yes.\r\n\r\n- It's an extension into his question if this aquatic environment is supporting frogs and all kinds of things that they ate was disrupted by agrochemicals. Are they still using the agrochemicals and is this still a problem.\r\n\r\n- It's much better now. The government has decided they're no longer subsidizing pesticides. The fallowing period has now been adopted as the government has recognized that that's a good idea. And it's now permissible to plant native Balinese varieties of rice. And you also, it says, I was saying earlier they're worth much more in the market. People are still using fertilizers, but the Balinese farmers themselves are kind of experimenting with how much fertilizer you need to make the system go. So the good thing that's happened is that this massive application of organochloride pesticides has stopped. And that was terrible. I mean, in the '70s, there was a world bank study of this use of pesticides that said that the Island had been pervasively polluted with pesticides by the late '70s. In the end, they degrade and so that problem.... I mean, we're on top of that problem. We, I mean Balinese are on top of that problem I think now. Yeah.\r\n\r\n- What kind of traditional government the Balinese have passed. mitigates today have become the blind king. If so, then if you have a ruler who also impose temple system that also controls the irrigation, then it's almost the ideal model of a real hydraulic society.\r\n\r\n- No, I've just finished a book. It'll be out in the next month saying that that's not true. And why the reason it's not true is that because of the the system of management by building up a power in the water temple system was the part from kingship. And that's clear going back. It's a long story, but it's clear going back as far as we know. So the Dutch, for example believed when they conquered Bali that they were going to restore an ancient system of Royal control that had fallen apart, they were gonna restore it. But in fact, the system of Royal control never existed. The Dutch created a kind of a fairy tale model of Kings and irrigation management, which had never existed before. In other words, they tried to recreate a feudal monarchy in Bali and pretend that that was indigenous. It was not indigenous and can be shown. Yes. Well, it had and it was this system of temple of collected management was so threatened that it could have collapsed. And I think the reason it didn't collapse is because people discover that they had to cooperate for hydrological reasons. If everybody planted their own rice at whatever time, for a little while, you could grow a lot of rice. But then you discover you didn't get enough water. The allocation of water became unpredictable. And so people were forced to go back to a system of cooperation. And that's meant then the threat the Green Revolution could have disempowered the temple system. And it did briefly, but they had to go back and reconstitute it in order to manage the rice terraces, I think. Yes, they've had to synchronize planning. So each Subak will have to collectively choose, but they do it in a democratic way what the cropping pattern will be. And everybody plants the same variety, same sequence you know, rice, second variety of rice, vegetables, whatever it may be in order to get the fallowing effect. But now it's possible. You see, they can plant Green Revolution rice or they can plant old Balinese rice. They can plan anything they want. It isn't a ritual clockwork, it's just a system for management. And so what in fact happens is they do alternate depending partly on the price and whether they think it's gonna be a wet year or a dry year. Yes.\r\n\r\n- I was just wondering how many decision makers in Jakarta 'cause in the city, we've decided which variety of rice we are going to plant. So by introducing this kind of model, do yo have some idea what would greatly affect this kind of model.\r\n\r\n- Well, I took it to the director of irrigation in Jakarta, and they were interested in it, but I haven't sort of been back to see. I think if if we can show... What I want to do now is turn this whole modeling thing over to the students in Bali. And by the end of the summer, we will have done that. And then I think it's up to them. These are students from Udayana University and the Dean of the agronomy in Udayana. If they want to try it elsewhere, then that becomes their decision, I think. Yes. Well, no, it's just I have a lot of promises to fulfill. I mean that the hydrology department says, we need to do the hype... Okay, I can quickly answer this, maybe this is the last question. For the hydrology department to do its job, it wants to know about the flow from top to bottom in these rivers. Okay, the flow is going to depend on the cropping pattern because the rivers are always being used for irrigation. So for them to do a good hydrological modeling job, they need to know cropping patterns. And that's what my students are doing. It means that people need to put the data. I mean, data has been gathered in lots of places including Bali for a long time. But what's happened now is it's possible to put that data together and to use it to say, okay we can actually do the hydrology because we were gonna know what the cropping pattern and irrigation demands are for a whole section of rivers. And then on that basis, it becomes possible to give useful advice or perhaps think about new irrigation systems. I mean that the department of public works, they're good hearted people and they want to build irrigation systems that are helpful. So it may be possible. This is a tool that they can use, I think. Yes. Well, yeah, in the end, I don't know how far. I don't wanna pretend that it's gonna work at Batu temple. It depends on whether some of the young priest are interested. And it may be that that they may fit into the system. I don't really know. That's an open question to me.\r\n\r\n- For gravity's sake. If you'd like to move on, I'd like to thank you, Dr. Lansing for coming here and giving us this lecture. And if you'd like to, the next couple of minutes, I'll be glad .\r\n\r\n- Thank you. I guess I should say if anybody's interested in the modeling that Mac user group has gotten involved...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/41108/file/112972#t=0.0,1973.112"}]}]}]}