{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/696zw19525/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Dykstra, Robert R., Bright Radical Star"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV203940 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Bright Radical Star is a September 13, 1990 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring Robert Dykstra. Robert Dykstra discusses African American civil rights in 19th century Iowa.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. (accessibility)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Local Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["Lectures_AV203940"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["Per request by the creator, access to this item is restricted to scholarly use only. (access)","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."]}},{"label":{"en":["Preferred Citation"]},"value":{"en":["Bright Radial Star Gender Politics and Goddess. Iowa State University Lecture Series (RS 8/6/53). Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Ark"]},"value":{"en":["https://n2t.net/ark:/87292/w9kw57p7p"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1990-09-13"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["lectures","Sound"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Dykstra, Robert R., 1930- (speaker)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1/4 inch audio cassette"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Race relations","African Americans--Civil rights","African Americans--Legal status, laws, etc."]}},{"label":{"en":["Coverage"]},"value":{"en":["19th century (temporal)","Iowa (spatial)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Committee on Lectures records (RS 8/6/53) (physical collection)","Iowa State Lectures Series (digital collection)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Bright Radical Star is a September 13, 1990 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring Robert Dykstra. Robert Dykstra discusses African American civil rights in 19th century Iowa.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines."]},"requiredStatement":{"label":{"en":["Attribution"]},"value":{"en":["Per request by the creator, access to this item is restricted to scholarly use only.","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. In addition, no permission is required from the rights-holder(s) for educational uses. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s)."]}},"provider":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["Iowa State University"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["Iowa State University"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/115/534/small/lecture.png?1622140611","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 2 - AV203940_Bright_Radial_Star_Gender_Politics_and_Goddess_a.mp3"]},"duration":2745.768,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/115/534/small/lecture.png?1622140611","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/115/534/original/AV203940_Bright_Radial_Star_Gender_Politics_and_Goddess_a.mp3?1622140611","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":2745.768,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203940_Bright_Radial_Star_Gender_Politics_and_Goddess_a.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e And by that I mean black equality,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2.424,5.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and by that I mean black equality before the law.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=5.32,9.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That encounter, which is really unknown to the world","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=10.31,15.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of historians as well as everyone else,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=15.71,18.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it turns out is far more controversial.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=18.86,21.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the world of scholarship at least","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=22.59,24.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then most Iowan's themselves are up to imagine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=24.29,27.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'd like to tell you about that tonight,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=27.87,30.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I guess having given various versions of this talk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=30.7,35.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and such widely spread out places as,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=35.67,40.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"New Orleans and in Boston, Massachusetts,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=43.38,45.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm kinda interested in what an audience","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=45.86,49.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of contemporary Iowan's have to think about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=49.21,54.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowa's a frontier era lasted nearly half a century","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=55.6,59.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this makes it somewhat unique","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=59.72,61.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the history of American States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=61.93,63.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and territories from 1833 to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=64.78,68.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when it was opened to general settlement,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=68.16,70.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the way to 1880.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=70.71,73.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When the last farmers overran the areas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=73.26,78.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the far Northwest corner","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=80.41,82.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this particular State.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=82.25,84.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's a period of almost 50 years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=84.25,86.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it was during this period that Iowan's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=86.54,90.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"coped with the question of black civil equality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=90.84,95.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowan's we're not yet Iowan's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=95.48,98.465"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the 20th century sense of that term","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=98.465,100.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that is important to remember it seems to me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=100.8,103.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they were still in varying degrees,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=103.09,105.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"New Englanders, New Yorkers, Pennsylvanians and Ohioans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=106.94,111.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they were Southerner's from particularly from Virginia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=111.97,116.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and but also from Maryland and North Carolina,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=116.44,120.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they were immigrants from Ireland","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=120.26,123.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and from Germany and from Scandinavia.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=123.14,126.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so in a sense they were not Iowan's,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=126.0,129.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as perhaps you are and as I am,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=132.2,135.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have been living in Massachusetts for the last 10 years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=135.72,139.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I will always I guess now be an Iowan","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=139.34,144.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this is the sense that one gets in studying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=144.57,147.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the history of Iowa in the 1840s and 1850s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=147.9,151.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people were still New Englanders, New Yorkers and so forth","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=151.54,155.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that someone comes up to Thomas Wentworth","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=155.02,157.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or what William Wentworth whatever his name was Rogers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=157.18,160.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and up in the one of the Northern counties","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=160.3,164.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and says, \"I'm a Democrat, but I'm going to vote for you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=164.1,167.847"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"because you're a Yankee.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=167.847,169.427"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that people were still reflecting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=170.33,172.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their ethnic cultural background,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=172.46,174.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even though they were out here west of the Mississippi.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=174.7,177.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And once they got here to this place,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=177.84,179.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they had to at least the adult white males among them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=179.91,184.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had to work out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=184.95,186.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they had to devise a common polity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=187.876,190.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that among other things arranged the terms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=190.4,193.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for racial relations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=193.01,195.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And these terms themselves","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=196.96,198.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"became increasingly salient political issues","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=198.83,202.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the 1840s and the 1850s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=202.6,205.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in those years in the other words those decades","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=205.54,207.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just before the Civil War.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=207.51,209.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It will be objected of course as audiences always do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=209.55,213.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when I bring up this subject,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=213.04,214.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, how could blacks, how could African Americans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=216.56,220.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have been an issue at Iowa?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=220.92,222.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There have never been African Americans living in Iowa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=224.846,228.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how could they have become an important issue?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=228.51,231.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, and there are several answers for this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=231.37,233.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First of all,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=233.58,234.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there is an analogy here that I think is important,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=235.28,238.285"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were virtually no slaves in Iowa either.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=238.285,241.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although, of course slavery","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=241.91,244.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as everywhere in the Nation of the 1850s","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=244.87,248.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"became the important issue,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=248.7,251.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially as the Civil War approached","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=251.13,253.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the first years of the 1860s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=253.67,257.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that even though there were no,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=257.43,259.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were some slaves in Dubuque in 1840,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=259.51,262.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were people holding slaves","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=262.31,264.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and who admitted to holding them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=264.03,265.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, basically the Iowa territorial state","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=265.62,269.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"knew nothing of slavery, but slavery became an issue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=269.49,272.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In much the same way that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=274.12,276.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the civil liberties and rights of blacks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=276.0,278.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could become an issue whether or not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=278.15,280.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was a very large black presence in a state like this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=280.18,283.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And second, the rights and privileges of African Americans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=285.04,288.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"proved to be an issue in every Northern state,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=288.57,291.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in every Northern state","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=291.23,293.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the way to Oregon territory","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=293.28,295.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Maine and New Hampshire and Connecticut.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=295.4,298.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That to say nothing of New York and Massachusetts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=299.05,302.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and New Jersey and Ohio and Illinois and Indiana","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=302.01,305.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Wisconsin and Minnesota,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=305.53,307.594"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all states of the union and territories,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=307.594,310.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"California for example,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=310.85,312.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all had to face the issue of coming to terms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=312.77,316.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the prospect of black civil equality","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=316.38,319.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in all states except in the South itself,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=322.359,326.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"blacks were very much of a minority,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=326.17,328.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is to say there were no blacks anywhere","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=328.47,330.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"outside of the South","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=330.94,332.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and most Northern or Western State except New Jersey,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=332.22,336.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did blacks makeup as much as 3% of any population you see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=336.75,341.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So outside of the South","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=342.19,343.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were virtually no African Americans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=343.9,346.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So when you say, well, why was Connecticut racist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=348.618,351.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Iowa was relatively progressive,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=351.21,354.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you see, it doesn't hinge","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=354.35,355.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on whether Iowa had more blacks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=355.61,357.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or Connecticut had more blacks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=357.84,359.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something else is operating there you see,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=359.21,361.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something else is operating.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=361.51,363.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now pioneer Iowan's like Midwestern has generally reacted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=363.52,366.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not to the fact of a black presence,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=366.57,368.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they reacted to the threat of a black presence,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=368.89,372.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they reacted to the threat of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=372.13,374.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By the 1850s, Iowan's who feared this possibility","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=374.3,379.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a black presence, need only look across","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=379.08,381.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their Southern border where lived 115,000 slaves","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=381.31,385.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"scattered across Northern or middle part of Missouri,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=385.89,390.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the way from Illinois to Kansas,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=391.94,395.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about to within the 30 to 50 miles of the Hawkeye line.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=395.42,400.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In about the same proportion to whites","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=402.12,404.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this part of Missouri,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=404.35,406.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as one would find in those days in say Western Kentucky","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=406.17,409.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or on the Eastern Shore of Maryland.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=409.93,411.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there was a black presence that was relatively close,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=413.0,416.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as such as the black presence was close in Ohio","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=417.352,419.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Pennsylvania and Illinois and Indiana.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=419.75,422.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A faceless theme of Iowa's racist editor's and politicians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=423.82,428.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both before and after emancipation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=428.51,430.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was therefore that the most dramatic consequence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=430.59,434.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of legislating racial equality of any kind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=434.97,438.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would be a population in rush from Missouri's black belt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=438.25,442.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we allow them to have civil rights here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=442.83,445.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as they would put it, all the broken down slaves of Missouri","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=447.43,451.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will come here to live and we really want to have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=451.2,455.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all of those people on a welfare rolls.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=455.24,457.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is a very modern kind of argument,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=458.68,460.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"modern in the sense one heard that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=461.7,463.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the middle of the 20th century as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=463.64,466.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now partly in consequence, Iowas original Black Code","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=466.36,471.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"proved to have been as harsh","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=472.54,474.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as that at any Antebellum Free State,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=474.13,476.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"statutory law banned interracial marriage,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=476.2,478.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it excluded blacks from public welfare benefits,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=478.98,482.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it excluded black children from the public school,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=482.07,484.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it disallowed black testimony and litigation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=486.36,488.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"involving whites was important,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=488.72,490.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not as important 'cause it's unequal access","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=490.51,493.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the court system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=493.77,494.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It required all black residents,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=498.05,500.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, it did not allow blacks to practice law for example,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=500.1,503.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it required all black residents","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=503.87,506.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to register with the local authorities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=506.52,508.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and post bond for good behavior","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=508.35,510.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this was later done away with,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=510.73,512.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but unfortunately replaced by an outright exclusion law","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=512.98,517.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"entirely banning non white immigration","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=517.54,520.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into the Hawkeye State.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=520.56,521.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The first so called Black Exclusion law to be passed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=521.67,525.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the 19th century.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=525.64,528.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There had been Black Exclusion Laws","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=528.31,529.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Northern states before","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=529.85,531.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Massachusetts and New Jersey,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=531.08,533.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but those had been done away with,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=533.46,535.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowas was the first to be passed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=535.31,537.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the Civil War approached.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=537.64,540.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this you see was a very reactionary place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=540.0,543.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with respect to the civil equality of blacks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=543.4,547.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Construction of this Black Code","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=547.3,548.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"took almost 25 years, from 1838 to 1851.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=548.98,552.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's dismantling in contrast lasted until 1880","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=552.83,556.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the important aspects of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=556.95,558.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the building and dismantling process,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=558.95,562.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"while there are two of them that are worthy of note","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=563.32,565.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I'll quickly tell you about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=565.51,567.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First is the matter of periodization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=567.47,570.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The years of the Black Codes enactment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=570.39,572.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"coincides with a reactionary","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=573.4,575.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Democratic Political of Germany in Iowa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=575.02,578.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Democrats were the bad guys in early Iowa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=579.89,584.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it is a product of their political leadership","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=591.264,594.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that one can describe most of this legislation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=594.32,599.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this constitutional law.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=599.37,601.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In contrast, the period of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=601.92,603.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the destruction of this Black Code","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=603.38,604.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mainly coincided with hegemony of Iowa's Republican Party,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=604.94,609.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which began in 1854 as an anti Nebraska coalition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=609.13,613.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Free-Soilers most of this Free-Soilers in Iowa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=613.7,616.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was untrue elsewhere most the Free-Soilers in Iowa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=619.37,621.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"virtually all of them were old evolutionist and very radical","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=621.92,626.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and together with Whigs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=626.27,628.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"almost no Democrats tended to be part of this Iowa coalition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=628.42,632.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that formed the republican party here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=632.51,634.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This Republican Party came to dominate Iowa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=634.56,637.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as thoroughly as the Democrats had ruled it before that day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=637.7,640.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The significance of this is that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=641.771,643.229"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the most important policy battles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=643.229,645.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over black equality occurred not between","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=645.12,647.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Democrats and the Republicans but within,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=647.84,650.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first within the Whig Party","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=650.22,651.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then within the Anti Nebraska Coalition itself,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=651.88,655.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then within the Republican Party,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=655.62,657.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was no good trying to talk to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=661.09,664.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a pre-Civil War Democrat about black equality,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=664.41,667.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these arguments had to go on within","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=667.38,670.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what was of a progressive constituency.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=670.39,675.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Democrats always serving as ideological caretakers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=675.05,678.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the most rigidly conservative policy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=678.54,680.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"alternatives at any given moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=680.9,682.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that's the first thing about this periodisation business.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=684.05,686.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Second, destruction of the Iowa Black Code","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=686.84,690.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was accomplished in various formats","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=690.07,692.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in legislative assemblies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=692.24,694.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Constitutional Convention of 1857","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=694.13,697.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in state Supreme Court decisions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=698.52,700.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and most extraordinarily in three popular referendums","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=700.31,704.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that were held on equal rights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=704.76,706.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at roughly decade length intervals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=706.66,708.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at politically strategic moments in the nation's history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=708.55,711.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is to say, in Iowa, it was a very unusual case,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=711.85,716.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in that everybody voted on how they felt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=716.87,721.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the black equality","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=721.04,722.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that is how Public Policy was made.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=722.48,726.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they voted, Iowan's did it three different times","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=726.35,729.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the eve of the Civil War,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=729.28,731.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the very early years of reconstruction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=731.8,735.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and at the onset of post reconstruction normalcy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=735.87,739.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that they come in more or less decade length periods,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=740.3,745.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're divided by about 10 years, each of these.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=747.291,750.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now perhaps the main challenge presented by the Iowa case","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=750.68,753.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to explain how a voting population","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=753.8,757.097"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this was long before female suffrage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=757.097,759.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we're talking here about the 340,000 white male","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=759.93,764.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or excuse me, we're talking about 340,000 male,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=765.39,769.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"adult male citizens of the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=769.37,772.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How did this 300 empowered majority of this 340,000,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=772.72,777.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could twice have given referendum majorities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=777.37,782.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the idea of black equality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=782.16,784.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is to say, how they could have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=784.89,788.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"voted in favor of equal rights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=788.48,791.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Such successes are absolutely unprecedented","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=793.72,796.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the history of race relations in America","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=796.99,799.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is this sort of thing did not happen","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=799.38,801.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anywhere else except right here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=801.31,803.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And unless this two cases","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=804.86,808.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the majority for equal rights can be explained,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=808.1,811.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowa must remain rather mysteriously","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=811.66,814.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what Jean H. Baker, historian calls, \"The exception.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=814.66,819.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And historians abhor this kind of mysteries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=822.9,826.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some of us wanna find out what really went on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=826.82,829.207"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and how such a thing could be explained","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=829.207,832.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and let me do a little of that this evening.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=832.02,833.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let's start with just the facts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=833.88,836.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In August of 1857,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=839.316,840.949"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowan's first went to the polls","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=840.949,842.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they made their preferences known about equal suffrage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=842.53,845.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is allowing African-Americans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=845.21,847.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to have the vote to participate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=847.14,849.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the electoral franchise,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=849.79,851.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to hold the electoral franchise participate in the vote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=851.47,855.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were two dozen or so of these held around the country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=856.94,860.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the years towards the site of the Civil War","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=860.91,863.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and of all of those two dozen or so,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=863.48,865.813"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the defeat of equal suffrage in Iowa in 1857,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=867.41,872.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was one of the two worst on records,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=872.0,873.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"only 10% of the voters of the state","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=873.97,878.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"favored equal rights in 1857, only 10%.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=878.38,883.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this as I say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=883.8,884.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is one of the two worst referendum defeats","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=884.93,887.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this kinds of civil rights issue on record.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=887.53,890.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, 11 years later 1868.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=892.0,896.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowan's again go to the polls,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=896.64,898.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they again are asked to vote on how they feel","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=898.35,901.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about blacks being admitted to the electoral franchise,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=901.51,905.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this time their yes percentage soared to 57%","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=905.55,910.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is over a majority reflecting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=910.21,913.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this was the first time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=913.04,915.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a civil right's proposition in American history","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=915.35,918.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had gained such a majority in any state","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=918.32,921.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where voters knew exactly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=921.32,922.874"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what they were voting for or against,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=922.874,925.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where the issue was very clear.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=925.07,926.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is an issue about the rights of black people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=926.77,930.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you can vote Yes or No, on it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=930.45,933.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this was the only place","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=933.52,934.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was ever presented in that manner","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=934.42,937.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the majority voted Yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=937.07,939.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is to bring African American residents","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=939.43,944.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into the political process.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=944.78,946.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"12 years after that, 1880,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=948.13,950.571"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowan's went to the polls a third time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=950.571,952.325"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make their preferences known","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=952.325,954.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on opening the General Assembly to black.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=954.07,958.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Equal rights, this third time won by a landslide","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=958.48,961.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"64% of the ballots cast 64%,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=961.59,964.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's a landslide as political scientists","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=964.7,968.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and political students have calculated such things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=968.36,970.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And thus you see in just a matter of 23 years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=971.93,975.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about a generation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=975.45,977.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a large populations positive attitude","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=977.49,980.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and matter of racial equality","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=980.13,981.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had risen by a phenomenal 54% points,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=981.87,985.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a truly colossal political achievement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=985.96,989.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, it's my judgment that most of the explanation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=990.63,994.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for this achievement has to do with the behavior","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=994.32,997.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Hawkeye State's Republican Party","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=997.88,1000.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for which the Civil War era was truly it's heroic age.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1000.26,1004.767"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When's the last time you heard something (indinstinctive)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1005.696,1010.696"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's see, oh we have to turn lights on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1014.43,1018.537"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e (indistinctive)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1018.537,1021.207"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh there we go, that's a little better,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1021.207,1023.504"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not too much better","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1023.504,1024.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can you see it at all back there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1024.49,1027.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"George can you see that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1027.41,1028.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I can see.\nOkay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1028.243,1029.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll go back to my script.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1031.737,1033.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is table one","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1035.76,1036.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and these data are derived from a technique","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1036.87,1039.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"called Multiple Ecological Regression","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1039.02,1041.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has to do with a lot of complicated computer aided stuff.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1041.4,1046.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in this case it helps provide estimates","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1046.01,1049.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of how Republicans and Democrats behave,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1049.86,1052.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the three equal rights referendums.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1052.67,1056.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Iowa elections implied in these regressions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1056.02,1058.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are listed at the bottom of the table,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1058.54,1060.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as you can see, who is a Republican or a Democrat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1060.92,1063.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is determined by how Iowan's voted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1063.56,1065.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in an immediately adjacent to partisan election.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1065.98,1070.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the 1857 Republicans for example,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1070.82,1074.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the 1857 Republicans are referenced,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1075.065,1080.065"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these are the three referendum you see","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1082.395,1085.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"here's how the Republican voted,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1085.38,1086.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and here's how the Democrats voted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1086.583,1087.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When we decide who was Republican,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1088.9,1090.637"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what we have to do is we for 1857,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1090.637,1091.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we use those who voted for John Charles Frémont in 1856,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1093.72,1097.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is how Republicans identified","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1097.643,1099.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this series of regressions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1099.98,1102.852"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1868 we use who voted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1102.852,1106.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the Republican Gubernatorial Candidate 1867 year before","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1106.18,1111.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the 1880 I have used here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1111.408,1113.908"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"those who voted for the Republican candidate 1879.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1117.73,1120.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, there are four possible positions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1123.01,1125.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anybody can take on one of these equal rights referendum,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1125.9,1130.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you can vote yes that is your in favor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1131.13,1133.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of many blacks to the electoral franchise(indistinctive),","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1133.45,1137.227"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"black adult males with the electoral franchise,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1139.83,1143.392"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or you can vote No you are against it, you can roll off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1143.392,1146.536"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know what rolling off is?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1146.536,1148.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that means that you came to the polls that day","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1148.62,1150.375"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you were there at the election,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1150.375,1152.377"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you were there to cast out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1152.377,1154.829"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for your political candidate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1154.829,1157.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or for some other reference issue,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1157.1,1159.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but when it came to the question of equal rights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1159.43,1162.525"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you refuse to vote it on you cast on the box,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1162.525,1165.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you did not cast the ballot at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1165.21,1167.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then not voting,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1167.01,1168.498"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"most people would just stay home that day,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1168.498,1170.467"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they were qualified voters,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1170.467,1172.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they did not turn out to vote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1172.49,1174.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then all of these percentages are calculated in terms","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1174.987,1178.712"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of what are the estimate is all of the calculated votes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1178.712,1182.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of all of the eligible voters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1182.65,1184.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the 100% is even those people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1184.89,1187.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that should have voted that day","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1187.13,1189.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they didn't bother to turnout.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1189.14,1190.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The same thing, of course,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1190.163,1192.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the Democrats here at 1857, 1868, 1880 in both cases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1192.13,1196.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If I stick to my script,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1200.27,1201.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I won't bore you overly long with these things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1201.9,1206.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You have observed that among Republicans,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1208.4,1210.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the most notable change between 1857","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1210.57,1213.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and 1868 was a dramatic enlargement of the Yes vote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1213.24,1217.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the Yes percentage then swamped in 1888,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1217.48,1220.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"downturn reflected not an increased No vote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1220.23,1223.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or in more Republicans failing to turn out at the poll,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1223.45,1226.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but rather in a swollen roll off","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1226.28,1228.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is, when Republicans claimed the 1880,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1228.01,1233.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the majority, or a large number of Republicans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1233.44,1237.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"simply did not vote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1237.84,1240.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did not choose to cast the ballot either way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1240.08,1242.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when they came to that particular question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1242.25,1244.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Among Democrats, it's a little more easily generalized about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1247.28,1252.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"virtually none of them ever voted Yes, on equal rights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1253.97,1257.566"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The most dramatic change among Democrats","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1257.566,1260.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a huge drop and no ballots between 1868 and 1880,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1260.02,1263.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a shift that corresponded to an identical rise and roll off","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1263.76,1267.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than a No vote or rather than a Yes vote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1267.38,1271.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is Democrats for some reason","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1271.09,1273.695"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I'll tell you a little bit about it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1273.695,1275.292"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they've stopped voting No but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1275.292,1276.808"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that doesn't mean they're gonna vote Yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1276.808,1278.455"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you see they're just not gonna vote at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1278.455,1280.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But these changes suggest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1280.79,1282.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the specific content of each referendum was different","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1282.57,1285.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that is indeed what the case was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1285.86,1288.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these referendum were not all held in the same circumstances","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1290.91,1294.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Back in 1857, Iowa's Republican Party","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1294.99,1297.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was running scared, its leaders were primarily concerned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1297.41,1300.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with attaining popular ratification,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1300.12,1302.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against considerable Democratic opposition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1302.78,1305.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a new state constitution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1305.0,1306.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that most importantly would permit banking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1306.6,1309.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be carried on in the state of Iowa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1309.21,1311.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Banking, now you have to be a little careful a little bit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1311.74,1315.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but essentially conventional banking as we know","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1315.89,1318.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was not legal in the state of Iowa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1318.35,1321.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that was seen to be such an important issue","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1321.55,1323.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the republican party","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1323.96,1325.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it wanted to change the Iowa constitution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1325.3,1327.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to allow banking that's mainly why,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1327.44,1329.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everybody gathered in 1857 to rewrite that organic document,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1330.94,1335.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then they rewrote that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1339.041,1341.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and put banking into the new constitution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1341.51,1343.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then proposition one in August of 1857","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1343.57,1347.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a Yes or No, on the constitution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1347.25,1349.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the new Constitution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1349.76,1350.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Republican leaders had tried to keep equal suffrage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1353.06,1356.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out of the whole thing, because they feared","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1356.47,1360.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that if an equal suffrage referendum","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1360.03,1362.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was also included on the ballot,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1362.3,1363.749"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this would cause the constitution to be turned down.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1363.749,1367.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But a few radical Republicans of minor stature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1367.63,1370.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within the party forced its inclusion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1370.73,1373.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the ballot as proposition two,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1373.23,1375.584"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so proposition one was Yes or No on the Constitution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1375.584,1378.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"proposition two was Yes or No on equal suffrage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1378.45,1382.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In response, Iowa's Democrats seize the occasion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1383.14,1385.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to argue falsely that the triumph","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1385.53,1387.213"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the new constitution would also mean the imposition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1387.213,1390.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of equal suffrage as well as integrated public school,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1390.21,1393.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and all sorts of other things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1393.29,1396.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As democratic rhetoric became ever more shrill,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1396.14,1398.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Republican newspaper editors","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1398.6,1400.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and other party spokesman increasingly assured readers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1400.21,1403.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and auditors that Black Suffrage was not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1403.18,1405.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a republican sponsored or endorsed proposition,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1405.68,1408.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is to say, the Republican Party","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1408.033,1409.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"washed it's hands of the proposal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1409.83,1412.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and said look, we didn't do it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1412.3,1415.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Just a bunch of kind of,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1415.06,1416.615"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some radicals put it on, gotten on the ballot,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1416.615,1420.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but we don't, hold ourselves responsible for it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1420.43,1424.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and if you're Republican,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1424.47,1425.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you don't have to vote for it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1425.303,1426.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just because the Democrats say","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1426.88,1430.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the Republicans did that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1430.02,1431.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this was a political orphan","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1431.67,1436.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and nobody voted for it only about 8200 voters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1437.53,1442.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"presumably hardcore ideological,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1444.047,1447.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"egalitarian probably abolitionist,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1447.04,1449.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Republicans supported proposition two","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1449.41,1452.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it went down as an equal rights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1452.07,1455.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"disaster of only 10% support.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1455.06,1458.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, 1860 things have changed considerably,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1459.462,1462.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had they not there'd been a Civil War.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1462.11,1464.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And once again, a radical Republican minority had forced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1465.1,1469.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Iowa party to confront the issue of equal rights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1469.28,1473.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and specifically equal suffrage in this case,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1473.54,1476.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in part as a response to effective lobbying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1476.38,1478.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the state small black community,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1478.64,1480.019"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which at that time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1480.019,1481.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was headquartered in the city of Muscatine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1481.63,1485.756"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and its nucleus was in a circle around","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1485.756,1490.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a brilliant black political leader","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1490.08,1495.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"named Alexander Clark, for whom there is now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1495.18,1498.617"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something of an appropriate memorial in that town.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1498.617,1502.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Alexander Clark who came to Iowa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1502.12,1505.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and its territorial period","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1505.25,1507.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and stayed here, through most of his life","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1507.49,1509.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and agitated, facelessly, for the equality of black Iowans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1509.73,1514.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he died as the diplomatic envoy to Liberia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1519.127,1522.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I believe it was 1891.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1526.6,1528.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in any event this time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1529.54,1531.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the radicals constituted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1531.7,1532.581"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what might be thought of as a critical mess","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1532.581,1534.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"no longer in 1868,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1534.78,1535.842"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where they just a little minority","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1535.842,1537.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the abolitionists this time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1537.713,1540.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they had all sorts of big guns on their side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1540.76,1544.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They included practically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1545.32,1546.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the entire extra amount of elected state officials,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1546.51,1549.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Governor of Iowa, the Lieutenant Governor of Iowa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1549.24,1551.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Secretary of State,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1551.89,1553.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the auditor, the Superintendent of Public Constructions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1553.01,1555.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all of these men were committed radicals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1555.57,1558.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you see on the question of black equality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1558.34,1561.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is to say they were outspokenly in favor of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1561.09,1566.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And virtually all of the Republicans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1566.28,1568.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"running to succeed this slate of individuals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1568.58,1572.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were also on record as being in favor of it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1572.413,1576.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then they radicals included","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1576.19,1578.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such top political professionals as Jacob Richten","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1578.42,1581.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and James S Clarkson,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1581.78,1584.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Judge C.C Cole of the Iowa Supreme Court","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1584.09,1586.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"boasted of having been probably","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1586.76,1588.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the first man of influence in the state","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1588.96,1590.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to put himself publicly on record","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1590.67,1592.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in favor of equal rights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1592.75,1594.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Congressman Hiram Price,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1594.5,1596.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who is perhaps the state's leading banker","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1596.82,1598.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and railroad capitalist,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1598.85,1600.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"almost single handedly pushed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1600.47,1602.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an equal suffrage plank through the 1865 republican","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1602.7,1606.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"state convention in Des Moines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1606.45,1608.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that plank was championed by Hol Houston","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1608.45,1611.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very prestigious Civil War military figures","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1611.11,1614.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ranging from Major Henry O'Connor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1614.02,1617.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Colonel Alonzo Abernethy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1617.21,1619.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Generals Marcellus M. Crocker","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1619.47,1622.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the famous Crocker Brigade,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1622.39,1624.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the Iowa Brigade sometimes it's called","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1624.65,1627.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Grenville M. Dodge,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1627.13,1628.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one of Grant's important subsidiary military Commanders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1628.74,1633.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By 1868 even such racial conservatives","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1639.34,1641.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as US senators James Harlan and Samuel J. Kirkwood,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1641.89,1644.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had clambered aboard the equal rights bandwagon,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1644.9,1648.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Iowa's republican rank and file","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1648.23,1650.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the egalitarian promoting of such","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1650.64,1652.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"respected leaders reverberated with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1652.98,1654.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the preemptive authority of higher law.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1654.98,1657.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Beginning in 1865, then Iowa's Republican Party","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1659.03,1661.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"supported equal rights as an expression","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1661.82,1665.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both of simple justice to black Iowans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1665.0,1667.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and as a response to the duty","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1667.36,1669.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"laid upon all Iowan's by congressional Republicans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1669.89,1673.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this is important,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1673.08,1674.497"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because these congressional Republicans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1675.97,1677.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were at that moment calling for equal suffrage in the South,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1677.323,1681.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the only means of consolidating","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1681.72,1683.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Confederacy's demise.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1683.54,1684.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The only way we're gonna keep those Confederate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1684.81,1687.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where we put them on the battlefield","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1687.13,1689.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to invest the adult black males of the South","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1689.5,1694.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the right to vote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1694.98,1697.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it was said, \"We cannot force the South","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1697.09,1701.077"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"to admit blacks to the privilege of voting,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1701.077,1705.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"unless, of course, we have already done such a thing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1705.287,1710.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"in all of our Northern states.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1710.677,1712.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Unfortunately, as National Democrat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1712.53,1715.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Republican conservatives","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1715.68,1717.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and even people like President Andrew Johnson,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1717.2,1721.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were pointing out that there were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1721.09,1722.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a few Northern states that allowed blacks to vote","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1722.71,1725.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and therefore it would hardly be fair","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1725.59,1728.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to force this burden on the South,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1728.09,1732.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until the North cleaned up its own act, as we might say.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1732.09,1737.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For reasons both of immediate principles then","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1737.29,1739.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and of larger national policy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1739.38,1742.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowa's Republican rank and file were in 1868 urged","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1742.12,1745.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by their politicals, by their newspaper editors,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1745.9,1748.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by presidential candidate Ulysses S. Grant himself","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1748.47,1752.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to vote Yes on Black Suffrage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1752.04,1755.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"General Grant's message was that he quote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1756.09,1757.957"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Hope the people of Iowa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1757.957,1759.267"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"who soldiers achieved such immortal renown in the field","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1759.267,1763.007"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"would be the first state","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1763.007,1764.127"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"to carry impartial suffrage unfortunately.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1764.127,1766.407"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It had gone down in other states","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1767.39,1768.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as an interviewer paraphrase just words,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1768.89,1771.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but he trusted that Iowa the bright radical star.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1771.47,1775.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowa the bright radical star","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1775.08,1776.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would proclaim by it's action in November","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1776.75,1778.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the North is consistent with itself","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1778.94,1780.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and willing to voluntarily accept,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1780.91,1782.687"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what it's Congress had made a necessity in the South.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1782.687,1785.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now a technical point of 19th century voting procedure","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1786.669,1789.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is relevant here, before the advent,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1789.6,1791.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in America of the Australian ballot,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1792.95,1795.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the secret ballot where you go in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1795.61,1798.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in the privacy of the polling booth","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1798.44,1799.929"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you decide how you're going to vote","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1799.929,1802.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and nobody else is going to know unless","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1802.02,1804.401"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you tell yourself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1804.401,1806.648"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, before the advent of the Australian ballot,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1806.648,1809.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the printing of election tickets","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1809.32,1811.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was the responsibility of local parties.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1811.01,1814.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At polling places on election day","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1814.11,1816.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a voter normally received a unitary ballot","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1816.03,1820.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a Long Narrow Slip Ticket, it was called.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1820.06,1823.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this would be received from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1823.71,1825.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you're gonna vote the Republican ticket,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1825.52,1828.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you can you take this from the hands","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1828.08,1829.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Republican Party workers that are sitting there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1829.64,1833.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then you just take that long ballot,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1833.0,1836.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you put it right in the ballot box.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1836.41,1838.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's a straight Republican ticket","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1838.26,1840.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you see all as printed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1840.1,1842.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Unless, of course, you have the temerity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1843.05,1844.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you want to pick some Republican you don't like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1844.923,1846.749"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you brought a pencil with you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1846.749,1847.582"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you go to court and you scratch out somebody's name","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1847.582,1850.812"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and write in another name.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1850.812,1851.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that was called scratching the ballot.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1851.923,1854.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that wasn't frowned upon by party figures.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1854.05,1857.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it was done, of course, all the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1857.653,1860.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now at the end,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1860.95,1861.979"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you have a referendum issue on the ballot,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1861.979,1864.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that usually comes right down at the very end,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1864.76,1867.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you start here with the President Ulysses S. Grant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1867.52,1870.008"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then you end down here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1870.008,1871.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with proposition one Black Suffrage,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1871.68,1875.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how do you feel about it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1875.85,1877.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now in 1868, the Republican Party stack the cards,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1877.51,1880.753"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stacked the cards in favor of Black Suffrage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1880.753,1884.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a Yes vote on Black Suffrage simply","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1884.82,1886.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by printing only a Yes alternatives","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1886.77,1889.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is to say if you took the ballot,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1889.5,1890.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you put it in the ballot box you voted Yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1890.783,1893.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"unless you read all the way down and you said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1893.6,1896.337"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Hey, wait a minute, this only says Yes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1896.337,1897.797"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and I believe I don't wanna to vote Yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1897.797,1900.227"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I wanna vote No, who's got a pencil.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1900.227,1902.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So you see, this the stack the cards very effectively","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1902.92,1906.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this explains a great proportion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1906.03,1909.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this large vote in favor of equal rights in 1868.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1909.29,1914.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, of course people did have pencils,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1915.14,1918.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they did bring them with them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1918.54,1920.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it might be hard to vote no,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1920.27,1923.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or at least a little more difficult than at other times,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1923.7,1926.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but you could do it and considerable numbers of Iowan's did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1926.29,1929.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was hard to qualify as a racist Republican in 1868,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1931.65,1935.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but not impossible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1935.01,1936.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"About this several 1000 voters did just that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1938.11,1940.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is they voted for General Grant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1940.09,1941.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and all the Republican candidates and they got a pencil","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1941.64,1943.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and scratched out yes, and voted no.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1943.6,1945.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And about an equal number simply rolled up,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1948.53,1951.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so we're talking about 10,000, 15,000 people that at least,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1951.3,1956.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did not vote yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1956.19,1958.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Taken together however, these were only about 10%","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1958.23,1960.802"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Generals supporters,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1960.802,1963.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who revealed themselves as fairly deep seated racist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1963.37,1966.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by going to the well, like going to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1966.3,1968.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the trouble of either casting,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1968.8,1970.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"writing no votes or by rolling off on equal rights,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1970.51,1973.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"equal suffrage won handily, then in 1868.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1973.96,1978.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, 1880, then rolled around third time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1978.43,1981.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this turned out to be a very complicated affair.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1981.53,1984.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The 1868 plebiscite back in 1860","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1985.29,1988.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that did not only ratified Black Suffrage,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1988.053,1990.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it changed a lot of things in the Constitution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1990.78,1993.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all of the other racist things in the constitution about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1993.56,1996.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not being counted in the census,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1996.62,1998.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the blacks can't serve in the militia","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=1998.16,2000.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well all of these things were also put on the ballot","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2000.77,2003.147"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for change except for one thing that was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2003.147,2005.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"blacks could still not fit in the General Assembly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2005.58,2009.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now some historians thought this was kind of an oversight","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2009.19,2011.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well they changed all this other stuff,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2011.54,2012.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they left this thing in here about the General Assembly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2012.9,2014.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can have blacks in the General Assembly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2014.75,2016.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But that wasn't an oversight","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2016.96,2018.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was a small racist block in the Iowa legislature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2018.21,2020.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that wanted to keep it that way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2021.93,2023.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were Democrats, and they said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2023.29,2025.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"We'll go on with all this other stuff,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2025.117,2026.417"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"we won't go along with black sitting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2026.417,2028.497"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"in our state legislature.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2028.497,2030.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so that was exempted,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2030.97,2032.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but after the 1868 referendum,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2032.86,2037.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was so much excitement about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2038.24,2040.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this all having been changed and the Iowa Constitution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2040.57,2042.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is okay now we're all set.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2042.94,2045.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People forgot that, a vestige of the old Black Code","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2045.34,2050.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was still living in the Constitution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2050.74,2052.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they the reformers of the 1870s went on to other things,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2055.02,2059.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they turned their attention from issues of reconstruction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2059.36,2061.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and things having to do with the Civil War.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2061.8,2063.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They went on to the prohibition and anti monopoly wars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2063.86,2067.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Iowa's gilded age,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2067.48,2069.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the Iowa constitution retain","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2069.34,2072.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this old vestige of the Black Code.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2072.12,2075.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, there was one legislator who did not forget","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2075.2,2077.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or at least to notice that it was there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2077.49,2079.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his name was Alden J. Henchmen","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2079.77,2082.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he was a hero, he was still reading law","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2082.44,2085.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Vermont during Iowa's 1868 equal suffrage campaign,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2085.6,2089.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but he soon left at Vermont and headed West,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2089.61,2093.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"settled on the Frontier in North Western Iowa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2093.09,2095.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"began a lengthy career represented","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2095.92,2098.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"his area in the General Assembly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2098.05,2100.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there virtually single handedly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2100.66,2103.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"year after year, Hechmen quietly kept the issue alive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2103.44,2107.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"session after session,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2107.26,2109.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but with very little fanfare","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2109.02,2110.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and very little fanfare in part probably,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2110.73,2113.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because his immediate constituency","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2113.5,2116.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in North Western Iowa was an immigrant Irish enclave","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2116.65,2120.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with traditional Irish attitudes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2120.49,2122.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"toward African Americans which were negative.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2122.46,2126.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where the statue on the Palo Alto Courthouse Lawn,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2126.53,2130.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you've ever been there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2130.37,2131.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's not bad of a union infantry men.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2131.8,2134.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but these were Democrats up there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2134.95,2136.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the statue on their court house alone","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2136.45,2140.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that as the immortal Irish patriot Robert Emmet,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2140.1,2143.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the only statue of somebody in knee breeches","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2144.7,2147.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"west of the Mississippi River, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2147.7,2149.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, so it wasn't his constituency,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2151.24,2153.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pressuring him for a good civil rights record you see,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2153.41,2157.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they loved him in Emmitsburg,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2157.21,2159.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not for his stand on equal right","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2159.66,2162.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which they probably didn't even know about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2162.23,2164.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but for the fact that in the legislature,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2164.41,2166.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he forced the railroad to build it down to Emmitsburg.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2166.59,2170.629"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He brought, the railroad Emmitsburg","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2170.629,2172.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that's why all these Irish Democrats","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2172.09,2175.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're voting for this very Republican, New Englander","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2175.11,2178.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"year after year for the state legislature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2178.99,2182.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So they didn't know about his civil rights attitude,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2182.74,2185.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but he certainly expressed it quietly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2185.25,2187.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and persistently, session after session,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2187.79,2190.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ultimately, a proposition to repeal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2190.61,2193.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the so called free White Clause,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2193.69,2196.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"restricting the state legislature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2197.1,2199.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to legislators who were free and white,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2199.51,2202.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"although that has a distinct pre Civil War ring to it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2202.95,2207.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That got on to the 1880 ballot,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2210.71,2214.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but nobody knew about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2214.08,2215.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It got on the ballot so quietly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2215.6,2218.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the Republican leadership was caught flat footed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2218.01,2221.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Neither party, neither the Republicans, nor the Democrats","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2221.23,2224.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nor the Greenbackers who were a third party","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2224.29,2226.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that had emerged in the 1870s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2226.57,2229.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"no party had thought to develop a platform about this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2229.09,2234.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the free White Clause.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2234.34,2237.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so less than two weeks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2237.04,2240.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before the referendum was to be held","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2240.16,2242.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Republican Party suddenly woke to the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2243.72,2245.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this thing is on the ballot,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2245.91,2247.097"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"What the hell are we going to do?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2247.097,2248.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We've already had our state convention.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2248.81,2251.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Republican Central Committee","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2251.49,2253.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"got itself together was writing letters back and forth","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2254.386,2257.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and sending things to newspapers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2257.57,2259.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and trying to get people energized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2259.18,2260.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"trying to rally a Republican majority for a repeal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2260.64,2264.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this was a botched job.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2264.52,2266.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The confusion was not all bad,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2266.95,2268.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not one editor Republican Greenbacker","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2268.62,2270.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or Democrat urged the no vote on repeal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2270.71,2272.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was very unusual.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2272.87,2274.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is say, people were so spokesman,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2274.273,2278.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"political spokes persons were so were caught flat footed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2278.66,2282.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that nobody issued any instructions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2282.83,2285.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on how people should react to this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2285.32,2288.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And since there were no formal party positions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2288.31,2291.458"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on free White's repeal,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2291.458,2295.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even two Democratic editors came out in favor of voting yes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2295.01,2299.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was with absolutely unprecedented.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2299.8,2302.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Significantly however, only about a third","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2302.83,2304.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Iowa's Republican editors urged the yes vote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2304.83,2307.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the rest of them be neutral,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2307.39,2308.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they just didn't know what to say about it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2308.75,2311.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or taking no notice at all of the upcoming proposition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2311.39,2316.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In November 1880, then the repeal proposition passed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2319.324,2322.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I noted by an enormous majority of 64% a landslide,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2322.81,2327.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but just the less than half of the voters,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2328.01,2330.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"voted on the darn thing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2330.59,2332.353"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because there had been no,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2333.684,2335.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"advice and counsel on how to treat this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2339.07,2343.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A majority of Iowa's electorate in other words","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2343.3,2345.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did not vote at all on the question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2345.03,2346.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we may guess that a great many of them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2346.59,2348.586"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"perhaps most of them did not vote on it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2348.586,2352.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they had not been told which way to vote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2352.04,2356.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But Iowa's experience with his Black Code","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2359.1,2361.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then points toward a conclusion that lacks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2361.41,2365.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just outside of that kind of comment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2366.16,2369.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that is that there was much less deeply","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2369.74,2372.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that racism was not as deeply seated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2374.437,2378.427"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in 19th century America","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2379.32,2382.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or at least in this part of the Northern part","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2382.14,2386.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the United States then as apparent","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2386.41,2390.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the current historical literature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2390.69,2394.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is to say if people could change their,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2394.32,2396.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we're talking about behavior here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2396.95,2398.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not just attitudes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2398.57,2399.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now attitude, and behavior are two different things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2399.51,2402.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An attitude is something you think about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2404.47,2407.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you think you take,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2407.09,2409.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you have an opinion about something.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2409.49,2411.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Behavior is much different,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2411.29,2413.449"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you want to strangle your wife, that's your attitude,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2413.449,2416.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you don't strangle her, that's your behavior you see,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2416.72,2419.517"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this distinction is extremely important,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2419.517,2422.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the difference between acting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2422.1,2424.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and just thinking about acting,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2424.31,2426.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're talking about behavior here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2427.28,2429.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When people go to the polls,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2429.16,2430.719"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they're asked to express themselves","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2430.719,2434.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and how they feel about black citizenship,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2434.36,2437.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they vote yes or no,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2437.77,2439.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they're behaving, they're either discriminating","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2439.88,2442.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or they're being egalitarian in terms of behavior.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2442.86,2446.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If 19th century, if pioneer Iowan's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2449.52,2453.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could change their behavior on such a burning issue,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2453.09,2458.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as blacks of low quality, then it is beginning to suggest","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2459.59,2464.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the at these attitudes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2465.2,2467.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that underline the behavior are not that deeply seated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2467.73,2471.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of a racist belief,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2471.75,2475.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was much less deeply seated rigidity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2475.55,2479.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in these attitudes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2479.22,2480.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and therefore a much greater capacity for change,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2480.45,2483.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then, really historians and other scholars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2483.56,2486.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have given Americans credit for.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2486.68,2490.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If Iowa the quintessential Midwestern state,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2490.47,2494.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's, of course, been proven by polls,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2494.0,2496.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that is when people think Midwest,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2496.59,2499.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowa, that's the first state one thinks of.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2499.36,2501.929"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If Iowa little America,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2501.929,2503.846"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was that all typical,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2505.47,2507.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then, many overly racist Americans could be influenced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2507.14,2512.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to behave in an egalitarian manner.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2512.48,2516.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In other words, their underlying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2516.08,2517.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"attitudes might be one thing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2517.25,2519.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but their behavior,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2519.21,2520.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the act of voting on equal rights with behavior","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2520.76,2523.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could be consciously manipulated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2524.15,2526.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To recapitulate, the conclusion to be drawn","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2527.82,2530.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the Black Suffrage disaster of 1857","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2530.01,2534.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the rank and file voters simply","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2534.17,2536.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"acted as they were expected to act.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2536.3,2539.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is, if their leaders saw no virtue,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2539.15,2543.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in black equality then weren't going","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2543.35,2546.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to support black equality themselves, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2546.25,2549.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All the messages they received were exactly that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2549.01,2551.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1868, just the opposite,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2553.38,2555.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both the idealistic and the pragmatic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2555.09,2557.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"value of black equality was impressed upon Republican voters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2557.53,2560.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they accordingly express racially egalitarian choices.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2560.75,2565.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Loyal Democrats, of course, responded just the opposite,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2565.14,2569.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and appropriately so","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2569.31,2570.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because that's what their party leaders were telling them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2570.22,2572.907"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"We don't want blacks in the state,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2572.907,2574.277"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"we don't want black civil equality.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2574.277,2575.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so on and so forth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2575.99,2577.667"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so of course, they all voted No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2577.667,2580.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now in 1880 finally, we see what happens","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2580.33,2582.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when nobody's getting any messages across.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2582.9,2585.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People are left to their own devices","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2585.59,2587.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and most people don't express","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2587.73,2590.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"any opinion either way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2590.39,2591.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Actual no you might well ask,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2593.46,2597.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what evidence is there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2597.0,2598.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that people really change their minds?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2598.5,2600.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, we've got some evidence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2601.3,2602.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We've got some, we can document a couple of,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2602.56,2604.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we can documents several good cases,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2605.598,2606.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll tell you two of them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2606.89,2608.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One is the case of Grenville Dodge","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2608.71,2611.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the famous Iowa Civil War Generals,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2612.39,2614.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and of Iowa's three most powerful political figures","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2616.282,2620.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the gilded age.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2620.29,2621.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was a native New Englander,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2622.42,2623.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/860","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but he had been raised in a Democratic household","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2623.87,2626.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/861","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he had the ideological burden","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2626.65,2629.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/862","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of that to carry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2629.86,2631.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/863","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He therefore was a rare day a youthful racist,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2631.61,2636.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he kept a diary and in that diary","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2636.0,2637.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he boasts of having provoked a confrontation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2637.93,2640.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/866","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with an uppity black waiter in a Boston restaurant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2640.3,2645.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and as a college student,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2645.46,2647.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/868","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he helped heckle a black abolitionist lecture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2647.89,2650.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/869","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But then, there's no doubt about it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2651.33,2653.844"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/870","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he was by any anybody's definition a racist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2653.844,2658.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/871","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But 12 years later, he's in Mississippi,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2658.06,2660.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he's a commander of Union Forces,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2660.81,2664.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he was writing glowingly of black Mississippians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2664.01,2668.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that without War Department Authorization,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2668.06,2671.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he had organized as soldiers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2671.3,2673.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/876","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before it was legally safe to do so,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2673.48,2675.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/877","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he had organized a troop of black soldiers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2675.47,2678.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/878","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I have some fine negro troops,\" he wrote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2678.287,2680.677"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/879","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"well drilled and doing the same duty as the white troops.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2680.677,2683.747"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"African Americans he encountered","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2685.21,2686.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as General Sherman's chief of intelligence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2686.68,2688.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/882","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"also came in for praise.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2688.77,2690.167"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/883","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Negroes were of great value to us as messengers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2690.167,2692.797"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/884","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and by coming into our lives","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2692.797,2694.077"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/885","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"with valuable information,\" he wrote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2694.077,2696.097"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"And I never heard of a negro giving up,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2696.097,2698.207"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/887","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"that is betraying a union soldier,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2698.207,2700.977"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/888","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"spy or scout who trusted him.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2700.977,2703.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/889","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now it was this military experience with blacks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2703.97,2706.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/890","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during the Civil War that converted Grenville Dodge,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2706.54,2710.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/891","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you see, from a youth racist into a man committed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2710.01,2714.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/892","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the idea of black civil equality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2714.2,2717.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/893","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"From a pre-war racist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2717.48,2718.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/894","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he became a strong post-war advocate of suffrage reform.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2718.91,2722.537"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/895","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"You know we have got to meet this question.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2722.537,2724.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/896","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He privately lectured a fellow Iowa politician.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2724.94,2728.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/897","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"And I of course have the one view on it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2728.117,2730.627"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/898","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"that is fight for it on the ground of right,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2730.627,2733.057"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/899","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"justice, et cetera","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2733.057,2734.557"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/900","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and educate the people up to it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2734.557,2737.417"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/901","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"educate the people up to it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2737.417,2739.167"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/902","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Tell the people how.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=2739.167,2741.067"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27197/annotation/903","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/197/original/AV203940_Bright_Radial_Star_Gender_Politics_and_Goddess_a.vtt?1622140613","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/197/original/AV203940_Bright_Radial_Star_Gender_Politics_and_Goddess_a.vtt?1622140613"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27198","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203940_Bright_Radial_Star_Gender_Politics_and_Goddess_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534/transcript/27198/annotation/904","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- And by that I mean black equality, and by that I mean black equality before the law. That encounter, which is really unknown to the world of historians as well as everyone else, it turns out is far more controversial. In the world of scholarship at least then most Iowan's themselves are up to imagine and I'd like to tell you about that tonight, because I guess having given various versions of this talk and such widely spread out places as, New Orleans and in Boston, Massachusetts, I'm kinda interested in what an audience of contemporary Iowan's have to think about. Iowa's a frontier era lasted nearly half a century and this makes it somewhat unique in the history of American States and territories from 1833 to when it was opened to general settlement, all the way to 1880. When the last farmers overran the areas of the far Northwest corner of this particular State. And that's a period of almost 50 years and it was during this period that Iowan's coped with the question of black civil equality. Iowan's we're not yet Iowan's in the 20th century sense of that term and that is important to remember it seems to me because they were still in varying degrees, New Englanders, New Yorkers, Pennsylvanians and Ohioans they were Southerner's from particularly from Virginia, and but also from Maryland and North Carolina, they were immigrants from Ireland and from Germany and from Scandinavia. And so in a sense they were not Iowan's, as perhaps you are and as I am, I have been living in Massachusetts for the last 10 years, but I will always I guess now be an Iowan and this is the sense that one gets in studying the history of Iowa in the 1840s and 1850s, people were still New Englanders, New Yorkers and so forth so that someone comes up to Thomas Wentworth or what William Wentworth whatever his name was Rogers and up in the one of the Northern counties and says, \"I'm a Democrat, but I'm going to vote for you, \"because you're a Yankee.\" So that people were still reflecting their ethnic cultural background, even though they were out here west of the Mississippi. And once they got here to this place, they had to at least the adult white males among them, had to work out, they had to devise a common polity, that among other things arranged the terms for racial relations. And these terms themselves became increasingly salient political issues in the 1840s and the 1850s, in those years in the other words those decades just before the Civil War. It will be objected of course as audiences always do when I bring up this subject, well, how could blacks, how could African Americans have been an issue at Iowa? There have never been African Americans living in Iowa, how could they have become an important issue? Well, and there are several answers for this. First of all, there is an analogy here that I think is important, there were virtually no slaves in Iowa either. Although, of course slavery as everywhere in the Nation of the 1850s became the important issue, especially as the Civil War approached in the first years of the 1860s. So that even though there were no, there were some slaves in Dubuque in 1840, there were people holding slaves and who admitted to holding them. But, basically the Iowa territorial state knew nothing of slavery, but slavery became an issue. In much the same way that the civil liberties and rights of blacks could become an issue whether or not there was a very large black presence in a state like this. And second, the rights and privileges of African Americans proved to be an issue in every Northern state, in every Northern state all the way to Oregon territory and Maine and New Hampshire and Connecticut. That to say nothing of New York and Massachusetts and New Jersey and Ohio and Illinois and Indiana and Wisconsin and Minnesota, all states of the union and territories, California for example, all had to face the issue of coming to terms with the prospect of black civil equality and in all states except in the South itself, blacks were very much of a minority, that is to say there were no blacks anywhere outside of the South and most Northern or Western State except New Jersey, did blacks makeup as much as 3% of any population you see. So outside of the South there were virtually no African Americans. So when you say, well, why was Connecticut racist and Iowa was relatively progressive, you see, it doesn't hinge on whether Iowa had more blacks or Connecticut had more blacks, something else is operating there you see, something else is operating. Now pioneer Iowan's like Midwestern has generally reacted not to the fact of a black presence, but they reacted to the threat of a black presence, they reacted to the threat of it. By the 1850s, Iowan's who feared this possibility of a black presence, need only look across their Southern border where lived 115,000 slaves scattered across Northern or middle part of Missouri, all the way from Illinois to Kansas, about to within the 30 to 50 miles of the Hawkeye line. In about the same proportion to whites in this part of Missouri, as one would find in those days in say Western Kentucky or on the Eastern Shore of Maryland. So there was a black presence that was relatively close, as such as the black presence was close in Ohio and Pennsylvania and Illinois and Indiana. A faceless theme of Iowa's racist editor's and politicians both before and after emancipation was therefore that the most dramatic consequence of legislating racial equality of any kind would be a population in rush from Missouri's black belt. If we allow them to have civil rights here, as they would put it, all the broken down slaves of Missouri will come here to live and we really want to have all of those people on a welfare rolls. This is a very modern kind of argument, modern in the sense one heard that in the middle of the 20th century as well. Now partly in consequence, Iowas original Black Code proved to have been as harsh as that at any Antebellum Free State, statutory law banned interracial marriage, it excluded blacks from public welfare benefits, it excluded black children from the public school, it disallowed black testimony and litigation involving whites was important, not as important 'cause it's unequal access to the court system. It required all black residents, well, it did not allow blacks to practice law for example, it required all black residents to register with the local authorities and post bond for good behavior and this was later done away with, but unfortunately replaced by an outright exclusion law entirely banning non white immigration into the Hawkeye State. The first so called Black Exclusion law to be passed in the 19th century. There had been Black Exclusion Laws in Northern states before in Massachusetts and New Jersey, but those had been done away with, Iowas was the first to be passed as the Civil War approached. So this you see was a very reactionary place with respect to the civil equality of blacks. Construction of this Black Code took almost 25 years, from 1838 to 1851. It's dismantling in contrast lasted until 1880 and the important aspects of the building and dismantling process, while there are two of them that are worthy of note that I'll quickly tell you about. First is the matter of periodization. The years of the Black Codes enactment coincides with a reactionary Democratic Political of Germany in Iowa. The Democrats were the bad guys in early Iowa, it is a product of their political leadership that one can describe most of this legislation and this constitutional law. In contrast, the period of the destruction of this Black Code mainly coincided with hegemony of Iowa's Republican Party, which began in 1854 as an anti Nebraska coalition. Free-Soilers most of this Free-Soilers in Iowa was untrue elsewhere most the Free-Soilers in Iowa, virtually all of them were old evolutionist and very radical and together with Whigs almost no Democrats tended to be part of this Iowa coalition that formed the republican party here. This Republican Party came to dominate Iowa as thoroughly as the Democrats had ruled it before that day. The significance of this is that the most important policy battles over black equality occurred not between the Democrats and the Republicans but within, first within the Whig Party and then within the Anti Nebraska Coalition itself, and then within the Republican Party, there was no good trying to talk to to a pre-Civil War Democrat about black equality, these arguments had to go on within what was of a progressive constituency. The Democrats always serving as ideological caretakers of the most rigidly conservative policy alternatives at any given moment. So that's the first thing about this periodisation business. Second, destruction of the Iowa Black Code was accomplished in various formats in legislative assemblies, in the Constitutional Convention of 1857 in state Supreme Court decisions and most extraordinarily in three popular referendums that were held on equal rights at roughly decade length intervals at politically strategic moments in the nation's history. That is to say, in Iowa, it was a very unusual case, in that everybody voted on how they felt about the black equality and that is how Public Policy was made. And they voted, Iowan's did it three different times on the eve of the Civil War, in the very early years of reconstruction and at the onset of post reconstruction normalcy. So that they come in more or less decade length periods, they're divided by about 10 years, each of these. Now perhaps the main challenge presented by the Iowa case is to explain how a voting population and this was long before female suffrage. So we're talking here about the 340,000 white male or excuse me, we're talking about 340,000 male, adult male citizens of the United States. How did this 300 empowered majority of this 340,000, could twice have given referendum majorities to the idea of black equality. That is to say, how they could have voted in favor of equal rights. Such successes are absolutely unprecedented in the history of race relations in America that is this sort of thing did not happen anywhere else except right here. And unless this two cases of the majority for equal rights can be explained, Iowa must remain rather mysteriously what Jean H. Baker, historian calls, \"The exception.\" And historians abhor this kind of mysteries some of us wanna find out what really went on and how such a thing could be explained and let me do a little of that this evening. let's start with just the facts. In August of 1857, Iowan's first went to the polls and they made their preferences known about equal suffrage that is allowing African-Americans to have the vote to participate in the electoral franchise, to hold the electoral franchise participate in the vote, there were two dozen or so of these held around the country in the years towards the site of the Civil War and of all of those two dozen or so, the defeat of equal suffrage in Iowa in 1857, was one of the two worst on records, only 10% of the voters of the state favored equal rights in 1857, only 10%. And this as I say, is one of the two worst referendum defeats of this kinds of civil rights issue on record. Okay, 11 years later 1868. Iowan's again go to the polls, they again are asked to vote on how they feel about blacks being admitted to the electoral franchise, this time their yes percentage soared to 57% that is over a majority reflecting and this was the first time a civil right's proposition in American history had gained such a majority in any state where voters knew exactly what they were voting for or against, where the issue was very clear. This is an issue about the rights of black people and you can vote Yes or No, on it, this was the only place it was ever presented in that manner and the majority voted Yes, that is to bring African American residents into the political process. 12 years after that, 1880, Iowan's went to the polls a third time to make their preferences known on opening the General Assembly to black. Equal rights, this third time won by a landslide 64% of the ballots cast 64%, that's a landslide as political scientists and political students have calculated such things. And thus you see in just a matter of 23 years about a generation, a large populations positive attitude and matter of racial equality had risen by a phenomenal 54% points, a truly colossal political achievement. Now, it's my judgment that most of the explanation for this achievement has to do with the behavior of the Hawkeye State's Republican Party for which the Civil War era was truly it's heroic age. When's the last time you heard something Let's see, oh we have to turn lights on?\r\n\r\n- Oh there we go, that's a little better, not too much better can you see it at all back there? George can you see that?\r\n\r\n- I can see.\r\n\r\n- Okay. I'll go back to my script. This is table one and these data are derived from a technique called Multiple Ecological Regression has to do with a lot of complicated computer aided stuff. But in this case it helps provide estimates of how Republicans and Democrats behave, in the three equal rights referendums. The Iowa elections implied in these regressions are listed at the bottom of the table, as you can see, who is a Republican or a Democrat is determined by how Iowan's voted in an immediately adjacent to partisan election. the 1857 Republicans for example, the 1857 Republicans are referenced, these are the three referendum you see here's how the Republican voted, and here's how the Democrats voted. When we decide who was Republican, what we have to do is we for 1857, we use those who voted for John Charles Frémont in 1856, that is how Republicans identified in this series of regressions. In 1868 we use who voted for the Republican Gubernatorial Candidate 1867 year before for the 1880 I have used here, those who voted for the Republican candidate 1879. Now, there are four possible positions anybody can take on one of these equal rights referendum, you can vote yes that is your in favor of many blacks to the electoral franchise , black adult males with the electoral franchise, or you can vote No you are against it, you can roll off. You know what rolling off is? that means that you came to the polls that day you were there at the election, you were there to cast out for your political candidate or for some other reference issue, but when it came to the question of equal rights you refuse to vote it on you cast on the box, you did not cast the ballot at all. And then not voting, most people would just stay home that day, they were qualified voters, but they did not turn out to vote. And then all of these percentages are calculated in terms of what are the estimate is all of the calculated votes of all of the eligible voters. So the 100% is even those people that should have voted that day they didn't bother to turnout. The same thing, of course, for the Democrats here at 1857, 1868, 1880 in both cases. If I stick to my script, I won't bore you overly long with these things. You have observed that among Republicans, the most notable change between 1857 and 1868 was a dramatic enlargement of the Yes vote. But the Yes percentage then swamped in 1888, downturn reflected not an increased No vote, or in more Republicans failing to turn out at the poll, but rather in a swollen roll off that is, when Republicans claimed the 1880, the majority, or a large number of Republicans simply did not vote, did not choose to cast the ballot either way, when they came to that particular question. Among Democrats, it's a little more easily generalized about virtually none of them ever voted Yes, on equal rights. The most dramatic change among Democrats was a huge drop and no ballots between 1868 and 1880, a shift that corresponded to an identical rise and roll off rather than a No vote or rather than a Yes vote. That is Democrats for some reason that I'll tell you a little bit about it, they've stopped voting No but that doesn't mean they're gonna vote Yes, you see they're just not gonna vote at all. But these changes suggest that the specific content of each referendum was different and that is indeed what the case was these referendum were not all held in the same circumstances Back in 1857, Iowa's Republican Party was running scared, its leaders were primarily concerned with attaining popular ratification, against considerable Democratic opposition of a new state constitution that most importantly would permit banking to be carried on in the state of Iowa. Banking, now you have to be a little careful a little bit, but essentially conventional banking as we know was not legal in the state of Iowa and that was seen to be such an important issue by the republican party that it wanted to change the Iowa constitution to allow banking that's mainly why, everybody gathered in 1857 to rewrite that organic document, and then they rewrote that and put banking into the new constitution and then proposition one in August of 1857 was a Yes or No, on the constitution, the new Constitution. And Republican leaders had tried to keep equal suffrage out of the whole thing, because they feared that if an equal suffrage referendum was also included on the ballot, that this would cause the constitution to be turned down. But a few radical Republicans of minor stature within the party forced its inclusion on the ballot as proposition two, so proposition one was Yes or No on the Constitution, proposition two was Yes or No on equal suffrage. In response, Iowa's Democrats seize the occasion to argue falsely that the triumph of the new constitution would also mean the imposition of equal suffrage as well as integrated public school, and all sorts of other things. As democratic rhetoric became ever more shrill, Republican newspaper editors and other party spokesman increasingly assured readers and auditors that Black Suffrage was not a republican sponsored or endorsed proposition, that is to say, the Republican Party washed it's hands of the proposal and said look, we didn't do it. Just a bunch of kind of, some radicals put it on, gotten on the ballot, but we don't, hold ourselves responsible for it, and if you're Republican, you don't have to vote for it just because the Democrats say that the Republicans did that. So this was a political orphan and nobody voted for it only about 8200 voters presumably hardcore ideological, egalitarian probably abolitionist, Republicans supported proposition two and it went down as an equal rights disaster of only 10% support. Well, 1860 things have changed considerably, had they not there'd been a Civil War. And once again, a radical Republican minority had forced the Iowa party to confront the issue of equal rights and specifically equal suffrage in this case, in part as a response to effective lobbying by the state small black community, which at that time, was headquartered in the city of Muscatine. and its nucleus was in a circle around a brilliant black political leader named Alexander Clark, for whom there is now something of an appropriate memorial in that town. Alexander Clark who came to Iowa and its territorial period and stayed here, through most of his life and agitated, facelessly, for the equality of black Iowans he died as the diplomatic envoy to Liberia, I believe it was 1891. But in any event this time, the radicals constituted what might be thought of as a critical mess no longer in 1868, where they just a little minority of the abolitionists this time they had all sorts of big guns on their side. They included practically the entire extra amount of elected state officials, the Governor of Iowa, the Lieutenant Governor of Iowa, the Secretary of State, the auditor, the Superintendent of Public Constructions, all of these men were committed radicals you see on the question of black equality. That is to say they were outspokenly in favor of it. And virtually all of the Republicans running to succeed this slate of individuals were also on record as being in favor of it and then they radicals included such top political professionals as Jacob Richten and James S Clarkson, Judge C.C Cole of the Iowa Supreme Court boasted of having been probably the first man of influence in the state to put himself publicly on record in favor of equal rights. Congressman Hiram Price, who is perhaps the state's leading banker and railroad capitalist, almost single handedly pushed an equal suffrage plank through the 1865 republican state convention in Des Moines. and that plank was championed by Hol Houston very prestigious Civil War military figures ranging from Major Henry O'Connor to Colonel Alonzo Abernethy to Generals Marcellus M. Crocker of the famous Crocker Brigade, or the Iowa Brigade sometimes it's called and Grenville M. Dodge, one of Grant's important subsidiary military Commanders. By 1868 even such racial conservatives as US senators James Harlan and Samuel J. Kirkwood, had clambered aboard the equal rights bandwagon, to Iowa's republican rank and file the egalitarian promoting of such respected leaders reverberated with the preemptive authority of higher law. Beginning in 1865, then Iowa's Republican Party supported equal rights as an expression both of simple justice to black Iowans and as a response to the duty laid upon all Iowan's by congressional Republicans and this is important, because these congressional Republicans were at that moment calling for equal suffrage in the South, as the only means of consolidating the Confederacy's demise. The only way we're gonna keep those Confederate where we put them on the battlefield is to invest the adult black males of the South with the right to vote, but it was said, \"We cannot force the South \"to admit blacks to the privilege of voting, \"unless, of course, we have already done such a thing \"in all of our Northern states.\" Unfortunately, as National Democrat and Republican conservatives and even people like President Andrew Johnson, were pointing out that there were a few Northern states that allowed blacks to vote and therefore it would hardly be fair to force this burden on the South, until the North cleaned up its own act, as we might say. For reasons both of immediate principles then and of larger national policy, Iowa's Republican rank and file were in 1868 urged by their politicals, by their newspaper editors, by presidential candidate Ulysses S. Grant himself to vote Yes on Black Suffrage. General Grant's message was that he quote, \"Hope the people of Iowa, \"who soldiers achieved such immortal renown in the field \"would be the first state \"to carry impartial suffrage unfortunately.\" It had gone down in other states as an interviewer paraphrase just words, but he trusted that Iowa the bright radical star. Iowa the bright radical star would proclaim by it's action in November that the North is consistent with itself and willing to voluntarily accept, what it's Congress had made a necessity in the South. Now a technical point of 19th century voting procedure is relevant here, before the advent, in America of the Australian ballot, the secret ballot where you go in and in the privacy of the polling booth you decide how you're going to vote and nobody else is going to know unless you tell yourself. Well, before the advent of the Australian ballot, the printing of election tickets was the responsibility of local parties. At polling places on election day a voter normally received a unitary ballot a Long Narrow Slip Ticket, it was called. And this would be received from if you're gonna vote the Republican ticket, you can you take this from the hands of the Republican Party workers that are sitting there and then you just take that long ballot, and you put it right in the ballot box. and that's a straight Republican ticket you see all as printed. Unless, of course, you have the temerity, you want to pick some Republican you don't like and you brought a pencil with you and you go to court and you scratch out somebody's name and write in another name. So that was called scratching the ballot. and that wasn't frowned upon by party figures. but it was done, of course, all the time. Now at the end, when you have a referendum issue on the ballot, that usually comes right down at the very end, you start here with the President Ulysses S. Grant and then you end down here with proposition one Black Suffrage, how do you feel about it? Now in 1868, the Republican Party stack the cards, stacked the cards in favor of Black Suffrage of a Yes vote on Black Suffrage simply by printing only a Yes alternatives that is to say if you took the ballot, you put it in the ballot box you voted Yes, unless you read all the way down and you said, \"Hey, wait a minute, this only says Yes \"and I believe I don't wanna to vote Yes, \"I wanna vote No, who's got a pencil.\" So you see, this the stack the cards very effectively and this explains a great proportion of this large vote in favor of equal rights in 1868. However, of course people did have pencils, and they did bring them with them and it might be hard to vote no, or at least a little more difficult than at other times, but you could do it and considerable numbers of Iowan's did. It was hard to qualify as a racist Republican in 1868, but not impossible. About this several 1000 voters did just that that is they voted for General Grant and all the Republican candidates and they got a pencil and scratched out yes, and voted no. And about an equal number simply rolled up, so we're talking about 10,000, 15,000 people that at least, did not vote yes. Taken together however, these were only about 10% of the Generals supporters, who revealed themselves as fairly deep seated racist by going to the well, like going to the trouble of either casting, writing no votes or by rolling off on equal rights, equal suffrage won handily, then in 1868. Well, 1880, then rolled around third time and this turned out to be a very complicated affair. The 1868 plebiscite back in 1860 that did not only ratified Black Suffrage, but it changed a lot of things in the Constitution, all of the other racist things in the constitution about not being counted in the census, and the blacks can't serve in the militia well all of these things were also put on the ballot for change except for one thing that was blacks could still not fit in the General Assembly. Now some historians thought this was kind of an oversight well they changed all this other stuff, they left this thing in here about the General Assembly can have blacks in the General Assembly. But that wasn't an oversight there was a small racist block in the Iowa legislature that wanted to keep it that way. They were Democrats, and they said, \"We'll go on with all this other stuff, \"we won't go along with black sitting \"in our state legislature.\" And so that was exempted, but after the 1868 referendum, there was so much excitement about this all having been changed and the Iowa Constitution is okay now we're all set. People forgot that, a vestige of the old Black Code was still living in the Constitution and they the reformers of the 1870s went on to other things, they turned their attention from issues of reconstruction and things having to do with the Civil War. They went on to the prohibition and anti monopoly wars of Iowa's gilded age, and the Iowa constitution retain this old vestige of the Black Code. Now, there was one legislator who did not forget or at least to notice that it was there, his name was Alden J. Henchmen he was a hero, he was still reading law in Vermont during Iowa's 1868 equal suffrage campaign, but he soon left at Vermont and headed West, settled on the Frontier in North Western Iowa, began a lengthy career represented his area in the General Assembly and there virtually single handedly, year after year, Hechmen quietly kept the issue alive session after session, but with very little fanfare and very little fanfare in part probably, because his immediate constituency in North Western Iowa was an immigrant Irish enclave with traditional Irish attitudes toward African Americans which were negative. Where the statue on the Palo Alto Courthouse Lawn, if you've ever been there, it's not bad of a union infantry men. but these were Democrats up there and the statue on their court house alone is that as the immortal Irish patriot Robert Emmet, the only statue of somebody in knee breeches west of the Mississippi River, I think. Now, so it wasn't his constituency, pressuring him for a good civil rights record you see, they loved him in Emmitsburg, not for his stand on equal right which they probably didn't even know about, but for the fact that in the legislature, he forced the railroad to build it down to Emmitsburg. He brought, the railroad Emmitsburg so that's why all these Irish Democrats we're voting for this very Republican, New Englander year after year for the state legislature. So they didn't know about his civil rights attitude, but he certainly expressed it quietly and persistently, session after session, ultimately, a proposition to repeal the so called free White Clause, restricting the state legislature to legislators who were free and white, although that has a distinct pre Civil War ring to it. That got on to the 1880 ballot, but nobody knew about it. It got on the ballot so quietly, that the Republican leadership was caught flat footed. Neither party, neither the Republicans, nor the Democrats nor the Greenbackers who were a third party that had emerged in the 1870s, no party had thought to develop a platform about this, about the free White Clause. And so less than two weeks before the referendum was to be held the Republican Party suddenly woke to the fact that this thing is on the ballot, \"What the hell are we going to do?\" We've already had our state convention. The Republican Central Committee got itself together was writing letters back and forth and sending things to newspapers and trying to get people energized trying to rally a Republican majority for a repeal that this was a botched job. The confusion was not all bad, not one editor Republican Greenbacker or Democrat urged the no vote on repeal which was very unusual. That is say, people were so spokesman, political spokes persons were so were caught flat footed that nobody issued any instructions on how people should react to this. And since there were no formal party positions on free White's repeal, even two Democratic editors came out in favor of voting yes, which was with absolutely unprecedented. Significantly however, only about a third of Iowa's Republican editors urged the yes vote, the rest of them be neutral, because they just didn't know what to say about it or taking no notice at all of the upcoming proposition. In November 1880, then the repeal proposition passed, as I noted by an enormous majority of 64% a landslide, but just the less than half of the voters, voted on the darn thing, because there had been no, advice and counsel on how to treat this. A majority of Iowa's electorate in other words did not vote at all on the question, we may guess that a great many of them, perhaps most of them did not vote on it, because they had not been told which way to vote. But Iowa's experience with his Black Code then points toward a conclusion that lacks just outside of that kind of comment. And that is that there was much less deeply that racism was not as deeply seated in 19th century America or at least in this part of the Northern part of the United States then as apparent in the current historical literature. That is to say if people could change their, and we're talking about behavior here not just attitudes. Now attitude, and behavior are two different things. An attitude is something you think about that you think you take, you have an opinion about something. Behavior is much different, you want to strangle your wife, that's your attitude, you don't strangle her, that's your behavior you see, and this distinction is extremely important, because the difference between acting and just thinking about acting, we're talking about behavior here. When people go to the polls, and they're asked to express themselves and how they feel about black citizenship, and they vote yes or no, they're behaving, they're either discriminating or they're being egalitarian in terms of behavior. If 19th century, if pioneer Iowan's could change their behavior on such a burning issue, as blacks of low quality, then it is beginning to suggest that the at these attitudes that underline the behavior are not that deeply seated in terms of a racist belief, there was much less deeply seated rigidity in these attitudes, and therefore a much greater capacity for change, then, really historians and other scholars have given Americans credit for. If Iowa the quintessential Midwestern state, that's, of course, been proven by polls, that is when people think Midwest, Iowa, that's the first state one thinks of. If Iowa little America, was that all typical, then, many overly racist Americans could be influenced to behave in an egalitarian manner. In other words, their underlying attitudes might be one thing, but their behavior, and the act of voting on equal rights with behavior could be consciously manipulated. To recapitulate, the conclusion to be drawn from the Black Suffrage disaster of 1857 is the rank and file voters simply acted as they were expected to act. That is, if their leaders saw no virtue, in black equality then weren't going to support black equality themselves, right? All the messages they received were exactly that. In 1868, just the opposite, both the idealistic and the pragmatic value of black equality was impressed upon Republican voters and they accordingly express racially egalitarian choices. Loyal Democrats, of course, responded just the opposite, and appropriately so because that's what their party leaders were telling them, \"We don't want blacks in the state, \"we don't want black civil equality.\" And so on and so forth, and so of course, they all voted No. Now in 1880 finally, we see what happens when nobody's getting any messages across. People are left to their own devices and most people don't express any opinion either way. Actual no you might well ask, what evidence is there that people really change their minds? Well, we've got some evidence. We've got some, we can document a couple of, we can documents several good cases, I'll tell you two of them. One is the case of Grenville Dodge the famous Iowa Civil War Generals, and of Iowa's three most powerful political figures in the gilded age. He was a native New Englander, but he had been raised in a Democratic household and he had the ideological burden of that to carry. He therefore was a rare day a youthful racist, he kept a diary and in that diary he boasts of having provoked a confrontation with an uppity black waiter in a Boston restaurant and as a college student, he helped heckle a black abolitionist lecture. But then, there's no doubt about it, he was by any anybody's definition a racist. But 12 years later, he's in Mississippi, he's a commander of Union Forces, and he was writing glowingly of black Mississippians that without War Department Authorization, he had organized as soldiers before it was legally safe to do so, he had organized a troop of black soldiers. \"I have some fine negro troops,\" he wrote. \"well drilled and doing the same duty as the white troops.\" African Americans he encountered as General Sherman's chief of intelligence also came in for praise. \"Negroes were of great value to us as messengers \"and by coming into our lives \"with valuable information,\" he wrote. \"And I never heard of a negro giving up, \"that is betraying a union soldier, \"spy or scout who trusted him.\" Now it was this military experience with blacks during the Civil War that converted Grenville Dodge, you see, from a youth racist into a man committed to the idea of black civil equality. From a pre-war racist he became a strong post-war advocate of suffrage reform. \"You know we have got to meet this question.\" He privately lectured a fellow Iowa politician. \"And I of course have the one view on it, \"that is fight for it on the ground of right, \"justice, et cetera \"and educate the people up to it, \"educate the people up to it. \"Tell the people how.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115534#t=0.0,2745.768"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - AV203940_Bright_Radial_Star_Gender_Politics_and_Goddess_b.mp3"]},"duration":2301.888,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/115/535/small/lecture.png?1622140617","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/115/535/original/AV203940_Bright_Radial_Star_Gender_Politics_and_Goddess_b.mp3?1622140617","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":2301.888,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203940_Bright_Radial_Star_Gender_Politics_and_Goddess_b.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e Instructor:\u003c/strong\u003e He's called Clonel stone,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=5.19,7.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a native new Yorker.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=7.33,9.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was unfortunately again like like a Grenville Dutch","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=9.15,12.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"raised in a democratic household in New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=12.64,15.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Therefore he was imbued with the pre civil war","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=15.09,19.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"general attitude of the Democrats toward blacks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=19.35,22.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although in New York, it's a little bit different,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=22.99,26.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but not all that different.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=26.74,28.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was reared to Democrat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=30.69,32.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now he comes out to Iowa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=32.39,34.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He participates vigorously in the formation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=34.1,36.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Republican party in the state.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=36.72,38.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He stands as a frame Mount elector in 1856.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=38.77,43.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He served briefly, but gallantly in the war","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=43.32,45.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a regiment commander, he survived, barely survived","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=45.82,50.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grant scrape, frontal assault on the fortress","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=50.44,54.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at Vicksburg, Mississippi.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=54.04,55.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He returned back here to Iowa to recuperate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=55.97,59.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from serious wounds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=59.56,62.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was elected governor in 1863 and reelected in 1865.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=62.0,66.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now he was known for a very down to earth, folksy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=66.76,71.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gregarious, unpretentious nature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=72.95,77.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Stone felt compelled by democratic baiting about it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=77.61,82.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during his 1865 re-election campaign to discuss the history","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=82.53,86.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of his feelings about black equality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=86.95,89.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he did so","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=89.59,90.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was the kind of guy that would lay it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=90.423,92.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out in front of you like Jimmy Carter or someone,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=92.87,96.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not in a buttoned up tight but someone who says,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=96.53,98.567"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Yeah, this is how I felt.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=98.567,99.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I did this and I did that and I changed my mind.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=99.63,101.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He talks about this in many of his campaign speeches","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=101.98,104.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you can pull them all together","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=104.4,105.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and get a kind of connected narrative.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=105.84,107.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in regard with black suffrage referendum of 1857","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=108.804,112.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he had this to say.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=112.67,113.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He said \"In 1857, I voted against it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=113.63,117.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not because I was opposed to it as a question of abstract,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=117.14,119.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right? But simply on the ground of expediency","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=119.99,123.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I doubted whether we were ready for it.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=123.13,125.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But now you see, which is just to say that he did no more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=125.77,129.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than internalized the prevailing Republican party line","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=129.29,132.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about black rights in 1857.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=132.2,136.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We weren't ready for it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=136.06,137.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now the war came and stone was at first well","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=138.63,140.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in that the Warby one without disturbing slavery,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=140.68,143.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"again the kind of prevailing Republican party line","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=143.26,145.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lincoln was going around and all during the campaign saying,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=145.8,148.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"look we're not going to disturb slavery where exists legally","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=148.48,151.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the original slave state to the South","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=151.1,153.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we just don't want it in the West, right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=153.28,154.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this was the prevailing line where we're going to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=154.84,159.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fight a civil war just to keep the union together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=159.08,161.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're not going to do anything about slavery","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=161.14,163.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where it exists legally that is in the 13 original States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=163.41,168.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are still Southern States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=168.61,170.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so he didn't want to mess with slavery","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=172.41,176.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as newspaper reporter paraphrased, his explanation quote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=176.39,179.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He had been rather slow on upon this subject.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=179.32,181.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he had never been regarded as a strong advocate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=181.92,184.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of emancipation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=184.6,185.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He had been conservative on this question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=185.87,188.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He had been raised a Democrat and shared the views","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=188.17,191.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of that party.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=191.04,192.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As stone himself, confessed quote, \"I was so conservative.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=192.67,195.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I did not endorse Lincoln's preparatory proclamation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=195.62,198.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of emancipation as hardly as many did.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=198.71,201.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I questioned his expediency at the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=201.26,204.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although by the time when he issued the final proclamation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=204.01,206.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the 1st of January, 1863 I was fully prepared to sustain\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=206.74,211.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, this is interesting because quick cause","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=212.18,215.276"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what he's saying here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=215.276,216.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was a rapid mental adjustment to a kind of fed accompli","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=216.16,220.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the part of Abraham Lincoln.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=220.44,222.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In three and a half months this guy who not in favor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=222.09,225.179"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of getting rid of slavery suddenly he's in favor of it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=225.179,229.405"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He reversed his attitude in just a very short time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=229.405,233.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"once that became clear that that's what the prevailing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=233.33,237.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gospel, political gospel was.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=237.54,239.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It was, we were going to have emancipation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=239.493,242.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if the South doesn't give up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=242.47,244.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that was the administration's policy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=244.16,246.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Colonel stone flip-flops on the issue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=246.86,249.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, he also felt initially uneasy about the idea of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=250.93,253.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"enlisting black troops.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=253.39,254.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He wasn't too sure about this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=254.58,256.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this again was the typical conservative Republican","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=256.03,259.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and definitely democratic line.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=259.75,262.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They did not want black troops to serve in the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=262.01,264.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was not for some reason, again, I'm paraphrasing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=265.51,268.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a reporter.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=268.03,268.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was not for some reasons very much in favor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=268.94,271.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the organization of colored regimens","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=271.44,273.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it had been done.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=273.24,274.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And now after the war he's talking he believed that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=274.86,278.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if they would take out of the war what the black men","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=278.85,281.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had done in various ways as guides, Teamsters, mechanics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=281.42,284.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"labors soldiers, he seriously doubted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=284.51,287.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether we could have conquered the South.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=287.64,290.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I say in here that without the black military participation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=291.26,295.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of almost 200,000 black combat troops plus a whole host","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=295.3,300.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of assorted other support people that the civil war","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=301.02,306.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could have been won.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=307.54,308.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He said, \"we'd still be fighting the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=308.373,310.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We'd still be fighting the war if we hadn't enlisted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=310.96,313.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"black troops.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=313.01,314.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course that military contribution had included","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=314.21,317.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowa's own regiment, the 60th US colored infantry","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=317.56,322.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which was well it with it was shared","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=323.44,326.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between the state of Iowa and the state of Missouri","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=326.34,329.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about half the troops were drawn","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=329.09,330.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from various places across Southern Iowa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=330.92,333.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the regiment was filled up with blacks refugees","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=333.963,338.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in and around the St. Louis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=339.76,341.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there was a specific black contribution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=343.18,347.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from this state that in the war.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=347.64,350.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stone's original attitudes in some of those,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=351.7,353.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"virtually all mainstream Republicans in Iowa as elsewhere,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=353.85,356.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but war particularly the quality of African-Americans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=356.81,360.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"participation in the union effort caused him to see things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=360.26,363.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a conventional post-war mix of political imperatives","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=363.62,366.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and simple justice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=366.69,367.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Put another way what were originally policy necessities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=367.92,371.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"became transcendent virtues, abolishing slavery became","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=371.54,375.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not only necessary to destroy the South stability","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=375.03,377.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to wage war but also fulfilled God's law","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=377.6,381.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mandating universal human kinship.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=381.68,384.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Black citizenship in the South became","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=384.68,387.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"more than the main means of consolidating Confederate defeat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=387.44,390.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by protecting the freed from reinslavement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=390.7,393.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It also became a reward for work time loyalty to the union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=393.71,397.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"About equal suffrage in post-war Iowa Stone admitted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=398.62,401.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in July, 1865 that he'd been hesitant only two weeks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=401.2,404.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"earlier he wasn't sure whether equal rights was the thing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=404.67,408.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=408.49,409.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it is, and I'm paraphrasing once again,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=409.88,412.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it is truly was not in favor of putting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=412.04,413.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that equal rights plank in the 1865 Republican platform","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=413.86,418.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they did not think there was any practical necessity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=418.06,420.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for it, but it was the third accompli.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=420.76,424.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And now he recognized that racially impartial suffrage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=424.0,427.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Iowa was not only necessary part of national strategy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=427.05,430.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"vis-a-vis the South, but would also be an appropriate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=430.02,432.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"acknowledgement that Ioaw's black politician","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=432.62,436.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had vote population rater, black population had vicariously","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=436.09,441.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"proved its worthiness through its sponsorship","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=441.37,444.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a black combat regimen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=444.19,446.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Governors known in other words was every man as Republican","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=446.78,450.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what we find in his personal attitude in the Odyssey","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=450.5,453.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is not from, enormous emotional","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=453.8,456.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or intellectual conversion experience but simply that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=456.46,459.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he read the newspaper, he listened to what people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=459.59,461.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were saying.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=461.71,462.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He observed things and then he reflected some on what he saw","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=462.543,466.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and observed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=466.28,467.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was not an intellectual.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=467.113,468.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he in turn conveyed his changed attitudes to others","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=469.54,472.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very forcefully.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=472.21,473.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, for he happened to be one of the best","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=473.34,475.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stumps speakers around just to give you an example","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=475.14,479.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the kind of speech he could","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=479.23,481.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the kind of the kind of rhetoric he could come out with.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=481.45,484.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hear this from an 1865 campaign speech.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=484.88,488.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But you have to keep in mind that what he's talking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=488.07,491.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about here is black equality, that's the topic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=491.18,494.213"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll quote him here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=495.29,496.587"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I say that we Republicans carried out the spirit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=496.587,499.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the declaration of independence in that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=499.21,501.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"platform resolution when we said that all men were equal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=501.13,504.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before the law\" applause.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=504.01,507.617"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"We stand where Madison and Franklin and Jefferson stood","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=507.617,510.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when we assert that all men are equal before the law.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=510.44,513.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we stand where stood the framers of the federal constitution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=513.89,517.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where the men stood and fought the battles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=517.2,518.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the revolution\", applause.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=518.84,521.687"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I tell you that this principle that all men are equal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=521.687,525.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"comes from the almighty God himself,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=525.32,527.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it must and will prevail\", applause.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=527.62,530.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They audience response to this kind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=532.96,535.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of rhetoric you see is charged with meaning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=535.75,539.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the words themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=539.23,541.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A measure of the significance of such rhetoric","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=541.5,543.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is whether or not important numbers of Iowa's voters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=543.58,546.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"actually changed their minds","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=546.1,547.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after listening to this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=547.63,549.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Modifying, if not their attitudes then at least","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=549.4,551.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their conception of how they thought they should behave.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=551.82,554.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when it came to questions of equal rights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=554.86,558.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, how many who had voted no in 1857","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=558.34,561.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then turned around and voted yes in 1868.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=561.91,565.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, given the rapid growth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=565.73,567.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"typical of the frontier population Iowa's electorate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=567.03,569.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was necessarily very different in 1868","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=569.72,572.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from what it had been 11 years earlier.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=572.71,574.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It is almost in fact, within the range","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=574.96,576.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of statistical possibility that 1868 referendum triumph","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=576.84,581.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could have been caused solely by new voters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=581.1,583.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is young men who had arrived in the state","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=583.12,585.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or were old men who had arrived in the state after 1857","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=585.96,589.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or who had come a voting age during the intervening year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=589.71,592.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is that completely different set of voters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=592.53,596.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had voted yes in 1868 and the older voters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=596.02,600.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were still voting no.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=600.29,601.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's almost statistically possible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=601.14,604.265"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is that without a single Iowan really","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=604.265,607.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reversing his 1850 position on civil rights in 1868.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=607.64,612.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, we can test that one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=613.29,614.937"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The lights please.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=619.44,620.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What we have here is how the Fremont voters,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=623.67,628.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how the Republicans of 1856 voted in 1857","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=631.87,636.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then how they voted in 1868.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=638.28,641.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is again, is this mysterious technique","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=642.646,645.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"called the equal multiple ecological regression?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=645.8,649.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what we have is the yes, 25, no","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=649.55,653.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's that's a hundred percent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=653.17,654.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There and then 1868 date, 11 years later,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=654.26,657.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"taking into account the whole question of new voters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=657.27,660.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so forth and so on some technicalities there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=660.47,663.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm going over really quickly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=663.54,665.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in 1868 you see then you have 78%. the yes voters.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=665.69,670.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And these are the same people, technically speaking.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=671.255,675.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are the same people in 1857, 25% yes, 1868 78% yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=675.35,680.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You see a lot of them have changed their minds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=682.77,685.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We'll be getting around that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=686.136,687.586"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In numerical terms something like twenty-five thousand","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=690.28,692.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"antebellum Republicans like governor Stone","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=692.75,696.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"changed their minds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=696.14,697.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Something like twenty-five thousand","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=699.52,700.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"antibellum Republicans who'd opposed equal suffrage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=700.953,703.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before the war either by voting no, or by ruling off","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=703.93,707.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or who had not turned out to vote in 1857","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=707.17,711.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"switched to supporting black suffrage, 1868.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=711.1,715.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now the rest of table two compares successive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=715.1,717.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Republican electorates on equal rights over time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=717.75,720.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is the I'm showing you here the 1856 Republican","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=720.46,724.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"electorate, how they then voted first","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=724.86,727.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the first time then voted the second time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=728.651,730.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The rest of the table has a lot","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=730.41,732.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the other electorates listed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=732.81,735.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I won't pause to say much about them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=735.5,738.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I'll just show you the kind of stuff one can have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=738.45,742.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at one's disposal to address this kind of question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=742.26,746.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here's the electorate(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=749.54,753.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't regress them all the way to 1818","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=754.11,758.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because that's 20 years and that's a little implausible","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=758.22,762.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=762.54,763.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But when we get to the second election 1864","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=763.373,766.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we'll see that 95% of them vote yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=766.73,770.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again 1868, but in 1880, you see you have this fall off,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=770.08,775.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that kind that said that 95% false, 70% a little off","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=777.862,781.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both from 1% to 10%.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=781.88,783.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stone voters 1865, 93%, yes, 77% no, and they also fall off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=784.62,789.264"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is the story of the difference between 1868 and '88.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=789.264,794.264"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a question of being high on 1868","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=794.35,797.847"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then having a decay occurred in this galitary position.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=800.782,805.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is set for various Republican electrics over time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=805.54,810.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It seems reasonable to suppose the importance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=818.21,820.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of party loyalties in precise political context","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=820.46,822.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not withstanding that some voter group shifted position","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=822.88,825.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on equal rights, more readily than others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=825.81,828.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the following table will rather quickly show some","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=828.54,833.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the tests of this presumption.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=833.64,835.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is to say that not all Republicans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=835.61,837.822"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are going to perform this, the shift the same way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=837.822,842.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as other groups of Republicans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=842.63,844.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we can even ask, you know, what did the Democrats do?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=844.58,846.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can tell you what the Democrats do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=846.83,848.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They never do vote yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=848.19,849.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No groups of Democrats ever go in favor of equal rights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=849.76,854.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's only the Republicans that have this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=855.66,858.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"built-in potentiality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=858.06,861.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's only with them that one really needs to worry","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=861.2,865.856"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about any of this stuff in some respects.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=865.856,870.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now let me run through some of this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=870.08,873.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I guess I, okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=873.89,876.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's flip this, for example, at the workforce.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=876.96,881.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me go a little bit, but they cannot date or not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=883.87,886.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I looked at the workforce and is a farm.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=887.71,891.489"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what I did is I brought police and the farmers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=891.489,894.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"down on lease.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=894.21,895.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I said, \"Let's take cost and pull our counties","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=895.07,899.532"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and divide them that way.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=899.532,901.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I have, and what we say is it's not too much","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=901.49,904.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of difference here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=904.63,906.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The prospers, the farmers are maybe technically correct.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=906.15,911.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Farmers in prosperous areas as measured","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=911.98,915.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by value of livestock.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=915.32,917.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You see 42% of those who are qualified for both","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=919.201,924.201"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a Republican that is more Democrat,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=929.2,934.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they only 9% yes In 1857,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=936.551,939.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Republican is an increase of the debt over over 50%.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=941.02,946.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They are now much more in favor of equal rights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=946.34,950.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"From 1968 than they were earlier.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=950.79,953.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this true really all the way down","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=953.0,956.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that those in co-operations were black farmers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=956.39,959.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that were in propriety of occupation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=959.91,963.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's good for the citizens non farmers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=963.2,966.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Really the good thing about this is that it displays","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=966.12,971.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the salience of a party.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=971.41,973.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is to say what matters most of all, with respect","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=973.7,977.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to equal rights questions, whether you were Republican","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=977.16,979.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or Democrat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=979.49,980.323"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What we see is that the advance and republicanism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=980.323,984.244"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of every group here is informally correlated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=984.244,989.244"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the advanced and progressive attitudes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=989.69,993.864"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"toward equal rights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=993.864,995.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Table four has to do with, this time I'm not exhausting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=998.82,1003.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the possibilities I'm just showing you some of them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1007.61,1010.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is religious groups.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1012.03,1014.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And here the religious day come through","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1014.2,1016.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Church accommodation stuff.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1018.933,1020.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In this case, in the 1860 United States published census,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1021.325,1025.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and here they are listed in terms of size.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1028.509,1031.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, the Methodist like so many Irelanders am still today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1031.43,1034.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Methodism is the prevailing islanders religion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1034.79,1039.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it was true a hundred and whatever it was years ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1039.88,1044.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that I at least divided the upstate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1045.52,1048.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and downstate concrete sense of the Methodist church","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1048.64,1051.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to roots.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1051.36,1052.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And a Baptist Roman Catholic consultants.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1053.82,1056.736"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now what one wants to say there is that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1056.736,1060.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's a considerable amount of difference","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1060.2,1062.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and how these different groups support","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1063.39,1067.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or don't support equal suffrage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1067.06,1069.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I won't pause to go through each group.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1069.57,1073.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll quickly summarize that as I've done here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1073.09,1076.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1856, downstate Methodists, Catholics,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1079.23,1082.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"disciples of Christ, the Episcopalians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1082.61,1084.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they registered all as predominantly democratic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1084.65,1088.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and by 1868, all of these but the Catholics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1088.29,1091.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had become decisively Republican.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1091.81,1093.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is to say the Republican party conquers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1093.86,1097.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"politically Congress, all of these groups,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1097.3,1099.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"except the the Catholics who remain Democrats","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1099.44,1103.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the disciples of Christ and the Lutherans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1103.76,1107.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have remained split between the two parties.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1107.52,1112.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yet all church groups dramatically elevated their support","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1113.52,1116.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for equal suffrage between 1857 and 1868.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1116.33,1119.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was Quakers the only group to yield more yes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1119.53,1122.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than no balance in 1857.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1122.17,1125.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the most Republican admitting denomination","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1125.42,1127.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they provided the steepest rise.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1127.61,1129.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lutherans aside, the most obvious central tendency","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1131.81,1134.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that each church group increased both its republicanism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1134.66,1137.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and its support for equal rights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1137.6,1139.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Very quickly, cultural groups.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1140.75,1145.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These are determined by players, various types in this case","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1146.819,1151.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"acceptance of Iowa in 1856.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1151.783,1154.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"New York, Pennsylvania, and Southern Irish Germans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1157.63,1161.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here the behaviors of these pre-war ethno-cultural groups","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1164.07,1169.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are interesting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1170.088,1171.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Neither the Irish, nor the Germans engage support","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1171.78,1174.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of any kind or any substance to black suffered either in '57","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1174.1,1178.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or '68 but the yes percentages among all the other groups","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1178.39,1181.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rise sharply.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1181.26,1183.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this table, the new Englanders play the role","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1183.12,1185.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Quakers in the religious table.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1185.43,1188.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although these were not overlapping groups.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1189.442,1191.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yankees were the second most Republican.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1191.4,1193.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were the only group to yield more yes than no votes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1193.55,1196.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in '57 and '68 they increased their support of equal rights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1196.04,1200.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"virtually to 100%.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1200.07,1202.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, the Yankees and the Irish here in Iowa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1202.57,1206.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as in other parts of the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1206.21,1208.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is no big surprise.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1208.03,1209.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is the data here confirm what we think","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1209.44,1212.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was true elsewhere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1212.81,1215.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Yankees and the Irish are a kind of mirror images","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1215.7,1218.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of each other when it comes to attitude twards","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1218.95,1222.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and behavior toward black.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1222.04,1223.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The most egalitarian and new Englanders","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1223.8,1226.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the most racially conservative naitivity group, the Irish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1226.47,1230.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One more sec.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1234.61,1237.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here are the post-war ethno-cultural groups.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1237.39,1240.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These data drawn from the reference of 1800 and 70's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1240.44,1245.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Here the New Englanders have become such a small proportion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1248.49,1252.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Islanders voting population.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1252.31,1254.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They dropped out or just had enough of them to add in here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1254.26,1258.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but we have, we are able to do something with the Germans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1258.05,1263.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's no different from 1870 census.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1264.5,1266.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The attorney would then divide them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1268.05,1269.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if many who lived there were mainly Roman Catholic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1269.6,1272.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"According to what parts of Germany they come from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1272.24,1274.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and whether those parts of Germany were predominantly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1274.83,1277.145"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ruled by the Catholic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1277.145,1278.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"See whether they're, you know, to see whether","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1278.52,1281.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the religious persuasion is making a difference.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1282.013,1285.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, what does this tell us?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1288.0,1291.647"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It tells us that that people change their minds.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1291.647,1295.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The New Yorkers and the Pennsylvania and the Ohioans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1300.126,1305.126"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They are the most firmly pro grant groups at 1868.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1305.94,1310.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They decline a good deal as politics shift in the 1870s","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1311.68,1315.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to concerns no longer related to the war","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1315.6,1318.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but these three Republican groups, yes, percentage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1318.63,1320.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on equal rights fell much more drastically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1320.85,1323.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than their enthusiasm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1323.09,1324.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for Republican presidential candidates.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1324.21,1327.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that we have 70% decline among new Yorkers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1327.15,1330.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"40%, I'm sorry, 40 point decline among Pennsylvania","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1330.65,1335.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over 30 point decline among Ohioans with respect to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1335.35,1338.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"enthusiasm for black rights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1338.1,1340.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In contrast the yes percentage among the mainly democratic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1340.19,1343.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"southerners improved at that, that while among Irish","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1343.24,1346.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Germans, it held steady.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1346.61,1349.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Finally, it will be noted that virtually no voter of Irish","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1349.15,1351.631"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or German Catholic background cast a yes ballot","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1351.631,1355.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in either referendum.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1355.56,1356.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So in the earlier data where we have Germans being against","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1356.61,1361.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"black suffrage, you see what was being hidden there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1362.71,1367.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was that the Germans were dividing up as they do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1367.46,1369.826"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in these data.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1369.826,1371.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Lutherans are much more progressive racially speaking.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1371.64,1376.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then the German Catholics are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1376.31,1379.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But a ballot majority is for free white repeal in 1880","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1381.4,1384.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"carry only the Pennsylvanians, the Ohioans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1384.7,1386.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the German Lutherans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1386.99,1388.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now this, by no means exhaust the tabulated data","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1388.94,1391.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but enough is enough.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1391.53,1393.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd like to conclude by just talking about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1393.14,1396.188"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what I think are some of the larger meanings of this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1396.188,1401.188"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowa experience.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1401.85,1404.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowa's authentic equal suffrage victory of 1868","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1404.07,1407.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"finds a little by way of application or support","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1407.66,1410.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the historical literature.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1410.11,1411.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Scholarly validation of his experience must be solved","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1411.78,1414.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"elsewhere more fully than expected, perhaps it is to be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1414.86,1418.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"found in the classical behavior literature","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1418.21,1420.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on racial attitudes and attitude change.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1420.47,1423.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I won't pause to tell about each one of these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1423.35,1425.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but there are some landmarks that stand forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1425.82,1429.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Richard Lapierre's 1934 experiments suggesting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1429.5,1432.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the important distinction between attitudes and behavior.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1432.76,1435.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gunnar Myrtle's elevation in 1944","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1435.92,1438.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the strategic implications of the adapted behavior","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1438.42,1443.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the attitude behavior dichotomy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1443.76,1446.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to an ideology behavior disjunction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1446.2,1448.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the so-called American dilemma.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1448.81,1451.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's Robert K Merton's 1949 modification of Murdoch","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1451.58,1454.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which includes the concept of the unprejudiced discriminator","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1454.95,1458.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the prejudice non discriminator.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1458.96,1462.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's TW Adorno and his associates who in 1950","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1462.08,1467.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"isolated truly hardcore racists as a very special case","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1468.12,1472.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of person whose transformation requires psychotherapy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1472.62,1476.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's Gordon W Alport's 1954 suggestion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1476.94,1479.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the tripartite division of white attitudes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1479.91,1484.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into three large groups.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1484.34,1486.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Neurotic, bigots, ideological egalitarians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1486.43,1490.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a conforming majority that will go either way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1490.64,1495.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it gets the appropriate signals to go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1495.23,1498.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then finally Thomas pedigree who's a student","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1498.48,1501.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of all ports whose research based underpinning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1504.44,1507.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to this important approach in theoretical formulation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1507.66,1511.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is provided.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1511.15,1512.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"According to Pedigree, only 15% of white adult Americans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1512.68,1516.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are uncompromising deep seated racists whose extreme","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1516.9,1521.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anti-black prejudice is a rise","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1521.41,1523.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from authoritarian personality needs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1523.33,1526.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is only about 15% of Americans test out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1526.39,1530.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as pathogenic racists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1530.34,1535.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At the other extreme, there are about 25%","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1536.33,1539.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Americans whose test out as ideologically egalitarian.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1539.35,1544.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They can do no other but then to see everybody as equal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1545.35,1549.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we have these two extremes in America","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1549.94,1553.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"says Pedigree's research, 15% the negative end","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1553.21,1557.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"twenty-five percent, the positive end.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1557.23,1558.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then we have everybody else in the middle","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1558.97,1561.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the middle will go anyway it's supposed to go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1561.1,1564.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It will vote yes, it will vote no, it will not vote at all.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1564.5,1567.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It depends on what you tell it to do.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1567.6,1571.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was just conforming three fifths as he calls it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1571.283,1574.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who are susceptible to pressure and persuasion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1574.75,1578.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And therefore capable of changing their behavior","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1578.1,1580.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from discriminatory to egalitarian in fairly short order.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1580.46,1584.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It doesn't take that much to do, he says.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1584.01,1586.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now this Pedigrean statement it seems to me serves as a kind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1587.36,1589.799"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of concise decoding vial as egalitarian in moment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1589.799,1594.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it validates the Iowa experiences","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1594.33,1596.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as more than something that can be, should be dismissed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1596.5,1599.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as out of hand as nearly exceptional","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1599.56,1602.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nothing but historical oddity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1602.14,1604.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Therefore historic graphically insignificant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1604.36,1606.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think the Iowa experience is very significant.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1606.81,1609.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now something happened to 19 secretaries about these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1611.13,1613.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these kinds of psychological tests and hypotheses.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1613.81,1618.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There came an importance series of ideological events","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1619.545,1623.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that exerted an impact on this validation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1623.33,1626.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The death of Martin Luther King helped fuel the shift","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1627.49,1631.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from non-violent civil disobedience to what came to be known","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1631.41,1635.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as black power, which involved the conscious repudiation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1635.46,1640.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by mainstream black activists of the Medallian psychological","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1640.0,1645.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"strategies that had achieved the civil rights victories","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1645.31,1647.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the 1940s and 1950s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1647.9,1650.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At the same time, all partian psychology came to be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1650.75,1653.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"discredited by Thomas pedigree's involvement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1653.47,1656.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a strategy planner in the Boston school","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1656.38,1659.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"desegregation business, which has J Anthony Lucas reminds us","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1659.64,1663.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"turned violent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1663.62,1665.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And pedigree left Harvard and went to California.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1666.03,1671.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In the profession of history meanwhile there came to be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1672.928,1675.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"coincidentally, the rise of what August Meyer has called","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1675.43,1678.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the new paradigm of black history.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1678.17,1680.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Concerned less with African-Americans historical role rather","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1680.43,1685.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the larger society than what the distinctiveness","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1685.27,1688.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of their institutions, their communities, their culture.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1688.11,1691.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The new model of black history had an enormous impact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1691.38,1694.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the historiography of the next 25 years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1694.35,1697.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and its extreme form.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1697.69,1700.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This new paradigm of black history embrace this Meyer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1700.91,1704.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a deeply felt conviction that white America is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1704.53,1708.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and always has been, and probably always will be hopelessly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1708.71,1713.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And unredeemably racist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1713.93,1716.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now most of those definitely espousing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1717.91,1719.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this very pessimistic view.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1720.68,1723.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Most of those openly espouse in this very pessimistic view","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1723.52,1726.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have been black Afro Americans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1726.18,1728.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although their indignation is strongly influenced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1728.69,1730.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an entire generation of white historians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1730.85,1732.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"perhaps best exemplified in the later work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1732.73,1735.832"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with later work with Evan Woodward","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1735.832,1736.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and many of the most prestigious students.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1736.89,1740.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The pessimistic historical mood of such scholars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1740.64,1743.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"both black and white was only exacerbated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1743.15,1745.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the 1980s by president Reagan, whose posture of innocence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1745.28,1749.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and ability to offer mainstream America a vision","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1749.31,1752.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of itself as innocent of racism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1752.16,1754.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Shelby steels phrasing further alienated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1754.44,1757.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"black historians and those white scholars who","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1757.91,1760.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out of the guilty deference depended upon black scholars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1760.01,1764.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for their ideological queues.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1764.25,1766.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Allow me a personal experience just quickly to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1767.1,1769.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"explain what the result of this kind of thing can be.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1769.23,1774.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I read an early version of this paper","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1774.02,1775.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at an annual conference on emancipation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1775.73,1777.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and its aftermath in New York city in in 1986,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1777.77,1782.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there at some point in my presentation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1782.86,1785.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"within the hearing of a confidant of mine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1785.71,1788.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a prominent black female historian remarked","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1788.043,1790.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a prominent white feminist historian quote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1790.97,1793.987"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I'm not coming to this conference again\", unquote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1793.987,1798.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well you see what that means is that the pessimist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1798.29,1802.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and optimist they're not arguing with each other.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1802.94,1805.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is those who believed that America's unredeemably","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1805.75,1809.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and hopelessly racist simply do not want to hear","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1809.34,1814.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the Iowa experience because they cannot explain it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1814.8,1818.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It upsets them at, it offends them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1818.56,1822.399"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it's going to be ignored because it simply","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1822.399,1825.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's no place to put it intellectually","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1825.99,1828.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into either their experience","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1828.9,1830.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or into the historical literature which is still dominated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1830.67,1835.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the pessimistic mood if you will.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1835.59,1838.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In recent years, however, what might be thought of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1840.58,1843.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as an optimist school of which I guess","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1843.06,1845.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've been identified as part of has been quietly forming","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1845.89,1849.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"among American historians of racial relations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1849.93,1852.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The work for example of J Morgan Couser who ironically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1852.75,1857.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"enough as this Evan Woodward student, but his work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1857.46,1860.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on 19th century origins of school desegregation litigation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1860.81,1865.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which in the 1880s, 1890s court suits","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1865.18,1869.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against desegregated school system for a winning in states","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1871.35,1875.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all over the country, Louisiana, Kansas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1875.38,1877.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and here in Iowa as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1877.68,1879.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's completely not part of the literature you see","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1879.64,1882.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of black protest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1882.85,1884.525"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Blacks were not supposed to win school desegregation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1884.525,1888.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"court cases in the late 19th century, but they were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1888.49,1891.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but nobody knows about it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1891.62,1892.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nobody wants to hear about it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1892.94,1894.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the prevailing Orthodox you see as one of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1894.7,1899.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"America has been unredeemably racist.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1899.31,1902.559"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there are some of us who are beginning to assert","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1902.559,1907.559"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that 19th century America had much more moral capacity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1907.95,1911.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for racial justice then the current orthodoxy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1911.28,1914.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as defined by the ironic paradigm gives it credit for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1914.29,1917.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But Iowas egalitarian moment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1918.36,1919.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the historian's perspective, possesses aspects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1919.92,1923.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"good, and bad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1923.06,1924.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And let me really finish on this note.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1925.725,1927.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The upside is that it was a straightforward instance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1927.96,1930.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a white majority in a large civil jurisdiction","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1930.82,1934.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"voluntarily relinquishing its assertion of black inferiority","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1934.67,1939.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hitherto the idea of black inferiority had been a means","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1942.24,1946.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of maintaining its own guiltless, its own innocence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1946.49,1950.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about racial wrongdoing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1950.64,1953.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowans before 1868, as the people all over the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1953.17,1957.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could say, \"We are innocent of wrongdoing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1957.73,1960.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"toward blacks because they are inferior, they deserve it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1960.79,1964.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They don't blame us that's just the way it is\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1964.94,1967.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By relinquishing this mythology","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1967.69,1970.001"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and by admitting black adult males to the electorate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1970.001,1975.001"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then you see Ioans have given up this idea","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1977.72,1981.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they are in effect repudiating it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1981.07,1983.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, this is a very important act you see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1983.63,1986.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1868, if not exactly in 1880 Ireland self-consciously","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1986.83,1990.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did the right thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1990.44,1991.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in doing so, they set an example for the nation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1991.92,1994.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to follow and it seems entirely correct to honor them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1994.42,1998.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a sense for that very reason.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=1998.35,2001.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the downside is that Iowans experienced was not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2001.35,2004.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"transferable elsewhere not even to other Northern States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2004.2,2007.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to say nothing of transferable to where it was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2007.84,2010.107"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the most desperately needed which was the South.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2010.107,2013.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The most obvious difference and it doesn't take,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2013.81,2016.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a superior IQ to think this through after a bit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2018.408,2021.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's a difference between Iowa in the South.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2021.24,2022.787"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the big difference is, the South, the former slave state","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2022.787,2026.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the region of of slavery was this, that in the Hawkeye state","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2028.08,2033.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was no economic investment in black inferiority.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2033.7,2037.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Black Iowans could become full participants","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2038.56,2041.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the political system without disturbing the prevailing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2041.33,2044.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"system of labor, the economic status quo,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2044.78,2047.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that's not true in the South.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2047.3,2049.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Once you admit Southern blacks into the voting population","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2049.4,2052.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then things are going to disrupt the attempt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2052.96,2056.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by white southerners to bring blacks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2056.43,2059.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into a form of slavery known as PNH and keep them there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2059.17,2062.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that there's a cheap black labor supply","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2062.45,2064.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that one can grow cotton and raise tobacco.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2064.97,2068.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it is perhaps no paradox that Southern blacks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2068.44,2071.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would not be truly emancipated in the United States","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2071.5,2074.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until the passage of the civil rights act in night in 1964.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2074.49,2078.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the voting rights act in 1965 by which point","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2079.72,2084.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Southern agribusiness was well on its way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2086.12,2088.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through mechanization to overcoming its traditional need","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2088.96,2092.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for cheap black labor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2092.01,2093.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So African-Americans in the United States become","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2093.4,2097.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"finally emancipated just at the moment finally","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2097.3,2100.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when there isn't that heavy investment by the South","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2100.56,2104.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in that form of cheap labor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2104.53,2107.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well back to Iowa one can just conclude on this note","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2109.02,2112.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was the Hawkeye state and especially a good place for blacks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2112.92,2115.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to live.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2115.45,2116.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well there's a lot of evidence that this was a relatively","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2116.47,2121.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"benign place for blacks to live.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2122.57,2125.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For example, the Iowa's record on on lynchings","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2125.3,2128.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was exemplary.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2128.22,2129.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was a lynching of a black person in Dubuque in 1840.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2129.53,2134.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And from then until, until at least 1912","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2135.637,2139.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were no other lynchings Iowa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2139.13,2141.881"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were no illegal punishments for crime in Iowa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2141.881,2146.881"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at least until 1912, which covers a considerable period","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2147.97,2152.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which there was all sorts of violence done to blacks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2153.57,2156.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in States like Nebraska and Illinois and certainly Missouri.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2156.53,2160.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Black sojourners from George Washington, Carver","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2160.82,2163.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to Helen Caldwell day testified to the lack of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2163.15,2165.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"racial discrimination.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2165.81,2166.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They felt here, Lawrence C. Jones after facing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2166.97,2170.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"down a Mississippi Lynch mob certainly knew the difference","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2170.54,2173.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between black life in Iowa and in the deep South.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2173.04,2176.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Northern migrating residents of Buxton,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2176.25,2179.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the racially integrated Iowa coal mining town","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2179.34,2181.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the turn of the century years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2181.58,2183.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These residents later look back fondly on their experience","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2183.48,2186.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and compared it unfavorably to life in Des Moines","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2186.56,2189.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Iowas most famous contemporary black native","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2190.36,2193.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the opera star Simon S stage grew up in Centerville","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2193.4,2197.725"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the Missouri border","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2197.725,2200.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a town in which the miss the movie theater","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2200.06,2202.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was racially segregated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2202.84,2204.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although he and his white high school friends integrated it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2204.23,2207.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without incident one afternoon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2207.12,2209.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But let Iowans not wallow in their innocence.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2209.48,2212.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is not an occasion for celebrating Iowans special favor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2212.85,2217.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and special achievement in this line.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2220.285,2224.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1875 the young man who would become baseball's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2224.43,2228.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first superstar, professional big league baseball's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2228.04,2231.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first superstar signed with the Chicago white Sox in 1875.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2231.61,2235.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He became the club's player coach","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2235.88,2237.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then the player manager almost","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2237.74,2239.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until the end of the century.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2239.75,2241.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To social historians however, Adrian Pat Anson","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2241.62,2245.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is most important because in the 1890s, he forced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2245.61,2248.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the major leagues to divest in selves of their black players","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2248.61,2252.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By refusing to let his Chicago white Sox play","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2252.96,2256.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against teams that had black players he single-handedly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2256.21,2259.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"segregated big league professional baseball","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2259.62,2262.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a handicap that the sport would not overcome ofcourse","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2262.61,2265.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until the painful ordeal of Jackie Robinson in 1946.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2265.16,2270.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Good old Cat Bansen, another redneck from Georgia","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2270.1,2273.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or Alabama you might ask, no Cat Bansen was a racist","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2273.16,2277.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"born and bred in Marshalltown, Iowa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2277.76,2280.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2280.57,2281.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(class applauds)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2282.937,2285.687"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think there's few enough of us that take formal questions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2288.838,2293.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why don't those of us questions you'd like to.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=2293.35,2295.65"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27199/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/199/original/AV203940_Bright_Radial_Star_Gender_Politics_and_Goddess_b.vtt?1622140620","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/199/original/AV203940_Bright_Radial_Star_Gender_Politics_and_Goddess_b.vtt?1622140620"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27200","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203940_Bright_Radial_Star_Gender_Politics_and_Goddess_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535/transcript/27200/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- [Instructor] He's called Clonel stone, was a native new Yorker. He was unfortunately again like like a Grenville Dutch raised in a democratic household in New York. Therefore he was imbued with the pre civil war general attitude of the Democrats toward blacks. Although in New York, it's a little bit different, but not all that different. He was reared to Democrat. Now he comes out to Iowa. He participates vigorously in the formation of the Republican party in the state. He stands as a frame Mount elector in 1856. He served briefly, but gallantly in the war as a regiment commander, he survived, barely survived grant scrape, frontal assault on the fortress at Vicksburg, Mississippi. He returned back here to Iowa to recuperate from serious wounds. He was elected governor in 1863 and reelected in 1865. Now he was known for a very down to earth, folksy, gregarious, unpretentious nature and Stone felt compelled by democratic baiting about it during his 1865 re-election campaign to discuss the history of his feelings about black equality. And he did so This was the kind of guy that would lay it out in front of you like Jimmy Carter or someone, not in a buttoned up tight but someone who says, \"Yeah, this is how I felt. And I did this and I did that and I changed my mind.\" He talks about this in many of his campaign speeches and you can pull them all together and get a kind of connected narrative. And in regard with black suffrage referendum of 1857 he had this to say. He said \"In 1857, I voted against it. Not because I was opposed to it as a question of abstract, right? But simply on the ground of expediency I doubted whether we were ready for it.\" But now you see, which is just to say that he did no more than internalized the prevailing Republican party line about black rights in 1857. We weren't ready for it. Now the war came and stone was at first well in that the Warby one without disturbing slavery, again the kind of prevailing Republican party line Lincoln was going around and all during the campaign saying, look we're not going to disturb slavery where exists legally in the original slave state to the South we just don't want it in the West, right? So this was the prevailing line where we're going to fight a civil war just to keep the union together. We're not going to do anything about slavery where it exists legally that is in the 13 original States that are still Southern States. And so he didn't want to mess with slavery as newspaper reporter paraphrased, his explanation quote. He had been rather slow on upon this subject. And he had never been regarded as a strong advocate of emancipation. He had been conservative on this question. He had been raised a Democrat and shared the views of that party. As stone himself, confessed quote, \"I was so conservative. I did not endorse Lincoln's preparatory proclamation of emancipation as hardly as many did. I questioned his expediency at the time. Although by the time when he issued the final proclamation on the 1st of January, 1863 I was fully prepared to sustain\" Now, this is interesting because quick cause what he's saying here. This was a rapid mental adjustment to a kind of fed accompli on the part of Abraham Lincoln. In three and a half months this guy who not in favor of getting rid of slavery suddenly he's in favor of it. He reversed his attitude in just a very short time, once that became clear that that's what the prevailing gospel, political gospel was. It was, we were going to have emancipation if the South doesn't give up. And that was the administration's policy, Colonel stone flip-flops on the issue. Now, he also felt initially uneasy about the idea of enlisting black troops. He wasn't too sure about this. And this again was the typical conservative Republican and definitely democratic line. They did not want black troops to serve in the war. He was not for some reason, again, I'm paraphrasing a reporter. He was not for some reasons very much in favor of the organization of colored regimens but it had been done. And now after the war he's talking he believed that if they would take out of the war what the black men had done in various ways as guides, Teamsters, mechanics labors soldiers, he seriously doubted whether we could have conquered the South. I say in here that without the black military participation of almost 200,000 black combat troops plus a whole host of assorted other support people that the civil war could have been won. He said, \"we'd still be fighting the war. We'd still be fighting the war if we hadn't enlisted black troops.\" And of course that military contribution had included Iowa's own regiment, the 60th US colored infantry which was well it with it was shared between the state of Iowa and the state of Missouri about half the troops were drawn from various places across Southern Iowa. And the regiment was filled up with blacks refugees in and around the St. Louis. So there was a specific black contribution from this state that in the war. Stone's original attitudes in some of those, virtually all mainstream Republicans in Iowa as elsewhere, but war particularly the quality of African-Americans participation in the union effort caused him to see things with a conventional post-war mix of political imperatives and simple justice. Put another way what were originally policy necessities became transcendent virtues, abolishing slavery became not only necessary to destroy the South stability to wage war but also fulfilled God's law mandating universal human kinship. Black citizenship in the South became more than the main means of consolidating Confederate defeat by protecting the freed from reinslavement. It also became a reward for work time loyalty to the union. About equal suffrage in post-war Iowa Stone admitted in July, 1865 that he'd been hesitant only two weeks earlier he wasn't sure whether equal rights was the thing to do. it is, and I'm paraphrasing once again, it is truly was not in favor of putting that equal rights plank in the 1865 Republican platform because they did not think there was any practical necessity for it, but it was the third accompli. And now he recognized that racially impartial suffrage in Iowa was not only necessary part of national strategy vis-a-vis the South, but would also be an appropriate acknowledgement that Ioaw's black politician had vote population rater, black population had vicariously proved its worthiness through its sponsorship of a black combat regimen. Governors known in other words was every man as Republican what we find in his personal attitude in the Odyssey is not from, enormous emotional or intellectual conversion experience but simply that he read the newspaper, he listened to what people were saying. He observed things and then he reflected some on what he saw and observed. He was not an intellectual. And he in turn conveyed his changed attitudes to others very forcefully. In fact, for he happened to be one of the best stumps speakers around just to give you an example of the kind of speech he could the kind of the kind of rhetoric he could come out with. Hear this from an 1865 campaign speech. But you have to keep in mind that what he's talking about here is black equality, that's the topic. I'll quote him here. \"I say that we Republicans carried out the spirit of the declaration of independence in that platform resolution when we said that all men were equal before the law\" applause. \"We stand where Madison and Franklin and Jefferson stood when we assert that all men are equal before the law. we stand where stood the framers of the federal constitution where the men stood and fought the battles of the revolution\", applause. \"I tell you that this principle that all men are equal comes from the almighty God himself, and it must and will prevail\", applause. They audience response to this kind of rhetoric you see is charged with meaning as the words themselves. A measure of the significance of such rhetoric is whether or not important numbers of Iowa's voters actually changed their minds after listening to this. Modifying, if not their attitudes then at least their conception of how they thought they should behave. when it came to questions of equal rights. For example, how many who had voted no in 1857 then turned around and voted yes in 1868. Well, given the rapid growth, typical of the frontier population Iowa's electorate was necessarily very different in 1868 from what it had been 11 years earlier. It is almost in fact, within the range of statistical possibility that 1868 referendum triumph could have been caused solely by new voters. That is young men who had arrived in the state or were old men who had arrived in the state after 1857 or who had come a voting age during the intervening year. That is that completely different set of voters had voted yes in 1868 and the older voters were still voting no. That's almost statistically possible. That is that without a single Iowan really reversing his 1850 position on civil rights in 1868. Well, we can test that one. The lights please. What we have here is how the Fremont voters, how the Republicans of 1856 voted in 1857 and then how they voted in 1868. This is again, is this mysterious technique called the equal multiple ecological regression? And what we have is the yes, 25, no that's that's a hundred percent. There and then 1868 date, 11 years later, taking into account the whole question of new voters and so forth and so on some technicalities there I'm going over really quickly. But in 1868 you see then you have 78%. the yes voters. And these are the same people, technically speaking. These are the same people in 1857, 25% yes, 1868 78% yes. You see a lot of them have changed their minds. We'll be getting around that. In numerical terms something like twenty-five thousand antebellum Republicans like governor Stone changed their minds. Something like twenty-five thousand antibellum Republicans who'd opposed equal suffrage before the war either by voting no, or by ruling off or who had not turned out to vote in 1857 switched to supporting black suffrage, 1868. Now the rest of table two compares successive Republican electorates on equal rights over time. This is the I'm showing you here the 1856 Republican electorate, how they then voted first the first time then voted the second time. The rest of the table has a lot of the other electorates listed. I won't pause to say much about them but I'll just show you the kind of stuff one can have at one's disposal to address this kind of question. Here's the electorate I don't regress them all the way to 1818 because that's 20 years and that's a little implausible to do that. But when we get to the second election 1864 we'll see that 95% of them vote yes. Again 1868, but in 1880, you see you have this fall off, that kind that said that 95% false, 70% a little off both from 1% to 10%. Stone voters 1865, 93%, yes, 77% no, and they also fall off. This is the story of the difference between 1868 and '88. It's a question of being high on 1868 and then having a decay occurred in this galitary position. And this is set for various Republican electrics over time. It seems reasonable to suppose the importance of party loyalties in precise political context not withstanding that some voter group shifted position on equal rights, more readily than others. And the following table will rather quickly show some of the tests of this presumption. That is to say that not all Republicans are going to perform this, the shift the same way as other groups of Republicans. And we can even ask, you know, what did the Democrats do? I can tell you what the Democrats do. They never do vote yes. No groups of Democrats ever go in favor of equal rights. It's only the Republicans that have this built-in potentiality. And it's only with them that one really needs to worry about any of this stuff in some respects. Now let me run through some of this. And I guess I, okay. Let's flip this, for example, at the workforce. Let me go a little bit, but they cannot date or not. And I looked at the workforce and is a farm. So what I did is I brought police and the farmers down on lease. I said, \"Let's take cost and pull our counties and divide them that way.\" So I have, and what we say is it's not too much of difference here. The prospers, the farmers are maybe technically correct. Farmers in prosperous areas as measured by value of livestock. You see 42% of those who are qualified for both a Republican that is more Democrat, and they only 9% yes In 1857, Republican is an increase of the debt over over 50%. They are now much more in favor of equal rights From 1968 than they were earlier. And this true really all the way down that those in co-operations were black farmers that were in propriety of occupation and that's good for the citizens non farmers. Really the good thing about this is that it displays the salience of a party. That is to say what matters most of all, with respect to equal rights questions, whether you were Republican or Democrat. What we see is that the advance and republicanism of every group here is informally correlated with the advanced and progressive attitudes toward equal rights. Table four has to do with, this time I'm not exhausting all the possibilities I'm just showing you some of them This is religious groups. And here the religious day come through Church accommodation stuff. In this case, in the 1860 United States published census, and here they are listed in terms of size. Now, the Methodist like so many Irelanders am still today. Methodism is the prevailing islanders religion and it was true a hundred and whatever it was years ago, so that I at least divided the upstate and downstate concrete sense of the Methodist church to roots. And a Baptist Roman Catholic consultants. Now what one wants to say there is that there's a considerable amount of difference and how these different groups support or don't support equal suffrage. I won't pause to go through each group. I'll quickly summarize that as I've done here. In 1856, downstate Methodists, Catholics, disciples of Christ, the Episcopalians they registered all as predominantly democratic and by 1868, all of these but the Catholics had become decisively Republican. That is to say the Republican party conquers politically Congress, all of these groups, except the the Catholics who remain Democrats and the disciples of Christ and the Lutherans have remained split between the two parties. Yet all church groups dramatically elevated their support for equal suffrage between 1857 and 1868. I was Quakers the only group to yield more yes than no balance in 1857. And the most Republican admitting denomination they provided the steepest rise. Lutherans aside, the most obvious central tendency is that each church group increased both its republicanism and its support for equal rights. Very quickly, cultural groups. These are determined by players, various types in this case acceptance of Iowa in 1856. New York, Pennsylvania, and Southern Irish Germans. Here the behaviors of these pre-war ethno-cultural groups are interesting. Neither the Irish, nor the Germans engage support of any kind or any substance to black suffered either in '57 or '68 but the yes percentages among all the other groups rise sharply. in this table, the new Englanders play the role of the Quakers in the religious table. Although these were not overlapping groups. Yankees were the second most Republican. They were the only group to yield more yes than no votes in '57 and '68 they increased their support of equal rights virtually to 100%. In fact, the Yankees and the Irish here in Iowa, as in other parts of the United States. This is no big surprise. That is the data here confirm what we think was true elsewhere. The Yankees and the Irish are a kind of mirror images of each other when it comes to attitude twards and behavior toward black. The most egalitarian and new Englanders the most racially conservative naitivity group, the Irish. One more sec. Here are the post-war ethno-cultural groups. These data drawn from the reference of 1800 and 70's Here the New Englanders have become such a small proportion of Islanders voting population. They dropped out or just had enough of them to add in here, but we have, we are able to do something with the Germans. That's no different from 1870 census. The attorney would then divide them if many who lived there were mainly Roman Catholic. According to what parts of Germany they come from and whether those parts of Germany were predominantly ruled by the Catholic. See whether they're, you know, to see whether the religious persuasion is making a difference. Well, what does this tell us? It tells us that that people change their minds. The New Yorkers and the Pennsylvania and the Ohioans. They are the most firmly pro grant groups at 1868. They decline a good deal as politics shift in the 1870s to concerns no longer related to the war but these three Republican groups, yes, percentage on equal rights fell much more drastically than their enthusiasm for Republican presidential candidates. so that we have 70% decline among new Yorkers 40%, I'm sorry, 40 point decline among Pennsylvania over 30 point decline among Ohioans with respect to enthusiasm for black rights. In contrast the yes percentage among the mainly democratic southerners improved at that, that while among Irish and Germans, it held steady. Finally, it will be noted that virtually no voter of Irish or German Catholic background cast a yes ballot in either referendum. So in the earlier data where we have Germans being against black suffrage, you see what was being hidden there was that the Germans were dividing up as they do in these data. The Lutherans are much more progressive racially speaking. Then the German Catholics are. But a ballot majority is for free white repeal in 1880 carry only the Pennsylvanians, the Ohioans and the German Lutherans. Now this, by no means exhaust the tabulated data but enough is enough. I'd like to conclude by just talking about what I think are some of the larger meanings of this Iowa experience. Iowa's authentic equal suffrage victory of 1868 finds a little by way of application or support in the historical literature. Scholarly validation of his experience must be solved elsewhere more fully than expected, perhaps it is to be found in the classical behavior literature on racial attitudes and attitude change. I won't pause to tell about each one of these but there are some landmarks that stand forth. Richard Lapierre's 1934 experiments suggesting the important distinction between attitudes and behavior. Gunnar Myrtle's elevation in 1944 of the strategic implications of the adapted behavior of the attitude behavior dichotomy to an ideology behavior disjunction the so-called American dilemma. There's Robert K Merton's 1949 modification of Murdoch which includes the concept of the unprejudiced discriminator and the prejudice non discriminator. There's TW Adorno and his associates who in 1950 isolated truly hardcore racists as a very special case of person whose transformation requires psychotherapy. There's Gordon W Alport's 1954 suggestion of the tripartite division of white attitudes into three large groups. Neurotic, bigots, ideological egalitarians and a conforming majority that will go either way it gets the appropriate signals to go. And then finally Thomas pedigree who's a student of all ports whose research based underpinning to this important approach in theoretical formulation is provided. According to Pedigree, only 15% of white adult Americans are uncompromising deep seated racists whose extreme anti-black prejudice is a rise from authoritarian personality needs. That is only about 15% of Americans test out as pathogenic racists. At the other extreme, there are about 25% of Americans whose test out as ideologically egalitarian. They can do no other but then to see everybody as equal. So we have these two extremes in America says Pedigree's research, 15% the negative end twenty-five percent, the positive end. And then we have everybody else in the middle and the middle will go anyway it's supposed to go. It will vote yes, it will vote no, it will not vote at all. It depends on what you tell it to do. I was just conforming three fifths as he calls it who are susceptible to pressure and persuasion. And therefore capable of changing their behavior from discriminatory to egalitarian in fairly short order. It doesn't take that much to do, he says. Now this Pedigrean statement it seems to me serves as a kind of concise decoding vial as egalitarian in moment. And it validates the Iowa experiences as more than something that can be, should be dismissed as out of hand as nearly exceptional nothing but historical oddity. Therefore historic graphically insignificant. I think the Iowa experience is very significant. Now something happened to 19 secretaries about these these kinds of psychological tests and hypotheses. There came an importance series of ideological events that exerted an impact on this validation. The death of Martin Luther King helped fuel the shift from non-violent civil disobedience to what came to be known as black power, which involved the conscious repudiation by mainstream black activists of the Medallian psychological strategies that had achieved the civil rights victories of the 1940s and 1950s. At the same time, all partian psychology came to be discredited by Thomas pedigree's involvement as a strategy planner in the Boston school desegregation business, which has J Anthony Lucas reminds us turned violent. And pedigree left Harvard and went to California. In the profession of history meanwhile there came to be coincidentally, the rise of what August Meyer has called the new paradigm of black history. Concerned less with African-Americans historical role rather and the larger society than what the distinctiveness of their institutions, their communities, their culture. The new model of black history had an enormous impact on the historiography of the next 25 years and its extreme form. This new paradigm of black history embrace this Meyer a deeply felt conviction that white America is and always has been, and probably always will be hopelessly. And unredeemably racist. Now most of those definitely espousing this very pessimistic view. Most of those openly espouse in this very pessimistic view have been black Afro Americans. Although their indignation is strongly influenced an entire generation of white historians perhaps best exemplified in the later work with later work with Evan Woodward and many of the most prestigious students. The pessimistic historical mood of such scholars both black and white was only exacerbated in the 1980s by president Reagan, whose posture of innocence and ability to offer mainstream America a vision of itself as innocent of racism and Shelby steels phrasing further alienated black historians and those white scholars who out of the guilty deference depended upon black scholars for their ideological queues. Allow me a personal experience just quickly to explain what the result of this kind of thing can be. I read an early version of this paper at an annual conference on emancipation and its aftermath in New York city in in 1986, there at some point in my presentation within the hearing of a confidant of mine a prominent black female historian remarked to a prominent white feminist historian quote, \"I'm not coming to this conference again\", unquote. Well you see what that means is that the pessimist and optimist they're not arguing with each other. That is those who believed that America's unredeemably and hopelessly racist simply do not want to hear about the Iowa experience because they cannot explain it. It upsets them at, it offends them and it's going to be ignored because it simply there's no place to put it intellectually into either their experience or into the historical literature which is still dominated by the pessimistic mood if you will. In recent years, however, what might be thought of as an optimist school of which I guess I've been identified as part of has been quietly forming among American historians of racial relations. The work for example of J Morgan Couser who ironically enough as this Evan Woodward student, but his work on 19th century origins of school desegregation litigation in which in the 1880s, 1890s court suits against desegregated school system for a winning in states all over the country, Louisiana, Kansas and here in Iowa as well. It's completely not part of the literature you see of black protest. Blacks were not supposed to win school desegregation court cases in the late 19th century, but they were but nobody knows about it. Nobody wants to hear about it because the prevailing Orthodox you see as one of America has been unredeemably racist. So there are some of us who are beginning to assert that 19th century America had much more moral capacity for racial justice then the current orthodoxy as defined by the ironic paradigm gives it credit for But Iowas egalitarian moment from the historian's perspective, possesses aspects good, and bad. And let me really finish on this note. The upside is that it was a straightforward instance of a white majority in a large civil jurisdiction voluntarily relinquishing its assertion of black inferiority Hitherto the idea of black inferiority had been a means of maintaining its own guiltless, its own innocence about racial wrongdoing. Iowans before 1868, as the people all over the United States could say, \"We are innocent of wrongdoing toward blacks because they are inferior, they deserve it. They don't blame us that's just the way it is\" By relinquishing this mythology and by admitting black adult males to the electorate, then you see Ioans have given up this idea and they are in effect repudiating it. Now, this is a very important act you see. In 1868, if not exactly in 1880 Ireland self-consciously did the right thing. And in doing so, they set an example for the nation to follow and it seems entirely correct to honor them in a sense for that very reason. But the downside is that Iowans experienced was not transferable elsewhere not even to other Northern States to say nothing of transferable to where it was the most desperately needed which was the South. The most obvious difference and it doesn't take, a superior IQ to think this through after a bit. There's a difference between Iowa in the South. And the big difference is, the South, the former slave state the region of of slavery was this, that in the Hawkeye state there was no economic investment in black inferiority. Black Iowans could become full participants in the political system without disturbing the prevailing system of labor, the economic status quo, and that's not true in the South. Once you admit Southern blacks into the voting population then things are going to disrupt the attempt by white southerners to bring blacks into a form of slavery known as PNH and keep them there so that there's a cheap black labor supply so that one can grow cotton and raise tobacco. And it is perhaps no paradox that Southern blacks would not be truly emancipated in the United States until the passage of the civil rights act in night in 1964. And the voting rights act in 1965 by which point Southern agribusiness was well on its way through mechanization to overcoming its traditional need for cheap black labor. So African-Americans in the United States become finally emancipated just at the moment finally when there isn't that heavy investment by the South in that form of cheap labor. Well back to Iowa one can just conclude on this note was the Hawkeye state and especially a good place for blacks to live. Well there's a lot of evidence that this was a relatively benign place for blacks to live. For example, the Iowa's record on on lynchings was exemplary. There was a lynching of a black person in Dubuque in 1840. And from then until, until at least 1912 there were no other lynchings Iowa. There were no illegal punishments for crime in Iowa, at least until 1912, which covers a considerable period in which there was all sorts of violence done to blacks in States like Nebraska and Illinois and certainly Missouri. Black sojourners from George Washington, Carver to Helen Caldwell day testified to the lack of racial discrimination. They felt here, Lawrence C. Jones after facing down a Mississippi Lynch mob certainly knew the difference between black life in Iowa and in the deep South. The Northern migrating residents of Buxton, the racially integrated Iowa coal mining town and the turn of the century years. These residents later look back fondly on their experience and compared it unfavorably to life in Des Moines Iowas most famous contemporary black native the opera star Simon S stage grew up in Centerville on the Missouri border in a town in which the miss the movie theater was racially segregated. Although he and his white high school friends integrated it without incident one afternoon. But let Iowans not wallow in their innocence. This is not an occasion for celebrating Iowans special favor and special achievement in this line. In 1875 the young man who would become baseball's first superstar, professional big league baseball's first superstar signed with the Chicago white Sox in 1875. He became the club's player coach and then the player manager almost until the end of the century. To social historians however, Adrian Pat Anson is most important because in the 1890s, he forced the major leagues to divest in selves of their black players By refusing to let his Chicago white Sox play against teams that had black players he single-handedly segregated big league professional baseball a handicap that the sport would not overcome ofcourse until the painful ordeal of Jackie Robinson in 1946. Good old Cat Bansen, another redneck from Georgia or Alabama you might ask, no Cat Bansen was a racist born and bred in Marshalltown, Iowa. Thank you very much. I think there's few enough of us that take formal questions, why don't those of us questions you'd like to.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/42918/file/115535#t=0.0,2301.888"}]}]}]}