{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/513tt4g437/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Mansour, Riyad, Palestinian State"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV203817 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. (accessibility)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Local Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["Lectures_AV203817"]}},{"label":{"en":["Rights Statement"]},"value":{"en":["Per request by the creator, access to this item is restricted to scholarly use only. (access)","This item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. 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perspective","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=13.31,17.616"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on prospects for peace in the Middle East.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=17.616,20.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Feel free to ask any questions at the end.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=21.84,24.377"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And now, please help me welcome Dr. Riyad Mansour.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=24.377,27.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience 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Iowa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=55.942,60.942"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for providing us with this opportunity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=62.94,65.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to come to this part of the United States of America,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=66.94,70.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to meet with you this evening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=71.45,73.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to exchange with you our point of 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peace,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=101.68,104.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"peace based on justice,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=106.501,108.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"peace fair to all parties to the conflict.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=109.5,113.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again, on behalf of the delegation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=114.967,117.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the observer mission of Palestine to the United Nations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=118.404,122.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I want to thank you for this opportunity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=122.743,125.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the reason why our name now is the 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occupation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2037.657,2040.443"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and allowing the State of Palestine","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2040.443,2044.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to exercise sovereignty over its 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Intifada.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2071.11,2076.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't believe they have any additional suggestion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2076.8,2081.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to stop the Intifada.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2083.263,2085.177"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They have only one option left to the Israelis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2086.33,2090.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is the option of withdrawing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2091.81,2095.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the occupied Palestinian territory,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2095.1,2097.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and therefore stopping occupation, terminating occupation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2097.61,2102.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, the Intifada is not only strong","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2106.39,2110.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the occupied territory, but it is also 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leaders","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2114.4,2118.481"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who are saying that Israeli government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2118.481,2122.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"should be speaking to the PLO,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2122.5,2124.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"should be going to the international conference,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2125.11,2127.872"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"should withdraw from occupied 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Intifada.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2144.44,2148.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The American side was facing massive international isolation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2148.32,2153.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before beginning the 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meetings.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2171.31,2173.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The second meeting that took place last week","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2174.81,2176.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between us and the U.S. side,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2176.49,2178.106"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we perceived in a positive way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2178.106,2181.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It lasted for five and a half hours, and it was 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atmosphere","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2195.37,2198.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the convening of the International Peace Conference.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2198.95,2202.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If anyone is interested in dragging this 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objective,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2579.57,2582.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when they don't acknowledge our national rights","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2582.9,2585.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and give Israel billions of dollars and weapons","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2585.86,2589.718"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to maintain occupation and to kill our people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2589.718,2593.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the occupied territories.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2593.46,2595.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We are interested in peace, we are working for peace,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2596.128,2599.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we hope that all those who are 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way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2605.85,2609.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wherever they are, in Ames, Iowa, or anywhere else,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2609.03,2613.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that we can hopefully see the day","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2613.01,2616.635"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we can start the convening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2616.635,2619.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the International Peace Conference,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2619.48,2621.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that we can open a chapter, a new chapter,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2621.42,2624.597"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the history of the Middle East","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2624.597,2627.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to close a bloody sad chapter,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2627.83,2631.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bloody and sad chapter, particularly for our people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2631.25,2635.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Palestinian people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2635.15,2636.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2636.93,2637.909"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience applauding)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2637.909,2641.076"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Who wants to be the first one to ask the first question?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2646.29,2649.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(mumbles)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2650.983,2653.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2653.99,2655.349"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I believe I heard you refer to (mumbles) government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2655.349,2658.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a regime.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2658.7,2660.077"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is that, (mumbles) the PLO (mumbles) government?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2660.077,2665.077"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Its government and its regime.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2665.57,2667.394"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, I did not say it in any offensive way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2667.394,2669.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was trying to be as objective as possible.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2669.6,2671.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e The United States being (mumbles),","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2676.847,2681.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do you think that (mumbles)?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2681.63,2685.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the question is, why do you believe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2686.62,2688.789"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the United States (mumbles) in this position?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2688.789,2692.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e What position?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2692.96,2694.255"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e The position of (mumbles).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2694.255,2698.005"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I believe that it is clear that the United 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way.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2711.493,2714.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One, the Middle East is very close to the Soviet Union","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2716.55,2720.902"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it is, from the point of view of the United States,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2720.902,2725.902"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it is important for the different U.S. administrations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2726.18,2730.571"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to keep the Arab countries away","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2730.571,2733.154"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from the influence of the Soviet Union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2735.35,2739.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Meaning, not to have governments or regimes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2739.03,2744.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the Arab world that are following socialism","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2745.206,2749.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or extremely friendly to the Soviet Union.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2749.47,2753.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So this is one aspect for the interest of the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2753.37,2757.107"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another aspect, which is more important than that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2757.107,2759.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and tied to it, is the fact that the Middle East","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2759.88,2764.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is extremely rich with a strategic commodity: oil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2764.12,2767.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And most companies that are monopolizing oil, Arab oil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2769.03,2774.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are either American companies or Western European","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2778.44,2782.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Japanese companies, which are somehow connected","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2782.38,2786.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with American cartels.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2786.013,2788.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So these are basically the main--","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=2790.01,2792.797"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25252/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/252/original/AV203817_Palestinian_State_a.vtt?1620123011","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/252/original/AV203817_Palestinian_State_a.vtt?1620123011"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25253","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203817_Palestinian_State_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159/transcript/25253/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- I'm glad you're here tonight. Our guest speaker is deputy ambassador of the PLO delegation in the United Nations. He has been kind enough to share with us the PLO perspective on prospects for peace in the Middle East. Feel free to ask any questions at the end. And now, please help me welcome Dr. Riyad Mansour.\r\n\r\n- Good evening. I would like to begin my presentation by expressing our thanks and appreciation to the General Union of Palestine Students in Ames, Iowa, for providing us with this opportunity to come to this part of the United States of America, and to meet with you this evening and to exchange with you our point of view, and to listen to your remarks and questions about the conflict in the Middle East, about the Palestine question, and about prospects for peace and how the Palestine Liberation Organization, the representative of the Palestinian people, see the process of peace, peace based on justice, peace fair to all parties to the conflict. Again, on behalf of the delegation of the observer mission of Palestine to the United Nations, I want to thank you for this opportunity. And the reason why our name now is the delegation of Palestine to the United as opposed to the delegation of the PLO to the UN, is because of the fact that on 15th December, 1988, in Geneva, a very important resolution was adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations, Resolution 43/177, that changed the designation of the PLO to the designation of Palestine in the UN system. And of course this resolution, which was adopted in December, came about as a result of the continuation of the glorious Intifada, the uprising of our people, as a result of the very important political documents adopted in our historic PNC session in Nigeria in November of 1988. And among these important decisions adopted in Nigeria, as you all know, probably, we've proclaimed, we, the representatives of the Palestinian people, in our legislative body, we proclaimed the independence of the State of Palestine and we've adopted a historic peace initiative. These two important political documents require that they, that these two documents to be reflected everywhere and to be reflected at the United Nations. And therefore, in December 15, 1988, one of two resolutions, one of two important political resolutions, was the one that changed our designation from the delegation of the PLO in the UN system, to the delegation of Palestine, and it's obvious, the delegation of the State of Palestine to the United Nations. So this is why our name is this new name. And my brother, who introduced me, as a result of the old, education of all Palestinians, referring to us as delegation of the PLO, he introduced me as the deputy representative or deputy ambassador of the PLO to the UN, which I am the deputy ambassador of the PLO to the UN, but technically speaking, I'm the deputy ambassador of Palestine to the United Nations. Now, in my presentation tonight, I will concentrate on our historic peace initiative. And our historic peace initiative, as you know, was adopted in the political communique in Algeria in November 1988. And in that historic meeting, the Palestinian political thinking reached new level, new level of realism and new level of responsibility, and new level that allowed the Palestinian movement, the PLO, to acquire additional international support and additional international gains. If we examine the decisions in Algeria, we will find these important political developments. In the proclamation of independence, the Palestine Liberation Organization took note in a very clear term, of Resolution 181, which is a resolution that was adopted in 1947 by the United Nations, a resolution that called for the partition of Palestine, and the creation of a Jewish state and an Arab state on Palestine. Now, we all know that the birth certificate of the State of Israel is Resolution 181, but from 1948 until the 15th of November, 1988, the other state, the Palestinian state, which was supposed to be created in accordance with Resolution 181, was not created, and it was proclaimed on the 15th of November. So for the Palestinian national movement to take note, to convey acceptance of the idea of two-state solution on historic Palestine, is a new dimension of the clarity and realism that the Palestinian political thinking have reached. And if one wants to give additional interpretation to the idea of two-state solution, then one can speak about the idea of some form of coexistence between these two states, and in fact, between these two states and all states in the region. Now, Resolution 181, which called for the partition of Palestine, came about as a culmination of a process of the international community, which started prior to 1947, but was culminated in 1947, in the adoption of that resolution, gave the indication to all that international community took upon itself the responsibility to find a solution to the conflict in the Middle East, to the Palestine question. And following on the same logic of allowing the international community to find the solution to the other part, which has not been resolved until now concerning the Palestinian people, is what led us and many of our friends to allow the international community, through the UN, to find a just solution to the conflict. And this is why we are an active party to allowing the mechanism of the convening of the International Peace Conference under the auspices of the UN, to take place, because we believe that the complexity of the conflict in the Middle East and the deep wounds, the level of hatred and difficulties that have been created as a result of this conflict, require additional help and support from other parties, from the international community, to help us to create the most appropriate atmosphere for moving forward, in order to give the option of peace based on justice, a chance, and therefore to allow for the convening of the International Peace Conference, and not only that, but also to allow the International Peace Conference to reach a successful conclusion by reaching a peace treaty between all the parties to the conflict, including the PLO on behalf of the State of Palestine, and all the participants in the conference, to reach a peace treaty that will allow for the actualization of the inalienable national rights of the Palestinian people. And by that, we mean allowing the Palestinian refugees to return to their homes and properties, since the creation of the issue of refugees in 1948, and to allow our people to exercise self-determination and the creation of an independent Palestinian state for the Palestinian people. A peace treaty between all the parties to the conflict that would contain such elements for us, and also we need international community to guarantee the implementation of this peace treaty once we reach that peace treaty in the international conference. Now, all these things that I am saying are part of the logic why we want an International Peace Conference under the auspices of the United Nations, and why we want the participation of the five permanent members of the Security Council in this International Peace Conference. These five permanent members have duty and responsibility to secure international peace and to play a very important role in defusing explosive areas and situations such as the one in the Middle East. Now, in our National Palestine Council, we've adopted this political document that called for many things, including the withdrawal of Israel from all the areas that Israel occupied in 1967, meaning all the Palestinian areas that Israel occupied as that war of aggression against the Palestinian people and the Arab people. And also, we called for the convening of an International Peace Conference with the participation of all the parties that I mentioned under the auspices of the United Nations. The conference that definitely should be convened on the basis of resolutions that are fair and balanced to all parties. In essence, we were saying that this conference should be convened on the basis of all UN resolutions relevant to the Palestine question and the conflict in the Middle East. And we announced the details of some of these resolutions by saying on the basis of the Resolution 242/338, and self-determination for the Palestinian people, meaning, and the national rights of the Palestinian people, on the basis of the relevant UN resolutions on the Palestine question. If you add all these things together, it would amount to all UN resolutions, rather than to the Palestine question, because in our proclamation of independence, we referred to Resolution 181, which is the partition plan, and also we referred to Resolution 194, which is the resolution that calls for the return of the refugees to their homes and properties. Now, these are the key elements contained in our peace initiative, and it is obvious that we unleashed this peace initiative after about one year at that time, over the beginning of the Intifada of the Palestinian people, this Intifada, which created many political realities, and still creating additional new political realities. But before our peace initiative, the Intifada was able to create the following important political realities: One, it refocused the political efforts of the Arab countries, the Arab governments, into a direction in which that the Palestine question is the heart of the conflict in the Middle East. And this refocusing took place during the convening of the Arab summer conference in Algeria in June 1988, a conference which have taken place in less than three, eight months after the conference, the summit conference, which was convened in Aman, November 1987, and that Arab summit conference a month before the Intifada, refocused the Arab efforts in a different direction than the direction of resolving of the Palestine question as the central question for the Arab nation. So the Intifada was able to refocus the collective Arab efforts in this direction. And after that Arab summit conference, the Intifada created another reality in which the Jordanian government decided at the end of July 1988, to sever the legal and administrative relationship with the West Bank. Now, that decision is very important because the Jordanian government, in essence, declared in very clear terms, that the West Bank is not part of Jordan, is part of Palestine, and the people residing in the West Bank are not Jordanians, but Palestinians. Now, these elements are, were always facts for the Palestinian people and the Palestinian movement, and we had some difficulties with the Jordanian regime before that, in contesting representation of the people in the West Bank and contesting representation over the territory, whether Jordanian or Palestinian. So, after about nine months of the Intifada, the Intifada was able to convince the Jordanian regime to acknowledge such an area. Of course, after all these things, we very quickly convened the important meeting in Algeria and proclaimed independence, and adopted the peace initiative, which were both, the essence of these two documents were adopted by the international community in the meeting in Geneva of the General Assembly of the United Nations. And the second resolution that was adopted in Geneva, the second critical resolution, Resolution 43/176, which accepted, in essence, our understanding and our formulation of the International Peace Conference under the auspices of the UN, with the participation of the countries that I mentioned earlier, and on the basis that also, as mentioned before, in essence all new resolutions relevant to the Palestine question, meaning resolutions containing elements that Israel should withdraw from all of the areas that it occupied in 1967, and that the national rights of the Palestinian people should be fulfilled, and issues related to security of both states, not only Israel but the future Palestinian state, as well as other Arab states, the securities and recognition of all these states, this issue to be dealt with as well. Now, this resolution adopted in Geneva, reflecting our thinking, which we've adopted in Nigeria, was adopted by almost the entire international community. In fact, this resolution was adopted by 158 countries that voted in favor, and only two countries voted against: Israel and the United States. Now, the 158 countries that voted in favor of the convening of the International Peace Conference, are not all the socialist countries and not all the Arab and Islamic countries, not all countries, but also all the West European countries, countries like also Japan, New Zealand, Australia, countries that are very close friends to Israel, voted in the substance of the peace initiative, historic peace initiative, unleashed by the Palestine Liberation Organization. And in fact, by that time, by the middle of December 1988, another very important gain for the Intifada, was registered, and this gain was the decision of the Reagan administration at that time, to open an official dialogue with the Palestine Liberation Organization. Such a decision amounts to a quasi-recognition of the Palestine Liberation Organization as the representative of the Palestinian people. Now, of course, about a year before the adoption of that decision, the position of the U.S. administration on the eve of the Intifada, was not to pay serious attention to the conflict in the Middle East, and in fact, statements were attributed to Secretary Schultz at that time, that the conflict in the Middle East did not constitute a priority item on the agenda of the foreign policy of the Department of State. In less than one year of such a position, we find that the U.S. administration radically changing its position and deciding to open a dialogue with the PLO. And, of course, the only major development during the course of the year was the Intifada, and mainly because of the Intifada, the U.S. administration took that decision to open dialogue with us. Of course, we don't look at this dialogue as an end in itself. We want this dialogue, which we look at it with a positive attitude. We look at it that, in such a way that we want it to develop, and hopefully very quickly, into a full recognition by the U.S. administration, of our national rights, particularly full recognition of the newly-born State of Palestine, which is recognized today by 104 countries until now. We want the U.S. administration to recognize our newly-born State of Palestine, and that the U.S. to be faithful to the position that it initiated in the late '40s, because the U.S. administration was the key proponent of the adoption of the resolution that called for the partition of Palestine in 1947, Resolution 181. Which means that the U.S. administration, in essence, not only accepted the two-state solution, but, in essence, accepted these two states, the one that was born in 1948, and the one that was born, delayed its birth until 1988. So, we hope that the U.S. administration, and through the dialogue, to fully recognize our state and fully recognize the PLO as the representative of the Palestinian people. In addition to that, we hope that we can, all of us, not only the PLO through the dialogue, but the entire international community, to bring the U.S. position to conform with the position of the 158 countries that accepted the concept of the convening of an International Peace Conference under the auspices of the UN, as the most appropriate mechanism for bringing about a just solution to the conflict. And the sooner that we all can create this additional shift in the position of the U.S. administration, then the closer we will be to start the process of the convening of the International Peace Conference, and therefore giving the peace a chance, peace based on injustice. Now, for us, we are extremely interested in allowing peace to take place through the mechanism of the International Peace Conference, and we say that from a position of strength, because our people, particularly during the last 16 months, were able to create realities that are making us so proud and making all those who are struggling for liberty and freedom in the Arab world and throughout the whole globe, to be so proud. Because the battle in the occupied Palestinian territory is not a fair battle. There is a massive Israeli military occupation. Israel is the fifth largest military power under the sun, and definitely the strongest military force in the Middle East. This force, which was able to defeat score of Arab nations in a matter of few days or few hours, is unable to crush or contain a popular uprising of almost the total population of the Palestinians in the occupied Palestinian territory. Israel is using, and has been using, the most ruthless methods and brutality against our people in the occupied territory for the last 16 months. This brutality led to the killing of hundreds of Palestinians. Many of them are children, women, young people, old people, students, workers, people from all sectors of our population. Brutality that led to creating a situation of miscarriages for more than 1,000 Palestinian women who were exposed illegally to tear gas and other toxic gases. This brutality that led, during the last 16 months, to the wounding of about 50,000 Palestinians, 6,000 of them seriously. This brutality, during the Intifada, that led to the imprisonment and detention of about 35,000 Palestinians. Few thousand of them are in an infamous concentration camp by the name of Ansar III in the Negev desert, in which thousands of Palestinian leaders in the occupied Palestinian territories are treated under subhuman conditions in such a place. A brutality that led to the expulsion of 49 Palestinian leaders away from their families and homes. Brutality that led to the demolishing and sealing off of about 700 homes. A brutality that caused the imposition of different forms of collective punishments, whether in a form of curfew orders against almost an entire area, such as the area of the Gaza Strip, populated by about 700,000 people, for a period of time, a few days without food, without medicine, almost starving our people. All these measures were imposed, and other measures, including trying to bury Palestinians alive. All these measures and other measures utilized by Israeli occupying forces for the purpose of containing or stopping the Intifada, did not lead to such an objective. In the contrary, if one really to examine what has been happening for the last 16 months, we see our people while they are suffering tremendously, but yet in the same time, they were able to shred to pieces many parts of the Israeli occupying authority by voting for the resignation of the police force, the fragmentation of the different administrative apparatus of occupation, and our people were gradually able to replace all these instruments by other instruments, the instruments of the rising institutions of the independent Palestinian state. And we can say today that we have in the occupied Palestinian territory, two authorities, not one. There is dualism of power. The authority of the occupying army, Israeli occupying army, supported by the armed settlers, and the authority of the Palestinian people, the patriotic authority, the authority of the PLO, the authority of the Unified Command of the Intifada. And this authority, one can see it through the strengthening of the power of thousands of popular committees in every refugee camp, in every city, in every village, in every neighborhood, popular committees that are running the affair of our people, from the educational system, the popular educational system, because the Israeli occupying army kept our schools closed for the period of the Intifada, trying to deprive hundreds of thousands of Palestinians from education. But the genius of our people in the occupied territory, in spite of the suffering, led to the creation of what we call the patriotic popular sector of education. And these committees are running the affairs of our people in many ways, including regulating the traffic, regulating the strikes. We are proud to say that we have a commercial system in the occupied Palestinian territory which is more efficient than any commercial system in this country or in the Soviet Union. All of our merchants open their shops sharply at eight o'clock, not a minute before or a minute after, and they shut down their shops at 12 o'clock, not a minute before or a minute after. In fact, there is a joke now in Jerusalem saying that if you want to correct your watches or clocks, you just wait until the beginning of the commercial strike or the end of the commercial strike. And our people are going back to the land, cultivating the land, building cooperative to do that, so that many Palestinian workers not to work in the Israeli factories. In essence, we are gradually, under very difficult circumstances, building our national economy. We are making or building a state in spite of all these difficulties. So we are not weak. We are strong, and we are becoming stronger by the day. And I believe it is becoming a very clear evident and fact that the Intifada will not stop, and no one has the power to stop the Intifada until the Intifada accomplishes its objectives. And I don't mean by that the immediate objectives which were declared in the second communique of the Unified Command of the Intifada, the 14 demands, immediate demands. But what I mean, the ultimate objective of the Intifada, which is the termination of occupation and allowing the State of Palestine to exercise sovereignty over its land. Our people are getting stronger and stronger, not only by what they are creating on the ground, but by the fact that there are divisions within Israel, and these divisions are intensifying inside each of the major parties and between them. They don't know what to do to stop or contain the Intifada. I don't believe they have any additional suggestion to stop the Intifada. They have only one option left to the Israelis, which is the option of withdrawing from the occupied Palestinian territory, and therefore stopping occupation, terminating occupation. So, the Intifada is not only strong in the occupied territory, but it is also strong by these divisions within Israel. We can hear every day of new Israeli leaders who are saying that Israeli government should be speaking to the PLO, should be going to the international conference, should withdraw from occupied territory. We believe that these decisions will intensify, and the Israelis are facing serious problems internally, real dilemma, and this dilemma will be even bigger with the continuation of the Intifada. The American side was facing massive international isolation before beginning the dialogue. We hope that the U.S. position to change in the direction that I mentioned earlier, because we are not interested in meeting for the sake of meetings. The second meeting that took place last week between us and the U.S. side, we perceived in a positive way. It lasted for five and a half hours, and it was serious. We raised certain issues. We are waiting for answers from the American side. And we want this dialogue to contribute to facilitating the most appropriate atmosphere for the convening of the International Peace Conference. If anyone is interested in dragging this dialogue for no purpose and no end, we are not interested in such a dialogue. We are interested in efforts that would lead to the, beginning the peace process. We are not interested in playing games and wasting our time in one meeting after another, one month after another, in an endless dialogue. We are very much interested in putting an end to this nonsensical option of aggression, war, utilized by Israel against our people for the last 41 years, including the maintenance and continuation of occupation in the occupied Palestinian territory, as well as the continuous onslaught against our camps in Lebanon. This option of war and aggression utilized by Israel against our people, and financed mainly by the different U.S. administrations by giving Israel, since its creation, about $50 billion, by providing them with the most advanced weapons to kill our people, giving them the most advanced aircrafts to attack our camps in Lebanon, to kill our children and women, and to destroy our homes and properties, even to give them clubs to break the arms and legs and heads of thousands of Palestinians in the occupied territory, and to provide them with tear gas manufactured in a place close to Pittsburgh that led to the miscarriages of large number of Palestinian women. We are sick and tired of this situation as Palestinians, and this option of war and destruction unleashed against our people for the last 41 years did not lead to the negation of the Palestinian people, as the Zionists would love to see, nor it created peace or contributed to peace in the Middle East, nor it helped Israel to resolve its economic problems. We say it is high time for giving the option of peace based on justice, a chance. We are extending not only one arm, but both arms of the PLO, to all those who are interested or capable of meeting our challenge and meeting us in the chamber of the International Peace Conference so that we can get down to the business of peace through negotiations, through this collective process, that will not only resolve issues between Israel and Palestine and the other Arab states, but will collectively find solutions and answers to the collective issues of security, of development, of peace, of neighborhoods, and of the future of the entire Middle East. These issues cannot be decided bilaterally between Israel and each of the Arab states. We have an example, Camp David. Maybe it led to the withdrawal of Israel from the sideline, but it did not produce peace. Peace is not an issue between Israel and Egypt alone. Peace is an issue for all of the Arab states, including the State of Palestine, and Israel, as well as the international community through the five permanent members of the Security Council. We are ready and eager and working in a very serious way, a way which captured the respect of the entire international community, including the West Europeans and the other countries that I mentioned. And we hope that all those who are interested in peace, that can add their effort to ours, so that we can force Israeli government to comply with the wishes of the international community that is calling for peace based on justice in the Middle East, and to add to the effort of all of us so that the U.S. administration to stop being totally supportive of Israel against other parties to the conflict in the Middle East, and to try to play a balanced role. And they cannot play a balanced role until they recognize the State of Palestine, the PLO, and the International Peace Conference under the auspices of the UN. If the U.S. administration wants to be balanced, fair, and to influence events in the Middle East through all parties, they have to demonstrate it through such examples that I've mentioned, with the Palestinian people. They cannot be balanced, objective, when they don't acknowledge our national rights and give Israel billions of dollars and weapons to maintain occupation and to kill our people in the occupied territories. We are interested in peace, we are working for peace, and we hope that all those who are interested in promoting these objectives, to contribute to this process in their own way, wherever they are, in Ames, Iowa, or anywhere else, so that we can hopefully see the day that we can start the convening of the International Peace Conference, so that we can open a chapter, a new chapter, of the history of the Middle East and to close a bloody sad chapter, bloody and sad chapter, particularly for our people, the Palestinian people. Thank you very much. Who wants to be the first one to ask the first question? Yes?\r\n\r\n- I believe I heard you refer to government as a regime. Is that, the PLO government?\r\n\r\n- Its government and its regime. You know, I did not say it in any offensive way. I was trying to be as objective as possible.\r\n\r\n- The United States being , do you think that ? So the question is, why do you believe that the United States in this position?\r\n\r\n- What position?\r\n\r\n- The position of .\r\n\r\n- Well, I believe that it is clear that the United States has strategic interest in the Middle East. Strategic interests in more than one way. One, the Middle East is very close to the Soviet Union and it is, from the point of view of the United States, it is important for the different U.S. administrations to keep the Arab countries away from the influence of the Soviet Union. Meaning, not to have governments or regimes in the Arab world that are following socialism or extremely friendly to the Soviet Union. So this is one aspect for the interest of the United States. Another aspect, which is more important than that, and tied to it, is the fact that the Middle East is extremely rich with a strategic commodity: oil. And most companies that are monopolizing oil, Arab oil, are either American companies or Western European and Japanese companies, which are somehow connected with American cartels. So these are basically the main--","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112159#t=0.0,2797.58367"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - 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answer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=457.56,460.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, sir.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=460.44,461.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Hi I'm the (indistinct), but about a year 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(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=471.654,476.654"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and while (indistinct),","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=477.797,481.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was wondering now with the new 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(indistinct).","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=486.865,491.865"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well concerning the \"Grassley Amendment.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=494.562,498.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is this piece of 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territory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=696.16,698.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, during the last meeting, last week,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=698.82,702.443"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the U.S delegation in Tunis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=703.29,706.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We raised issues other than the settlement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=706.02,711.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the convening of International Peace Conference.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=712.263,715.876"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of the issues that we raise with them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=715.876,719.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why do they still have a law in the books","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=719.64,722.769"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that characterized the PLO as a terrorist organization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=722.769,726.119"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And therefore depriving it from having offices","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=726.119,729.628"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this country, the \"Grassley Amendment.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=729.628,732.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that this law should be negated,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=732.8,734.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"should be abolished.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=734.55,735.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're still waiting for their answers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=736.48,738.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And also we raised with them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=738.64,740.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why would we still see the office in Washington DC","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=740.32,744.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not reopened?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=744.43,746.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're still waiting for an answer from them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=746.95,749.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As well as other issues that we raised","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=749.28,751.317"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"concerning the mission in New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=751.317,753.828"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And these are also small issues","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=753.828,758.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that would allow us to see the level of seriousness","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=759.15,764.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the American side in really moving forward,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=766.68,771.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and pushing the peace process forward.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=771.02,773.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we hope their answer in the next round,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=774.36,778.752"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which might get place next month,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=778.752,781.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the answer by the U.S administration","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=781.63,784.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will be a positive one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=784.44,785.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm trying to get people who did not ask questions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=788.69,791.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a chance, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=791.32,792.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e What's the alternative for negotiations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=792.463,794.721"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the United States?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=794.721,796.638"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, we don't have negotiations with the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=798.03,800.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have a dialogue with the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=800.74,802.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the States although it's a very important country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=802.86,805.753"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it is important because of the help","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=805.753,808.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and support that it gives to Israel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=810.24,812.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But Israel is the main concern party","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=812.82,817.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in addition to the other main concern party","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=818.01,820.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is the Palestinian side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=820.16,822.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we don't have negotiations with the Americans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=822.21,826.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We are not interested in negotiations with the Americans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=826.42,829.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"outside the \"International Peace Conference.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=829.04,831.719"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We won them in the \"International Peace Conference,\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=831.719,834.629"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as part of the international community,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=834.629,837.279"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to help us to create the appropriate atmosphere for peace,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=837.279,842.129"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the appropriate atmosphere for reaching a peace treaty,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=842.129,845.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the appropriate atmosphere for guaranteeing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=845.623,848.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the implementation of that peace treaty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=848.03,850.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is concerning the American side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=850.31,853.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because the Americans are not occupying our land,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=853.673,858.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we are not in a state of war with them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=858.04,860.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Israelis are occupying our land,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=861.14,863.997"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we are in a state of war with them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=863.997,866.467"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes sir.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=870.369,871.329"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Can you say, what might be the policy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=871.329,873.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of a new Palestinian State","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=873.96,875.728"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"destroying a U.S settlement that was built","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=875.728,878.527"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the occupied territories?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=878.527,880.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e It's not only the policy of the Palestinian State,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=880.9,884.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the policy of the international community.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=884.047,886.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The policy with the Security Council, unanimously.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=886.97,890.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That these settlements are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=890.48,892.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been established 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occupation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=993.83,997.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they are illegal as occupation itself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=997.01,999.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this would all be terminated.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1000.833,1003.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, sir.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1003.08,1004.514"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e You have given us a (indistinct) of 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PLO.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1009.471,1011.352"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, I think there are many Americans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1011.352,1013.622"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are more supportive of position of the PLO.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1013.622,1017.567"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Can you give examples of where those Americans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1017.567,1020.622"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and private citizens have influenced the U.S government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1020.622,1024.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in any way locally or during Congress.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1024.32,1027.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Examples of positive (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1027.843,1032.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I will just only give one a famous example","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1033.991,1036.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the efforts of Rita (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1036.86,1038.831"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and some influential","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1038.831,1040.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jewish organizations and the Jewish personalities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1044.47,1048.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rita (indistinct) was a key person that was mediating","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1048.093,1053.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through the foreign minister of 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accomplished.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1281.84,1283.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the U.S administration now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1283.2,1284.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is fully recognizing everything that the Palestinians want.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1284.54,1287.107"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And therefore to stop this process","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1287.107,1290.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the intensifying the pressure on the U.S administration,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1290.64,1294.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for the purpose of additional shifts","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1294.34,1297.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of full recognition of the state, the PLO","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1297.12,1299.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the International Conference.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1299.373,1300.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, the hard work, just begun.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1300.81,1304.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we need everyone, every organization,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1305.7,1308.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"every individual, everywhere,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1308.38,1310.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to add their efforts, to really put additional sense","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1310.22,1315.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the minds of those who are calling the shots","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1316.22,1318.474"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Washington DC.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1318.474,1319.891"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So that we can allow option of peace based on justice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1321.307,1325.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to take place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1325.38,1326.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And such a shift, would be tremendous in influencing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1326.69,1330.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the leaders in Tel Aviv.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1330.39,1332.385"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because the government in Israel cannot survive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1332.385,1335.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without the help, support and aid from Washington DC.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1335.18,1340.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You want to say something?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1342.2,1343.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I think we don't have enough time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1343.36,1345.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1345.193,1346.142"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1346.142,1347.271"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(clapping in the background)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1347.271,1351.021"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay, let's see if this one works.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1359.27,1361.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was the wrong (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1361.613,1364.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e You think it matters a whole lot?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1364.63,1366.769"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(giggling in the background)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=1366.769,1370.519"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25254/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/254/original/AV203817_Palestinian_State_b.vtt?1620123018","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/025/254/original/AV203817_Palestinian_State_b.vtt?1620123018"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25255","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203817_Palestinian_State_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160/transcript/25255/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Remain weak, and thirdly, remain not radicalized. Radicalized in the sense, not moving in the direction of either the Soviet Union or in the direction of allowing any of the Arab state to control its own natural resources. Because from the point of view of the policies of the United State, if any country, to control its own natural resources they perceive that in a hostile way. For example, if Saudi Arabia, to decide that they want to control this oil as their own commodity. And to decide, for example, instead of putting into the market five or six million barrel of oil every day, which they don't need this much money. And instead to produce only 1 million today or half a million, and to keep the reserve in their own land, and to use it in the future, perhaps when the prices will be higher. If such thing to take place, then that would be perceived as a hostile act by the United States. So, to keep the Arabs divided, weak, not radicalized in this sense, all these things would reflect the interests of the United States to the maximum. Now, Israel proved to be the best guardian to protect these interests of the United States. Israel played and still playing very effective role in attacking the Arab nations, the Arab countries, keeping them weak, keeping them divided. Not allowing radicalization, and in this process, they perceived the birth of a Palestinians state for the Palestinian people, who have the highest percentage of educated people in the Middle East and perhaps in the whole world. They definitely will not allow to be dominated by any country and therefore will demonstrate high degree of independence and self-reliance, and therefore that would be perceived as a threatening development by Israel and by the United States. So Israel played, during the last 41 years, a marvelous role from the point of view of the Americans, different U.S administrations, for protecting these interests. And this is the explanation why, until now, the relationship between the different U.S administrations and Israel, is of a strategic nature to the point that they hardly disagree with Israel over any issue of substance. Because if it wasn't for Israel to cater to these interests of the United States, then the U.S would have to have the fifth fleet, the sixth fleet, the seventh fleet. And I don't know how many more fleet in order to be able to accomplish the objectives that Israel helped them tremendously in accomplishing. Now, with the development of the Intifada, the choices facing the Americans are difficult ones. Because if they don't allow our people to actualize the minimum of their national rights, because allowing us to establish our own state on the West Bank and Gaza on 22% of the historic Palestine, in less than what is available to us, according to the partition plan, \"Resolution 181,\" is an indication of our flexibility and realism. But if they don't allow us to accomplish that minimum of our national rights, then it seems that the situation in the Middle East could be so explosive, to the point that no one can tell you what will happen in the near future. Because the intifada is a remarkable example of awakening, the people in the Middle East and in many other areas. And people in many countries in the Middle East, who thought for a while that they cannot do much in their own countries, because things are so difficult, cannot even convince themselves now, after the remarkable lessons and examples of what the Palestinians were able to do in the West Bank and Gaza, on that unbelievable difficult conditions. So, this concrete educational experience, remarkable experience, if it continues for a longer period of time, then the United States and Israel cannot contain the whole region. And we cannot predict where, and in which country, similar intifadas will erupt. And definitely other intifadas will erupt, maybe not this year, maybe not next year. But this demonstration, remarkable demonstration of the endurance and courage of the Palestinian people, is being internalized in the consciousness of every individual in the Arab world, and perhaps in every individual in the three continent. And as the Vietnamese example played an inspiring role for national liberation movements during the 70s. And as Algerians played an inspiring role for national liberation movements at the end of the 50s and the beginning of the 60s. The Intifada of the Palestinian people in the 80s is playing a similar role. So therefore, the U.S administration cannot afford to keep ignoring this fact, while this situation is boiling. And we should not be surprised to see the U.S administration, even the Israeli government, even under the leadership of Shamir to come around and to select the lesser of the two evils. And the lesser of the two evils is allowing our people to exercise their national rights, and occupation to be terminated, and the Palestinian state to be allowed to exercise its sovereignty. As opposed to additional massive divisions within Israel, weakening Israel, and for making the whole strategic interest of United States in the region being very, very vulnerable. Sorry for being long, but the question was requiring such an extensive answer. Yes, sir.\r\n\r\n- Hi I'm the , but about a year ago we had the of the U.S government and trying to renew Palestine's and while , I was wondering now with the new relationship we're experiencing with Palestine, how that is changing government .\r\n\r\n- Well concerning the \"Grassley Amendment.\" This is this piece of legislation is known as the \"Grassley Amendment.\" First of all, that amendment became a law in December 1988. When President Reagan signed that piece of legislation. Still, it is still a law in the books. It has not been mitigated. Two, the Palestine information Office in Washington DC was closed at the end of 1988. If I'm not mistaken December 1st, 1988. And it is still closed until this moment, because the U.S administration is not allowing for the reopening of that office. Three, we succeeded as PLO and as PLO mission to the United Nations. With the efforts of almost all nations, we succeeded in the attempts of the justice department, that part of the US government, to shut down our mission to the United Nations, through the breaking international law, by the U.S administration. By not honoring its obligation under the \"Headquarters Agreement,\" signed between the U.S administration and the United Nations. We succeeded in these attempts because we won many resolutions, almost unanimously most of them, in New York. We succeeded in convening three resumed sessions of the general assembly over this issue, We won a decision by the \"International Court of Justice,\" that voted unanimously in our favor, including the positive vote of the American judge, Judge Huvelle in the \"International Court of Justice.\" And finally, we succeeded in the Federal Court in New York when the government finally dragged us in spite of our wishes to that Federal Court, because the U.S government has no jurisdiction over our mission to the U.N. They cannot take us to American Federal Courts. In spite of that, they broke such commitments, such obligations, and took us to Federal Court. And they were defeated in the Federal Court, American Federal Court. Now, of course, we were not successful in all these endeavors because of the cleverness of our delegation at the U.N. But we were successful in all these efforts because of the power of the Intifada, which was unfolding during the same period of time. So all these successes, in defeating the attempts of the different branches of the U.S government to shut down our mission at the United Nations, all these successes were mainly successes for the Intifada of our people in occupied territory. Now, during the last meeting, last week, with the U.S delegation in Tunis. We raised issues other than the settlement and the convening of International Peace Conference. One of the issues that we raise with them, why do they still have a law in the books that characterized the PLO as a terrorist organization. And therefore depriving it from having offices in this country, the \"Grassley Amendment.\" And that this law should be negated, should be abolished. We're still waiting for their answers. And also we raised with them, why would we still see the office in Washington DC not reopened? We're still waiting for an answer from them. As well as other issues that we raised concerning the mission in New York. And these are also small issues that would allow us to see the level of seriousness of the American side in really moving forward, and pushing the peace process forward. And we hope their answer in the next round, which might get place next month, that the answer by the U.S administration will be a positive one. I'm trying to get people who did not ask questions a chance, yes.\r\n\r\n- What's the alternative for negotiations with the United States?\r\n\r\n- Well, we don't have negotiations with the United States. We have a dialogue with the United States. And the States although it's a very important country, and it is important because of the help and support that it gives to Israel. But Israel is the main concern party in addition to the other main concern party which is the Palestinian side. So we don't have negotiations with the Americans. We are not interested in negotiations with the Americans outside the \"International Peace Conference.\" We won them in the \"International Peace Conference,\" as part of the international community, to help us to create the appropriate atmosphere for peace, the appropriate atmosphere for reaching a peace treaty, and the appropriate atmosphere for guaranteeing the implementation of that peace treaty. This is concerning the American side. Because the Americans are not occupying our land, and we are not in a state of war with them. Israelis are occupying our land, and we are in a state of war with them. Yes sir.\r\n\r\n- Can you say, what might be the policy of a new Palestinian State destroying a U.S settlement that was built in the occupied territories?\r\n\r\n- It's not only the policy of the Palestinian State, but the policy of the international community. The policy with the Security Council, unanimously. That these settlements are, has been established illegally. Israel cannot confiscate the land of our people in the occupied Palestinian territory, and according to international rules and regulations and laws, particularly the \"Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949,\" the occupying power is not permitted to annex land of an occupied country. And they cannot transfer population from that land or to that land. These are the regulations and the clauses and the provisions of this international instrument and treaty. So therefore, the Security Council adopted several resolutions, calling on Israel to dismantle all these settlements, not to set up new settlements, and for the settlers to leave these areas. And then United States voted in favor of such understanding. And as far as we know, this is the official position of all members of the Security Council, including the United States. So therefore, we're not required to set up a policy as a State of Palestine concerning the settlements, once we reach, once the Israeli government reaches the decision, that they want to allow peace to take place and to take place through the \"International Peace Conference,\" and on the basis of withdrawal from the occupied Palestinian territory, then at that moment, the Israeli government should start the process of dismantling these settlements and leaving to the occupied Palestinian territory, because these settlements are part of the occupation they are illegal as occupation itself. And this would all be terminated. Yes, sir.\r\n\r\n- You have given us a of where the U.S is the side of Israel than with the PLO. But, I think there are many Americans that are more supportive of position of the PLO. Can you give examples of where those Americans and private citizens have influenced the U.S government in any way locally or during Congress. Examples of positive\r\n\r\n- Well, I will just only give one a famous example of the efforts of Rita and some influential Jewish organizations and the Jewish personalities. Rita was a key person that was mediating through the foreign minister of Sweden, some contacts between the PLO leadership and the U.S administration. Which was culminated in opening the dialogue between the U.S administration and the PLO. There are many organizations that are playing a very positive role. Even Senator Pell for example, in the record his position was really good against the \"Grassley Amendment.\" And if one to review the record of the Congress, when they were deliberating this piece of legislation, he clearly indicated that the only way to shut down the PLO mission by giving such an interpretation of that law, that would mean violation of our obligations under the \"Headquarters Agreement.\" And this position was extremely appreciated not only by us, but, by many countries at the United Nations. I'm just giving the examples, there are many other organizations that are becoming active in trying to add to this new shift of the U.S government. Important indication of that, is for example, what happened in the Democratic Party. In the Democratic Party during the primaries seven state conventions of the Democratic Party, including your neighbor Illinois, voted in favor of a plan calling for self-determination, statehood or both for the Palestinian people. These seven state Conventions took place before the convention in Atlanta. In Atlanta itself, the Palestine question was debated for 10 minutes in the National Convention. And that was the first time in the history of the two parties that the Palestine question to be debated in that convention. My understanding two other States after the election, convened their state conventions and also adopted seminar plans on the Democratic side. Of course, the Rainbow Coalition and the Jackson phenomenon is a very outstanding example of the political development in this country, which was colored and influenced by the Intifada. And Jesse Jackson, this time was able to triple the number of his delegates. I'm not suggesting that he tripled his delegates because of his position, vis-a-vis the Palestine question. But, what I'm trying to say, that he was a very, very powerful candidate in the Democratic Party structure and Brown is now, his associate, is the head of the Democratic Party. And the position of the Rainbow Coalition and the position of Mr. Jackson, is well-known in supporting self-determination and statehood for the Palestinian people. These are examples of the things that are taking place in this country, but, the fact that a dialogue has been taking place between the PLO and the U.S administration. This fact should not create an atmosphere of relaxation in which people would go and sleep and think that everything has been accomplished. And the U.S administration now, is fully recognizing everything that the Palestinians want. And therefore to stop this process of the intensifying the pressure on the U.S administration, for the purpose of additional shifts of full recognition of the state, the PLO and the International Conference. In fact, the hard work, just begun. And we need everyone, every organization, every individual, everywhere, to add their efforts, to really put additional sense in the minds of those who are calling the shots in Washington DC. So that we can allow option of peace based on justice to take place. And such a shift, would be tremendous in influencing the leaders in Tel Aviv. Because the government in Israel cannot survive without the help, support and aid from Washington DC. You want to say something?\r\n\r\n- I think we don't have enough time.\r\n\r\n- Okay. Thank you very much.\r\n\r\n- Okay, let's see if this one works. That was the wrong\r\n\r\n- You think it matters a whole lot?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/40510/file/112160#t=0.0,1372.76082"}]}]}]}