{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/154dn40840/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Antell, Will, Indian Education"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV204013 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Indian Education is an April 12, 1991 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring Will Antell. Will Antell discusses his efforts to improve education for American Indians.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. 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life,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=17.62,20.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's wonderful to hear the enthusiasm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=20.83,24.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the interest of young people like Jim Stone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=24.31,28.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And certainly, I wanna pay my very humble respects","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=28.8,33.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the Thompsons for being here with you this evening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=33.81,37.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in honor of your son.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=37.65,39.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I do remember that evening very well, 20 years ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=39.52,42.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because in that sense, I was aspiring myself","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=43.63,46.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make some mark on American Indians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=48.266,51.587"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and their education in this country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=51.587,53.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it was those kinds of 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reaching","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=60.59,64.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"towards their elderness already to keep plodding away","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=64.06,67.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in behalf of American Indian education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=67.94,70.213"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as the topic suggest,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=71.47,73.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is something that we in the last half of the 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Americans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=83.51,88.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On a more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=91.68,92.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"joyful note, let me share a little story with you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=97.53,99.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because, I'm reminded more and more all the time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=99.6,104.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I'm an elder, and Jim sorta reminded 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celebrations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=111.67,114.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we always get to eat first.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=114.25,116.175"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience 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West?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=135.13,137.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And why did they they cut off into Southern Canada?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=137.44,142.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And why did Dakota people end up in the badlands","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=144.017,148.455"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the area where there are no lakes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=148.455,150.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and rivers and so 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Chippewa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=273.69,276.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"around and around the lake.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=276.47,279.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Chippewa was going 98","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=279.32,281.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and went on for hours, went on for days, for some weeks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=281.12,284.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and pretty soon the Dakota man got dizzy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=284.95,287.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he fell in the Lake.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=287.91,289.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Chippewa says, \"99, 99.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=289.86,292.805"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=292.805,295.888"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jim, I wanna tell one on me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=303.0,304.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, my wife, Mary Lou is here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=308.463,309.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mary, would you stand up?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=309.83,311.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She has been with me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=311.66,313.522"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience 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mine,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=319.4,322.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's sort of on me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=322.87,324.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I don't mind doing this now and then,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=324.22,325.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's sort of on her too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=325.89,329.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But anyway, about 20 years ago or over 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Paul","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=339.33,343.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I was teaching American history","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=343.47,345.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and political 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schools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=356.78,360.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And, but,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=362.119,364.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I had a rude awakening one evening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=366.67,368.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at dinner when my daughter came home","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=368.28,371.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from school and said, dad, she said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=371.86,373.407"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"It's really easy to tell from what we've been studying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=373.407,377.077"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"about Indians in our classes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=377.077,379.787"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"that you are Chippewa and not Sioux.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=379.787,382.397"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I go, well, wonderful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=384.073,385.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're finally doing something in their district,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=385.05,387.395"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"telling about Indians.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=387.395,388.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I said, well, how do you know?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=388.45,390.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She says, \"Well the Sioux are tall and slender,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=390.6,395.237"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and the Chippewa are short and stout.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=395.237,397.627"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience 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learning,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=445.26,449.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the question about achievement and the question about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=449.14,453.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how American Indians fair in the marketplace","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=453.77,457.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the reservation and the urban centers and rural centers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=457.61,461.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"still haunts many, many American people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=461.83,464.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and certainly poses challenges","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=464.82,466.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to tribal leaders throughout this nation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=466.68,468.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But let's reflect for a moment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=470.15,472.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and go back to the period of time when I was born.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=472.36,476.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we pick up on the report that Lewis Marion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=476.77,481.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wrote in 1934.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=482.02,483.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now Lewis Marion was commissioned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=485.15,489.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the federal government to do an analysis","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=489.62,492.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or study about American Indians.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=492.23,495.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one of the things that became very clear to 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self-help,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=504.8,507.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but he said and I'm paraphrasing him,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=507.25,510.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that if we ever in this country will need to do 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legislation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=531.19,535.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during the thirties, which was a big period","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=535.76,538.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of laws written by the Congress.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=539.89,542.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it really wasn't looked at very seriously","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=543.7,547.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until the mid 1960s and later.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=547.9,552.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So what happened during that period of time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=553.29,555.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"When at that 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heard,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=567.45,571.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came out of that era.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=571.15,572.513"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it really, it 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states.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=842.45,845.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This may be surprising to many people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=847.82,850.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but if you look at the leadership of this country then","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=851.647,854.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Richard Nixon was the president.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=854.67,856.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you wanna put an asterisk,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=858.53,860.753"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about this topic by the president,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=862.53,864.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by President Nixon, you should.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=866.35,869.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because if you look at leadership","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=869.27,872.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in terms of American Indians,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=873.6,875.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you've had a lot of statements made","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=875.09,879.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pointing back to Woodrow Wilson","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=879.27,882.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"following right up to President Johnson.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=884.45,887.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But President Nixon was the one who said it and then did it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=887.66,892.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And his policy on self-determination in my view","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=894.69,898.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was one of the great policy issues","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=899.44,904.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that this country faced,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=904.45,906.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and faced with support from the Congress","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=906.09,911.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that really now can be traced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=911.22,914.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to success story one after another","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=914.58,918.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on reservations all over this country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=918.14,920.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It may have come by other presidents.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=922.36,924.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It may have come with Jimmy Carter","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=924.61,926.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it may have come by John F. Kennedy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=926.3,928.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It may have come by other presidents,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=928.53,931.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but that happened in a period of time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=931.03,934.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when the country was sort of undecided","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=934.26,937.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as to what direction they were going to go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=937.31,939.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I remember the debates in Congress","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=940.6,942.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when the national study was written, what should we do?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=945.835,948.757"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What should we do for Indians again?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=950.0,951.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Was a common kind of thread in those committee halls","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=951.46,955.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but the self determination one prevailed, thank goodness.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=956.09,960.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And while we might question how far we've come","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=960.0,962.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on this whole question of self-determination","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=964.3,966.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let me remind you of where we were.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=966.92,970.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And any kind of measurement that you would look at.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=971.96,974.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"American unions were at the bottom or near the bottom","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=975.84,978.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on every scale that you can imagine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=978.59,980.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We still have a long way to go.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=982.44,983.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And perhaps there are some gaps","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=985.63,988.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are very, very severe yet,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=988.63,991.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but as I'll point out to you later on in the evening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=991.25,994.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some of those gaps are narrowing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=994.76,996.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some we have to pay closer attention to.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=996.6,999.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But that was a pivotal point of time for people like myself","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=999.86,1003.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who needed that reassurance, that the policy makers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1003.74,1008.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this country were sincere about a policy for a change.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1008.76,1013.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what emanated two years later","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1014.56,1017.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was the Indian Education Act of 1972.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1018.93,1021.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That was an Act of Congress that prevailed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1023.36,1028.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me tell you about two little parts of that legislation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1028.27,1031.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some of you might know Bill Demmert,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1033.1,1034.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but Bill and I were asked to work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1034.45,1036.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with senators, Mondale and Kennedy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1036.91,1038.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in helping write that legislation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1038.94,1040.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And wherever we had gone","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1041.93,1045.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether it was in Alaska or Florida or Arizona","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1047.53,1049.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Minnesota, Dakota (mumbles), Michigan, Maine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1049.85,1053.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We heard the same theme is that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1053.38,1055.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"We're disillusioned because we have no voice","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1056.317,1059.277"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"in the affairs of our school district.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1059.277,1061.277"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Parents in particular would be more on the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1063.11,1065.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they were not welcome in the schools,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1065.67,1069.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or they were afraid to interact with principals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1069.38,1072.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and teachers and superintendents.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1072.38,1074.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So one of the two things we tried to get","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1074.78,1076.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in that legislation, was to try to find 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Indians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1298.67,1300.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the public schools were concerned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1300.49,1302.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And where we see dilemmas now in our 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force","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1308.98,1311.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on how well people are doing in our schools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1311.6,1314.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"All right, another item that was in that legislation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1316.27,1320.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was that the commissioner of education","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1320.18,1324.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had to appoint a deputy commissioner","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1324.67,1327.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from a list of candidates selected by an advisory council","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1328.88,1333.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was appointed by the president.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1333.74,1335.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, we had the challenge at the local level","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1337.38,1341.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of school boards, by saying that they could not submit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1341.64,1344.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or participate in this program","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1344.97,1347.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"without Indian parents consent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1347.78,1350.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Likewise, the control was put on the president","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1350.34,1354.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and his executive staff as well, by saying,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1354.36,1357.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"You have to appoint","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1358.277,1359.447"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"from the list of candidates we present to you.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1359.447,1363.907"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I happened to be on that first advisory group.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1365.24,1367.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that was, let me tell you that was one big struggle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1367.93,1370.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The bureaucracy went to work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1371.66,1373.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and at ever return of the way we stumbled,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1373.18,1377.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they took advantage of that stumbled,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1377.27,1378.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they got that delayed time and time again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1378.92,1381.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But we prevailed in the end.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1381.87,1383.854"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Dr. Bill Demmert, a Tlinglit from Alaska","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1383.854,1388.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was our number one choice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1388.07,1389.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He finally was appointed to that deputy position","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1389.87,1393.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which he held for a number of years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1393.29,1395.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I only point this out to you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1396.28,1398.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it's that during that pivotal point of time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1398.59,1402.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when seemingly public policy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1402.2,1403.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was on the side of American Indians,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1403.94,1406.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but then once you get into the system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1406.3,1408.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then when you began to try to implement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1408.97,1411.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and administer and carry things out,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1411.12,1413.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they are still insurmountable tasks","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1414.43,1417.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that people have to undergo.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1417.21,1419.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And if you turn that around to the local level,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1420.36,1424.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the same thing has occurred.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1424.65,1427.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And let me jump ahead almost 20 years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1427.97,1430.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to last year in St. Paul, Minnesota,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1430.85,1434.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where the Indian parent committee,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1435.41,1437.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had disagreed with the school district.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1440.25,1442.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In how they were spending resources for Title V,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1443.26,1446.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and said, \"We don't agree with you Mr. Superintendent,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1448.34,1452.857"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"we don't agree with you school board.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1452.857,1455.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"And we are going to exercise our rights as parents,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1457.307,1460.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and we will not sign off on your application.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1461.617,1464.677"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The superintendent said, \"That's nonsense, you can't do it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1466.63,1469.867"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"I will go to Washington directly.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1469.867,1472.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He called some person in Washington","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1472.82,1475.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he reported back to the parent committee","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1475.33,1477.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they were wrong,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1477.06,1478.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that he could disband the committee","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1478.59,1480.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and he could appoint another committee.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1480.82,1483.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that parent committee indeed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1483.38,1486.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would sign off on the budget.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1486.15,1488.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, that didn't happen that way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1490.38,1492.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the parent committee hung in there, and they said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1492.23,1495.297"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Mr. Superintendent, you're wrong, you can't do that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1495.297,1497.577"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"We were elected by the parents.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1497.577,1499.947"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"And until the parents speak, we are your official voice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1499.947,1504.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"And we will exercise that responsibility","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1504.117,1507.597"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"according to our judgment.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1507.597,1509.217"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They did, and they prevailed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1510.18,1512.317"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You have the situation at the top,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1515.259,1517.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you have the situation at the bottom","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1517.58,1519.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you have an almost a 20 year span of time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1519.6,1522.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one begins to wonder, has anything turned out well?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1523.65,1528.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Has anything happened that would make you more optimistic?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1529.94,1533.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Indeed, we can go on and on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1535.2,1538.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and on and talk about those good stories.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1538.11,1541.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And let me share some of those with you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1541.12,1543.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but let me, I wanna back up just to 20 years ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1543.94,1546.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for a moment again, and talk about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1546.98,1549.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the major shift that occurred.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1553.499,1554.999"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These dollars that were targeted for Indian Ed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1556.57,1559.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they were many times given","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1559.7,1561.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the responsibility to the parents.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1561.71,1564.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in many cases, the Johnson O'Malley funds were contracted.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1565.63,1569.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now with the tribes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1569.93,1571.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the tribes then disperse them to public schools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1571.09,1574.753"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was a major shift in how those dollars were used,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1577.93,1580.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the shift, went primarily two things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1581.64,1585.363"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that would help the self-esteem or the pride","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1586.7,1591.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in being Ojibwe, Dakota, Cree, Navajo,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1592.36,1596.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"trying to build up the curriculum areas, the language areas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1598.68,1602.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so, in practically every Title V budget","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1603.8,1607.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that came across the desk of the people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1607.04,1610.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like Bill Demmert and others in Washington,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1610.8,1613.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a heavy, heavy emphasis on Indian language, culture,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1613.5,1618.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and other kinds of characteristics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1620.78,1623.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that would enhance the lives of the young people's idea","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1626.45,1630.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of who they were as a person, as well as on American Indian","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1630.17,1635.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That still is in some cases occurring.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1637.42,1640.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's still heavy emphasis on building up the self-esteem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1640.27,1644.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Millions and millions of dollars.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1646.78,1648.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And probably billions now had been spent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1648.32,1650.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in India Ed, since the late sixties.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1652.33,1655.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What are we hearing 20 years later?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1657.62,1659.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're hearing that the dropout rate is still high.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1662.56,1665.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We are hearing that the achievement levels","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1667.3,1671.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of students are still low.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1671.12,1672.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The gap still prevails,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1674.21,1676.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it's not reducing itself between Indians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1676.12,1681.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and their not Indian cohorts in the school system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1681.537,1684.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We hear that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1686.91,1687.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"elements of chemical dependencies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1691.01,1694.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are higher now than they've ever had been before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1696.09,1698.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We see statistics from our penal institutions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1704.4,1708.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where numbers are increasing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1708.17,1710.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We hear stories about adult illiteracy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1712.24,1715.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For those of us who worked in this so long","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1717.99,1720.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's sort of disheartening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1720.96,1722.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until you began to extrapolate this a little bit better","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1722.25,1727.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and saying, \"Where are you getting your data?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1727.41,1730.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Tell us a little bit more about this dropout rate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1734.017,1736.127"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Tell us a little more about the achievement rate.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1736.127,1739.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1739.17,1740.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We do acknowledge that some of these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1740.92,1743.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"undesirable characteristics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1743.67,1745.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I mentioned still do prevail.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1745.07,1746.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if you look really carefully,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1749.439,1751.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you see tremendous progress","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1752.47,1754.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over this 20 year period of time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1754.09,1757.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It goes back to this self-determination era.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1757.2,1760.033"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have not been as closely involved with it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1761.87,1764.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I had in those days,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1764.56,1765.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's so I can look at it a little bit more objectively.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1765.88,1769.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I am very, very pleased with the things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1769.2,1771.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are happening in our state.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1771.59,1773.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I don't know if our state's any different than others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1774.44,1777.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What it that's happened?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1780.76,1782.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is it the curriculum","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1783.58,1785.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the schools that reflects the culture?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1785.36,1789.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is it more dedicated teachers?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1790.71,1793.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is it more parental support?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1794.63,1797.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What's going on here that causes this?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1801.32,1803.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Probably all of those,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1804.51,1806.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but one of the things that's happening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1807.3,1808.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's on the positive note where things are going well","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1808.9,1812.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are people have jobs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1812.73,1815.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One reservation that I've been working with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1818.13,1820.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just recently now is operating a $25 million budget.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1820.03,1825.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are some reservations because of the casinos","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1829.64,1833.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and gambling, where there is 100% employment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1833.87,1838.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Anyone who wants to work for the tribe has a job.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1840.07,1843.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The attitude seems to have changed very dramatically now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1845.4,1849.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from one of trying to bring the cultural characteristics","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1849.58,1854.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that were overemphasized now in sync","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1856.19,1859.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with trying to promote","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1859.55,1862.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the academic achievement area as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1863.14,1866.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's why I am so optimistic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1867.285,1871.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For some reason, we've had to go one or the other,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1872.5,1876.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we could never find that balance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1876.51,1878.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between the cultural importance of education","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1878.03,1883.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the academic importance of public education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1883.25,1886.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're finding that more and more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1886.56,1888.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think that's coming about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1888.3,1890.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of the economic development that is happening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1890.12,1893.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in some reservations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1893.71,1895.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's happening, in thank goodness in Minnesota,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1895.95,1898.177"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and practically every one, there are still lagging behind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1898.177,1901.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but we see this tremendous growth in the economy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1901.96,1906.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because people are working.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1908.35,1911.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People feel a self-worth, they have taken","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1911.38,1915.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a different kind of interest in education.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1915.02,1918.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They are being exposed to other sets of life","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1918.65,1923.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that require thinking skills,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1923.42,1926.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"computational skills, writing skills, and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1926.32,1930.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the people that are working","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1930.45,1932.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the public schools are telling us that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1932.99,1935.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's easier to be a counselor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1935.54,1937.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they don't have to persuade the parents","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1938.64,1941.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as much as they used to, to come into the school","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1941.85,1944.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and visit with them about reading scores","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1944.36,1947.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and math scores and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1947.16,1948.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the employment issue in Minnesota","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1950.16,1952.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been a very, very, very important development.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1954.07,1959.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are many who say that they had done this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1963.33,1966.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at a great moral expense because it's gambling.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1966.09,1969.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's really not what we should be telling people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1970.66,1975.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that to make a living","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1975.4,1978.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"working in a gambling casino and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=1978.78,1981.153"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I don't 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Duluth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2280.92,2282.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We think there's some gaps there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2284.58,2286.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we think that this whole social 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times","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2317.93,2319.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I had ever left Minnesota,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2319.55,2321.073"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2322.72,2323.553"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was an experience in 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writing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2356.46,2359.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"looking over at grandma, grandma would nod.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2359.13,2362.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She'd smile, she'd go on 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grandma","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2368.16,2370.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and pack Navajo, they'd giggle a little bit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2370.74,2373.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"She'd come back and sit down and start writing again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2373.2,2375.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What struck me about that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2377.92,2380.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is this exactly what we're talking about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2380.14,2382.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this whole parental, this whole support system","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2382.24,2386.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that evaded us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2386.75,2388.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And whether we do it like the Navajos did it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2388.68,2392.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in their simple, meaningful ways","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2392.18,2396.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or whether we do it with the corporate support","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2396.35,2400.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of an IBM or 3M, really makes no 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century,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2434.07,2436.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I think we have, we're in indeed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2436.66,2439.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you gotta have that support 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leaders.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2521.71,2525.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One was Roger Jordan at the time","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2525.08,2526.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and others Wendell Chino from 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years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2533.5,2535.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and had emerged into those leadership positions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2535.92,2539.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And a number of us kept begging them, and begging 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issues","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2546.4,2550.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we have to face trying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2550.84,2552.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to put Indian ed programs 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end","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2579.43,2581.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and while tribal leaders were saying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2581.98,2584.857"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Go ahead and do this, do this.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2584.857,2586.82"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We weren't getting that kind of support.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2586.82,2588.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So we did form NEIA.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2588.23,2589.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, it was Mary Lou and I,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2589.96,2591.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mary Lou ran that for about two years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2591.6,2594.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"out of the basement of our home,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2594.9,2596.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it's still still 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agendas","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2618.45,2621.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really deserve a lot of credit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2621.34,2623.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'm trying to think of anybody from 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that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2627.61,2630.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of the persons that was one of your speakers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2630.13,2633.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rupert Costa, and Jeanette,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2635.16,2637.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they were the ones that really motivated people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2637.69,2640.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like myself and Rosemary Christiansen and Bill Demmert","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2640.38,2643.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Sparlin Noah and Dylan Platero and Dave Riesling,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2643.933,2647.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"countless other people to form this association.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2647.71,2651.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they took a bunch of people out to Princeton,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2651.54,2653.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I remember one time and after Princeton","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2653.84,2657.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which I didn't go to, but they came back and said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2657.96,2660.257"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Will, let's see what we can do in Minnesota.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2660.257,2662.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And so we did talk this up and eventually formed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2662.24,2666.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An IEA and it's still in operation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2666.53,2670.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, I'm really proud of what that organization has done","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2670.42,2673.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what they've been able to accomplish.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2673.76,2676.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And now they work in concert with NCAI","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2676.64,2681.017"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the national tribal leaders groups,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2681.017,2683.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and other national organizations around the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2683.5,2686.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I don't imagine there's any piece of legislation","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2686.05,2688.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that comes before the Congress","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2688.19,2689.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where they are not consulted on how that may work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2689.41,2693.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Will Indian Ed ever go away?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2696.93,2698.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The question keeps cropping up by the non-Indians.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2700.03,2704.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I hear it all the time in the Midwest and saying,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2704.71,2708.367"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Why should we have Indian Ed?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2708.367,2709.587"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Why shouldn't we treat Indians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2709.587,2710.617"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"like we treat everybody else?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2710.617,2712.123"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Why can't we just forget about that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2713.837,2715.777"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and just put them in the classroom with other kids","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2715.777,2718.827"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and let them learn at the same rate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2718.827,2721.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and have the same opportunities?\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2723.127,2724.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, there may be some merit to that argument.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2724.41,2728.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we treated indeed everybody alike,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2730.84,2733.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if we accepted everybody for who they were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2733.9,2736.527"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but there's going to be a long period in my view,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2737.46,2740.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before that'll occur.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2740.95,2743.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have a generation of people that still don't understand","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2744.46,2749.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why American Indians have a special relationship","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2749.34,2752.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the federal government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2752.97,2755.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can remember 20 years ago, David,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2755.01,2757.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Gok, can you remember I'll give you a little quiz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2757.4,2758.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Remember what I said about that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2758.88,2761.175"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Sure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2761.175,2762.008"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughing)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2762.008,2765.008"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e But whenever I would go out to people and talk to them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2766.29,2768.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would say to them","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2768.923,2770.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if there's one thing that remember what I said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2770.11,2773.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that is this, that there is a special relationship","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2773.287,2777.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"between American Indians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2777.32,2778.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the federal government that no one else has.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2780.08,2782.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you don't understand that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2784.21,2786.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you will never understand American Indians.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2786.11,2788.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For that reason alone, I don't see","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2790.4,2792.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the treaties being aberrated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2795.43,2797.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like Wisconsin would like to see it happen, and others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2797.25,2801.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or I don't see any public policies changing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2801.43,2804.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the part of the Congress.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2804.17,2805.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, is, are stronger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2805.2,2806.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"more and more strength from one more time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2807.76,2810.133"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This special relationship has begun to be understood","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2811.71,2814.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by more and more people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2814.59,2815.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they're not wavering, they're faltering by the wayside.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2816.85,2820.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We do hear every once in a while","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2820.5,2822.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during the spearing season, Wisconsin","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2823.17,2825.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that those treaties should be abolished.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2825.78,2828.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the chairman of the select committee on Indian affairs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2829.49,2834.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was out Wisconsin, not long ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2834.62,2837.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"reaffirming the government's commitment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2837.04,2840.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and asking for calm and asking for cooperation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2841.04,2843.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Those will not change,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2846.27,2847.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't believe at least in my lifetime,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2847.34,2849.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but that doesn't mean that we have to look","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2851.87,2856.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at some of the emerging issues with a little caution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2856.97,2860.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And one of them is this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2861.53,2863.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I'm going to conclude my remarks about this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2863.89,2868.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this whole question of separateness.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2868.0,2870.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This policy, the government had of being separate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2873.08,2875.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a culturation of simulations, civilization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2876.72,2879.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"kind of rolled up in one,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2879.77,2881.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has sorted itself out a little more clearly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2881.75,2885.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in contemporary times.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2885.04,2886.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=2887.879,2888.903"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27805/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/805/original/AV204013_Indian_Education_a.vtt?1622557053","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/805/original/AV204013_Indian_Education_a.vtt?1622557053"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27806","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204013_Indian_Education_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27806/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Those kinds of things make it all work well. And I'm sure that Henrietta and I can reminisce about those kinds of experiences in our life, but it's wonderful to hear the enthusiasm and the interest of young people like Jim Stone. And certainly, I wanna pay my very humble respects to the Thompsons for being here with you this evening in honor of your son. I do remember that evening very well, 20 years ago, because in that sense, I was aspiring myself to make some mark on American Indians and their education in this country. And it was those kinds of experiences that this young man had, and countless others that inspired those of us who were reaching towards their elderness already to keep plodding away in behalf of American Indian education. And as the topic suggest, this is something that we in the last half of the century in this country have wrestled with, the opportunities that have alluded the first Americans. On a more joyful note, let me share a little story with you because, I'm reminded more and more all the time that I'm an elder, and Jim sorta reminded me that again tonight. And one of the advantages we have is that when we go to powwows or go to celebrations we always get to eat first. And you can see that it's helped me out quite well. Often people have asked the story about why do the Ojibwe people or the Anishinaabe people why did they settle in Minnesota? Why didn't they move further West? And why did they they cut off into Southern Canada? And why did Dakota people end up in the badlands in the area where there are no lakes and rivers and so forth? And Jim, I know there are other Dakota people here, Dakota people, but let me share this little story about how we interpret that, from our perspective, not from some of the historians that have written about it. And it goes something like this, that an old elder Chippewa was observed walking around a lake in central Minnesota. And they observed this from a distance. They being the Sioux or the Dakota people. And they thought, \"Now, what is going on here?\" They observed the old Chippewa walking around this Lake and they observed it for several days and it got on to be weeks. And they said, \"Those Chippewa you gotta really watch them. \"We better send out our best scouting party \"to find out what they're really doing.\" So they sent out their very best scouting party, they got closer and did they indeed observed the old Chippewa walking around the Lake, but now they could hear that he was counting 98, 98. And he kept walking around and around and around that Lake. And of course the Dakota people said, \"wE gotta find out what's really going on here. \"We are gonna send our very, very best scout \"to find out what's really going on.\" And so they did. And of course the best scout got real close. And he said, \"They're right. \"He is walking around and around like counting 98, 98.\" He could not understand it. He said, \"Well, these Chippewa are really devious people, \"I'm gonna find out exactly what they're doing, \"I'm gonna get in and do exactly what he's doing.\" So he did, he followed the old Chippewa around and around the lake. The Chippewa was going 98 and went on for hours, went on for days, for some weeks, and pretty soon the Dakota man got dizzy and he fell in the Lake. The Chippewa says, \"99, 99.\" Jim, I wanna tell one on me. Now, my wife, Mary Lou is here. Mary, would you stand up? She has been with me for 33 years, and she's never heard this story, but she has heard about it from some friends of mine, but it's sort of on me and I don't mind doing this now and then, but it's sort of on her too. But anyway, about 20 years ago or over that, I had left a teaching job in the store, at school system which is a sort of a suburb now of St. Paul and I was teaching American history and political science. And I had gone into the department of education. And one of the main thrusts we were trying to promote was trying to get Indian language and history infused into the curriculum in the schools. And, but, I had a rude awakening one evening at dinner when my daughter came home from school and said, dad, she said, \"It's really easy to tell from what we've been studying \"about Indians in our classes \"that you are Chippewa and not Sioux.\" And I go, well, wonderful. They're finally doing something in their district, telling about Indians. And I said, well, how do you know? She says, \"Well the Sioux are tall and slender, \"and the Chippewa are short and stout.\" Mary Lou thought, that was very funny, she really got a big charge of that. So I turned to her and said how is it that my daughter is tall and slender? But that was when my daughter was about six years old. Now she looks like her mother and I, but we still have a lot to talk about a lot of teasing about that. What I would like to do this evening is to try to narrow some statements and comments I have about three different periods of time. Because this question about learning, the question about achievement and the question about how American Indians fair in the marketplace on the reservation and the urban centers and rural centers still haunts many, many American people and certainly poses challenges to tribal leaders throughout this nation. But let's reflect for a moment and go back to the period of time when I was born. And we pick up on the report that Lewis Marion wrote in 1934. Now Lewis Marion was commissioned by the federal government to do an analysis or study about American Indians. And one of the things that became very clear to Lewis as he wrote, was this whole question of self-determination. He called it self-help, but he said and I'm paraphrasing him, that if we ever in this country will need to do anything, we need to develop a policy and a system where Indians learn to help themselves. Interesting because that policy or that statement was referenced to by many, many pieces of legislation during the thirties, which was a big period of laws written by the Congress. But it really wasn't looked at very seriously until the mid 1960s and later. So what happened during that period of time? When at that time the federal government was contracting more and more would states to provide educational opportunities. The Johnson-O'Malley Act as many of you people have heard, came out of that era. And it really, it says we will provide resources to the state. So they in turn can allocate the monies into the general fund, to educate American Indians. The motive or the goal of the government was to civilize American Indians, was to assimilate American Indians. On the other hand, they had a policy of separateness of placing American Indians on reservations. And so they had, in my view, at least, they had a counterproductive policy on one of assimilation, one of quote civilization, at the same time saying, \"You folks stay over in the reservations \"and we'll do these other things for you.\" And they began to contract with states to do that. That really didn't take hold in all over the country. The Midwest perhaps mounted the greatest effort to work with reservations. In Minnesota, in particular, there was just about every reservation except one had contracted with the state to provide these opportunities. And this went on for 20, 25 years, and all the while resources were going into the general fund and there were no questions asked to how these dollars were used, were they used to benefit American Indians, education opportunities and so forth? And that was sort of about the time I came on the scene in Minnesota, in the late sixties, when I became responsible for that program. And, indeed it was, it went into the general fund of the school district, and that was the end of it. At the same time, by the time American Indians were in the eighth or ninth grade, they were a rarity, I mean, there were very few kids left. But we had a commissioner of education at that time that said that we need to address this question, And so, we were going to hire someone to do that. Here again, I had one of my little ego trips kind of slipped from under me, when they said, \"Will would you come in and do this?\" I was very flattered and honored to come into the department. And I found out that the criteria they laid down was that the first thing, I had to have a master's degree And I thought, that's fine. I found out that I was the only person in Minnesota that had a master's degree that was of Indian ancestry. But, that made me think all the harder of all the young people that I went to school with, who I thought were so much smarter than I was, had so much more talent and skills than I did that were lost. But fortunately there were a number of other people about my age that began to assemble in the twin cities and other parts of the country that began to talk about this question of Indian ed. And we were fortunate, and I believe, that some people took this message to the Congress of the United States in the early sixties. It wasn't until the late sixties, 68, 69, 70 in that period of time when the Kennedys commissioned or were commissioned by the Congress to lead some subcommittees and studies on Indian ed. And what's ensued from that was the national tragedy report that was issued by the Congress in 1969. But there was a summary of statements, by leading educators, by tribal people, by people like myself and others who were just emerging, and speaking out about the atrocities that were occurring in public education across this country because we had no graduates, or so few of them. And so when commissioner's education wanted to select someone to lead an education program the pool was one. And so, that message began to come across from the Congress very clearly to states. This may be surprising to many people but if you look at the leadership of this country then Richard Nixon was the president. And if you wanna put an asterisk, about this topic by the president, by President Nixon, you should. Because if you look at leadership in terms of American Indians, you've had a lot of statements made pointing back to Woodrow Wilson following right up to President Johnson. But President Nixon was the one who said it and then did it. And his policy on self-determination in my view was one of the great policy issues that this country faced, and faced with support from the Congress that really now can be traced to success story one after another on reservations all over this country. It may have come by other presidents. It may have come with Jimmy Carter it may have come by John F. Kennedy. It may have come by other presidents, but that happened in a period of time when the country was sort of undecided as to what direction they were going to go. I remember the debates in Congress when the national study was written, what should we do? What should we do for Indians again? Was a common kind of thread in those committee halls but the self determination one prevailed, thank goodness. And while we might question how far we've come on this whole question of self-determination let me remind you of where we were. And any kind of measurement that you would look at. American unions were at the bottom or near the bottom on every scale that you can imagine. We still have a long way to go. And perhaps there are some gaps that are very, very severe yet, but as I'll point out to you later on in the evening some of those gaps are narrowing, some we have to pay closer attention to. But that was a pivotal point of time for people like myself who needed that reassurance, that the policy makers of this country were sincere about a policy for a change. And what emanated two years later was the Indian Education Act of 1972. That was an Act of Congress that prevailed. Let me tell you about two little parts of that legislation. Some of you might know Bill Demmert, but Bill and I were asked to work with senators, Mondale and Kennedy in helping write that legislation. And wherever we had gone whether it was in Alaska or Florida or Arizona and Minnesota, Dakota , Michigan, Maine. We heard the same theme is that, \"We're disillusioned because we have no voice \"in the affairs of our school district.\" Parents in particular would be more on the fact that they were not welcome in the schools, or they were afraid to interact with principals and teachers and superintendents. So one of the two things we tried to get in that legislation, was to try to find out how we could put some controls in the hands of parents without challenging the whole system of public education which theoretically would have said let's give the American Indians control at the school board level, but you can imagine the kind of tests that would be by the states, if you start interfering with local economies that, had been sacred cows for almost a number of centuries. So we tried to find a way to put in that legislation that if a school district was going to participate, and in that days it was called Title IV and now it's called Title V, that they had to have the consensus of the parents of the students involved. Now, in today's, in contemporary times that's really not such a great a big achievement, but in the early seventies, it really was. It was a lot to say that a citizens group which had never been done before in any federal legislation, to give that kind of control, because control was a factor in these countless amounts of testimony the Congress heard, and the kinds of concerns that were expressed to other leaders by tribes and by Indian communities throughout this country. Control, control, control. How do you infuse that into public policy without turning the system too far upside? We've got that in, and as a matter of fact, the administration, which happened to be President Nixon, opposed that part of it. We had to go to court, we went to court and we got that overturned. The commissioner was the commissioner of education at that time, it was not a secretary, it forced the secretary or the commissioner to a point where recommended the president to names of people to serve on an advisory council. The second thing it said, was that, tantamount to all this control kinds of questions, was that parents were important. Again, that's really not very striking because that's all we hear today, parental participation. But interesting, when The United States is challenged in its educational systems or educational results or achievement namely by other other countries across the country what have we turned to? We've turned to parents, and said, \"You're very, very critical to this process.\" Well, the American Indian community had been saying that in the late sixties, because they realized that that was a critical element that had to be part of their children's education, such a simple thing, because practically everyone in this room can relate to how their parents encouraged them or supported them in their education. That element was certainly missing as far as many, many American Indians in the public schools were concerned. And where we see dilemmas now in our system, we see the same lack of interest as being a negative factor and force on how well people are doing in our schools. All right, another item that was in that legislation was that the commissioner of education had to appoint a deputy commissioner from a list of candidates selected by an advisory council that was appointed by the president. So, we had the challenge at the local level of school boards, by saying that they could not submit or participate in this program without Indian parents consent. Likewise, the control was put on the president and his executive staff as well, by saying, \"You have to appoint \"from the list of candidates we present to you.\" I happened to be on that first advisory group. And that was, let me tell you that was one big struggle. The bureaucracy went to work and at ever return of the way we stumbled, and they took advantage of that stumbled, and they got that delayed time and time again. But we prevailed in the end. And Dr. Bill Demmert, a Tlinglit from Alaska was our number one choice. He finally was appointed to that deputy position which he held for a number of years. I only point this out to you because it's that during that pivotal point of time when seemingly public policy was on the side of American Indians, but then once you get into the system and then when you began to try to implement and administer and carry things out, they are still insurmountable tasks that people have to undergo. And if you turn that around to the local level, the same thing has occurred. And let me jump ahead almost 20 years, to last year in St. Paul, Minnesota, where the Indian parent committee, had disagreed with the school district. In how they were spending resources for Title V, and said, \"We don't agree with you Mr. Superintendent, \"we don't agree with you school board. \"And we are going to exercise our rights as parents, \"and we will not sign off on your application.\" The superintendent said, \"That's nonsense, you can't do it. \"I will go to Washington directly.\" He called some person in Washington and he reported back to the parent committee that they were wrong, that he could disband the committee and he could appoint another committee. And that parent committee indeed would sign off on the budget. Well, that didn't happen that way, the parent committee hung in there, and they said, \"Mr. Superintendent, you're wrong, you can't do that. \"We were elected by the parents. \"And until the parents speak, we are your official voice. \"And we will exercise that responsibility \"according to our judgment.\" They did, and they prevailed. You have the situation at the top, you have the situation at the bottom and you have an almost a 20 year span of time. And one begins to wonder, has anything turned out well? Has anything happened that would make you more optimistic? Indeed, we can go on and on and on and talk about those good stories. And let me share some of those with you, but let me, I wanna back up just to 20 years ago for a moment again, and talk about the major shift that occurred. These dollars that were targeted for Indian Ed they were many times given the responsibility to the parents. in many cases, the Johnson O'Malley funds were contracted. Now with the tribes, the tribes then disperse them to public schools. There was a major shift in how those dollars were used, and the shift, went primarily two things that would help the self-esteem or the pride in being Ojibwe, Dakota, Cree, Navajo, trying to build up the curriculum areas, the language areas. And so, in practically every Title V budget that came across the desk of the people like Bill Demmert and others in Washington, a heavy, heavy emphasis on Indian language, culture, and other kinds of characteristics that would enhance the lives of the young people's idea of who they were as a person, as well as on American Indian That still is in some cases occurring. There's still heavy emphasis on building up the self-esteem. Millions and millions of dollars. And probably billions now had been spent. in India Ed, since the late sixties. What are we hearing 20 years later? We're hearing that the dropout rate is still high. We are hearing that the achievement levels of students are still low. The gap still prevails, that it's not reducing itself between Indians and their not Indian cohorts in the school system. We hear that elements of chemical dependencies are higher now than they've ever had been before. We see statistics from our penal institutions where numbers are increasing. We hear stories about adult illiteracy. For those of us who worked in this so long it's sort of disheartening until you began to extrapolate this a little bit better and saying, \"Where are you getting your data? \"Tell us a little bit more about this dropout rate. \"Tell us a little more about the achievement rate.\" And so forth. We do acknowledge that some of these undesirable characteristics that I mentioned still do prevail. But if you look really carefully, you see tremendous progress over this 20 year period of time. It goes back to this self-determination era. I have not been as closely involved with it as I had in those days, but it's so I can look at it a little bit more objectively. I am very, very pleased with the things that are happening in our state. And I don't know if our state's any different than others. What it that's happened? Is it the curriculum in the schools that reflects the culture? Is it more dedicated teachers? Is it more parental support? What's going on here that causes this? Probably all of those, but one of the things that's happening that's on the positive note where things are going well are people have jobs. One reservation that I've been working with just recently now is operating a $25 million budget. There are some reservations because of the casinos and gambling, where there is 100% employment. Anyone who wants to work for the tribe has a job. The attitude seems to have changed very dramatically now from one of trying to bring the cultural characteristics that were overemphasized now in sync with trying to promote the academic achievement area as well. That's why I am so optimistic. For some reason, we've had to go one or the other, we could never find that balance between the cultural importance of education and the academic importance of public education. We're finding that more and more and I think that's coming about because of the economic development that is happening in some reservations. It's happening, in thank goodness in Minnesota, and practically every one, there are still lagging behind but we see this tremendous growth in the economy because people are working. People feel a self-worth, they have taken a different kind of interest in education. They are being exposed to other sets of life that require thinking skills, computational skills, writing skills, and so forth. And the people that are working in the public schools are telling us that it's easier to be a counselor, because they don't have to persuade the parents as much as they used to, to come into the school and visit with them about reading scores and math scores and so forth. So the employment issue in Minnesota has been a very, very, very important development. There are many who say that they had done this at a great moral expense because it's gambling. And that's really not what we should be telling people that to make a living working in a gambling casino and so forth. And I don't know, I suppose there might be something to that. On the other hand, the motivation behind some of those arguments come from those who also want a piece of the pie, and we're worried and nervous that American, Minnesota Indians and others have found the same kind of dilemma when they succeed and are employing themselves and for being productive in the economy that someone is going to try to take it away from them. We hope that policy makers resist that temptation because it reminds you of a story where an officer arrested a woman for going down a one-way street in the wrong direction. And she said to the officer maybe the arrow is pointing the wrong way and somehow or other, we have to make sure that it isn't either one or the other when it comes to these economies on reservations that are fragile in themselves but are so important to the lives of those people that live there day in and day out and have to have a subsistence, so they can spend some time with children. About five years ago I and number others were getting somewhat disillusioned by these statements about high dropout rates. And so we began to talk about what are some alternatives of just having more money for more programs? If they were more money and more programs and we weren't doing the job, what is it that we could do? And this theme is still is very critical, I believe. And that is, money is important, but it can't buy everything. It can't buy that one-to-one relationship with the child and a parent. And if that parent is wondering where they're going to sleep that night or tomorrow night, and wondering how they're gonna put food on the table for their family, or conversely if the children are worried about being abused, or feeling neglected, or feeling all these insecure feelings when they know their parents are either separated or they can't find work. and they kind of bounce from relative to relative, how could a teacher, how can a teacher manage a child that comes with that background, day in and day out? I think you can be a super human teacher and have difficulty working with children who come from the backgrounds that many of the children were coming from, where they had no economic stability behind them. So we asked the policy makers in Minnesota to consider an alternative, and saying that basically this is a responsibility of everyone in our state, not just education. That all the social services that are provided by our state, should be delivered in a sensitive manner, in an understanding manner. The 3Ms and IBM's and the Pillsbury's and the General Mills, et cetera, et cetera, also had a responsibility here to see what they could do about employment opportunities. So we asked the governor to put together a group of people from the business sector, from the social service sector and the leaders of the tribe. That didn't go forward, like we wanted it to go but it did create a lot of thinking on the part of industry. And now you're finding those kinds of efforts sporadic at best, but nevertheless they're there where there is some effort by some of the major corporate bodies in Minnesota, reaching out to Indian communities, whether they be on the reservation or whether they be in the urban centers in Minneapolis or St. Paul or Duluth. We think there's some gaps there, we think that this whole social service and the private sector has to amalgamate a little bit more effectively with some thought and some vision, as to what they can do. I see this in the latter stages of the century, somewhat, like I saw it in 1968, when I went down and visited the Rough Rock Demonstration School and Arizona, is essentially one of the first times I had ever left Minnesota, and that was an experience in itself. But I remember after several trips down there going to the school, it was run by Dylan Platero at the time. It was control, was a control, was a factor but it was a family style. It was sort of a, you had a classroom with a teacher and you had grandmothers sitting around the room. They were knitting, they were weaving. And I remember some of the experiences like it was right now the little Indian child would be writing looking over at grandma, grandma would nod. She'd smile, she'd go on writing. She'd get up, another little child would go out and walk over to this other grandma and pack Navajo, they'd giggle a little bit. She'd come back and sit down and start writing again. What struck me about that, is this exactly what we're talking about, this whole parental, this whole support system that evaded us. And whether we do it like the Navajos did it in their simple, meaningful ways or whether we do it with the corporate support of an IBM or 3M, really makes no difference. If we can just get that kind of environment, to work in so that the stakeholder is not only the child in the classroom but the parent that might be sitting around the room working on a computer or working on something that can translate into employment or opportunity once they left the classroom. That's still sort of a blueprint that's unfolding. And I think we'll hear more about that as we approach this next century, because I think we have, we're in indeed that you gotta have that support system. You have to have that parental interest, whether it's the extended family or whether it's the mother or father. And we know that, from every family in this country as we see the decay of urban education and the restoration of that, and its struggles, that element is missing. And we're trying to recapture that and maybe it's almost too late. But certainly it isn't in the American Indian community. Because as I talked to tribal leaders in our state in particular, they have recognized the importance of the support system, and they themselves as an elected bodies are reaching out to their children in a far different way than they were 20 some years ago. I can remember we were in Kansas city. A number of us were trying desperately to get on the agenda of the NCAI. Some of you may not know that but it's the National Congress of American Indians which was the most influential national organization in the United States at that time, headed up by some of the real heavyweight leaders. One was Roger Jordan at the time and others Wendell Chino from Arizona. People of that stature, very, very important people, and had led their tribes for many years and had emerged into those leadership positions. And a number of us kept begging them, and begging them can we get on your agenda? Can we get on your agenda and talk about these issues that we have to face trying to put Indian ed programs together? It was always yes, yes, yes, yes, we'll do it. But if a conference went from Monday to Thursday we got on the agenda on Thursday afternoon at four o'clock. Some of you may not know, but the real story behind that is that that's how, the National Indian Ethics Association got formed. Because we could not get on those agendas, if we were put on the agenda, it was at the end and while tribal leaders were saying \"Go ahead and do this, do this.\" We weren't getting that kind of support. So we did form NEIA. In fact, it was Mary Lou and I, Mary Lou ran that for about two years out of the basement of our home, but it's still still going, and it's still having a lot to do with agendas. It's no longer on a Thursday afternoon and four o'clock it's on a Monday morning at 10 o'clock in practically every agenda that you see. And so those people that pushed hard on for NEIA and pushed hard to get on agendas really deserve a lot of credit, and I'm trying to think of anybody from Iowa but we had a lot people from all over the United States on that. One of the persons that was one of your speakers, Rupert Costa, and Jeanette, they were the ones that really motivated people like myself and Rosemary Christiansen and Bill Demmert and Sparlin Noah and Dylan Platero and Dave Riesling, countless other people to form this association. And they took a bunch of people out to Princeton, I remember one time and after Princeton which I didn't go to, but they came back and said, \"Will, let's see what we can do in Minnesota.\" And so we did talk this up and eventually formed. An IEA and it's still in operation. So, I'm really proud of what that organization has done and what they've been able to accomplish. And now they work in concert with NCAI and the national tribal leaders groups, and other national organizations around the country. And I don't imagine there's any piece of legislation that comes before the Congress where they are not consulted on how that may work. Will Indian Ed ever go away? The question keeps cropping up by the non-Indians. I hear it all the time in the Midwest and saying, \"Why should we have Indian Ed? \"Why shouldn't we treat Indians \"like we treat everybody else? \"Why can't we just forget about that \"and just put them in the classroom with other kids \"and let them learn at the same rate \"and have the same opportunities?\" Well, there may be some merit to that argument. If we treated indeed everybody alike, if we accepted everybody for who they were but there's going to be a long period in my view, before that'll occur. We have a generation of people that still don't understand why American Indians have a special relationship with the federal government. I can remember 20 years ago, David, Gok, can you remember I'll give you a little quiz. Remember what I said about that?\r\n\r\n- Sure.\r\n\r\n- But whenever I would go out to people and talk to them, I would say to them if there's one thing that remember what I said, and that is this, that there is a special relationship between American Indians and the federal government that no one else has. If you don't understand that you will never understand American Indians. For that reason alone, I don't see the treaties being aberrated like Wisconsin would like to see it happen, and others. Or I don't see any public policies changing on the part of the Congress. In fact, is, are stronger, more and more strength from one more time. This special relationship has begun to be understood by more and more people. And they're not wavering, they're faltering by the wayside. We do hear every once in a while during the spearing season, Wisconsin that those treaties should be abolished. But the chairman of the select committee on Indian affairs was out Wisconsin, not long ago, reaffirming the government's commitment and asking for calm and asking for cooperation. Those will not change, I don't believe at least in my lifetime, but that doesn't mean that we have to look at some of the emerging issues with a little caution. And one of them is this. And I'm going to conclude my remarks about this, this whole question of separateness. This policy, the government had of being separate, a culturation of simulations, civilization kind of rolled up in one, has sorted itself out a little more clearly in contemporary times. And that is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992#t=0.0,2895.048"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27806","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115992/transcript/27806/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/806/original/AV204013_Indian_Education_a.txt?1622557055","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/806/original/AV204013_Indian_Education_a.txt?1622557055"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - AV204013_Indian_Education_b.mp3"]},"duration":463.968,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/115/993/small/lecture.png?1622557056","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/115/993/original/AV204013_Indian_Education_b.mp3?1622557056","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":463.968,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204013_Indian_Education_b.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e We had to talk about an integrated society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=7.65,11.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as opposed to a segregated society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=11.42,13.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what I would caution everybody,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=15.81,18.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"including my people where I come from in Minnesota,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=18.61,22.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and my Indian friends,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=22.7,25.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and brothers and sisters all over the country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=26.25,28.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's tempting in the short run","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=28.78,32.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to talk about separateness","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=32.85,34.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but in the long run it's going to,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=35.94,37.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it would be a devastating public policy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=37.98,40.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to revert back to the separateness that we once had.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=40.4,43.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We hear talk about having separate Indian schools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=45.4,49.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We hear talk about black separate schools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=51.54,55.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're beginning to hear talk about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=55.47,58.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hispanic separate schools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=58.26,60.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We're even hearing, from time to time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=61.75,64.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about having a gender, gender comes into this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=64.09,68.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"separate schools for girls again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=68.72,70.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One can't argue that you can't learn in those environments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=72.23,76.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because you can.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=78.07,79.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's the question of what,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=81.69,83.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how you're going to survive economically over time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=83.46,87.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's the real issue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=87.31,88.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's some psychological comfort to being separate,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=89.82,94.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be with your own.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=94.07,95.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But when you have a population like American Indians do,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=98.19,101.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you see the budget crunches as they hit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=102.89,106.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how do you suppose those schools would face with fair","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=106.29,110.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the economy where everybody wants part of that action?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=110.95,115.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"About three years ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=116.41,118.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we had a very, very dedicated State Senator from Minnesota","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=119.69,123.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was carrying some legislation that wanted to create","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=123.58,126.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a separate Indian school in Minneapolis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=126.35,129.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The question of learning was not an issue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=130.69,133.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The question of psychological comfort wasn't an issue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=134.84,138.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The question of control, might've been a partial issue.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=141.05,145.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the real question was,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=147.06,149.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what happens over time to the financial support","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=149.13,154.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of that kind of institution?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=154.08,156.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what we have learned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=156.67,158.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from Brown versus Board of Education","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=159.69,162.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and countless other experiences like that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=162.1,164.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the economy shift","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=166.07,167.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and those people who are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=169.56,170.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who do not have the power through the ballot box","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=170.88,175.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are the first ones to receive or to experience that kind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=176.03,180.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of setback.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=183.644,184.477"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I cautioned,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=185.59,187.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I caution our people in Minnesota about that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=187.59,192.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they disagree with me","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=192.45,193.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and said, \"You know, we've,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=195.07,196.527"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"we can't make it in the public schools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=196.527,198.137"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"We've got to get our own school.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=198.137,199.887"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I said, \"Well, that's great.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=200.92,202.127"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Just make sure you have lots of money","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=202.127,204.237"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"that can endure, you can endure, for not only this decade,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=204.237,207.917"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"but the next decade as well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=207.917,210.367"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Because over that period of time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=210.367,211.767"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"you're going to experience some ups and downs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=211.767,214.467"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and pretty soon you're gonna be taking things,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=214.467,216.627"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"what the public school doesn't want.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=216.627,218.947"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"You'll be getting the worst facilities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=218.947,221.097"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"you'll be getting the worst curriculum materials.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=221.097,225.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"And because the people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=226.097,227.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"know the value of public education in this state,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=228.897,231.587"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and they're going to be on the doorstep","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=231.587,232.927"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"of their superintendent and their school boards,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=232.927,235.397"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"and they want that action and they'll get it.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=235.397,238.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's one of the concerns that I see emerging","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=239.71,242.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on this separateness,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=242.76,244.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it concerns me a little bit that we may be pausing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=247.189,251.407"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to think too seriously about it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=252.26,254.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and not spend enough time on thinking of some alternatives","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=254.65,259.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that we can have the best of both.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=259.89,262.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we can have that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=263.63,265.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if we need that psychological comfort,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=265.47,268.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we have to build it into the system somehow","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=268.84,272.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during it for a portion of the day","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=272.69,274.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that you don't jeopardize the long-term economic status","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=274.85,279.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of that building or that school system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=279.63,282.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that is not an easy one to sell at times","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=282.5,287.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because we have some school","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=287.46,290.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or two communities right now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=290.21,291.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are thinking about a class action suit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=291.66,294.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against the public school","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=295.27,296.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and creating their own school system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=296.27,298.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm a little nervous about that kind of movement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=300.24,302.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I don't believe that they'll get that support","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=302.15,305.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they need.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=305.58,306.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Am I still optimistic?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=310.86,312.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Indeed. I'm very, very optimistic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=315.04,317.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some people say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=319.71,320.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Will, you've always been an idealist about this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=320.543,324.097"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"You just are not, you're not thinking about the realities.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=324.097,327.457"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I think of a statement","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=330.4,333.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that Harlan Cleveland made.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=333.71,337.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me read it to you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=337.0,338.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it makes a lot of sense for leadership.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=339.05,342.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I quote, \"If you try too carefully to plan your life","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=342.26,346.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"the danger is that you will succeed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=347.527,349.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"Succeed in narrowing your options,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=351.407,354.117"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"closing off avenues of adventure","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=354.117,357.257"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"that cannot now be imagined,\" end of the quote.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=357.257,361.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think that if we somehow","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=361.81,365.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can instill that sense in our people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=365.01,370.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether they be people going through the schools,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=370.89,373.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whether they be our tribal leader,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=373.5,375.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we won't close off those avenues","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=375.89,377.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even though we have a little success,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=377.86,379.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we can do more with the imagination and vision","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=381.5,386.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if we keep those options open.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=387.1,388.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"20 years from now maybe I'll come back","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=390.07,392.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you'll, well, someone who had been born on this day","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=393.88,397.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and can tell me that I'm an Elder,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=397.16,398.979"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience laughs)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=398.979,399.812"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I can enjoy an evening like I have this evening.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=399.812,403.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Just talking about it sort of inspires me again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=403.67,406.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I haven't been as close to it as I have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=406.86,408.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over the last 10 years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=408.583,411.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I know that Henrietta and her colleagues like herself,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=411.13,416.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and people that have worked so hard on this area,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=416.62,420.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it just, it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=420.48,421.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they must feel pretty good because","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=421.77,423.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in spite of the fact","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=423.77,424.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we have some setbacks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=424.7,427.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"those people have taken their, taken some risk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=427.11,429.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think they've made life better for their people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=430.918,435.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm delighted again, to have been here with the Thompson's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=435.37,438.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and thank you all for a very, very warm reception","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=438.87,442.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for Mary Lou and I,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=442.57,443.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I look forward to seeing many of you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=443.88,445.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over the next several hours while I'm in Ames, Iowa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=445.72,448.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=448.64,449.968"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience applauds)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=449.968,451.667"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Excellent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=451.667,452.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience applauds)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=452.693,455.693"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27807/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/807/original/AV204013_Indian_Education_b.vtt?1622557057","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/807/original/AV204013_Indian_Education_b.vtt?1622557057"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27808","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV204013_Indian_Education_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27808/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- We had to talk about an integrated society as opposed to a segregated society. And what I would caution everybody, including my people where I come from in Minnesota, and my Indian friends, and brothers and sisters all over the country, that's tempting in the short run to talk about separateness but in the long run it's going to, it would be a devastating public policy to revert back to the separateness that we once had. We hear talk about having separate Indian schools. We hear talk about black separate schools. We're beginning to hear talk about Hispanic separate schools. We're even hearing, from time to time, about having a gender, gender comes into this, separate schools for girls again. One can't argue that you can't learn in those environments because you can. It's the question of what, how you're going to survive economically over time, that's the real issue. There's some psychological comfort to being separate, to be with your own. But when you have a population like American Indians do, and you see the budget crunches as they hit, how do you suppose those schools would face with fair and the economy where everybody wants part of that action? About three years ago, we had a very, very dedicated State Senator from Minnesota that was carrying some legislation that wanted to create a separate Indian school in Minneapolis. The question of learning was not an issue. The question of psychological comfort wasn't an issue. The question of control, might've been a partial issue. But the real question was, what happens over time to the financial support of that kind of institution? And what we have learned from Brown versus Board of Education and countless other experiences like that, that the economy shift and those people who are, who do not have the power through the ballot box are the first ones to receive or to experience that kind of setback. So I cautioned, I caution our people in Minnesota about that, and they disagree with me and said, \"You know, we've, \"we can't make it in the public schools. \"We've got to get our own school.\" And I said, \"Well, that's great. \"Just make sure you have lots of money \"that can endure, you can endure, for not only this decade, \"but the next decade as well. \"Because over that period of time, \"you're going to experience some ups and downs \"and pretty soon you're gonna be taking things, \"what the public school doesn't want. \"You'll be getting the worst facilities, \"you'll be getting the worst curriculum materials. \"And because the people \"know the value of public education in this state, \"and they're going to be on the doorstep \"of their superintendent and their school boards, \"and they want that action and they'll get it.\" That's one of the concerns that I see emerging on this separateness, and it concerns me a little bit that we may be pausing to think too seriously about it and not spend enough time on thinking of some alternatives so that we can have the best of both. If we can have that, if we need that psychological comfort, we have to build it into the system somehow during it for a portion of the day so that you don't jeopardize the long-term economic status of that building or that school system. And that is not an easy one to sell at times because we have some school or two communities right now that are thinking about a class action suit against the public school and creating their own school system. I'm a little nervous about that kind of movement because I don't believe that they'll get that support that they need. Am I still optimistic? Indeed. I'm very, very optimistic. Some people say, \"Will, you've always been an idealist about this. \"You just are not, you're not thinking about the realities.\" But I think of a statement that Harlan Cleveland made. Let me read it to you because it makes a lot of sense for leadership. And I quote, \"If you try too carefully to plan your life \"the danger is that you will succeed. \"Succeed in narrowing your options, \"closing off avenues of adventure \"that cannot now be imagined,\" end of the quote. And I think that if we somehow can instill that sense in our people, whether they be people going through the schools, whether they be our tribal leader, that we won't close off those avenues even though we have a little success, that we can do more with the imagination and vision if we keep those options open. 20 years from now maybe I'll come back and you'll, well, someone who had been born on this day and can tell me that I'm an Elder, and I can enjoy an evening like I have this evening. Just talking about it sort of inspires me again. I haven't been as close to it as I have over the last 10 years, but I know that Henrietta and her colleagues like herself, and people that have worked so hard on this area, it just, it, they must feel pretty good because in spite of the fact that we have some setbacks, those people have taken their, taken some risk and I think they've made life better for their people. I'm delighted again, to have been here with the Thompson's and thank you all for a very, very warm reception for Mary Lou and I, and I look forward to seeing many of you over the next several hours while I'm in Ames, Iowa. Thank you very much.\r\n\r\n- Excellent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993#t=0.0,463.968"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27808","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/43201/file/115993/transcript/27808/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/808/original/AV204013_Indian_Education_b.txt?1622557058","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/027/808/original/AV204013_Indian_Education_b.txt?1622557058"}]}]}]}