{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/0z70v89w8f/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Collins, Joseph, Why Hunger ?"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/004/original/ISULogo.png?1601681107","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["Iowa State University. Special Collections and University Archives"]}},{"label":{"en":["Identifier"]},"value":{"en":["RS008-006-053 (call number)","AV203335 (UID)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Why Hunger? is an October 23, 1983 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring Joseph Collins. Joseph Collins argues that the food trade and not a lack in production is what causes hunger around the world.","This item was captioned by Rev.com in conformance with WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines. 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Special Collections and University Archives, Iowa State University Library, Ames, Iowa."]}},{"label":{"en":["Ark"]},"value":{"en":["https://n2t.net/ark:/87292/w9zp3w53g"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1983-10-23"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["lectures","Sound"]}},{"label":{"en":["Agent"]},"value":{"en":["Collins, Joseph, 1945- (speaker)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["1/4 inch audio cassette"]}},{"label":{"en":["Subject"]},"value":{"en":["Hunger--Prevention","Food supply","Agriculture and state"]}},{"label":{"en":["Language"]},"value":{"en":["English (primary)"]}},{"label":{"en":["Relation"]},"value":{"en":["Committee on Lectures records (RS 8/6/53) (physical collection)","Iowa State Lectures Series (digital collection)"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Why Hunger? is an October 23, 1983 event in the Iowa State University Lecture Series featuring Joseph Collins. 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you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=10.49,12.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to the second of a series of events,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=12.28,15.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in this year's Iowa State celebration of the World Food Day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=15.31,20.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Before I get into introducing tonight's speaker,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=22.008,25.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would like to call your attention","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=25.94,27.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to some of the activities that will take place tomorrow,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=27.53,31.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"beginning at 8:30 in the morning,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=31.84,35.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"somewhere in the Union, I guess is 201 or 203 films.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=36.43,40.733"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We will be showing a series of interesting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=43.7,46.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and provocative films dealing with World Food issues.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=46.03,50.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We don't have a schedule put up right now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=50.55,52.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they will be running from 8:30,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=52.71,55.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until 2:15 in the afternoon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=55.73,60.336"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I urge each of you to pick up a copy of the program,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=60.336,64.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because the other 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Zambia,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=88.26,93.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where he has been serving as a consultant for Oxfam,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=95.45,100.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"trying to determine methods of evaluating their 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here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=224.87,225.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was here about six years ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=225.83,227.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't think this building existed then,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=227.56,229.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and this more friendly environment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=229.72,231.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over the Memorial Union Building.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=231.84,234.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as I promised, when I called a couple days ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=234.97,238.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and found out it's been raining here forever,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=238.09,240.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would bring some good weather from California.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=240.33,242.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tonight I was asked to speak about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=247.753,251.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why are people hungry in the world?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=251.64,253.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which is a topic I'm glad to speak about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=253.87,256.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I think it gets us down to the fundamentals,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=256.983,261.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than for instance, having a debate about food aid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=262.5,267.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where you really can never talk about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=268.3,270.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why are people hungry, so therefore you're always talking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=270.99,273.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a little bit in a vacuum of understanding.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=273.63,277.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In 1974 United Nations World Food Conference,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=279.56,284.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pledged that quote within a decade,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=284.82,286.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"no child will go to bed hungry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=287.89,290.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"no human being will be stunted by malnutrition.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=290.69,293.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Today, at least 450 million people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=295.31,299.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and some would put the finger much higher,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=299.49,301.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even perhaps at a billion, do not have enough to eat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=301.7,306.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Far from achieving the goal of no child going to bed hungry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=306.91,311.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"20 million people and mostly children,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=311.52,314.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will die this year from hunger and hunger related diseases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=314.46,318.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No serious student of world hunger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=321.21,323.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would claim that hunger is less of problem today,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=323.57,327.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than at the time of the World Food Conference.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=327.94,330.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Even in the United States,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=331.21,333.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the 1983 Conference of Mayors, called hunger, quote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=333.51,338.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the most prevalent and insidious social problem","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=338.3,342.795"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"facing our cities today.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=342.795,345.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why then, are the much touted solutions that were advocated,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=347.5,352.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in many ways, greater financed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=354.2,356.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through the World Food Conference,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=356.75,358.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such as increased food production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=358.64,361.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"advanced agricultural technology, food aid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=361.13,364.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and development assistance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=364.7,366.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why are the so called solutions obviously not working?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=366.49,370.313"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Asking that question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=372.54,373.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why is the hunger problem getting worse and not better?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=375.122,379.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We at the Institute for Food and Development Policy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=379.36,382.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have come to conclude,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=382.34,383.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that such conventional wisdom solutions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=383.6,387.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such as the ones I mentioned,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=387.97,390.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are rooted in common misconceptions","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=390.01,392.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we too, once shared, about the nature of the problem.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=393.8,398.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"These so called solutions are not based","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=400.16,403.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on an awareness of the underlying causes of hunger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=403.78,407.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Only when we expose ourselves to the misconception","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=409.24,414.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we have held, to the myths that we all share,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=414.45,419.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can we get at the real causes of hunger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=419.59,422.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and therefore take positive steps","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=422.26,425.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"towards a world that would truly put food first.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=425.2,427.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So tonight, I'd like to talk about some of those myths.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=429.95,432.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some of you are probably familiar","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=432.95,434.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a book like, Food First,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=434.34,436.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or a smaller book that we wrote called,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=436.5,439.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"World Hunger: 10 Myths.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=439.32,441.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You'll notice that the numbers of myths","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=441.12,443.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we talked about the institute are not sacred,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=443.16,446.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's not really a given myth three,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=446.24,448.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a myth seven and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=448.63,450.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tonight, I thought of a way of putting things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=451.44,454.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in five myth package.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=454.22,455.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So I do this in so many different packages,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=455.75,458.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I could never tell you how many there are.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=458.42,461.443"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I try to always rethink how to really put this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=463.83,466.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a way that has been really part of my own understanding","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=466.73,470.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of these things, how I have had to change my own thinking.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=470.47,474.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I keep coming back to the myth of scarcity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=474.15,477.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The myth that people go hungry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=478.96,480.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because there is not enough food,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=480.88,482.853"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not enough food producing resources.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=483.84,486.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this is the most fundamental method,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=487.283,489.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really undergirds so many of the others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=489.99,493.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It shapes our thinking about the problem of hunger","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=493.5,497.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what is to be done.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=497.15,498.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's often very subtle,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=499.35,501.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it comes packaged to many different ways.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=501.41,504.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Might come in the language of population bomb,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=504.6,507.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"might come in the seemingly more New Age type language","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=507.43,512.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Spaceship Earth and carrying capacity.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=512.44,515.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The fact is that hunger exists in the face of abundance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=518.86,523.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that, my friends, is why hunger is not only,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=525.02,529.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"such a terrible affliction, but it is an outrage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=529.1,533.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Many, perhaps most, when pressed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=536.84,541.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"will admit that there must be enough food","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=541.27,543.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and agricultural resources on a global basis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=543.54,546.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And indeed, there is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=548.29,549.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And even though many of us would say well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=551.2,553.352"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we would accept.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=553.352,556.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I still think it is helpful to take a look,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=556.32,560.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the facts that are at least the best available figures.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=560.38,564.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One should never get too hung up,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=564.97,566.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you really know what figures are like,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=566.55,568.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the area of world agricultural production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=568.68,571.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But let's look at what the UN used figures show us about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=571.7,576.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how much food is being produced in the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=576.03,578.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now looking only at grain, enough is produced globally,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=579.43,584.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to provide everyone with ample protein,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=584.01,586.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and more than 3300 calories a day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=586.9,590.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And when you consider how much the world's population,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=590.99,593.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"consists children,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=595.61,597.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that 3300 calories is a lot for adults","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=597.54,601.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in most types of physical activity,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=601.4,604.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you can say that this is certainly more than ample.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=604.66,607.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And remember that this does not even count","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=609.31,611.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all the other foods, beans, root crops, fruits,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=611.54,614.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nuts, vegetables, fish and grass fed meats.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=614.6,617.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we're not even going to speak about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=617.86,619.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what percentage of agricultural potential is untapped.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=619.38,623.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what really explodes the myth of scarcity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=626.92,629.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the cause of hunger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=629.53,631.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Is the fact that enough food is being produced,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=631.63,634.986"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even in many of the very countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=634.986,638.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we have come to associate with hunger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=639.67,643.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Countries like Bangladesh, India, Ghana,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=643.02,648.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ethiopia perhaps now, the salient countries of West Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=648.18,653.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"With more time, we could look at each of these,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=655.0,657.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and if any of this is bothering you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=657.58,661.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or startling you in any way, we do talk at some length,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=661.86,664.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in a book like Food First,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=664.7,665.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about most of the very countries I just 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afternoon,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=670.98,672.997"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I decided to say some things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=672.997,674.385"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about a country like Bangladesh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=674.385,676.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"To say things about Bangladesh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=676.79,678.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because I've spent considerable time 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soils,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=731.72,734.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the year round growing season,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=734.81,737.604"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the abundance of possibilities for adequate 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Bangladesh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=751.153,753.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and concerts for Bangladesh.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=753.53,755.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"By the way, the money for the concert and Bangladesh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=755.32,757.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"still sits in a blocked bank account in New York.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=757.13,760.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It can be conservatively 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Bangladesh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=788.54,791.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as one of the reports of the World Bank said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=791.47,794.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a future 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countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=817.86,821.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and to high income peoples.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=821.44,823.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or take the case of 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Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=831.5,833.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that some of the latest figures would clearly put India,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=833.88,837.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as the country with, in absolute 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undernourished.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=850.11,853.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What I saw in India three years ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=853.96,856.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were air strips abandoned, world war two air 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wheat","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=867.94,870.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and with tarpaulin covers over this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=872.7,875.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a lot of it being eaten by rats,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=875.93,879.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and soldiers patrolling these mountains","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=879.46,882.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to keep hungry people from eating it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=882.81,885.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or take the case of South Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=886.94,888.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is very much on my mind, since as you heard,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=888.77,891.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was just for a month in Southern Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=891.38,894.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wish I could really have another evening,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=894.33,898.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to just to talk about Southern Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=898.103,900.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the role that the apartheid 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countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=907.08,908.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But tonight I'm going to say some things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=908.18,909.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about South Africa internally.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=909.92,912.629"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a huge, again, richly endowed agricultural country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=912.629,917.629"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even in this period now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=917.67,919.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of going on almost three years of drought.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=919.69,922.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although it seems the drought has definitely 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Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=930.79,935.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"While according to the medical journal of South Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=935.81,939.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"three out of 10 black children die of undernutrition","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=939.67,944.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before the age of two.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=944.67,946.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In this rich country, South Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=949.17,951.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the highest level of food production","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=951.76,953.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"per capita of any country in Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=953.63,956.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"again to use the FAO figures,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=956.04,958.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"121% of the maximum daily per capita requirement of food,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=958.1,963.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is being produced in South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=963.68,966.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another FAO report issued late last year","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=967.51,971.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"indicates that 72.6%, 72.6% of black children under six,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=971.0,976.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are quote, moderately to severely underfed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=977.82,981.113"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"compared to 6% of white children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=982.18,985.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At the same time, so called market control boards,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=985.36,989.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pump milk into the sea, pile up greater mount,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=989.17,993.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ever greater mountains of butter,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=993.38,995.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and transform eggs into cattle feed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=995.36,997.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No wonder that since 1966, the South African government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=999.69,1003.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has had a law forbidding figures","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1003.84,1007.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on malnutrition of blacks to be published or even collected.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1007.07,1012.013"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But we should not forget our own country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1014.93,1017.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And looking at the myth that scarcity of food,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1018.56,1022.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or scarcity of agricultural resources is a cause of hunger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1022.1,1025.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For here in the great United States of America,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1025.76,1028.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over 20 million Americans,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1029.11,1031.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are to use the euphemistic phrase of our government,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1031.71,1035.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"quote, high hunger risks.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1035.64,1038.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"While over 2 billion pounds of government food surpluses","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1038.2,1041.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sit in storage.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1041.04,1042.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as you well know, in Iowa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1042.57,1044.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farmers cut back on a creatures.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1044.79,1046.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the point is, that hunger is real.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1048.456,1053.373"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But scarcity is not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1055.4,1056.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now the second of these five myths,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1059.23,1063.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I want to talk about this evening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1063.6,1065.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is really another side of myth one.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1066.11,1070.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But because of the prominence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1070.64,1072.729"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the way this myth is 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few,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1328.06,1332.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that family is better off when it has more children","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1332.5,1335.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who can work and bring in some however, meager 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us,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1381.52,1384.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their only means of support are their children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1384.29,1388.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So to address rapid population 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poor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1400.97,1403.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if they only had fewer children,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1403.69,1405.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is the such commonly held thing here in our country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1405.42,1409.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, the third myth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1413.24,1415.103"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I call the myth of increased production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1418.53,1421.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, this doesn't mean that it can make sense","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1422.49,1425.969"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to increase agricultural production.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1425.969,1429.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it's a question of what is the priority,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1430.32,1433.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what is the structure in the society","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1433.19,1436.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in which this production is going to be increased.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1436.24,1438.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So the myth really is, that increased 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decades,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1459.737,1462.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there have been focuses on increasing food production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1463.15,1468.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"supposedly, as a solution to hunger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1468.72,1470.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what has happened in most of these countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1471.52,1473.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that it has been 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increase","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1480.17,1483.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than the rate of population growth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1483.05,1485.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And yet, what you find is that there are more 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contradiction.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1493.16,1495.613"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But only a contradiction until you understand,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1496.638,1499.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that what happens in these societies is that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1499.72,1504.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this is not unlike our own agricultural society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1504.01,1507.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the introjection of modernized inputs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1507.68,1512.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are often basically irrigation based strategies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1513.4,1518.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for improving the plant 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subsidized,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1526.44,1530.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"go into the hands of those who are already well off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1532.5,1537.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Those who are the land holders,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1537.86,1540.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or those who have the insider knowledge,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1540.29,1543.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to know where the dam is going to be 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society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1554.91,1559.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are able to expand their holdover economic resources.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1563.22,1567.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And people who might have 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jobs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1593.09,1596.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and indeed what often happens,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1596.32,1597.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even though some of these areas are characterized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1597.57,1600.958"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by people desperately willing to work for very low wages,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1600.958,1605.958"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"larger land holders fear having so many people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1606.42,1610.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and prefer the mechanized route,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1610.75,1614.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and often again, with aid subsidization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1614.28,1617.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For instance, it's cheaper to buy a US manufactured tractor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1617.21,1622.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this has been studied in case of Pakistan,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1622.98,1625.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for a large land holder in Pakistan,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1625.99,1628.135"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"than it would be for a farmer in Iowa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1628.135,1630.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So without a prior equitable redistribution of land","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1636.01,1639.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and other resources, no matter how much more is produced,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1639.27,1643.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"food or if it's an agricultural,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1643.32,1645.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"let's say a non-food, cotton type crop.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1645.93,1649.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Those without jobs or land are pushed deeper into hunger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1649.58,1653.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"deeper into poverty, they do not benefit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1653.81,1657.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, at this point, I'd like to draw back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1661.01,1663.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And rather than move on to the next myth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1663.63,1666.202"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"take a look at what there might be able to be learned,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1666.202,1671.202"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from reflecting on these three","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1671.72,1674.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"relatively interrelated myths,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1674.35,1676.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the myth of scarcity, the myth of overpopulation,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1676.62,1679.302"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the myth that increased production is the priority.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1679.302,1683.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And here what I have in mind is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1683.74,1685.845"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you might have other things in mind,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1685.845,1687.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I would make two points.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1687.55,1689.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First, this is certainly relevant for World Food Day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1691.23,1695.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hunger can be eliminated right now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1699.59,1702.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in virtually every country in the world,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1702.49,1705.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if there were the political will, to do so.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1705.37,1708.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The myth of scarcity basically comes down to that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1710.199,1714.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But let me take a case, a country that I've been doing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1717.119,1721.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with two other colleagues anthropologists,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1721.33,1723.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the nutritionist, research now for four years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1723.87,1726.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we're hopefully early next year","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1726.95,1729.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"going to complete a book on this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1729.06,1732.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We've been in Cuba, we've had four field visits,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1732.0,1736.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we gonna have our final field visit later this year,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1736.05,1740.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we've been looking at the realities of the food system.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1740.64,1743.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And despite major errors,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1744.77,1748.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to put it mildly in agricultural planning,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1748.0,1750.333"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially agricultural priorities.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1751.18,1753.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Despite the lack of supportive policies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1753.84,1756.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for small private farmers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1756.16,1758.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"despite top down centrally managed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1758.92,1761.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and inefficient state farms, or I should say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1761.22,1763.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"therefore, inefficient state farms.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1763.71,1766.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Despite a naive reliance on chemicals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1766.99,1769.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and other modern agricultural inputs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1769.42,1772.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and despite, of course, the US economic blockade","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1772.03,1774.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and other measures aimed to make life in Cuba","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1774.9,1777.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as miserable as possible, despite all this and more,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1777.21,1781.193"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cuba today, in fact, by the late 19's,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1782.27,1785.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were low amount of food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1787.528,1789.028"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And you can criticize all sorts of things,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1791.6,1794.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I certainly do, about Cuban society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1794.37,1797.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'm also very aware of how Washington policies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1797.52,1800.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think have been, that's a long discussion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1800.77,1803.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"oriented towards creating some of those","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1803.7,1805.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very sad realities in Cuba.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1806.78,1808.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I must say that when we Americans","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1810.12,1812.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"look at our society and the tremendous abundance of food,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1812.11,1814.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and yet the people who go hungry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1814.55,1816.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what this means for children, so forth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1816.29,1818.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why can we not come to this?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1818.78,1821.053"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, second reflection,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1825.44,1826.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on these sort of interrelated three myths.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1828.61,1830.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Genuine food security.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1832.62,1834.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's a big phrase in which, in Food First,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1836.83,1839.617"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we will talk a lot more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1839.617,1840.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about what foods self reliance really means and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1840.89,1843.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Cuba doesn't have very much of that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1843.68,1846.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Lies in an equitable redistribution of control","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1846.39,1849.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over economic resources, over productive assets.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1849.8,1854.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's become fashionable in the last few years,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1856.01,1858.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've noted this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1858.23,1859.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with like the Presidential Commission on hunger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1859.2,1862.933"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even in listening to Gary Hart this afternoon,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1864.53,1868.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to say that, well, the cause of hunger is poverty,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1868.87,1872.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people are poor, and therefore they're hungry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1872.87,1875.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now that is, in some ways in advance over,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1876.27,1878.846"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what was being said, particularly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1878.846,1881.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would say in to the late, maybe, like, late 70s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1881.13,1884.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where it was said, the big problem is lack of production,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1886.352,1889.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we gotta get more food produced, and all the emphasis,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1889.27,1891.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"although you'll still see this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1891.61,1893.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from supposedly sophisticated Food Institute's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1893.17,1896.072"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and new UN organizations,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1896.072,1897.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where all the discussion of the world food problem,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1897.97,1900.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is how much is being produced in the world?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1900.99,1903.863"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there is now more of a looking at the demand side,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1905.17,1908.473"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rather than the fixation with the supply side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1909.56,1913.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it doesn't get beyond this phrase that well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1913.13,1916.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people are hungry because they're poor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1916.16,1918.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And where we have to get beyond to is why are people poor?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1918.97,1922.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And dealing with the implications of that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1926.62,1928.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For malodorous distribute, I should say here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1932.38,1934.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I didn't mention this,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1934.803,1936.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that another way this is put is that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1936.37,1939.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, people are poor, not because there is enough food,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1939.78,1942.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but because the food is not distributed adequately","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1942.26,1944.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to everybody.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1944.51,1945.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And both now distribution of food and poverty,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1947.41,1951.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like hunger, are effects not causes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1951.11,1954.073"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People are poor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1957.47,1958.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they have been cut out of a share,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1958.4,1961.704"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of control over productive resources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1961.704,1964.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"productive assets, land, some participation in the economy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1964.96,1968.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Doesn't mean everybody has to be rural,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1971.15,1972.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everybody has to be working the soil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1972.68,1976.211"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"though, de facto most people in the world do live in,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1976.211,1980.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in rural areas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1980.3,1981.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But they have to have enough real insertion in the economy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1981.66,1986.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they are making adequate 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produced,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1993.05,1995.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"yes, they will be poor, and yes, they will be hungry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=1995.46,1998.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that some people are cut out of 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resources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2019.179,2024.179"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"land, water, credit, access to markets,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2025.81,2030.183"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"access to appropriate extension 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countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2057.44,2061.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that on average, about 3% of the people who own land,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2061.73,2066.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and of course in many of these countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2066.77,2067.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some people aren't not landowners at all,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2067.94,2070.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had on average about 80% of the land in the country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2071.26,2076.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"South Africa, to bring some countries through","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2079.77,2083.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a theme here, the apartheid government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2083.29,2086.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"allocated only 7.9% of the land to the blacks,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2086.2,2090.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who make up almost 80% of the population.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2090.49,2093.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"While whites to constitute 16% of the population,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2093.98,2097.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have used up 87% of the land.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2097.163,2100.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course, the most fertile and productive land that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2100.47,2103.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This inequitable distribution lies at the root of hunger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2104.87,2109.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2111.62,2112.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I would insert here a comment from an FAO report","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2114.77,2117.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in late 1982, which points to what is the implication","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2117.97,2122.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of that land distribution policy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2122.74,2127.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Quote, the racist policy of the South African government,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2127.56,2131.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a lethal policy, and objectivity makes us say that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2131.86,2136.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in its final form, it kills,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2136.981,2140.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and those who implemented are murderers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2140.12,2142.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now that's kind of strong language, I must say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2142.66,2144.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from years of reading UN documents.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2144.51,2146.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not that I disagree with it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2149.59,2150.753"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think it's absolutely right on,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2150.753,2151.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which you sell them fine, right on language in the UN.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2151.89,2154.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if it is possible to end hunger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2156.37,2158.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"why isn't it happening?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2160.02,2161.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, here's where I come to another myth, myth four.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2163.34,2166.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A myth that has been provoked in us,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2167.403,2171.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the likes of The Hunger Project, and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2171.27,2175.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's the myth that everyone wants to end hunger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2175.15,2178.077"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that if they didn't want hunger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2180.067,2182.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there wouldn't be hunger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2182.22,2183.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The fact is that there are those who benefit from 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hunger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2192.7,2194.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have to identify who are the beneficiaries from hunger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2194.95,2198.913"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have to stop thinking at some sort of,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2199.93,2202.738"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what's that phrase apple pie and motherhood,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2202.738,2205.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and all those sort of type of policies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2205.24,2207.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Like senator Gary Hart, and all the others","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2209.5,2211.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who are running against him, make it sound like,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2211.9,2215.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sure everybody's against hunger and people are poor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2215.3,2217.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and nobody wants people to be poor, and so 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find.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2231.38,2232.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Reverend Joseph Townsend said, quote,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2232.67,2235.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hunger will tame the fierceness animals,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2235.95,2238.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it will teach decency, and civility,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2238.14,2240.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"obedience and subjugation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2240.04,2241.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Depriving people have the means to support themselves,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2243.91,2247.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in other words, keeping people in a 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countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2259.94,2262.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for these people to work at wages that are so miserable,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2262.68,2266.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in conditions that are so humiliating,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2266.23,2269.843"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the only way they would do that work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2271.03,2273.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is if they and their families are going 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farmland","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2283.58,2287.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not because the whites needed all that land,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2287.51,2290.675"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my God, they were just a handful of 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country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2303.36,2305.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decided what was the good land,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2305.4,2306.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what was the marginal 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labor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2383.45,2387.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's where the big profit comes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2387.75,2389.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in production of something like sugar.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2389.73,2392.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The prices for most of these export commodities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2392.25,2396.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are quite low, especially in many years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2396.07,2399.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The big profit comes from being able to exploit people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2399.6,2403.474"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at indeed wages that are not sufficient","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2403.474,2406.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for them even to buy enough food,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2406.51,2409.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to keep alive during the whole year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2409.41,2410.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So there's a usually as in the case of South Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2410.87,2414.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a very doubled-edged saw here involved","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2414.54,2419.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the deprivation of land.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2420.13,2423.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People are left with just enough land,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2423.72,2426.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that often the women can stay behind,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2426.32,2429.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is a very much the case to South Africa,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2429.13,2431.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and grow some food so that the family can reproduce","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2432.62,2437.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's labor force, so that the men can work in the mines,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2438.15,2442.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and earn the giant profits,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2442.42,2444.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that go to the mine owners, to the multinationals.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2445.65,2448.533"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We could look at so many countries, Honduras,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2449.45,2451.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tomorrow you'll have a chance to see a film,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2451.54,2454.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which I really recommend to you, called Seeds Revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2454.71,2458.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I could recommend it to you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2459.626,2460.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because our institute worked with ABC Television,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2460.743,2463.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we made the film together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2463.52,2464.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We looked at Castle and Cooke, banana operation in Honduras.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2464.93,2469.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is the company that brings you dole bananas.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2470.53,2472.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And the thing I wanna mention here is that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2474.02,2477.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they have about 140,000 acres of prime farmland in Honduras.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2477.23,2482.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In a country where majority of rural people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2484.16,2488.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have been made landless.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2488.04,2489.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now they use about 14,000 acres of that land","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2489.91,2494.66"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for bananas and a few other crops.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2494.66,2497.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And they keep barbed wire fences, guards,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2497.74,2500.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a few heads of cattle on the rest of the land,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2500.89,2503.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that people cannot plant corn and beans on that land.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2503.89,2508.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If we had more time we could talk about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2510.05,2511.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the Dominican Republic in Gulf and Western,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2511.31,2513.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what it has done,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2513.26,2514.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with a whole area of Dominican Republic,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2514.7,2516.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"making it necessary that women have to work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2516.87,2521.025"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at incredibly low wages, in runaway factories,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2521.025,2525.047"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Free Trade Zones, in an operation that is also owned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2525.047,2529.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by Gulf in Western.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2529.34,2530.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Bangladesh, the largest land holders in villages,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2531.29,2534.173"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were the ones that took the irrigation pump wells,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2535.89,2539.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that supposedly were going to help poor farmers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2539.64,2541.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Bangladesh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2541.74,2542.573"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these were paid for by one of your governments,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2542.573,2545.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"our governments aid programs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2545.72,2547.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The largest landholders not only took these wells,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2549.03,2553.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"irrigation systems for themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2554.64,2556.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the reality was that much more land","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2556.75,2558.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could be irrigated with these,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2558.85,2560.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and these even large land holders owned,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2560.64,2563.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but they saw to it that other lands were not irrigated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2563.17,2566.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because they wanted the other farmers in the village,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2566.46,2569.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the poor farmers to be kept poor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2569.18,2571.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because many of them are in depth to the larger farmers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2571.75,2574.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that way, they're able to force them to work for them,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2574.48,2577.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when they need extra labor in the harvest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2577.21,2580.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In Tanzania, where I was recently looking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2584.08,2586.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at a grain storage program, a very interesting program,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2586.14,2590.673"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in that a lot of indigenous materials","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2590.673,2592.744"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"using a lot of participation from poor farmers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2592.744,2597.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"talking about what are the traditional ways","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2597.39,2599.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they used to store grain and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2599.29,2601.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was going along very nicely,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2601.61,2603.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"until some of the better off farmers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2603.91,2607.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"realized that with better grain storage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2610.05,2613.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the hands of poor farmers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2613.38,2615.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they would be able to store enough corn,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2615.29,2617.923"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and it wouldn't be by so much by rats and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2617.923,2622.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that they would be able therefore to get through","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2622.23,2625.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the so called hunger season,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2625.38,2627.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and would not have to work for the rich farmers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2627.26,2629.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they had the military brought in,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2629.02,2631.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they had the program stop.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2631.07,2632.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course in the United States,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2637.21,2638.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what's been happening especially","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2638.63,2640.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the regular administration.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2640.2,2641.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Probably many of you are aware of sociologists work,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2641.99,2644.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Frances Fox Piven, and what she's documenting there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2644.48,2648.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is how the great society program with all their flaws,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2648.35,2653.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were making it possible through food stamps and so forth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2653.727,2658.727"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for more people to really not take just any job","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2659.86,2664.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that comes along, at however poor wages","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2664.0,2667.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and however poor conditions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2667.3,2669.093"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And whole other area which people can be said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2672.46,2675.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some people to benefit from hunger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2675.68,2677.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the, probably often mentioned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2677.77,2680.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Iowa question of food as weapon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2680.18,2682.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it is a fact.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2683.3,2684.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I even write about it for instance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2684.29,2685.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the book, Food First as far back as ten years ago,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2685.53,2688.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the deliberate designing of policies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2688.74,2692.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to make other countries dependent on food imports","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2692.87,2697.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in order to have leverage over them.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2697.32,2699.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now moving on to another myth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2702.42,2704.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the final myth I wanna talk about tonight,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2704.49,2706.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this discussion, this myth really comes out of the question","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2707.893,2712.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that everybody always has on their minds,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2712.99,2714.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what can we do?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2714.95,2715.963"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And this myth is the myth that foreign aid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2719.325,2721.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the way we can help the hungry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2723.411,2725.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"With that, it was so simple,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2729.95,2732.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with that more of the same.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=2732.09,2733.823"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22732/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/732/original/AV203335_Why_Hunger_a.vtt?1613498510","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/732/original/AV203335_Why_Hunger_a.vtt?1613498510"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22733","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203335_Why_Hunger_a.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733/transcript/22733/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Good evening. I would like to welcome all of you, to the second of a series of events, in this year's Iowa State celebration of the World Food Day. Before I get into introducing tonight's speaker, I would like to call your attention to some of the activities that will take place tomorrow, beginning at 8:30 in the morning, somewhere in the Union, I guess is 201 or 203 films. We will be showing a series of interesting and provocative films dealing with World Food issues. We don't have a schedule put up right now, but they will be running from 8:30, until 2:15 in the afternoon. But I urge each of you to pick up a copy of the program, because the other events, will begin at 10:30 tomorrow morning, and will continue through the afternoon. Today's, this evening's speaker, Dr. Joseph Collins, comes to us from San Francisco, where he's only been 24 hours, because he has just returned from a very fascinating month long visit, several South African countries, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Tanzania in particular, and Zambia, where he has been serving as a consultant for Oxfam, trying to determine methods of evaluating their programs. Dr. Joseph Collins is a leading spokesperson on World Hunger and Third World Development. And co-founder of the Institute for Food and Development Policy in San Francisco. The Institute for Food and Development Policy was founded in 1975, co-founders, Joe Collins and Frances Moore Lappé, together, the two of them have written a number of interesting books, pamphlets, articles, dealing with food issues. Probably the most familiar, at least to many of us, is Food First, Beyond The Myth of Scarcity. Joe has most recently completed a book, on the Nicaraguan revolution and called, What Difference Could a Revolution Make? Food and Farming in New Nicaragua. He serves as an unpaid consultant, an agrarian reform to the Sandinista government in Nicaragua. Joe is a fascinating fellow and is involved in currently, a number of interesting issues related to world hunger, and development issues in general. He speaks to us tonight on the topic of, Why Hunger, and without taking up any more of his time. I welcome Joe Collins.\r\n\r\n- Thank you. I'm glad to be back here. I was here about six years ago, I don't think this building existed then, and this more friendly environment over the Memorial Union Building. And as I promised, when I called a couple days ago and found out it's been raining here forever, I would bring some good weather from California. Tonight I was asked to speak about, why are people hungry in the world? Which is a topic I'm glad to speak about, because I think it gets us down to the fundamentals, rather than for instance, having a debate about food aid, where you really can never talk about, why are people hungry, so therefore you're always talking a little bit in a vacuum of understanding. In 1974 United Nations World Food Conference, pledged that quote within a decade, no child will go to bed hungry, no human being will be stunted by malnutrition. Today, at least 450 million people, and some would put the finger much higher, even perhaps at a billion, do not have enough to eat. Far from achieving the goal of no child going to bed hungry, 20 million people and mostly children, will die this year from hunger and hunger related diseases. No serious student of world hunger, would claim that hunger is less of problem today, than at the time of the World Food Conference. Even in the United States, the 1983 Conference of Mayors, called hunger, quote, the most prevalent and insidious social problem facing our cities today. Why then, are the much touted solutions that were advocated, and in many ways, greater financed through the World Food Conference, such as increased food production, advanced agricultural technology, food aid, and development assistance. Why are the so called solutions obviously not working? Asking that question, why is the hunger problem getting worse and not better? We at the Institute for Food and Development Policy have come to conclude, that such conventional wisdom solutions, such as the ones I mentioned, are rooted in common misconceptions that we too, once shared, about the nature of the problem. These so called solutions are not based on an awareness of the underlying causes of hunger. Only when we expose ourselves to the misconception that we have held, to the myths that we all share, can we get at the real causes of hunger, and therefore take positive steps towards a world that would truly put food first. So tonight, I'd like to talk about some of those myths. Some of you are probably familiar with a book like, Food First, or a smaller book that we wrote called, World Hunger: 10 Myths. You'll notice that the numbers of myths that we talked about the institute are not sacred, there's not really a given myth three, and a myth seven and so forth. Tonight, I thought of a way of putting things in five myth package. So I do this in so many different packages, that I could never tell you how many there are. But I try to always rethink how to really put this, in a way that has been really part of my own understanding of these things, how I have had to change my own thinking. And I keep coming back to the myth of scarcity. The myth that people go hungry, because there is not enough food, not enough food producing resources. And this is the most fundamental method, really undergirds so many of the others. It shapes our thinking about the problem of hunger and what is to be done. It's often very subtle, it comes packaged to many different ways. Might come in the language of population bomb, might come in the seemingly more New Age type language of Spaceship Earth and carrying capacity. The fact is that hunger exists in the face of abundance. And that, my friends, is why hunger is not only, such a terrible affliction, but it is an outrage. Many, perhaps most, when pressed, will admit that there must be enough food and agricultural resources on a global basis. And indeed, there is. And even though many of us would say well, that we would accept. I still think it is helpful to take a look, at the facts that are at least the best available figures. One should never get too hung up, if you really know what figures are like, in the area of world agricultural production. But let's look at what the UN used figures show us about, how much food is being produced in the world. Now looking only at grain, enough is produced globally, to provide everyone with ample protein, and more than 3300 calories a day. And when you consider how much the world's population, consists children, and that 3300 calories is a lot for adults in most types of physical activity, you can say that this is certainly more than ample. And remember that this does not even count all the other foods, beans, root crops, fruits, nuts, vegetables, fish and grass fed meats. And we're not even going to speak about, what percentage of agricultural potential is untapped. But what really explodes the myth of scarcity is the cause of hunger. Is the fact that enough food is being produced, even in many of the very countries, that we have come to associate with hunger. Countries like Bangladesh, India, Ghana, Ethiopia perhaps now, the salient countries of West Africa. With more time, we could look at each of these, and if any of this is bothering you, or startling you in any way, we do talk at some length, in a book like Food First, about most of the very countries I just mentioned, and some others. But in typing this up this afternoon, I decided to say some things about a country like Bangladesh. To say things about Bangladesh. Because I've spent considerable time there, and two of my colleagues spent two whole years there, and spent nine months of that in a single village and didn't know the language. And have written the book, that was published by our institute, which I still find to be, one of the most useful single country books, on how is hunger generated. It's really our book, Food First in the microcosm, of a single country, indeed, a single village, and that book's called Needless Hunger, Voices From a Bangladesh Village. Well, what I certainly didn't know 15 years ago, was that Bangladesh is one of the most richly endowed countries agriculturally speaking, in the world, terms of the fertility of the soil. And in fact, the regular replenishment of that fertility with alluvial soils, the year round growing season, the abundance of possibilities for adequate water. And Bangladesh even in the years that we all heard of famine in Bangladesh, and concerts for Bangladesh. By the way, the money for the concert and Bangladesh, still sits in a blocked bank account in New York. It can be conservatively estimated, that as much as 2200 calories a day per person, is being produced. And that's again only looking at rice and some other grain sources. And yet at that time, 38% of the population was getting less than 1600 calories a day. The World Bank and a number of multinational agribusiness firms look at Bangladesh, as one of the reports of the World Bank said, a future California. They see it as a export country for food products, especially fresh fruit, a food products to some of the oil rich societies in the Middle East. And already there are air freighted vegetables and fish, going out of Bangladesh to other countries, and to high income peoples. Or take the case of India. I noticed I was in Rome at the FAO for a day on the way back to Africa, that some of the latest figures would clearly put India, as the country with, in absolute terms, the largest number of hungry people. The undernourished are listed in this FAO report, looking at the world they put down 201 million people, for India, chronically undernourished. What I saw in India three years ago, were air strips abandoned, world war two air strips, with mounds, huge mountains really of, quote, surplus grain, in some areas, rice and other wheat and with tarpaulin covers over this, a lot of it being eaten by rats, and soldiers patrolling these mountains to keep hungry people from eating it. Or take the case of South Africa, which is very much on my mind, since as you heard, I was just for a month in Southern Africa. I wish I could really have another evening, to just to talk about Southern Africa, and the role that the apartheid government is playing in creating needless suffering in other countries. But tonight I'm going to say some things about South Africa internally. It's a huge, again, richly endowed agricultural country, even in this period now, of going on almost three years of drought. Although it seems the drought has definitely ended in South Africa. But even during this drought years, massive quantities of food, corn, meat, vegetables and fruit, have been exported from South Africa. While according to the medical journal of South Africa, three out of 10 black children die of undernutrition before the age of two. In this rich country, South Africa, with the highest level of food production per capita of any country in Africa, again to use the FAO figures, 121% of the maximum daily per capita requirement of food, is being produced in South Africa. Another FAO report issued late last year indicates that 72.6%, 72.6% of black children under six, are quote, moderately to severely underfed, compared to 6% of white children. At the same time, so called market control boards, pump milk into the sea, pile up greater mount, ever greater mountains of butter, and transform eggs into cattle feed. No wonder that since 1966, the South African government has had a law forbidding figures on malnutrition of blacks to be published or even collected. But we should not forget our own country. And looking at the myth that scarcity of food, or scarcity of agricultural resources is a cause of hunger. For here in the great United States of America, over 20 million Americans, are to use the euphemistic phrase of our government, quote, high hunger risks. While over 2 billion pounds of government food surpluses sit in storage. And as you well know, in Iowa, farmers cut back on a creatures. So the point is, that hunger is real. But scarcity is not. Now the second of these five myths, I want to talk about this evening is really another side of myth one. But because of the prominence of the way this myth is phrased, I think it's important that we talk about it, as if it were in some way a second myth. And this is the myth of overpopulation. The notion that, to give it a little different twist, so it does seem a little different. Hunger exists in countries that have quote, too many people. Now, there simply is no correlation between the population density of a country, the relationship of the number of people to the food producing resources, and the degree of hunger in that country. We can have many examples, and play this all sorts of different ways. Countries that are densely populated, have very few of any hungry people. Countries that have very few number of people in relationship to the agricultural resources, and yet have a lot of hunger and various permutations. China certainly is obviously an example of a very densely populated country, somewhat over six people per cultivated acre. It's twice the number of people per cultivated acre, that live in India, for instance, compared to its cultivated acreage. And yet, China in the 1950s and 60s, succeeded in eradicating famine, famines that had been so common, so common that many Western expert delegations, the Red Cross International, or a number of commissions in the 20s and 30s, said that the best thing that could happen in China, would be that half the population would die, so that then others could eat. But we can also cite countries which have notably few persons per cultivated acre yet widespread hunger. This is true of many countries, for instance, in Latin America. I would mention here Nicaragua, although we could mention many others, simply because I have been working a great deal in Nicaragua in the last four and a half years. At the time of the popular overthrow of the Somoza dictatorship, there were over six good acres of agricultural land under production per person. Now, as you can notice, quite a contrast to six persons per acre in China. And yet the US government, AID survey done about four years before the overthrow, found that 57% of the children were underfed. No one should minimize the long term consequences of rapid population growth. High population densities can make more difficult, the task of social and economic restructuring, necessary to eradicate hunger, For instance, in terms of Nicaragua, it's not the only factor, but it is the case, that the relatively great amount of agricultural land in relation to the population, does make easier the type of very significant agrarian reform that is going forward in Nicaragua, Washington notwithstanding The error is to transform the problem of rapid population into the cause of hunger. Now, this is not some sort of semantic quibble. Getting at the solution to any problem, hinges on a correct definition of what is the problem? What is the root cause of the problem? High birth rates, we think are better seen as a symptom, as is hunger itself, of the powerlessness of so many people, the powerlessness of the poor, of the, as I prefer to call people who are poor, the impoverished, people who are made poor. Our infant deaths are high due to undernutrition. Many births in the family, help ensure that some will survive. Where a family's economic survival depends on working for others, a family that is has been made landless by the monopolization of land by the few, that family is better off when it has more children who can work and bring in some however, meager income, to the family. In many agrarian societies, it is possible for a child, boy, and this has been studied by anthropologists with a number of cultures around the world, to earn more than the cost of the feeding and maintenance of that child after the age of seven, eight years. And in many societies, the only economic support for aging parents, and given the conditions in which so many live old age, in capacities, in terms of work come even sooner in life, than that phrase suggests, for us, their only means of support are their children. So to address rapid population growth, we must address the roots of hunger. And not think it would somehow help the poor, if they only had fewer children, which is the such commonly held thing here in our country. Now, the third myth, I call the myth of increased production. Now, this doesn't mean that it can make sense to increase agricultural production. But it's a question of what is the priority, and what is the structure in the society in which this production is going to be increased. So the myth really is, that increased production is the way to end hunger, to solve the hunger problem too, even put it more modestly, lessen hunger. The fact is that in all too many countries around the world, over the past three decades, there have been focuses on increasing food production, supposedly, as a solution to hunger. And what has happened in most of these countries, is that it has been possible, to increase the amount of food produced per capita, at a faster rate of increase than the rate of population growth. And yet, what you find is that there are more people, a greater percentage of the population going hungry, seemingly a contradiction. But only a contradiction until you understand, that what happens in these societies is that, this is not unlike our own agricultural society, the introjection of modernized inputs, which are often basically irrigation based strategies for improving the plant environment, so that Hybrid's can be more fruitful. These costly items often very aid subsidized, go into the hands of those who are already well off. Those who are the land holders, or those who have the insider knowledge, to know where the dam is going to be built, to know where in fact, this land will be transformed into more productive land. And because of their political leverage, because of their special insertion already in the society, are able to expand their holdover economic resources. And people who might have had, relatively unproductive land before, are worse off being deprived of that. And then, the second devastating thing, for those who are deprived of land, is that as the numbers of landless increase, the number of jobs often have decreased, that is to say, work on these agricultural lands. Because with more mechanization, there are fewer jobs, and indeed what often happens, even though some of these areas are characterized by people desperately willing to work for very low wages, larger land holders fear having so many people, and prefer the mechanized route, and often again, with aid subsidization. For instance, it's cheaper to buy a US manufactured tractor, this has been studied in case of Pakistan, for a large land holder in Pakistan, than it would be for a farmer in Iowa. So without a prior equitable redistribution of land and other resources, no matter how much more is produced, food or if it's an agricultural, let's say a non-food, cotton type crop. Those without jobs or land are pushed deeper into hunger, deeper into poverty, they do not benefit. Now, at this point, I'd like to draw back. And rather than move on to the next myth, take a look at what there might be able to be learned, from reflecting on these three relatively interrelated myths, the myth of scarcity, the myth of overpopulation, the myth that increased production is the priority. And here what I have in mind is, and you might have other things in mind, but I would make two points. First, this is certainly relevant for World Food Day. Hunger can be eliminated right now, in virtually every country in the world, if there were the political will, to do so. The myth of scarcity basically comes down to that. But let me take a case, a country that I've been doing, with two other colleagues anthropologists, and the nutritionist, research now for four years, and we're hopefully early next year going to complete a book on this. We've been in Cuba, we've had four field visits, we gonna have our final field visit later this year, we've been looking at the realities of the food system. And despite major errors, to put it mildly in agricultural planning, especially agricultural priorities. Despite the lack of supportive policies for small private farmers, despite top down centrally managed and inefficient state farms, or I should say, therefore, inefficient state farms. Despite a naive reliance on chemicals and other modern agricultural inputs, and despite, of course, the US economic blockade and other measures aimed to make life in Cuba as miserable as possible, despite all this and more, Cuba today, in fact, by the late 19's, there were low amount of food. And you can criticize all sorts of things, as I certainly do, about Cuban society, and I'm also very aware of how Washington policies I think have been, that's a long discussion oriented towards creating some of those very sad realities in Cuba. But I must say that when we Americans look at our society and the tremendous abundance of food, and yet the people who go hungry, and what this means for children, so forth, why can we not come to this? Now, second reflection, on these sort of interrelated three myths. Genuine food security. And that's a big phrase in which, in Food First, we will talk a lot more about what foods self reliance really means and so forth. and Cuba doesn't have very much of that. Lies in an equitable redistribution of control over economic resources, over productive assets. It's become fashionable in the last few years, I've noted this, with like the Presidential Commission on hunger, even in listening to Gary Hart this afternoon, to say that, well, the cause of hunger is poverty, people are poor, and therefore they're hungry. Now that is, in some ways in advance over, what was being said, particularly, I would say in to the late, maybe, like, late 70s. Where it was said, the big problem is lack of production, we gotta get more food produced, and all the emphasis, although you'll still see this from supposedly sophisticated Food Institute's and new UN organizations, where all the discussion of the world food problem, is how much is being produced in the world? So there is now more of a looking at the demand side, rather than the fixation with the supply side. But it doesn't get beyond this phrase that well, people are hungry because they're poor. And where we have to get beyond to is why are people poor? And dealing with the implications of that. For malodorous distribute, I should say here, because I didn't mention this, that another way this is put is that, well, people are poor, not because there is enough food, but because the food is not distributed adequately to everybody. And both now distribution of food and poverty, like hunger, are effects not causes. People are poor, because they have been cut out of a share, of control over productive resources, productive assets, land, some participation in the economy. Doesn't mean everybody has to be rural, everybody has to be working the soil, though, de facto most people in the world do live in, in rural areas. But they have to have enough real insertion in the economy that they are making adequate income. And that has to be guaranteed right, otherwise, again, no matter how much is produced, yes, they will be poor, and yes, they will be hungry. And that some people are cut out of control over productive resources, is the effect of a few, taking ever greater control over the economy, ever more concentrated control. Because what you'll find in any country, where there are people going hungry, is a gross inequality in control over productive resources, land, water, credit, access to markets, access to appropriate extension services, access to appropriate agricultural resource. This, is the common Hallmark, give you an idea of what this sort of might look like, in terms of land. A UN study now about 10 years ago, nine years ago, concluded looking at 83 underdeveloped countries, that on average, about 3% of the people who own land, and of course in many of these countries, some people aren't not landowners at all, had on average about 80% of the land in the country. South Africa, to bring some countries through as a theme here, the apartheid government allocated only 7.9% of the land to the blacks, who make up almost 80% of the population. While whites to constitute 16% of the population, have used up 87% of the land. And of course, the most fertile and productive land that. This inequitable distribution lies at the root of hunger, in South Africa. I would insert here a comment from an FAO report in late 1982, which points to what is the implication of that land distribution policy. Quote, the racist policy of the South African government, is a lethal policy, and objectivity makes us say that, in its final form, it kills, and those who implemented are murderers. Now that's kind of strong language, I must say, from years of reading UN documents. Not that I disagree with it, I think it's absolutely right on, which you sell them fine, right on language in the UN. But if it is possible to end hunger, why isn't it happening? Well, here's where I come to another myth, myth four. A myth that has been provoked in us, by the likes of The Hunger Project, and so forth. And it's the myth that everyone wants to end hunger. And that if they didn't want hunger, there wouldn't be hunger. The fact is that there are those who benefit from hunger. And that has to be said very clearly on every World Food Day until there isn't any hunger. We have to identify who are the beneficiaries from hunger. We have to stop thinking at some sort of, what's that phrase apple pie and motherhood, and all those sort of type of policies. Like senator Gary Hart, and all the others who are running against him, make it sound like, sure everybody's against hunger and people are poor, and nobody wants people to be poor, and so forth. Yes, there are people who want people to be poor, and who benefit from that. 1786, and there are lots of good quotes like this one can find. Reverend Joseph Townsend said, quote, hunger will tame the fierceness animals, it will teach decency, and civility, obedience and subjugation. Depriving people have the means to support themselves, in other words, keeping people in a situation where they go hungry. Makes it necessary in so many countries, for these people to work at wages that are so miserable, and in conditions that are so humiliating, that the only way they would do that work is if they and their families are going hungry? I mean, that is so common in countries around the world. South Africa, blacks were deprived of adequate farmland not because the whites needed all that land, my God, they were just a handful of people in a huge country. And we could talk about Zimbabwe, which used to be Rhodesia, where 1923 the government did a study of the quality of all the farmland in the country, decided what was the good land, and what was the marginal land. All of the good land was then declared to be only for whites. And an incredibly vast number of population was then moved on to the tribal trust lands, as they were called. And this is being done again, not because whites need so much land, not because they could even begin to work the land. But in order to make so many people poor and hungry so that they would work for cheap wages, on rich people's farms, Nicaragua, same story. The vast an extensive violence, uprooting of people from good farmland massively beginning in the late 1940s, on the Pacific coast of Nicaragua, yes, was part of elite owners expanding very significantly the production of cotton, sugar and grazing of cattle, on good farmland. But again, wasn't that they were using all that land for those things, but it was a conscious process of making people dependent on waged labor. And that's where the big profit comes in production of something like sugar. The prices for most of these export commodities are quite low, especially in many years. The big profit comes from being able to exploit people, at indeed wages that are not sufficient for them even to buy enough food, to keep alive during the whole year. So there's a usually as in the case of South Africa, and a very doubled-edged saw here involved in the deprivation of land. People are left with just enough land, so that often the women can stay behind, is a very much the case to South Africa, and grow some food so that the family can reproduce it's labor force, so that the men can work in the mines, and earn the giant profits, that go to the mine owners, to the multinationals. We could look at so many countries, Honduras, tomorrow you'll have a chance to see a film, which I really recommend to you, called Seeds Revolution. I could recommend it to you, because our institute worked with ABC Television, we made the film together. We looked at Castle and Cooke, banana operation in Honduras. This is the company that brings you dole bananas. And the thing I wanna mention here is that, they have about 140,000 acres of prime farmland in Honduras. In a country where majority of rural people, have been made landless. Now they use about 14,000 acres of that land for bananas and a few other crops. And they keep barbed wire fences, guards, and a few heads of cattle on the rest of the land, so that people cannot plant corn and beans on that land. If we had more time we could talk about the Dominican Republic in Gulf and Western, and what it has done, with a whole area of Dominican Republic, making it necessary that women have to work at incredibly low wages, in runaway factories, in Free Trade Zones, in an operation that is also owned by Gulf in Western. Bangladesh, the largest land holders in villages, were the ones that took the irrigation pump wells, that supposedly were going to help poor farmers in Bangladesh, these were paid for by one of your governments, our governments aid programs. The largest landholders not only took these wells, irrigation systems for themselves. But the reality was that much more land could be irrigated with these, and these even large land holders owned, but they saw to it that other lands were not irrigated because they wanted the other farmers in the village, the poor farmers to be kept poor, because many of them are in depth to the larger farmers. And that way, they're able to force them to work for them, when they need extra labor in the harvest. In Tanzania, where I was recently looking at a grain storage program, a very interesting program, in that a lot of indigenous materials using a lot of participation from poor farmers talking about what are the traditional ways they used to store grain and so forth. This was going along very nicely, until some of the better off farmers, realized that with better grain storage in the hands of poor farmers, they would be able to store enough corn, and it wouldn't be by so much by rats and so forth. And that they would be able therefore to get through the so called hunger season, and would not have to work for the rich farmers, and they had the military brought in, and they had the program stop. And of course in the United States, what's been happening especially with the regular administration. Probably many of you are aware of sociologists work, Frances Fox Piven, and what she's documenting there, is how the great society program with all their flaws, were making it possible through food stamps and so forth, for more people to really not take just any job that comes along, at however poor wages and however poor conditions. And whole other area which people can be said, some people to benefit from hunger, is the, probably often mentioned in Iowa question of food as weapon. But it is a fact. I even write about it for instance, in the book, Food First as far back as ten years ago, of the deliberate designing of policies to make other countries dependent on food imports in order to have leverage over them. Now moving on to another myth, the final myth I wanna talk about tonight, this discussion, this myth really comes out of the question that everybody always has on their minds, what can we do? And this myth is the myth that foreign aid, is the way we can help the hungry. With that, it was so simple, with that more of the same.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105733#t=0.0,2739.59184"}]}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 2 of 2 - AV203335_Why_Hunger_b.mp3"]},"duration":2741.83837,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/105/734/small/lecture.png?1613498513","type":"Image","format":"image/png"}],"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/content/2/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-iastate.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/105/734/original/AV203335_Why_Hunger_b.mp3?1613498513","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":2741.83837,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203335_Why_Hunger_b.vtt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2.305,4.805"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Or even new improved foreign aid could help.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=5.66,9.303"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have a book we published a year and a half or so ago","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=13.42,16.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the institute, called, \"Aid as Obstacle\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=16.92,19.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"based on research we did over a couple of years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=19.13,22.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"looking at USAID programs, World Bank Programs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=22.34,26.337"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as you probably know, the U.S. government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=26.337,28.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is the major power within the World Bank.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=28.12,30.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what we're talking about here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=33.0,34.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is government to government aid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=34.92,37.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Be it from the AID or the World Bank,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=37.72,40.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it goes to governments.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=40.28,42.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And what we found is that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=42.85,45.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thinking if you do,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=46.18,47.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that that is going to help the poor and hungry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=47.4,50.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You then have to believe","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=50.5,51.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you're going to help the powerless.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=51.89,54.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Remember, that's how we defined","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=54.16,55.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the situation of people who are hungry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=56.89,58.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You're going to help the powerless,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=58.79,60.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by channeling resources through the powerful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=62.0,65.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that simply won't work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=65.51,67.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It won't work elsewhere and it won't work here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=67.83,71.633"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I think when you think about it in our own country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=73.5,75.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in our own context, you realize how absurd","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=75.46,77.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the notion of helping the poor through the well-off is.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=77.49,81.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And in fact what we have found,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=85.41,87.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and others have documented the impact of aid programs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=87.5,92.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that, the people who supposedly","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=92.96,94.357"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are gonna be the beneficiaries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=94.357,97.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The poor villagers or the poor people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=97.12,100.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and even the urban areas,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=100.14,101.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their lives are in fact made worse in many cases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=101.63,104.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, it's not even like we can say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=104.95,106.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"well, our aid is missing the people we'd want to help.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=106.27,110.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now it's actually making their situation worse.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=110.13,112.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Often the type of resources that are put in,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=114.32,118.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"again like in the case","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=118.37,119.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the irrigation tubewell in Bangladesh,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=119.57,122.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"make more prosperous people who are already well off,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=122.79,126.507"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"giving them more possibilities,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=128.05,130.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for instance, of buying up more land,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=130.02,131.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"making more people landless,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=131.64,134.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or mechanizing more with their extra profits.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=134.37,138.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And therefore there are fewer jobs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=138.33,140.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for people whose very survival depend on getting those jobs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=140.46,144.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Food aid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=148.44,149.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's much talk always","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=149.83,151.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how well America has such a surplus of food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=151.7,154.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are all these hungry people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=154.65,155.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"shouldn't we be helping them with food aid?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=155.84,158.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, most U.S. food aid is sold on credit,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=159.68,163.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"long-term, very low interest credit to governments.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=163.09,166.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But the important thing here is that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=166.01,167.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in arranging it that way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=167.47,169.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then the recipient government has the possibility,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=169.63,174.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and almost all of them do this, of selling the food aid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=174.66,179.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And indeed, this is a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=179.5,181.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"phenomenon that is not by chance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=183.8,186.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because often food aid is really targeted to governments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=186.83,190.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that the United States government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=190.8,192.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has decided to financially support.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=192.12,194.693"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As a way of actually passing money","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=195.708,198.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to a government that the U.S. government wants to support,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=199.83,202.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but making it sound all right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=202.7,203.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We do this a lot with the Saigon government.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=203.86,207.623"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there was a point there when almost","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=208.531,210.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all of the U.S. food aid program was Saigon,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=210.18,213.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it was again, really being sold by the Saigon government","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=213.55,217.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and providing a lot of budgetary support.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=217.16,219.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And guess where the U.S. government's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=219.48,220.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doing that a lot now today, El Salvador.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=220.77,222.973"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But another point about the sale or resale of food aid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=226.08,229.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that, by definition,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=229.93,232.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the poor and the hungry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=232.5,234.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the poor are not gonna be able to buy it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=234.54,236.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so they're not getting it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=236.31,237.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And moreover, since in fact it's being resold,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=242.04,244.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it often is a depressant on the local food market","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=244.99,249.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which worsens the situation of local farmers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=250.13,253.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Food for Work programs in societies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=257.55,260.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are structured against the poor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=260.72,263.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"get co-opted by the, for instance landholders,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=263.15,267.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who get work done free,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=267.26,269.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"improving the productivity of their lands.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=269.3,272.343"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which certainly does not help the landless.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=273.2,275.62"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again, through ways in which prosperity","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=275.62,278.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of those who are monopolizing resources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=278.16,280.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can in fact enhance their control over resources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=280.64,283.787"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and can make the lives worse of poor people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=283.787,286.283"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's a very good book done by Oxfam United Kingdom.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=287.48,291.683"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the English based Oxfam, on food aid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=292.76,296.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we distribute this at our institute,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=296.75,298.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's called, \"Against The Grain\", done by Tony Jackson,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=298.97,303.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who has really dedicated his life","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=303.5,305.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over the last I would say seven years now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=305.56,309.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to studying food aid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=309.26,310.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was in charge of food aid distribution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=310.34,312.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for a number of voluntary agencies in Guatemala,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=312.37,315.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the time of the earthquake","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=315.61,317.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and had worked previously in Guatemala.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=317.27,319.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he learned a lot from that experience","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=319.78,321.824"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and became very anti-food aid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=321.824,324.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then got some funding from Oxfam,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=324.92,328.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to really study food aid in a number of countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=328.44,330.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"around the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=330.94,331.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And looking at the type of food aid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=331.773,334.413"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he concentrated on it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=335.47,336.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which is not resold supposedly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=336.35,339.755"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but given to the poor,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=339.755,341.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"looking at the good old food aid.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=341.16,342.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there's not enough time this evening","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=342.61,344.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to run through those cases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=344.61,346.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But it's a small portion of the total food aid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=346.61,349.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but what he finds is that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=349.13,351.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"again it does not help the hungry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=351.05,354.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and in fact often worsens their situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=354.34,357.143"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another thing about our foreign aid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=359.93,362.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bilateral and multilateral aid or economic aid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=362.52,365.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that it's concentrated on a handful of countries.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=365.69,368.893"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And interestingly, those often,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=370.14,372.203"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I'm not sure there are any exceptions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=373.579,374.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I'll just say often turn out to be governments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=374.9,377.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are notorious","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=377.58,379.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for being structured against the poor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=380.07,384.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Against the poor farmers, against the landless.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=384.32,387.253"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That are often militarily, police-wise,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=388.37,391.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very repressive towards any movements for change.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=391.45,394.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Governments such as the Mobutu regime in Zaire.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=395.68,398.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Mobutu was recently in Washington","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=402.421,404.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and was well received by Reagan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=404.37,406.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, he is the Samoza,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=406.07,407.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"he is the killer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=407.94,410.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=410.81,411.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A man who is terribly self-enriched.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=411.643,414.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And Zaire is country, which despite again,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=414.54,417.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's abundant agricultural and mineral resources,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=417.11,421.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a country of great hunger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=421.13,422.483"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Egypt, Turkey, Philippines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=425.76,428.293"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hopefully more Americans are now beginning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=429.15,430.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to get some inkling of what it's like in the Philippines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=430.94,433.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or what is this government of Marcos","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=433.41,435.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that has had such economic support,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=435.27,438.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bilateral and multilateral from the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=438.56,441.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some of them, I think it's about the third largest recipient","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=441.17,443.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or fourth largest recipient, of World Bank Loans.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=443.79,446.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"A couple of my colleagues have done a study","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=447.39,449.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just of the World Bank's impact on the Philippines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=449.53,452.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have a book called, \"Development Debacle\",","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=452.27,454.527"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is an underground bestseller in the Philippines.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=457.36,460.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But definitely underground, I must say.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=460.95,462.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, many of those who hear us say","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=464.33,467.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it's a myth that foreign development assistance,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=467.36,470.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that food aid is a solution to hunger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=470.24,472.45"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"think that we are like some Reaganites saying,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=472.45,474.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cut them off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=474.88,475.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let them feed themselves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=475.95,477.377"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let us solve our own problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=477.377,479.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or we must take care of our own.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=479.38,481.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But this is not what we are saying.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=481.5,483.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Rather, we are saying that aid programs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=486.39,489.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are not even buying time for the poor and hungry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=489.33,493.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is, they are not even a holding action.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=493.02,496.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At least feeding some hungry people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=496.15,498.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"while people can be working on the structural changes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=498.11,503.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the redistribution of control over assets.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=503.09,505.353"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"No, it's not like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=506.6,508.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact aid programs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=508.18,509.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I pointed out in many societies,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=509.63,512.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are making things worse by reinforcing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=512.49,517.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the structures, the class,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=517.52,520.438"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the elites in the societies hold.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=520.438,523.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That is in fact generating the hunger and poverty","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=523.97,526.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the first place.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=526.64,527.873"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nowhere is this more clear than U.S. aid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=528.8,531.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"economic, as well as military, to the Salvadoran regime.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=531.55,535.453"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, what we are also saying","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=538.05,539.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that surely the Reaganites are not,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=539.6,541.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is that our biggest problem,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=541.63,544.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the biggest problem that we at the institute","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=544.4,546.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have with foreign aid advocacy is that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=546.68,549.993"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"good Americans who are concerned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=551.41,553.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about poverty and hunger in the world","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=553.06,554.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are in fact victimized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=554.7,556.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by thinking that foreign aid is the solution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=556.26,559.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For foreign aid can lower them into thinking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=559.19,561.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that at least we are doing something.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=561.65,564.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's the idea that, gosh, there are people hungry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=564.92,567.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'll give a dollar or $10 or $10,000 to this organization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=567.01,570.727"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then at least I can sleep better at night, I can eat.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=570.727,573.577"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Foreign aid can blind us here,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=575.84,578.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from seeing the whole range of obstacles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=578.46,581.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that our government and so many corporations","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=581.57,584.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"based in our society,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=584.16,585.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"working in countries where people go hungry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=585.25,588.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Obstacles being placed in the way of 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moves,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=720.87,724.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so many things that most Americans never hear about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=724.08,726.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are so much more 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now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=749.76,751.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"particularly with the Kirkpatrick Reagan administration,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=751.97,754.944"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the apartheid regime in South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=754.944,757.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And we see what that means internally in South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=757.88,761.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And while I was in 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sabotage","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=763.957,767.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Mozambique economy, coming from South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=767.9,771.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or in Zimbabwe earlier this year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=771.36,773.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In one single moment,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=776.25,777.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"half of the air force planes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=777.44,781.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the Zimbabwean government were bombed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=781.03,784.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sitting on the runway by agents of South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=784.93,788.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The oil pipeline on which Zimbabwe is dependent,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=788.83,791.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it has no internal oil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=791.84,793.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has been exploded twice in the last year by South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=793.73,798.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"In fact, a whole list of these things were recounted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=798.0,800.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to me and a couple other people from Oxfam,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=800.77,803.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the head of AID in the U.S. Embassy in Zimbabwe.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=803.5,808.273"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, what I'd like to conclude with this evening,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=813.76,817.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"having laid out all of this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=817.02,818.881"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I appreciate that it takes a lot","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=818.881,820.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to listen to all that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=820.9,823.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are a few sort of points","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=823.48,826.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about sort of like,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=826.15,828.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"things that helped me kind of go on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=830.36,833.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doing this type of work that help us at the institute,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=833.29,835.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"move ahead and that we'd like to share","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=838.33,839.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with people who obviously,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=839.96,841.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you wouldn't be here this evening if you didn't care.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=841.75,844.393"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First point is don't get overwhelmed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=845.34,849.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I say that at this point, in case you are overwhelmed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=849.12,852.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What I find terribly important,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=852.05,853.793"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is to focus on a particular country","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=855.34,858.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or a particular region.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=858.87,860.073"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Especially since we're in a school setting,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=861.53,863.1"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's very appropriate.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=863.1,864.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You know, what?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=864.74,865.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Try to figure out every way you can use,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=865.8,867.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the learning you're doing in school and so forth,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=867.55,869.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to study South Africa","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=869.46,872.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or El Salvador, or the Philippines or whatever.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=872.24,875.743"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's good for a while to stop looking at world hunger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=876.86,879.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and look at hunger in a country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=879.75,881.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the United States is not a bad one either,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=881.38,884.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and kinda learn all about that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=884.083,885.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"'Cause that then, really sharpens your ability","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=885.98,888.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to go on and understand other situations.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=888.11,890.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And of course it more importantly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=890.12,892.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"helps you identify some specific actions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=892.15,895.012"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you might want to get involved in doing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=895.012,898.762"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Another thing about a focus is that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=901.203,904.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if you really appreciate the root cause of hunger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=904.93,908.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then you will not get hung up in any discussion.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=908.06,910.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, should I be concentrating on disarmament","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=910.38,913.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or should I be doing energy focus?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=913.93,916.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Or should I be working against hunger or whatever?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=916.73,919.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cause the root cause of all these problems","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=919.09,921.107"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is really the same.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=921.107,922.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's concentrated economic and political power.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=922.37,926.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, do whatever makes sense for you in your life situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=926.06,930.713"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And don't think somehow that you should feel guilty","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=931.68,934.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you're really now concentrate on only,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=934.29,936.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"always on this one thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=936.65,938.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because if you're doing it well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=938.98,940.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you'll be getting at the root cause","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=940.38,942.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of all the great problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=942.26,944.083"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Secondly,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=946.17,947.043"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't look for models.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=948.56,950.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Hope to learn things from experiences","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=952.7,956.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you examine elsewhere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=956.73,958.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But don't thinking that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=958.05,959.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's some ideal government out 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situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=972.51,973.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You can see many things that are less than ideal,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=973.83,978.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and many errors that were made and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=978.58,981.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, there's (stuttering)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=981.33,984.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Have the information that starts going.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=984.54,987.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, it's not only questioning of information.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=987.51,989.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's often knowing, being much more aware 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suffering.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=998.82,1000.21"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What is going on where people are standing up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1000.21,1002.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and fighting for their rights,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1002.38,1004.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where they are so heroically risking their lives?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1004.15,1006.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's 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letters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1010.78,1013.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and literature and articles and things that come into us,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1013.56,1016.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and we see how many people are doing 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Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1027.583,1029.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I wish I had time to share with you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1029.04,1031.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a few of the days we spent on this 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Zambia","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1038.71,1042.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and a number of Southern African countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1042.16,1045.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"farms that they are setting up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1046.25,1047.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the people who were forced out of South Africa.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1047.68,1050.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What they call self-reliance farms and freedom 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America,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1115.13,1117.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Moscow,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1117.08,1118.073"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"BBC, and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1120.3,1121.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then they come together at 9:00 p.m","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1121.86,1123.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the whole student body,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1123.36,1124.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they give the summary","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1124.95,1125.84"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of what each one of these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1125.84,1127.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"broadcasts was giving out that day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1129.06,1131.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And then they have an hour long discussion","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1131.74,1134.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of various things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1134.72,1135.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, this was incredibly inspiring to see.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1135.78,1138.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And also the type of questions that come up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1138.07,1141.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the discussion, show how","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1141.78,1143.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these young people are really learning.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1143.97,1148.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What are the real question?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1148.95,1150.803"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, I don't think I could have found anything like that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1150.803,1153.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in California.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1153.8,1154.823"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And it's very inspiring.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1156.63,1157.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because I can say even among","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1157.463,1159.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"exiled groups in diaspora from their countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1160.58,1163.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I know very few instances,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1163.79,1165.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where there is something that is so well thought out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1165.16,1167.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and moving ahead as what the ANC is doing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1167.93,1171.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I wish we could talk about,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1173.06,1174.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because I don't think you have probably heard much,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1174.67,1176.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I wrote about what is going on in Brazil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1176.42,1180.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The sugar workers in Northeast Brazil.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1180.27,1183.003"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Agrarian Reform efforts that are going on there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1183.84,1187.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, we are treated to certain types of information.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1187.34,1189.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Like we can all be in great solidarity with Poland,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1189.85,1193.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but we don't hear anything about Brazil,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1193.54,1195.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where the U.S. government is so pivotal.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1195.07,1197.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The Philippines,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1198.89,1199.943"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and from the Philippines to South Africa to Haiti,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1201.51,1204.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people are gaining hope by working together.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1204.57,1207.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that inspires us.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1207.39,1208.883"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And finally, take the long view.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1210.35,1212.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"'Cause if you don't take the long view,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1213.994,1215.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you won't be doing anything, for a long time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1215.12,1218.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Quite frankly, we believe that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1219.93,1221.037"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"unless we can sense ourselves","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1221.037,1223.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as part of a long human struggle,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1223.4,1226.74"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one that's much longer than any of our lifetimes,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1226.74,1229.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we are likely to be very disappointed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1229.8,1232.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"burned out and tempted to give up.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1232.37,1234.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The causes of needless hunger have been built and reinforced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1235.06,1237.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over hundreds and hundreds of years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1237.91,1240.023"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Such forces, both the institutions and the assumptions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1241.39,1245.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on which those institutions are based,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1245.16,1247.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cannot be changed in a few years or even in a few decades.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1247.28,1252.27"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yes, dramatic new starts are achieved","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1252.27,1255.06"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with apparent quickness.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1255.06,1256.89"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it especially seems to people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1256.89,1259.04"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who are totally uninformed what's going on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1259.04,1260.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then all of a sudden it seems like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1260.7,1261.583"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's a big change somewhere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1261.583,1263.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what appears a sudden, in fact, is invariably","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1265.66,1269.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the result of years and years of work and sacrifice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1269.49,1274.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Moreover, the rejection of the old does not create the new.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1274.01,1277.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That will take more years of work and sacrifice.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1277.38,1280.653"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So with that, I would say that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1283.38,1286.423"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what I always like to close with is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1287.834,1290.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a phrase from someone I greatly admire, I.F. Stone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1290.29,1294.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't know how many people know I.F. Stone,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1294.24,1296.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who single handedly sometimes as a journalist,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1296.81,1301.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"carried on in Washington, exposing the real lies","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1301.03,1305.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Republican Democratic Administrations over a few decades.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1305.17,1310.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And he said, \"If you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1310.69,1312.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"in your lifetime, find the answer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1313.877,1317.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"to what you're asking,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1318.137,1320.217"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"then you were not asking a big enough question.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1320.217,1322.997"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1324.33,1325.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(audience 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Question?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1333.702,1334.535"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Sure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1334.535,1335.368"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But would you point out who,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1335.368,1337.209"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so I don't have to try to remember","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1337.209,1338.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who had his or her hand up longer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1338.99,1341.017"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1341.017,1341.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He will take some questions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1341.85,1343.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1343.42,1344.503"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I have a couple of real short ones.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1344.503,1347.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"First of all, it's kind of (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1347.643,1352.643"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e You mean just by statistics?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1357.12,1358.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What do you mean?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1358.76,1359.593"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The amounts and so forth?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1359.593,1360.651"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1360.651,1361.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Oh no.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1361.5,1362.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1362.57,1363.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1363.403,1364.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, if you're only interested in U.S food aid,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1364.3,1367.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you could...\n(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1367.33,1368.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Worldwide.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1368.23,1369.063"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1369.063,1370.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, well, World Food Council","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1370.41,1373.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Rome.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1373.94,1375.223"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But they're basically using the statistics that are compiled","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1376.55,1379.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by the sort of, well, it's the same building,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1379.19,1383.048"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the FAO, the Food and Agricultural Organization.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1383.048,1386.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, the Food and Agricultural Organization","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1386.58,1388.36"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has a Liaison Office in Washington, DC,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1388.36,1392.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and they have a library","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1392.67,1393.835"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there is a whole publication on food aids.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1393.835,1397.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Food aid of all countries in the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1397.99,1401.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Where you learn such things such as,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1401.51,1403.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that India is one of the major food aid donors in the world.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1403.52,1407.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And some things like that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1407.07,1408.981"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1408.981,1409.814"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e The other question was,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1409.814,1410.647"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you mentioned Food for Work.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1410.647,1412.608"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Most of the literature (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1412.608,1417.608"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I get the impression from you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1424.829,1426.382"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you don't agree with that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1426.382,1427.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, I'm sorry then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1427.41,1428.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was starting to mumble then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1428.61,1430.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because in fact they are,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1430.44,1432.663"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"again they do not work in the interest of the hungry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1434.29,1437.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They work often to, as I say improve, for instance.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1437.64,1442.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Often they're just furthered away totally","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1442.57,1444.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and just totally lost in corruption and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1444.77,1447.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if in a sense, any work is really done,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1447.18,1450.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it might be to improve the water control","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1450.69,1453.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the landholders land.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1453.92,1456.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that benefits that landholder,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1456.18,1458.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and often that further prosperity 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hungry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1463.07,1465.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So at best, for the poor and hungry,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1465.41,1467.05"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's kind of a stop-gap thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1467.05,1468.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They get some food for a day.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1468.7,1470.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But what their work is really 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poverty.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1474.25,1477.833"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again, Tony Jackson's book","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1482.45,1483.87"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"looks at some Food for Work programs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1483.87,1486.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And again, concludes negatively on 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year,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1552.05,1554.12"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but in order to have their own food reserves.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1554.12,1556.463"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"How, for 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you,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1561.89,1564.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was that before colonialism in those countries,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1564.15,1566.77"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was very much the practice of storing 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average,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1575.96,1578.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was going to be a no rain year.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1578.3,1580.703"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1582.43,1583.263"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1584.69,1585.523"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e What does the institution say (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1587.17,1592.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Sure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1596.92,1597.753"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"One of the main beneficiaries of USAID programs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1597.753,1600.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are US universities, title 12.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1600.93,1603.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's very consciously in part designed,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1604.672,1606.49"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in order to have supportive lobby for USA 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poor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1611.33,1612.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and hungry and whether they are being helped.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1612.63,1614.88"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Now, there might be some lovely things that 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institutions,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1623.91,1626.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"see what's going on,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1626.02,1627.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and write some very interesting articles and reports","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1627.16,1629.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and exposing it and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1629.92,1631.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if you're really talking about those aid programs","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1631.53,1634.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"helping the poor and hungry, that they're not.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1634.02,1636.22"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as I say, the real harm would be that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1636.22,1639.7"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if we find one good one that might make us feel good","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1639.7,1642.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the overall shebang, and this the point","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1642.3,1644.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about the big ways that we are really","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1644.65,1646.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"being made part of putting obstacles","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1647.68,1649.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the way of the type of change that comes about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1649.9,1651.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cause there's no way that aid programs,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1651.59,1655.02"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even if they work good, could really feed the hungry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1655.02,1657.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, the problem is far too massive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1657.79,1660.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you really sit back and think, the only solution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1661.41,1663.92"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is going to be basically food security.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1663.92,1667.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not only on every national level,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1667.09,1669.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but every family having the ability","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1669.32,1672.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to have an adequate income and buy food.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1672.0,1676.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that's not going to be achieved through aid programs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1676.46,1679.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And there's been a lot of money spent on these programs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1680.38,1684.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, that's clear.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1684.0,1685.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And as I started this evening saying,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1685.46,1688.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"things have not been getting better.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1688.31,1690.417"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1694.051,1696.468"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay, I didn't hear that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1698.808,1700.891"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Feed the children?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1702.007,1703.185"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Feed the children?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1703.185,1704.852"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know if there's a particular program","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1707.54,1710.15"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"called, Feed the Children.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1710.15,1712.134"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1712.134,1713.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Aha, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1713.94,1714.917"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1714.917,1715.75"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I thought it might (mumbles)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1715.75,1717.439"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But I have never myself or anyone I know,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1717.439,1720.11"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"done any real investigation of any of these.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1720.11,1724.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1724.07,1724.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I feel very uneasy about that sort of thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1727.23,1729.32"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because I feel that, one way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1729.32,1732.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's like I was saying a way","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1732.55,1734.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that might make you feel that you're doing something","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1734.41,1737.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and therefore, you might.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1737.13,1739.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But of course you might not as an individual,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1739.28,1740.98"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but a lot of Americans might opt out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1740.98,1742.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of then, taking on much more serious responsibility.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1742.94,1746.983"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's not the solution, that's for sure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1751.33,1753.903"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And I, tend to think that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1754.87,1757.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a lot of that could be even downright fraudulent,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1757.57,1760.43"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but I certainly don't have any","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1760.43,1762.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"study to really say that is the case.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1763.94,1767.233"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's a lot of...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1768.45,1769.81"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Getting back to both this question and the one before.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1769.81,1773.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Take a country like China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1773.76,1775.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which again was written off by so many","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1775.67,1777.29"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there was, Adopt the Chinese Baby stuff,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1777.29,1779.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very prevalent here in the United States.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1779.79,1781.55"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some of you are probably old enough to remember all that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1781.55,1784.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1784.67,1786.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But, none of that did anything to really solve that.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1786.09,1790.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But in fact,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1790.44,1791.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"real structural change did come about in China.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1791.46,1794.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Came about through peasant-based revolution,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1794.52,1799.08"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fighting, great sacrifices,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1799.08,1801.35"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and did in fact, make a difference in terms of hunger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1801.35,1804.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And that is one quarter of the world's population.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1804.63,1807.72"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So it's very significant, what happens there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1807.72,1810.213"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1813.829,1816.246"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1837.41,1838.243"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Sure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=1838.243,1839.126"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e 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doing,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2046.76,2049.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then identifying the links to the (mumbles)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2049.41,2053.882"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And identifying what links can also be 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chapters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2067.7,2070.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that are now taking on at least a few chapters","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2070.54,2073.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in some areas of country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2073.51,2075.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Again, a certain country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2075.07,2076.2"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in order to learn about that country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2076.2,2077.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in order to then really do advocacy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2077.5,2080.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because, Bread for the World defines itself","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2080.48,2082.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as a Christian lobby against hunger,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2082.31,2085.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"around, they wanna advocate things","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2085.58,2088.41"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that will really make a difference","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2088.41,2089.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and not advocate that Congress passes a resolution","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2089.51,2092.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that everybody in the world has a right to eat and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2092.48,2094.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Cause that they've learned, is really meaningless.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2094.58,2097.383"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2098.356,2100.773"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Not (mumbles)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2107.07,2109.01"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2109.01,2109.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2109.91,2111.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right.\n(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2111.287,2116.287"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Right.\n(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2117.15,2117.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But of course it's not just an intellectual thing (giggling)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2117.99,2120.415"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2120.415,2122.31"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But as I said, it's not just an intellectual thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2122.31,2123.95"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2123.95,2124.783"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"when you get down to a specific country,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2125.89,2128.48"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, that's what are...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2128.48,2130.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You will see issues.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2130.65,2131.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Read a book like \"Aid is Obstacle\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2131.69,2133.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's a whole chapter which is explaining,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2133.39,2136.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some of the phrases I've just ticked off here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2136.5,2138.93"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about certain institutions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2138.93,2140.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Read a book like the one I mentioned,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2140.86,2142.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's coming out called, \"Guide to Moving the Obstacles\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2142.63,2145.44"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That talks as I say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2145.44,2146.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about groups that are doing particular actions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2146.47,2148.65"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What are they doing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2148.65,2149.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What have they published?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2149.5,2150.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2150.42,2151.56"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's the best way to answer.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2151.56,2153.79"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As I say, what I've been able to do in a talk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2153.79,2155.5"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the end there, I give like a few philosophic things,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2155.5,2158.71"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that I think are helpful.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2158.71,2159.543"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But then, those are just a helpful hints","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2159.543,2163.18"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for keeping your mind together","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2163.18,2164.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as you're doing specific things.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2164.26,2166.68"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And do them with,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2166.68,2168.83"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I could have given another philosophic point,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2168.83,2170.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't work alone.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2170.26,2171.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"At least try to find one other person","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2171.8,2173.16"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you see if you can link up with other people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2173.16,2175.563"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2179.202,2181.619"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well, I think it's something that will totology.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2224.6,2225.96"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think significant change is a revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2225.96,2229.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So yes, for there to be a significant change,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2229.28,2231.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there has to be a revolution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2231.46,2232.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"However, to be absolutely clear.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2234.08,2237.03"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I do think that most governments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2237.03,2238.73"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the world today are based on interests,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2238.73,2241.25"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which are set against the interests","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2241.25,2243.14"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the hungry and the poor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2243.14,2245.0"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And yes, those governments must be trached.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2245.0,2247.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2247.57,2248.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the case.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2249.6,2250.433"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, it's so absurd to have something","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2250.433,2252.09"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like the 1978 World Conference,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2252.09,2254.99"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on the Agrarian Reform in Rural Development","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2254.99,2257.24"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then all of 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dead-sent,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2272.27,2275.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"against Agrarian Reform.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2275.34,2276.953"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The government of India, the Congress 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Gandhi,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2286.07,2289.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"has done everything possible to see that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2289.19,2291.37"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there would be no significant Agrarian Reform at 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British.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2301.65,2303.85"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2309.983,2312.4"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Well,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2345.4,2346.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2346.57,2347.403"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That you...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2347.403,2348.64"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let me know when you want me to respond.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2348.64,2349.989"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I don't want to seem like I'm cutting you off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2349.989,2351.91"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"So, are you done?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2351.91,2353.33"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2353.33,2354.163"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"My criticism of AID,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2356.29,2357.603"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the fundamental criticism is of the fact that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2359.16,2362.86"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it is a fallacy to think that AID","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2362.86,2366.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or the Institute for Food and Development Policy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2366.47,2368.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or anything else could work, or God,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2368.9,2371.67"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could work through the type of structures","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2371.67,2374.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that exist in most countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2374.97,2376.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where people are going hungry and benefit the hungry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2376.54,2379.19"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"On the other hand, I could make from a lot of experiences,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2380.7,2383.6"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a lot of other criticisms about AID as an institution.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2383.6,2387.038"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And many of the people who are in AID, and how they work,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2387.038,2389.9"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what their world view, and where they spend their time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2389.9,2392.28"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and what sort of ways they insert themselves in the society.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2392.28,2396.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But let's say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2396.53,2397.46"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the most ideal imaginable AID","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2397.46,2400.872"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and administration in Washington and so forth.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2400.872,2404.763"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It could be perhaps 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Nicaragua.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2423.31,2427.23"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We are publishing, I think just this week now,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2427.23,2429.52"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a book called, \"Breaking the Circle of Poison\".","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2429.52,2432.97"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Which is about integrated pest management","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2432.97,2435.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the cotton fields in 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Berkeley,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2450.42,2451.69"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the Division of Biological Control,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2451.69,2454.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tried to work on integrated pest 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is,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2481.18,2484.07"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"how the same expertise","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2484.07,2486.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was not able to be useful in the type of 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then I'll be down here","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2515.453,2516.286"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and you come down so forth 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way.\n(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2518.768,2521.723"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Great (giggling)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2523.563,2524.396"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e And that you (indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2524.396,2526.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e -:\u003c/strong\u003e Let me just mention that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2526.59,2528.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in case you're interested in any of our publications,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2528.63,2532.78"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I can give you after the answer to this next question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2532.78,2535.51"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the address of the institute.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2535.51,2537.94"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'm afraid, I don't have catalogs.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2537.94,2539.57"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For some reason they were sent and they didn't arrive.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2539.57,2542.53"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"But if you write a postcard or whatever,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2542.53,2544.59"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you can get a catalog","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2544.59,2546.26"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and more information about the institute.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2546.26,2548.54"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We have everything from comic 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sheets.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2555.69,2558.17"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Like some of the basic myths about hunger.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2558.17,2561.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We even have balloons which you can blow up,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2561.13,2562.63"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they give them this and then you can pop the balloon","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2562.63,2565.58"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to books like, \"Development 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itself,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2569.617,2571.47"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is on multinationals pushing pesticides","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2571.47,2575.42"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in third world countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2575.42,2576.39"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and off verbally on export crops.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2576.39,2578.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And many of them coming 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Obstacle\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2585.957,2587.76"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are two books on Nicaragua.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2587.76,2589.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And a book coming out by the way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2589.8,2592.61"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/866","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on what's been happening in US farming,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2592.61,2595.34"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"called, \"Trading the Future\" and many 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is?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2608.66,2609.493"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/870","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(indistinct)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2610.961,2613.378"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/871","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"And did that help the hungry?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2729.32,2731.3"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mean, you know.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2731.3,2733.13"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Before the URI question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2733.13,2734.8"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"as I was saying earlier this evening.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=2734.8,2736.38"},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There are 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[Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22734/annotation/876","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/734/original/AV203335_Why_Hunger_b.vtt?1613498515","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/022/734/original/AV203335_Why_Hunger_b.vtt?1613498515"}]},{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22735","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["AV203335_Why_Hunger_b.txt [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734/transcript/22735/annotation/877","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"- Or even new improved foreign aid could help. We have a book we published a year and a half or so ago at the institute, called, \"Aid as Obstacle\", based on research we did over a couple of years looking at USAID programs, World Bank Programs. And as you probably know, the U.S. government is the major power within the World Bank. And what we're talking about here is government to government aid. Be it from the AID or the World Bank, it goes to governments. And what we found is that, thinking if you do, that that is going to help the poor and hungry. You then have to believe that you're going to help the powerless. Remember, that's how we defined the situation of people who are hungry. You're going to help the powerless, by channeling resources through the powerful. And that simply won't work. It won't work elsewhere and it won't work here. And I think when you think about it in our own country in our own context, you realize how absurd the notion of helping the poor through the well-off is. And in fact what we have found, and others have documented the impact of aid programs is that, the people who supposedly are gonna be the beneficiaries. The poor villagers or the poor people and even the urban areas, their lives are in fact made worse in many cases. So, it's not even like we can say, well, our aid is missing the people we'd want to help. Now it's actually making their situation worse. Often the type of resources that are put in, again like in the case of the irrigation tubewell in Bangladesh, make more prosperous people who are already well off, giving them more possibilities, for instance, of buying up more land, making more people landless, or mechanizing more with their extra profits. And therefore there are fewer jobs, for people whose very survival depend on getting those jobs. Food aid. There's much talk always how well America has such a surplus of food. There are all these hungry people, shouldn't we be helping them with food aid? Well, most U.S. food aid is sold on credit, long-term, very low interest credit to governments. But the important thing here is that in arranging it that way, then the recipient government has the possibility, and almost all of them do this, of selling the food aid. And indeed, this is a phenomenon that is not by chance. Because often food aid is really targeted to governments that the United States government has decided to financially support. As a way of actually passing money to a government that the U.S. government wants to support, but making it sound all right. We do this a lot with the Saigon government. And there was a point there when almost all of the U.S. food aid program was Saigon, but it was again, really being sold by the Saigon government and providing a lot of budgetary support. And guess where the U.S. government's doing that a lot now today, El Salvador. But another point about the sale or resale of food aid is that, by definition, the poor and the hungry, the poor are not gonna be able to buy it, so they're not getting it. And moreover, since in fact it's being resold, it often is a depressant on the local food market which worsens the situation of local farmers. Food for Work programs in societies which are structured against the poor, get co-opted by the, for instance landholders, who get work done free, improving the productivity of their lands. Which certainly does not help the landless. And again, through ways in which prosperity of those who are monopolizing resources, can in fact enhance their control over resources, and can make the lives worse of poor people. There's a very good book done by Oxfam United Kingdom. That's the English based Oxfam, on food aid. And we distribute this at our institute, it's called, \"Against The Grain\", done by Tony Jackson, who has really dedicated his life over the last I would say seven years now, to studying food aid. He was in charge of food aid distribution for a number of voluntary agencies in Guatemala, at the time of the earthquake and had worked previously in Guatemala. And he learned a lot from that experience and became very anti-food aid, and then got some funding from Oxfam, to really study food aid in a number of countries around the world. And looking at the type of food aid, he concentrated on it. Which is not resold supposedly, but given to the poor, looking at the good old food aid. And there's not enough time this evening to run through those cases. But it's a small portion of the total food aid, but what he finds is that, again it does not help the hungry, and in fact often worsens their situation. Another thing about our foreign aid bilateral and multilateral aid or economic aid, is that it's concentrated on a handful of countries. And interestingly, those often, and I'm not sure there are any exceptions, but I'll just say often turn out to be governments that are notorious for being structured against the poor. Against the poor farmers, against the landless. That are often militarily, police-wise, very repressive towards any movements for change. Governments such as the Mobutu regime in Zaire. And Mobutu was recently in Washington and was well received by Reagan. Well, he is the Samoza, he is the killer of Africa. A man who is terribly self-enriched. And Zaire is country, which despite again, it's abundant agricultural and mineral resources, a country of great hunger. Egypt, Turkey, Philippines. Hopefully more Americans are now beginning to get some inkling of what it's like in the Philippines. Or what is this government of Marcos that has had such economic support, bilateral and multilateral from the United States. Some of them, I think it's about the third largest recipient or fourth largest recipient, of World Bank Loans. A couple of my colleagues have done a study just of the World Bank's impact on the Philippines. We have a book called, \"Development Debacle\", which is an underground bestseller in the Philippines. But definitely underground, I must say. Now, many of those who hear us say that it's a myth that foreign development assistance, that food aid is a solution to hunger, think that we are like some Reaganites saying, cut them off. Let them feed themselves. Let us solve our own problems or we must take care of our own. But this is not what we are saying. Rather, we are saying that aid programs are not even buying time for the poor and hungry. That is, they are not even a holding action. At least feeding some hungry people, while people can be working on the structural changes, the redistribution of control over assets. No, it's not like that. In fact aid programs, as I pointed out in many societies, are making things worse by reinforcing the structures, the class, the elites in the societies hold. That is in fact generating the hunger and poverty in the first place. Nowhere is this more clear than U.S. aid economic, as well as military, to the Salvadoran regime. Now, what we are also saying that surely the Reaganites are not, is that our biggest problem, the biggest problem that we at the institute have with foreign aid advocacy is that, good Americans who are concerned about poverty and hunger in the world are in fact victimized by thinking that foreign aid is the solution. For foreign aid can lower them into thinking that at least we are doing something. It's the idea that, gosh, there are people hungry, I'll give a dollar or $10 or $10,000 to this organization. And then at least I can sleep better at night, I can eat. Foreign aid can blind us here, from seeing the whole range of obstacles that our government and so many corporations based in our society, working in countries where people go hungry. Obstacles being placed in the way of people who are fighting, who are standing up, who are working to change the distribution of control in the society. Certainly among other things, I'm thinking of the massive U.S military aid to third world countries. This is often overlooked in the discussions of how the US should be helping with food aid. But you know we are now, and this is last year's figure, we are providing military assistance and sales to third world countries to the tune of $89 billion. That in the 1974, by 1974, military assistance, bilateral military assistance, started to exceed total dollar amounts of all economic assistance to third world countries. Now, most of the sales are actually done on long-term credit. So, it's in fact, a type of aid in itself. And when you look at what is the military hardware that is being provided, it's so often so clearly for domestic use. It's for precisely the control of a population by the government in that country. Talking here about armored cars, barbed wire, bulletproof vests, tear gas, grenades, mace, et cetera. Michael Clara at the Institute for Policy Studies, has a very excellent book. Along with, I should mention Cynthia Aronson also, at the institute, looking at the type of military aid provided by the United States, to regimes notorious for the repression for those working to change unjust structures. In Zaire, Paraguay, El Salvador, the Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, and so on and on. Now, there's no time to look at all the other ways that are not so blatant as military, that we don't see because we're focusing on foreign aid as our way to help the hungry. But there's so many diplomatic and economic moves, so many things that most Americans never hear about, that are so much more impacting the situation in other countries. Like the Export-Import Bank and the type of lending it does, and which governments and for what? The Overseas Private Investment Corporation, which is as you know, a government institution, and what it does. We write about these in our book, \"Food First\" and \"Aid is Obstacle\". Look at the support increase now, particularly with the Kirkpatrick Reagan administration, of the apartheid regime in South Africa. And we see what that means internally in South Africa. And while I was in Mozambique, I know I could... Every day there was another act of massive sabotage of the Mozambique economy, coming from South Africa. Or in Zimbabwe earlier this year. In one single moment, half of the air force planes of the Zimbabwean government were bombed sitting on the runway by agents of South Africa. The oil pipeline on which Zimbabwe is dependent, it has no internal oil, has been exploded twice in the last year by South Africa. In fact, a whole list of these things were recounted to me and a couple other people from Oxfam, by the head of AID in the U.S. Embassy in Zimbabwe. So, what I'd like to conclude with this evening, having laid out all of this and I appreciate that it takes a lot to listen to all that, are a few sort of points about sort of like, things that helped me kind of go on doing this type of work that help us at the institute, move ahead and that we'd like to share with people who obviously, you wouldn't be here this evening if you didn't care. First point is don't get overwhelmed. I say that at this point, in case you are overwhelmed. What I find terribly important, is to focus on a particular country or a particular region. Especially since we're in a school setting, that's very appropriate. You know, what? Try to figure out every way you can use, the learning you're doing in school and so forth, to study South Africa or El Salvador, or the Philippines or whatever. It's good for a while to stop looking at world hunger, and look at hunger in a country, in the United States is not a bad one either, and kinda learn all about that. 'Cause that then, really sharpens your ability to go on and understand other situations. And of course it more importantly, helps you identify some specific actions, that you might want to get involved in doing. Another thing about a focus is that, if you really appreciate the root cause of hunger, then you will not get hung up in any discussion. Well, should I be concentrating on disarmament or should I be doing energy focus? Or should I be working against hunger or whatever? Cause the root cause of all these problems is really the same. It's concentrated economic and political power. So, do whatever makes sense for you in your life situation. And don't think somehow that you should feel guilty that you're really now concentrate on only, always on this one thing. Because if you're doing it well, you'll be getting at the root cause of all the great problems. Secondly, don't look for models. Hope to learn things from experiences that you examine elsewhere. But don't thinking that there's some ideal government out there. I mean, if you read my book, \"What Difference Could a Revolution Make?\". Which is about what's been happening in Nicaragua in the last four years, in terms of changes in the countryside and the food situation. You can see many things that are less than ideal, and many errors that were made and so forth. But, there's Have the information that starts going. Now, it's not only questioning of information. It's often knowing, being much more aware of the people, in places where people are going hungry. Where people are needlessly suffering. What is going on where people are standing up and fighting for their rights, where they are so heroically risking their lives? It's inspiring. One of the great assets of working in a place like the institute, is the type of letters and literature and articles and things that come into us, and we see how many people are doing things. 'Cause otherwise, you can get pretty despondent, if you just watched the evening news. There's a lot to feel very import... Now, I talked about South Africa. I wish I had time to share with you, a few of the days we spent on this trip, living with the African National Congress of South Africa. They have, in Tanzania and Zambia and a number of Southern African countries, farms that they are setting up with the people who were forced out of South Africa. What they call self-reliance farms and freedom schools and furniture factories, and all sorts of other things. And they're interrelating all these. And they're not only gaining economic self-reliance, but they're learning things that they will need in the liberated South Africa to know how to do. And they're putting their people through schools, getting engineering degrees like in mining engineering schools, so that they will know how to operate the mines. Cause the whites have deprived the blacks of that systematically. And in the high school that I was staying at, in this African National Congress School, it was an incredible experience. Every evening at 9:00 p.m, they have what they call the news. By the way there was no television in Tanzania, so they are spared from the evening televised news. What happens in these high schools at the ANC, is that there are news committees that are rotated among the students. And each student in this news committee, listens to a different short wave news station, radio, Voice of America, Moscow, BBC, and so forth. Then they come together at 9:00 p.m with the whole student body, and they give the summary of what each one of these broadcasts was giving out that day. And then they have an hour long discussion of various things. Now, this was incredibly inspiring to see. And also the type of questions that come up in the discussion, show how these young people are really learning. What are the real question? I mean, I don't think I could have found anything like that in California. And it's very inspiring. Because I can say even among exiled groups in diaspora from their countries, I know very few instances, where there is something that is so well thought out and moving ahead as what the ANC is doing. And I wish we could talk about, because I don't think you have probably heard much, and I wrote about what is going on in Brazil. The sugar workers in Northeast Brazil. The Agrarian Reform efforts that are going on there. I mean, we are treated to certain types of information. Like we can all be in great solidarity with Poland, but we don't hear anything about Brazil, where the U.S. government is so pivotal. The Philippines, and from the Philippines to South Africa to Haiti, people are gaining hope by working together. And that inspires us. And finally, take the long view. 'Cause if you don't take the long view, you won't be doing anything, for a long time. Quite frankly, we believe that unless we can sense ourselves as part of a long human struggle, one that's much longer than any of our lifetimes, we are likely to be very disappointed, burned out and tempted to give up. The causes of needless hunger have been built and reinforced over hundreds and hundreds of years. Such forces, both the institutions and the assumptions, on which those institutions are based, cannot be changed in a few years or even in a few decades. Yes, dramatic new starts are achieved with apparent quickness. So it especially seems to people who are totally uninformed what's going on and then all of a sudden it seems like there's a big change somewhere. But what appears a sudden, in fact, is invariably the result of years and years of work and sacrifice. Moreover, the rejection of the old does not create the new. That will take more years of work and sacrifice. So with that, I would say that, what I always like to close with is, a phrase from someone I greatly admire, I.F. Stone. I don't know how many people know I.F. Stone, who single handedly sometimes as a journalist, carried on in Washington, exposing the real lies of Republican Democratic Administrations over a few decades. And he said, \"If you \"in your lifetime, find the answer \"to what you're asking, \"then you were not asking a big enough question.\" So thank you.\r\n\r\n- Question?\r\n\r\n- Sure. But would you point out who, so I don't have to try to remember who had his or her hand up longer?\r\n\r\n- Okay. He will take some questions.\r\n\r\n- I have a couple of real short ones. First of all, it's kind of\r\n\r\n- You mean just by statistics? What do you mean? The amounts and so forth? Oh no. Yeah. Well, if you're only interested in U.S food aid, you could... Worldwide. Okay, well, World Food Council in Rome. But they're basically using the statistics that are compiled by the sort of, well, it's the same building, the FAO, the Food and Agricultural Organization. Now, the Food and Agricultural Organization has a Liaison Office in Washington, DC, and they have a library and there is a whole publication on food aids. Food aid of all countries in the world. Where you learn such things such as, that India is one of the major food aid donors in the world. And some things like that.\r\n\r\n- The other question was, you mentioned Food for Work. Most of the literature And I get the impression from you, that you don't agree with that.\r\n\r\n- Oh, I'm sorry then. I was starting to mumble then. Because in fact they are, again they do not work in the interest of the hungry. They work often to, as I say improve, for instance. Often they're just furthered away totally and just totally lost in corruption and so forth. But if in a sense, any work is really done, it might be to improve the water control on the landholders land. And that benefits that landholder, and often that further prosperity can in many subtle and not too subtle ways, worsen the situation of the poor and hungry. So at best, for the poor and hungry, it's kind of a stop-gap thing. They get some food for a day. But what their work is really doing, is enriching somebody, who is enrichment in fact makes for their ongoing poverty. And again, Tony Jackson's book looks at some Food for Work programs. And again, concludes negatively on them. That's a common sort of question that one gets. And if there were something I could feel really good about, I'd be happy to say it. Because I know how useful that would be to people who feel that, that's the way life is. There must be something In terms of food aid, the only time that food aid as we write in our book, where we talking about food aid where it might be useful, might be useful, is in some natural disasters. But it's not even the case in all natural disasters such as the Guatemala earthquake, that food aid was useful to the hungry. And again, many countries where there are natural disasters, if they have the proper economic and social structures, they would be producing not only enough food to eat in any current year, but in order to have their own food reserves. How, for instance, in many African countries that are drought prone, what historians will tell you, was that before colonialism in those countries, there was very much the practice of storing food. Even sometimes multiple years, with the expectation that, one out of three years or so on average, was going to be a no rain year. So, you know.\r\n\r\n- What does the institution say\r\n\r\n- Sure. One of the main beneficiaries of USAID programs are US universities, title 12. And that's very consciously in part designed, in order to have supportive lobby for USA programs. I mean, we're talking about the poor and hungry and whether they are being helped. Now, there might be some lovely things that happen and maybe some, even some people might in fact, would come out of these institutions, see what's going on, and write some very interesting articles and reports and exposing it and so forth. But if you're really talking about those aid programs helping the poor and hungry, that they're not. And as I say, the real harm would be that, if we find one good one that might make us feel good about the overall shebang, and this the point about the big ways that we are really being made part of putting obstacles in the way of the type of change that comes about. Cause there's no way that aid programs, even if they work good, could really feed the hungry. I mean, the problem is far too massive. If you really sit back and think, the only solution is going to be basically food security. Not only on every national level, but every family having the ability to have an adequate income and buy food. And that's not going to be achieved through aid programs. And there's been a lot of money spent on these programs. I mean, that's clear. And as I started this evening saying, things have not been getting better. Okay, I didn't hear that. Feed the children?\r\n\r\n- Feed the children?\r\n\r\n- I don't know if there's a particular program called, Feed the Children. Aha, yeah. I thought it might But I have never myself or anyone I know, done any real investigation of any of these. But, I feel very uneasy about that sort of thing. Because I feel that, one way, it's like I was saying a way that might make you feel that you're doing something and therefore, you might. But of course you might not as an individual, but a lot of Americans might opt out of then, taking on much more serious responsibility. It's not the solution, that's for sure. And I, tend to think that, a lot of that could be even downright fraudulent, but I certainly don't have any study to really say that is the case. There's a lot of... Getting back to both this question and the one before. Take a country like China. Which again was written off by so many and there was, Adopt the Chinese Baby stuff, very prevalent here in the United States. Some of you are probably old enough to remember all that and so forth. But, none of that did anything to really solve that. But in fact, real structural change did come about in China. Came about through peasant-based revolution, fighting, great sacrifices, and did in fact, make a difference in terms of hunger. And that is one quarter of the world's population. So it's very significant, what happens there. Yeah. Sure.\r\n\r\n- And you find out that And I think, first of all,\r\n\r\n- There are alternate sources of info or alternative I should say, sources of information. We have a publication coming out this month called, \"A Guide to Removing the Obstacles\". Which is basically a very annotated directory of alternative, I keep saying alternate, publications and of a whole range of organizations in the United States and Canada, that are working around particular issues that we talked about tonight. Like what groups are working around Southern African issues and what are they doing in the annotation and what publications do they have, if you want to get involved in that. Or domestic poverty and hunger here in the United States or Central America or the Export-Import Bank and the impact that it has. Or the Philippines or Overseas Private Investment Corporation, who's working around that. Or corporate responsibility issues with multinational agribusiness firms and so forth. So that would be a helpful thing to look at on. Again, what we're saying is not just that our aid is not helping, but that all we really need to do, is take on the bigger agenda of stopping all the things that are part of the problem. We are being made through our government's policies, often supportive of regimes that, vast majority of Americans would be absolutely shocked if they knew what they were supporting. They would be. I remember even those types of words being used by one of your Congress persons here, Berkeley Bedell or something. He came back from visiting Nicaragua. He said, no ordinary American who would be in Nicaragua, would be outraged, if she or he knew what the US government was doing. And is that her name, It's that sort of thing. So, it's not just statistics and so forth. You're looking, you're really trying to get the human face to what we are doing, and then identifying the links to the And identifying what links can also be made to those people who are fighting to overthrow those obstacles that are put in their way. And that's the type of thing. So they're like, they are the Bread for the world chapters that are now taking on at least a few chapters in some areas of country. Again, a certain country, in order to learn about that country, in order to then really do advocacy. Because, Bread for the World defines itself as a Christian lobby against hunger, around, they wanna advocate things that will really make a difference and not advocate that Congress passes a resolution that everybody in the world has a right to eat and so forth. Cause that they've learned, is really meaningless. Not Yeah. Right. Right. But of course it's not just an intellectual thing But as I said, it's not just an intellectual thing. Well, when you get down to a specific country, I mean, that's what are... You will see issues. Read a book like \"Aid is Obstacle\". There's a whole chapter which is explaining, some of the phrases I've just ticked off here about certain institutions. Read a book like the one I mentioned, that's coming out called, \"Guide to Moving the Obstacles\". That talks as I say, about groups that are doing particular actions. What are they doing? What have they published? So forth. That's the best way to answer. As I say, what I've been able to do in a talk at the end there, I give like a few philosophic things, that I think are helpful. But then, those are just a helpful hints for keeping your mind together as you're doing specific things. And do them with, I could have given another philosophic point, don't work alone. At least try to find one other person and you see if you can link up with other people. Well, I think it's something that will totology. I think significant change is a revolution. So yes, for there to be a significant change, there has to be a revolution. However, to be absolutely clear. I do think that most governments in the world today are based on interests, which are set against the interests of the hungry and the poor. And yes, those governments must be trached. That's the case. I mean, it's so absurd to have something like the 1978 World Conference, on the Agrarian Reform in Rural Development and then all of these ministers from governments around the world had come and supposedly are going to talk about, Agrarian Reform. When in fact with the rare exception here and there, they represent governments that are dead-sent, against Agrarian Reform. The government of India, the Congress party. Despite all of the, things that you see in the Tear Jerker Gandhi, has done everything possible to see that there would be no significant Agrarian Reform at all, in India. And indeed, the situation in many states of India is worse now, than it was under the British. Well, yes. That you... Let me know when you want me to respond. I don't want to seem like I'm cutting you off. So, are you done? Okay. My criticism of AID, the fundamental criticism is of the fact that, it is a fallacy to think that AID or the Institute for Food and Development Policy or anything else could work, or God, could work through the type of structures that exist in most countries where people are going hungry and benefit the hungry. On the other hand, I could make from a lot of experiences, a lot of other criticisms about AID as an institution. And many of the people who are in AID, and how they work, and what their world view, and where they spend their time, and what sort of ways they insert themselves in the society. But let's say, the most ideal imaginable AID and administration in Washington and so forth. It could be perhaps useful in a few countries in the world, but those are countries where that significant change has already occurred. Sure. There are technical things. Our institute has been directly involved in bringing certain technical expertise from some universities here in the United States to Nicaragua. We are publishing, I think just this week now, a book called, \"Breaking the Circle of Poison\". Which is about integrated pest management in the cotton fields in Nicaragua. And this was being done by a PhD from California. University of California at Berkeley, from the Division of Biological Control. And AID and Berkeley, and the Division of Biological Control, tried to work on integrated pest management in Samoza Nicaragua. 'Cause if you know anything about the cotton production, especially in Nicaragua, massive amounts of DDT and other pesticides. As much as 45 aerial sprains in the season and the type of devastation this had on the ecology and the human environment and mother's milk and so forth. We write about that in \"Food First\". But what is interesting and what you can read about in \"Breaking the Circle of Poison\" is, how the same expertise was not able to be useful in the type of society as it was structured in Samoza Nicaragua, and how now it is making such a difference. And what has changed, is that there's been a revolution. And now the same person, who before was working for AID, finds that he can be useful, and he authored the book. Yeah. And then I'll be down here and you come down so forth and... Oh, taking your way. Great\r\n\r\n- And that you\r\n\r\n- Let me just mention that in case you're interested in any of our publications, I can give you after the answer to this next question, the address of the institute. I'm afraid, I don't have catalogs. For some reason they were sent and they didn't arrive. But if you write a postcard or whatever, you can get a catalog and more information about the institute. We have everything from comic books, to now we're getting a lot of high school curriculum material together to even one page sheets. Like some of the basic myths about hunger. We even have balloons which you can blow up, they give them this and then you can pop the balloon to books like, \"Development Debacle\", \"The Breaking of Circle of Poison\", \"The Circle Poison\" book itself, which is on multinationals pushing pesticides in third world countries and off verbally on export crops. And many of them coming back. And that's the circle to a country like the United States, where those pesticides are manufactured. \"Food First\", \"Aid is Obstacle\" are two books on Nicaragua. And a book coming out by the way, on what's been happening in US farming, called, \"Trading the Future\" and many others. Which is? And did that help the hungry? I mean, you know. Before the URI question, as I was saying earlier this evening. There are many...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://iastate.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2486/collection_resources/36621/file/105734#t=0.0,2741.83837"}]}]}]}